UNDERWATER SPELEOLOGY
MaKh/ April, 1991 • Vol. 18, No.2
Original Cave Diving Painting by John Potter - see page 4 UNDERWATER TABLE OF CONTENTS SPELEOLOGY NEWS The ~ publiadiort of the Gmt Diving Section if the Nationiii Spdtdogiad Scaty, Inc. 3 DNR Advisory Meeting - Mark D. Leonard P.O. Box 950 • Branford, Fl.. 32008-0950 3 A Message from the New Chairman - Frank J--luuiml 4 New TeHord Map to be Released Editor: H. V. GREY at Workshop - Frank Huward P.O. Box 12 • Nokomis, H.. 34274-0012 4 Cave Diving Manual Cover Photo Contest (813) 484-7834 • (813) 484-(,665 (fax) 5 Peacock Ranger Receives Cavern Certification - Terry DeRouin Board of Directors 5 New Underwater Video and Lighting Course - Pete Butt 6 Spring Workshop - Terry Q:R.ouin Copyright C 1991 by the Give lhing Section of the Nati~l Spaeological Society, Inc:. All rights n!SelVed. Director at Large: JIM BoWDEN No portion of ths publicatim may be reproduced without written permission of the NS& 2 • VNDERWA'I"ffi SP8.Hx.oGY • Vol. 18, No. 2 • Man:h/ April, 1991 DNR ADVISORY MEETING by Mark leonard (NSS #23292), VIce-Chairman n :March 8 of this year, my wife, may only receive an honor box system There is talk of a family annual pass 0 Debbie, and I attended the of $1.00 per car. that would save money for the family, Recreational User Groups Advisory Many old fees are being eliminated but at this time there is no amount fig Meeting at Wekiwa Spring Park with and new ones are being created. For ex ure on the cost the Department of Natural Resources ample, we were supposed to be paying While these fees represent an in (ONR). This was a semiannual meet both a diving and an entrance fee. Now aease, I feel that with the state in a ing where groups like theNSS.COSam the diving fee will rover the entrance budget crunch it is a lot better than dos express our feelings on many an issue fee, too. There will be no difference be ing the parks altogether. For informa to the Director of Parks, Fran Mainella. tween state residents and out-of-state tion purposes, last year the divers and The Department was made up of John residents. horseback riders contributed $40,(XX) Baust, Chief of Bureau of Recreational total revenue to the parks. With the fee Entrance Fee: $3.25 per vehicle with Umds Management; George Apthorp, increase they anticipate the up to 8 people per vehicle total to be Operations & Management Consult $60,(XX). That $60,(XX) is 0.3% (or not ant; and Kathleen Brown. The main 1 Day Diving: $5.00 per person even a third of one percent) of the total topic discussed at this meeting was the $20,(XX),(XX) budget Special Annual upcoming fee manges. Pass: $40.00 - this On a much nirer note, I talked to pass would include diving at Before I explain these let us look at all Fran Mainella about the rumor that spring diving parks. (Also some background. As I'm sure you Peacock Springs will be dosed. She included is horseback riding on know, Florida is in a budget crunch. said thatshedoesnotseenow or foresee your own horse at parks where Governor Lawton Chiles ordered a the possible permitted.) dosing of Pmrock Springs. mandatory 5% per.;onnel cut aaoss the She intends to keep it open. One option board. This cut is in addition to many Annual Commercial Pass: $100.00 - that may happen in the future is a re- cuts in other funding. Services in the good for 1 instructor and 1 quest for volunteers to staff it on the park cost money to run. In an attempt assistant, but not good for weekend. Hit comes to that I feel that to keep service at its cunmt level and students. a am not sure who the cave-diving community could get not dose any parks, a fee increase is would buy this when they am get this accomplished in order to keep the being proposed. It would go into effect 2 Special Annual Passes for park open.• around July 1, 1991. Peacock Springs $80.00.) A MESSAGE FROM THE NEW CHAIRMAN by Frank Howard (Nss #27187), Chairman ollowing the election of three new of the 1991 Spring Workshop scheduled servative approaches. Then come to F board members, your Board of for May 25-26 in Branford, Florida The the Spring Workshop and participate in Directors reorganized with individual program will be organized to review a community review of our collective responsibilities as shown in the front of the traditional disciplines, procedures judgments. this publication. Your Boani has under and techniques which have served cave We must develop a greater respect taken several new projects which will divers so well over the years and to as for the demands of SAFE CAVE be outlined in this column in coming is sess innovations needed to improve DIVING. And it must be done with in sues of UWS. margins of safety. telligenre and skill. The cave-diver ac During the past two years the cave I urge each and every one of you to cident rate must be reduced. diving community has experienced a perform a critical review of your own Please arrange your schedules to at sharp increase in the number of fatal ac cave-diving practices and techniques: tend this important Workshop May 25- cidents involving trained cave divers. inspect your equipment as you did in 26 in Branford, which will address those This trend must be reversed. Your preparing for your first cave dives; actions which make cave diving safe. A Board has designated 1991 as cave review the pace at which you are ex program for advanced training ac diving's year for getting "Back to panding your cave-diving horizons tivities will also be provided. • Basics.'' and insure that you are developing new "Back to Basics" will be the theme skills at a moderate rate and with con- Vol. 18, No. 2 • March/ April, 1991 • UNDERW~ SrE:l.FDta:;y • 3 NEW TELFORD MAP TO BE RELEASED AT WORKSHOP by Frank Howard new map of the Telford Spring rowaged for all cave divers as an in 0050. The price is $12.00. A lower section will be released to tegral part of safe cave-diving proce Other maps are in development to the mve-diving rommunity for the first dures. be added to the NSS-CDS inventory time at the Spring Workshop, May 25- Reading and interpretation of un over the next year. The most significant 26, at Branford, florida The derwater Telford cave maps is included in our is a map of the Devil's Ear Spring, which Spring underwater mve map being mve-diver training . However, all cave is targeted for release at the 1991 Winter prepami by Kelly Brady is in the final divers are enrouraged to incrmse their Workshop. stages of mrtography and is expeded knowledge and skill in the use of mve The cav~iving community has to be released to the NSS-CDS Maps maps by taking the NSS-Cl)S Special seen a sharp incrmse in the number of Project Coordinator in March, 1991. Course in "Underwater Surveying." trained cav~iver fatalities over the The Telford Spring map will be avail John Burge and Frank Howard will past two years. The NSS-CDS Board of able in full-size bl~line ropies and in present this rourse again at the Spring photo-miua!d laminated prints. Workshop. Directors is providing leadership for a Laminated prints sold by the CDS ALLmvedivers who have not taken "Back to Basics" review of mve-diver are suitable for use in the field and may this training are enrouraged to attend. practices and procedures by ALLCAVE be CAVE DIVING MANUAL COVER ART COVER PHOTO CONTEST THIS ISSUE he Section's new Cave Diving everything was proceeding right on e are very pleased this issue to T Manual is slated for release at the schedule. W feature an original painting 1991 Winter Workshop. This rom We plan on having a beautiful full created by artist/cave diver John Potter. prehensive new manual, being roor color cover, and the CDS Board of John is a graduate of the prestigious dinated by our most prolific author and Directors has decided to run a Cover Ringling School of Art and D:!sign in editor, 1iaining Chairman Joe Prosser, Photo Contest to enrowage our mem Sarasota, Aorida, and his patrons have will replace the old NSS Cave Diving bers and subscribers to submit rolor included the United Nations and the in Manual, which has been out of print photographs of cave-diving subjects for ternational dive organization, CM.A.S., now for several years. ronsideration for use on the front and in Paris, France. He has also done The new manual will comprise back rovers of the new manual. numerous illustrations for newspapers chapters written by some of our very Further details of the Contest will be and magazines, wall mwals and shirt finest underwater mve explorers, announced in the next issue of UWS, designs. We will be featuring more of equipment technologists, and medical but the winner(s) will receive valuable his underwater cave art in future issues. authorities. Every effort is being made awards including a free membership to Forfurtherinformationaboutobtaining an to make it as romprehensive and up to the Divers Alert Network, with cham original painting, ron tact: date as possible. ber insurance. (Runners up will be fea John Potter 3323 S Joe reported at the last board meet tured on the front rover of UWS.) So .W. 31st Dr. #14A Gainesville, FL 32609 ing that he was very enrowaged by the start looking through your photo~r (904) 338.0055 (res) enthusiasm and reponses received get your cameras out • from authors thus far and said that 392-2411 (bus) • 4 • llNDERwATER SPE'.lE.oLocY • Vol. 18, No. 2 • March/ April, 1991 PEACOCK RANGER RECEIVES CAVERN CERTIFICATION by Terry DeRouin n the weekend of January 20th, signed to the Peacock Springs Recrea offered at no charge by myself 0 1991, Carmen Bales, Aorida State tional Area. fu the interests of being bet (Carmen's instructor), the NSS.CDS, Park Officer (that's two steps up from ter able to serve the cave-diving com and Divers Supply. We hope that this Ranger) of Peacock Springs State Park, munity and because of her own interest is a continuation of good relations be received her NSS.CDS Cavern Diver in Florida caves, Carmen has started up tween the State of Florida and the cave certification Carmen Bales has been the road towards Full Cave Diver cer diving community. Congratulations, with the State of Florida Park Service for tification. Carmen!. several years, but was just recently rur 1he training of the park officers was NEW UNDERWATER Welcome To VIDEO AND Mary Garvin Special thanks go to Mary Garvin of LIGHTING COURSE Tallahassee, Aorida, who has volun teered to handle the future mailings of by Pete Butt nderwater filmmaker and ex next'quantum jump' in vision and ex U plorer Wes Skiles is now offering pertise." "Principles of Underwater Video and Also covered in the course is the use Gear For Sale lighting Techniques," a comprehen of support equipment and lighting sys sive two-day program open to all divers tems. Students will take on the different Tekna Scooter, no who want to improve their skills with roles typically involved in a profes charger - $650 Ocmnic 3000 Til.. Strobe (incl. arm, underwater video, lighting, and sional shoot, including directing, production. cord, grip), used 1 time- $500 Wes Skiles is internation modeling, and lighting. The program ally known for bringing back under Nikonos 4A Camera, like new - $300. concludes with an introduction to edit water images from some of the most Seaquest ADV BC, navy I gray, size ing. Participants are encouraged to challenging environments on the pla medium, excellent condition - $150 bring their own camera and at least one net, as seen on National Geographic Ex Call Sondie at (904) 462-3997. • underwater video light All other re plorer, and on various U.S. and foreign lated equipment, such as off-camera networks. An active lecturer and dive video lights, tripods, ftltcrs, instructor for over 15 years, Wes is of reflectors, storyboards, fering this new program to divers who etc., are supplied for use want to create dynamic and profes during the program. Expired sional-looking underwater videos. 