Annualreport2012

AnnualReport2012

www.ewi.info

Building trust between the emerging and developed worlds.

Advancing solutions to promote stability, growth and sustainability. AnnualReport2012

National Center for the Performing Arts, Beijing. 2 Chairman's Letter 4 President's Report 6 Who We Are 10 AnnualReport2012 Strategic Trust-Building 12 Regional Security 18 Economic Security 24 Cybersecurity 30 Publications and Outreach 36 The Year in Pictures 40 The Year in Numbers 47 Our Donors 48 Our People 50

3 Chairman's Letter

Making the world a safer and better place is not simply a slogan at EWI, it is what we do.

ost of us are engaged in help- dinator for the U.S.-China Sanya ing further the work of hos- Dialogue. Our spring meeting was Mpitals, universities and other hosted by the United States Naval charities. Few of us, however, have For 32 years, Academy and led to serious discus- the opportunity to be engaged in a the EastWest sions on a range of significant issues. truly strategic organization that has The importance of the process was played a role in helping address some Institute has underscored in December when of the major problems of our time. a team of American senior retired For 32 years, the EastWest Institute been known generals, as part of the Sanya Dia- has been known to those who govern to those who logue, traveled to Beijing and became around the world as an independent, the first foreigners to meet the new trusted player providing thought govern around leadership of the Central Military leadership and mobilizing resources Commission. to work on some of the most critical the world as an issues facing the international com- independent, In addition to our work with China, munity. EWI continued to bridge major pow- trusted player ers like Russia and India with the U.S., I am proud to share some of the the European Union and Japan. EastWest Institute’s significant ac- providing complishments in 2012. thought In July we launched a significant partnership with the 20-20 Investment This past year we were able to signifi- leadership Association. Formerly known as the cantly deepen our work on strategic Russell 20-20 Association, this im- trust-building between China and the and mobilizing pressive organization of 35 pension United States. Our ongoing political resources to funds and money managers from process of engaging leaders from the around the world controls over $8 Communist Party of China with their work on some trillion of investment funds. EWI was Democratic and Republican counter- pleased to help organize the success- parts is the foundation of that work. of the most ful working trip in October by 20-20 The meetings in Washington, Salt critical issues members to Turkey and Erbil in the Lake City, Denver, Colorado Springs Kurdish Regional Government area and the United States Air Force facing the of Iraq. There are enormous possibili- Academy of important individuals ties for collaboration between the from both countries are the latest international 20-20 Investment Association and examples of these efforts. community. EWI to make a difference in global challenges such as food, water and Our work in China was bolstered energy issues. by EWI’s new role as the U.S. coor-

4 Building on several years of work, we In 2012 the institute welcomed accelerated our efforts to protect cy- Ambassador Dr. Beate Maeder- berspace in 2012. Our 3rd Worldwide Metcalf, loaned to us by the German Cybersecurity Summit in New Delhi, diplomatic service for three years as India represented a milestone for Ambassador-at-large, Vice President EWI, attracting strong representation for Regional Security and director of from a part of the world that is critical EWI’s Brussels center. Ambassador to our success. We greatly benefited Maeder-Metcalf is already provid- from our partnership with the high- ing key leadership to EWI, including est levels of Indian government and directing our flagship Abu Dhabi business. Process. Our special thanks goes to Ambassador Guenter Overfeld, who The institute had two productive held Ambassador Maeder-Metcalf’s board of directors meetings this EWI continues titles from 2009 to 2012, and is now year—the first in Scotland thanks to the German ambassador to Mali. the generosity of Louise Richardson, to bridge major Principal and Vice-Chancellor of the powers like We also deeply appreciate the gener- University of St Andrews, and our osity of the donors to EWI led by the second meeting in the fall in San China, Russia very special Dr. Kathryn W. Davis who Francisco, made special by the gener- recently died at age 106. She kept up ous intervention of EWI Director John and India with with great regularity on EWI’s proj- Hurley and a close friend of EWI, the U.S., the ects and accomplishments. That kind John Gunn. of enthusiasm and solidarity is what European Union makes this institution very special. The members of the board and I are deeply grateful to our remark- and Japan. We look forward to another high- able team of men and women from impact year in 2013 and hope that around the world who make this you will be part of what we do and important work happen. I would accomplish. particularly like to single out a true friend, former EWI Chairman and Co- Chairman Francis Finlay who played Sincerely, a critical role in EWI’s success for the past two decades. I also thank our CEO John Edwin Mroz for his vision and tireless work. His stewardship of EWI has been a significant reason for Ross Perot, Jr. our many successes. Chairman of the Board

5 President's Report

In 2012, EWI made a major push to expand our network, which included bold steps to broaden the communities of interest with whom we need to work to effect positive change.

otwithstanding the gloomy We worked to regularize our engage- predictions for the world at ment with key military players. The Nthe start of 2012, the past year cornerstone of that development represented an important year of was the opportunity EWI was given growth and impact for the EastWest This to take responsibility for the United Institute. Our job is to make this States’ side of the U.S.-China Sanya world a safer and better place and groundbreaking Dialogue between retired senior to do so in ways that can be mea- military leaders. The full-scale spring sured. Our full-time staff of about alliance Sanya meeting hosted by the U.S. 50 is strengthened by a large global between a Naval Academy and the follow-up network of values-based “can do” December session, where we were women and men around the world. global given the rare opportunity to talk In 2012, EWI made a major push to at length with members of China’s expand our network, which included think-and-do Central Military Commission, laid a bold steps to broaden the communi- institution strong foundation for the success of ties of interest with whom we need to this work. Special thanks to new do- work to effect positive change. working directly nors Hank Greenberg and the Starr Foundation as well as the MacArthur The most dramatic was our formal with one of Foundation, who have joined the linking to the global institutional the more China-U.S. Exchange Foundation and investment community. On July 1, Ross Perot, Jr., in making the ongoing EWI launched its special relation- important military program a reality. ship with the “20-20 Investment Association”—a 20-year-old effort global Our launching of EWI’s nextgen ef- founded as the Russell 20-20 As- investment fort to engage the best and bright- sociation with about 35 members est minds globally of the under-30 constituting some eight trillion USD groupings generation began to show serious of investment funds. This ground- promise—as was evident in the breaking alliance between a global holds enormous strong response to our global essay think-and-do institution working di- promise. contest and the significant rise of rectly with one of the more important our Facebook and Twitter followers. global investment groupings holds One of the lessons of that work is the enormous promise. need to develop intergenerational opportunities for collaboration between the nextgen group with the current

EWI Chairman Emeritus Francis Finlay, Chairman Ross Perot, Jr. 6 and President and CEO John Mroz. power establishment (the 30- to leaders. The media impact of our 65-year-old group) and the elders. cyber summit was far greater than Up until her recent death at the age we anticipated. The progress of our of 106, philanthropist Kathryn Davis Abu Dhabi Process on Afghanistan, continued to deliver sage advice, Pakistan and their neighbors was suggesting we find practical ways underscored in the 9th Worldwide to engage those who are 75 and Security Conference EWI convened over. She was right. Expanding the in Brussels. As the description in network means learning new ways this report explains, an enormous to collaborate to influence and effect amount of intense discussions and change. planning took place at this annual More than 300 event and was made possible in 2012 2012 saw an EWI-wide effort to learn leaders from by the generous support of Francis from and create relationships with Finlay. the top leaders and institutions in the 22 countries food, water and energy fields as we EWI released a number of insightful prepared to launch the Food, Water worked reports this year with major input and Energy Nexus Program in the together for from global experts. Two examples spring of 2013—the newest compo- of particular relevance as the 2014 nent of our Economic Security Initia- three days troop withdrawal deadline for tive. We concluded our first major Afghanistan draws near are: India private sector partnership agreement in EWI’s first and Pakistan’s Energy Security: Can focused on research cooperation major event Afghanistan Play a Critical Role? and with Fidelity Investments. in India. Women and Post-2014 Afghanistan. One of the highlights of our year was Our work could not have succeeded the 3rd Worldwide Cybersecurity as it has without the leadership of Summit, convened in New Delhi in our board of directors. Our Chairman October. More than 300 leaders Ross Perot, Jr. is a remarkable leader from 22 countries worked together respected by the staff and generous for three days in EWI’s first major with his time, counsel and support. event in India. As a result of that suc- Our Vice Chairman Armen Sarkis- cess, EWI will broaden our involve- sian and the board of directors is a ment with India in 2013, connecting model of what a not-for-profit board with both private and public sector should be like. The “collective IQ”

7 of our board from all corners of the Yu our Finance and Oliver Senft the world is a supreme advantage for HR function. All of these colleagues EWI in our rapidly changing, hyper- constantly remind me that the real connected world. Congratulations to power of EWI is its very special staff our “Director of the Year” Zuhal Kurt who report to them. These women of Turkey. And very special thanks to and men are indeed the backbone of a dear friend, former Chairman of the EWI. Board Francis Finlay. At a gala dinner in the historic 16th century Great Special thanks are also due to those Hall of Edinburgh Castle in June, EWI Special thanks who stood up and met the Ross and celebrated Francis’ long tenure as Sarah Perot matching gift campaign co-chairman and chairman of the to all as we late in the year. Kudos to all of our board. Francis joins a prominent list enter 2013, donors and friends who invested of former chairmen, which includes their time and resources to help EWI George Russell, Jr., Donald Kendall, which will be an in 2012. I wish to personally thank Sr., Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher, the members of the President’s Whitney MacMillan and co-founder exciting year of Advisory Council for their enormous Ira D. Wallach. more change effort as exemplified by the selfless leadership of General Harry Raduege, Our staff is a remarkable group of and progress Leland Russell, Martha Bejar, Tullio professionals. Their dedication, Cedraschi and Cenk Aydin. Our experience and ability to listen and toward our goal alumni remain a potent force. We are learn are deeply valued by the board of making this indeed fortunate to have the degree and me. Special acknowledgement of inspired cooperation from so many is paid to Chief Operating Officer a safer and talented individuals. Special thanks Jim Creighton as well as to our to all as we enter 2013, which will be program leaders Ambassador Beate better world. an exciting year of more change and Maeder-Metcalf—recently loaned to progress toward our goal of making EWI by the German Foreign Office this a safer and better world. for three years, David Firestein and Karl Rauscher. We welcome back to EWI Greg Austin as professorial fellow and head of our new Policy Innovation Unit. Andrew Nagorski John Edwin Mroz leads our Public Affairs work; Andrew President and CEO

