Folia Entomológica Mexicana ISSN: 0430-8603 [email protected] Sociedad Mexicana de Entomología, A.C. México

Carpenter, James M.; Garcete Barrett, Bolívar R. Revision of the genus Parazumia de Saussure (: : Eumeninae) Folia Entomológica Mexicana, vol. 44, núm. Su1, noviembre, 2005, pp. 21-34 Sociedad Mexicana de Entomología, A.C. Xalapa, México

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REVISION OF THE GENUS PARAZUMIA DE SAUSSURE (HYMENOPTERA: VESPIDAE; EUMENINAE)

JAMES M. CARPENTER* AND BOLÍVAR R. GARCETE-BARRETT**

*Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, U. S. A.; [email protected] **Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay, Sucursal 1 Campus U.N.A., 2169 CDP, Central XI, San Lorenzo, Paraguay; [email protected]

Carpenter, J.M. and B.R. Garcete-Barrett. 2005. Revision of the genus Parazumia de Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Folia Entomol. Mex., 44 (supl. 1): 21-34.

ABSTRACT. The eumenine genus Parazumia is revised. Three new species are described: aliciae Carpenter from Mexico, ticae Carpenter and Garcete-Barrett from Costa Rica, and yucateca Carpenter from Mexico. The subspecies P. symmorpha sonorensis (Bequaert) is newly synonymized with P. tolteca (de Saussure), which is restored to species status. New combinations are Parazumia sulcata (Ducke) and surinama (von Schulthess). The lectotype of P. paranensis (Bertoni) is designated. KEY W ORDS: , Revision, Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae, Parazumia, Mexico, Costa Rica.

Carpenter, J.M. y B.R. Garcete-Barrett. 2005. Revisión del género Parazumia de Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Folia Entomol. Mex., 44 (supl. 1): 21-34.

RESUMEN. Se revisan los eumeninos del género Parazumia. Se describen tres especies nuevas: aliciae Carpenter de México, ticae Carpenter y Garcete-Barrett de Costa Rica, y yucateca Carpenter de México. La subespecie P. symmorpha sonorensis (Bequaert) es sinonimizada aquí con P. tolteca (de Saussure), siendo esta última reeestablecida en el estatus de especie. Parazumia sulcata (Ducke) y surinama (von Schulthess) son combinaciones nuevas. Se designa el Lectotipo de P. paranensis (Bertoni). PALABRAS CLAVE: Taxonomía, Revisión, Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae, Parazumia, México, Costa Rica.

The genus Parazumia is a small the genus with Pachymenes de Saussure. Bertoni group of species distributed from the United Sta- (1934: 109) proposed the name Paranortonia as tes to Argentina. It has had a tangled nomenclatu- a genus or subgenus of Nortonia de Saussure, but ral history-typical for eumenine genera. It was did not designate a type species. Bequaert (1940: originally described by de Saussure (1855; see 100) designated a type species for Paranortonia, Griffin, 1939, for the dates of de Saussure’s mo- Nortonia tolteca de Saussure, thus making the nograph) as a division of the genus name available. He treated this as a subgenus of de Saussure; there were two included species. Pachymenes, but included carinulatus (Spinola) Bertoni (1918: 192) first treated it as a genus. in the taxon, thus making Paranortonia Bequaert Bequaert (1921: 241) designated as type species a synonym of Parazumia de Saussure. However, Odynerus carinulata (Spinola), but synonymized this was not pointed out until van der Vecht and Carpenter and Garcete-Barrett: Revision of Parazumia

Carpenter (1990: 42); until then the name Para- so while Parazumia belongs in this group, its nortonia was used. To top this all off, Giordani sister-group is unclear. The only character cited Soika (1973: 25, footnote) overlooked Be- as an autapomorphy of the genus was loss of the quaert’s (1940) type designation for Paranorto- epicnemial carina, but only relative to Mon- nia Bertoni, and proposed his own, superfluous, tezumia and . However, all the males we type designation of Nortonia tolteca. have dissected (five species) have the digitus As presently construed (see the generic key by bearing a small tooth-like lobe adjoining the arti- Carpenter and Garcete-Barrett, 2003), the genus culation with the cuspis, in addition to the usual comprises six described species. Additionally the broad lobe forming most of the digitus. We have Nearctic P. symmorpha (de Saussure) is divided not seen such a structure before in Vespidae, and into three subspecies, following Bequaert (1940), pending dissection of the remaining species, mo- who reduced tolteca from species rank, and des- nophyly of the genus seems supported. cribed sonorensis as a new subspecies. However, symmorpha s. str. is not only geographically se- KEY TO SPECIES gregated from the other subspecies, occurring in 1. Metasomal tergum I with anterior median lon- the eastern United States versus western United gitudinal carina (Fig. 1); clypeus with lateral States and Mexico, it does not intergrade in co- angular projections above the apical emargi- lor, always lacking ferruginous markings on the nation (Fig.4)...... 2 body (tegulae and antennae beneath orange- - Metasomal tergum I without anterior median ferruginous), which are variably developed but longitudinal carina, instead with posterior me- always present in the other two subspecies. dian longitudinal groove (Figs. 2-3); clypeus Bequaert (1940) was unable to find structural without lateral angular projections above the differences among these taxa, but the clypeus is apical emargination (Figs. 5-6) ...... 3 different, as are various aspects of the sculpture, as detailed in the key. We are therefore restoring 2. Mesosoma black, metasoma auburn, wings P. tolteca to species rank, and synonymizing P. hyaline...... carinulata (de Saussure) symmorpha sonorensis with it. To this we are - Mesosoma and metasoma entirely black, wings adding three new species, so that the genus now infuscate...... paranensis Bertoni has a total of 10 species. Nothing appears to have been published about 3. Punctation very sparse and fine over entire the ethology of any of the species. Regarding body, appearing practically impunctate (Fig. 7) phylogeny, in the cladistic analysis of the nearctic ...... impunctata (Bohart) eumenine genera by Carpenter and Cumming - Punctation distinct on entire body (Figs. 8-11, (1985) Parazumia (as Paranortonia) was placed 13-16) ...... 4 with Montezumia, Monobia and Pseudodynerus, based on the synapomorphy of a narrowed, slit- 4. Propodeal concavity very shallow; metasomal like axillary fossa. An elongate prestigma sup- terga I and II reddish-brown, on the remainder ported closer relationship to Montezumia + Mo- black, III-V with rust-colored apical margins. nobia, relative to Pseudodynerus, but the charac- ...... sulcata (Ducke) ter was considered to be weakened by homo- - Propodeal concavity deep; metasoma colored plasy. The slit-like axillary fossa is shared with differently, black with pale apical bands to several other genera in the world fauna, whose mostly ferruginous...... 5 relationships have not yet been investigated, and