1he program is being taught at the '1'm very excited about this pro Karst Productions Studio in High Memberships gram, as it teaches many challenging Springs, Florida, and will utilize Ginnie principles in a very innovative and fun Springs Resort as the site for most Please check your mailing label to manner," says Skiles. 'There's so much diving and fieldwork. Next course make sure your CDS membership or to think about while you're diving, that dates are April ~21, June ~9, August UWS subscription has not expired. it's often difficult at best to 10-11, and September 7-8. create work Afterthisissue,anyonewho'slabeldate ing sequences that tell an exciting and Persons interested in more informa reads earlier than "(05-91)" will be entertaining story to your viewers. This tion or registration should call or write dropped from the mailing list and from program is designed to teach you how Karst Productions at P.O. Box 1368, the official NSS.CDS roster. We don't to manage techniques and to develop High Springs, FL 32643, (904) 454-3556. want to drop anyone unjustly, so please your own style, so you can make that • examine your label carefully. • Vol. 18, No. 2 • March/ April, 1991 • UNDBM'ATER SrEr.mwc;y • 5 NSS-CDS SPRING WORKSHOP .. BACK TO BASICS.. by Terry DeRouin (NSS #29395). Workshop coordinator emorial Dayweekend is the time maintenance of equipment, diving old good-time fun will be offered in M to pian for the National physiology, gas-handling techniques, abundance to all. Speleological Society - Cave Diving and more. This year's workshop is being ro Section's Spring Workshop. This year, This year's workshop will offer in chaired by Terry DeRouin and Bill the Workshop will get "BACK TO teresting presentations for newcomers Foote, two people who bring an active BASICS." It will be a great time to learn and experienced cavers alike. Sunday interest and vitality to cave diving in more about the roots of cave diving will also host many hands-on work general. with an emphasis on safety procedures. shops like the ever-popular Survey A pre-registration form is enclosed. Topics will include areas like the Workshop, a Nitrox course, and, for the For more information contact basics of training and safety, speleo first time, a series of caving "Olympics" NSS Cave Diving Section genesis (caw formation), cave photog for divers and non-divers alike. Prizes, P. 0. Box950 raphy and video techniques, basic awards, food, wndors, and just a plain Branford, FL 32(m..0050 • THE SAFETY LINE ---~ by Wendy Short (NSS #30802), Safety Coordinator South ttitudes. Everyone has them. practice. Some improper attitudes in An example of this would be not Some are good and A some are not clude: cavalierness or casualness, thrill gapping the jump from the main line to so good. Webster defines altitude as "a seeking, instant expert, perreiving su the Mud Thnnel in Uttle River. Maybe mental position or feeling with regard periority, competitiveness, peer you've done that shortcut dozens of to a fact; a state of mind influencing the destructive behavior, cheating death, or times and nothing's happened. It's all response to a stimulus." This says a showing off to impress people. You too easy to think nothing will ever hap positiveattitudecan help in undesirable constantly need to reassess your pen (it hasn't yet). Until it does. This circumstances. roosons for cave diving. It will not only is known as "perceived risk." Your Have any of your open-water make you aware of your real feelings, belief, or attitude, does not friends (ifyouassociatewithany)asked but should makedivingmoreenjoyable minimize the reality of risk, it probably you what you see in caw diving? This once you' rein touch with those feelings. increases it Situations become may seem like an obvious question at Most factors influencing diving more dangerous if your attitudes first, but you should analyze why you safety are attitude related and reflect a toward technique and reallygotintocavedivingand why you desire to be safe. Unsafe acts invariably safety become slack. The last person to continue. (Not neressarily what you result from an unsafe attitude or lack of recognize complacency is the person tell people.) Your attitude towards cave skill. The risk involved is related to the who practires it. H you develop unsafe diving often reflects your safety habits. style of practice and attitude. You must attitudes, you develop unsafe habits. Motivation plays an important role perceive that a risk exists. It is Attitude is so important and in a safe approadt and attitude toward dangerous to start taking shortcuts or paramount to safety that there is not cave diving. Motivation mirrors the breaking rules without consciously enough room to cover all the issues mental attitude of the diver. Take a mo realizing you are developing unsafe at here. So, you guessed it! We'll rontinue ment to analyze your roosons for cave titudes. It's the easy passages you've this in the next issue. You may have al diving. Some proper motivations are: done a dozen times that will get you, ready made a subconscious decision exploration, learning, challenge, ad ven because you can become lazy or indif not to read the next ''Safety Une." Bad ture, beauty, geology, camaraderie or ferent, and you tend to relax and be attitude! • buddies, or improving your skills with rome romplacent. 6 • UNOERW..mR SrEl.EolocY • Vol. 18, No. 2 • March/ ApriL 1991 WATER VELOCITIES IN UNDERWATER CAVES OF FLORIDA by William l. Wilson (NSS #12231 Fellow) ne of the compensations for turn Velocities of flow in explorable under ventofWekiwaSpring,OrangeCounty. 0 ing a cave dive is the joy of letting water cave passages, under gradients At a depth of 15' is a horizontal passage, the current propel you through the typical of Florida, commonly range 2.5' high and 6' wide. Waterdischatges cave. Compared to crawling and from 0.05-05 ft/s. Obviously, velocities from the passage at an average velocity scrambling through an air-filled cave, less than O.ffi ft/s may occur, and zero of 3.6 ft/ s,as measured with a Price AA soaring through an underwater cave, flow will occur in dead-end passages. current meter. The high velocity has with the current at your back, is pure At a few constrictions, velocities at least prevented penetration of a passage that fun. as high as 3.6 ft/s occur for short dis obviously goes. The velocity was Although most divers have a sense tanres. The relative sensation of rurrent measured by Bill Wilson, Bruce r::>ean of the relative strength of currents, very strength is described in Table 1. and Barbara Smith, on May 18, 1989, in few velocities have been measured and In order to give some scale to the cooperation with Wekiwa Spring State reported. Velocity of flow is commonly diver's perception of relative current Park. of interest to hydrologists, because it, strength, I propose the following Croaker Hole is a subriver spring on and distance, determine the amount of velocity classes for water following the floor of the St. Johns River, at an en time required for pollution from a point through caves in the Horidan Aquifer: largement of the channel called little source to reach a well or spring. The Lake George, Putnam County. The dis purpose of this article is to describe charge emerges through a passage, briefly the range of water velocities in TABLE2 which, at its smallest point, is 7.5' high underwater caves of florida, and give Current Class Velocity Range and 85' wide. 1he average velocity at some examples from well-known dive None Detectable Less than 0.05 ftls the smallest sites. point is 15 ft/s, as Slow 0.05 os 0.1 ftls measured with a Price AA rurrent Accurate velocities for many under Medium 0.10 s 0.50 ftls meter. 1he velocity was measured by water cave systems were determined High 0.50 s 1.50 ftls Bill Wilson, Diane Wilson and Rick either by direct measurement (counting Very High More than 1.50 ftls Spechler, Hydrogeologist, revolutions on a Price AAcurrentmeter U.S. Geologi cal Survey, Altamonte Springs, while cave diving), quantitative dye on February 24, 1991. tracing, or by dividing discharge by The highest sustained velocity yet In Devil'sEar Spring, cross-sectional area of the passage. measured directly, ocrurred in the main Santa Fe River, Gilchrist County, at the bottom of the entrance shaft, water discharges from a TABLE 1 horizontal passage that is 13.8' high and 2-7 wide. The water velocity ranges VELOCITY DESCRIPTION OF CURRENT STRENGTH from 1.0 ft/s near the bottom of the pas sage to 2.3 ft/s near the top. The 0.01 ftls or less Water movement is essentially imperceptible by diver. Clay and/or velocity was measured by Bill Wuson, sitt may be present on floor. Bob Wilson and Terri Skiles with a hand-held Price AA runmt meter, on 0.05 Ills Water movement barely perceptible to an observant diver. Si• may April 24, 1988. be present on floor. The main passage, between Devil's 0.10 ft/s Water movement apparent to a casually observant diver. Current Ear Spring and the Ups, is generally 22' perceived as noni>f'oblematic lor advancement by swimming. Fine high and 19' wide. The passage is sand may be present on floor. somewhat irregular in shape, having a 0.50 ft/s Current perceived as strong. Requires substantial effort to swim narrower, canyon-like slot, ap against. Advancement requires pulling. Gravel may be present. proximately 6' high and 4' wide, in the Cl..'iling. The