Cybersecurity: FORGING SOLUTIONS

>> In this issue: President’s The U.S. and China: Building Trust Message Pathways to Peace: Reconciliation with the Taliban

Women lawmakers Meet in Islamabad

Nuclear Discussion Forum

EWI LEADERs: F. francis najafi

ewi alumni: sonja licht

EWI WORLDWIDE CYBERSECURITY SUMMIT 2011 Cybersecurity: FORGING SOLUTIONS

etween the phone hacking scandal at the News of the World and widespread theft of personal data from corporate databases, it was a busy summer for cybersecurity – and for EWI’s to everything from fighting cyber crime to ensuring BWorldwide Cybersecurity Initiative. Launched in 2009, that emergency communications can traverse crowded EWI’s initiative brings together corporate and govern- telecommunications networks. ment partners to protect our world’s digital infrastructure. “I think there is a recognition by all governments, including my own, of the importance of securing cyber- On June 1-2, EWI hosted the Second Worldwide Cyber- space – the recognition that there has to be coopera- security Summit in London, which convened more than tion between governments and the private sector,” said 450 business, government and technical experts from Latha Reddy, Deputy National Security Adviser of India, 43 countries. The aim: to find new practical solutions speaking at the summit. > Worrying Numbers Highlights Here’s a look at how world experts saw the cybersecurity challenge at the London cybersecurity summit. Developments 81% 54% 84% agree that bold steps are needed doubt that their organization THINK THAT THE CYBERSE- immediately to address the lack (business, agency) is capable CURITY RISK WE FACE TO- of trust in the integrity of ICT of defending itself against a DAY IS HIGHER COMPARED Latest News from EWI’s Inititatives development and supply sophisticated cyber attack TO ONE YEAR AGO

EastWest Institute EWI WORLDWIDE CYBERSECURITY SUMMIT 2011 Advises Congressional Cybersecurity Caucus Cybersecurity: Forging Solutions

On July 7, EWI experts appeared on Capitol Hill before Rep. Michael McCaul President’s Message (R-Texas) and Rep. James R. Langevin (D-Rhode Dear Readers, Island), leaders of the 112th Congres- sional Cybersecurity Caucus, as well as any of you have suggested that EWI step up communications on what assorted staffers to share the work of we are achieving and how we see the world. This new and improved issue the Second Worldwide Cybersecurity of Highlights, EWI’s newsletter, is a step in that direction. The past three Summit. months can be best characterized by continued profound uncertainty Mamidst a seemingly infinite number of new and emerging threats to stability. Even The goal was to help U.S. policymak- changes like those in the Middle East represent vast uncertainty — we are living ers begin to imagine how countries can through Act 1: Scenes 1 or 2 of the saga of nations, from Egypt to Libya. work together to protect cyberspace - a formidable challenge. In the beginning of June, over 450 private and public sector experts from 43 countries came together at EWI’s Second Worldwide Cybersecurity Summit to One key to international collaboration, exchange ideas, build trust and seek solutions to threats to cyberspace. Our China- according to Lt. General (Ret.) Harry D. U.S. bilateral joint publication on fighting spam has been hailed by private sector Raduege, Jr., Chairman of the Deloitte and governments alike around the world. A month after the summit, a panel of EWI Center for Cyber Innovation, is the kind experts shared that work on Capitol Hill, appearing before members of Congress’s of networking and information-sharing Cybersecurity Caucus. made possible by the summit.

