TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW VOL. XLIV, NO. 1, JANUARY 1970 Editor, Stanley A. Arbingast; Associate Editor, Robert H. Ryan; Managing Editor, Graham Blackstock Editorial Board: Stanley A. Arbingast, Chairman; John R. Stockton; Francis B. May; Robert H. Ryan; Robert B. Williamson; Joe H . Jones; Graham Blackstock.
CONTENTS BUREAU OF BUSINESS RESEARCH
ARTICLES Director: Stanley A. Arbingast Special Research Associate: Joe H. Jones 1: THE BUSINESS SITUATION IN TEXAS, by Joe H. Jones 3: THE INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM IN TEXAS, by Assistant to the Director: Florence Escott Charles P. Zlatkovich Statistician: John R. Stockton 8: TEXAS CONSTRUCTION, NOVEMBER 1969, by William Consulting Statistician: Francis B. May Gruben Systems Analysts: Dennis W. Cooper, Richard Scamell
TABLES Cooperating Faculty: Charles T. Clark, Lawrence L. Crum, William T. Hold, Jerry Todd, Ernest W. Walker, 2: SELECTED BAROMETERS OF TEXAS BUSINESS Robert B. Williamson 2: BUSINESS-ACTIVITY INDEXES FOR 20 SELECTED TEXAS Administrative Assistant: Margaret Robb CITIES Research Associates: James Blackburn, Graham Black 2: NONAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT IN TEXAS: SELECTED stock, Willetta Dement, Margaret Fielder, William LABOR-MARKET AREAS Gruben, Gay Horak, Ida M. Lambeth, Robert M. Lock 5: URBAN INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS OF TEXAS wood, Ben McAndrew, Robert H. Ryan, Richard Wads 6: TEXAS INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS: ROUTE MILES AND POP worth, Charles P. Zlatkovich ULATION SERVED 7: TEXAS INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS: 1968 AVERAGE DAILY Research Assistant: Charlotte Hage TRAFFIC ON RURAL MILEAGE Statistical Assistants: Mildred Anderson, Constance Cool 8: AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE OF CHANGE IN NUMBER OF edge, Glenda Riley DWELLING UNITS CONSTRUCTED IN TEXAS INCORPO Statistical Technicians: Doris Dismuke, Mary Gorham RATED AREAS, 1961-1968 Computer Assistant.~: James Barry, Michael Coneway, 8: ESTIMATED VALUES OF BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS Lawrence Dorr, Terry Throckmorton 10: LOCAL BUSINESS CONDITIONS Cartographers : P enelope Lewis, Jam es Weiler BAROMETERS OF TEXAS BUSINESS (inside back cover) Librarian: Merle Danz CHARTS Administrative Secretary: Jeanette Pryor
1 : TEXAS BUSINESS ACTIVITY Administrative Clerk : Nita Teeters 9: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION: DURABLE MANUFACTURES, Senior Secretaries: Susan Murphy, Elizabeth Vickers TEXAS Senior Clerk Typist: Sandra Jones, Martha Murray 9: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION: NONDURABLE MANUFACTURES, Clerk Typist : Susan Wood TEXAS Senior Clerk: Salvador B. Macias PHOTOGRAPHS Clerks: Edward Hildebrandt, Karen Schmidt, Patrosky Thomas 3: HEAVY TRAFFIC ON INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS Offset Press Operators: Robert Dorsett, Daniel P. Rosas 5: A REST AREA ON A TEXAS INTERSTATE HIGHWAY 6: MILEPOST ON A TEXAS INTERSTATE HIGHWAY COVER DESIGN BY CHARLOTTE HAGE 7: SOME SAFETY FEATURES OF A DIVIDED INTERSTATE HIGH Published monthly by the Bureau of Business Research, Graduate WAY School of Business, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 7: FRONTAGE ROADS ON TEXAS INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS 78712. Second-class postage paid at Austin, Texas. Content of this pub lication is not copyrighted and may be reproduced freely, but acknowl MAP edgment of source will be appreciated. The views expressed by authors are not n ecessaril y those of the Bureau of Business Research. Subscrip 4: THE INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM IN TEXAS tion, $4.00 a :rear: individual copies 25 cents.
The Bureau of Business Research is a member of the Associated University Bureaus of Business and Economic Research. THE BUSINESS SITUATION IN TEXAS
Joe H. Jones
The soaring sixties are subsiding gingerly into the sev interest series as late as the 1967 downturn. Interest enties with an approach not unlike that of the unlavened rates continue to climb in the current period. With the to a steaming bath. The presumed therapeutic benefits of current continued weakening of employment and output the impending dip are viewed with a questioning ambiv in an economy with increasing consumer, wholesale, and alence reflected in the hesitant entry. capital prices, the economy is displaying an unprecedent Nationally, the partial returns for the fourth quarter ed conflict of demands. The conflict is no less evident in of 1969 show a slackening in man-hours worked in man questions of economic policy. A generalized easing of ufacturing, declines in industrial production, and lower monetary restraints undertaken with a goal of stimu than-usual increases in personal income. These indica lating employment and output would work in opposition tions of an economic turning point are being manifest to a generalized policy of inflationary control. A quandary without significant decreases in demand for investment is posed by economic problems for which the obvious cures capital or any evidence that price stability in consumer seem as unacceptable as the ills. and capital markets is approaching. In a late November report issued by the Subcommittee The postwar recession of 1948-1949 was "classical" in on Fiscal Policy of the Joint Economic Committee of the the sense that significant reductions were made in con Congress, recognition was gi\·en to the reductions in sumer and wholesale prices. The 1953-1954 recession was output and employment shown by leading indicators and not accompanied by reductions in the general level of the continued upward price pressures in consumer, whole either consumer or wholesale prices but price stability sale, labor, and capital markets. Disturbed by the dif was achieved. The 1957-1958 and 1960--1961 periods devi ferences of the current slide from previous economic ated from the preceding recessions in that neither price downturns, the Subcommittee expressed concern that "we reductions nor stability was effected, but price advances seem to face 'the far from pleasant prospect of continued slowed and significant reductions were made in the rate price-wage inflation at the same time as an inadequate of price increases for the period. rate of growth." Prices in capital markets, as measured by treasury In the period following the Second World War general bill rates and bank rates on short-term business loans, price adjustments downward were accompanied by in showed rather decisive declines in the recessionary peri creases in unemployment. No evidence suggests that price ods beginning in 1953, 1957, and 1960. Sensitivity to the stabilization can be achieved now without unemployment changing economic climate was registered by these two in the current period. l:ndesirable as employment de- TEXAS BUSINESS ACTIVITY Index Adjusted for Seasonal Variation-1957-1959=100 350 350
300 300
250 250
200 200
150 150
~ kJ ·WW"" • - a.1 .... 1• .. • ·= w ::::.:: "' 100 100
50 50
0 0 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 NOTE: Shaded areas indicate periods of decline of total business activity in the United States. SOURCE: Based on bank debits reported by the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas and adjusted for seasonal variation and changes in the price level by the Bureau of Business Research.
JANUARY 1970 clines can be, and marked as they typically are by the financing plans based on bonded indebtedness of public disproportionate impact on marginally skilled labor in and quasi-public agencies operating under legislated in lower-income groups, the palliative effects of further em terest limits. The restraints of stringent monetary policy ployment declines will be doubly questionable if accom are being felt unevenly, however, as private commercial panying deflationary pressures are not generated. and industrial borrowing continues to climb in the face The soaring interest rates have imposed severe re of rates which are increasingly losing any prime qualities. straints on residential construction and on long-term In this context of divergent trends and divergent policy impulses recent state economic developments must be as SELECTED BAROMETERS OF TEXAS BUSINESS sessed. In this context fiscal and monetary policy moves (Indexes-Adjusted for seasonal variation 1957-1959= 100) can be expected to affect the future course of economic developments in the nation and in the state. Percent change A cyclical downturn in Texas is evident in nonagri Year-to- cultural wage and salary employment; and unemployment date Year-to- average covered under terms of state unemployment insurance has date Nov 1969 1969 shown an average cyclical increase throughout 1969. New Nov Oct average from from Index 1969 1969 1969 Oct 1969 1968 placements of manufacturing production workers de Texas business activity . . 234.2• 278.7' 250.9 - 16 15 clined throughout 1969 to reach a plateau in the fourth Crude-oil production ... 114.5° 115.o• 113.6 f;f; 1 quarter of this year. Crude-oil runs to stills . . 134.7 136.2 138.3 - I Contrasted with these declines in the employment indi Total electric-power use. . 255.9• 249.9• 251.1 2 13 cators, have been continuing increases in the long-term Industrial electric-power use .. 22.8.3• 222.4• 220.9 3 11 trends of industrial use of electric power and in debits Bank debits ...... 268.2 317.7 283.0 -16 20 to demand deposits in Texas banks. The increases in in Urban building permits dustrial consumption of electric power can be interpreted issued .. 160.6 182.2 186.7 -12 5 as a continuing demand for efficient industrial inputs. Residential .... 149.9 122.6 148.8 22. -6 Nonresidential .. 169.8 269.7 247.4 -37 21 The upward trend in bank debits can be interpreted as Total nonfarm increasing demand for funds and transactions, and the employment .. 146.2• 145.4• 144.2 increasing pressure of price inflation. Manufacturing The Texas Business-Activity Index is based on debits employment .. 152.6° 152.8• 150.4 •• to demand deposits in banks in twenty-one principal Total unemployment 80.8 72.4 74.8 20 4 Insured unemployment 53.2 48.ol 43.9 10 6 (Concluded, p. 9) Average weekly earnings- manufacturing ...... 148.2• 148.2• 144.4 •• 4 Average weekly hou rs- manufacturing ...... 100.3• 100.2• 100.6 •• •• NONAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT IN TEXAS SELECTED LABOR-MARKET AREAS * Preliminary. ' Revised. Anticipated •• Change is less than one half of 1 percent. Nov• Oct• Novr February Labor-market area 1969 1969 1968 1970 BUSINESS-ACTIVITY INDEXES FOR 20 SELECTED TEXAS CITIES (Adjusted for seasonal variation-1957-1959=100) Abilene 41,360 41,070 40,215 40,730 Amarillo 62,700 62,200 60,400 62,200 Percent change Austin 124,250 119,950 117,545 125,450 Beaumont-Port Arthur- Year-to-date 117,700 average Orange 117,800 118,700 116,500 Year-to-date Nov 1969 1969 Brownsville-Harlingen- Nov* Oct' average from from San Benito 38,670 38,190 37,860 39,270 City 1969 1969 1969 Oct 1969 1968 Corpus Christi 90,940 90,810 87,930 .90,410 Abilene ...... 132.1 148.5 141.9 -11 6 Dallas ...... 687,500 685,200 656,200 687,500 Amarillo . 182.0 213.5 194.4 -15 2 El Paso 116,2.50 116,350 112,265 116,150 Austin ... 343.6 358.2 355.6 -4 30 Fort Worth 291,100 287,000 281,900 286,800 Beaumont ...... 165.6 189.2 190.4 -12 Galveston-Texas City 60,150 59,100 56,450 59,150 Corpus Christi .152.3 173.2 159.8 -12 Houston 837,900 831,400 797,300 835,400 Corsicana .. 138.2i 175.4 159.5 -21 co Laredo 25,015 24,760 24 ,420 24,975 Dallas .. 301.9 367.3 320.5 -18 23 Longview-Kilgore- El Paso ...... 138.9 175.7 154.4 -21 11 Gladewater 35,470 35,390 34,795 35,690 Fort Worth ...... 174.0 186.3 180.7 -7 7 Lubbock 66,140 64,665 65,130 65,995 Galveston ...... 120.3 130.4 126.4 -8 -2 McAllen-Pharr-Edinburg 44,400 41,930 46,030 47,130 Houston ..... 238.S 300.8 262.3 - 21 11 Midland-Odessa 61,410 61,490 60,675 61,860 Laredo ... 216.9 252.3 236.2 -14 9 San Angelo 23,815 23,835 23,450 23,650 Lubbock .. 151.4 193.S 176.7 -22 10 San Antonio 283,650 283,300 279,850 282,400 Port Arthur . 105.4 130.5 118.8 -19 6 Texarkana 43,070 43,240 44,430 42,810 San Angelo .. 166.0 186.S 169.1 - 11 Tyler 37,170 38,120• 36,490 38,100 San Antonio .... 199.8 214.9 206.S -7 5 Waco 59,560 59,070 58,930 58,270 Texarkana .... 202.9 233.4 240.5 - 13 2 Wichita Falls 48,680 49,005 50,325 48,320 Tyler .. 159.8 197.9 180.1 -19 12 Total, labor market Waco ... 181.8 209.9 190.4 -13 9 areas ...... 3,197,000 3,174,775 3,089,090 3,189,960 Wichita Falls ... 127.3 158.6 140.8 -20 1 Total, Texas ...... 4,214,600 4,192,200 4,069,300 4,210,000
t: Preliminary. • Preliminary. ' Revised. ' Revised. • • Change is less than one half of 1 percent. Source: Texas Employment Commission.