22 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44 (supl. 1) (2005)

FIGURES 1-6. Species of Parazumia. 1-3, metasomal tergum I; 1, P. carinulata, dorsal view; 2-3, dorsal view; 2, P. symmorpha; 3, P. tolteca. 4-6, clypeus; 4, P. carinulata; 5, P. symmorpha; 6, P. tolteca. All scale bars 1 mm.

23 Carpenter and Garcete-Barrett: Revision of Parazumia

FIGURES 7-12. Species of Parazumia. 7, P. impunctata, head and mesosoma in lateral view. 8-9, pronotum and scutum in dorsolateral view; 8, P. symmorpha; 9, P. tolteca. 10-11, propodeum in lateral view; 10, P. symmorpha; 11, P. tolteca. 12, P. aliciae, holotype, metasoma in posterior view. All scale bars 1 mm.

24 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44 (supl. 1) (2005)

5. Propodeum dorsally with a few scattered pun- yellow markings, without ferruginous except on ctures; metasomal terga II to V densely punc- tegulae and antennae beneath...... tate; mostly black, with the exception of the red ...... symmorpha (de Saussure) clypeus, sparse yellow markings on the head, a - Clypeus with lateral and apical margin lamellate narrow yellow band apically on tergum I, and (Fig. 6); metasomal tergum I longer, measured auburn foretibiae and tarsi and hindtibial apex from spiracles at most 1.2X wider than long ...... surinama (von Schulthess) (Fig. 3); pronotum with few interspaces larger - Hind upper part of the propodeum densely than macropunctures (Fig. 9); scutum with punctate; coloration different, if mostly black micropunctures dense, close (Fig. 9); propo- then pronotum mesally, apical margins of terga deum laterally with small punctures, interspaces I and II, often also III, tibiae and tarsi yellow mostly larger than punctures (Fig. 11); ferru- ...... 6 ginous markings extensive on body...... tolteca (de Saussure) 6. Apical lamella on metasomal terga II and III reflexed, then edge bent down, height about an TAXONOMY ocellus diameter (Fig. 12) . . aliciae sp. nov. - Apical lamellae flat, not reflexed (Figs. 13-16) Genus Parazumia de Saussure ...... 7 Parazumia de Saussure, 1855: 166, division of genus Montezumia de Saussure. 7. Metasomal tergum III without apical lamella in Type species: Odynerus ? carinulatus Spinola, female (Figs. 15-16), in male with laterally ab- 1851, by subsequent designation of Bequaert, breviatedlamella(Figs. 13-14) ...... 8 1921: 241. - Metasomal tergum III with apical lamella, con- Paranortonia Bertoni, 1934: 109, genus or sub- tinuous laterally to near margin of tergum . 9 genus of Nortonia de Saussure [unavailable; no type species designated]. 8. Black with pale markings, without ferruginous; Paranortonia Bequaert, 1940: 100, subgenus of apical lamella of metasomal tergum II in female Pachymenes de Saussure; reference to Para- and terga II and III in male shorter (Figs. 14, nortonia Bertoni [validation by type selection 16)...... yucateca sp. nov. of Paranortonia Bertoni, 1934]. - Ferruginous markings present; apical lamella of Type species: Nortonia tolteca de Saussure, metasomal tergum II in female and terga II and 1875, by original designation. III in male longer (Figs. 13, 15) ...... ticae sp. nov. Parazumia aliciae Carpenter sp. nov. (Fig. 12) 9. Clypeus with lateral and apical margins not la- Diagnosis: Distinguished at once from all other mellate (Fig. 5); metasomal tergum I shorter, species of Parazumia by the reflexed apical la- measured from spiracles about 1.5X wider than mellae on metasomal terga II and III, to a height long (Fig. 2); pronotum dorsally with macro- about an ocellus diameter. In other species of the punctures fewer, many smaller than interspaces, genus these lamellae are flat, not reflexed, height few micropunctures (Fig. 8); scutum with punc- a little less than the thickness of the cuticle. tation sparse, micropunctures well spaced (Fig. Description: Male: holotype forewing length 8); propodeum laterally with large punctures 12.3 mm. Structure - prestigma about equal in scattered throughout (Fig. 10); black with length to pterostigma, measured along posterior