cross-sectional area is ap 3.00 ft/s or more Life-threatening current. Mask will be ripped off if diver does not proximately 260 ft2. Dividing by the lace into flow. Impossible to swim against. Pulling is possible but if grip is lost, diver wiU be blown away with dire consequences. Only average combined discharge of 212 cobbles and boulders present on floor, except lor gravel in shattered ff /s for Devil's Eye and Dcvil's Ear alcoves. Springs, yields an average velocity in the passage of approximately 0.8 ft/s. Vol. 18, No. 2 • March/ April, 1991 • UNGRWA'fffi SPEunnc;y • 7 The velocity across the height and sages are fairly large, having typical to Ginnie Spring at an average velocity width of the~ varies widely be dimensions of 10' high and 30' wide. of 35 ft/hr and to Dogwood Spring at cause of the irregular cross section. This suggests that approximately 33 an average velocity of 65 ft/hr. Mostofthevelocitiesareprobablymore ce /s of water is flowing through most In Wcikulla Spring, 13 miles south of than 0.5 ft/s. of the passages in the anastomotic Tallahassee, the A Tunnel averages 40' The passage just inside the begin cavern network high and 80' wide and has an a~ ningofthe lipsis35' highand21' wide, At the grate in Ginnie Spring, proximately rectangular cross section. which indicates the cross-sectional area Gilchrist County, the water velocities In the first 1000' of the passage, the A is 73.5 ~- Assuming that all of the flow vary ronsiderably across the width and Tunnel ronveysan average discharge of that emerges from Devil's Eye and height of the grate, rnnging from 0.66 to 390 ~ /s, so the average velocity is a~ ~'sEar Springs passes through the 3.6 ft/s. The highest velocity occurs on proximately 0.1 ft/s. Lips, then at the average rombined dis the right-hand side facing into the cur Cave passages rommonly trnnsport dlarge of 212 cr Is, the velocity through rent. The average velocity across the water thousands to tens of thousands the Lips averages approximately 29 entire grate is 1.6 ft/s when the spring of times faster than the intergranular ft/s. However, the velocity may be is discharging its typical flow of a~ spares and small cracks in the rock. The somewhat slower; approximately 2.5 proximately 40 ~ /s. The water velo efficiency of caves makes them a major ft/s, boolusesomeofthedisdlargemay cities were measured by Bill Wllson and factor for ground-water transport. be going around the sides or below the Bob Wilson, with a hand-held Price AA Water velocity is one of the basic physi breakdown blodcs that form the Ups. current meter, on April24, 1988. cal parameters that can be measured or Quantitative dye tracing has shown Some of the slowest velocities yet estimated by divers. It would be very that the average velocity of flow observed were established by quantita helpful to include notes about water through most of the Devil's Eye Cave tive dye tracing from wells south of velocities on cave maps and in cave System is 0.14 ft/s. Many of the pas- Ginnie Spring. The dye was ronveyed desaiptions. • CAVE DIVING LITERATURE: CURRENT PERSPECTIVES by Milledge Murphey, .Ph.D. rom the early cave-diving publica selected listing of cave-diving book ref erenres may be mailed to my attention F tions to the present-day journalis ermres for reader review. 'This listing at the following address: tic scene, there are included many in is obviously notromplete; rather, it ron teresting and informative articles, tains some of the book referenres that Milledge Mutphey, Ph.D. books, monographs, and other publica are of interest I also include a listing of 309-BFI...G tions. Most cave divers, and many of selected periodical referenres for those University of florida the divers who participate only in the who are interested in the pursuit of Gainesville, Fl. 32611 open-water sector, are vitally inle'ested. cave-diving topics which they may ron in reading about cave explorers and lain from time to time. their aamnplishments. In fact, few ad It is interesting to note that cave SELECTED CAVE-DMNG venture stories are as exciting and diving publication has dramatically in REFERENCES spellbinding as are the real-life ex creased in the recent past with ronsid perienres of elite cave divers. erable documentation in both scientific BOOKS Interestingly, the appeal is great for journals and books written on the sub Banbury, J., ed. 1972. Proa.edings of the all who read of these exploits, not solely ject. The attached listing is selected ~ Fifth Annual Seminar on Care Diving. scuba divers and other cave divers. The from those books related to subaquatic Gainesville, R..: NACO. media, especially in Rorida, frequently speleology which appear to be of inter Bedford, B. 1990. Care Diving:-The Care editorialize about cave-diving activity, estin the rontext of present diving prac \ Diving Group Manual. Somerset, often with les.Ythan-accurate reporting, tices. While certainly not complete, the England: Mendip Publishing, Castle and almost always with b1tle know listing does give the reader the flavor of Cary Press. ledge, unless they rontact and inter material which is available in book Briel, L.l. and D.A. Desautels. (1968). view cave divers before going to press. form. Should readers have knowledge Prcxmiings of the First Seminar on Care Recently, I have been aslarl to develop of additional books on cave diving, Diving. Gainesville, R..: NACO. a selected listing of cave-diving-related please submit them to the author for in !unnell, D. 1988. Sea Caves of Santa Cruz literature and am now providing a clusion in an updated listing. Such ref- lslmrd. Santa Barbara, CA: McNeely & 8 • lJNDERwA.TER 5PrunoGY • Vol18, No.2 • March/ April, 1991 Loflin, Publishers. Communications. Branford, FL: NSS.. National Association of Unden"·ater Burge,J. 1988. Basic UruierlmlerCave Sur CDS. Instructors. veying. Branford, Fl..: NSS-CDS. Prosser, J., M. Lronard, & L. Hires. 1989. The Undersea Journal, Erickson, R., eel., Burgess, RF. 1976. The Cave Dirers. New NSS Student Cave Diver Workshop. Santa Ana, CA: Professional Associa York: Dodd, Mead & Co. Branford, FL: N5S-CDS. tion of Diving Instructors. Exley, S. 1977. Operations Manual: Schenck, W., o:l . 1975. Procmlings of the UIS Care Diving Magazine, Fabbricatore, Hornsby Springs Speleological Survey. Sixth and Seventh Annual N.A.C.D. A., Erl., Gorizia, Italy: Union Intema Gainesville, H..: NACO. Seminars and Research Papers by tionale de Spelrologie. Exley, S. & R. Friroman. 1974. Mapping NA.C.D. Instructor Candidates. Undercurrent, Davidson, B.,o:l., New York: Underwater Owes. Gainesville, H..: Gainesville, FL: NACO. Atrom Publishers, Inc. NACO. Stone, W.C.,o:i. 1989. TheWakullaSprings Underwater Speleology, Grey, H.V., eel. I;x!ey, S. & I.F. Young, o:ls. 1982. National Projed. Derwood, MD: United States Branford, H..: NSS..CDS. Speleologicm Society Cave Diving Deep Caving Team. Underwater USA, Pcton, T., Erl., Manua1. Branford, H..: NSS-CDS. Zurnrick, J.L., M.D., J.J. Prosser, and H.V. Bloomsburg, PA: Press Enterprises, .Exley, S. 1979. Basic Cave Diving: a Grey. 1988. NSS Cavern Diving Inc.• Blueprint for Suroiwl. Branford, FL: Manua1. Branford, FL: N5S-CDS. NSS-CDS. Farr,M. 1984. TheGreatCavingAdventure. PERIODICALS & JOURNALS Somerset, England: The Oxford Press, Aqua-Field Sportsman: Scubapro Diving & Ltd. Snorkding, Ferber, S., ed., Point Farr, M. 1900. The Darkness Beclams. Lon Pleasant, NJ: Aqua Field Pubs, Inc. don, England: Diadem Books, Ltd. Aquatics, Simons, T.S., o:l., Atlanta, GA: 60' VIEW Fmley, C. 1980. Hand Signals for Cave Communications Channels, Inc. Diving. Gainesville, Fl..: NACO. Asamt lines, National YMCA Scuba Pro Gamba, R 1972. CMA.S. International gram, Atlanta, GA: YMCA. Desire Diving Manua1: Underuxlter S-,xleology; Buddy lines, National YMCA Scuba Pro stronger than fear Fresh Water Diving. Paris, France: Con gram, Atlanta, GA: YMCA. of unknown faces and places federation Mondiale des Activities CMAS Bulletin, Bibas, M., Erl., Paris, and depths. Subaquatiques. France: Confederation Mondiale des Home, P. 1990. Resean:hHandbookforCave Activities Subaquatiques. Break the deep Dirers. Adelaide, Australia: Author. Dive Boot Calendar & Trarel Guide, Boone. and enter other worlds Kastning, E.H. 1978. Cares and Karst C, ed., Fountain Valley, CA: Total where beauty abounds Hydrology of the Southeastern Edwards Marketing Publications. from above, inside, Plaleau, Texas. Austin, TX: University Fisheye VJeW, Burr, R.V., eel., Coral Gables, of Texas. A..: Q.L. Tech, Inc. around. Kerley, B.B. 1981. NA.C.D. Cavern Diving Rorida Scum News, Nettles, L., Erl., Jack Course Manual. High Springs, FL: sonville, H..: Wet Set Publications, Inc. And no gravity NACO. ln Depth, Shoke, J., ed., Austin, TX: this atmosphere is free I..avaur, G. (Undated.) Owes and Cave Divesports Publishing. limited only as you breathe Diving. London, England: The Scien Journal of the National Association for Cave by your very tific Book Oub. Diving, Oesi, D., o:l., Gainesville, FL: humanity. lewis, I. & P. Stace. 1980. Cave Diving in NACO. Inhale - rise up, Australia. Adelaide, South Australia: The NACD Journal, Gerrard, S., ed., exhale and fall The Cave Divers Association of Gainesville, A..: NACO. undulating rhythm Australia. The NSS Bulletin, Journal of Caves and Karst in hannony with all. ,.Mount, T., Erl. 1973. Safe Cave Diving. Studies, Aurkey, A.J., o:l., Huntsville, High Springs, FL: NACO. AL: National Spelrological Society. Mount, T. 1972. Introduction to Cave NSS News, Rhodes, Dand G. Rhodes, Erls., In calm comes into focus Diving. Montclair, CA: NACO. Huntsville, AL: National Spelrological awareness of the mystery NACO. 1983. NA.C.D. Safety Nfanage Society. conscious connection to ment Recommendtltions for Manatee Scubl Times, Garth, F.D., cd., Mt. Morris, infinite possibility. Springs. Gainesville, Fl..: NACO. IL: G.B.P., Inc. Palmer, R 1989. Deep Into Blue lfoles. Sea Technology, Compass Publications, Ar Reclaim a wholeness London, England: Unwin Hyman, lington, VA: Compass Publications. and feel more alive Ltd. Selling Scubl, Averill, H., o:l., Tustin, CA: from just a glimpse Palmer, R. 1985. The Blue Holes of the Diving Equipment Manufacturers As of pamdise. Bahamas. London, England: Jonathan sociation. Cape, Ltd. Skin Diver, Gleason, W., o:l ., Los Angeles, Prosser,J.,Erl. 1989. NSSlnstructor'sTrain CA: Peterson Publishing Co. - Unda Timrombc ing Manw:U. Branford, Fl..: NSS-CDS. Sources: The Journal of Underuxlter Educa Prosser,}. & H.V. Grey. 1990. Care Diving tion, Williams, M., o:l ., Montclair, CA: 1990 Vol. 18, No. 2 • March/ April, 1991 • UNDERWATER Sf'EIEOLOCY • 9 SHOOTING