2 TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW Texas leads all other states in Interstate Highway boundary of El Paso County and the Bexar County System mileage. The Interstate Highway System, for boundary Interstate 10 passes through 11 counties whose mally called the National System of Intersate and De total combined population is only 86,900, or less than 174 fense Highways, will consist of 42,500 miles of freeway persons per mile of Interstate Highway. when completed, with 3,166 miles of the System in Texas. Interstate System standards require that all projects The Interstate System reaches all states except Alaska be planned to accommodate adequately the traffic antici even Hawaii has " Interstate" highways although inter pated twenty years beyond their design period. Design state automobile travel between Hawaii and the mainland standards for the Interstate System were adopted by the is not recommended. Of the states in the L'nion, other American Association of St3te Highway Officials (A.A.S. than Texas, only California has more than 2,000 Inter H.O.) and approved by the Bureau of Public Roads in state System miles, while thirteen other states have more 1956. than 1,000 System miles each. The standards call for highway design speeds of at The Federal Highway ..\dmini stration desaibes the In least 70 miles per hour in areas of flat terrain, 60 miles terstate Highway System as the largest single peace per hour in rolling terrain, and 50 miles per hour in time public-works project ever undertaken. The Inter mountainous terrain and urban areas. Curvature, super state System will constitute only a little more than one elevation, and sight distances are correlated with design percent of the national road and street mileage, but will speed in accordance with A.A.S.H.O. geometric design carry more than 20 percent of all traffic. The System was standards for rural highways. Grades on the Interstate first proposed by the Bureau of Public Roads in 1939, but System are limited to 3, 4, and 5 percent for respective did not receive its major stimulus until 1956, with the design speeds of 70, 60, and 50 miles per hour, although passage of the Federal Aid Highway ..\c t of that year. grades up to 2 percent steeper may be provided in rugged The complete system will cost an estimated $59 billion, terrain. 90 percent of which is provided by federal funds, 10 per Traffic lanes on the Interstate System are to be at cent by state funds. All federal funds were provided di least 12 feet wide, with usable shoulders at least 10 feet rectly by highway users, paid as federal excise taxes and wide except in mountainous areas, where narrower shoul channeled through the Highway Trust Fund. Despite the ders may be provided. )ledian areas are to be at least apparent high cost of the System, the Federal Highway 36 feet \\ide in flat or rolling rural terrain, and at least Administration indicates that it will pay for itself within 16 feet wide in urbanized or mountainous areas, although five years after completion through benefits to users re medians as small as four feet wide are permitted in sulting from lower opera ting costs, lower accident costs, certain urban areas of high right-of-way cost. and lower time costs. Vertical clearances of at least 16 feet are to be pro Final completion of the Interstate System is not ex \·ided on at least one lane of all routes, with 14 feet pected until the mid 1970's, although approximately 68 being the minimum clearance for all lanes. Other stand percent of System mileage was open to traffic as of Sep ards go\·ern bridges, tunnel s, curbs, horizontal clearances, tember 30, 1969. Of the 28,748 miles open to traffic, 23,316 and safety walks. miles are complete to full or acceptable Interstate ;;tand In many respects the Interstate Highway System rep ards, while 3,129 miles are improved to standards ade resents the most significant advance in surface trans quate for present traffic but will require additional im portation engineering since the co nstruction of the rail provements to bring them up to ultimate standards. An roads. )lost previous highways have tended w follow additional 2,302 miles of toll roads, bridges, and tunnels closely the original railroad alignments, but with engi incorporated in the System are also open to traffic. In neering standards significantly less adequate. Interstate Texas 2,229 miles of the Interstate System, about 70 design standards, while not equal to those necessary for percent of the total Texas mileage in the System, are railroad operation, are. certainly comparable. Moreover, open to traffic. Of the Texas mileage open to traffic, 1,960 miles are complete to full or acceptable standards and an additional 269 miles are adequate for present traffic. There are no toll facilities on the Interstate System in Texas. The vast expanses of Texas are expensive when Inter state Highways or other transportation facilities must be built across areas of the state where relatively few peo ple live. Nationwide, there are about 4,700 persons per mile of Interstate Highway, while in Texas there are fewer than 3,500 persons per mile. In several areas of the state Interstate Highways traverse long distances where population is extremely sparse. In 501 miles between the Interstate Highways carry large volumes of traffic • Research Associate with the Bureau of Business Research at The University of· Texas at Austin. All acoompanying photograpl\s by swiftly and safely within major cities as well as author. between them. JANUARY 1970 3 since about 80 percent of the Interstate System is being numbered highways run north and south. The lower built on entirely new location, numerous significant im highway numbers are to the south and west of the coun provements over old highway routing can be made in the try. Urban "loop" routes running around major cities new roads. carry the number of the major route involved plus an The Interstate Highway System in Texas consists of even prefix digit, while local "spur'' routes, or branches, eight intercity routes and six local urban freeway routes follow the same numbering system, but carry odd prefix (see map). In the following description of the Texas In digits. Mileposts are placed on Interstate highways show terstate Highways the routes will be discussed in numer ing the mileage from the southern or western boundary ical order at their present status of completion. Number of the state or from the southern or western end of the ing of Interstate Highways follows a pattern of even highway if it originates within the state. The following numbered highways running east and west, while odd- route descriptions of each highway are similarly struc- THE INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM IN TEXAS ( Limited space requires omission of Urban Interstate Highways )
f"""'l STANDARD METROPOLITAN LJ STATISTICAL AREAS
.j TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW tured, running from west to east and from south to north. Interstate 35E parallels U.S. 77 to Dallas and Denton, Interstate 10 is one of the longest Interstate Highway where the routes are rejoined. Interstate 35W follows routes in the United States and is the longest segment of U.S. 81 into Fort Worth and parallels U.S. 377 from an Interstate Highway in Texas. It is one of three Inter Fort Worth to Denton. North of Denton the reunited In state routes that extend from coast to coast, the others terstate 35 follows U.S. 77 into Oklahoma. being Interstate 80 from San Francisco to New York City Interstate 37 is another Interstate Highway located and Interstate 90 from Seattle to Boston. Interstate 10 entirely in Texas. When completed, it will extend from extends from Santa Monica, California, to Jacksonville, Corpus Christi to San Antonio, a distance of 143 miles. Florida, a distance of 2,462 miles, 878 of which, or more Interstate 37 follows the route of Texas 9 from Corpus than one third of the total, are in Texas. The Texas por Christi to its intersection with U.S. 281 near Three tion of Interstate 10 extends from El Paso to Orange. Rivers, and follows U.S. 281 from there to San Antonio. Entering Texas just north of El Paso, Interstate 10 fol Of all the Interstate Highways in Texas, Interstate 40 lows the route of U.S. 80 to a point in Reeves county is probably the one least likely to be identified with the near the present junction of U.S. 80 and U.S. 290. From state. Interstate 40 extends from Barstow, California, to this junction Interstate 10 follows U.S. 290 to beyond the Smithfield (east of Raleigh), North Carolina, and forms town of Junction before turning south to San Antonio. a link in several major transcontinental routes. West of This route is north of U.S. 90, the current major route Oklahoma City, it parallels or closely follows the famous between El Paso and San Antonio, and is expected to U.S. Route 66. Only 177 miles of Interstate 40's 2,348 divert much of the traffic from U.S. 90 when Interstate miles are in Texas, just enough to cross the Panhandle 10 is completed. Between San Antonio and Houston, In through Amarillo. terstate 10 follows U.S. 90, and from Houston to Beau Interstate 45 is the longest of Texas' intrastate Inter mont its route lies south of that of U.S. 90. The two states, extending from Galveston to Dallas, a distance of basically parallel highways share a common route be 285 miles. Interstate 45 follows the route of U.S. 75 for tween Beaumont and Orange before entering Louisiana. its entire length. Between Galveston and Houston, Inter Interstate 20 is another long Interstate route with more state 45 is known also as the Gulf Freeway. Except for than one third of its mileage in Texas. It extends from a section between Buffalo and Streetman nearly all of a Junction with Interstate 10 in far west Reeves county Interstate 45 is now open to traffic. to near Florence, South Carolina (1,535 miles east), The six local urban Interstate routes in Texas include where it connects with Interstate 95, the major East two "spur" routes and four "loop" routes. These routes, Coast Interstate route. In Texas, Interstae 20 covers 630 their location, and their respective lengths, are shown miles, paralleling U.S. 80 and sharing its route for much below : of the distance. Interstate 20 serves the metropolitan URBAN INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS OF TEXAS
areas of Odessa, Midland, Abilene, Fort Worth, Dallas, Highway Location Length and Tyler. While most of Interstate 20 is already open to Interstate Spur 110 El Paso .91 miles traffic, a significant exception is the section between Dal Interstate Spur 345 Dallas 1.33 miles las and Fort Worth. Through travelers may now use the Interstate Loop 410 San Antonio 39.23 miles Dallas-Fort Worth Turnpike between these cities, al Interstate Loop 610 Houston 38.05 miles though a second route between the two cities for Inter Interstate Loop 635 Dallas 40.27 miles state 20 has been planned. Interstate Loop 820 Fort Worth 49 .40 miles• Interstate 27 is part of 1,500 miles added to the Inter • Originally planned length: 35.90 miles. 13.50 miles added by Federal state System by the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1968. Aid Highway Act of 1968. It is also one of three intercity Interstate Highways lo Evaluation of how effectively the Interstate Highway cated entirely within the state of Texas. When completed, System serves the transportation needs of Texas can be Interstate 27 will extend from Lubbock to Amarillo, and a highly subjective matter. Citizens of a community not will be about 125 miles long, one of the shorter intercity served by the Interstate System might be inclined to feel Interstate Highways. Interstate 27 follows the route of that the System is inadequate. On the other hand, com U.S. 87 between Lubbock and Amarillo. munities served by Interstate Highways seem to regard Interstate 30 is located entirely within the states of the System with a great deal of enthusiasm. While loca Texas and Arkansas, and extends from Dallas to Little tion on an Interstate Highway certainly is not an essen Rock, a distance of 318 miles, 170 of them in Texas. The tial element for community survival, most citizens regard route of Interstate . 30 is essentially parallel to that of it as advantageous. U.S. 67 between Dallas and Texarkana. The major north-south traffic artery of Texas is Inter state 35, also. one of the major north-south routes of the nation. Interstate 35 extends from Laredo, Texas, to Du luth, Minnesota, a distance of 1,571 miles, the first 504 of which are in Texas. Actually,• there are 589 miles of Interstate 35 in Texas however, since Interstate 35 is really three highways, Interstates 35, 35E, and 35W. The latter two are parallel routes through Dallas and Fort Worth respectively. Interstate 35 serves the metropolitan areas of Laredo, San Antonio, Austin, Waco, Dallas, and Rest areas on Texas Interstate Highways provide Fort Worth. It parallels U.S. 81 from Laredo to near travelers with picnic tables, rest rooms, and free Hillsboro, the dividing point for Interstates 35E and 35W. state highway maps. JANUARY 1970 Objective measurement of how well the Interstate Sys Thus, the Interstate Highways of Texas form the nucleus tem serves the people of Texas can be undertaken in of several major "corridors" of population density. A several ways. One such measurement is the percentage of summary of the Interstate Highways of Texas and the Texans residing in areas that are, or will be, reached by county population served by each is presented in the ac the System. Such a percentage can be derived only by companying table. determining a basis for classifying an area as served or Despite the relatively thorough coverage of Texas pro not served by an Interstate Highway. In all of the fol vided by the Interstate System, the Texas portion of the lowing references to percentages of population served, System fails to attain one of its original goals. The In county boundaries were used as the basis for classification. terstate System was planned to serve and connect 90 Although unsatisfactory as a classification criterion in percent of all cities of over 50,000 population. In Texas some respects, counties were chosen for a number of rea five of the state's twenty-three SMSA's (each of which sons. First, all of the population of Texas resides in one has a central city or group of cities of at least 50,000 of the state's 254 counties, while many Texans do not citizens) are not served by the Interstate System. The reside in any town or city. Second, county boundaries Texas Highway Department was successful in gaining tend to be relatively fixed and unchanging while urban 125 of the 1,500 miles added to the Interstate System in boundaries are less permanently located. Third, except 1968 to link Lubbock to the System, and attempts are in a few extreme cases, it seems fair to assume that most being made to reach Wichita Falls with an extension of of the population of any given county shares in the bene the System. If Wichita Falls is added to the System the fits associated with improved highway transportation in four remaining Texas SMSA's not reached by Interstate the county even though not all of the citizens may reside Highways would be Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, or work immediately adjacent to a particular highway. McAllen-Pharr-Edinburg, San Angelo, and Sherman-Den Statewide, although the 3,166 miles of Interstate High ison. way in Texas reach only 90 of the state's 254 counties, Another significant index of the service provided by these counties contain nearly 75 percent of the people of the Interstate Highway System is the amount of traffic Texas. Based on 1968 population estimates made by the carried by the highways. The Bureau of Public Roads Population Research Center of The University of Texas compiles statistics on the average daily traffic carried by at Austin, 8,189,600 of Texas' 10,945,000 citizens (74.83 sections of the Interstate Highway System nationwide. percent) reside in counties served by an Interstate High Average daily traffic is defined as the total number of way. Even more fully complete service is provided for vehicles of all types traveling in both directions passing the metropolitan population of the state. Only 10.48 per a given point in a 24-hour day. The average daily traffic cent of the state's metropolitan population resides in on rural mileage of the traveled way for Texas Inter metropolitan counties not served by the Interstate Sys state Highways is summarized below. Where the Inter tem, and only 7.67 percent of the metropolitan population state Highways are not complete or open to traffic, traffic lives in Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SM statistics are compiled for existing roads on the same or SA's) not served by the System. The difference is made approximately the same route. up by counties included in the state's twenty-three SM SA's but not reached by an Interstate Highway.