25 Carpenter and Garcete-Barrett: Revision of Parazumia border; clypeus with lateral and apical margin al- maining segments, dorsal stripes on femora; most lamellate; frons with macropunctures and wings with yellowish tinge, most of veins and micropunctures distinct; pronotum with few inter- pterostigma yellow except mostly brown radius. spaces larger than macropunctures, micropunc- Vestiture: dense, long (much of it longer than tures few; scutum with macropunctures dense, an ocellus diameter), fulvous hairs throughout. micropunctures few; propodeum with dorsum Variation: forewing length in the paratype ma- densely punctate, laterally punctures small, in- le 12.0 mm; ferruginous much more extensive, terspaces mostly larger than punctures; meta- tinging interior eye margins and temporal stripes, somal tergum I not carinate, with posterior me- replacing most of yellow on pronotum, scutellar dian longitudinal groove, measured from spira- spots, propodeum, and with two connected longi- cles about 1.2X wider than long, apex with trans- tudinal stripes on scutum, several spots on mese- lucent apical lamella; metasomal tergum II with pisternum, most of metasomal segments I-II and apical lamella translucent, ending abruptly near with III-IV with narrow transverse stripes bet- lateral margins of tergum, punctation consisting ween black base and yellow apex, most of legs of scattered macropunctures on denser micro- except for tarsi and parts of tibiae; wing veins punctures; metasomal sternum II without basal and pterostigma brown and membrane infuscate. area of modified pilosity; metasomal tergum III Female: aside from the usual sexual dimor- with translucent apical lamella, ending in angle phism of Vespidae structure similar to male, but laterally; metasomal tergum IV with translucent forewing length 17.4 mm; metasomal tergum III apical lamella, ending abruptly laterally, emargi- with apical lamella abbreviated abruptly far from nate medially; genitalia with digitus bearing a lateral margins of tergum; metasomal tergum IV very small tooth-like lobe adjoining the articu- without lamella; much more extensively orange- lation with the cuspis, most of digitus a blade-like ferruginous than either male specimen, but ap- lobe tapering gradually to apex, which is not deli- pearing somewhat cyanided; the clypeus apparen- mited as a distinct nipple-like projection. tly has yellow splotches but otherwise yellow Color: black with extensive ferruginous and markings probably more extensive than in male, yellow markings; yellow are the clypeus, labrum, with two longitudinal yellow stripes visible on most of mandible, most of interantennal area, in- scutum. terior eye margin, interocellar area, a long stripe Distribution: México: Jalisco and Morelos. on the tempora, scape ventrally, anterior margin Type material: holotype male from Mexico: and posterodorsal angle of the pronotum, a dorsal Jalisco, Chamela, 20 June 1986 (A. Rodríguez mesepisternal spot, anterior and posterior lobes P.), no AQ246, on Bouvreria sp. Paratypes in- of the tegula, parategula, broad spots on the scu- clude one female from Jalisco, Estacion de Bio- tellum, a transverse stripe on the metanotum, pos- logia Chamela, 30 June 1986 (F. A. Noguera teroventral spots on the propodeum, apical bands M.), no. N26a; and one male from Morelos, 2.5 on metasomal terga and sterna I-II and most of km W Ajuchitlán, 18/28’.06N 98/59’.546W, 12 remaining segments, the femora apically and the June 1996 (B. Rodríguez), no. 83RA. Holotype tibiae and tarsit; ferruginous are the scape and and paratype female in Estacion de Biologia Cha- first flagellomere dorsally, pedicel and terminal mela (EBC); paratype male in American Museum flagellomere, remaining flagellomeres ventrally, of Natural History (AMNH). most of pronotum and tegula, propodeum poste- Etymology: the name honors the late Alicia rodorsally, most of the disc of metasomal terga I- Rodríguez-Palafox, colleague and friend, who II, metasomal sternum II posteriorly, tinges on re- collected the holotype, and sent all the specimens

26 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44 (supl. 1) (2005) seen. Heredia Pr., La Selva Biol. Sta., 3 km S Pto. Vie- Remarks: male genitalia in the genus show jo, 2 April 1988 (H. A. Hespenheide). New re- little variation. In addition to dissecting the para- cords based on specimens in the AMNH are a fe- type of P. aliciae, we dissected one specimen male from Suriname: Republiek, 29 September each of symmorpha, ticae and yucateca, as well (P. H. v. Doesburg, Jr.); another female from Re- as specimens of both previously recognized sub- publiek, boschpad n. Vier Kindleren, 26 August species of tolteca. The most salient difference 1945 (Geyskas); and a female from Guyana: observed was between P. aliciae and all the Bartica Distr., Kalacoon, 1916 (gift of N. Y. others, with aliciae having the digitus apex not Zool. Soc. Dept. Tropical Research). forming a distinct nipple-like projection as in the The male remains unknown; de Saussure (1855: other species. 166) recorded a male, but according to de This species may be the sister-group of P. tolte- Saussure (1875: 128) this was actually a female. ca, but the only evident synapomorphy is the This species is evidently the sister-group of P. form of the apical lamella on the third metasomal paranensis, as shown by the longitudinal carina tergum of the male, which ends in an angle late- on the first metasomal tergum and lateral projec- rally near the margins of the tergum. In the other tions of the clypeus in both species. Longitudinal species where we have examined males, the la- metasomal carinae are rare in Eumeninae, mella ends smoothly laterally (P. symmorpha, P. although transverse carinae are common, espe- impunctata) or is abbreviated far from the mar- cially on the first tergum. The lateral clypeal gins of the tergum (P. ticae, P. yucateca). “teeth” are unique as far as we are aware.