This summer, we made strides in building trust in one of the toughest neighbor- “What encourages me is that we had se- hoods in the world, bringing together Afghan and Pakistani leaders in Abu Dhabi for nior representatives from governments the third in a series of confidential meetings. EWI also organized the first delegation and corporations,” said Raduege, who > Private sector leadership was a dersea cables that carry over 99% of of female Afghan parliamentarians to Islamabad, where they met with and secured is also a member of EWI’s President’s running theme at the summit and at intercontinental Internet messages, agreements for assistance from their Pakistani peers – a pivotal step in estab- Advisory Group. a unique event that followed on July EWI partnered with IEEE to begin an lishing mutual understanding and strengthening the political voices of women in 7, when EWI experts appeared on advocacy program called the Reliability both countries. In late July, EWI and the China Institute of International Studies in The experts also emphasized the im- Capitol Hill before Rep. Michael McCaul of Global Undersea Cable Commu- Beijing brought together leading Chinese and American experts, including two U.S. portance of private-public partnerships (R-Texas) and Rep. James R. Langevin nications Infrastructure (ROGUCCI). four-star generals, to discuss issues of vital strategic importance. or, as U.S. National Security Council’s (D-Rhode Island), leaders of the 112th Working with the International Cable former Acting Senior Director for Congressional Cybersecurity Caucus, Protection Committee, this group is de- We encourage you to participate in upcoming EWI events, including our 8th World- Cyberspace and EWI Director Melissa as well as assorted staffers to share the veloping best practices to help govern- wide Security Conference in Brussels on October 3-5, that is co-sponsored by the Hathaway put it, ongoing conversation work of the cybersecurity summit - part ments reduce cable repair times from G8 and their French presidency. You are welcome to join leaders of non-proliferation between the “geeks” (technical experts) of EWI’s policy advocacy effort. ten weeks to several days. at our high level gathering at the UN on nuclear weapons reduction, which will and the “wonks” (policy leaders). Learn More feature UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon. Please visit our website at ewi.info for Private partners also play a large role in What’s next? Cybersecurity issues will more information on how you can be involved with EWI. We appreciate your support EWI will continue to bring the work of EWI’s ongoing breakthrough initiatives, be high on the agenda at the Eighth Mobilizing for International Action, and interest. the cybersecurity initiative to the at- small groups of international experts Worldwide Security Conference in Brus- the report from the Second tention of the policy community in the who meet on an ongoing basis to ad- sels on October 3. The Third Worldwide Worldwide Cybersecurity Summit Yours, months ahead. dress specific cybersecurity threats. Cybersecurity Summit will be held in in London is available at For example, to protect the vital un- New Delhi, October 30-31, 2012. www.ewi.info/london2011

John Edwin Mroz 2 EWI Highlights | FALL 2011 www.ewi.info www.ewi.info EWI Highlights | FALL 2011 3 Women in National Parliaments

Highlights Percentage of female members of national legislatures as of June 30, 2011 Source: IPU 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

KUWAIT JAPAN KAZAKHSTAN U.K. AUSTRALIA SPAIN BELGIUM SAUDI ARABIA MALAYSIA U.S.A. ISRAEL ITALY CANADA GERMANY ANGOLA FINLAND QUATAR NIGERIA SOUTH AFRICA BRAZIL THAILAND INDONESIA UGANDA ARGENTINA CUBA RWANDA CHINA IRAQ SWEDEN IRAN SRI LANKA INDIA TURKEY POLAND PAKISTAN MEXICO TANZANIA MOZAMBIQUE Developments LEBANON ALGERIA RUSSIA FRANCE AFGHANISTAN DENMARK ICELAND PHILLIPPINES