Texas Interstate Highways ROUTE MILES AND POPULATION SERVED
Route Population Percentage miles of of in counties state Texas served J>opulation Interstate 10 ...... 87S 3,351,700 30.62 Interstate 20 ... ··· · · · · · .. 630 2,593,800 23.70 Irrterstate 27 ...... 125 434,100 3.97 I nterstate 30 ...... 170 1,411,600 12.90 Interstate 35 .. 589 3,693,300 33.74 Interstate 37 ...... 143 1.110.000 10.14 Interstate 40 . . 177 238,300 2.18 Interstate 45 .... 285 3,182,000 29.07 Total Interstate System•...... 3,166•• 8,1 89,600 74.83 Mileposts on Interstate Highways, easily used as a * County populations were counted only once in this total, in order to navigation aid by travelers, are helpful also in dis eliminate duplication. patching assistance to motorists in need. •• Includes 169 miles of urban loop and spur routes not shown in itemized table. In general, the.-traffic on the Interstate System follows a predictable pattern related to the population of the The county populations served by the various individual area served. Translated into more readily understandable Interstate Highways reveal several interesting facts about terms, the average daily traffic of 13,980 vehicles on In the location pattern of the Texas population. Over one terstate 35 between Austin and San Antonio, a populated third (33.74 percent) of the state's population reside in area between two major cities, works out to traffic slight the 21 counties served by Interstate 35 (including Inter ly heavier than one vehicle passing a given point every states 35E and 35W). More than 30 percent of all Texans twelve and a half seconds in each direction, around the live in the 25 counties served by Interstate 10, and over clock. On the other hand, Interstate 10 west of San An 29 percent live in the 10 counties served by Interstate 45. tonio carries traffic averaging less than one vehicle in 6 TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW Texas Interstate Highways The benefits of the Interstate System do not end with 1968 AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC ON RURAL MILEAGE carrying large volumes of traffic. The Interstate High (Includes all types of vehicles in both directions) ways carry this traffic with much greater safety than do conventional roads. According to the Bureau of Public Highway section Average daily traffic Roads, the fatality rate for completed portions of the Interstate 10 between Interstate System is less than half of that for all rural New Mexico state line and El Paso. 7,880 El Paso and Interstate 20 Interchange. 3,700 highways. In 1967 the 22,000 miles of Interstate Highway Interstate 20 Interchange and San Antonio . 1,880 complete to full or acceptable standards carried 105 bil San Antonio and Houston 6,590 lion miles of travel at an indicated fatality rate of 3.15 Houston and Beaumont...... 12,510 motor-vehicle fatalities per 100 million vehicle miles. The Beaumont and Louisiana state line (Orange) ...... 16,110 Interstate 20 between fatality rate on all rural roads for the came year was Interstate 10 Interchange and Pecos. 2,390 7.6, more than twice as high. Thus if Interstate travel Pecos and Odessa. 4,780 had experienced the same fatality rate as travel on all Odessa and Midland. 5,510 rural highways about 4,700 more persons would have died Midland and Abilene. 6,450 in highway accidents. Abilene and Fort Worth. 7,260 Fort Worth and Da.llas. N.A. Not only does the Interstate System carry traffic with Dallas and Louisiana state line. 8,850 greater safety than do conventional highways, it does so Interstate 27 between at higher speeds. Vehicles move at an average speed of Lubbock and Amarillo N.A. 62 .8 miles per hour on level, straight sections of Inter Interstate 30 between state Highways, 3.8 miles per hour faster than on the Dallas and Texarkana. 6,890 Interstate 35 between average main rural road, according to a Federal High Laredo and San Antonio. 3,120 way Administration study released in April, 1969. The San Antonio and Austin...... 13,980 great time-saving factor for motorists on the Interstate Austin and Waco. . .. 10,970 System, however, is not in the higher open-road speeds Waco and Hillsboro. . ... 12,970 Hillsboro and Dallas (IH35E) . 9,300 but in the avoidance of local traffic congestion, level in Dallas and Denton (IH35E) . . . 19,920 tersections, and other problems which slow traffic on con Hillsboro and Fort Worth (IH35W). 5,590 ventional highways. Fort Worth and Denton (IH35W) . 5,140 Construction of bypass routes around smaller cities and Denton and Oklahoma state line. 7,700 Interstate 37 between towns caused a great deal of apprehension in earlier Corpus Christi and San Antonio. 3,540 years due to fears of local citizens that the economy of Interstate 40 between the communities involved would be hurt. Economic Impact New Mexico state line and Amarillo. 5,140 Studies conducted by the Texas Transportation Institute Amarillo and Oklahoma state line . 5,060 at Texas A&:V1 University indicate that the opposite has Interstate 45 between Galveston and Houston ...... 16,700 occurred. Studies made of Temple, Huntsville, Chambers Houston and Dallas. 9,100 County, and other areas served by the Interstate System have shown the effects of the highways to be beneficial Source: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Admin istration, Bureau of P ublic Roads, Office of Planning. to local economic development. The new highways in crease land values near the highway right of way, re each direction every minute and a half. The low traffic duce local traffic congestion, and free local streets for density on this section explains its lower priority with local traffic of a more profitable nature. the Texas Highway Department and its slower rate of In general, the benefits of the Interstate Highway Sys completion while other Interstate projects are completed tem more than outweigh its costs. The System has pro at a faster rate. Naturally, traffic on the urban sections moted safety, shortened distances, and improved driving of the Interstate System is much heavier than on the conditions for its users. Financed on a pay-as-you-go ba rural mileage. One point on Interstate 45, the Gulf Free sis by its users, it has aided rather than drained the way near downtown Houston, carried 146,600 vehicles general economy through its effects of reduced transpor-• per day in 1968, an average of more than 50 vehicles tation costs and stimulation of economic development. per minute in each direction around the clock. Texas, one of the leading states in motor-vehicle use, can expect to reap a large share of the benefits.
Safety f eatures of Interstate Highways shown here include divided roadways, elimination of crossing traffic, guard rails, lights, and reftectorized mark ings.
JANUARY 1970 7 as the economies of a lower land-person ratio become TEXAS CONSTRUCTION more pronounced. People will decide that the relative prices of single-unit dwellings and multiunit dwellings are November 1969 too disparate to overlook. Apartments and condominiums, William Gruben which substitute capital for land, will flourish because their cost per dweller falls far below that of detached single-unit homes. In November the value of construction permits in Texas Labor costs represent a second, and increasingly im shrank again. Such shrinkage is common as the winter portant, factor in the relative growth rates of single months progress, but the nation's credit shortage has unit residential vs. multiunit residential construction. For brought construction to an unusually low November ebb. the buyer, labor in the construction industry sustains two In the face of bad weather and scarce money, however, major disadvantages: it is scarce; what exists is in multiunit residential construction continued its climb. creasingly costly. For in the construction industry a host of factors have Although demand has risen, the labor supply in con begun to militate against construction of single-unit resi struction has remained extremely stable during the six dences to be sold to individuals. Many of these same ties. As a result, construction laborers enjoy a sellers' factors have induced increased multiunit residential con market. Indeed, one hears stories of subcontractors re struction, particularly apartment construction. Examples turning to work from lunch to find their work forces gone of this trend lie in the accompanying table, which notes -lured to new projects by higher salaries. Texas annual increase in number of dwelling units con structed. These data have been segregated according to ESTIMATED VALl:ES OF BUILDING AUTHORIZED IN TEXAS;;: residence-unit type and size of the population center where construction took place. Clearly, construction of Percent change buildings containing three or more residential units has Jan-Nov grown far more rapidly than construction of single-fam Nov Jan-Nov 1969 191>9 1969 Nov 1969 from ily dwellings. And in the three largest population cate from Jan-Nov gories-where most construction activity is concentrated Classification (thou.sands of dollars) Oct 1969 1968 -growth rates for construction of residences with three ALL PERMITS .... 136,850 2,102,969 - 2& or more dwelling units vastly exceeded those for single New construction ...... 121,358 1,873,597 - 23 units. Generally, these larger Texas SMSA's also repre Residential sent areas whose future growth rates will exceed those of (housekeeping) 68,002 950,&07 5 4 less populous areas-at least in absolute terms. If cur One-family dwellings. 31,574 506,014 - 21 - 12 Multiple-family rent trends continue, the implication of high multiunit dwellings 36,428 444,493 46 residential construction growth rates versus low single Nonresidential unit growth rates is that a tremendous predominance of buildings 53,356 923,090 - 43 22 multiunit dwellings lies in our future. Indeed, fifty years Hotels, motels, and from now most of the residents of Texas' three largest tourist courts 920 22,766 - 36 Amusement buildings. 2,962 17,287 219 34 cities will probably live in multiunit structures. Churches .... 1,427 3-0.746 - 43 - 4 One factor determining the increasing attractiveness of Industrial buildings 10,863 126,641 143 23 multiunit residences is the steady climb of land prices. Garages (commercial Urban land fetches 10-20 percent more today than it did and private) 368 12,642 - 63 -23 Service stations 1,126 16,089 - 20 a year ago. And as population increases in Texas' more Hospitals and populous cities land prices will continue to swell. The institutions 918 95,991 - 94 40 large land-person ratio that characterizes single-unit resi Office-bank buildings. 4,704 127,184 - 73 44 dences is becoming a luxury few city dwellers can afford, Works and utilities. 3,726 32,471 149 - 32 Educational buildings. 7,486 183,179 - 50 7 Stores and mercantile AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE OF CHANGE IN NUMBER OF buildings ... 17,288 195,234 lS 42 DWELLING UNITS CONSTRGCTED IN TEXAS Other buildings and INCORPORATED ARE S 1961-1968 structures .. 1,568 62,860 - 91 151 Additions, alterations, Percent change and repairs ... 15,492 229,372 - 34 2 Number of units per structure METROPOLITANt vs. NONMETROPOLITANt Three or Total metropolitan 8 Population One unit Two units more units ..... 118,665 1,877,338 - 28 Central cities 84,834 1,325,120 - 29 Non-SMSA incorporated Outside central cities. 33,831 552,218 -24 21 areas from 0 to 50,000. - 05.7 + 25.9 + 22.1 Total nonmetropolitan 18,185 225,631 3 10,000 to 50,000 SMSA's from 50,~0l population 10,842 132,770 to 100,000 - 10.5 + 20.4 - 01.S 2 Less than 10,000 SMSA's from 100,001 population 7,343 92,861 14 to 250,000 ...... - 12.0 - 14.3 + 11.4 # Only buildings for which permits were issued within the incorporated SMSA's from 250,001 area of a city are included. to 500,000 - 03.9 - 11.4 + 85.2 t Standard metropolitan statistical area as defined in 1960 Census and SMSA's of 500,001 revised in 1968. and above - 03.2 + 16.8 + 23.7 Source: Bureau of Business Research in cooperation with the Bu reau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.
8 TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW So the construction labor market is in disequilibrium. THE Bl' SINESS S!Tt:ATION Even at current high wages, demand exceeds supply. As supply and demand factors have pushed toward a new (Concluded) equilibrium the price of labor has shot beyond increases in productivity. During the 1960's the average annual Texas cities. The debits included in the measure are those increase in productivity has remained near 2 percent. of individuals, corporations, states and political subdi Meanwhile, wage rates have increased some 10-15 per visions exclusive of debits to lJ.S. government demand cent per annum. These disproportionate wage increases deposit accounts and interbank transfers. Adjusted for have induced construction firms to seek new means of price variation by the national wholesale price index, and minimizing labor. One means is modular construction. with the effects of seasonal variation identified and re The term "modular construction,'' or "modular co moved, the Texas Business-Activity Index is essentially ordination,'' implies the assembly, rather than construc an indicator of transactions and the demand for funds. tion, of basic building units at the homesite. Thus a fully The short downturn of 1967 was marked by a cyclical constructed, factory-assembled bathroom-with doors decline of the index, but decisive evidence of a turn in hung, walls intact, and bathroom fixtures attached-may the index is not apparent for the current period. The simply be transported to the site and attached into a one-month decline in November from the October level is home. On a more expansive scale, entire dwelling units approximately of the same magnitude as that experienced are built in remote construction plants, shipped to the in August 1969 from the July value. The subsequent in building site, and stacked one atop another. crease of the index in September netted an average in Modular-construction methods usually incorporate as crease in the index for the two-month period. sembly-line techniques. Many of these methods substitute Given what is apparently an increasingly institutional machines for men. Such construction "factory" operations ized rigidity of prices of factors of production and con also normally pay lower salaries to their workers than sumer prices, the effects of the economic cooling in Texas the on-site construction workers would receive. promise to be mixed. The character of the current indi It is unlikely that "industrialized" construction will cators will continue to be no less checkered in the con immediately capture the hearts of all America's construc text of broad-based fiscal and monetary policies being tion firms. The aforementioned cost factors, however, will shaped cautiously into more discriminating tools. determine that the proportion of factory-constructed dwelling units increase. Most such factory methods can INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION be applied to single-unit residences. However, these meth DURABLE MANUFACTURES, TEXAS ods have proven more economical in the construction of Ind•• Adj u1ted /o r S e e1ona/ Vari•t1on- JIJ1-J15' • 100 multiunit dwellings. In any event, repetition, the increased •so •so orientation toward modular construction, and certain ad 300 vantages inherent in multistory construction do hold mul - 2SO 2SO tiunit residential construction costs low relative to single unit costs, and will hold them even lower in the future. .. - . -- Another factor which has induced more rapid growth / in multiunit construction than with single units is the I SO ._.. 150 availability of funds for multiunit construction. Much of 100 - - 100 the current housing shortage is a function of the credit so - shortage confronting potential home buyers and contrac tors. These problems will not subside in the next few months. Credit should thaw within the next three years 1956 19l7 1951 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1'67 IHI 1969 NOTE: Shaded areal indicate period• of decline o! total bu.linen activity in the United State• . at least, and probably within the next two years. But SOURCJ:: Federal ReH.rve Sank of Dall••· even if credit becomes abundant, the circumstances sur rounding the availability of credit for multiunit resi INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION dential construction will prove more attractive than the conditions relating to credit for detached, single-unit con NONDURABLE MANUFACTURES, TEXAS / nde r Adj u 1ted for SeHon al Y• ri•tlo n - IJJ1-lfst • IOO struction. 350 r--r--r--.-.---i--r-r---r--.,....-.....,.-.,..----.-.....---. •so The sorts of credit packages possible in multiunit con 300 r---r-r----t-+--t-+--f----+-+--+-+--l--l---l 300 struction make more money available for such construc tion than for the single-unit variety. Insurance money 2SO r---r-r----t-+--t-+----,r----+-+--+-+--l--l---l ... available for mortgages is going into apartment and commercial construction because of these attractive finan 2oor---r-r----t-+--t-+----,r----+-+--+-+--+--l---l200 cial arrangements. As land, labor, and capital costs increase, tl,e differ ential between the cost of owning one's home and of liv