John Edwin Mroz at EWI's 3rd Worldwide Cybersecurity Summit in New Delhi. 8 28 2012 in Numbers major events on 3 continents 6 breakthrough More than 4 policy reports Nobel laureates 80 spoke at EWI reports on events EWI activities by prominent international media outlets 253,329 More than unique online readers of 500 EWI publications meetings with decision makers from across 21,946 the globe subscribers to EWI newsletters 533,000 unique visitors to EWI websites 43,000 hits on busiest day for EWI Facebook page

25 languages 12,600 spoken in viewed minutes on EWI offices EWI YouTube channel

9 The 80s We were there when the Wall stood. A fiercely independent organization with strong links to policymakers, EWI built trust between leaders on both sides of the Iron Curtain. In 1984, EWI hosted the first ever military-to- military dialogue meetings between NATO and the Warsaw Pact countries, among other steps to help end the Cold War. "This is more than a think tank—this is an institution that you call in when you want The 90s something to We were there when the Wall fell, change." and localized conflicts erupted across Eastern Europe. From the Hans-Dietrich Balkans to Russia, EWI worked Genscher to bring economic stability, foster Former German entrepreneurship and establish cross Foreign Minister border initiatives to promote regional and Vice cooperation. From Kaliningrad to Chancellor Belgrade, several of our strongest initiatives became independent NGOs that still operate today.

"I am a big fan of the EastWest Institute; I consider it to be a national asset."

James L. Jones "What has distinguished the Former U.S. National EastWest Institute from others Security Advisor in the field is its track record of combining fresh ideas with practical follow up, which actually makes them useful to those who govern."

George H.W. Bush The New Former U.S. President Millennium We were there when the towers fell. Extending our geographic engagement, we worked to counter violent extremism, address cybersecurity, and build strategic trust between China, Russia, India and the West. In 2010, EWI launched the Abu Dhabi Process on Afghanistan and Pakistan, and 2011 saw the birth of our Economic Security Initiative

From top left: Hans-Dietrich Genscher; EWI’s founding board members: John Edwin Mroz, Barbara Thomas, Ira Wallach, Michael Neiditch, Mitchell I. Sonkin, 10 Harold Saunders, Charles Muller; EWI Board Members with the former President of the Czech Republic Vaclav Havel; Henry Kissinger, George H.W. Bush and Helmut Kohl; Chinese Minister Wang Jiarui, John Mroz and James L. Jones; 1st Worldwide Cybersecurity Summit, Dallas 2010. Who We Are

EWI strives to nagivate the ever-changing landscape of global risks and threats.

s the EastWest Institute enters "For the past cant impact in making cyberspace its fourth decade, its goal and the real world more stable and Aof building cooperation and three decades, secure. An EWI-organized delegation forging real solutions to daunting of Afghan Parliamentarians, two- international problems continues to EWI has been thirds of whom were women, visited be as relevant as it was at its found- known for its Brussels, meeting with officials from ing. EWI’s mission is to provide an some of the most prominent Euro- arena where key leaders, policy mak- foresight and pean institutions. They emphasized ers and ground-breaking innovators that women’s rights cannot be used deliver a roadmap for achieving a skill to identify as a bargaining chip with the Taliban safer and more secure tomorrow. emerging issues, at this critical juncture in their country’s history. Our global team, which is based in bring together New York, Brussels, Moscow and EWI strives to navigate the ever- Washington, works on some of the key stakeholders, changing landscape of global risks most challenging issues of our day, brainstorm and and threats by convening unofficial including the ever-expanding threats Track 2 and semi-official Track 1.5 to cybersecurity; the changing design practical meetings, which take place around dynamic of Southwest Asia and Af- the world and help build the trust ghanistan, especially as the United solutions, while necessary to find common ground States and NATO troops prepare for remaining between countries with different their 2014 withdrawal; and the often interests and agendas. The institute contentious relationships among sensitive to also provides a platform for public major powers such as the United discourse, always emphasizing the States, China and Russia. specific needs of need for international cooperation diverse regions even in—and especially in—periods In 2012, for example, EWI coordi- dominated by intense friction. nated a series of meetings between and able to high-level officials from the Chinese Trust-building is at the heart of Communist Party (CPC) and senior find a balance what EWI is all about. Building Democrats and Republicans, as well between often relationships across borders are key as American private sector leaders elements for progress in all areas. in Utah, Colorado and Washington contradictory Although the world has changed D.C. On the cybersecurity front, dramatically over the last 30-plus more than 300 participants from 22 interests of years, what has remained the same countries heard from experts across different actors.” is the institute’s commitment to the globe at EWI’s 3rd Worldwide serving as a global change agent Cybersecurity Summit held in New network. It seeks both to forge Delhi. Breakthrough groups pro- solutions to seemingly intractable duced concrete recommendations Martti Ahtisaari problems and to strengthen the for industry and government that, NOBEL LAUREATE relationships that are most critical if implemented, would have signifi- FORMER EWI CHAIRMAN to peace and growth.

11 Strategic Trust-Building

The year 2012 was marked by increased tensions between the United States and China and the United States and Russia on a broad range of issues—Syria, Iran, North Korea, the U.S. pivot to Asia, maritime disputes, human rights and cybersecurity. Remarkably, those tensions played out against the backdrop of an unprecedented confluence of elections and leadership transitions in all three countries.

Minister Wang Jiarui, head of the International Department of the Communist Party of 12 China’s Central Committee at the United States Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs. Strategic Trust-Building

13 ollowing U.S. congressional pas- “The discussion Asia, as maritime disputes worsened sage of a bill named after Sergei between China and its regional neigh- FMagnitsky, a Russian lawyer killed was marked by bors. Tensions also flared between in pre-trial detention, and Russia’s the United States and China over the angry response, U.S.-Russia relations candid exchanges growing crisis in Syria, trade, cyberse- descended to a low point not seen unlike any we've curity and human rights. since at least 2008, if not the early 1980s. At the same time, the U.S. seen in past EWI’s U.S.-China dialogues addressed and China warily eyed each other’s these developments and examined regional moves and strategies. EWI’s visits. I hope we what they meant for U.S.-China rela- Strategic Trust-Building Initiative can continue to tions and strategic trust. The China (STBI) seeks to strengthen these key Program expanded its military trust- bilateral relationships by building trust foster a space for building work by taking on the U.S.- and bridging divides. China Sanya Dialogue between retired free discussion flag officers of the two countries. In China Program about issues that December 2012, an EWI delegation of retired U.S. generals—General Peter U.S.-China relations experienced a remain critical Pace, Admiral William Owens, General watershed year. Days after the U.S. T. Michael Moseley and General Kevin presidential election, China began a to maintaining Chilton—and senior staff was the first major leadership reshuffle, with Vice a strong and from the United States to meet with President Xi Jinping and a new genera- China’s newly minted Central Military tion of leaders taking the helm of the mutually beneficial Commission. ruling Communist Party of China. Over the course of the year, bilateral relationship A month after the U.S. election and relations encountered considerable between our two the Chinese political leadership fluctuations. Xi and Chinese defense transition, EWI brought together minister Liang Guanglie visited the countries.” senior CPC officials and prominent United States separately, with Xi Democrats and Republicans for its 5th advocating that the United States and U.S.-China High-Level Political Party China build “a new type of relations Thomas A. Daschle Leaders Dialogue in Utah, Colorado between major countries.” Meanwhile, and Washington, D.C. Through plenary former U.S. Senate the two countries dealt with the fallout talks and official meetings, including at over the U.S. rebalancing strategy in Majority Leader the White House and the U.S. Senate,

Above: 5th U.S.-China High-Level Political Party Leaders Dialogue; right: John Malone, chairman, Liberty Media 14 Corporation, Greg Maffei, president and CEO, Liberty Media Corporation and Minister Wang Jiarui, head of the International Department of the Communist Party of China's Central Committee. Chinese Delegation Gets a Taste of the American West

An ongoing effort by EWI to promote understanding and trust between the United States and China at various levels, both within and outside the two nations’ capitals.

“I didn’t realize that so many people here spoke Chinese,” remarked one visitor from China during an EWI- facilitated trip to Salt Lake City, Utah in December 2012.

That person was part of a Communist Party of China (CPC) delegation—led by Minister Wang Jiarui of the CPC’s International Department—in the United States for EWI’s 5th U.S.-China High-Level Political Party Leaders Dialogue. The delegates experienced the cordiality and rich cultural heritage of a state with one of the highest rates of bilingualism in the country, as they met with government, business and civic leaders as well as students.

“The U.S.-China High-Level Political Party Leaders Dialogue highlights the unique value and great significance of the party dialogue mechanism in enhancing strategic trust between our two countries,” Wang said. “EWI’s work promotes the healthy and stable development of the U.S.-China relationship.”

The delegation also visited Colorado for a similar dose of western U.S. hospitality before they headed to Washington, D.C. for talks with their Democratic and Republican counterparts.

The visits to these states were part of an ongoing effort by EWI to promote understanding and trust between the United States and China at various levels, both within and outside the two nations’ capitals. As one of EWI’s flagship activities, the U.S.-China High-Level Political Party Leaders Dialogue has evolved into a trusted platform for political elites from the two countries to exchange views on governance and foreign policy matters. A critical part of this process has been interactions with state, provincial and local leaders to get a better appreciation of the political, economic and social landscapes in those regions.

Several significant activities and milestones occurred in Utah and Colorado. The CPC delegation met with the governors of both states—Gary Herbert in Utah and John Hickenlooper in Colorado—and discussed concrete opportunities for enhancing cooperation, especially in trade and investment. Following Governor Hickenlooper’s meeting with the Chinese, he asked EWI to provide ideas that will help shape his first visit to China in the fall of 2013.

In Colorado, the delegation met with a host of other leaders in politics, business and the military, including Senators Mark Udall and Michael Bennet, State Attorney General John Suthers, Colorado Springs Mayor Steve Bach, Commander of the U.S. Air Force Space Command General William Shelton, and President of the U.S. Air Force Academy Foundation William Hybl.

