Language Ecology and Language Planning in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
LANGUAGE ECOLOGY AND LANGUAGE PLANNING IN CHIANG RAI PROVINCE, THAILAND Simmee Oupra B.A. (English) Chiang Mai University, Thailand M.Ed. (TEFL) Chiang Mai University, Thailand Dip. (Research in Education) Edith Cowan University, Australia Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Linguistics Department of Linguistics Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Adelaide, Australia January, 2009 REFERENCES Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, Section 30 (1997). Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, Section 30 (2007). Abnett, W. B., & Cassidy, R. B. (2002). China's WTO accession: the road to implementation. (No. 3 NBR special Report). Seattle Washington: The National Bureau of Asian Research. Abraham, C. (2007). West knows best. NewScientist, 35-37. Akha Foundation. (2004). Annual report 2004 (Annual Report). Chiang Rai, Thailand: Akha Foundation. Albrecht, G., Freeman, S., & Higginbotham, N. (1998). Complexity and human health: the case for a transdisciplinary paradigm. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 22, 55-92. Amery, R. (2000). Warrabarna Kaurna!: reclaiming an Australian language. Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger. Anatole-Roger, P., & Ritpen., S. (1997). Chiang Tung: its way of life. Chiang Mai; Thailand: Dao computer Graphic. Anderson, B. (1983). Imagined communities: reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. London: Verso. Anderson, B. (1998). The spectre of comparison: nationalism, Southeast Asia and the World. New York: Verso. Andressen, C. (1995). A social geographic overview of ethnic minorities in Southeast Asia. In D. Myers (Ed.), The Politics of Multiculturalism in the Asia/Pacific. (pp. 21-40). Darwin; Australia: Northern Territory University Press. Anonymous. (2006a, 13 February). Jeen naai “nikom ut Chiang Khong” dern krueng erd baai nah ha ti 20 000 rai jow long toon nai sor por por Lao (China fed up with sluggish “Chiang Khong industrial estate” in search of 20 000 Rai land for investment in Laos). Matichon, www.matichon.co.th/prachachart/prachachart_detail.php?s_tag=02phu 01130249&day=01132006/01130202/01130213. Viewed 13 May, 2007. Anonymous. (2006b, 27 July). Phraraatchadumrut somdet phrathep nueng nai wun pasa thai haeng chaat (Her highness Princess Sirindhorn's speech on the occasion of Thai National Language Day). Matichon, www.matichon.co.th/matichon/matichon_detail.php. Viewed 30 July, 2007 Anonymous. (2006c, 5 January). Prachao lan tue in Chiang Saen. Siang Seri Paap (Independence News), p. 2. 392 Antaseeda, P. (2002, 1 December). Blasting the mighty mekong. Bangkok Post, www.earthisland.org/map/ltfrn_108.html. Viewed 15 July, 2007. Archavanitkul, K. (2006, 14 May). Kwam samkun khong punha kwam pen thai tit taang mai haeng jintanagarn (2), (The significance of ‘the problem of being Thai’: a new perspective (2)). Isra Institute, Thai Press Development Foundation. Isranews, http://www.isranews.org/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=vi ew&id=855&Itemid=47&lang=. Viewed 27 February, 2008. Archavanitkul, K., Wajanasara, K., & Siangdung, H. (2007, November 2005). Kwam runrang lae kwam taai pai tai nayobaai rath: goranee saam jungwat chai daen paak tai (The violence and death under the government policy: the case of the southern three provinces). http://www.ipsr.mahidol.ac.th/content/home/ConferenceII/Article/ Article12.htm. Viewed 9 March, 2007. Arya, G. (2005a, 10 May). Bilingual education: key to goal of unified South. The Nation, p. 2. Arya, G. (2005b, 4 May). Gothom: language remains a crucial issue for deep South. The Nation, p. 2. Arya, G. (2005c, 11 August). Unity in diversity: cultural identity in the South. The Nation, http://www.nationamultimedia.com. Viewed 4 October, 2005. Arya, G. (2005d, 18 May). Unity in diversity: education to suit local needs in the South. The Nation, p. 2. Asian Centre for Human Rights. (2005, 29 August - 2 September). Beyond gender: illegal laws, ethnicity, armed conflicts and trafficking. Paper presented at the 13th workshop of the Framework on regional cooperation for the promotion and protection of human rights in the Asia Pacific region., Beijing, Peoples Republic of China. Assawayingtaworn, S. (2002). A study on Thai and Aq Kaq Cultural Integration Process of Aq Kaq Students in Elementary School: A Case Study of Aq Kaq Students at Pamee Village, Maesai District, Chiang Rai Province. Unpublished M.Ed. Thesis, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok. Baer, H. A. (1990). Biocultural approaches in medical anthropology: a critical medical anthropology commentary. Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 4(3), 344-348. Baker, C., & Phongpaichit, P. (2005). A History of Thailand. Singapore: Cambridge University Press. Balasegaram, M. (2001, 29 August). Analysis: South-East Asia's Chinese. BBC News, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1514916.stm. Viewed 14 November, 2006. Barlow, J. J. (2006, 30 September). Chiang Rai Guide. http://www.chiangraiprovince.com/guide/. Viewed 30 September, 2006. 393 Belcher, T. (1999). Australia joins disease surveillance network. ANU Reporter, 30(3), 1. Bell, R. T. (1976). Sociolinguistics: Goals, Approaches and Problems. London: Batsford. Bellwood, P. (1999). South East Asia before history. In N. Tarling (Ed.), The Cambridge history of South East Asia (Vol. 1, pp. 55-136). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Benedict, P. K. (1975). Austro-Thai: Language and Culture with a Glossary of Roots. New Haven, Connecticut: HRAF Press. Blanchard, W. (1958). Thailand: Its People Its Society Its Culture. New Haven, Connecticut: HRAF Press. Boonkamyueng, S. (Ed.). (2006). Karn kah chai dan jeen Thai ton tai (Border trade between southern China and Thailand), in ekkasarn prakorb karn fuek obrom chut tee 1: settagit karn muang lae sang khom wattanatham jeen (Articles on "China's Economics, Politics, and Culture" from different sources collected as readers for seminar participants who were executives administrators at Chiang Rai Rajabhat University). Chiang Rai, Thailand: Photocopy prints. Boonmuang, P. (2003). Luk Pasa Lanna (Lanna Grammar) (1st ed.). Chiang Rai, Thailand: Siam kosana lae garnpim. Bowtell, B. (1996, 31 July). AIDS conspiracy theory misses mark. The Australian, p. 10. Bradley, D. (1989). Identity: the persistence of minority groups. In J. McKinnon & W. Bhruksasri (Eds.), Highlanders of Thailand. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press. Bradley, D. (1996a). Southwestern Dai as a lingua franca. In S. A. Wurm, P. Mühlhäusler & D. T. Tryon (Eds.), Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas. (Vol. 2, pp. 779-781). Berlin; New York: Mouton de Gruyter. Bradley, D. (1996b). Yunnanese Chinese. In S. A. Wurm, P. Mülhäusler & D. T. Tryon (Eds.), Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas. (Vol. 2, pp.785-786). Berlin; New York: Mouton de Gruyter. Bradley, D. (2007). Languages of mainland South-East Asia. In O. Miyaoka, O. Sakiyama & M. E. Krauss (Eds.), The Vanishing Languages of the Pacific Rim (pp. 302-336). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Brewer, J. D. (2000). Ethnography. Philadelphia: Open University Press. Briggs, L. P. (1949). The appearance and historical usage of the terms Tai, Thai, Siamese and Lao. Journal of American Oriental Society., 69(2), 60-73. Buderi, R., & Huang, T. G. (2007). Guanxi: Microsoft, China and Bill Gates' Plan to the Road Ahead. London: Arrow books. Bun, C. K., & Kiong, T. C. (1993). Rethinking assimilation and ethnicity: the Chinese in 394 Thailand. International Migration Review, 27(1), 140-168. Burutpat, S., Sujaritluck, D., & Srijumpa, S. (1997). Ngarn wijai paasasart nai prathet Thai (Linguistics Research in Thailand). Bangkok: Thailand National Research Committee. Callen, M. (1990). AIDS: the linguistic battlefield. In C. Ricks & L. Michaels (Eds.), The State of the Language. London: Faber and Faber. Cameron, D. (2002). Language: diversity in danger. Critical Quaterly, 44(4), 135-139. Cameron, D., Frazer, E., Harvey, P., Rampton, B., & Richardson, K. (1993). Ethics, advocacy and empowerment: issues of method in researching language. Language & Communication, 13(2), 81-94. Campbell, R. (1986). Teak-Wallah: The Adventures of a Young Englishman in Thailand in the 1920s. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Capra, F. (1992). The Tao of Physics: An Exploration of the Parallels Between Modern Physics and Eastern Mysticism. (3rd ed.). London: Flamingo. Carbaugh, D. (1989). Fifty terms for talk: a cross-cultural study. In S. T. Toomey & F. Korzenny (Eds.), Language, Communication, and Culture. California: Sage. Casino Jr., V. J. D. (2004). (Re)placing health and health care: mapping the competing discourses and practices of “traditional” and “modern” Thai medicine. Health & Place, 10, 59-73. Charoenma, N. (1982). The phonologies of a Lampang Lamet and Wiang Papao Lua. The Mon-Khmer Studies Journal, 11, 35-45. Charoenmuang, T. (1995). When the young cannot speak their own mother tongue: explaining a legacy of cultural domination in Lan Na. In V. Grabosky (Ed.), Regions and National Integration in Thailand, 1892-1992. (pp. 82-93). Wiesbaden, Germany: Harrassowitz. Charoenmuang, T. (2006, 1 December). Puwa CEO: jaak wun wan tueng wun nii (The CEO Governor: from yesterday to today). Matichon Sudsupda (Matichon Weekly), 27, 33-36. Chiang Khong District Office. (2005). Amphoe Chiang Khong, changwat Chiang Rai: ekkasarn banyaai saroop sapaab thua pai amphoe Chiang Khong nueng nai okaat karn dern taang ma truaj yiam amphoe Chiang Khong khorng phuwarajakarn changwat Chiang Rai nai