CAVE VIDEO by Frank Lavallee aking an enjoyable cave dive at need to be taking it into a cave. Besides 100-watt lightheads will bum for about Mone of your favorite sites is grmt, compromising your safety and the 20 minutes. The dual 75-watt light but what is even more enjoyable is to safety of your buddies, you will have heads will bum for about 40 minutes. be able to relive that cave dive time and difficulty in shooting decent video. A 24-volt or 336-volt system with time again. How do you do that? By When I first started shooting video higher-intensity lightheads will bring having the cave dive on video, to enjoy over a year ago, the results were some out more detail and color in a larger in the solitude of your home, or to share what disappointing, owing to three area, but these systems are better left for with family and friends. problems--improper focusing, inade the professional video photographer. Some of my friends and fellow quate lighting, and not having divers in Besides, they don't come cheap! open-water divers fail to understand the video. Until you become very proficient in my love for cave diving and why I do Most video-housing manufacturers shooting cave video, keep it simple! If it so much more often than open-water will supply information orinstructional you have extra controls on your hous diving. The most typical response is tapes as to what settings to put on your ing, forget about them. You need only 'What is there to enjoy down there? It camcorder for underwater use. A be concerned with two controls-the is dark and there are no fish and plant dome port on the housing and a wide "On/Off' power switch and the life to enjoy. All you see are rocks." angle lens on the camcorder are usually "Recording/Standby'' switch. Forget It is really diffirult to try and explain recommended. H you try the trial-and about the "zoom" or any other controls. to open-water divers the beauty and error method, you are in for shooting a Once you start the cave dive and awesomesightofacavesystemand the lot of useless video. tum on the lights and put the camcor countless formations that are en Obviously, it is dark inside a cave. der on "record," leave them alone. You countered. But when I tell them I have H your lighting is not of sufficient inten will have a lot of extra footage, but this the cave dive on video to watch, their sity and does notgiveaneven light pat gives you plenty of footage to work reaction is usually positive. Curiosity tern through the viewing area, the with so you can edit out the undesirable gets the best of them. results will be disappointing. Dual sections. Besides the challenge and enjoy lightheads that give you plenty of light, Turning the camcorder and the ment of shooting and editing your cave but direct it to one area, like the beams lighting off and on, in an attempt to dives, you are also building a video of auto headlights on a foggy morning, shoot only certain parts of the dive and library of your dives, which can prove will show up very noticeably in your to conserve power, can become very to be invaluable over the years. video, ~ides leaving hot spots and frustrating. So is trying to continually H you are seriously interested in shadowy areas. look through the viewfinder. Besides shooting cave video, you will need to Once you have the focusing and causing unnecessary camera move invest in thefollowingequipment1)an lighting problems licked, you need to ment, you are being distracted from any underwater video housing with dome work on making your cave video inter emergency situation that may arise. port, 2) a camcorder with wide-angle esting. One of the best ways I know is Because you are shootingvideois no lens, 3) a power pack and dual light to have one or more divers in your excuse for compromising safety or heads, 4) a color television, and 5) a video. Besides making the video much avoiding proper cave-diving proce video cassette recorder. These items more enjoyable to look at, it gives your dures. All required cave-diving gear don't come cheap. Expect to invest viewers an idea of the size of a passage should be worn and proper procedures about $3,000 - $3,500 for them. or a room, when divers are in the video should be followed at all times! Once you have a he need in a cave for a guideline to danger of this rests in the possibility of therefore the safety of having a sturdier, T open water is logical, yet it is losing the light and/or reel because one thickerlinemakessense. Also, a thicker surprising how many divers choose not is task loaded, i.e., simultaneously line is less apt to float and become en to use one. The lesson of Hansel and dumping BC, dealing with a flooded tangled in the wreckage. Gretel was either not learned, or forgot mask. trying to maintain a pace of reel An enclosed explorer reel, such as ten, by these divers! Training in the use ing-in while being carried by a rurrent, Div~Rite produces, is ideal for diving of the guideline is essential. If im etc. (fask loading occurs when the cold-water wrecks. When wearing properly handled, the reel is prone to diver becomes frustrated because of 1I 4" gloves or mitts, a smaller reel be jamming. Also, the line may easily be having to deal with several tasks simul comes difficult to handle. The line on come entangled or, worse, may en taneously). If the reel is dropped in an the explorer reel does not float and is tangle the diver. area prone to silting, rerovery of the therefore less likely to become en Besides training, careful choice of continuous guideline may become dif tangled in the diver's valves orin over reel and line is essential for the type of ficult. A safety reel would then be aiti head wreckage. A reel that is not dive one is doing. Differences can be cal in setting up a search pattern for the enclosed has the tendency to become noted in construction of reels, and size lost guideline. Prevention, via practice unravelled when the wreck diver is at of line. Heavier line is typically in proper handling, is the best cure. the surlace in any wave conditions. A preferred by wreck divers, as is attach The type of line one chooses is rubber band, placed around the line of ing a reel to the light. Obviously, a light usually determined by the site. A a non~nclosed reel, helps solve this failure would mean that the diver heavy line is thicker, meaning that less problem. Instead of using a slip knot would then have to: 1) carry two lights of it will fit onto a reel. Thicker line is to tie the reel off as is done in cave in one hand and wind the reel in simul also less likely to be cut on sharp objects, diving, wreck divers are advised to at taneously, 2) use only one active light which is a aitical issue inside a wreck tach a butterfly clip to the end of the line; for the buddy team, while the diver well travelled along the path of disin when making a ti~ff, the line can be with the reel winds the line in, or, 3) tegration. As Gary Gentile points out wrapped around wreckage and the clip leave the light and reel in the wreck and in Adu:mced Wreck Diving Guide, when attached to the line, securing it. This follow the line out while manipulating one is in a sunken vessel, an exit is proves easy, fast and reliable. a backup light. The latter option means usually not more than half a minute Cave divers often explore hundreds, that the light and reel still need to be away. This makes the deaths of dis or even thousands, of feet of passage retrieved at another time. oriented wreck divers all the more during a single dive. In this case, thin Cave divers are taught to handle a tragic. Hundreds of feet of line are ness is a serious issue, unless one wishes separate reel and light in one hand. The usually not required by wreck divers, to carry a bulk of line and an unwieldy number of reels! As it is, cave divers may carry many reels on a dive. Con sider the basic cave diver. a primary reel with 400' of line is used, in addition to a safety reel containing 140' of line. A "full caw!' diver carries, in addition, at least one "gap" reel, with 50' of line. The gap reel is used when the diver "jumps" from one permanent line to another. Plastic arrows or clothespins placed on the line by thediverwill show the way out. A diver may make many jumps during the dive, requiring one gap rcelfor each jump. The tying of the reel to a line and the placing of arrow markers requires training and practice, as does the rerovery of these devices. Permanent lines in popular caves allow the diver to explore many feet of passage without deploying too many reels. This feature of cave diving has Dianuznt Tugboat and diver. Photo by M. R. Logie, Jr. not spread to wreck diving. A few Vol. 18, No.2 • March, 1991 • UNDf.RWATER SraEOLOGY • 11 degree of silting. In the ensuing limited viz, it becomes aitic:al for the diver to know exactly how to cut the line, lest he lose it! Also,itisaitic:al that the diver hold onto the section of line leading out of the cave. The neophyte would have extreme difficulty in this situation. Because of the danger of entangle ment, both cave and wreck divers seck to minimize the number of loose straps and hoses that are exposed from their person. Regulators must be retained close to the mouth and readily aa:es sible in the event of an emergency. The gauge end of the high-pressure hose must be secured so that it can be viewed at a glance and remain free from becom ing wedged in wreckage, rocks, or be hind Prinre Albert- Rotmm lslsmd. Photo l1y M. R. l.Dgie, Jr. the diver. Loose straps should be taped to prevent line from being caught undemmth. In the case of the fins, this reasons may account for this: many NAUI publimtion. Sources: The ]ounu:U is a very real concern because of the wrecks are hazardous enough without of Urrderwlller Education.) Often, a positioning of the diver's body in rela placing more lines that may entangle wreck offers so many entrance and exit tion to the guideline. Tape also should divers; wreck penetrations are general points that a diver mn easily enter one be attached to the area of the fins where ly not long enough to justify placing a part of the wreck and exit elsewhere. the strap holders connect to the foot permanent line; during wreck decay, Should a siltout occur, an intricate pocket. Divers carrying goodie bags in the line may come to restinadangBOUS knowledge of the wreck is needed. side a wreck need beware sharp edges passage, or become severed; and, plac Without having a guideline to open that may snag the bag, which may be ing a line might encourage those who water, an exit during a siltout is arrived difficult to free. Any loose objects car are not experienced enough