The delegation also visited the United States Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs—the first such visit to a U.S. military academy by a group from the CPC. The Chinese visitors met with academy superintendent, Lt. Gen. Michael Gould, and engaged in a roundtable discussion with cadets and faculty from the academy. Here, the Chinese guests were once again impressed by their American hosts’ Chinese-language skills: two of the cadets gave a presentation on the academy in fluent Mandarin.

15 the visit yielded insights into the policy They brought Russian perspectives to priorities of both China’s new leader- several key cybersecurity meetings: ship and that of President Obama in EWI’s 3rd Cybersecurity Summit (New his second term. Delhi); the Conference of the Interna- tional Information Security Research EWI also convened its 6th U.S.-China Consortium sponsored by Moscow High-Level Security Dialogue to ad- State University (Sofia); and the Chief dress bilateral and regional concerns. Despite the Information Officers Congress (Mos- All of these encounters provided flare-ups over the cow). A 2010 EWI proposal calling for much-needed opportunities for can- the extension of the mandate of the did, confidential discussions. Magnitsky bill two countries’ Nuclear Risk Reduction Centers to include cybersecurity pro- Russia Program and other conten- gressed to a draft presidential agree- tious issues, EWI ment. It was ultimately pulled back for Despite the flare-ups over the an additional round of negotiations on Magnitsky bill and other contentious sought to con- wording. issues, EWI sought to continue U.S.- Russia bridge-making by focusing on tinue U.S.-Russia Meanwhile, EWI actively supported areas of common concern where real bridge-making by Russia's emerging leadership role on collaboration is still possible. global economic governance issues focusing on areas through targeted involvement with Convening Track 1.5 meetings of the top-level international Russian initia- U.S.-Russia Joint Experts Group on Af- of common con- tives: the Russia G20 Presidency ghan Narcotrafficking in Brussels and cern where real conferences in Moscow; the Asia- Washington, the institute facilitated Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) a process that produced a consensus collaboration is Telecommunications Ministerial Con- about the threats posed by the flow of ference in Saint Petersburg and the illicit narcotics out of Afghanistan. This still possible. World Media Forum in Moscow. EWI’s will be the basis for the publication of a involvement in these activities laid the Joint Policy Assessment in 2013. groundwork for 2013 and 2014, when Russia's G20, G8 and BRICS presiden- Russian officials and experts contin- cies will present a unique opportunity ued to take an active interest in EWI’s to revive U.S.-Russia and West-Russia cybersecurity work as well. trust-building, particularly in key economic areas.

A farmer from northern Afghanistan. 16 Powers in Numbers Economic growth and military spending trends in the United States, China and Russia.

U.S. Global Engagement Program with the generous support of the Carnegie Corporation of New York met The U.S. Global Engagement Program twice in 2012. In Brussels, working concentrated its 2012 activities on “Compared to group members met with NATO, EU the role of Congress in the U.S.-Russia and Russian officials to discuss coun- economic relationship, U.S.-Russia the very formal, ter narcotics efforts in Afghanistan and cooperation on Afghan narcotraffick- the likely trajectory of these efforts ing (working in tandem with the Russia scripted world post-2014, when NATO and the United Program) and nuclear nonproliferation of international States will have completed their troop and disarmament issues before the drawdowns. In Washington, working United Nations. negotiations, group members met with officials from the DEA and the Russian Federal With Russia’s accession to the WTO, I found the Drug Control Service (FSKN). As noted the Obama administration pressured EWI's talks to earlier, the group completed its delib- Congress to grant Permanent Normal erations on the project’s Joint Threat Trade Relations (PNTR) to Russia, be amazingly Assessment on Afghan narcotraffick- which required the lifting of the Cold ing, released in April 2013. War-era Jackson-Vanik amendment refreshing. linking free trade with free emigra- You can roll up In close cooperation with the Per- tion. EWI staff briefed congressional manent Mission of Kazakhstan to offices from both parties and in both your sleeves, the United Nations, EWI was able to chambers on the potential upsides continue the Nuclear Discussion Fo- for the U.S.-Russia trade relationship show emotion rum (NDF), that, in the words of one of once Russia joined the WTO in August and speak very the UN First Committee experts who 2012. Administration and Russian participated, has become “part of the Embassy officials were also engaged directly.” New York architecture on nuclear is- and briefed. EWI also informed con- sues.” The NDF provides an unofficial gressional staff on the specifics of the forum for First Committee represen- Sergei Magnitsky case and the likely James L. Jones tatives from some 40 UN missions political ramifications of passing the Former U.S. National to discuss the obstacles to further Magnitsky legislation as part of the disarmament and nonproliferation. Security Advisor PNTR vote. EWI also provides regular briefings to select UN Missions on key weapons of The working group of U.S. and Russian mass destruction and security issues. experts that EWI brought together

Sources: World Bank, CEIC, SIPRI, IISS 17 Regional Security

During 2012, EWI’s Regional Security Initiative began intensive outreach and advocacy for wider regional involvement with Afghanistan post-2014, focusing on economic security.

Bread stand on the market in Kunduz, Afghanistan. 18 19 n partnership with the Centre for nections to its neighbors. Regional Conflict and Peace Studies (CAPS trade between Central and South IKabul), United Service Institution of "The Parliamen- Asia—through the Afghanistan land India (USI India) and Institute of Stra- bridge—should improve and allow tegic Studies (ISS Islamabad), EWI tarians Network for greater economic integration, organized an intensive consultation stability and growth for all countries on “Economic Security in Southwest for Conflict involved. This regional vision of eco- Asia and the Role of Afghanistan." Prevention is nomic cooperation needs to include trade liberalization and increased Taking place within EWI’s 9th World- an incredibly trade and energy flows. wide Security Conference, the event brought together some 50 senior useful group that In preparation for the economic tran- policy makers and experts to review allows worldwide sition in Afghanistan, the Regional and highlight the pivotal role Afghani- Security Program has outlined a stan could play in regional security as cooperation on two-year (2013-2014) project on “The an economic partner and key transit Regional Underpinnings of Economic country. With the participation of key policy issues Security in Afghanistan post-2014.” these and other government officials that can help The program will convene a series of and private sector representatives, high-level meetings that will tackle EWI has designed an impact-oriented shorten the length issues such as regional connectivity process that will contribute to better through infrastructure development, regional economic cooperation in of a conflict or the role of Afghanistan in the regional Central and South Asia. perhaps avoid it all energy market, the potential for international investment in Afghanistan A smooth economic transition in Af- together.” and the role of water in Afghanistan’s ghanistan is critical to sustaining its economic security and regional security and political transition after cooperation. Throughout 2012, the 2014. At the moment, the country is Meg Munn, MP program expanded its outreach to still largely dependent on foreign aid british include senior economic experts and and the presence of foreign troops. officials, as well as business com- But its future economic prospects parliamentarian munities from Afghanistan, Pakistan, will depend increasingly on its con- India and Central Asia.

Above: German ISAF soldiers at the international airport in Mazar-i-Sharif; 20 right: Afghan lawmakers at the parliament in Kabul, June 2012. Women as Change-Makers

EWI's Parliamentarians Network has continued its focus on assisting Afghan and Pakistani women parliamentarians to gain greater political influence.

In 2012, the world bore witness to a particularly brutal act against a young woman who was simply standing up for her right to get an education.

The same week that EWI’s Parliamentarians Network for Conflict Prevention convened a study visit in Brussels for a delegation of Afghan parliamentarians, two-thirds of whom were women, the Taliban tried to kill Malala Yousafzai. A 14-year old Pakistani schoolgirl, Yousafzai was shot in the head because she had the courage to defy the Taliban’s ruthless campaign to deny girls and women their rights. Miraculously, Yousafzai survived the assassination attempt. She was dispatched to England for surgery that has allowed her to begin the road to recovery—and even return to school. But the attack exemplified the dangers girls and women face as they struggle to secure their most basic freedoms in both Pakistan and Afghanistan.

The Parliamentarians Network has continued to focus on its Women, Peace and Security initiative, which was launched in 2010 to allow Afghan and Pakistani parliamentarians to learn from each other’s experiences and to begin to take part in official delegations. On subsequent first-ever official visits of Afghan women parliamentarians to Islamabad and of Pakistani women parliamentarians to Kabul, the participants agreed on both an Islamabad and a Kabul Action Plan. Those visits also resulted in meetings with high-level Afghan and Pakistani officials, including President Hamid Karzai and Pakistan’s Asif Ali Zardari.

The aim of such meetings is to involve women parliamentarians from the region in broader security discussions with their international counterparts as well. To that end, the Parliamentarians Network organized the October 2012 study visit of Afghan parliamentarians to Brussels in partnership with the European Parliament’s Office for the Promotion of Parliamentary Democracy (OPPD) and the European External Action Service (EEAS). This visit provided the opportunity to discuss the future of Afghanistan and particularly the role of women. The delegation met with their counterparts in the European Parliament, experts from EEAS, representatives from civil society and the Energy Charter. They also met with Andre Flahaut, the speaker of the Belgian parliament, and NATO officials, including Ambassador and Assistant Secretary General for Public Diplomacy Kolinda Grabar-Kitarovi, the first female to hold a NATO position at that level.

The large number of women in the Brussels delegation is a key indicator of the progress made by women in Afghanistan. In the Wolesi Jirga, the lower house of the Afghan Parliament, women now make up 27 percent of the members, although their influence remains limited. Women are also making modest gains in other security-related fields. While there are still very few women in the police and armed forces, for example, the first two female helicopter pilots graduated from Afghanistan’s flight school in 2012.

EWI’s Parliamentarians Network, which has 104 members from 33 countries, has been proud to serve as a catalyst for this process. In 2012, EWI recognized the efforts of two women leaders who have made significant inroads in women’s rights: Shinkai Karokhail, a renowned women’s rights activist and member of the Afghan Parliament, and Fehmida Mirza, the first woman speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan. They were presented with the H.H. Sheikha Fatima bint Mubarak Award for Values-based Leadership at EWI’s Awards Dinner in New York in September. These women have broadened the relationships between female parliamentarians in Afghanistan and Pakistan, thereby contributing to increasing regional stability. Their work as trailblazers for the increased role of women in these patriarchical societies is nothing short of inspiring for new generations of women leaders. It is precisely the kind of work that the Parliamentarians Network believes will be critical to the future development of both countries.