Parazumia carinulata (Spinola) Parazumia impunctata (Bohart) Odynerus ? carinulatus Spinola, 1851: 83, Pachymenes impunctatus Bohart, 1948: 316, female - “Para” (Torino). male - “10 mi. N. W. La Paz, Lower Montezumia carinulata; de Saussure, 1855, Ét. California” (San Francisco). Fam. Vesp. 3: 166. Parazumia impunctata; Rodríguez-Palafox, Nortonia carinulata; Fox, 1899, Proc. Acad. Nat. 1996: 480. Sci. Philad. 1899: 463, 464. Parazumia carinula [!]; Bertoni, 1918, An. Described from Mexico: Baja California Sur, Cient. Parag. (2) 3: 192. based on two males; we have examined the para- Pachymenes carinulata; Bequaert, 1921, Rev. type. Another two males are in the collection of Zool. Afr. 9: 241. the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (LACM), from Mexico: Baja California Described from Brazil: Pará, it was sub- Sur, 5 mi. NW San Ignacio, 11 October 1972 (E. sequently recorded from Mato Grosso do Sul by M. Fisher). Fox (1899); Suriname and Peru: Callanga by von This species may be the sister-group of P. tolte- Schulthess (1904); a second locality in Pará by ca + P. aliciae (see discussion under the latter Ducke (1911); Brazil: Piauhí by Zavattari species of evidence of close relationship to P. (1912); Brazil: Amazonas, Guyana, another loca- tolteca), although this is supported chiefly by si- lity in Suriname, and Peru: Loreto by Ajmat and milar coloration of the metasoma, reddish with Willink (1980); and Costa Rica by West- some black; black is much more extensive in Eberhard et al. (1995). The details of the record other species. All three species also have an for Costa Rica are: female in the AMNH from apical lamella on the fourth metasomal tergum in

27 Carpenter and Garcete-Barrett: Revision of Parazumia the male, unlike other species of the genus we Paranortonia sulcata; Bertoni, 1934: 109. have seen, but this is weakly differentiated in P. impunctata and P. tolteca, while it is very well Described from Brazil: Pará and still known developed in P. aliciae. only from the holotype in the Museu Goeldi, which we have not seen. It was not listed in the Parazumia paranensis Bertoni catalog by Nascimento (1979) but van der Vecht Parazumia paranensis Bertoni, 1918: 192, (1981: 121) studied it, and Dr. Orlando Tobias female - “Puerto Bertoni” (San Lorenzo). Silveira of the Museu Goeldi kindly confirmed that it runs through the key given above. Accor- Described from Paraguay and recorded from ding to van der Vecht, the declivity of the propo- the provinces of Misiones and Mendoza (the deum is very shallowly depressed in comparison latter record doubtful) in Argentina by Ajmat and to other species in the genus (although he did not Willink (1980). A new record is a female in the state which species he examined), and the punc- AMNH from Brazil: Nova Teutonia, 23 Decem- tation of the pronotum, scutum and metasomal ber 1937 (J. Lindemans); the locality is in the tergum II is very fine and dense. The lamellae of state of Santa Carina. the second and third metasomal terga are poorly We have examined the syntypes of this species, developed, like the other South American species which are in Museo Nacional de Historia Natural we have seen, as confirmed by Dr. Silveira. del Paraguay (MNHNPY). In order to provide an objective standard of reference for the applica- Parazumia surinama (von Schulthess), new tion of the name, we are designating the lecto- combination type, as follows. Lectotype (specimen marked Nortonia surinama von Schulthess, 1903: 364, “typus” by Bertoni): female from Paraguay: Alto female - “Surinam” (Zürich). Paraná, Puerto Bertoni, November 1910, A. W. Paranortonia suriname [!]; Bertoni, 1934: 109. Bertoni coll. (marked F.18 by Garcete-Barrett). Paralectotypes (specimens marked “cotypus” by Described from Suriname and still known only Bertoni): three females from Paraguay: [Alto from the holotype, which we have not seen. Paraná]: Puerto Bertoni, November 1910, A. W. Bertoni coll. (marked F.7, F.4, and F.6 by Parazumia symmorpha (de Saussure) Garcete-Barrett). Odynerus Symmorphus de Saussure, 1855: 246, New records for Paraguay based on specimens female, male (in subgenus Odynerus division in the MNHNPY include a female from Canin- Parodynerus) - “La Floride” (London). deyú: Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú, Pachymenes symmorphus; Bequaert, 1940: 100. Jejui-mi, 13 January 1997 (B. Garcete), and a fe- male from Canindeyú: Reserva Natural del Bos- Described from the U. S. A.: Florida, it was lis- que Mbaracayú, trayecto Jejui-mi – Lagunita, 14 ted from 17 other states by Bequaert (1940), in- January 1997 (B. Garcete coll.). cluding most of the eastern states from New The male remains unknown. Hampshire south to Florida, and west to Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas and Iowa. We have seen spe- Parazumia sulcata (Ducke), new combination cimens of both sexes from Connecticut, Massa- chusetts, New Jersey and New York in the Nortonia sulcata Ducke, 1904: 140, female- AMNH. “Pará im Walde” (Belém). In London we have examined a female speci-