to enter a atbyvisualizingwherein the wreck one ried by divers into overhead environ wreck they would otherwise not go in is, and feeling one's way out. Many ments also pose the threat of 1991 MEMBERSHIP LIST Copyright 1991, The Cave Diving Section of the National Speleological Society, Inc. All rights reserved. Any Unauthorized Use is Prohibited. This list is for the exclusive use of members of the Cave Diving Section of the National Speleological Society, Inc. in the ronduct of Section or Society business. Use for any other purpose not specifically authorized by the NSS Board of Governors or NSS-CDS Board of Directors is expressly forbidden. Errors should be reported to the Section Secretary and Newsletter Editor, H.V. Grey. While every effort is made to make this list romplete and accurate as of March 1, 1991, it is not to be ronstrued as the Official Roster of NS5-CDS. Ha name is not listed, it rould be that the person's membership had lapsed at the time the list was prepared. This list does not include newsletter subsaibers. Abner, Ron (23205), 608 Heather Ln., 241-6708 Memorial Dr. #13-0, Slone Mountain, GA Orange City, Fl32763, 904- 775-4032 Basil, William (pending), 6045 Florey Rd., 30083, 404-299-3035 Abreu, John (31418), 1910 Alegria Rd., Hanover, MD 21076, 301-796-0960 Bing, Jr., James E. (31768), 3205 S. Austin, TX 78757, 512-459-5590 Basuk, Wdliam (29512), 97 Oakland Ave., Newton Sl., Denver, CO 80236-2329, Adams, Kenneth R. (pending), 2125 S. Gloversville, NY 12078 303-937-4444 Shore Dr. S.E. #202, Kentwood, Ml Bateman, John T. (28655), 4540 Clements Boccio, Dona (31996), 220-55 46th Ave., 49508-0912, 616-281-4965 Rd., Lakeland, FL 33803, 813-646-4147 Bayside, NY 11361, 718- 225-4785 Adkins, Edward G. (29975), POB 2363, Bateman, Stan (31930), 16261 W. 6th Rd., Bohrer, Charles R. (24169), 10727 Slamfield Johnson City, TN 37605,615-929-1763 Plymouth, IN 46563, 219- 936-7438 Dr., Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91730, Akers, John C. (31416), 2017 E. Michigan, Bauer, Judith A. (21569), Rt. 35, Box 333-G, 714-948-9832 UJbana, ll61801-5570, 217-328-2769 Gainesville, FL 32608, 904-495-3348 Boney, Jr., John C. (28173), 12920 Al>ury, Andrew M. (27605), 416 S. 62nd Bays, Grace T. (family pending), 110 Fernbank Ln .• JacksonviUe, FL 32223, Ter., Hollywood, FL 33023, 305-961-3783 Broughton Rd ., Moncks Comer, SC 904-268-6389 Alfillisch, Sieve (30307), 617 Marigold, 29461' 803-899-5438 Booth, Brenton C. (family 32089), 3307 Corona Del Mar, CA 92625, 714-759-1625 Bays, Scott A. (32550), 110 Broughton Rd., Longwood ln., Conway, SC 29526, Anderson, Robert (22022), 1625 S.E. Cedar Moncks Corner, SC 29461, 803-899-5438 803-278-5403 St. , High Springs, Fl32643, 904-454-2238 Beck, Tom (28220), 16220 Durand Ave., Booth, Christina S. (32088), 3307 longwood Anderson, Todd J. (28887), 3900 Parkview Union Grove, WI 53182, 414- 878-2469 Ln., Conway, SC 29526, 803-248-5403 Ln. #24C, Irvine, CA 92715, 714-786-5257 Beggs, James C. (pending), 4800 S. Boyd, Ph.D., Richard J. (5823), 332 Wels Anderson, Waller (26760), 5246 N. La Westshore Blvd. #115, Tampa, FL 33611 St. #109, Delafield, Wl53018, Porte, Chicago, ll60630, 312-725-0667 Bemis, Curtis (25310), 125 Normandy Rd., 414-774-1616 Andreasen, Caroline J. K. (29385), 1702-A Oak Ridge, TN 37380, 615-483-5319 Bozanic, Jeffrey (22532), POB 3448, Quentin Pl., Coram, NY 11727, Bencivenni, Donald T. (30804), 4072 Huntington Beach, CA 92605, 718-761-7916 Ferrarra St., Jacksonville, Fl32217, 714-846-5220 Arnold, Jay (6482), 10031 Downeys Wood 904-731..()48() Brady, Richard D. (30799), 1233 Oak Sl. Ct., Burke, VA 22015, 703-250-6668 Berg, Barry (pending), 11465 Ouivas Way, S.W., Atlanta, GA 3031G-1635, Asimenios, James F. (pending), 13619 Westminster, CO 80234, 303-469-7329 404-753-4477 Avebury Dr. #13, Laurel, MD 20708, Berkepile, William (30715), 2225 George Braerner, Nicholas (29501), 5250 301-725-4162 St., N. Huntington, PA 15642, Sunnypoint Pl., Rancho Palos Verdes, CA Auler, Augusto (25067), POB 8427, West 412-864-7495 90274, 213-541-o427 Kentucky Univ., KY 42101- 8800, Berman, Steve (27704), POB 2688, High Brannam, Jr., Hal Clifton (29961), 1211 W. 502-782-9565 Spmgs, FL 32643, 904-454-4811 3rd St., Orange C~y. Fl 32763, Baab, Kenneth E. (29960), 19502 Pine Tree Bernard-Bailey, Charles E. (21386), 575 904-775-2133 Rd., Odessa, FL 33556 Fleming Ave., Ormond Beach, Fl32174, Brass, Dr. Danny (20700), Dept. Veterinary Baiey, Lloyd (23293), 3500-F N.W. 97th 904-677-6842 Clin. Sci., Iowa State Univers~y. Ames, lA Ave., Gainesville, Fl 32606, 904-332-o738 Bevan, Timothy P. (30791), 2707 Keystone 50011 Banks, David R. (28786), 3911 N.W. 19th Ln. #103, Vienna, VA 22180, Breu, Darwin (27189), 8102 N. Sheldon Rd. Ave., Ocala, FL 32675, 904-732-8848 703-573-o267 #1207, Tampa, Fl33615 Barnes, Jeffery P. (28529), POB 657, Guin, Bicanovsky, Lesley K. (29593), 1676 Briery, George (32813), 12678 Ouarterhorse AL 35563, 205-468-3789 C~ation Dr., Lbrary, PA 15129, Tr., Jacksonville, FL 32223, 904-262-7323 Barstow, Mark Thomas (31300), POB 412-653-mo Brightwell, Jack (20980), 10112 Bluff Dr. • 280076, Mayport, FL 32228, 904- Bickelman, Charles D. (26311), 5400 Huntsville, Al35803, 205-881-6240 Vol. 18, No.2 • March/ April, 1991 • UNDERWA'IrR Sm..oolOGY • 13 Broad, Kenny H. (32538), 103816th St. 15, Bussell, Thomas C. (28284), 1221 Boca Raton, FL 33433, 407-483-9164 Miami Beach, FL 33139, 305-531-5010 Candlelight Blvd., Brooksville, FL 34601, Clark, Norman R. (pending), 7035 Corte Brodberg, John A. (29972), 4007 Chickory 904-799-1767 Rosa, Pleasanton, CA 94566, Ln., Lansilg, Ml 48910 Buller, Bruce M. (pending), 12136 ShaBO! 415-462-2759 Bromenschenkel, Jay (28n6), POB 2445, St., Orlando. FL 32821,407-857-4652 Clark, Robert W. (31925), 302 Leland, High Spmgs, FL 32643, 904-454-1639 Butler, Daniel B. (24515), 61 Golden Shower Bloomington, IL 61701- 5646, Brooker, Thomas Stephen (pending), 1417 S. Fmegaya, FPO, CA ~1848 309-829-3997 Fairway Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32301, Butt, Pete (24215), POB 1057, High Claudy, Robert L. (30714), W. 1303 E. 904-222-7083 Spmgs, FL 32643, 904-497-4823 Harding St.. Orlando, FL 32806, Broome, Gene (29196), P08 822, Branford, Butt, Robert (25609), 632 Isadore St., 407-898-8921 FL 32008-0822, 904-~ 1141 Stevens Point, Wl54481, 715-344-3483 Clayton, Kenneth R. (26138), 2701 Park Broughton, Jeff R (22120), 15202 Byrd, Melissa F. (29519), 11320 Hillwood Ceoter Dr. #B-5110, Alexandria, VA Silverman, Webster, TX n598, Dr., Huntsv~le, AL 35803, 205-880-8858 22302, 703-379-4343 713-286-8432 Campbel, Bruce (30344), 1453 Pinebrook Clemons, Or. Robert R. (pending), POB Brown, Calhi (family pending), Nisky Mai Dr., Clearwater, FL 34615, 813-441-8288 475715, Garland, TX 75047, 214-205-7344 Boxes,1575,St. Thcwnas, VI~ Campbel, Laura L. (family 30330), 1453 Clesi, Dustin M. (25585), POB 1012, ~n~ Pilebrook Or., Clearwater, FL 34615, Mango, FL 33550, 813-685-1501 Brown, H. Larry (pendilg), POB 8111, N.C. 813-441-8288 Coffman, Kerry G. (28114), 233 Brotherhood Stale Univarsity, Raleigh. NC 27695-8111, Caraccia, Kenneth (family 30956), 6026 St., Edison, NJ 08817, 908-572-6241 919-737-2486 River Rd., New Port Richey, FL 34652, Conlin, Anne (32986), 710 S.E. Wenona Brown, James C. (25591). POB 737, 813-846-8882 Ave., Ocala, FL 32671, 904- 351-5279 Worcester, PA 19490-0737, 215- ~9388 Caraccia, Shannon (21482), 6026 River Rd., Cook, David A. (pending), 2613 David Ford Brown, John L. (28781), 3126 Wood Valey New Port Richey, FL 34652, 813-846-8882 Rd. #140, Woodbridge, VA 22192, Rd., Panama Ciy, FL 32405, Cardozo, Yvette (21451), 14821 255 Ave. 703-491-1653 904-769-4657 S.E.,Issaquah, WA 98027, 206-391-0no Cook, Douglas M. (29514), 4732 Polaris St., Brown, Junj (pending), Nisky Mail Boxes, Cardwell, Christopher A. (31916), 4153 Jacksonville, FL 32205, 904-387-2244 1575, St. Thomas, VI 00802, Pinecrest Rd., Waycross, GA 31501, Cook, James H. (2Bn3), 1718 Doe Crest, ~n~ 912-283-3009 San Antonio, TX 78248, 512-492-9339 Brown, Michael D. (pendilg), 31 Mountain Carlson, Kent R. (30124), 1640 Besley Rd., Coplen, David T. (31762), 2929 W. Oakridge V"leW, Mill VaDey, CA 94941, 415-388-8539 V"~er~na, VA 22182, 703- 938-0140 Rd., Bldg. C #4, Orlando, FL 32809, Brown, Michael G. (32001). 3402 Park Carr, Arwyn (29040), Rt. 5 Box 171B, Live 407-857-4933 Square, Tampa, FL 33613- 4646, Oak, FL 32060, 904- nS-2310 Copren, Frank A. (31nO), 761 N. B13-9n-4983 Carter, Wiliam (32630), 186 Houghton St., Greenlawn Ave., Islip Terrace, NY 11752, Brown, P. Wiliam (30581), 1210 Henry Clay North Adams, MA 01247, 413-663-7487 51S-2n-s636 Ave., New Orleans, LA 70118, Carver, Glenn H. (32637), 6623 N.W. 30 Catherman, John E. (32214), 4408 E. 67th 504-899-8220 Ter., Gainesville, FL 32606, 904-378-0548 #6G, Gore, OK 74136, 918-627-3607 Brown, Rob (pendilg), 2354 Univefsly Blvd. Chadwich, Bob (32216), 2311 Lee Rd., Cousino, John E. (28m). 720 E. Illinois N., Jacksonvile, FL 32211-3296, Lithia Springs, GA 30057, 404-949-5331 Ave., New Port Richey, FL 34653 904-744-7601 Chamberlain, F. R. (4082), POB 18690, S. Covington, Alyson H. (pending), 1707 Brown, Tm (23101), 57055 Marietta Rd., Lake Tahoe, CA 95706, 916-542-1329 Academy St., Winston- Salem, NC 27103, Byesville, OH 43723, 614- 685-6403 Chandonnet, Debra A. (32855}, 28373 919-725-1484 Brown, Jr., William T. (28331), 102 N. Ebamar, Grosse lie, Ml48138, Craig, A. E. (27835), 405 1st St., Coal Sheflal Ci'., Savannah, GA 31410, 313-676-4n2 Valley, IL 61240 912-897-5415 Chandonnet, Gerald R. (32218), 28373 Crawford, Robert (32854), 100 Rugby ave., Bryant, Guy E. (17115), At. 2 Box 345, Lake Ebamar, Grosse lie, Ml48138, Staten Island, NY 10301, 718-981-7349 Park, GA 31636, 912- 559-6517 313-676-4n2 Crea, John T. (26052), POB 1906, Bunnel, Chris L. (32228), POB 427, Chappell, Douglas l. (25394), 10270 Beaver Bainbridge, GA 31717 Summerfield, FL 32691, 904-347-6792 Wood Cove, Collierville, TN 38017, Crea, Mary (family 26375), POB 1906, Bunnel, David E. (14760), 320 Brook Dr., 901-853-6036 Bainbridge, GA 31717, 912- 246-9349 Boulder Creek, CA 95006, 408-338-7991 Chieff, Douglas (24482), 401 Walnut Ave., Criner, Jerry Lynn (32230), 13 Hawthorne Burch, Peter (28917), 132 Tidal Dr., Newport Cranford, NJ 07016, 201-272-6735 Or., Harrison, AK 72601- 2301, News, VA 23606, 804- 595-6969 Chowdhury, BernieR. (30691), 510 W. 501-741-1007 Burden, I. Townsend (29521), 3021 "tr St. 123rd St. #23, New York, NY 10027 Cronk, Jason R. (27867), 17202 Crawley N.W., Washington, DC 2CX1J7, Christensen, Kevin John (29032), 515 E. Rd., Odessa, FL 33556 202-337-8066 Livingston St., Orlando, FL 32803, Crosby, George (25738), POB 1109, Lake Burdile, Richard L. (33195), 203 Mountain 407-649-8093 Charles, LA 70602. 