Women Parliamentar- The U.S. and China: Building Trust ians Meet in Islamabad Pathways to Peace: On June 3 and 4, 2011, EWI From July 18 to 22, 2011, EWI led a delegation of senior U.S. experts to Beijing facilitated the first-ever visit Reconciliation with the Taliban between women parliamen- for talks with Chinese officials, scholars, and military representatives tarians from Afghanistan and Pakistan. During a suc- On August 9, 2011, EWI released Seeking Solutions cessful series of meetings, including for Afghanistan: Third Report on the Abu Dhabi one with Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari, the lawmakers resolved to Process, a report based on talks between Afghan and establish an ongoing dialogue to con- Pakistani leaders held in Abu Dhabi nect women lawmakers from both countries. The trip grew out of an EWI-organized conference held at the European Parliament last December, which aimed to help Afghan women Nuclear politicians take a stronger role in governing. Pakistani women MPS art of an ongoing series facili- tor of Regional Security. “The recent Discussion Forum have valuable lessons to share, ac- tated by EWI and sponsored by increase in tensions between Afghani- the Abu Dhabi government, the stan, the U.S. and Pakistan gives reason On July 28, 2011, EWI and the cording to participants, and regular meetings aim to build bilateral for concern.” Permanent Mission of Kazakhstan meetings between women politicians Ptrust and help bring peace to the region. held the fifth and final meeting of the from both countries could help build To build intergovernmental trust, rom President Obama’s meeting During the discussions, whose details Nuclear Discussion Forum at the UN. In bilateral trust. Both Afghan and Pakistani partici- participants recommended creating a with the Dalai Lama to accusa- are kept off-the-record to encour- the forum, UN representatives and pants advised the Afghan government Pakistani body to work with the Afghan tions of cyber espionage leveled age open conversation, participants outside experts confronted political “The delegation was a step forward in to pursue reconciliation with Taliban High Peace Jirga and a new, more effec- at China, the summer of 2011 was recognized Taiwan as the main potential obstacles to achieving a world without terms of changing the face of politics insurgents, and for the U.S. government tive format for talks between the U.S., Fa tense time for U.S.-China relations. At flashpoint in the bilateral relationship of the region,” said Shinkai Karokhail, nuclear weapons. to support that effort. A political settle- Pakistan and Afghanistan. this crucial moment, EWI gave foreign and called for new approaches to the a member of the Afghan Parliament. ment is particularly urgent, according policy elites from both countries the issue. Chaired by Eduardo Ulibarri, Ambas- “It creates solidarity and a common to participants, given that NATO intends Still, participants emphasized that rare chance to speak frankly about the sador of Costa Rica, the final meeting language among women who have to hand over responsibility for Afghani- “reconciliation must be Afghan led and toughest issues. General (ret.) T. Michael “Buzz” Mose- focused on reducing the role of nuclear committed themselves to strongly stan’s security to the Kabul government Afghan owned.” They called on Afghan ley, EWI’s Perot Distinguished Fellow, weapons in security doctrines. In earlier advocate for peace, security and hu- by 2014. authorities to deliver better public ser- During the 5th U.S.-China High Level said that the talks were particularly meetings, participants discussed how to man rights, and stand together for a vices, improve governance and ensure Security Dialogue, a U.S. delegation and valuable because they “set the stage for create a Middle East nuclear weapons common cause.” To speed up reconciliation, participants that reconciliation not jeopardize the Chinese experts hosted by the China beginning to explore the many areas of free zone, managing disarmament and repeated their call for an “address,” or Afghan constitution and human rights. Institute of International Studies (CIIS), potential U.S.-Chinese cooperation.” providing negative security assurances This fall, EWI will release a report standing political office, for the Taliban, “Any return to the Taliban policies of the the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ to Non-Nuclear-Weapon States. capturing the visit’s recommenda- to streamline fragmented negotiations 1990s, including their attempts to ban- think tank, discussed everything from Participants suggested that cooperat- tions, and facilitate a follow-up meet- efforts. ish female education, would be a recipe U.S. arms sales to Taiwan and U.S.- ing on joint humanitarian efforts would “Our common intent to contribute to ing in Kabul. for disaster,” the report states. China military-to-military relations to strengthen relations between the U.S. these issues has led us to come togeth- “Participants agreed that the relation- tensions in the South China Sea and and China’s militaries, and also identi- er despite our political differences,” said ship between the United States, Paki- The Abu Dhabi Process will continue cybersecurity. fied cybersecurity as an arena for col- Byrganym Aitimova, Kazakhstan’s Am- stan and Afghanistan will determine the with a Kabul meeting scheduled for laboration. bassador to the UN. “Our biggest gain is success of reconciliation,” said Guenter mid-September. “Participants on both sides said that that we are all now more optimistic that Overfeld, EWI Vice President and Direc- they came away with new insights into “The lessons we learn from working we can work together in this field.” their interlocutors’ thinking and fresh together can mitigate crises in the ideas for how to keep the U.S.-China U.S.-China relationship, turning them EWI will publish the forum’s main find- relationship moving forward during a into opportunities for an even bigger, ings in September, and present them turbulent period,” said David Firestein, brighter future for both countries,” said at a side panel event at the UN General Learn More EWI’s Vice President of the Strategic CIIS Vice President Dr. Rong Ying. “This Assembly First Committee meeting on Trust-building Initiative and Track 2 Di- is so important, as our bilateral relation- October 24, 2011, that will include a key- Seeking Solutions for Afghansitan, the third report plomacy. “Both sides characterized the ship has a global strategic reach.” note speech delivered by UN Secretary- on the Abu Dhabi Process is available at dialogue as a major success.” General Ban Ki-moon. www.ewi.info/third-abu-dhabi-process-report