Learn More 21 www.pncp.net The Abu Dhabi Process provision of a neutral, safe space for dialogue outside Afghanistan. In 2009, EWI began facilitating a series of high-level Track 1.5 meetings Given the imminent departure of endorsed by the governments of foreign troops from Afghanistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan, with the the focus of the Abu Dhabi Process generous support of the government “It’s time for has shifted to key issues linked of the United Arab Emirates. Known to this critical transitional time in as the Abu Dhabi Process, these the region to Afghanistan. The troop withdrawal, gatherings have focused on tackling invest in our coupled with an increase in Afghan the trust deficit between Afghani- national security spending as well stan and Pakistan, complementing success, as a gradual decline in overall donor existing channels of communica- support, are expected to have a tion and exploring new avenues for rather than significant impact on the Afghan confidence building between the two bet on our economy. In its most optimistic FY countries. 2012-2013 scenario, the IMF pre- misfortunes.” dicts that GDP growth will slow to a Between 2010 and 2011, the process rate of 4 to 6 percent annually from convened four senior-level consulta- its current rate of about 11 percent. tions in Abu Dhabi, Kabul and Islam- Jawed Ludin However, even with the predicted de- abad. The consultations focused on Deputy Minister velopment of the mining sector and trust-building, reconciliation with of Foreign Affairs, introduction of the VAT system, the the Taliban and the role of Pakistan growth may drop to as low as 2 per- Afghanistan in safeguarding the Afghan political cent according to other estimates. process as well as on the transition for Afghanistan post-2014. Recom- India and Pakistan mendations from the Abu Dhabi Process included the removal of India and Pakistan could bolster Taliban leaders from the UN Security their energy security by gaining Council resolution 1267 list and the greater access to the resources in

Afghan men work at a brick factory on the outskirts of Kabul. 22 Water, Food and Energy in Southwest Asia and the Middle East.

Central Asia, particularly electricity Asia and contribute to a more stable and natural gas. To do so, however, Afghanistan, allowing for improved these two countries need Afghani- economic growth post-2014. stan to serve as the transit route from Central Asia. Power short- "There is no shortage of energy ages can be addressed by building On numerous resources in the Southwest Asia- new energy corridors or a “New occasions Central Asia region, and natural gas Silk Road,” which would transform is abundantly available in this part of Afghanistan into a regional trade throughout the the world," Bochkarev said. "Major and transit hub. For Afghanistan, centers of energy consumption in this would have the added benefit year, EWI hosted India and Pakistan are in proximity of expanding its energy infrastruc- a number of to the major producers of gas and ture and providing new transit fees hydroelectricity." while promoting greater economic senior Iranian integration in the region. figures for off- Building Trust with Iran EastWest Institute Fellow Danila the-record In 2012, EWI continued its efforts to Bochkarev wrote an extensive report bridge relations between Iran and on the subject: India and Pakistan's meetings with the international community. On Energy Security: Can Afghanistan numerous occasions throughout Play a Critical Role? Based on in- high-level the year, EWI hosted a number of depth analysis of the data, Bochk- European and senior Iranian figures for off-the- arev argues that the power short- record meetings with high-level ages can be addressed by building U.S. experts. European and U.S. experts. EWI also new energy corridors that would held public events with authors and transform Afghanistan into a major specialists discussing Iranian poli- hub. His report illustrates how this tics, U.S.-Iran relations and regional energy corridor would strengthen security in West Asia. economic, political and social ties between Central Asia and South

Sources: World Bank, OECD, UN FAO, UN Water, The Economist 23 Economic Security

One year ago, the EastWest Institute launched the Economic Security Initiative (ESI), leveraging its years of experience in convening Track 2 meetings focused on defusing crises and breaking deadlocks in international relations. The purpose of ESI is to address the growing number of threats to international security that emanate from the economic realm rather than from traditional military competition.

Source: International Water Management Institute 24 5.3 billion 70% people will suffer from of fresh water water shortages by 2025, is used for equaling two-thirds of the irrigation. world's population. 22% is for Map 2. Areas of physical and economic water scarcity industry use.

Map 2. Areas of physical and economic water scarcity

Little or no water scarcity

Physical water scarcity

Approaching physical water scarcity

Economic water scarcity

Not estimated

Red: Physical Water Scarcity. More than 75% of the river flows are allocated to agriculture, industries or domestic purposes (accounting for recycling of return flows). This definitionLittle or no water of scarcity scarcity—relating water availability to water demand—implies60% that dry areasPhysical waterare scarcity not necessarily water-scarce. For example, Mauritaniaof globalis dry but fresh not physicallyApproaching physical water-scarce water scarcity because demand is low. water flow Light Red: More than 60% of river flows are allocated. These basins will experience physical Economic water scarcity 50% comes from waterNot estimated scarcity in the near future.increase in water Orange: Economic Water Scarcity. Waterwithdrawals resources are abundantby relativetransboundary to water use, with less than 25% of water from rivers withdrawn for human purposes,basins. but malnutrition Red: Physical Water Scarcity.2025 More in than developing 75% of the river flows are allocated to agriculture, exists. These areas could benefit by development of additional blue and green water, industries or domesticcountries. purposes (accounting for recycling of return flows). This but human definitionand financial of scarcity—relating capacity are limiting. water availability to water demand—implies that dry Blue: Abundant waterareas resourcesare not necessarily relative to water-scarce. use: less than For 25% example, of water Mauritania from rivers is isdry but not withdrawn physicallyfor human water-scarcepurposes. because demand is low. Light Red: More than 60% of river flows are allocated. These basins will experience physical water scarcity in the near future. Orange: Economic Water Scarcity. Water resources are abundant relative to water use, with25 less than 25% of water from rivers withdrawn for human purposes, but malnutrition WHAT OF THE FUTURE?exists. These areas could benefit by development of additional blue and green water, but human and financial capacity are limiting. Blue: Abundant water resources relative to use: less than 25% of water from rivers is Pressure on water resourceswithdrawn forwill human increase purposes. with rising demands from agricultural, municipal, industrial and environmental uses. It will also increase as rising incomes spur public demand for a better environment. Because of the enormous quantities to produce food, agriculture will remain the main user of water.

How muchWHAT more OF food? THE FUTURE?

Food demandPressure will riseon waterdramatically, resources nearly will doubling increase in withthe comingrising demands50 years. fromThe twoagricultural, main factorsmunicipal, driving howindustrial much and more environmental food we will needuses. areIt will population also increase growth as and rising dietary incomes spur change. Withpublic rising demand incomes for a betterand continuing environment. urbanization, Because offood the habits enormous change quantities towards to produce richer andfood, more agriculture varied diets—not will remain only the to mainincreasing user ofconsumption water. of staple cereals, but also to a shift in consumption patterns among cereal crops and away from cereals towards livestockHow much and more fish productsfood? and high-value crops.

Food demand will rise dramatically, nearly doubling in the coming 50 years. The two main factors driving how much more food we will need are population growth and dietary 8 change. With rising incomes and continuing urbanization, food habits change towards richer and more varied diets—not only to increasing consumption of staple cereals, but also to a shift in consumption patterns among cereal crops and away from cereals towards livestock and fish products and high-value crops.

8 ny effort to address these chal- global economic security con- lenges depends on cooperation cerns and more traditional security Aand solutions that reach across “Our real enemies problems. It will call on EWI’s large divides. ESI serves as a catalyst, worldwide network of experts from bringing together the traditionally today are climate a diverse number of fields to accom- separate communities that deal with plish this task for input on a stream economic development, investment change, poverty, of relevant policy papers. and international security. inequality, The papers will identify and propose The areas of focus include increasing hunger, disease, innovative solutions, involving private resilience and response capabili- and public sector collaboration. ties in regions threatened by food, environmental Papers already underway have the water and energy scarcity; ensuring degradation and working titles of “Anticipating Global the security of the digital economy; Economic Shock” and “Strategic and working with global investors illiteracy." Stability in Cyberspace.” The Policy to address dilemmas of growth and Innovation Unit will also work with sustainability. existing EWI programs to help them Óscar Arias Sánchez bolster their policy recommenda- Policy Innovation Unit tions. NOBEL LAUREATE During 2012, preparations were com- FORMER PRESIDENT OF “As the global community is facing pleted for the launch of the institute’s COSTA RICA unprecedented challenges, we need first Policy Innovation Unit,which will to begin to marshal expertise in new help fill the gaps between emerging ways and make sure it has the neces-

Credit: Robert Samuel Hanson 26 Amu Darya Basin Network Leads Historic Water Trip

A first-of-a-kind trip facilitates new connections among stakeholders of upstream and downstream areas.

In August 2012, the Amu Darya Basin Network (ADBN) facilitated a first-of-its-kind trip of water experts from Afghanistan’s Balkh University to the Aral Sea, the Amu Darya Delta and the Uzbek province of Khorezm. The trip facilitated new connections among stakeholders of upstream and downstream areas.

Created by EWI, ABDN has approximately 80 members and serves as a platform for dialogue among experts of the Amu Darya Basin on ways to increase regional water cooperation between Afghanistan and Central Asia. The countries sharing the Amu Darya Basin are Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan.

“Where the Amu Darya ends, a debate starts,” said Associate Professor Oleg Shipin of the Asian Institute of Technology, who along with Afghan experts Habibullah Habib and Mohammed Qaasim of Balkh University led the five-day trip. Pointing out that Afghanistan is upstream and the Uzbek region of Karakalpakstan is downstream, Shipin added: “It is obvious how we all are interconnected. Educational organizations such as Balkh University and facilitators like the Amu Darya Basin Network play a critical role in complicated strategic environmental planning and management. They contribute to building a capacity of local experts to predict impact and plan strategically.”

The field trip focused on the drying Aral Sea area. It provided the opportunity for the experts to address long- term, deeply engrained distrust between downstream states and Afghanistan at both the administrative and grassroots levels. ADBN allowed Afghan experts to become aware of not only regional realities in Central Asia but also global water concerns that are central to the food-water-energy nexus.