318- 439-5744 Chase, Taylors, SC 29687, 803-244-6508 Christian, Becky S. (family pending), Rt. 1, Crowell, Ronald K. (pending), 2402 Lake Burge, Jr., John W. (26601), 11711 Box 420, Shehon Rd., Lake P ??, GA Gardens Or., Kingwood, TX n339-3603, Chanticleer Ct., Pensacola, FL 32507, 31636, 912-242-3504 713-358-2590 904-492-2232 Christian, R.N., Randy L. (32552), Rt. 1 Box Cunningham, Corbin (family pending), 2919 Bums, Curtis (32618), A CO 2D RECON BN 420, Shehan Rd., Lake Par, GA 31636, Bernice Ct., Jacksonville, FL 32257, 2D MAR DIV, Camp LeJeune, NC 28542 912-242-3504 904-260-1958 Burton, Barry (30711), POB 309, Jefferson Churchill, Gerry (28572), 2615 W. Lutz Lake Cunningham, Gerry M. (25876), 2911 Marise City, TN 3n60. s1s- 475-8365 Fern Rd., Lutz, FL 33549, 813-949-9213 St., Tallahassee, FL 32310, 904-576-2944 Burton, Carter (family 30713), POB 309, Ciulla, Jr., PhillipS. (32636), 128 E. 13th Cunningham, Jim (30942), 2919 Bernice Jefferson City, TN 3n60 Ct., St., Huntington Stat .. NY 11746, Jacksonville, FL 32257, 904-260-1958 Burton. Marilyn (family 30712), POB 309, 516-385-2038 Curran. James D. (28575), 1124 Berkshire Jefferson City, TN 3n60 Clark, Nigel J. (pending), 8214 Mizner Ln ., Rd .. Atlanta, GA 30306, 404-876-2993 14 • UNIJBM'A~ SraroloGY • \bl. 18, No.2 • March/ April, 1991 Curren, Thomas E. (2n59), 1209 Leeway Engish, Capel C. (31767), 2200 Westfield, Rd., Winter Haven, FL 33880, Ave., Orlando, FL 32810, 407-298-1358 Winston Salem, NC 27103 813-324-6052 Dabbs, Joseph R. (19454), 18151nspiration Eppley, Michael Joseph (pending), 806 Formby, Reggie H. (32621), 500 Belcher Ln., Huntsville, AL 35801, 205-544-0623 Reading Ave., Rockvile, MD 20850, Rd. S. #11 0, Largo, FL 34641, Dadsetan, Krunran (32226), 189 Shoaf St., 301-230-1519 813-538-2505 Tarentum, PA 15084, 412- 224-7182 Evans, Brett (29959), 3506 Sable Pam Ln., Forrester, Jim (31761), 440 Bailey Ave., Dahams, Arthur J. (2n62), 2107AJackson Titusville, FL 32780 Pltsburgh, PA 15211, 412-381-1222 Ave., Plover, Wl54467, 715-345-2899 Evans, John (13390), 9 Pine St., Mayward, Fox, A. Dale (22604), 10700 Marlborough Daniels, James Douglass (32541), 125 S. MA 01754, 508-897-6730 Rd., Fairfax, VA 22032 4th St., Greenfield, OH 45123, Evans, Mark (pending), 3400 Timberlake Freeman, Thomas F. (30127), 55 Chapel 513-981-7166 Rd., Knoxville, TN 37920, 615-573-6959 St., Newport, Rl 02840, 401-846-6076 Davis, Benny F. (32811), 1623 Turtle Creek Exley, I. Sheck (13146 LF), Rt. 8 Box 374 , Freemore, Vern B. (30357), 4202 W., South Bend, IN 46637, 219-273-0585 Live Oak, Fl32060, 904-362-7589 Willowbrook Rd. , Depere, W1 54115, Davis, Stephen C. (32229), 4503 Fontana Eynon, Daniel R. (32223), 2100 Grayson Dr. 414-336-7260 St., Orlando, FL 32807,407-273-2848 #1925, Grapevine, TX 76051, Fuller, India (16861), 1507 S. Oakland St., De La Torre, Alberto A. (26641), 4586-B 817-481-4805 Arington, VA 22204 S.W. 139th Ct., Miami, FL 33175, Eyring, Marc W. (29742), 8268 Burgos Ct., Futton, Asa (28926), 13416lake Mary Jane 305-554-9346 Orlando, FL 32819, 407-352-5649 Rd., Orlando, FL 32832, 407-2n-6224 de Mruco, Vincent (32628), 2125 N.E. 7th Fails, Jr., Terence N. (32539), 410 W. Furr, Timolhy J. (32632), 4230 N. Martin Ave., Gainesville, FL 32609, 904-378-5154 Hillwood Dr., NashviUe, TN 37205, Way, Little Springs, GA 30057, Dean, Capt. Billy (30795), M.M.4.5 U.S. #1, 615-353-0155 404-941-6634 Stock Isle, Key West, FL 33040 Faust, Donald B. (32990), 109 Oak Ct., Gabriel, Jim (32812), 211 S. Main St., POB Delaney, Ill, John P. (2n35), 410 19th St., Kingsland, GA 31548, 912-729-7851 2257, High Springs, FL 32643, Huntington Beach, CA 92648, Fava-Verde, Jean-Francais (29968), 429 904-454-8571 714-536-7376 Grand Blvd., Scarsdale, NY 10583, Gagne, Bradford J. (31309), 9155 Rucker Deluecchio, Sr., Richard D. (pending), 4330 914-723-6535 Rd., Grosse lie, Ml 48138, 313-671-0093 Stanley St., Pittsburgh, PA 15207 Fehring, William K. (19079), 29n Knights Gallo, Walter J. (30577), 34-51 41st St. #3R, DeRouin, Terry M. (29395), 1196 Will Scarlet Ave., Tampa, FL 33611 Astoria, NY 11101, 718-786-4407 Way, Macon, GA 31210, 912-471-9730 Ferguson, David D. (31297), 2364 Temple Gamble, Wayne (32625), 101 Longview Dr. Dickie, Laurance P. (27082), 11324- 124th St., Sarasota, FL 34239, 813-366-0726 #117, Russellvile, KY 42276, Ter. N., Largo, FL 34648, 813-858-5848 Ferguson, Sharon C. (family 31298), 2364 502-726-9821 Dickson, Richard E. (23355), 11402 Hillwood Temple St., Sarasota, FL 34239, Garvin, Mary (26766), 518 CoDins Dr., Dr., Huntsv~le. AL 35803, 205-883-2472 813-366-0726 Talahassee, FL 32303, 904-422-2495 Dix, Dr. Thomas R. (25973), 5595 Mableton Ferguson, Vince (31308), 206 N. Beverly Geelan, Ruth M. (32084), 230 W. 16th St., Pky., Mableton, GA 30059, 404-944-8700 Ave. , Tampa, FL 33609, 813-875-2742 New York, NY 10011,212-989-1356 Doughty, Michael W. (19022), 320 Wardley Fernandez, Richard M. (32639), 9519 N.E. Gerrard, Steve P. (26640), POB 20006, Dr., KnoxviUe, TN 37922, 615-966-0061 2nd Ave., Miami Shores, FL 33138, Talahassee, FL 32316-0006, Douglas, Randal L (pending), R.D. #2, 305-751-2269 904-sn-8196 BlairsvUie, PA 15717, 412-459-9684 (res) Fernandez, Wanda (family 28088), POB Gibson, Douglas R. (32225), 507 Staley St ., Douglass, Chris (32623), 816 Cooper Dr., 3258, Guaynabo, PR 00651- 3258 Marianna, Fl32446, 904-526-7265 Charlotte, NC 28210, 704-525-6389 Ferra, Samuel R. (27226), 100 Columbia Gibson, John B. (32851), POB 1835, Drake, M.D., Susan H. (23554), 970 Ave., Homer Cny, PA 15748 Augusta, GA 30903-1835, 803-557-9323 Richardson Rd., Tallahassee, FL 32301, Ferris, Jay C. (27957), POB 1446, Gibson, lee L. (23636), 4532 14th St. N.E., 904-sn-n46 Gatlinburg, TN 3n38, 615-453-6367 St. Petersburg, FL 33703, 813-526-2561 Dmec, Tim L (pending), POB 1n04, Ferris, VlllCe (27661), Bay Point Box 27237, Giddens, Andrew J. (28647), POB 664, Denver, CO 80217, 303-292-9929 Panama cny, FL32411, 904-235-1834 Perry, Fl 32347, 904-578- 2349 Duggan, Ronald C. (29016), 8139 W. River Fetvedt, John E. (20965), 4206 Weaver Dr., Gillespie, James S. (31759), 2664 Sweet Dr., Novelty, OH 44072, 216-338-3906 Raleigh, NC 27612, 919-787-9874 Springs St., Dettona, Fl 32738, Dunn, William 0. (20429), 1900 Honey File, Robert P. (2n06), 4436 Oakfteld Cr., 904-789-Sm Creek Rd., Conyers, GA 30208, Dade Cny, FL 33525, 904-583-4751 Gissendanner, R. Kim (21659), 6240 Old 404-483-8783 Fisher, Daniel (32626), 10811 S.E. 145th Paint Rd. #31, Hanhan, SC 29406, Earls, Jeff S. (pending), Rt. 3, Box 35(}29, Pl., Summerfield, Fl32691, 904-288-1181 803-797-5760 Timberlake, TN 37330, 615-649-5605 Fne, Mike (31351), 16102 E. Lake Burrell, Glander, Ens. Christopher J. (31763), USS Eckert, Dorothy J. (26034), 806 Walnut St., Lutz, FL 33549 El Paso (LKA-117), FPO, NY 09568-1704 Lansdale, PA 19446, 215-368-0655 Flenner, Robert A. (31213), 1005 Dupont Gliedt, Roger (32536), POB 371, Monett, Ml Eckhoff, Mary Ellen (19704 F), Rt. 2 Box Ave., Nnro, WV 25143, 304-755-8513 65708,417-235-3276 40A, Live Oak, FL 32060, 904-364-5908 Rynn, Robert W. (28918), 506 W. 127th Goergens, Steve (31303), RR2, Delphos, Ecklund, Dave H. (24355), 12950 Colby St., Ave., Tampa, Fl33612, 813-935-8917 OH 45833, 419-692-()866 Omaha, NE 68164, 402- 493-2754 Fong, Bruce R. (30337), 12330 Sand Gonzalez, Kevin (39036), 1667 S. Hwy Ecklund, Susan M (family 24355), 12950 Wedge Dr., Boynton Beach, FL 33437, 17-92, Longwood, FL 32750, Corby St., Omaha, NE 68164 407-364-()546 305-695-0991 Edelstein, Jr. , Rand (29382), 3321 S.W. 31st Foote, Mary (family 31n1), 1433 S.E. 8th Grant, Mark (30575), 6076 KnoD Park Ct., Dr. #15C, Gainesville, FL 32608, St., Ocala, FL 32671 , 904-622·3488 San Jose, CA 95120, 408-268-6523 904-338-1451 Foote, Wi16am E. (30944), 1433 S.E. 8th Graves, Dennis E. (29272), POB 129, Ellerbrock, Donn (32091), 1229 Oxley Rd., St., Ocala, FL 32671, 904-622-3488 Poplar Bluff, MO 63901,314- 686-3645 Columbus, OH 43212, 614-294-7540 Forman, Barbara (family 27966), 5400 Gray, Jane P. (23020), POB 1283, Alachua, EHiott, Pete (32633), 4187 Rings Rd., Struthers Rd., Winter Haven, Fl33880 Fl32615, 904-462-4131 Dublin, OH 43017 Forman, Steven (20318), 5400 Struthers Green, Dr. WiUiam (29967), 616 Dorshire Vol. 18, No.2 • March/ April, 1991 • UNDERWATER Sm..F.Ol.OGY • 15 Ln .• Nashvile, TN 37221 Henderson, R. Allen (27267), 2408 Jim Janowski, Robert T. (26691), 313 Nassau Grey, H V. (23062), POB 12, Nokomis, Fl Owens Ln., Kennesaw, Ga 30144, Pky., Oceanside. NY 11572, 516-764-6022 34274..0012, 813-484-7834 404-475-1264 Jarecki, Lianna (32805), Rt. 3 Box 57-8, Griffin, Patrick (29508), POB 40913, Henning, Jerry T. (29971), 733 Greenwood Hawthorne, FL 32640, 904-481-9358 Raleigh, NC 27629 Ave. N.E., Atlanta, GA 30306-3720, Jedry, John C. (31757), 140 47th St., Grossfeld, John (family 28726), 17 Eagle 404-875-3371 Pittsburgh, PA 15201 , 412- 682-6605 Chase, Wood>ury, NY 11797 Hermerding, Mark A. (27543), 5024 W. 13th Jefferys, Joanna (26518), POB 897, Grossfeld, Michael J. (27826), 17 Eagle St., Speedway, IN 46224 Torrington, CT 06790-0897, 413-258-4701 Chase, Wocd>ury, NY 11797, Heusack. Michael C. (30545), 2827 Jefferys, Robert (16516), POB 897, 516-364-1749 Waldwick Ct., St. Louis, MO 63129, Torrington, CT 06790-0897, 413-258-4701 Gum, Darel (32853). POB 3044, Merrifield, 314-487-8627 Johnson, Neil (pending), 655 Hidden Valley VA 22116, 703-698-7220 Heywood, Barrett (32627), 823 Bruce Dr., #317, Ann Arbor, Ml 48104 Gwin, Michael R. (33165), 790 N. 11th Ave., Palo Mo. CA 94303, 415-856-6432 Johnston. Joseph (pending), POB 062001, Pensacola, Fl 32501, 904-438-8256 HiU, Jon Vander (family pending), 94 W. Palm Bay, FL 32906- 2001 , 407-727-4165 Hall, Jr., Alon J. (30333), 1530 Hillary, New Brighton Ave., Columbus, OH 43202, Johnston, Mark (32857), 313 Brickyard Rd., Orleans, LA 70118, 504-866-2549 614-261-8850 Dalton, GA 30721 Halter, Alisha (32555), 303 N.W. 36th St., Hires, Lamar (23991), Rt. 14 Box 162. Lake Jones, James W~liam (28771), 7312 Six Gainesville, Fl32607, 904-377-7912 City, FL 32055, 904-755-5913 M~e Ln., LouisviUe, KY 40220, Hamiton, Robert T. (28268), 7005 Mableton Hires, Lee Ann (27993), Rt. 14 Box 162, 502-499-5731 Pky, Mableton, GA 30059, 404-941-2270 Lake C~y. FL 32055, 904- 755-5913 Jones, Quentin D. (pending), 1802 Colleen Hand, Richard E. (12360), 6381 Proprietors Hirsch, Gary W. (31408), 215 Curtis St., Dr., Orlando, FL 32809, 407-859-7115 Rd. #A-3, Worthington, OH 43085, Pltsburgh, PA 15235, 412-247-5029 Jordan, Raymond E. (27688), POB 7, 614-885-5823 Hillier, Paul R. (30340), 3550 Washington Ozona, FL 34660. 