Learn more: www.ewi.info/UNday2011 4 EWI Highlights | FALL 2011 www.ewi.info www.ewi.info EWI Highlights | FALL 2011 5 To learn more about EWI staff, Board and alumni, visit www.ewi.info/our-people Highlights ewinstitute EastWestInstitute EastWestInstitute EWIpublications ewinstitute Change Agents Celebrating 30 Years of EWI Explore stories, videos and photos at www.ewi.info/30 People from EWI’s Past and Present

EWI Leaders: F. Francis Najafi EWI Alumni: Sonja Licht EastWest Institute talks with F. Francis Najafi, EWI Board Member Sonja Licht received this year’s George Russell Jr. Alumni Award at EWI’s 30th Anniversary Alumni Celebration Dinner held in New York on May 10, 2011

How did you get involved in EWI? points and seeking win-win solutions, onja Licht knows she can’t EWI guides policy creation to benefit the change the world. “However, first heard about EWI through the safety and security of all global citizens. I never have and won’t stop Young Presidents’ Organization (YPO). believing that the world can IIt piqued my interest, as I’m a lifelong EWI is addressing growing regional Sbecome better, and that you have to believer in global dialogue and com- issues, such as Afghanistan-Pakistan commit yourself in order to achieve munications. One of my dearest friends through the Abu Dhabi Process. The this,” she says. Through her lifelong civic Jerry Hirsch, Lodestar Foundation Chair- early work of EWI continues to pay activism, Licht actually managed to man, invited me to meet EWI President dividends in issues involving Russia. The change her country. and CEO John Mroz. The more I learned, institute was also the first entity to bring the more interested and committed I the Chinese and American militaries Nicknamed “the mother of Serbian became to the ideals of the institute. together, in addition to party members civil society,” Licht is an internationally from both countries. renowned Serbian sociologist, human What about EWI’s mission and work rights and political activist who fought interests you? As a board member, why do you think hard against Slobodan Milosevic’s EWI is a good organization to support regime in the 1990s. Her efforts to instill ow more than ever, timely, open and get involved with? democracy in Serbia included a long, and respectful dialogue is of fruitful collaboration with the EastWest Ncritical importance to our world ’ve been involved with the Institute Institute. out, “International financial institutions cooperation and a network that linked economy, pressing political issues and since early 2000. We are experienc- will invest in economic reconstruction parliamentarians in southeast Europe universal social concerns. The first step Iing a rapid transformation in the Licht traces her activist beginnings but, even if they want to, they are not with members of the European Parlia- toward resolution of any major issue is a world’s political, military and cultural back to 1966, when she took part in a capable to reconstruct devastated ment. secure, trusting environment where op- landscape. We also see “the rise of the student protest against the Vietnam social structures.” posing parties may openly, confidentially rest” as Western industrialized countries War that was shattered by policemen In recent years, Licht has worked to F. Francis Najafi is founder and confidently communicate. increasingly face structural issues—eco- on horseback. She says that her belief In July 1999, just months after the NATO educate Serbian politicians and has and CEO of Pivotal Group, a nomic, financial, societal and environ- in the system was fully shattered in intervention ended, EWI brought togeth- been active on the international stage. leading investment company My greatest interest in the institute is mental. 1968, when she took a prominent role in er Serbian democratic forces to help Appointed to a group of ten eminent focused on private equity and in developing strategic trust, advancing the Belgrade University uprising, which them overthrow the collapsing coun- persons by the Council of Europe, Licht real estate in the Southwest, global diplomacy and facilitating the As our world undergoes these ex- was brutally repressed by the commu- try’s dictator. Sonja Licht became the helped develop a May 2011 report on based in Phoenix, Arizona. resolution of the very serious issues that traordinary adjustments, how do we nist regime. Milan Nikolic, Licht’s friend chair of the Task Force for the Future of building tolerance and civic engage- impact us all. change and adapt? Which institu- and later husband, was sentenced to Yugoslavia, which united and organized ment in Europe – a topic that couldn’t tions can help? prison for the first of three times. Serbia’s democratic opposition, leading be more timely. How do you think EWI addresses to Milosevic’s fall in October 2000. pressing global issues? o me, EWI is one of the few orga- Licht spent the next thirty years fighting Sonja Licht doesn’t think about retire- nizations best positioned to deal injustice and promoting human rights Licht joined EWI’s Board of Directors, ment. “There were moments when I just WI works strategically at a global Twith the most critical global adjust- in the war-torn region. Even during the and worked with the institute to assist in ask myself if all this makes sense, but level, giving it a vantage point to ments for our 21st century economy. It 1999 NATO airstrikes against Serbia, Serbia’s social and economic transition, it doesn’t last for long,” she says. ”I will Eidentify and work through many represents a trust-building forum, in- she remained undaunted, calling for promoting small businesses growth continue to fight for what I believe in, critical issues. By bringing together dependently operating with both public NGOs to begin healing rifts between and Serbian security sector reform, and what I’ve been always fighting for.” That representatives with divergent view- and private leadership. neighbors – immediately. She pointed establishing grassroots cross-border is, civil society.