In the second half of the 20th century, the Aral Sea, fed by the Amu Darya, became one of the world’s most significant man-made natural disasters. After the Soviet Union diverted the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya for its irrigation projects, the Aral Sea started shrinking in the 1960s. It is now less than 10 percent of its original size. In the post-Soviet era, existing water management mechanisms for agriculture and hydropower collapsed. The Central Asian states pursued country-level water management policies that created imbalances at the basin level, which further worsened upstream-downstream relations and diminished the water supply that reaches the Aral Sea. The situation was also exacerbated by natural, large-scale regional fluctuations of water resources.

After decades of conflict, Afghanistan gradually increased its dependence on the Amu Darya for large- scale use of water. The group of Afghan experts that visited the Aral Sea hoped to set the stage for dialogue between residents of the upstream and downstream nations. Such dialogues are an essential part of ensuring a sustainable use of water resources, and thus contributing to water security of riparian countries. In the case of Afghanistan, water security is one of the keys to emerging long-term stability and economic development.

The trip provided access for these Afghan experts to explore downstream areas of the Amu Darya Basin. Dr. Shipin recently wrote a report, “Strategic Environmental Assessment for North and Central Afghanistan to Ensure Sustainable Use of Water Resources,” which included information gathered from the field trip. One of the aims of the report is the integration of Afghan environmental protection on the international stage.

The ADBN creates a space for members to examine water cooperation challenges beyond their national boundaries. Discussions organized through the ADBN have inspired a consecutive series of activities that will continue through 2013 and beyond.

Learn More 27 www.amudaryabasin.net sary influence,” said Professorial heads of state, three Nobel laureates Fellow Greg Austin, who heads the and other prominent leaders from unit. “EWI is perfectly situated to do "The wars in the private sector and governments that by working with leading figures around the globe. General Michael from around the world on these criti- Afghanistan Hayden, former director of both the cal issues.” National Security Agency and the and in Iraq Central Intelligence Agency, argued EWI Chairman Ross Perot, Jr. have shown that institutional structures need to declared that the new unit “brings be changed since the existing ones a long-needed focus to better us- how expensive “relatively preordain” future out- ing our global network to promote comes. solutions to seemingly intractable little wars can problems that threaten peace, stabil- be. We have to Participants also assessed the U.S. ity and the ability of nations to grow position in international politics, its their economies and create jobs for be focused on dependency on fossil fuels and the their people.” U.S. relationship with China. Closing maintaining the conference, former President of Affordable World Security economic Costa Rica and Nobel peace laureate Conference Óscar Arias Sánchez said: “Our real strength.” enemies today are climate change, The March 2012 Affordable World poverty, inequality, hunger, disease, Security Conference in Washing- environmental degradation and ton, co-hosted by EWI and the W. P. Joseph Stiglitz illiteracy, which can create dangers Carey Foundation, epitomized the NOBEL LAUREATE anywhere in the world.” He called goals of ESI. The conference, held at for the world to practice the “art of the Newseum, featured two former peace,” not the “art of war.”

Clockwise from left: Former President of Chile and head of UN Women Michelle Bachelet; Nobel 28 laureate and head of IPCC Rejendra Pachauri; Nobel laureate Professor Joseph Stiglitz; Nobel laureate and former President of Costa Rica Oscar Aries Sanchez. Amu Darya Basin in Numbers

9th Annual Worldwide Blake, Jr., U.S. assistant secretary Security Conference of state for South and Central Asia Affairs; Jawed Ludin, Afghanistan’s EWI’s 9th Annual Worldwide Security “Current policies deputy minister of foreign affairs; May- Conference, “Reshaping Economic soon Al-Zoubi, Jordan’s former secre- Security in Southwest Asia and the and organization- tary general of the Ministry of Water Middle East,” brought together high- al frameworks are and Irrigation; and Gidon Bromberg, ranking participants from 55 countries Israeli director of Ecopeace/Friends of at the World Customs Organization in not only failing to the Earth Middle East (FoEME). Brussels in November. EWI Chairman Emeritus Francis Finlay, a key support- achieve security The speakers addressed approximately er of the event, introduced Finland’s and peace, but 300 high-level policy makers, business former President and Nobel laureate executives and public opinion leaders, Martti Ahtisaari who delivered the actually run the citing the critical urgency of their work. keynote address. Ahtisaari, a member The conference was held against the of EWI’s board of directors, appealed risk of aggravat- backdrop of the looming 2014 deadline for the creation of new regional ing confrontation for the withdrawal of NATO troops from organizations in the Middle East and Afghanistan as well as the continu- Southwest Asia to curb conflicts. “The and conflict.” ing turmoil in the Middle East. Topics catastrophe of Syria demonstrates for the sessions included: Economic this need,” he declared. “The nations of Security and Regional Cooperation; Southwest Asia need to work to build Francis Finlay New Directions for Water-Energy-Food a security organization that bridges ewi chairman Security Policies; Afghanistan and its major divides.” emeritus Neighbors; and the role of private sector investment in the Arabian Peninsula Among the other speakers: Robert and the Horn of Africa.

Learn More 29 See the full infographic on www.flickr.com/ewinstitute Cybersecurity

In a period of breathtaking technological advancement, nations, commercial enterprises and individuals now recognize that they are vulnerable to a bewildering array of new threats, especially in cyberspace. Businesses, governments, engineers and academics all view the many cybersecurity challenges from different vantage points. But they need to collaborate to effectively devise policies and practices to counteract the malignant aspects of cybersecurity developments.

Troubling Numbers

Every year during the cybersecurity summit we poll our international participants about the current situation in cyberspace and what needs to be done. Here are some of the results.

30 93% THINK THAT THE CYBERSECURITY RISK IS HIGHER Cybersecurity THAN ONE YEAR AGO 55% DOUBT THAT THEIR COUNTRY CAN DEFEND ITSELF AGAINST SOPHISTICATED CYBER ATTACKS

50% THINK THAT CORPORATE BOARDS GROSSLY 33% UNDERESTIMATE THE FEEL PROTECTED CYBERSECURITY ONLINE PROBLEM

41% THINK THEIR ONLINE 17% PRIVACY IS NOT THINK THAT SUFFICIENTLY THEY ARE TOO CONFUSED PROTECTED

31 WI launched the Worldwide than 300 high-level participants Cybersecurity Initiative in 2009 from 22 countries. The summit saw Eto propose and implement real "EWI has a long substantial input from the upper ech- solutions to the challenges faced by elons of the Indian government and both the private and public sectors. history of creating private sector firms, which helped At successive annual summits in much needed shape the summit’s agenda. Dallas, London and New Delhi, and in other hubs of innovations around the touch points “India has a cyber vision that is grand world, EWI has identified a number and it is bold,” Punit Renjen, chair- of specific issues in the field that, if between people man of the board at Deloitte, LLP, told left unresolved, can have devastating so that conflict the participants. But he pointed to consequences. the multiple dangers India and other can be resolved countries face, particularly from To address them, the institute has cyber criminals. Appealing for urgent established a series of ongoing peacefully. EWI action, he added: “The challenges “breakthrough groups” consisting of has certainly we’re facing are growing with both international experts from all key sec- strength and velocity.” tors. Their mission: devise and imple- provided ment solutions. These groups have During the summit, the Computer already made substantial progress leadership Emergency Response Teams (CERT) in policy innovation, implementation by serving of India and China reached an and institutionalization. agreement that demonstrated their as a catalyst response to this challenge. “CERTs 3rd Worldwide Cybersecurity have to drive nations to interna- Summit in New Delhi for collective tional cooperation,” said Gulshan Rai, transnational director general of CERT India. “India India is an increasingly essential and China will be cooperating with player on the world stage, and the action.” each other to secure cyberspace.” choice of New Delhi as the venue for Zhou Yonglin, director of the Internet EWI’s 3rd Worldwide Cybersecurity Society of China, added: “We had Summit is a testament to that fact. Punit Renjen very good talks with Dr. Rai on how chairman, delloite llp to improve cooperation between Held over two days in October 2012, China and India CERTs. We can help the summit brought together more each other stop the threats.” These

3rd Worldwide Cybersecurity Summit, New Delhi, October 2012. 32 Delivering Solutions Indian

EWI considers a cybersecurity recommendation as Progress on having entered the implementation stage when the first “required commitments” are made and “next steps” taken. It moves to the “institutionalization” stage when private Undersea companies, governments or NGOs have integrated the recommendation into their work to achieve sustainability. Cables

2010-12: In the wake of the EWI’s Recommendations cybersecurity summit in New Delhi 27 and its years of championing the produced need to secure global undersea 30 communications cables, the government of India, long one of the laggards when it came to shortening cable repair time, has 52% begun to take significant action.

14 Implemented In late 2012, the Hindu Business Line has reported on India’s urgent need to shorten cable repair time, a change that would limit financial 26% and production losses across the country. According to its reports, 7 Institutionalized India’s Telecommunications Ministry finally proposed to cut 20 cable repair time to three to five days, a number approaching best-in-class performance. Cable repair can currently take over two months for Indian territorial waters, contributing to the poor performance of Internet services.

As part of its advocacy efforts, EWI issued 12 recommendations in a joint IEEE-EWI publication. The Reliability of Global Undersea Communications Cable Infrastructure (ROGUCCI) 10 report, released in 2010, flagged shorter cable repair times as one of its key recommendations. The International Cable Protection Committee has also provided leadership in implementing a number of these recommendations.