28 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44 (supl. 1) (2005) men marked type, but without locality data. The micropunctures distinct; scutum with micropunc- labels on it read: Type / Odynerus symmorphus tures dense, close; propodeum with dorsum den- Sauss. 39 10 – 12 331 / B.M. TYPE HYM sely punctate, laterally punctures small, inter- 18.527. spaces mostly larger than punctures; metasomal This species may be the sister-group of P. yu- tergum I not carinate, with posterior median cateca: the scutal punctation in both species is longitudinal groove, measured from spiracles sparse, with even the micropunctures well spa- about 1.2X wider than long, apex with translu- ced; these are denser in most other species cent apical lamella; metasomal tergum II with (essentially absent in P. impunctata). These are punctation consisting of scattered macropunc- also the only two species in the genus where the tures on denser micropunctures; metasomal ster- females have the mandibles brownish black, not num II without basal area of modified pilosity; ferruginous. apical lamellae on metasomal terga II and III flat; metasomal tergum IV without apical lamella; ge- Parazumia ticae Carpenter and Garcete- nitalia with digitus bearing a very small tooth- Barrett sp. nov. like lobe adjoining the articulation with the cus- (Figs. 13, 15) pis, most of digitus a blade-like lobe whose apex Diagnosis: distinguished from other species of is delimited as a distinct nipple-like projection. Parazumia by the apical lamella of metasomal Color: black with few ferruginous and yellow tergum II being translucent, well developed and markings; yellow are the clypeus aside from ven- abbreviated laterally far from margins of the ter- trolateral spots and dorsal rim, labrum, interan- gum, and metasomal tergum III in the male with tennal spot, lower margin of interocular emar- a well developed, laterally abbreviated apical la- gination, short temporal stripe, scape ventrally, mella. In P. yucateca these lamellae are likewise pronotum mesally and posterodorsal angle, para- laterally abbreviated, but are shorter in both tegula, transverse stripe on metanotum, postero- sexes. In P. carinulata the lamella of tergum II is ventral spots on propodeum, apical bands on me- abbreviated far from the lateral tergal margins, tasomal terga I-IV and sterna IV-VI, spot on me- but is opaque; in other species with a translucent tasomal tergum VII, apical spot on femur, tibia lamella this runs near or to the lateral margins of extensively and tarsi dorsally; orange to brown the tergum. Among the other species in which the ferruginous are the flagellum ventrally, spot on male has an apical lamella on tergum III, P. mandible, tegula, apical bands on metasomal ter- aliciae, P. impunctata, P. symmorpha and P. tol- ga V-VI and sterna IV-VI, spot on metasomal teca have it running near the lateral margins of tergum VII, tibia and tarsi ventrally; brick-red the tergum. The punctation on the pronotum is ferruginous are the dorsum of the pronotum la- also unique, with few interspaces larger than ma- terally, posteromesal margin of pronotum, and cropunctures and the micropunctures dense. In spiracular operculum; wings infuscate with veins P. aliciae and P. tolteca the pronotum similarly light to dark brown. has few interspaces larger than macropunctures, Vestiture: dense, long (much of it longer than but the micropunctures are fewer. an ocellus diameter), brownish to whitish hairs Description: Male: holotype forewing length throughout. 13.5 mm. Structure: prestigma about equal in Variation: (the forewing length in the paratype length to pterostigma, measured along posterior male was not measured because the wings are border; clypeus with lateral and apical margin al- slightly crumpled) mandible with yellowish spot most lamellate; frons with macropunctures and but yellow otherwise less extensive, without tem-

29 Carpenter and Garcete-Barrett: Revision of Parazumia

FIGURES 13-16. Species of Parazumia, metasomal terga II-III in dorsal view. 13-14, male; 13, P. ticae; 14, P. yucateca. 15-16, female; 15, P. ticae; 16, P. yucateca. All scale bars 1 mm. poral stripes, metanotal stripe and propodeal pe, scape, most of pronotum, spots on scutellum, spots greatly reduced, hindtibia mostly black, posterior stripes and dorsal spots on propodeum, yellow replaced with ferruginous on postero- small dorsal spot on mesepisternum, apex of dorsal angle of pronotum and metasomal tergum forefemur, lateral spots and irregular apical IV. marks on metasomal tergum II, apex broadly of Female: aside from the usual sexual dimor- metasomal terga III-VI and parts of sterna IV-V. phism of Vespidae structure similar to male, but Distribution: Costa Rica. forewing length 15.1 mm; metasomal tergum III Type material: holotype male from Costa without apical lamella; color much more extensi- Rica: San José (M. Valerio). Paratypes include vely ferruginous, including most of clypeus ex- another male with the same locality and collector, cept for dorsal yellow spots and black rim, la- and a label with no. 51; one female from Guana- brum, mandible, inner margin of eye dorsally, caste, Santa Rosa Park, Hacienda 4C, 13 July - 3 transverse stripe on vertex, tinging temporal stri- August 1985 (I. D. Gauld); and one female from

30 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44 (supl. 1) (2005)