ing in a multiunit dwelling-usually owned by some busi so r------t--t---r-+--t~-+-----1---+-+--+-+---+--l---l so ness-will widen. Economic factors will not permit most
future urban Texans to own homes where they live. Many 19 56 1957 1951 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 196A 196.5 1966 1967 1961 1969 of these Texans will compensate for this lack by pur NOTE: Shaded •r••• indl.cue period• o! dec:llne of toul bu.• ineu acdvity in the United State• . SOURCE: Flldnal ReHl"V• Ba.nk of Dalla1. chasing vacation homes in remote areas. But the near and distant future will see increasing pressure for multi unit construction-and living-in the growing urban areas of Texas. JANUARY 1970 9 LOCAL BUSINESS CONDITIONS
Statistical data compiled by: Mildred Anderson, Constance Cooledge, and Glenda Riley, statistical assistants and Doris Dismuke and Mary Gorham, statistical technicians. Indicators of business conditions in Texas cities pub Symbols used in this table include: lished in this table include statistics on banking, building (a) Population Research Center data, April 1, 1968. permits, emplo yment, postal receipts, and retail trade. (b) Separate employment data for the Midland and An individual city is li sted when a minimum of three Odessa S:WSA's are not available, since employment figures indicators are available. for Midland and Ector Counties, composing one labor The cities have been grouped according to standard market area, are recorded in combined form. metropolitan statistical areas. In Texas all twenty-three (c) Separate employment data for Gladewater, Kilgore, SMSA's are defined by county lines; the counties included and Longview are not available, since employment figures are listed under each S:WSA. The populations shown for for Gregg County, composing one labor-market area, are the SMSA's are estimates for April 1, 1968, prepared by recorded in total. the Population Research Center, Department of Sociology, (t) Average statewide percent change from preceding The University of Texas at Austin. The population shown after the city name is the 1960 Census figure, unless month. otherwise indicated. Cities in S:\1SA's are listed alpha (tt) Average individual-city percent change from pre betically under their appropriate S:.'IISA's; all other cities ceding month. are listed alphabetically as main entries. ( r) Estimates officially recognized by Texas Highway Retail-sales data are reported here only when a mm1- Department. mum total of fifteen stores report; separate categories (rr) Estimate for Pleasanton: combination of 1960 of retail stores are listed only when a minimum of fiv e Census figures for Pleasanton and North Pleasanton. stores report in those categories. The first column presents ( *) Cash received ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF CITIES INCLUDED IN JANUARY 1970 ISSUE OF TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW Abilene (Abilene SMSA) Bonham Crane Alamo (McAllen-Pharr-Edinburir SMSA) Brady Crystal City Albany Brenham Dallas (Dallas SMSA) Alice Brownfield Dayton (Houston SMSA) Alpine Brownsville (Browns••ille·Harlingen-San Benito Decatur Amarillo (Amarillo SMSA) SMSA) Deer Park (Houston SMSA) Andrews Hryan Del Rio Angleton (Houston SMSA) Burkburnett (Wichita Falls SMSA> Denison (Sherman-Denison SMSA) Aransas Pass (Corpus Christi SMSA) Caldwell Denton (Dallas SMSA) Arlington (Fort Worth SMSA) Cameron Dickinson (Galveston-Texas City SMSA) Athens Canyon (Amarillo SMSA) Dimmitt Austin (Austin SMSA) Carrollton (Dallas SMSA> Eagle Lake Bartlett Carthage Eagle Pass Bay City Castroville Edinburg (McAllen-Pharr-Edinburg SMSA) Baytown (Houston SMSA) Cisco Edna Beaumont (Beaumont-Port Arthur-Oran~· · SMSA) Cleburne (Fort Worth SMSA> El Campo Beeville Clute (Houston SMSA~ El Paso (El Paso SMSA) Bellaire (Houston SMSA) Colorado City Elsa (McAllen-Pharr-Edinburg SMSA> Bellville Conroe (Houston SMSA) Ennis (Dallas SMSA) Belton Copperas Cove Euless (Fort Worth SMSA) Birr Spring· Co rpus Christi (Corpus Christi SMSA) Farmers Branch (Dallas !SMSA) Bishop (Corpus Christi SMSA) Corsicana Fort Worth (Fort Worth SMSA) 10 TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF CITIES INCLUDED IN JANUARY 1970 ISSUE OF TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW (continued) Frederlckobure- Llano Quanah Freeport (Houston SMSA) Lockhart Raymondville Friona Longview Refugio Galveston (Galveston-Texas City SMSA ) Los Fresnos (Brownsville-Harlinl!:en-San Benito Robstown (Corpus Christi SMSA) Garland (Dallas SMSA) SMSA) Rockdale Gatenille Lubbock (Lubbock SMSA) Geor2etO'ft'n Rosenberg (Houston SMSA) Giddinirs Lufkin San Angelo (San Angelo SMSA) Gladewater McAllen (McAllen-Pharr-Edinburl!: SMSA) San Antonio (San Antonio SMSA) Goldthwaite McCamey San Benito (Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito Graham McGregor (Waco SMSA) SMSA) Granberry McKinney (Dallas SMSA) San Juan (McAllen-Pharr-Edinburg SMSA) Grand Prairie (DaJlas SMSA) Marble Falls · San Marcos Grapevine (Fort Worth SMSA) Marshall San Saba Greenville Mercedes (McAllen-Pharr-Edinburg SMSA) Schertz (San Antonio SMSA) GroYes (Beaumont-Port Arthur-Orange SMSA) Mesquite (Dallas SMSA) Seagoville (Dallas SMSA) Hallettsville Mexia Seagra,·es Hallnille Midland (Midland SMSA) Seguin (San Antonio SMSA) Harlingen (Browns,·ille-Harlingen-San Benito Midlothian (Dallas SMSA) Seminole SMSA) Mineral Wells Sherman (Sherman-Denison SMSA) Haskell Mission (McAllen-Pharr-Edinburg SMSA) Silsbee Henderson Monahans Sinton (Corpus Christi SMSA) Hondo Mount Pleasant Slaton (Lubbock SMSA) Houston (Hou•ton SMSA) Muenster Smithille Humble (Houston SMSA) Muleshoe Snyder Hunts•·ille Nacogdoches Sonora Iowa Park (Wichita Falls SMSA) Nederland (Beaumont-Port Arthur-Orange SMSA) South Houston (Houston SMSA) ln·ino: ALPHABETICAI.; !STING OF SMSA'S AND CITIES WITHIN EACH SMSA, WITH DATA Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Conditions Percent change Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov from from Nov from from City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 ABILENE SMSA AMARILLO SMSA (Jones and Taylor; pop. 120,100 ") (Potter and Randall; pop. 177,100 •) Retail sales - 13 12 Retail sales 8 12 Automotive stores - 17 10 Apparel stores 14 4 Building permits less federal contracts $ 5,894,515 - 83 492 Automotive stores - 13 22 Bank debits (thousands) II. $ 5,161,056 - 9 7 Building permits less federal contracts 2.27,556 - 93 9 s End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 164,757 6 10 Bank debits (thousands) II. $ 1,871,244 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 32.2 10 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 94,802 6 Nonfarm employment (area). 62,700 1 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 19.2 3 2 Manufacturing employment (area) 6,400 2 1 Nonfarm employment (area). 41,350 1 3 Percent unemployed (area). 3.6 9 3 Manufacturing employment (area) 5,520 2 12 Percent unemployed (area). 2.9 16 16 AMARILLO (pop. 165,750 ') Retail sales ...... - st - 13 12 Automotive stores ...... - 5t - 17 1() Postal receipts0 $ 557,043 47 18 ABILENE (pop. 110,054 ') Building permits less federal contracts $ 5,864,215 70 545 Retail sales 5t - 8 12 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 399,887 - 17 7 Apparel stores 2t 14 4 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . $ 161,414 10 Automotive stores 5t - 13 22 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 30.8 - 20 Postal receipts"-" $ 1&4,048 - 13 6 Building permi"ts less federal contracts S 223,550 -9:?. 10 Canyon (pop. 9,296 ') Bank debits (thousands) . $ 130,887 - 15 Postal receipts* $ 10,745 - 30 - 4 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t. S 75,143 - 4 Building permits less federal contracts s 30,300 - 40 - &4 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 20.5 - 15 Bank debits (thousands) ... $ 9,00& - 9 - 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 8,442 10 11 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 13.4 - 17 For an explanation of symbols see p. 10. JANUARY 1970 11 Percent change Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Conditions Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 from from Nov from from Nov 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City and item AUSTIN SMSA ORANGE (pop. 25,605) (Travis; pop. 263,800 •) Postal receipts* $ 40,653 17 Building permits less federal contracts $ 105,708 - 51 39 Retail sales l 15 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 46,620 6 28 Apparel stores 6 11 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 30,564 Furniture and household- Annual rate of deposit turnover. 19.0 10 18 appliance stores 4 6 Nonfarm placements 141 -24 7 Building permits less federal contracts $ 5,604,596 - 73 - 75 Bank debits (thousands) II $ 8,623,788 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 284,812 2 15 PORT ARTHUR (pop. 69,271 ') Annual rate of deposit turnover. 30.5 •• Postal receipts• $ 67,484 - 10 Nonfarm employment (area) . 124,300 6 •• 'Building permits less federal contracts S 130,309 - 47 Manufacturing employment (area) 11,250 9 Bank debits (thousands) . . $ 78,713 - 19 Percent unemployed (area) . 2.3 15 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+. $ 50,99() 4 Annual rate of deposit turn~ver. 18.8 - 18 AUSTIN (pop. 250,000 ') Retail sales St 15 Apparel stores 2t 11 Port Neches (pop. 12,292 ') Furniture and household- Postal receipts• $ 12,975 - 19 - 6 appliance stores 3t 4 Building permits less federal contracts $ 34,100 - 77 424 Postal receipts* $ 902,120 1 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 16,054 - 11 Building permits less federal contracts $ 5,&04,596 - 73 - 75 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . S 6,232 2 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 730,878 5 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 30.6 - 9 •• End-of-month deposits (thousands) t $ 283,673 2 15 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 31.2 •• BROWNSVILLE-HARLINGEN-SAN BENITO SMSA (Cameron; pop. 134,900 •) BEAUMONT-PORT ARTHUR-ORANGE SMSA Retail sales ... - 9 - 8 (Jefferson and Orange; pop. 320,500 •) Apparel stores 14 Automotive stores - 17 - 13 Retail sales - 8 Lumber, building-material, Apparel stores 11 and hardware dealers . -- 23 Automotive stores - 16 5 •• Building permits less federal contracts $ 501,083 - 59 - 70 Furniture and household- Bank debits (thousands) II. $ 1,817,940 2 appliance stores 17 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 71,690 1 Lumber, building-material, Annual rate of deposit turnover . 25.2 2 and hardware dealers .. - 23 - 11 Nonfarm employment {area) . 38,650 Building permits less federal contracts $ 1,024,796 - 60 - 57 Manufacturing employment (area) 6,520 2 Bank debits (thousands) II. S 5,&08,392 - 11 4 Percent unemployed (area) . 6.S 17 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t S 239,880 4 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 23.9 12 2 Nonfarm employment (area) . 117,800 BROWNSVILLE (pop. 48,040) Manufacturing employment (area) 36,900 1 Postal receipts• . . . $ 54,528 -1 Percent unemployed (area) . 4.1 8 9 Building permits less federal contracts $ 379,90() 26 -58 Bank debits (thousands) . S 52,210 - 10 7 BEAUMONT (pop. 127,500 ') End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 29,085 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 2.2.1 - 13 8 Retail sales ...... 5t 8 3 Nonfarm placements ...... 480 - 53 - 68" Apparel stores ...... 2t 16 Lumber, building-material, and hardware dealers . 7t 17 - 18 HARLINGEN (pop. 41,207) Postal receipts• S 201,621 7 5 Retail sales - St - 3 - 7 'Building permits less federal contracts $ &00,369 - 42 - 68 Postal receipts• ...... 60,448 7 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 2.79,405 - 18 2 Building permits less federal contracts $ 46,925 - 95 - 93 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t. $ 141,036 6 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 55,779 - 16 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 24.5 - 22 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 27,82.3 - 9 •• Annual rate of deposit turnover . 22.9 - 12 Groves (pop. 17,304) Nonfarm placements 402 - 4 - 36 Postal receipts• $ 13,603 - 4 8 Building permits less federal contracts $ 49,900 - 95 - 81 La Feria (pop. 3,740 ') Bank debits (thousands) . $ 11,539 - 20 •• Postal receipts• 24 End-of-month deposits (thousar.ds) t. $ 6, 72.3 6 s 3,663 6 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 2,354 10 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 21.3 - 21 7 12 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t. $ 2,079 - 6 12 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 13.2 - 10 - 1 Nederland (pop. 15,274 ') Postal receipts• s 14,204 18 - 2 Building permits less federal contracts $ 88,41() Los Fresnos (pop. 1,289) Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 9,076 18 Postal receipts• ...... $ 3,400 110 71 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . $ 6,592 6 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 2,007 - 8 13 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ Annual rate of deposit turnover. 16.8 8 9 1,334 - 31 - 19 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 14.7 14 For an explanation of symbols see p. 10. 12 TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Conditions Percent change Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 19&9 Nov from from Nov from from City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 Sinton (pop. 6,500 ') Port Isabel (pop. 3,575) Postal receipts• $ 10,572. 26 15 Postal receipts• ...... $ 3,485 - 25 Building permits less federal contracts $ 125 - 69 Building permits less federal contracts $ 10,000 - 70 277 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 5,705 - 24 16 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 2,546 7 - 12 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 5,509 7 8 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ l,&34 •• - 2() Annual rate of deposit turnover . 12.0 - 17 12 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 18.7 47 DALLAS SMSA SAN BENITO (pop. 16,420 ') (Collin, Dallas, Denton, Ellis, Kaufman Postal receipts• $ 10,440 - 21 2 and Rockwall; pop. 1,446,100 •) Building permits less federal contracts $ &4,258 115 - 22 Retail sales - 10 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 6,608 - 18 Apparel stores 6 4 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . . $ 6,709 - 1 Automotive stores - 13 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover ... 11.8 - 17 Drugstores •• Eating and drinking places . 3 CORPUS CHRISTI SMSA Florists ...... •• 10 (Nueces and San Patricio; pop. 279,700 •) Food stores 7 Furniture and household Retail sales 5 - 6 appliance stores .. - 15 Apparel stores 2t Lumber, building-material, Automotive stores 11 4 and hardware dealers . - 22 Furniture and household- Office, store, and school- appliance stores 10 13 supply dealers - 20 29 Gasoline and service stations. 15 10 Building permits less federal contracts $27,835,183 -1& - 28 General-merchandise stores 2 18 Bank debits (thousands) II. . .$108,055,260 - 11 18 Lumber, building-material, End-of-month deposits (thousands) t $ 2,162,009 5 4 and hardware dealers. - 40 - 35 Annual rate. of deposit turnover. 51.3 - 11 14 Building permrts less federal contracts $ 1,330,284 - 60 - 55 Nonfann employment (area) . 687,500 5 Bank debits (thousands) 11. $ 4,4&3,976 •• - 11 .. Manufacturing employment (area) 173,200 •• 4 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 201,423 - 2 2 Percent unemployed (area) . 1.9 27 19 Annual rate of deposit turnover . Zl.9 - 11 2 Nonfarm employment (area). 