EWI’s Chief Technology Officer Karl Rauscher hailed the progress, calling actions to secure the integrity of these undersea cables “a top priority for improving the stability of the Internet at the global level.” 2010 2011 2012 2013*

* Projection Learn More 33 www.cybersummit2012.com representatives pledged to cooperate tions increasingly rely on networked on spam and botnets with each other technology, this technology poses as well as with other nations. "What we have increasingly difficult security issues. In the effort to optimize Internet use New Delhi Breakthrough Groups: now learned over and access, data protection needs to be made a top priority. The Cloud (Globally Distributed the last 10 or 20 Processing and Data Storage) years, is that you Like the Cloud breakthrough group, this group adds to existing India-U.S. Cloud computing services bring cannot assume Track 2 bilateral talks on the subject. about both great potential and a new exposure to vulnerabilities. The ongo- trust. That is why Other Areas of Focus ing transition to this type of informa- we’re dealing tion infrastructure demands that • ICT Development/Supply Chain fundamental issues be addressed. with a persistent Integrity Some countries will host data owned • Timely Outage Repairs or Global by other countries; which country’s problem of Undersea Communications policies should apply? And how can criminality, theft Cable Infrastructure security and privacy be maintained • Priority International Communi- to fully realize the benefits of cloud of intellectual cations computing? • Emergency Preparedness for property and even the Financial Service Sector in In addition to this breakthrough efforts to sabotage Cyberspace group, EWI has facilitated an India- • Dealing with the New Power U.S. Track 2 bilateral on the topic. Its or damage our Structure of Non-State Actors in task is to propose voluntary prin- Cyberspace cipals for multinational companies infrastructure • International Aspects of Critical looking to embrace the cloud. using the Internet.” Infrastructure Protection • Measuring the Cybersecurity Payload Security Problem • International Cooperation on A free, constant stream of informa- Michael Chertoff Fighting Spam and Botnets tion is essential to realizing the former u.s. secretary of • Implementing Public Health full potential of the Internet. Since homeland security Models for the Internet government and private institu-

3rd Worldwide Cybersecurity Summit, New Delhi, October 2012. 34 Cyber Crime in Numbers

Cyber40 Looking to Silicon Valley and Beyond A month before the New Delhi Sum- mit, EWI held its first Cyber40 meet- "It is no longer The 4th Worldwide Cybersecurity ing in India composed of diplomats Trustbuilding Summit, to be held from the G20 as well as other key a question of a in Silicon Valley, will drive intense, nations in cyberspace. EWI convened nation protecting focused work on the most challenging a unique off-the-record discussion issues. EWI will convene key players with the Indian Government’s top its own security; from the private and public sectors, cybersecurity experts, the diplo- representing China, Russia, India, the matic community in New Delhi and it’s a question United States and other vital nations selected private sector stakeholders. of the global in cyberspace. The focus of the meeting was “Inter- national Cooperation and Cyberse- community Held at Stanford University, the next curity”— a subject at the core of the summit will mark the beginning of a institute’s work. protecting new model for the Worldwide Cyber- itself. India security Initiative. In addition to an The Cyber40 aims to increase enhanced emphasis on building trust, high-level awareness of important pledges to work each annual summit will now alternate developments in trust-building and between Silicon Valley and a country cooperation in the cyber domain. with the global outside the United States. Since its inception in Washington, community.” D.C., more than two years ago, the Among the issues to be addressed: group’s regular meetings have con- acts of aggression in cyberspace; criti- vened key officials and experts at the cal international infrastructure protec- Indian, German, Canadian, Finnish, Kapil Sibal tion; promoting cybersecurity through Kazakh and Swiss embassies. minister of political action; optimizing policy for communications secure cloud enablement; emergency and IT, india preparedness for the financial services sector; and economic espionage.

Sources: 2012 Norton Cybercrime Report; National Nuclear Security Administration 35 Publications and Outreach

While much of EWI’s work is and must be conducted in a discreet manner, some challenges need to be addressed publicly. During 2012, EWI raised its media profile in a major way.

EWI Board Member Ikram Sehgal during EWI's 9th Worldwide Security Conference in Brussels. 36 Publications and Outreach

37 January April June September October November

Bridging Women, The Internet Priority India and Cyber Detente Fault Lines Peace and Health Model for International Pakistan's between the Security Cybersecurity Communications Energy Security U.S. and China

t’s more than just spam, which is foundation from which to reach out to the a nuisance,” former U.S. Secretary next generation of business and policy “Iof Homeland Security and EWI professionals. Board Member Michael Chertoff told BBC News last October. “It involves For example, the Affordable World Secu- everything from identity theft and cyber rity Conference, held in Washington, gar- crime to theft of intellectual property nered attention from new media firms like and espionage, up to and including ac- Fora.tv and cutting-edge sites like Blogs of tual destruction of critical infrastructure.” War. Featuring participation from groups 2012 increase in such as Young Professionals in Foreign Chertoff’s comments about the dangers online readership Policy, it was also the first EWI conference of spam, which he delivered during to be live-streamed and to offer direct EWI’s Worldwide Cybersecurity Summit participation through Twitter. in New Delhi last October, exempli- fies the education and advocacy that Our publications honed in on some of is integral to the institute’s mission. the most urgent global security issues. While much of EWI’s work is and must In India and Pakistan’s Energy Security: be conducted in a discreet manner, Can Afghanistan Play a Critical Role? some challenges, such as the pervasive EWI Fellow Danila Bochkarev examined threats found in cyberspace, need to be the potential for the country to act as a addressed publicly. land bridge to facilitate regional energy 2012 increase in solutions, which could help strengthen Facebook likes In 2012, EWI’s work was featured on its economic prospects after foreign international news programs, global troops withdraw in 2014. Women, Peace and local newspapers, the blogosphere, and Security reported on EWI’s efforts to social media and other established and empower the female parliamentarians of emerging channels of communication. Afghanistan.

Throughout the year, publications like Our Worldwide Cybersecurity Initia- The Wall Street Journal, The New York tive continued to generate innovative Times, the Financial Times, World Policy solutions to some of the more daunting Journal and Scientific American fea- challenges in cyberspace. Cyber Detente tured reports from EWI’s on-the-record 2012 increase in between the United States and China pro- events and commentary from our Twitter followers posed new areas of cooperation for these experts. Our frequent commentators on two global powers. Addressing a major our website and major publications in- technical obstacle, Priority International cluded John Mroz, David Firestein, Greg Communications offered actionable rec- Austin, Andrew Nagorski, Jacqueline ommendations for key state and private McLaren Miller and Piin-Fen Kok. Our sector players to reliably communicate board members Kanwal Sibal, Ikram during emergencies. Sehgal and Wolfgang Ischinger have also contributed recurring columns, offering As a result of our outreach efforts, the their unique insights into world affairs. institute’s online reach doubled over the course of the past year. Stay in touch During 2012, EWI also raised its new 2012 increase in through our website, Facebook, Twitter media profile in a major way. Dramatic YouTube viewvers and other channels for the latest on our increases in our Facebook, Twitter and ideas, publications and events. video presence have provided a solid

38 Stay in touch: EWInstitute EastWestInstitute EastWestInstitute “Now, there are no bangs, no "The future of Afghan security explosions and no declarations of increasingly rests on the shoulders war, but cyber crimes can inflict of Afghan troops as they slowly just as much damage. Experts from assume security responsibility the U.S. and India are meeting at from foreign forces. But clashing a summit in Delhi to discuss vital military cultures and the cybersecurity areas.” resulting misunderstandings and frustrations raise questions about the success of the transition." — Franz-Stefan Gady

“India's importance in this domain can be judged from the fact that, after the previous two editions in London and Dallas, Delhi will "As a foreign correspondent, I play host to the Third Worldwide scoffed at the notion that my stories Cybersecurity Summit.” could constitute the first draft of history. But, if truth be told, I was inclined to believe it — particularly when I was reporting on events like “The global summit sought to the collapse of communism." bring more stability and safety — Andrew Nagorski into cyberspace by identifying critical security areas and ways to address them.” "Europe’s leaders need a different paradigm to manage their security interests in Southwest “'If we can figure this out here, it’s a massive Asia. This is the inevitable business opportunity across the world,' Mr. conclusion arising from Perot told India Real Time on the sidelines of the their lack of influence in EastWest Institute’s cyber security summit in the region as it lurches New Delhi Tuesday. The EastWest Institute is a toward large scale New York-based think tank that focuses on issues sectarian violence." of global security and is chaired by Mr. Perot.” — Greg Austin

EWIpublications ewinstitute ewinextgen 39 The Year in Pictures

“EWI’s work offers the opportunity to have lengthy, detailed, substantive discussions outside the glare of the media and outside the pressure of special interests. Off-the-record, quiet, collaborative discussions go quite a ways towards building an underlying level of mutual trust.”

Robert Campbell Former Vice Chairman, Deloitte LLP; EWI Board Member

Clockwise from top: The Affordable World Security Conference; EWI Chairman Emeritus Francis Finlay; EWI Vice 40 President David Firestein; EWI President John Mroz and Gen. Michael Hayden; UNDP’s Khalid Malik; Gallup CEO James Clifton; Carnegie Corporation of New York President Vartan Gregorian; CBS News Correspondent Dana Priest. Learn More 41 www.affordableworldsecurity.org Left to right, top row: Zuhal Kurt; Tewodros Ashenafi; Peter Castenfelt; EWI’s Fall Awards Dinner. 42 Left to right, middle row: St Andrews Chapel; Leo Schenker; Amb. Yousef al Otaiba and Francis Najafi; Ross Perot, Jr., Sarah Perot and John Whitehead. Left to Right, bottom row: Louise Richardson; Gen. T. Michael Moseley; Karen Mroz; The Four Seasons Restaurant. Learn More 43 www.ewi.info/dinner2012 Left to right, top row: Addison Fischer; Adel Ghazzawi; Angela Chen; Ramzi Sanbar; Kapil Sibal; Latha Reddy; Punit Renjen. 44 Left to right, middle row: John Hurley; Jerry Baldridge; CH Tung; William Owens; Armen Sarkissian; Michael Chertoff. Left to right, bottom row: David Cohen; R. William Ide III; Joel Cowan; Anurag Jain; Robert N. Campell III; Erin Nealy Cox; Christopher Painter; Harry Raduege. Learn More 45 www.ewi.info/newdelhi2012 Clockwise from top left: Board Member Martti Ahtisaari; Board Members Maria Cattaui and Kanwal Sibal; Afghan Deputy Minister 46 Learn More of Foreign Affairs Jawed Ludin; Haifa Al Kaylani; The 9th Worldwide Security Conference; Amb. Jan Kubis; NATO Deputy Secretary- www.ewi.info/wsc9 General Alexander Vershbow; U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for South and Central Asian Affairs Robert Blake, Jr. The Year in Numbers

Audited Financial Information

Revenue Donor contributions $ 5,683,762 Grants $ 535,091 Investment gain $ 872,026 In-kind contributions $ 336,054 Net revenue from special events $ 129,942 Other $ 145,961 Total public support and revenue $ 7,702,836

Expenses Program services $ 5,977,496 Management and general expenses $ 1,515,828 Fundraising $ 697,494 Total operating expenses $ 8,190,818

Net Assets Change in net assets before foreign translation income ($ 487,982) Foreign translation loss ($ 4,735) Change in net assets ($ 492,717) Net assets, beginning of year $ 12,969,034 Net assets, end of year $ 12,476,317

47 Our Donors

None of EWI's work would be possible without the generosity of our supporters.