Guanacaste: Santa Rosa National Park, San Emi- Pachymenes symmorphus var. toltecus; Bequaert, lio-6-C, 14 June - 5 July 1986 (I. Gauld). The ho- 1940: 101. lotype is missing the left antenna, and the left Pachymenes symmorphus var. (or subsp.) sono- foreleg and right hindleg after the femora. The rensis Bequaert, 1940: 101, female, male (in holotype and first two paratypes are in the sub-genus Paranortonia) - “Colorado: AMNH; the last paratype is in the MNHNPY. Plainview, Jefferson Co.” (holotype female Etymology: the name is derived from the nick- Cambridge); also from five other localities in name for a female inhabitant of Costa Rica. Colorado and from three in Arizona. NEW Remarks: the phylogenetic relationships of this SYNONYMY. species are not clear. The Meso- and North Ame- Paranortonia symmorphus toltecus; Krombein, rican species of the genus may form a monophy- 1979: 1500. letic group. In most of these species, including Paranortonia symmorphus sonorensis; Krom- P. ticae, the dorsal punctation on the propodeum bein, 1979: 1500. is dense, whereas it is scattered in the South A- Parazumia symmorpha sonorensis; Rodríguez- merican species we have seen, and the punctation Palafox, 1996: 480. on the second metasomal tergum consists of Parazumia symmorpha tolteca; Rodríguez- scattered macropunctures on denser micropunc- Palafox, 1996: 480. tures, whereas it is uniform in the South Ameri- Described from three localities in Mexico in the can species. However, these possible synapomor- states of Hidalgo and Michoacán (not Veracruz phies are vitiated by the fact that the punctation as incorrectly stated by Bequaert, 1940). It was is essentially absent in P. impunctata. The trans- subsequently recorded from México: Sierra Mix- lucent apical lamellae on metasomal terga I and teca by Zavattari (1912), three localities in Mexi- II may also be a synapomorphy; lamellae are ab- co: Sonora and Jalisco and two in U. S. A.: Ari- sent or opaque in South American species, in- zona and Texas by Bequaert (1940), and Mexico: cluding P. sulcata. But we have not seen P. suri- Tamaulipas and Nuevo León by Ruiz-C. et al. nama, so the value of these features cannot be es- (1993). Bequaert (1940) also described the sub- tablished at present. And even if P. ticae is part species P. symmorphus sonorensis from 10 loca- of a monophyletic group of the Meso- and North lities in U. S. A.: Colorado and Arizona. Subse- American species, its relationships otherwise are quently, Bohart (1951) reported it from Mexico. unclear: P. symmorpha and P. yucateca may be Like tolteca, sonorensis has the clypeus with its sister-groups (see above under P. symmorpha) lateral and apical margin almost lamellate; the and P. impunctata, P. aliciae and P. tolteca may ferruginous markings on the body are reduced in form a monophyletic group (see above), but rela- comparison to tolteca, which may be almost enti- tionships of P. ticae to one or the other of these rely ferruginous. But there are always substantial groups remains unresolved. ferruginous markings, and sonorensis therefore appears to represent color variation in tolteca. Parazumia tolteca (de Saussure) We are therefore synonymizing these taxa. As revised status shown above, there are morphological diffe- Nortonia Tolteca de Saussure, 1875: 140, pl. II rences between tolteca and symmorpha, and they figs. 13, 13a, female, male - “Mexico ... in the do not intergrade where they meet in Texas. We valley of Meztitlan (eastern Cordillera), at are therefore returning tolteca to species status. More-lia, and at Pazcuaro (Michoacan)” We have seen the following specimens in the (Genève). AMNH determined as tolteca by Bequaert and