90,900 •• Carrollton (pop. 9,832 ') Manufacturing employment (area) 11,230 1 Postal receipts• $ 29,779 - 12 17 Percent unemployed (area) . 4.2 20 11 Building permits less federal contracts $ 2,015,725 69 73 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 9,&32 - 19 - 25 Aransas Pass (pop. 6,956) End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ $ 6,162 - 8 - 4 Postal receipts• $ 6,722 - 13 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 17.9 - 14 - 24 Building permits less federal contracts $ 7,1&0 - 64 69 DALLAS (pop. 810,000 ') Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 7,292. - 26 - 19 Retail sales - 9 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . $ 6,233 10 8 6tt •• Apparel stores Annual rate of deposit turnover. 14.7 - 7 7tt 7 Automotive st;ores .. tt - 16 Bishop (pop. 4,180 ') Florists ...... 9tt •• 10 Furniture and household- Postal receipts• $ 3,834 5 2 appliance stores 9tt 10 - 21 Building permits less federal contracts $ 2,400 - 98 Lumber, building-material, Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 2,749 - 18 15 and hardware dealers. - 13tt 4 - 16 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 2,741 - 11 5 Postal receipts• $ 5,453,613 9 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 11.4 - 9 16 .Building permits less federal contracts $12,739,095 1 - 37 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 8,121,971 17 19 CORPUS CHRISTI (pop. 204,850 ') End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ l,&89,589 5 4 Retail sales 5 - 6 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 52.9 - 17 15 Apparel stores 2t •• 8 Automotive stores st - 11 2 Denton (pop. 26,844) Postal receipts• $ 299,466 - 8 Postal receipts• 78,736 - 7 •• Building permits less federal contracts $ 1,065,833 - &5 - 51 Building permits less federal contracts $ 980,740 112 203 Bank debits (thousands) . . $ 304,180 - 16 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 45,410 - 18 11 End-of-month deposits (tbousands) t . $ 156,468 - 3 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 30,975 - 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 22.9 - 15 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 17.6 - 17 14 Nonfarm placements 144 - 8 12 Port Aransas (pop. 824) Ennis (pop. 10,250 ') Bank debits (thousands) . $ 728 - 18 - 29 Postal receipts• $ 17,886 - 8 24 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 996 13 •• Building permrts less federal contracts $ 99,235 63 - 11 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 9.3 -22 - 23 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 8,167 - 16 - 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 9,885 2 5 Robstown (pop. 10,266) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 10.0 - 17 - 10 Postal receipts• $ 10,689 - 21 Building permits less federal contracts $ 42,993 21 - 93 Farmers Branch (pop. 13,441) Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ lZ,286 - 19 6 Building permits less federal contracts $ 297,679 -68 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 10,314 - 5 2 Bank debits (thousands) .. . $ 15,162 - 27 66 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 13.9 - 14 3 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 8,133 2 Sl Annual rate of deposit turnover . 22.6 - 25 16 For an explanation of symbols see p. 10. JANUARY 1970 13 Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Conditions Percent change Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 19€9 from from from Nov from Nov Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City and item 1969 Garland (pop. 66,574 ') Terrell (pop. 13,803) 99,315 - 97 Postal receipts* 91,488 - 23 - 2 Building permits less federal contracts $ 52 Building permits less federal contracts $ 2,704,060 - 46 - 38 Bank debits (thousands) . S 14,184 18 2 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 51,683 - 18 - 5 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. S 12,994 4 4 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t. $ 29,690 •• Annual rate of deposit turnover. 13.3 19 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 20.9 - 18 - 3 Waxahachie (pop. 15,720 ') Grand Prairie (pop. 40,150 ') Postal receipts• $ 22,214 30 4 Postal receipts* $ 75,300 3 - 19 Building permits less federal contracts $ 536,710 808 820 Building permits less federal contracts $ 3,532,313 36 109 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 15,831 - 22 Bank debits (thousands) . S 26,433 17 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i . $ 13,967 4 -1 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 17,556 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 13.9 - 23 - 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 18.1 18 Nonfarm placements 77 3 10 Irving (pop. 86,360 ') EL PASO SMSA Postal receipts• $ 107,107 - 11 (El Paso; pop. 343,800 •) Building permits less federal contracts $ 1,532,111 4 - 59 Retail sales - 12 Bank debits (thousands) . . S 59,475 - 23 - 5 Apparel stores 20 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . S 33,519 3 Food stores - 5 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 21.6 - 23 - 10 Building permits less federal contracts $ 8,551,768 29 76 Bank debits (thousands) II. $ 6,087,744 - 13 7 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t. $ 235,711 5 7 Justin (pop. 622) Annual rate of deposit turnover. 26.4 - 13 •• Postal receipts• $ 897 - 17 - 21 Nonfarm employment (area). 116,300 •• 4 Bank debits (thousands) S 1,009 - 21 Manufacturing employment (area) 23,250 •• 10 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+. $ 1,042 5 10 Percent unemployed (area) . 4.5 13 13 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 11.3 - 19 6 EL PASO (pop. 315,000 ') Lancaster (pop. 10,117 ') Retail sales St - 12 Building permits less federal contracts S 151,700 90 101 Apparel stores .. 2t 20 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 9,873 1 17 Food stores 7t 5 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+. $ 5,452 7 8 Postal receipts• $ 498,122 •• Annual rate of deposit turnover . 21.0 Building permits less federal contracts $ 8,551,518 30 76 Bank debits (thousands) . . . S 504,686 12 7 McKinney (pop. 16,237 ') End-of-month deposits (thousands)+. $ 244,197 11 7 Postal receipts• $ 22,413 - 17 - 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 26.1 - 16 Building permits less federal contracts $ 375,869 173 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 12,012 - 25 7 FORT WORTH SMSA End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 15,864 2 (Johnson and Tarrant; pop. 629,400 •) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 9.2 - 26 Retail sales - 13 Nonfarm placements 94 - 2 15 Apparel stores ...... 7 Automotive stores - 15 1 Mesquite (pop. 51,496 ') Eating and drinking places . - 4 8 Postal receipts• $ 37,025 - 5 16 Lumber, building-material, Building permits less federal contracts $ l,347,739 19 - 40 and hardware dealers. - 18 - 19 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 17,949 8 2 Building permits less federal contracts $14,546,842 39 -34 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . S 12,099 8 23 Bank debits (thousands) II. $2(),189,112' 2 10 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 18.5 12. - 15 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 619,473 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 33.0 5 Midlothian (pop. 1,580 ') Nonfarm employment (area) ... 291,400 2. 3 Manufacturing employment (area) 93,100 1 2 Building permits less federal contracts 0 Percent unemployed (area) . 2.4 33 14 Bank debits (thousands) . 1,647 - 20 11 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . 2,199 •• 14 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 9.0 - 19 5 Arlington (pop. 79,713 ') Retail sales Pilot Point (pop. 1,603 ') Apparel stores - 2t 5 Building permits less federal contracts $ l,900 - 84 - 96 Postal receipts• S 168,766 13 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 2,261 - 14 7 Building permits less federal contracts $ 4,279,850 18 - 26 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. S 2,632 10 2 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 93,662 - 15 13 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 10.8 - 1~ 8 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. S 47,073 3 11 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 24.3 - 15 Seagoville (pop. 4,410 ') Postal receipts• $ 9,144 - 2 - 19 Cleburne (pop. 15,381) Building permits less federal contracts $ 12,453 - 78 120 Postal receipts* $ 29,641 2 4 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 5,918 - 19 4 Building permits less federal contracts $ 35,300, -8() - 41 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 3,396 14 5 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 18,729 - 18 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 22.2 - 20 8 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+. $ 17,642 6 12 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 13.1 - 18 2 For an explanation of symbols see p, 10. 14 TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Conditions Percent change Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov from from Nov from from City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 Euless (pop. 10,500 ') TEXAS CITY (pop. 38,276 ') Postal receipts• $ 16,887 - 1 25 Postal receipts• S4,013 - 7 - 6 Building permits less federal contracts $ 126,932 - 64 - 88 Building permits less federal contracts $ 277,925 - 22 - 42 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 13;126 3 15 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 34,565 - 9 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 5,055 6 5 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 16,833 16 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 32.1 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 2&.4 - 14 6 FORT WORTH (pop. 356,268) HOUSTON SMSA Retail sales Stt Lumber, building-material, (Brazoria, Fort Bend, Harris, Liberty, and and hardware dealers . l 7tt 16 13 Montgomery; pop. 1,836,700 •) Postal receipts• S 1,362,300 - 3 Retail sales 7 8 Building permi"ts less federal contracts $ 6,111,936 48 - 51 Apparel stores •• 14 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 1,428,702 - 10 10 Automotive stores 15 8 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 529,074 Drugstores - 6 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 33.0 - 10 Eating and drinking places. - 5 2 Food stores •• 9 Grapevine (pop. 4,659 ') Furniture and household- Postal receipts• $ 8,699 - 19 - 3 appliance stores 13 10 Building permrts less federal contracts $ 62,167 - 31 - 43 Liquor stores 1 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 5,633 - 17 7 Lumber, building-material, End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 4,657 .. 2 and hardware dealers . 19 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 14.5 - 13 8 Building permrts less federal contracts $31, 72.7 ,370 - 34 - 29 Bank debits (thousands) JI . $87,229,440 11 4 North Richland Hills (pop. 8,662) End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 2,497,0£9 4 8 Building permi"ts less federal contracts $ 1,737,450 609 647 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 35.6 12 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 15,13& 27 Nonfarm employment (area). 837,900 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. 7,921 2 19 Manufacturing employment (area) 146,700 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 23.2 5 Percent unemployed (area) . 2.1 24 5 White Settlement (pop. 11,513) Angleton (pop. 9,131) $ 139,812 Building permits less federal contracts - 33 Postal receipts• 13,048 - 32 3 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 10,155 15 56 .Duilding permrts less federal contracts $ 177,93() 237 91 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 3,851 4 33 Bank debits (thousands) . S 15,239 - 18 - 12 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 32.3 - 15 18 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 13,465 - 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 14.l - 23 - 10 GALVESTON-TEXAS CITY SMSA (Galveston; pop. 168,600 •) Baytown (pop. 45,263 ') Retail sales - 6 4 Postal receipts• ...... $ 47,799 - 5 2 Apparel stores 19 1 .Building permrts less federal contracts $ 799,583 37 311 Automotive stores - 16 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 47,547 - 22 10 Drugstores - 2 - 15 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 30,632 - 3 8 Building permi"ts less federal contrads $ 438,429 - 68 - 75 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 18.3 - 19 Bank debits (thousands) 11 $ 2,421,432 •• End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . $ 102,969 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 23.4 5 Bellaire (pop. 19,872 ') Nonfarm employment (area). 60,200 2 7 Postal receipts• $ 396,406 - 17 66 Manufacturing employment (area) 11,00-0 •• 3 Building permits less federal contracts $ 8,093 - 97 - 8& Percent unemployed (area) . 3.5 13 - 30 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 42,994 - 13 3 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . 24,879 8 Dickinson (pop. 4,715) Annual rate of deposit turnover. 20.8 - 13 6 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 11,314 - 21 1 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 6,634 8 18 Clute (pop. 4,463 ') Annual rate of deposit turnover. 21.2 - 23 - 9 Postal receipts* $ 6,356 - 3 Building permits less federal contracts $ 21,2-0() 234 GALVESTON (pop. 67,175) Bank debits (thousands) . S 3,485 8 - 9 Retail sales - 5t End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . S 2,538 7 12 Apparel stores - 2t 19 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 17.0 - 12 - 16 Postal receipts• .. $ 131,853 3 Building permits less federal contracts $ 121,350 - 87 - 90 Conroe (pop. 9,192) Bank debits (thousands) . . $ 112.559 - 22 6 Postal receipts• $ 30,883 15 - 39 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 63,885 -1 6 'Building permits less federal contracts $ 135,600 149 66 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 21.1 - 21 2 Bank debits (thousands) . S 30,290 - 16 36 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t. $ 19,463 13 La Marque (pop. 13,969) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 19.0 - 17 19 Postal receipts• $ 19,155 24 21 Building permits less federal contracts $ 39,154 - 27 -32 Dayton (pop. 3,367) Bank debits (thousands) .. $ 17,426 23 Building permits less federal contracts 38,000 725 90 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 7,438 -24 Bank debits (thousands) . 4,883 - 21 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 27.4 5 57 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. 4,844 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 12.6 - 24 For an explanation of symbols see p, 10. JANUARY 1970 15 Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Cond itions Percent change Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov from from Nov from from City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 Deer Park (pop. 4,865) Rosenberg (pop. 13, 000 ') Building permi'ts less federal contracts $ 91,895 - 77 - 58 Postal receipts• ...... $ 1.4,908 - 3 12 Bank debits (thousands) . S 12,l>Ol 16 61 Building permiits less fed.era! c ontracts $ 13.5,045 56 291! End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 4,462 2. 13 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 11,454 - 1 •• Annual rate of deposit turnover . 34.0• 15 38 South Houston (pop 7,253) Freeport (pop. 11,619) Postal receipts• .. $ 12,154 - 12 - 5 Poetal receipts• ...... $ 30,49() - 2 10 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 10,293 - 16 .. Building permits less federal contracts $ 2.3,250 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t. $ 7,543 4 .. Bank debits (thousands) . $ 2:4,259 - 13 5 Annual rate of deposit turnover . . 16.7 - 14 1 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 13,572 - 6 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 20.8 - 13 3 Tomball (pop. 2,025 ') HOUSTON (pop. 938,219) Postal receipts• ...... $ 52,909 18 Building permlts less federal co ntracts $ 12,5-00 733 - 79 Retail sales .. - 2tt - 3 6 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 12,646 - 6 36 Apparel stores .. tt •• 14 End-of-month deposits (thousa nds) t . $ 7,333 - 1 4 Automotive stores 6tt - 15 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover .. .. 