813-787-4323 Hankins, Carolyn (family 27891), 2323 St. #B-102, Hollywood, FL 33021, Jubb, PeterS. (22049), 1901 W. Bay Dr. Liberty St., Tampa, Fl33612 305-987-8234 #9-10-11, Largo, FL 34640, 813-585-0938 Hankins, Jr., Stanley R. (25806), 2322 Hodgetts, Dave J. (28942), 7925 Merrill Rd . Kalsi, Marie-Luise Schubert (31920). 13307 Liberty St., Tampa, Fl33612, #310, Jacksonville, FL 32211 Carousel Ct., Houston, TX 77041, 813-932-0026 Hollman. Joseph M. (25654), 13003 S.W. 713-937-6828 Hardcastle, Don (32100), 33421mperial Ln., 7th Ct., A. Lauderdale, FL 33325, Kane, Michael S. (29736), 5580 Pacific Lakeland, Fl 33803 305-473-1607 Blvd. #513, Boca Raton, FL 33433, Hardwick. Maurice G. (31314), 6354 Holland, BiD (24473), 1424 H Southland 407-338-6959 Washington St., Union City, GA 30291, Vista Ct., Atlanta, GA 30329, Kee, D. Scott (32810), 598 Belmont Ave. 404-964-7309 404-636-1310 #G103, S. Harrisburg, PA 18966, Harmon, Robert H. (30544), 6401 N.W. 54th Holmes, William C. (28735), 2255 N.W. 215-953-8824 Way, Gailesvile, Fl32606, 904-378-1253 Overton St .. Portland, OR 97210 Keene, Stephen P. (29507), 9405 E. 500 N., Harper, Diana (family 31914), POB 568, Hakon, Johnny L. (28691), 3322 Oleanda Greentown, IN 46936, 317-628-2979 High Springs, Fl32643, 904-454-2448 Ave., LouisviUe, KY 40215, 502-366-2967 KeUett, Philip B. (32556), Children's Harper, John (8352), POB 568, High Hooppell, W. Byron (29494), 6106 WeslfaU Hospital, POB 15010, Knoxv~le , TN Springs, FL 32643, 904-454- 2448 Rd., Lake Worth, FL 33463 37901,615-544-3128 Harris, Ricky J. (pending) , POB 188, Trion, Horein, Susan (32803), 94 W. Brighton Ave., Kennedy, John R. (27761), 11 Tuscawilla GA 30753, 404-734- 7165 Columbus, OH 43202, 614-261-8850 Rd. E. , San Mateo, FL 32187, Hartpence, Dr. Andrew J. (32540), 434 S. Howard, Douglas (29496), 529 Franklin St., 904-328-0907 88th St., Griffin, GA 30223, 404-228-6987 Reading, MA 01867, 617-944-2801 Kinard, W. Keith (29274), 142 Fox HoUow Haupt, Jeffrey E. (23704), 13880 Howard, Frank (27187), 334 Portico Ct., Rd., Montgomery, AL 36109, 205-271-6372 Walsingham Rd., Largo, Fl 34644, Chesterfield, MO 63017, 314-469-6133 King , Jim (30336), POB 4130, Sevierville, 813-593-1914 Hudik, Peter M. (32546), POB 144, TN 37864, 615-453-71n Haupt, Ruby C. (family 23841), 13880 Blacklick, OH 43004, 614-864- 9341 Kirby, Larry J. (28937), 121 Kohl St., Creve Walsingham Rd., Largo, Fl 34644, Hudson, Steve (11444 LF), Rt . 4 Box Coeur, IL 61611- 4258, 309-699-6890 813-596-9111 1365A, Glass Rd., Lafayette. GA 30728, Kistler. Michael R. (17050), 120 Mill Rd ., Hay, Jr., Reginald A. (31307), POB 210761, 404-764-2296 Schnecksvine. PA 18078, 215-799-3942 Montgomery, AL 36121- 0761, Hull, Oliver (30947), POB 192, Williston, FL Kilt, Roger (23210), 22 Ellwood St., Glen 205-270-7021 32696, 904-528-27 49 Cove, NY 11542, 516- 676-2873 Hay, William I. (27754), POB 1177, fiOQa, Husberg, Harry L. (29597). 2614 ZionhiU Klimack, William K. (20786l), POB 1548, LA 71477, 318-640-4804 Rd ., Weatherford, TX 76086, Platte C~y. MO 64079, 816-431-5164 Head, Wayne (31992), 439 Babbs MiD Rd., 817-598-0739 Kloppenborg, Ken (30429), 1729 SlaterviUe Orlando, FL 30228, 305-299-7783 Hutcheson, Eric (29947), 4130 S.E. 3rd St., Rd., Ithaca, NY 14850 Hea~. Arthur M. L. (26707), 5905 Sir Henry Ocala, FL 32671, 904- 624-2293 Kozak, Chris A. (30358). 13772-1 S.W. 149 Rd .. Orlando , FL 32808, 305-299-7783 Hutchson, Sharon (lamily pending), 4130 Cr. Ln ., Miami. FL 33186, 305-251-5774 Heck, Alan C. (33162), 3548 S.W. Archer S.E. 3rd St., Ocala, FL 32671 Kramer, Ted (30798), 5550 Columbia Pike Rd ., Gainesville, FL 32608, 904-377-3483 lliffe. Thomas M. (16703), 4925 Ft. Crockett #1035, Arlington, VA 22204, 703-820-6479 Heller, C~es L. (21481), 27 Lakeshore #529, Galveston, TX 77551, 409-763-8707 Kristovich. Ann H. (29264). POB 49163, Dr., Lake Hiawatha , NJ 07034, Janes, David R. (28930). 12303 Cormorant Austin, TX 78765, 512-452- 1928 201-335-0281 Dr., Jacksonville, FL 32223. 904-268-7925 Kundrat, Jr., George (pending), 248 Hellwig, Jr., Eugene H. (29028). 708 Janes, Rebecca J. (family 28931). 12303 Hutchinson Rd., W. Newton, PA 15089, Westwood Dr., Mikon, FL 32570-3739, Cormorant Dr., Jacksonville. FL 32223, 412-872-6840 904-626-8684 904-268-7925 Kwiatkowski, Randy (23992), 4595 Hempstead, Jamie (25977), POB 6774, Jannusch, Janet (30359), 5134 Timbervue, Ravenwoood Dr. , Amherst. Wl54406, Columbus, GA 31907 , 404-323- 9363 Peoria, IL 61615, 309-673-1681 715-824-2088 16 • UNDERWATI'R SPB.rou:x:;y • Vol. 18, No. 2 • March/ April, 1991 Lacombe, Marie C. (pending), 8268 Burgos 904-377-4646 Millots, Robert F. (21140), 1403 N.E. 20th Ct., Orlando, FL 32819, 407-352-5649 Matthews, L. Jeffrey (31311), 161 Jacobs Ave., Gainesville, FL 32609, 904-375-2297 Laine, Lawrence (14045), 1394 Edmund Ave., Georgetown, SC 29440, Mims, Robert L. (30537), 334 Houver Cir., Ave., St. Paul, MN 55104, 612-647-0445 803-546-5567 Toney, AL 35773, 205-852-6467 Landis, Donald E. (24615), 5043 Spring May, Charles (30580), POB 177, Canada, Mitchell, Larry W. (29396), 3600 S.W. 20th Glen Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32207, KY 41519, 606-353-9451 Ave. #2, GainesviUe, FL 32607, 904-733-0166 McCall, Keler (30793), Rt. 1 305A, Seneca, 904-336-4177 Langenfeld, Mark (8842), 2020 Harley Dr., sc 29678, 803-882-7874 Mixon, William (5728 L), Rt. 6 Box 62C, Madison, WI 53711, 608- 274-8242 McCallum, John G. (28175), 2826 Lorimer Austin, TX 78737, 512- 288-4991 Laporte, Craig A. (32856), 7460 Candlelight Ter., Jacksonville, FL 32207, 904-396-3273 Mogyorosi, Gabor (31993), 436 E. 9th St. Ct., New Port Richey, FL 34652, McCampbell, Steven L. (25639), POB 91, #1A, New YorX, NY 10009, 212-673-1996 813-863-1553 Arvonia, VA 23004, 804- 286-2761 Mohrman, Sondra J. (26617), Rt. 2 Box 328, Lavallee, Frank R. (27829), POB 380, Plant McCarty, Greg (13673), POB 396, Fayelle, Alachua, FL 32615, 904-462-3997 City, FL 33564, 813-754-1741 lA 52142, 319-425-3592 Molello, Minter M. (31918), 610 23rd St., Lawrence, David F. (23840), 3507 Iroquois McConnell, Michael S. (32087), 4595 Virginia Beach, VA 23451, 804-425-0288 Tr., Michigan City, IN 46360, 219-879-4007 Harbour North Ct., Jacksonville, FL Molnar, Terry L. (27399), 1119 Carisle St., Lenington, Jeff (28223), 812 N.W. 62nd, 32225, 904-642-4782 Natrona Heights, PA 15065, 412-224-7307 Oklahoma C~y. OK 73118, 405-842-0460 McDermott, Jr., W.L. "Bilr (26650), 435 Monson, John B. (32343), POB 321, Lees Leonard, Mark D. (23292), Rt. 14 Box 136, Delaware Ave., Norfol, VA 23508, Summit, MO 64063, 816-795- 7530 Lake C~y. FL 32055, 904-752-1087 804-622-7200 Montgomery, Greg (32094), 151 Woodland Lewis, Barbara Jo (pending), 148 W. 23rd McDuffie, Frederic C. (27827), 3155 Arden Oaks, Alachua, FL 32615, 904-462-4990 St.145, New YorX, NY 10011, Rd. N.W., Atlanta, GA 30305, Moore, Kenneth W. (28018), POB 2783, 212-691-5866 404-261-8425 Clarksville, TN 37042, 615- 431-3731 Lichtenstein, Bob (30939), 555 N.E. 15th St. McElroy, J. E. (31769), 2413 N. Corona, Moore, Kyle Richard (pending), 518-112 S. #23B, Miami, FL 33132, 305-923-4693 Colorado Springs, CO 80907, Lahoma Ave., Norman, OK 73069, Lichtenwaler, Derrick (32227), 884 N.W. 719-475-9061 405-364-8925 150th Ave., Ocala, FL 32675, McGuire, Robert D. (23415), POB 14852, Moore, William T. (pending), 1658 MonticeUo 904-237-3024 Gainesville, FL 32604, 904-336-9660 St., Petersburg, VA 23805, 804-732-5906 Liegerot, Richard J. (26774), 1441 Ashford McKinnon, Wayne (27956), 1520 S. Oats Moos, Howard R. (24078), POB 531, Pl., Atlanta, GA 30319, 404-457-6620 Lot 28, Dothan, AL 36301, 205-792-5720 Peoria, IL 61651, 309-629-7600 Lind, Mike (23689), 9019 Gaylord #71, McKusick, Gloria (pending), 2nd Floor Rt., More, Terry E. (27700), Rt. 3 Box 54, MI. Houston, TX 77024, 713- 467-6400 121 Freemon! St., Lowe, MA 01850 Carmel, IL 62863, 618- 262-7641 Lins, Daniel F. (28779), 1801 N.W. 28th McMahon, Jm P. (26731), 1530 Jones Dr .• Morecrolt, Robin (31208), 4620 Ramsgale Ave., Ocala, FL 32675, 904-629-9749 Ann Arbor, Ml48105, 313-747-6647 Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32308, 904-668-2466 Long, Mark H. (21139), 01363 Spring Lake McNew, William D. (27828), 23448 Pine Morgan, Henry J. (29955), Rt. 1 Box Rd., Fruitland Park, FL 34731, Crest Rd., Saucier, MS 39574, 175-A-5, Sinton, TX 78387, 512-287-3545 904-787-4542 601-832-2887 Morgan D.• Renee (30033), POB 62783 MacDonald, Douglas (23644), 2559 McWhorter, Norris A. (pending), 323 FSU, Talahassee, FL 32313, Kingston Dr., Florence, SC 29501 Independence Way, Woodstock, GA 904-877-8450 Mackey, Warren (pending), 123 W. 92nd St. 30188, 404-926-4121 Morgan, Richard K. (32099), 28 Macopin New #2, York, NY 10025,212-864-4276 McWiliams, Nancy J. (28791), 237 Bay Ave., Riverdale, NJ 07457, 201-835-5629 Madden, Jr., Edward B. (pending), 307 Colony Dr., Virginia Beach, VA 23451 Morphis, Terry (pending), 1673 Rt. 85, Yoakum Pky. #706, Alexandria, VA 22304, Meadows, Kevin K. (31412), 2847 Auburn Oakdale, CT 06370-1714,203-443-8873 703-751-4435 Ave., Columbus, GA 31906, 404-568-0788 Morris, Thomas L. (24256), 2629 N.W. 12th Maddox, Gary L. (22937), 2301 ad Meadows, Steve (31411), 2835 Roswell Ln., Ave., Gainesvile, FL 32605, 904-373-0741 Bainbridge Rd. 10180, Tallahassee, FL Columbus, GA 31906, 404-563-5633 Mosler, Allen (12940), Rt. 3 Box 3932, 32303, 904-386-8297 Meeks, David Ben (27702), 1085 Casanova Havana, FL 32333-9803 Maddox, Lory (family 27500), 2301 Old Dr., Virginia Beach, VA 23454, Mosser, Jin (21272), 6002 N.E. Bryant, Bainbridge Rd. #01808, Tallahassee, FL 804-490-4747 Portland, OR 97218,503-284-3773 32303, 904-386-8297 Megrant, Mary (30684), 9446 Dee Rd. #1-G, Mount, Donn (pending), 1304 Tanager Dr., Maegerlein, Stephen D. (8340), POB 60, Des Plaines, IL 60016, 708-827-5042 Orlando, FL 32830, 407- 894-7137 Williams, IN 47470, 812- 388-7293 Menke, Ronald G. (28384), 2300 Dawnwood Mount, Kristy (family pending), 1304 Main, Timothy M. (29511), 1305 CampviRe Ln., Orlando, FL 32809, 407-851-5928 Tanager Dr., Orlando, FL 32830, Rd. , Endicott, NY 13706, 607-785-0917 Merrill, Blaine C. (26776), D8 The Fishery, 407-894-7137 Main, Wil6am H. (20191), POB 1283, 915 Oceanfront, Sh~ . NJ 08008, Muir, Chris (29594), 2057 Shadow Pine, Alachua, FL 32615, 904-462- 4131 502-443-5890 Brandon, FL 33511, 813-684-5963 Malone, Daniel (32988), 5850 S.W. 42 Ter., Merz, RichardS. (31419), 2924 California Murphey, Dr. Milledge (24433), 1815 N.W. Miami, FL 33155, 305- 662-5872 Ave., Kettering, OH 45419, 513-298-0250 7th Pl., Gainesville, FL 32603 Marion, Scott D. (pending), 1100 Tudor Dr. , Metcalf, John (31313). 