31 Carpenter and Garcete-Barrett: Revision of Parazumia

Bohart: two females and seven males a female Cazier, W. Gertsch, R. Schrammel). We have from the U. S. A.: Arizona, Cochise Co., South- also seen four males from Guadalajara (Craw- western Research Station 5 mi W Portal, 5400 ft., ford) in the U. S. National Museum; a female 24 June 1956 (E. Ordway); another female and a from Morelos, 2.5 km N and 4 km W Huautla, male with the same locality and collector, from Estación CEAMISH, 18/47’.671N 99/02’.475W, 12 July 1956; a male with the same locality and 940 m, 7 September 1996 (B. Rodríguez) in the collector, from 16 July 1956; a male with the EBC; a male from Durango, 5 mi. W. Durango, same locality, from 16 July 1956 (Cazier and 6500’, 22 July 1964 (J. F. McAlpine) in the Ordway); a male with the same locality, from 17 MNHNPY; and a female from Guerrero, Xucu- July 1956 (C. and M. Cazier); a male with the manatlán, 7000 ft, July (H.H. Smith) in The Na- same locality and collectors, from 18 July 1956, tural History Museum, London. The LACM has collected on Melilotus alba Desr.; a male with specimens from Nayarit, Michoacán, Zacatecas the same locality, from 22 July 1956 (M. A. Ca- and Oaxaca as well as Jalicso and Sonora. zier); a female from Arizona, Santa Catalina Mts., Sabino Basin, 32/22’N 110/46.5’W, about Parazumia yucateca Carpenter sp. nov. 3800 ft., July 8-20 1916; a male from Mexico: (Figs. 14, 16) Durango, Nombre de Dios, 5900 ft., 13 August Diagnosis: distinguished from other species of 1947 (Michener); a female from Jalisco, Colimi- Parazumia by the pronotum with macropunctures lla, Barranca de Oblatos, 7 August 1953 (C. & P. sparse and the cuticle dull and reticulate. In P. Vaurie); a male from Jalisco, San Juan Lagos, 27 carinulata and P. symmorpha the macropunc- July 1951 (P. D. Hurd); a male from Jalisco, 20 tures are sparse, with the interspaces larger than mi. N La Quemada, 27 July 1954 (M. Cazier, W. the punctures, but the cuticle is polished. The me- Gertsch, Bradts); and a male from Mexico: Jalis- tasomal tergum II apex in the female and metaso- co, Guadalajara, September 1914 (McClendon). mal tergum III apex in the male with very short, We have seen the following specimens in the laterally abbreviated lamellae are also disting- AMNH determined as sonorensis: a male para- uishing; P. ticae has similarly laterally abbre- type and another male specimen from the U. S. viated lamellae, but these are longer. A.: Colorado, Jim Creek near Boulder, about Description: Male: holotype forewing length 6400 ft., 21 July 1923; a male paratype from 10.8 mm. Structure - prestigma about equal in Colorado, Ward, Lake Isabelle, about 10,800 ft., length to pterostigma, measured along posterior 24 June 1922; a male from Colorado, Larimer border; clypeus with lateral and apical margin al- Co., Horsetooth Reservoir, 5400 ft., 24 July 1986 most lamellate; frons with macropunctures and (J. M. Carpenter); a male from Arizona, Cochise micropunctures distinct; scutum with punctation Co., Southwestern Research Station 5 mi W Por- sparse, micropunctures well spaced; propodeum tal, 5400 ft., 24 July 1956 (C. And M. Cazier), with dorsum densely puncfate, laterally with collected on Melilotus alba Desr.; another male punctures small, interspaces mostly larger than with the same locality and collectors, 17 July punctures; metasomal tergum I not carinate, with 1956; another male with the same locality and posterior median longitudinal groove, measured host, 28 July 1956 (E. Ordway); a female from at spiracles about 1.2X wider than long, with Texas, Austin, 10 May 1953 (J. A. Gillaspy); a translucent apical lamella; metasomal tergum II male from Mexico: Durango, Palos Colorados, with punctation consisting of scattered macro- 8000 ft., 5 August 1947 (Cazier); and a male punctures on denser micropunctures; metasomal from Hidalgo, Chapulhuacán, 20 May 1952 (M. sternum II without basal area of modified pilosi-

32 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44 (supl. 1) (2005) ty; apical lamellae on metasomal terga II and III locality and date. All specimens in American Mu- flat; metasomal tergum IV without apical lamella; seum of Natural History. genitalia with digitus bearing a very small tooth- Etymology: the name is derived from the state like lobe adjoining the articulation with the cus- of Yucatán (via the name of a hot sauce), and is pis, most of digitus a blade-like lobe whose apex to be treated as a noun in apposition. is delimited as a distinct nipple-like projection. Remarks: Although there is no collector label, Color: black with pale yellow markings, with- these are presumably the specimens of which Be- out ferruginous; yellow are most of clypeus ex- quaert (1940: 100) stated were an undescribed cept for ventrolateral spots, interantennal spot, species collected by him in Yucatán. ventral margin of ocular emargination, temporal spot, scape ventrally, weak stripe and basal spot ACKNOWLEDGMENTS on mandible, anterior margin of pronotum, para- We thank Felipe Noguera for his invitation to tegula, broad spots on scutellum, stripe on meta- contribute to this memorial issue, Orlando Tobias notum, arrowhead-shaped spots on propodeum, Silveira for examining the type of Parazumia sul- large dorsal spot on mesepisternum, apical bands cata (Ducke) at our request, Roy Snelling for on metasomal terga I-II, posterolateral spots on providing locality data from the LACM and cor- sternum II, small apical spots on dorsum of fe- rections to the manuscript, and Kurt Pickett for mur, stripes on fore- and midtibiae and spots on reading the manuscript, and examination and dis- hindtibia; flagellum is brownish orange beneath; cussion of the genitalia dissections. brown are the posterodorsal margin of pronotum and legs mostly; wings slightly infuscate and LITERATURE CITED veins dark brown. AJMAT,M.V. AND A. WILLINK. 1980. El género Parazumia Vestiture: dense, short (mostly less than an Saussure (Hym. Eumenidae). Acta Zoológica Lilloana 36: 81-86. ocellus diameter, except on sides of mesosoma BEQUAERT, J. 1921. Description d’une espèce congolaise du and on propodeum), whitish hairs throughout. genre “Montezumia„ (Hyménoptères, Vespides) suivie de Variation: forewing length 10.2-11.4 mm remarques taxonomiques sur ce groupe. Revue Zoologique (n=4); the stripes on the mandibles are more Africaine 9: 235-257. BEQUAERT,J. 1940. Monobia, Montezumia and Pachymenes, distinct in two of the paratypes; the spots on the neotropical elements in the nearctic Fauna (Hymenoptera, hindfemur may be replaced by a stripe. Vespidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America Female: aside from the usual sexual dimor- 33: 96- 102. phism of Vespidae structure similar to male, but BERTONI,A. DE W. 1918. Contribución al conocimiento de los Himenópteros Diplópteros Americanos (especies y nidos forewing length 13.6 mm; metasomal tergum III menos o poco conocidos). Anales Cientificos Paraguayos without lamella; color with yellow markings re- (2)3: 184-202. duced, with clypeus only having two dorsal spots, BERTONI,A. DE W. 1934. Contribución al conocimiento de los the ventral margin of the ocular emargination Eumenéidos. El antiguo género Latr. (s. lat.) (Nuevo punto de vista para la clasificación). Revista de la having two yellow spots, the mandible with only Sociedad Cientifica del Paraguay 3: 109-122. basal spot, pronotum only yellow mesally, legs BOHART, R. M. 1948. Contribution toward the knowledge of mostly black; the spots on propodeum are trian- the fauna of Lower California. No. 9. Hymenoptera: gular. Eumenidae. Proceedings of the California Academy of Distribution: Mexico: Yucatán. Sciences 24: 313-335. BOHART, R. M. 1951. Vespidae. pp. 875-907. In: C. F. W. Type material: holotype male from Mexico: Muesebeck, K. V. Krombein and H. K. Townes (eds.). Yucatán, Chichen Itzá, June 1929. Paratypes Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico Synoptic include four males and one female with the same Catalog. Agriculture Monograph 2, United States