20.6 - 5 73 Food stores ..... 5tt - 1 Lumber, building-material, and hardware dealers . . . . 5tt - 19 s LAREDO SMSA Postal receipts• $ 4,135,861 3 13 (Webb ; pop. 79,300 ") ·Building permi"ts less federal contracts $29,248,544 - 32. - 24 Building permi"ts less federal co ntracts $ 95,800 - 94 - 58 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 6,167,298 - 22 4 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 781,260 - 12 1 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . $ Z,2ll,026 7 8 11. End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 40,182 4 5 Annual rate of deposit turnover .. 34.6 - 2.3 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover . . .. 19.& - 14 - 2 Nonfarm employment (area) ...... 25,frOO 1 2 Humble (pop. 1,711) Manufacturing employment (area) 1,59() 10 19 39 Postal receipts• ...... $ 6,442 - 14 13 Percent unemployed (area) .. 10.0 6 Building permi"ts less federal contracts $ 1, 150 229 - 98 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 7,890 - ll 27 LAREDO (pop. 71,512 ') End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . $ 5,968 •• 13 Postal receipts• ...... 66,271 6 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 15.9 - 12 . $ - Building permits less federal co ntracts $ 95,800 - 94 - 58 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 63,531 - 15 1 Katy (pop. 1,569) End-of-month deposits (thous ands)t . $ 39,700 5 5 Building permi'ts less federal contracts $ 13,700 - 76 - 8'1 Annual rate of deposi t turnover. 19.7 - 16 - 2 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 4,938 4 12 Nonfarm placements ..... 42.6 5 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 3.858 15 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 16.4 - 5 17 LUBBOCK SMSA (Lubbock· , pop. 198,600 ") La Porte (pop. 7,500 ') Retail sales ...... - 4 7 Building perm(ts less federal contracts $ 4,850 - 99 - 97 Apparel stores ...... 4 2 Bank debits (thousands) . . . . . $ 4,645 - 9 - ll Automotive stores ...... - 17 17 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 4,499 8 26 Furniture and household- Annual rate of deposit turnover. 12.9 - 10 - 26 appliance stores ...... - 5 - ll Lumber, building-material, and hardware dealers ...... 12 38 Liberty (pop. 6,127) Building permits less federal co ntracts $ 3,3.43,337 65 - 43 Postal receipts• ...... $ 10,215 - 1 - 5 Bank debits (thousands) 11 ...... $ 3,534,02.4 - 2.2 - 5 Building perml'ts less federal contracts $ 94,400 6S. 2.78 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 159,585 - 1 1 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 12,880 -23 - 15 Annual rate of deposit turnover . ... 22.0 - 21 - 5 End-of-month deposits (thousards) t . $ ll,697 - 2. - 2 Nonfarm employment (area) · · ······ 66,100 2. 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover .... 13.1 - 25 - 15 Manufacturing employment (area) 6,990 •• - 1 Percent unemployed (area) . ... 3.0 ll - 3 Pasadena (pop. 83,000 ') Poetal receipts• ...... $ 93,548 6 ll LUBBOCK (pop. 170,025 ') Building permits less federal contracts $ 547,748 - 83 Retail sales ...... - 5t - 4 7 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 91,220 - 17 7 Apparel stores ...... - 2t 4 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 47,454 2 Automotive stores ...... - Gt - 17 17 Annual rate of deposit turnover .... 23.2 - 15 Furniture and household- appliance stores ...... - St - 5 - ll Lumber, building-material, Pearland (pop. 1,430) and hardware dealers . - 7t 12 88 ...... 296, 781 Building permi"ts less federal contracts $ 2.37,000 39 Postal receipts• $ - 6 s tracts $ S,343,337 Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 6,094 - 14 7 Building permits less federal con 68 - 48 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 2.&8,1&1 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 3,957 9 3 - 17 - 5 End-of-month deposits ( thousandsli . $ 149,3-04 Annual rate of deposit turnover . .. . 19.2 - 14 14 2 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 2.3.4 - 17 - 5 For an explanation of symbols seep, 10. 16 TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Conditions Percent change Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov from from Nov from from City nnd item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 Slaton (pop. 6,568) PHARR (pop. 15,279 ') Postal receipts• $ 4,764 - 17 - 10 Postal receipts• $ 7,946 - 28 - 4 Building permits less federal contracts $ 0 Building permits less federal contracts $ 103,670 47 142 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 4,475 - 2.1 - lS Bank debits (thousands) ...... S 5,576 3 3 End-of-month deposits (thousandsH. $ 4,254 - s 1 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 5,645 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover .... 12.4 - 14 - 17 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 12.3 McALLEN-PHARR-EDINBURG SMSA (Hidalgo; pop. 177,100 •) San Juan (pop. 4,371) Retail sales . .. - 1 7 Postal receipts• ...... $ 4,868 18 15 Apparel stores 20 10 Building permits less federal contracts $ 8,100 2() 151 Automotive stores - 5 14 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 2,915 - 12 5 Food stores ...... s 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 3,300 4 2 Gasoline and service stations .. 14 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 10.8 - 16 s Lumber, building-material, and hardware dealers. 16 6 Building permrts less federal contracts $ 556,978 - 7 - 64 Weslaco (pop. 15,649) Bank debits (thousands) $ 1,446,204 II. - 11 6 Postal receipts• 16,()55 - 5 5 End-of-month deposits (thousands) $ 92,047 t . s 'Building permits less federal contracts $ 58,()65 35 - 54 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 15.8 - 10 9 Bank debits (thousands) $ 11,962 - 8 14 Nonfarm employment (area). 44,400 6 3 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 13,581 •• 10 5,810 Manufacturing employment (area) 22 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 10.S - 8 4 Percent unemployed (area). 6.8 15 MIDLAND SMSA Alamo (pop. 4,121) (Midland; pop. 65,200 •) Postal receipts• $ 48,334 - 15 68 Retail sales - 12 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 2,744 - 14 10 Building permits less federal contracts $ 217,888 5 - 17 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. · $ 1,785 - 4 4 Bank debits (thousands) II. $ 1,780,080 - 16 Annual rate of deposit turnover .... 18.6 - 10 8 •• End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 183,159 1 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 18.4 - 15 2 EDINBURG (pop. 18, 706) Nonfarm employment (area)•. 61,4.'00 •• Manufacturing employment (area)• 5,01() 5 Postal receipts• . . . $ 22,2.88 - 6 4 Percent unemployed (area Jb. 8. 7 82 19 Building permits less federal contracts $ 92,125 - 49 - 82. Bank debits (thousands) . . . $ 21,841 7 - 18 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 15,114 1 14 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 17.4 8 - 2.2 MIDLAND (pop. 62,625) Nonfarm placements .. 811 8 - 8 Retail sales - 5t 9 - 12 Postal receipts• $ 1814,943 - 18 •• Building permits less federal contracts $ 217,888 - 17 Elsa (pop. 3,847) Bank debits (thousands) . $ 188,324. - 19 •• Building permits less federal contracts $ 0 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 187,021 4 4 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 5,849 21 76 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 12.8 - 2.0 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 2,669 so l() Nonfarm placements . 687 - 3 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 27.2 21 65 ODESSA SMSA McALLEN (pop. 35,411 ') (Ector; pop. 83,200 •) Retail sales ..... - 5t - 2 17 Retail sales 7 Postal receipts• $ 52,995 4 3 Apparel stores ...... 9 6 Building permits less federal contracts $ 201,51() 15 - 75 Automotive stores 7 7 Bank debits (thousands). $ 41,877 - 12 - 18 Building permits less federal contracts $ 116,260 -72 - 88 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 31,667 l - s Bank debits (thousands) II· $ l,590,456 - 10 16 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 15.8 - 11 - 10 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 69,148 2 •• Nonfarm placements ... 832 52. 41 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 28.2 - 4 11 Nonfarm employment (area)b. 61,400 •• Mercedes (pop. 11,843 ') Manufacturing employment (area)• 5,()10 1 Percent unemployed (area)b. 3.7 32 19 Building permits less federal contracts $ 85,401 - 72; 6 Bank debits (thousands). $ 7,915 - 10 12 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 5,12.1 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 18.7 - 9 18 ODESSA (pop. 80,338) Retail sales st 7 Apparel stores ...... 2t 9 & Mission (pop. 14,081) Automotive stores st 7 7 Postal receipts• $ 18,818 - 10 4 Postal receipts• ...... $ 12(),895 •• l 'Building permits less federal contracts $ 2.2,750 - 8() 37 "Building permits less federal contracts $ 116,260 - 72 -88 Bank debits (thousands)...... $ 13,579 - 13 - 20 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 112,207 - 19 5 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 11,029 - 3 - 9 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 77,718 - 4 18 Annual rate of deposit turnover .... 14.5 - 11 - 16 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 17.() - 16 - 11 Nonfarm placements 736 - l 13 For an explanation of symbols see p. 10. JANUARY 1970 17 Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Conditions Percent change Nov 1969 Nov Hi69 Nov 1969 Nov 196ll Nov from from Nov from from City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 SAN ANGELO SMSA SHERMAN-DENISON SMSA x (Tom Green; pop. 75,200 •) (Grayson; pop. 80,500 •) - 11 Retail sales - 9 Retail sales - 6 - 3 Apparel stores - 5 5 Apparel stores - 19 Building permits less federal contracts $ 659,815 94 184 Automotive stores - 10 441,833 - 2.8 - 72 Bank debits (thousands) II. $ 1,180,884 6 Building permits less federal contracts $ 988,980 4 9 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+. $ 69,04Z 7 Bank debits (thousands) II. $ Annual rate of deposit turnover. 17.2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) :j: . $ 61,871 2 7 Nonfarm employment (area). 23,800 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 15.8 Manufacturing employment (area) 3,780 5 Percent unemployed (area) . 3.7 28 DENISON (pop. 25, 766 ') Postal receipts• $ 36,238 - 9 1Building permits less federal contracts $ 111,320 - 53 16 SAN ANGELO (pop. 58,815) Bank debits (thousands) . $ 31,585 2 19 Retail sales - 5t 9 - 5 End-of-month deposits (thousands) :j: . $ 20,607 - 3 Apparel stores - 2t Annual rate of deposit turnover . 18.1 Postal receipts* $ 153,167 16 Nonfarm placements 179 - 14 11 Building permits less federal contracts S 659,815 94 184 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 90,451 -16 6 End-of-month deposits (thousands) :j:. $ 69,870 7 SHERMAN (pop. 30,660 ') Annual rate of deposit turnover. 15.6 - 16 Postal receipts* $ 53,629 4 10 Building permrts less federal contracts $ 314,813 12 - 79 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 47,783 15 10 SAN ANTONIO SMSA End-of-month deposits (thousands) :j: . $ 33,050 •• 18 (Bexar and Guadalupe; pop. 837,100 ") Annual rate of deposit turnover. 17.4 17 - 6 Retail sales - 1 Nonfarm placements 166 - 3 - 74 Apparel stores 12 Automotive stores - 11 Eating and drinking places. 2 1 TEXARKANA SMSA General-merchandise stores 30 10 (Bowie, Texas, and Miller, Ark; pop. 100,000 §) Lumber, building-material, Retail sales - 7 2 and hardware dealers. 9 2 Building permits less federal contracts $ 362,&50 29 508 Building permits less federal contracts $ 6,835,497 9 39 Bank debits (thousands) II. $ 1,330.368 - 12 Bank debits (thousands) II. $15,989,436 End-of-month deposits (thousands) :j: $ 70,2.82 4 •• End-of-month deposits (thousands) :i: . s 579,297 2 101 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 19.3 11 - 11 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 27.4 2 Nonfarm employment (area). 43,050 - 3 Nonfarm employment (area) . 283,700 t,:¢ Manufacturing employment (area) 13,800 2 - 12 Manufacturing employment (area) 31,050 Percent unemployed (area). 3.9 15 50 Percent unemployed (area) . 4.3 10 13 TEXARKANA (pop. 50,006 ') Retail sales ...... - 5t - 7 - 3 SAN ANTONIO (pop. 726,660 ') Postal receipts• . . $ 90,195 - 28 - 5 Retail sales ltt Building permfts less federal contracts $ 353,150 32 492 Apparel stores Stt 12 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 100,261 - 18 - 13 Eating and drinking places. 4tt 2 1 End-of-month deposits (thousands) :j: . $ 57,532 •• General-merchandise stores 11 tt 30 10 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 21.1 - 19 - 12 Lumber, building-material, and hardware dealers. - 16tt 9 Postal receipts• $ 1,350,034 3 2 TYLER SMSA Building permits less federal contracts $ 6,498,171 9 47 (Smith; pop. 99,100 •) Bank debits (thousands) . $ 1,200,981 ~ 11 3 Retail sales - 20 End-of-month deposits (thousands) :i:. $ 561,902 2 Apparel stores - 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 25.6 - 11 Building permits less federal contracts $ 765,422 - 30 - 58 Bank debits (thousands) II. $ 2,012,700 - 12 End-of-month deposits (thousands) :j: . $ 94,741 6 Schertz (pop. 2,867 ') Annual rate of deposit turnover. 21.8 11 1 Postal receipts• $ 2,862 - 10 14 Nonfarm employment (area). 37,200 2 2 Building permits less federal contracts $ 113,2-00 Manufacturing employment (area) 10,430 1 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 654 - 14 11 Percent unemployed (area) . 2.6 24 13 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 1,153 - 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 6.7 - 12· TYLER (pop. 51,230) Retail sales - 5t - 20 6 Seguin (pop. 14,299) Apparel stores - 2t 2 Postal receipts• $ 147,801 - 10 4 Building permits less federal contracts $ 81,450 - 34 - 49 iBuilding permits less federal contracts $ 664,422 1 - 63 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 17,836 - 15 9 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 149,741 - 17 End-of-month deposits (thousands) :j: . S 18,780 8 End-of-month deposits (thousands):\:. $ 85,179 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 11.5 - 16 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 21.5 - 16 1 Nonfarm placement.s 413 - 12 21 For an explanation of symbols see p. 10. 18 TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Conditions Percent change Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov from from Nov from from City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City and itcm 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 WACO SMSA Burkburnett (pop. 7,621) (McLennan; pop. 148,400 •) Building permits less federal contracts $ 49,077 95 S2 Bank debits (thousands) . . $ Retail sales - 9 - 7 7,056 - 19 16 Automotive stores - 21 - 12 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t $ 5,133 1 Building permits less federal contracts $ 703,068 - 13 - 26 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 16.3 - IS 17 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 2,S90,788 12 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 114,366 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 22.7 10 Iowa Park (pop. 5,152 ') Nonfarm employment (area) . 59,600 Building permits less federal contracts $ 19,408 - 70 538 Manufacturing employment (area) 12,750 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 3,412 17 6 Percent unemployed (area) . 4.5 18 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 3,813 3 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 10.6 15 8 McGregor (pop. 4,642) Building permi"ts less federal contracts $ 14,500 480 303 WICHITA FALLS (pop. 115,340 ') Bank debits (thousands) . $ 4,419 - 13 - 13 Retail sales st - 4 - 19 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 7,940 Postal receipts" $ 161,304 - 4 - s Annual rate of deposit turnover. 6.7 - 12 - 11 Building permits less federal contracts $ 254,142 - 95 51 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 146,S04 - 21 10 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ WACO (pop. 103,462) 98,067 1 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 18.0 - 19 6 Retail sales ,, - 9 - 7 Automotive stores St - 21 - 12 Building permits less federal contracts $ 671,568 - 14 - 27 LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY Bank debits (thousands) . $ 192,310 - 17 (Cameron, Willacy, and Hidalgo; pop. 326,800 •) End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. $ 100,981 - 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 22.8 - 15 2 Retail sales St - 5 1 Apparel stores 2t 19 9 Automotive stores St - 11 WICHITA FALLS SMSA Drugstores 2t 6 (Archer and Wichita; pop. 132,200 •) Food stores 7t 3 Retail sales - 4 - 19 Gasoline and service stations !St 9 Building permits,less federal contracts $ 322,627 - 93 - 42 Lumber, building-material, Bank debits (thousands) 11- $ 2.111,784 - 15 - 10 a nd hardware dealers. 