Individuals, Foundations DIPLOMAT’S SOCIETY Fenton-May Family Fund and Governments GE Foundation Michael B. Ajouz Robert H. Graham CHAIRMAN'S SOCIETY Belgian Federal Ministry Michael S. Guerrieri of Foreign Affairs Kathryn W. Davis Guerrieri Family Foundation Matthew Bross John A. Gunn and Cynthia Fry Gunn R. William Ide, III John K. Castle The John D. and Catherine T. Haifa Al Kaylani Maria Livanos Cattaui MacArthur Foundation Ralph R. Layman Angela Chen Sarah and Ross Perot, Jr. John Edwin Mroz and Ministry of European The Starr Foundation Karen Linehan Mroz and Foreign Affairs of France United Arab Emirates Government Admiral (ret.) William A. Owens John A. Roberts, Jr. A. Steven Raab and The Sheer Family Trust PRESIDENT'S SOCIETY Ginny Jackson Raab Miriam and Ira D. Wallach The Jerry and Anita Zucker Anonymous Philanthropic Fund Family Foundation Inc. Jerald T. Baldridge and Zurs Foundation Emy Lou Z. Baldridge PEACEKEEPER’S SOCIETY Carnegie Corporation of New York Anonymous Corporations China-United States Anonymous Exchange Foundation LEADER The Shelby Cullom Davis Butler Family Foundation Charitable Fund Inc. David and Smadar Cohen Fidelity Investments Francis Finlay Beverly Hamilton Goldman Sachs John Hurley Forrest and Sally Hoglund Hillwood Development Anurag and Gunjan Jain Permanent Mission of Kazakhstan Company, LLC Mehmet Kurt and Zuhal Kurt to the United Nations Hillwood Investment Properties LTD O'Hanley Charitable Gift Fund The Lodestar Foundation The SDC Group, Inc. Pivotal Foundation Laurent Roux Planet Heritage Foundation George F. Sheer PARTNER WEM Foundation Africa Energy Resources AMBASSADOR’S SOCIETY John C. Whitehead Anonymous Anonymous INSIDER’S CIRCLE Fina Holding, A.S. W. P. Carey Foundation Joel Cowan Albemarle Foundation MEMBER Anonymous The Hurford Foundation ENI S.p.A. Greg Austin Rockefeller Brothers Fund, Inc. McGovern Capital, LLC Robert N. Campbell III Schenker Family Foundation Toshiba America, Inc. Joel & Geraldine Cowan Fund The Water Initiative, LLC Colonel (ret.) James and Tamasine Creighton

48 A Special Thanks

Much of the work of the institute is made possible through a variety of partnerships, collaborations and co- hosting, including in-kind support.

Worldwide Cybersecurity Summit Partners

TIER 1 We would like to highlight the following partners and sponsors for the 5th U.S.-China High-Level Deloitte Political Party Leaders Dialogue, who ensured Goldman Sachs the success and achievements of the meetings. Huawei Hosting partners: Knightsbridge Cybersystems Microsoft International Republican Institute Reliance Industries Limited National Democratic Institute Vodafone World Trade Center Utah Utah Governor’s Office of Economic Development TIER 2

Bharti Airtel Sponsors: Akin Gump Strauss Hauer and Feld LLP Larry H. Miller Group of Companies AT&T Nu Skin Enterprises Fidelity Investments Financial Times Overstock.com IDEA Rio Tinto Reliance Communications Salt Lake Chamber Stroz Friedberg Wells Fargo TATA Communications World Affairs Council – Washington, D.C. Zions First National Bank TIER 3 Kathryn W. Davis John Hurley Laurus Edutech William J. Hybl Steria (India) Limited Gregory B. Maffei CO-SPONSOR Admiral (ret.) William A. Owens Sandra Petruzzelli IEEE Communications Society Kevin M. Taweel

PARTNERS

Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM) Data Security Council of India (DSCI) Dataquest MIT Technology Review TeleGeography

49 Our People

We identify new and emerging areas of global risks, threats and challenges, using EWI’s large worldwide network of experts from a diverse number of fields as vital sources.

Clockwise from top-left: Amb. Dr. Beate Maeder-Metcalf; EWI Board Retreat in Dallas; Karl Rauscher; Ronald O'Hanley; EWI’s fifth High-Level Security 50 Dialogue; Piin-Fen Kok; Greg Austin; James Jones and James Creighton; Left to right: Ross Perot, Jr., John Mroz and John Gunn. . 51 Our Board

EWI owes its fierce independence and unique expertise to the diversity of its Board of Directors.

OFFICE OF THE OFFICERS MEMBERS CHAIRMEN John Edwin Mroz (U.S.) Martti Ahtisaari (Finland) Ross Perot, Jr. (U.S.) President, Co-Founder & CEO Former Chairman Chairman EastWest Institute EastWest Institute EastWest Institute 2008 Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Chairman R. William Ide III (U.S.) Former President of Finland Hillwood Development Co. LLC Counsel & Secretary Board of Directors EastWest Institute Tewodros Ashenafi (Ethiopia) Dell Inc. Partner Chairman and CEO McKenna Long & Aldridge LLP Southwest Energy (HK) Ltd. Armen Sarkissian (Armenia) Vice Chairman Leo Schenker (U.S.) Jerald T. Baldridge (U.S.) EastWest Institute Treasurer Chairman President EastWest Institute Republic Energy Inc. Eurasia House International Senior Executive Vice President Former Prime Minister of Central National-Gottesman Inc. Sir Peter Bonfield (U.K.) Armenia Chairman NXP Semiconductors

Matt Bross (U.S.) Chairman and CEO WBE Hong Kong

Robert N. Campbell III (U.S.) Vice Chairman (Retired) Deloitte LLP

Peter Castenfelt (U.K.) Chairman Archipelago Enterprises Ltd.

Maria Livanos Cattaui (Switzerland) Former Secretary-General International Chamber of Commerce

Angela Chen (U.S.) Founder and Managing Director Global Alliance Associates Partner Epoch Fund

52 Michael Chertoff (U.S.) James L. Jones (U.S.) Admiral (ret) William A. Owens Co-founder and Managing Principal Former U.S. National Security (U.S.) Chertoff Group Advisor Chairman AEA Holdings Asia David Cohen (U.K.) Haifa Al Kaylani (U.K.) Former Vice Chairman Chairman Founder and Chairperson U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff F&C REIT Property Management Arab International Women’s Forum Sarah Perot (U.S.) Joel Cowan (U.S.) Zuhal Kurt (Turkey) Director and Co-Chair for Professor CEO Development Georgia Institute of Technology Kurt Enterprises Dallas Center for Performing Arts

Addison Fischer (U.S.) Mark Maletz (U.S.) Louise Richardson (U.S.) Chairman and Co-Founder Senior Fellow Principal Planet Heritage Foundation Harvard Business School University of St. Andrews

Adel Ghazzawi (U.A.E.) General (ret) T. Michael John Rogers (U.S.) Founder Moseley (U.S.) Managing Director CONEKTAS Moseley and Associates, LLC Goldman Sachs and Co. Former Chief of Staff Stephen B. Heintz (U.S.) United States Air Force George F. Russell, Jr. (U.S.) President Former Chairman Rockefeller Brothers Fund F. Francis Najafi (U.S.) EastWest Institute CEO Chairman Emeritus Emil Hubinak (Slovak Republic) Pivotal Group Russell Investment Group Chairman and CEO Founder Logomotion Tsuneo Nishida (Japan) Russell 20-20 Ambassador; John Hurley (U.S.) Permanent Representative Ramzi H. Sanbar (U.K.) Managing Partner of Japan to the U.N. Chairman Cavalry Asset Management SDC Group Inc. Ronald P. O’Hanley (U.S.) Wolfgang Ischinger (Germany) President,Asset Management Ikram ul-Majeed Sehgal Chairman and Corporate Services (Pakistan) Munich Security Conference Fidelity Invesments Chairman Global Head of Security & Management Governmental Affairs Yousef Al Otaiba (U.A.E.) Services Ltd. Allianz SE Ambassador Embassy of the United Arab Kanwal Sibal (India) Anurag Jain (India) Emirates in Washington, D.C. Former Foreign Secretary of India Chairman Laurus Edutech Pvt. Ltd.

53 Pierre Vimont (France) CHAIRMEN EMERITI DIRECTORS EMERITI Executive Secretary General European External Action Service Berthold Beitz (Germany) Jan Krzysztof Bielecki (Poland) Former Ambassador President CEO Embassy of the Republic of France Alfried Krupp von Bohlen Bank Polska Kasa Opieki S.A. in Washington, D.C. und Halbach-Stiftung Former Prime Minister of Poland

Alexander Voloshin (Russia) Ivan T. Berend (Hungary) Emil Constantinescu (Romania) Chairman of the Board Professor President OJSC Uralkali University of California, Los Angeles Institute for Regional Cooperation and Conflict Prevention (INCOR) Zhou Wenzhong (China) Francis Finlay (U.K.) Former President of Romania Secretary-General Former Chairman Boao Forum for Asia Clay Finlay LLC William D. Dearstyne (U.S.) Former Company Group Chairman Hans-Dietrich Genscher Johnson & Johnson NON-BOARD COMMITTEE (Germany) MEMBERS Former Vice Chancellor & Minister John W. Kluge* (U.S.) of Foreign Affairs Former Chairman of the Board Laurent Roux (U.S.) Metromedia International Group Founder Donald M. Kendall (U.S.) Gallatin Wealth Mangement, LLC Former Chairman & CEO Maria-Pia Kothbauer PepsiCo. Inc. (Liechtenstein) Hilton Smith, Jr. (U.S.) Ambassador President & CEO Whitney MacMillan (U.S.) Embassy of Liechtenstein to East Bay Co., LTD Former Chairman & CEO Austria, OSCE and the UN in Vienna Cargill Inc. William E. Murray* (U.S.) CO-FOUNDER Former Chairman The Samuel Freeman Trust Ira D. Wallach* (U.S.) Former Chairman John J. Roberts (U.S.) Central National-Gottesman Inc. Senior Advisor Co-Founder American International Group (AIG) EastWest Institute Daniel Rose (U.S.) Chairman Rose Associates Inc.