33 Carpenter and Garcete-Barrett: Revision of Parazumia

Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. RUIZ C., E., L. O. TEJADA M. AND S. E. VARELA F. 1993. CARPENTER,J.M. AND J. M. CUMMING. 1985. A character Eumeninae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) en Tamaulipas y analysis of the North American potter wasps (Hymenoptera: Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Folia Entomológica Mexicana 88: Vespidae; Eumeninae). Journal of Natural History 19: 877- 79-88. 916. SAUSSURE,H. DE. 1854-56. Études de la famille des Vespides CARPENTER,J.M. AND B. R. GARCETE-BARRETT. 2003 3. Masson, Paris, and J. Cherbuliez, Genève, xii + 352 pp. (2002). A key to the neotropical genera of Eumeninae SAUSSURE,H. DE. 1875. Synopsis of American wasps. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Boletín del Museo Nacional de Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 254: 1-392. Historia Natural del Paraguay 14(1-2): 52-73. SCHULTHESS-RECHBERG,A. VON. 1903. Neue Arten der DUCKE, A. 1904. Zur Kenntnis der Diploptera vom Gebiete Vespidengattung Nortonia Sauss. und Plagiolabra, des unteren Amazonas. (Hym.). Zeitschrift für Eumenidarum nov. gen. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch- Hymenopterologie und Dipterologia 4: 134-143. Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 53: 361-367. DUCKE, A. 1911. Sur quelques Euménides (guêpes solitaires) SCHULTHESS,A VON. 1904. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der du Brésil. Revue d’Entomologie 28: 180-192. Nortonia-Arten (Hym. Vesp.). Zeitschrift für FOX, W. J. 1899. Contributions to a knowledge of the Hymenopterologie und Dipterologia 4: 270-283. Hymenoptera of Brazil, No. 7. Eumenidae (genera Zethus, SPINOLA, M. 1851. Compte rendu des Hyménoptères inédits Labus, Zethoides, Eumenes, Montezumia and Nortonia). provenant du voyage entomologique de Ghiliani dans le Pará Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of en 1846, 3-78. [Preprint of Memorie della Reale Accademia Philadelphia 1899: 407-464. delle Scienze di Torino (2) 13: 19-94, 1853.] GIORDANI SOIKA,A. 1973. Designazione di lectotipi ed elenco VECHT,J. VAN DER. 1981. On some Neotropical Eumenidae dei tipi di Eumenidi, Vespidi e Masaridi da me descritti described by A. Ducke. Bollettino del Museo Civico di negli anni 1934-1960. Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Storia Naturale di Venezia 31: 121-124. Naturale di Venezia 24: 7-53. VECHT,J. VAN DER AND J. M. CARPENTER. 1990. A catalog of GRIFFIN,F.J. 1939. On the dates of publication of de Saussure the genera of the Vespidae (Hymenoptera). Zoologische (H. de): Etudes sur la famille des Vespides 1-3. 1852-1858. Verhandelingen. 260: 3-62. Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural W EST-EBERHARD,M.J.,J.M.CARPENTER AND P. HANSON. History 1: 211-212. 1995. The vespid wasps (Vespidae). pp. 561-587. In: KROMBEIN, K. V. 1979. Vespoidea. pp. 1469-1522. In: K. V. Hanson, P. and I. Gauld (eds.). The Hymenoptera of Costa Krombein, P. D. Hurd, D. R. Smith and B. D. Burks (eds.). Rica. The Natural History Museum, London. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. ZAVATTARI, E. 1912. Materialien für eine Monographie der Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C. Neotropischen Eumeniden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte NASCIMENTO, P. T.R. 1979. Catálogo de tipos entomológicos 78A(4): 1-272. do Museu Goeldi. Hymenoptera. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (Nova Série) 98: 1-18. RODRÍGUEZ-PALAFOX,A. 1996. Vespidae (Hymenoptera). pp. 465-482. In: J. Llorente-Bousquets, A. N. García-Aldrete and E. González-Soriano (eds.). Biodiversidad, taxonomía Recibido: 17 de enero del 2004. y biogeografía de artrópodos de México. Universidad Aceptado: 20 de julio del 2004. Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, D.F.

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