7t 6 - 17 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 113,143 Postal receipts• $ 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 18.6 - 12 7 ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF NON-SMSA CITIES, WITH DATA ALBANY (pop. 2,174) ANDREWS (pop. 13,450 ') Building permits less federal contracts $ () Postal receipts• ...... $ 10,S52 7 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 3,286 6 Building permits less federal contracts $ 66,100 1 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 4,415 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 7,468 9 10 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 9.0 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 6,631 10 - 16 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 12.8 - s 22 ALICE (pop. 20,861) Postal receipts• .. $ 23,206 - 8 - 4 iBuilding permits less federal contracts $ 66,064 - 53 - 28 ATHENS (pop. 10,260 ') Bank debits (thousands) . $ 42.S32 2 92 Postal receipts• $ 19,124 18 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 22,0'73 5 - 7 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 14,123 l& Annual rate of deposit turnover . 23.7 106 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 13,080 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 13.2 - 14 ALPINE (pop. 4, 740) Postal receipts• $ 7,104 - 2'7 14 BARTLETT (pop. 1,540) Building permits less federal contracts $ 25,80() 49 29 Postal receipts0 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 4,762 - 13 - 7 $ 1,500 - 20 - 8 Bank debits (thousands) End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 6,110 - 2 $ 1,050 - 29 - 14 •• End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . Annual rate of deposit turnover. 9.3 - 15 - 7 $ 1,925 - 3 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 6.4 - 27 - 18 For an explanation of symbols see p. 10. JANUARY 1970 19 Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Conditions Percent change Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov from from Nov from from City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 BAY CITY (pop. 11,656) BRYAN (pop. 33,141 ') Postal receipts0 $ 19,731 -20 - 18 Postal receipts* $ 47,365 - 2 9 Building permits less federal contracts $ 86,000 79 362 Building permits less federal contracts $ 654. 786 - 55 - 43 Bank debits (thousands) $ 22,343 - 15 6 Bank debits (thousands) $ 56,802 - 17 End-of-month deposits· (thousands)* $ 29,297 - 5 - 5 End-of-month deposits (thousands)*. $ 35,05S 4 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 8.9 - 13 - 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 19.9 17 Nonfarm placements 35 - 53 - 41 Nonfarm placements 2.68 BEEVILLE (pop. 13,811) CALDWELL (pop. 2,204 ') receipts.:. $ 3,68-0 - 12 Postal receipts(! $ 16,475 - 28 - 7 Postal (thousands) . 3,435 - 17 Building permits less federal contracts $ 113,124 173 616 Bank debits $ End-of-month deposits (thousands)* $ 5,049 Bank debits (thousands) $ 16,654 - 11 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 8.2 - 17 End-of-month deposits (thousands)* . $ 16,S45 3 •• Annual rate of deposit turnover. 12.0 - 12 13 Nonfarm placements 78 - 33 CAMERON (pop. 5,640) Postal receipts(I $ 6,694 - 20 37 BELLVILLE (pop. 2,218) Building permits less federal contracts $ 13,42.0 72.. Bank debits (thousands) . $ 6,792 - 19 - 12 Building permi"ts less federal contracts $ 1,200 End-of-month deposits (thousands)*. $ 7 ,2.81 5 Bank debits (thousands) $ 6,195 37 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 11.5 - 20 - 17 End-of-month deposits (thousands)* . $ 6,789 ** '11 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 10.9 - 2 22 CARTHAGE (pop. 5,262) Postal receipts* $ 8,707 - IS I (pop. ··············· - BELTON 10,000 ') Building permits less federal contracts $ 92,000 91 333 receiptsi) Postal 14,046 5 - 4 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 4,426 - 19 20 Building permits less federal contracts $ 111,000 6 317 End-of-month deposits (thousands>* . $ 4,174 - 4 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 11,772 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 12.5 - 17 16 BIG SPRING (pop. 31,230) CASTROVILLE (1,800 ') Postal receipts CRYSTAL CITY (pop. 9,101) GEORGETOWN (pop. 5,218) Building permi:ts less federal contracts $ 60,915 3 Building permiits Jess federal contracts $ 48,457 - 83 - 37 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 5,102 2 14 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 6,410 - 24 9 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 3,340 11 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 7,995 - 3 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 18.3 G Annual rate of deposit turnover. 9.5 - 22 3 DECATUR (pop. 3,563) GIDDINGS (pop. 2,821) Building permits less federal contracts $ 24,360 - 38 Postal receipts* $ 5,937 - 7 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 5,207 - 12 12 Building permits less federal contracts S 23,550 - 63 11 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 5,551 2 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 5,796 - 15 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 11.4 - 12 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+. $ 6,63J 7 10 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 10.9 - 18 3 DEL RIO (pop. 23,290 ') GLADEWATER (pop. 5,742) Postal receipts* $ 22,304 - 14 - 3 Postal receipts• $ 6,6&2 - 11 - 8 Building permits less federal contracts $ &8,610 13 - 53 Building permits less federal contracts $ 26,710 - 47 - 48 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 17,169 - 11 •• Bank debits (thousands) . S 6,426 - 16 21 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 19,827 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ $ 5, 122 - 3 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 10.4 - 12 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 14.8 - 10 16 Nonfarm employment (area)'· 35,500 •• 2 DIMMIIT (pop. 4,500') Manufacturing employment (area) c 10,050 •• Bank debits (thousands) . $ 20,714 - 23 17 Percent unemployed (area) c. 2.7 8 10 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 7,922 - 15 13 Annual rate of deposit turnover .. 28.9 - 18 27 GOLDTHWAITE (pop. 1,383) Postal receipts• $ 3,985 - 1 - 3 EAGLE LAKE (pop. 3,565) Bank debits (thousands) . S 5,35& - 22 •• Bank debits (thousands) . $ 4,988 - 16 17 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+. $ 4,101 - 3 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+. $ 5,959 - 8 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 15.4 - 21 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 9.6 - 14 10 GRAHAM (pop. 9,326 ') Postal receipts• $ 12,629 EAGLE PASS (pop. 12,094) - 12 9 Building permits less federal contracts $ 23,150· - 42 Building permi:ts less federal contracts $ 102,513 - 11 30 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 11,474 - 16 Bank debits (thousands) . $ (':¢ 10,008 35 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 11,210 4 4 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+. $ 5,478 2 11 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 12.5 - 16 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 22..2 - 4 23 GRANBURY (pop. 2,227) EDNA (pop. 5,038) Postal receipts* $ 10,525 111 Postal receipts• $ 7,769 - 7 28 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 3,360 5 10 Building permi HONDO (pop. 4,992) KIRBYVILLE (pop. 2,021 ') Postal receipts• $ 4,414 - 30 17 Postal receipts• $ 5,438 - 22 -1 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 2,720 - 22 Building permits less federal contracts $ 43,500 - 76 198 7 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . S 5,141 - 1 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 5,328 - 2 31 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 6.3 - 24 - 14 End-of-month deposits (thousands) i. $ 4,940 t,:f.: 11 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 12.9 - 2 21 LAMESA (pop. 12,438) Postal receipts• $ 16,599 - 6 HUNTSVILLE (pop. 11,999) Building permits less federal contracts $ 12,800 194 Postal receipts• $ 25,928 - 2.4 - 10 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 17,892 6 - 18 Building permits less federal contracts $ 49,5-00 - 74 - 56 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 19,153 2 - 5 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 18, 734 - 25 - 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 11.3 - 18 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . . $ l&,437 & 12 Nonfarm placements 55 - 40 - 15 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 14.1 - 24 - 10 LAMPASAS (pop. 5,670 ') JACKSONVILLE (pop. 10,509 ') Building permits less federal contracts $ 64,500 1 772 Postal receipts• $ 41,171 42 Bank debits (thousands) . S 9,592 13 Building permits less federal contracts $ 27,900 - 74 - 47 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. S 8,904 •• Bank debits (thousands) . $ 22,968 9 18 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 12.9 16 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ $ 13,022 6 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 20.5 6 LEVELLAND (pop. 12,073 ') Postal receipts• $ 17,220 - 11 - 18 JASPER (pop. 5,120 ') Building permits less federal contracts $ 88,41>0 90 15 Postal receipts'' $ 13,197 - 9 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 16,0 11 - 24 - 30 Building permits less federal contracts $ 63,900 176 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 12,287 4 - 27 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 13,502 14 - 11 Annual rate .of deposit turnover. 15.9 - 26 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 10,047 - 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 16.1 13 - 12 LITTLEFIELD (pop. 7,236) Postal receipts• $ 10,243 14 JUNCTION (pop. 2,514 ') Building permits less federal contracts $ 23,000 820 - 54 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 8,106 - 16 - 10 Building permits less federal contracts $ End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 9,400 - 12 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 2,359 -- 30 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 10.5 - 16 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 4,366 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 6.6 - 30 LLANO (pop. 2,656) Postal receipts• $ 4,583 - 16 - 9 KARNES CITY (pop. 3,000 ') Building permits less federal contracts S 0 Building permits less federal contracts 136,000 239 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 5,914 - 15 12 Bank debits (thousands) . 4,865 - 14 24 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . S 5,403 •• 8 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ 4,640 - 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 13.2 - 15 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 10.8 - 14 15 LOCKHART. (pop. 6,084) KILGORE (pop. 10,500 ') Postal receipts• $ s.{17 - 12 - 1 Building permits less federal contracts $ 2,495 - 82 - 96 Postal receipts* $ 19,113 - 3 2 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 6,487 - 26 - 5 Building permits less federal contracts $ 47,065 18 - 44 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 8,410 - 2 Bank debits (thousands) ...... $ 15,683 9 •• Annual rate of deposit turnover . 9.2 - 26 - 7 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 14,619 - 3 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 12.9 7 13 LONGVIEW (pop. 52,242 ') Nonfarm employment (area) c . 35,5-00 2 Postal receipts• $ 89,169 - 7 4 Manufacturing employment (area) c 10,050 2 Building permits less federal contracts $ 213,000 - 63 - 69 Percent unemployed (area) c . 2. 7 8 - 10 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 85,952 - 6 KILLEEN (pop. 30,400 ') End-of-month deposits (thousands) t $ 49,843 3 - 10 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 20.4 8 8 Postal receipts• $ 54,378 - 1 Nonfarm employment (area)• . 35,500 •• 2 Building permits less federal contracts $ 164,2.94 - 64 Manufacturing employment (area) c 10,05-0 •• 2 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 33,990 11 Percent unemployed (area) c. 2.7 - 10 End-of-month deposits (tbousands) + $ 20,937 25 65 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 21.6 - 10 - 24 LUFKIN (pop. 20,756 ') Postal receipts• ...... 45,877 - 8 KINGSLAND (pop. 1,200 ') Building permits less federal contracts 310,975 358 18 Postal receipts• $ 2,110 - 28 76 Nonfarm placements 60 67 - 22 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 2,726 - 16 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 1,857 - 5 17 McCAMEY (pop. 3,375 ') Annual rate of deposit turnover . 17.2 - 14 - 14 Postal receipts• 4,023 8 Bank debits (thousands) . 2,124 9 KINGSVILLE (pop. 31,160 ') End-of-month deposits (thousands) t 1,983 •• 6 Postal receipts• $ 29,018 - 22 18 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 12.8 - 2 9 Building permits less federal contracts $ 478,986 35 284 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 19,581 - 6 19 MARBLE FALLS (pop. 2,161) End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 20,886 •• Bank debits (thousands) . $ 3,753 - 39 29 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 11.2 - 13 13 End-of-mo~th deposits (thousands>:. $ 3,908 24 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 11.6 - 36 For nn explanation of symbols see p, 10. 22 TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Conditions Percent change Nov 1969 Nov 191'9 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov from from Nov from from City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City a nd item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 MARSHALL (pop. 29,445 ') PAMPA (pop. 24,664) Building permits less federal contracts S 138,513 - 42 - 64 Postal receipts• $ 32,813 - 16 Bank debits (thousands) . . .. $ 24,615 - 20 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 34,407 - 18 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ S 34,990 3 10 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . S 25,028. 2 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 8.6 - 22 13 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 16.7 16 Nonfarm placements 157 - 35 - 48 Nonfarm placements 101 14 MEXIA (pop. 7,621 ') PARIS (pop. 20,977) Postal receipts• $ 8,662 - 7 7 Postal receipts• $ 36, 156 - 3 Building permits less federal contracts S 35,150 30 12 Building permits less federal contracts S 122,830 - 52 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 7,698 16 3 40 Nonfarm placements End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 6,834 3 151 - 37 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 13.7 15 PECOS (pop. 15,592 ') MINERAL WELLS (pop. 11,053) Postal receipts• $ 12,887 - 22 Postal receipts• $ 32,527 - 1 7 Building permits less federal contracts S 23,949 - 48 Building permits less federal contracts $ 39,625 - 75 - 27 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 21,817 - 7 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 26,449 - 19 4 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 12,596 8 2 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 18,606 10 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 21.6 - 12 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 17.5 - 24 11 Nonfarm placements 75 17 23 Nonfarm placements ...... 79 - 10 MONAHANS (pop. 9,476 ') PLAINVIEW (pop. 21,703 ') Postal receipts• $ 36,831 Postal receipts• $ 11,286 1 - 1 - 10 Building permits less federal contracts $ 69,900 Building permits less federal contracts $ 3,600 - 87 - 68 14 52 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 40,918 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 10,619 - 14 - 12 - 35 - 2.4 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+. S 28,290 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 8,274 3 2 - 15 Annual rate of deposit turnover. Annual rate of deposit turnover. 