Mitchell I. Sonkin (U.S.) Managing Director MBIA Insurance Corporation

Thorvald Stoltenberg (Norway) President Norwegian Red Cross

Liener Temerlin (U.S.) Chairman Temerlin Consulting

John C. Whitehead (U.S.) Former Co-Chairman Goldman Sachs Former U.S. Deputy Secretary of State

* Deceased 54 President’s Peter Maurer Laurent Roux Advisory Group State Secretary and Head of the Founder Directorate of Political Affairs Gallatin Wealth Management, LLC. Salma Abbasi Federal Department of Foreign Chair and CEO Affairs, Switzerland Leland Russell e Worldwide Group President Cindy Mercer GEO Group Strategic Services Inc. Cenk Aydin Co-Founder and Vice President Executive Director Planet Heritage Foundation George Sheer JPMorgan Chase Former President Joseph Nye Salamander USA and Canada Martha Bejar University Distinguished Service Founder and CEO CEO Professor of International Relations International Consulting Group Flow Mobile Harvard University Fred Teng Marshall Bennett John O’Neil CEO Owner President China Newsweek Corporation Marshall Bennett Enterprises Center for Leadership Renewal Sir Glenn Lester Torpy John Castle Robert Oxnam Former Chief of Air Staff Chairman and CEO Former President British Royal Air Force Castle Harlan Inc. The Asia Society Lew Van Amerongen Tullio Cedraschi Vladimir Plasil President Former President and CEO Chairman of the Board of Directors LVA Enterprises CN Investment Division ALTA, A.S. Enzo Viscusi Chris A. Eyra Harry Raduege, Jr. Senior Vice President Managing Director Chairman Eni Group Legacy Venture Deloitte Center for Cyber Innovation Bengt Westergren Seema Khan Former President, Central Europe John Richardson and Former Soviet Union William Glynn Policy Advisor American International Group, Inc. Chairman Madariaga – College of Europe ISB Global Ventures Foundation Tarik Yilmaz Professor of Psychiatry Lance Lord John A. Roberts, Jr. CEO CEO L2 Aerospace LLC Chilmark Enterprises, Inc.

55 Our Staff

Located in five offices on two continents, our staff comes from 17 countries and speaks 25 languages.

Fellows

Najam Abbas John Izzo Leonid Ryabikhin Greg Austin Hekmat Karzai Deborah Taylor-Tate Danila Bochkarev John Kluge, Jr. J.B. White Kevin Ching T. Michael Moseley Tong Wu Allen Collinsworth Jonathan Mroz Richard Zhao Stu Goldman Ahmed Nazir

Staff

Emina Ajvazoska Adam Krieger Joelle Rizk Adekunle Abodunde Alison Kung Anneleen Roggeman Svetlana Boiko Liza Kurukulasuriya Ekaterina Ryabikhina Christopher Bush Thomas Lynch Oliver Senft Francisco Cadavid Beate Maeder-Metcalf Sarah Stern Damon Clyde Gail Manley Dragan Stojanovski James Creighton Rebecca Mantey Euhwa Tran Allison Doenges Jesal Mehta Liliya Troshina Ingo Dean Jacqueline Miller Irini Tseminidou David Firestein Violeta Mincheva Agnes Venema Kathryn Floyd John Edwin Mroz Konstantin Vidrenko Franz-Stefan Gady Andrew Nagorski Graham Webster Jeremy Hebert Gayane Nanushyan Nathan Wendt Vladimir Ivanov Sarah Neydon Robert Wise Raymond Karam Guenter Overfeld Andrew Yu Piin-Fen Kok Christina Putz Jessica Zimerman Ryan Kreider Karl Rauscher Michael Zumot

Interns

Nazanin Amini Kenneth Hau Patrick Perot McGee Daanish Alam Elizaveta Huttenlocher James Potenza Laith Aquel Shoaib Jillani Kathleen Rende Talin Baghdadlian Marina Jimanez Iglesias Alexander Rico Dawes Cooke Reza Khanzadeh Nathan Posey Thomas Cuffe Annie Kennsington Judith Sabba Anna Frederike Deister Michael McShane Kerriann Sabatini Suzanne De Strooper Shannon Mich Alex Schulman Athina Doutis Isaac Molho Jack Sinden Patricia Gambalova Ardian Mollacebiri Farzaneh Shakeri Shima Gholamimehrabadi Courtney Olsen Nhu Truong Alberto Paul Peiskar

Clockwise from top-left: Euhwa Tran; Jeremy Hebert; Agnes Venema; Michael Zumot; Left to right: 56 Dragan Stojanovski, Alison Kung, Raymond Karam, Christina Putz, Anneleen Roggeman, Jesal Mehta, Franz-Stefan Gady and Thomas Lynch; Andrew Nagorski; Sarah Neydon; Rebecca Mantey; Gail Manley. 57 Kathryn W. Davis 1907-2013

Kathryn W. Davis, a beacon for several generations of activists engaged in a broad array of causes, died on April 23, 2013 at the age of 106. Among the many people who have provided critical support for EWI’s work, Davis was in a class of her own. Throughout her remarkable long life, she was a major force for promoting global peace. EWI President John Mroz offered these reflections on her life and accomplishments.

athryn has served for many years a person of this age been in the hall, as an inspiration to me as well as let alone in the place of honor of the Kto our staff, board and alumni. visiting delegation. Then “just” 100, she Kathryn called me just 10 days before reminded us how important individual her passing at 7:35 a.m. She said: “I passion is towards making the world need to ask you a question—John, I a safer and better place. Kathryn couldn’t sleep well last night. Do you touched the hearts and conscience of think I have done all I could in my life to everyone in the room. promote peace?” "Very few On that same trip, she also traveled to I said, “Certainly yes.” people have Qingdao. We went one day to the out- touched my skirts of the city to a stunningly beauti- “Now John, I trust you,” she retorted. ful mountainous area on the coast. “Don’t humor me. Tell me the truth. life as deeply Above was a famous monastery of Couldn’t I have done more?” early Daoism. It was a steep and rocky as Kathryn. So climb. We asked Kathryn if some of us I went on to explain how she has moti- many others couldn’t wait with her in the cafe below. vated and influenced so many of us in She said, “No, I’d like to go up there if the business of making this a safer and have said that you strong young men can help me.” more prosperous world for all. We are carrying that mission forward for future as well." We procured a chair and carried generations. Kathryn up. Part way, Kathryn asked us to stop. She looked at a gigantic old Kathryn traveled to China with us tree five feet away. We edged off the in 2007. The Chinese officials were path so she could touch the tree. She stunned when Kathryn was given the did, and asked a monk how old the tree place of honor by EWI in the official was likely to be. He said, “much more meeting hall. Never before, according than 1,000 years.” Kathryn immediately to our state council minister host, had flashed her magnificent smile and said,

Opposite page, clockwise from top left: Kathryn Davis receives EWI’s Peace and Conflict Prevention Prize in 2006; 58 Davis in China; Davis and John Mroz; Davis and Henry Kissinger. Kathryn W. Davis 1907-2013

“My goodness, it is wonderful to meet how much value her comments truly something living that is older than me.” added to our proposals. She always In Potsdam a year earlier, Kathryn challenged us to go to the next level. received EWI’s highest award. Stand- ing in the famous building that hosted Our era is dominated by the reality that the Potsdam Conference of Stalin, "Kathryn’s the great powers do not go to war with Roosevelt and Churchill, she delivered each other. In honor of Kathryn’s mem- a talk that remains, for me, one of the legacy of ory, we need to ensure that this re- most stirring accounts of EWI’s first promoting peace mains the case. In the coming decades, three decades. She praised EWI for our food, water and jobs will constitute willingness to take decisive action even is a critically the key arenas in which social stability when it included considerable risks. and peace will be determined. Clearly, She said she slept better at night know- important part of Kathryn’s legacy of promoting peace ing EWI was working for peace. our EWI mission. is a critically important part of our EWI mission. Kathryn will long live within us Very few people have touched my life Kathryn will long and always in the history and legacy of as deeply as Kathryn. So many oth- what we stand for—a disparate group ers have said that as well. Last June, live within us of women and men from the developed Kathryn convened leaders from the top and always in and emerging nations coming together institutions that she supported—from to make this a safer and better world Princeton and Middlebury College to the history and for our children and grandchildren. EWI and the Monterrey Institute. She challenged us on several fronts. We legacy of what we No one did that better than our friend formed working groups and reported stand for." and mentor, Dr. Kathryn W. Davis. She to her. Kathryn took our ideas and with even made sure that her financial her usual frankness, several times support for EWI's work continues into expressing disappointment that we had the future. May each of us aspire to do not managed to go further in our think- more for peace, as individuals and as ing. In each case we were astounded part of EWI. Thank you, Kathryn.

59 Founded in 1980, the EastWest Institute is a global, action-oriented think-and-do tank. EWI tackles the toughest international problems by:

Convening for discreet conversations representatives of institutions and nations that do not normally cooperate. EWI serves as a trusted global hub for back-channel “Track 2” diplomacy, and also organizes public forums to address peace and security issues.

Reframing issues to look for win-win solutions. Based on our special relations with Russia, China, the United States, Europe and other powers, EWI brings together disparate viewpoints to promote collaboration for positive change.

Mobilizing networks of key individuals from both the public and private sectors. EWI leverages its access to intellectual entrepreneurs and business and policy leaders around the world to defuse current conflicts and prevent future flare-ups.

The EastWest Institute is a non-partisan, 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization with offices in New York, Brussels and Moscow and Washington. Our fiercely guarded independence is ensured by the diversity of our international board of directors and our supporters.

EWI New York Center EWI Brussels Center 11 East 26th St. Rue de Trèves, 59-61 20th Floor Brussels 1040 New York, NY 10010 32-2-743-4610 1-212-824-4100

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