6 EWI Highlights | FALL 2011 www.ewi.info www.ewi.info EWI Highlights | FALL 2011 7 Highlights

October 11 | Washington, D.C. Ambassador’s Series Dinner, Washington, D.C. Hosted by Ambassador Sergey I. Kislyak, Coming Up the talk will focus on “The Russia-U.S. Eco- nomic Relationship.”

October 12-14 | Washington, D.C. September 12-15 | Kabul September 26-30 | Beijing Fall 2011 Meeting of EWI’s Board of Direc- Fourth Abu Dhabi Process Meeting. Kabul, Third U.S.-China High-Level Political Party tors, Washington, D.C. This three-day event Afghanistan. Funded with the support of the Leaders Dialogue. Senior representatives will include a full day of seminars on EWI’s Abu Dhabi government, these confidential from the Chinese Communist Party and programmatic work and a formal recogni- meetings bring together Afghan and Pakistani prominent U.S. Democrats and Republicans tion dinner held at the United Arab Emirates leaders to build bilateral trust and help bring meet with the aim of increasing contact, Embassy. peace to the region. familiarity and trust between the countries’ political elites. October 17-21 | Lago di Como September 14 | Washington, D.C. Five -Day Retreat on Building National Resil- Seminar and Dinner at the Chinese Embassy, September 29 – October 1 | Oxford ience in the Horn of Africa and the Arabian Washington, D.C. Hosted by Ambassador Ditchley Cybersecurity Conference, co-host- Peninsula. Bellagio Center, Lago di Como, Zhang Yesui, the seminar will focus on “Build- ed by EWI and the Ditchley Foundation. Italy. Developing country representatives ing a Mutually Beneficial Regime for Chinese and others will frame a G20 action plan and Investment in the United States.” October 3-5 | Brussels th a private sector investment action plan as a 8 Worldwide Security Conference: Manag- part of EWI’s work on climate security. September 26-27 | Washington, D.C. ing Business Risk through Policy Entrepre- First meeting of the U.S.-Russia Working neurship, Brussels. Leading policy makers, October 24 | New York Group on Afghan Narcotrafficking. Wash- specialists and business experts will come “A Compass Point for Progress and Account- ington, D.C. Funded with the support of the together to forge breakthroughs on every- ability,” United Nations. In this high profile Carnegie Corporation, this project brings thing from cybersecurity to climate change event, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon will together U.S. and Russian experts to create resilience. lead an assessment of progress made since a Joint Policy Assessment that will suggest October 2008 towards long-term nuclear cooperative measures to undercut Afghan Learn more at www.ewi.info/wsc8 disarmament goals. drug production and trade —a key security issue for both Russia and the U.S.

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Highlights

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