15.6 - 17 - 15 17.5 - 36 15 Nonfarm placements 207 6 •• MOUNT PLEASANT (pop. 8,027) Postal receipts• $ 13,272 - 25 - 6 PLEASANTON (pop. 5,053 ") Building permits less federal contracts $ 31,752 - 53 - 28 Building permits less federal contracts $ 65,700 71 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 16,339 15 9 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 5,116 18 •• End-of-month deposits (thousands) t S 11,842 4 14 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 4,878 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 16.9 15 1 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 12.7 - 20 MUENSTER (pop. 1,190) QUANAH (pop. 4,570 ') Postal receipts• $ 1,888 - 11 - 2 Building permits less federal con tracts S 3,0-00 - 78 Postal receipts• $ 5,498 - 5 - 7 Bank debits (thousands) . S 3,478 - 16 Building permits less federal contracts $ 376,000 996 Bank debits (thousands) . S End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 2,842 6 5,677 - 1 •• $ Annual rate of deposit turnover . 14.7 - 14 7 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . 6,114 14 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 10.3 2 10 MULESHOE (pop. 4,945 ') Bank debits (thousands) . 12,831 - 30 7 RAYMONDVILLE (pop. 9,385) End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . 12,024 - 4 Postal receipts• $ 8,072 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 12.6 - 37 12 Building permits less federal contracts $ 33,500 21 - 21 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 8,740 12 NACOGDOCHES (pop. 18,076 ') End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 10, 533 - 9 - 6 Postal receipts• $ 44,894 30 2.4 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 9.5 - 7 2 Building permits less federal contracts S 142,189 - 76 - 69 Nonfarm placements 51 31 16 Nonfarm placements 37 - 49 12 REFUGIO (pop. 4,944) NEW BRAUNFELS (pop. 15,631) Postal receipts• $ 7,387 44 ·Building permits less federal contracts S 213,794 17 - 72 Building permits less federal contracts $ Bank debits (thousands) . $ 17,051 - 19 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 6,581 23 10 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 19,63& End-of-month deposits (thousands) t. S 9,019 - 11 - 12 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 10.6 - 18 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 8.2 15 15 OLNEY (pop. 4,200 ') ROCKDALE (pop. 4,481) Building permits less federal contracts $ 14,000 100 Postal receipts• $ 6,977 - 9 18 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 5,594 - l& Building permits less federal contracts $ 5,350 - 79 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 4,998 .. 4 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 6,43Z - 22 9 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 13.4 - 15 8 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 6,133 - 1 PALESTINE (pop. 15,950 ') Annual rate of deposit turnover. 12.5 - 24 - 20 Po"tal receipts• $ 20,128 4 14 Building permits less federal contracts $ 111,075 53 100 SAN MARCOS (pop. 17,500 ') Bank debits (thousands) . $ 17,527 - 11 6 Postal receipts• ...... $ 20,366 - 46 - 5 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . $ 19,938 •• Building permits less federal contracts $ 1,462,480 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 10.5 - 11 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 20,822 - 13 28 Nonfarm placements 51 - 52 13 End-of-month deposits (thousands) t . S 14,883 4 7 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 16.5 - 7 18 For an explanation of symbols see p, 10. JANUARY 1970 23 Local Business Conditions Percent change Local Business Conditions Percent change Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov 1969 Nov from from Nov from from City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 City and item 1969 Oct 1969 Nov 1968 SAN SABA (pop. 2,728) SWEETWATER (pop. 13,914) Postal receipts* $ 3,165 - 41 - 30 Postal receipts* $ 15,708 - 8 Building permits less federal contracts $ 8,025 2.49 - 46 Building permits less federal contracts $ 30,550 &87 Bank debits (thousands) . S 7,186 - 22 3 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 14,800 12 - 3 End-of-month deposits (thousands)t . S 6,294 8 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ $ 12,339 16 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 14.2 - 23 8 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 14.3 11 - 14 Nonfarm placements 89 - 18 SEAGRAVES (pop. 2,307) Building permrts less federal contracts $ 14,259 TAHOKA (pop. 3,600 ') Bank debits (thousands) $ II. 2,349 - 21 Building permits less federal contracts S 0 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 2,237 - 10 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 3,984 11 - 18 Annual rate of deposit turnover . - 19 13.0 17 End-of-month deposits (thou.sands) t . S 7,109 z •• Annual rate of deposit turnover . 6.8 11 - 19 SEMINOLE (pop. 5,737) Postal receipts* $ 5,618 -- 24 8 TAYLOR (pop. 9,434) Building permits less federal contracts $ 26,100 18 Postal receipts* $ 14,062 15 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 8,163 26 - 9 16 Building permits less federal contracts $ 47,510 86 End-of-month deposits (thou.sands)+ . S 5,853 - 24 - 27 - 72 $ 12,245 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 14 .4 33 13 Bank debits (thousands) . - 28 End-of-month deposits (thou.sands)+ 2.4,946 - I Annual rate of deposit turnover. 5.8 - 27 SILSBEE (pop. 8,447 ') Nonfarm placements 19 - 24 - 37 Bank debits (thousands) $ 9,041 17 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 9,&05 4 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 11.1 9 TEMPLE (pop. 34, 730 ') Retail sales St - I Furniture and household- SMITHVILLE (pop. 2,935 ') appliance stores at - 26 17 Postal receipts* $ 3,427 - 5 2 Postal receipts>:: $ 72,080 10 19 Building permits less federal contracts $ 2,500 - 3 - 50 Building permits less federal contracts $ 1.378,611 - 55 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 2,08& - 24 Bank debits (thou.sands) $ 56,479 - 7 10 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+. $ 3,029 7 Non farm placements 185 - 23 - 16 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 8.5 - 25 SNYDER (pop. 13,850) UVALDE (pop. 14,000 ') Postal receipts• $ 13,351 - 8 Postal receipts" $ 15,552 - 20 - 5 Building permits less federal contracts $ 23,266 - 20 - 67 Building permits less federal contracts $ 2,000 - 98 - 97 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 19,627 - 11 6 Bank debits (thousands). $ 14,590 5 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 11.612 2 End-of-month deposits (thous»nds) + $ 19,384 10 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 20.5 - 12 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 8.8 SONORA (pop. 2,619) VERNON (pop. 13,385 ') Building permits less federal contracts $ Postal receipts• $ 12,312 - 27 - 24 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 3,012 - 5 - 18 Building permits less federal contracts $ 2.0,500 94 - fA End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 5,280 11 Bank debits (thou.sands) . $ 18,075 - 10 - 18 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 7.2. - 10 - 15 End-of-month deposits (thou.sands) t . S 23,831 :';(I Annual rate of deposit turnover. 9.1 - 18 Nonfarm placements 54 - 41 ~EPHENVILLE (pop. 7,359) Postal receipts• $ 17,375 24 51 Building permits less federal contracts $ 161,450 72 10 VICTORIA (pop. 37,000 ') Bank debits (thousands) . $ 12,983 - 22 5 Retail sales - St - 3 •• End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 12,944 4 12 Postal receipts• $ 64,408 5 Annual rate of deposit turnover. 12.3 - 23 - 2 Building permits less fed~ral contracts $ 168,550 - 41 - 18 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 95,332' •• •• STRATFORD (pop. 2,500 ') End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 103,468 Annual rate of deposit turnover . 11.1 - 4 Postal receipts* $ 3,052 - 9 - 20 Nonfarm placements 360 - 18 - 21 Building permits les~ federal contracts $ 2,300 - 95 - 95 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 16,493 14 20 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ $ 6,914 13 WEATHERFORD (pop. 9,759) Annual rate of deposit turnover . 28.6 9 10 Postal receipts* $ 17,174 - 11 - 4 Building permits less federal contracts $ 90,735 - 50 55 SULPHUR SPRINGS (pop. 12,158 ') End-of-month deposits (thou.sands)+ $ 19,688 7 Postal receipts* $ 23,817 21 6 Building permits less federal contracts $ 143,350 129 - 36 Bank debits (thousands) . $ 23,422 4 11 YOAKUM (pop. 5,761) End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ 19,306 4 5 Postal receipts• $ 25,&65 - 5 •• Annual rate of deposit turnover . 14.8 6 7 Building permits less federal contracts $ 105,300 390 End-of-month deposits (thousands)+ . $ 10,999 14 For an explanation of symbols see p, 10. 24 TEXAS BUSINESS REVIEW BAROMETERS OF TEXAS BUSINESS (All figures are for Texas unless otherwise indicated.) ~ll indexes are based on the average months for 1957-1959 except where other specification is made; all except annual mdexes are adjusted for seasonal variation unless otherwise noted. Employment estimates are compiled by the Texas Em ployment Cc;>mmission in cooperation with the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor. The symbols used below impose qualifications as indicated here: "-preliminary data subject to revision; r-revised data; #-dollar totals for the calendar year to date; §-dollar totals for the fiscal year to date; t-employment data for wage and salary workers only. Year-to-date average Nov Oct Nov 1969 1969 1968 1969 1968 GENERAL BUSINESS ACTIVITY Texas business activity (index) ...... 234.2* 278.7' 223.4 250.9 217.8 Wholesale prices in U.S. (unadjusted index) .. 114.5* 114.0' 109.6 112.7 108.6 Consumer prices in U.S. (unadjusted index) ...... 130.5 129.8 123.4 127.4 120.9 Income payments to individuals in U.S. (billions, at seasonally adjusted annual rate) . $ 766.9* $ 763.7* $ 711.5' $ 745.0 $ 684.8 Business failures (number) ...... 44 43 26 31 36 Business failures (liabilities, thousands) . $ 17,226 $ 1,043 $ 1,221 $ 7,201 $ 3,319 Newspaper linage (index) ...... 111.6 116.4 122.2 123.4 122.8 Sales of ordinary life insurance (index) . 246.2 270.5 242.9 239.8 225.2 TRADE Ratio of credit sales to net sales in department and apparel stores ...... 63.0* 62.0* 64.9' 61.2 61.2 Ratio of collections to outstandings in department and apparel stores 30.8* 31.8* 33.1' 30.3 31.4 PRODUCTION Total electric-power use (index). 255.9* 249.9* 230.4' 251.1 223.2 Industrial electric-power use (index)...... 228.3* 222.4* 207.8' 220.9 198.7 Crude-oil production (index)...... 114.5* 115.0* 107.3 113.6 113.0 Average daily production per oil well (bbl.) . 16.0 15.9 14.7 15.6 15.4 Crude-oil runs to stills (index) .. 134.7 136.2 125.3 138.3 131.5 Industrial production in U.S. (index) . 171.1 * 173.1* 167.5' 172.3 164.4 Texas industrial production-total (index) ...... 178.7* 180.1* 166.6' 173.5 165.1 Texas industrial production-total manufactures (index) .. 203.0* 203.7* 188.2' 196.9 186.3 Texas industrial production-durable manufactures (index) 223.8* 227.0* 202.2' 219.4 199.9 Texas industrial production-nondurable manufactures (index) . 189.1 * 188.l* 178.9' 182.0 176.4 Texas industrial production-mining (index) 128.3* 130.9* 123.1' 126.3 125.1 Texas industrial production-utilities (index) 262.3* 262.3* 232.0' 249.3 217.2 Urban building permits issued (index) . 160.6 182.2 228.9 186.7 177.0 New residential building authorized (index) ..... 149.9 122.6 201.8 148.8 157.9 New nonresidential building authorized (index) . 169.8 269.7 247.9 247.4 203.8 AGRICULTURE Prices received by farmers (unadjusted index, 1910-14=100) . 270 261 249 264 248 Prices paid by farmers in U.S. (unadjusted index, 1910-14=100) 377 376 359 372 354 Ratio of Texas farm prices received to U.S. prices paid by farmers 72 69 69 71 71 FINANCE Bank debits (index). 268.2 317.7 244.9 283.0 236.6 Bank debits, U.S. (index) . 328.6 330.1 295.8 318.5 274.3 Reporting member banks, Dallas Federal Reserve District Loans (millions) $ 5,970 $ 5,959 $ 5,720 $ 6,056 $ 5,372 Loans and investments (millions) . $ 8,450 $ 8,458 $ 8,337 $ 8,641 $ 7,896 Adjusted demand deposits (millions) . $ 3,368 $ 3,280 $ 3,411 $ 3,335 $ 3,198 Revenue receipts of the state comptroller (thousands) . $276,124 $219,391 $232,905 $ 231,750 $ 204,674 Federal Internal Revenue collections (thousands) $472,794 $814,811 $431,808 $2,629,328§ $2,212,939§ Securities registrations-original applications Mutual investment companies (thousands) . $ 18,535 $ 55,620 $ 32,450 $ 108,645§ $ 111,545§ All other corporate securities Texas companies (thousands) . $ 12,374 $ 9,827 $ 56,217 $ 35,515§ $ 103,229§ Other companies (thousands) $ 28,560 $ 32,982 $ 24,145 $ 87,071§ $ 86,361§ Securities registrations-renewals Mutual investment companies (thousands) . $ 25,393 $ 33,368 $ 54,079 $ 111,293§ $ 109,611§ Other corporate securities (thousands) . $ 1,704 $ 802 $ 1,756 $ 2,754§ $ 2,073§ LABOR Total nonagricultural employment in Texas (index) . 146.2* 145.4* 140.7 144.2 137.4 Manufacturing employment in Texas (index) . 152.6* 152.8* 148.0 150.4 145.8 Average weekly hours-manufacturing (index) . 100.3 100.2* 100.1 100.6 100.9 Average weekly earnings-manufacturing (index) . 148.2* 148.2* 140.7' 144.4 138.5 Total nonagricultural employment (thousands) . 3,632.4* 3,610.4* 3,497.5' 3,564.7 3,399.8 Total manufacturing employment (thousands) . 739.0* 739.5* 716.6' 728.9 706.6 Durable-goods employment (thousands) . 419.7* 421.2* 399.1' 414.7 394.8 Nondurable-goods employment (thousands) . 319.3* 318.3* 317.5' 314.2 311.8 Total civilian labor force in selected labor-market areas (thousands) 3,372.4 3,330.9 3,222.2 3,355.1 3,166.2 Nonagricultural employment in selected labor-market areas (thousands) 3,197.5 3,173.4 3,050.7 3,130.4 2,998.7 Manufacturing employment in selected labor-market areas (thousands) ...... 631.0 626.1 608.0 620.7 598.3 Total unemployment in selected labor-market areas (thousands) ...... 99.2 82.7 90.3 90.9 85.5 Percent of labor force unemployed in selected labor-market areas 2.9 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.7 >c 8 cti' rn =l'J :j ~ :z: ~..... c 8 < 0 RECENT PUBLICATIONS l'J l'J '>j I>< :,; ti' > rn c rn ~ rn PETROLEUM ACCOUNTING LECTURE SERIES _, ~ 00_, z 0 rnl'J Edited by E. D. Bennett "' '>j rn 8 Studies in Accounting No. 3 l'J 1:i I>< rn > ~ Seven of the thirteen lectures presented in the ~etroleum rn accounting course offered to seniors in the petrolum and-man- > 1!5 8 agement program and to accounting majors at The University = of Texas at Austin have been made available by E. D. Bennett, > formerly professor of accounting at The University of Texas crn 8 at Austin and now professor of accounting and associate dean z of the College of Business Administration at Texas A&M University. This collection of lectures is the third publication in the Studies in Accounting series published by the Bureau of Busi- ness Research. 145 pp. $3.00 Texas residents add 4.25-percent sales tax. CHANGING STANDARDS FOR GUIDING MONETARY POLICY by A. James Meigs No. 2 (1968-1969) in the Richard J. Gonzalez Lecture Series f:r:j :s: tLl ;.t:>· c Dr. A. James Meigs, who delivered the Gonzalez lecture for 0 en the 1968-1969 academic year, is vice president of the First ~trJ I-'• National City Bank of New York in charge of the Money • !J Market Section of the Economics Department. He has been t-3 (!) economist of the New York Stock Exchange, business econo- t-< I\) en mist of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, and an assist- l\)rJl ant professor of economics at the University of Alabama. ~+:-go This lecture presents a discussion of the effect of monetary H policies on the economy and of the two main guides to mone- t-t (I) tary policy-the use of interest rates, which are price meas- 0 ures; and the use of monetary aggregates, such as money sup- () ply, bank reserves, and the monetary base. I-'• This lecture series of the Graduate School of Business at The p.J University of Texas at Austin was named in honor of Richard ~ J. Gonzalez, a former faculty member of the Department of (I) Economics of The University of Texas at Austin and an out- () standing business leader in the state. I-'· rn :,; l"l l'J 17 pp. (!) C'l 8 50 cents ~ 0 c z :,; Texas residents add 4.25-percent sales tax. Cl t:I (!) z 6 :,; s;: l'J Bureau of Business Research 1:-i rn D µ. rn c l'J j o' '"d rn The University of Texas at Austin 1-j 0 8 l rn l'J ~ ~ t:I Cl l'J '"d > ""t:I > 8 c> ~ ~ 8 l'J I>< >rn