5005 Riverdale Rd., Nadich, Robert (11315), 22045 Royahon Gainesville, FL 32607, 904-332-6814 College Park, GA 30337, 404-996-6315 Rd., Strongsvile, 01-1 44136, 216-238-4503 Markwell, Joel (pending), 736 Ponce de Miles, Mike (27043), 18002 S.W. 88 Pl., Neilsen, David W. (29864), 1911 N. Jones Leon Ter., Atlanta, GA 30306, Miami, FL 33157, 305- 255-6064 Blvd. #109, Las Vegas, NV 89108, 404-876-3705 Mahollin, Robert D. (29962), 518 W. Lovers 702-646-7036 Martin, Anthony (29963), 150 E. Crisafulli Ln., Arlington, TX 76010, 817-277-0503 Newberg, G. Edward (31928), 722 SailfiSh Rd., Merritt Island, FL 32953, Miller, Gay A. (family pending), POB 1835, Rd., Winter Springs, FL 32708, 407-459-2665 Augusta, GA 30903- 1835, 803-557-9323 407-327-2693 Martin, Ph.D., Harris W. (26771), 105 N.W. Miller, Marianne M. (31304), 15204 Omaha Newton, Kenneth E. (25725), POB 1181, 24th St., Gainesville, FL 32607-2622, St., Hudson, FL 34667, 813-869-2939 Glenwood Springs, CO 81602, Vol. 18, No. 2 • March/ April, 1991 • UNDERWATFR 5raEa.ocY • 17 303-945-0619 Commonwealth Ave., Madison, WI 53711, 904-574-1623 Nicholson, Henry W. (21028), 5927 Hyde 608-233-8427 Richmond, John E. (32622), 25 Blackburn Park Cir., Jacksonvile, FL 3221 0, Poe, Rockie (pending), POB 25, Pl., Palm Coast, FL 32137,904-445-7820 904-786-6363 Germantown, KY 41044, 606-883- 3404 Riggs, Alan C. (28172), POB 150424, Niedzielski, Man (pending), P08 306, L..ake Porter, David (23980), 10801 W. 99th St., Lakewood, co 80215, 303-985- 0689 Grove, NY 11755, 516- 331-6243 Overland Park, KS 66214, 913-888-0094 Risk, Stanley G. (29190), At. 14 Box 700 Nystrom, Ray (31995), 2129 Li>erty St., Porter, Steve (25149), 1317 E. 5th St., St. Airport, Tallahassee, FL 32310, Alentown, PA 18104, 215-439-1240 Paul, MN 55106, 612- n8-0521 904-681-9080 O'Brien, George E. (29520), 5051 Hamilton Potter, Ill, Ira H. (27816), 5247 Renoir Dr., Roberts, Larry E. (27398), 1921 Lamotte Bridge Rd., Pace, FL 32571, 904-994~ Orlando, FL32818, 407-298-1027 Dr., Gautier, MS 39553, 601-497-4591 O'Brien, Kevin P. (32981), 114-17 118th St., Poucher, Michael (29018), 4625 N.E. 28th Robinson, Jim (24725), 1190 Hwy 22, S. Ozone Park, NY 11420, 718-738-8492 Ter., Ocala, FL 32670 EI~Ba~ Wl54210,414-854-4872 O'Leary, Michael (26648), 1688 Alexander Prile, James S. (31919), 71 Cochrane Dr., Rodman, Scott (31924 pendilg), 201 Pine, Ave., Merrick, L.l., NY 11566, Chalmette, LA 70043, 504-279-4343 Normal, IL 61761, 309- 454-4365 516-488-4599 Prosser, Joe (24253 L), 7400 N.W. 55th St., Rooker, Cit! (27607), HCP 66 Box Dive, Oberle, Elaile (29969), 1825 L.berty Rd. Miami, FL 33166- 4218, 305-966-0619 Henderson, AR 72544, 501-488-5144 1136, Lexington, KY 40505, 606-252-6176 Pruit, Jr., Buford (17920), 14750-G Beach Roselle, Wdliam B. (24490), POB 721, Pile Odom, Joe (22150), At. 6 Box 210, Blvd., Jacksonville, FL 32250, L..ake, GA 30072, 404- 299-3062 Hartselle, AL 35640 904-223-3288 Rosenberg, Robert (32804), 68 Palamino Oestreich, Bil (33161), 300 N. Hwy 19, Puckett, Lewis R. (28921), POB 214, Ct., Horsham, PA 19044, 215-674-8399 Crystal River, FL 32629 Suwannee, GA 30174, 404-945-9958 Rouse, Jr., Chris (family 32544), POB 103, Oliver, Peter L. (pending), POB 49591 , Purchase, Dale J. (19577), 4181 S. Revere, PA 18953, 215- 847-8813 Austin, TX 78765, 512-476-6639 Wayside, Saginaw, Ml 48603, Rouse, Chris (32542), POB 103, Revere, PA Oliver, Tm (31204), 705 Bluestone Rd., 517-791-1707 18953,215-847-8813 Durham, NC 2n13, 919- 544-7800 Ouestal, Kelvil (30335), 983 Madison, Rouse, Susan (family 32543), POB 103, Ormeroid, Judy (21146), 629 W. 4th St., Wooster, OH 44691,216- 262-3483 Revere, PA 18953, 215-847- 8813 Marysville, OH 43040, 513-642-m5 Quist, Charles (22860). 4500 Hwy. 92 E. Rowe, Todd C. (28924), 6270 Murray Ormeroid, Stephen Hil c. (19017), 629 w. 4th 1130, Lakeland, FL 33801, 813-665-9392 Rd., Excelsior, MN 55331- 8830, St., Marysvile, OH 43040, 513-642-ID5 Racey, Ralph J. (32638), 10 Chestnut H~l 612-474-8955 Osterk.lnd, Merlyn (lamiy 13037), 1815 Dr., New Fairfield, CT 06812, Rushin-Bel, C. J. (11372 F), US AID, Inspiration Ln., Huntsvile, AL 35801 205-746-2104 Antananarivo 2040, Washington, OC Ouellette, Steve (31927), 15429 Eddy Lake Rankin. John M. (32102), POB 263, ~950 Rd., Fenton, Ml48430, 313-629-9628 Longwood, FL 32752, 407-321- 1157 Russel, David (33257), POB 4641, Boise, Owen, Diane (30796), 14407 N. Fairview Ransford, M. (30361), 6991 ID 83711 Ln., Dale City, VA 22193, 703-a78-9358 Athens-Boonesboro Rd., Lexington, KY Russo, Torn M. (27955). 13603 Old Farm Owen, Duane G. (16634), At. 2 Box 134L, 40509, 606-263-4ID Dr., Tampa, FL 33625, 813-961-5569 Chatham, VA 24531, 804- 432-o517 Rau, Jr., R. Frederick (28574), 6165 Mach- Sackman, Chuck B. (20078), 3532 Yale Cir., Padalino, Tommie (27703), 6929 Brentlield, 1 Dr., Colorado Springs, CO 80918, Riverview, FL 33569, 813-685-9434 Dallas, TX 75248, 214- 969-4238 303-598-615 Salas, Richard L. (29033), 13416 Lake Mary Page, Ill, E. Eugene (32850), 205 S.E. 16th Rausch, Maj Michael (32620), 854 W. Jane Rd., Orlando, FL 32832, Ave. 132-C, Ganesvile, FL 32601, Greentree Rd., River Hills, WI 53217, 407-2n-6224 904-371-3990 414-228-1618 Saltsman, Dayton (20711), 393514th St. Pansing, Mark (26348), 1180 Kilg Ave., Redinger, Donald N. (30789), 2526 Library N.E., St. Petersburg, FL 33703-5409, Columbus, OH 43212, 614-291-4269 Rd., Pittsburgh, PA 15234, 412-885-5300 813-521-3683 Papademetriou, Spyro (32991), 3860 N. Reeves, Jeffrey A. (32815), 29335 Sheeks, Sanford, Jr., James K. (32629), 111 Toby Ridgeview Rd., Arlington, VA 22207, Flat Rock, Ml 48134, 313-782-Q517 Cir. #B-6, Greensville, NC 27834, 703-241-2672 Rennaker, William D. (29030), 118 N. 600 919-355-4684 Pauish, T. F. (29023), 3203 Covington Rd., E., Greentown, IN 46936, 31Hi28-3781 Santas, Kim (32617), 11 Chippewa Ct., Ft. Wayne, IN 46802, 219-432-n45 Rensch, Jack A. (22172), 2969 Daisy Ln., Seneca, sc 29678, 803-882- 6972 Peacock, Clifford C. (30353), 3128 Rolen Columbus, OH 43204- 2204, Sarbu, SherI. (32085), 26-18 Halsted St., Dr., Portsmouth, VA 23703, 804-484-7923 614-272-7169 Cincinnati, OH 45214, 513-784-9765 Perdue, Marvin E. (29027), POB 660, Rocky Reyes, VICky L. (32987), 4035 N.W. 34th Saunders, Dennis {32984), 2701 S.W. Mt., VA 24151, 703-483-5675 Pl., Gainesv~le, FL 32606, 904-378-7574 Collage, Ste. 107, Pergament, Ocala, FL 32671, Lisa D. (pending), 5549 5th St., Rhea, David W. (30508), 313 WMe Crest 904-237-3483 Zephyrhills, FL33541, 813-782-4204 Dr., MaryviDe, TN 37801, 615-9n-o360 Saunders, VICki (family 32985), 2701 S.W. Perniciaro, Peter (32989), 2100 Paces Rhea, Dennis K. (30210), RD 2 Box 86, Collage, Ocala, FL 32671, 904-237-3483 Forest Ct. #318, Raleigh, NC 27612, Blairsville, PA 15717, 412- 459-8998 Savage, UUa R. (29277). 919-571-7825 2111 Brevard Rd., Rice, Maurice A. (33160), 2909lndiana Arden, NC 28704 Phillips, Lloyd (24852), 5339 Redrac St., Ave., Stevens Point, Wl54481, Schavey, Russ E. (6289), 6801 Tropical Jacksonville, FL 32205, 904-786-2549 715-344-0890 Shore Way, Tampa, FL 33615, Philips, Waller (29397), 925 Starlight Dr., Richards, Johnny W. (28573), 7021 813-855-6296 Atlanta, GA 30342, 404-257-9127 Hovenkamp, Richland HiOs, TX 76118, Schellenberg, Stephen A. (28866), 18420 P~r. Randy (32809), 3402 S. Peoria, 817-595-1395 Wayne Rd., Odessa, Tulsa, OK 74105, FL 33556, 918-744- 1015 Richardson, Drew (32535), 1251 E. Oyer 813-920-5094 P~cairn, Clark D. (20722), 55 Princeton Rd ., Rd . #100, Santa, CA 92705- 5605, Schlatweiler, Barbara A. (pending), Huntington Valley, PA 19006, 6114 714-540-7234 Ashcroft Brandon, 215-357-8137 Dr., FL 33511, Richardson, Frank C. (33167 pending), At. 813-653-0749 Pitts, William Karl (25074), 2404 16 Box 9048A, Tallahassee, FL 32310, Schmidt, Andy (32092), 80 Colgate Ave., 18 • UNDfRWA"JB{ ~y • Vol. 18, No.2 • March/ April, 1991 Paramus, NJ 07652, 201- 845-3357 Smith, Rodney L. (pending), POB 157, 912-638-5361 Schmidt, Annette (fam~y 32093) , 80 Colgate Monroe, IN 46772, 219-692- 6572 Tentor, Lawrence (pending}, Dept . of Ave., Paramus, NJ 07652, 201-967-7465 Smith, Wilfiam W. (28919), 2133 Favor Rd. Mechanical Eng., Virginia Tech., Schmuecker, Doug (pending) , 895 Jefferson #7, Marietta, GA 30060, 404-438-9053 Blacksburg, VA 24061-o238, 703-552-2812 Ave., Marengo, lA 52301, 319-£42-7676 Smitka, Curt W. (26476), 9144 Ascot Dr., Terry, Kurt (24854}, 10425 Plantation Bridge Schulz, Peter (31758), 2831 N.W. 23rd Ct., Yps~anti, Ml48198, 313-481-1125 Or., Alphar, GA 30202, 404-475-8760 Boca Raton, FL 33431 Snure, Jeff (31701}, 3744 Hutton Rd., Thayer, O.D., Glenn R. (22072), 100 Thayer Schwartz, Ken (32624), 15394 2nd St. E., Smithvale, OH 44677, 216- 345-6886 Ln., Lake Placid, FL 33852, 813-465-0220 Madeira Beach, FL 33708, 613-391-9061 Snyder, Karen S. (29734), 6 Gramercy Pl., Thomas, Avra (family pending), 8 Orange Schweyen, John (24848 L), 449 Doremus Glendale, MO 63122, 314-968-8913 Blossom Tr., Yalaka, FL 34797 Ave., Glen Rock, NJ 07452, 201-612-9461 Soukup, Cady (14047}, POB 430, Riot Hill, Thomas, James B. (pending), 8 Orange Scott, Wayne (29510), 110 Old Hillsborough VA 22627, 703-675-3015 Blossom Tr., Yalaka, FL 34797, Ave. E., Seffner, FL 33584-4128 Speicher, James L. (29516), 8514 904-324-3166 Selden, Randolph B. (27833), POB 40734, Wynnefield Dr., Charleston, SC 29420, Thomas, Jimmy D. (31181}, 3705 Jacksonville, FL 32203, 904-384-3901 803-552-3595 Bluebonnet Cir., Weatherford, TX 76087, SeH, VICtor H. (28891), 1082 Worthington St. John, Stanley C. (30209}, 3907 N. 817-599-8278 Woods Blvd ., Worthington, OH 43085 Harvard Ave., Peoria, IL 61614, Thomas, John C. (32537), 16318 Marcrest Sharp, BiH (32631 ), 5850 Beaumont, El 309-682-5268 Dr., Kearnet, MO 64060, 816-635-6719 Paso, TX 79912, 915-584- 2929 Starcevich, Richard (29029}, 610 Grimm, Thompson, Philip A. (pending), 502 S. 8th Sharp, Sue (pending), 2373 Samira Rd., Morton, IL 61550 Ave., Lanott, AL 36863, 205-644-7788 Stow, OH 44224 Staton, Jimmy (32222}, At. 1 Box 300-A, Tillman, Robert (29387), 5211 S. Indian Shaw, David A. (28929), 5780 Flagflower BeReville, AR 72824, 501-495-2663 River Or., Port S, FL 34982 Pl., Columbia, MD 21045, 301-964-1650 Steele, Michael R. (28420}, POB 1268, Towne, Herbert (26118}, POB 887, High Shaw, Michael (28936), 6590 Fruitgift Pl., Eagle, CO 81631, 303-524- 7164 Springs, FL 32643-2317 Columbia, MD 21045, 301-381-7032 Stevens. Jr., Frank (32219}, 720 Rockford Truesdell, Larry A. (26832}, 16 Bryans Mill Shead, Melba J. (33166), 129B Bucher Or., Rd ., High Point, NC 27260, 919-841-3338 Way, Catonsville, MD 21228, Decatur, GA 30030, 404-373-1542 Stevens, Mark C. (32928), 2503 Woodwind 301-461-1929 Sherriff , Jim (20363), 2033 Maple Tree, Or., Richmond, TX 77469-2361, Tucker, Jr., Raymond W. (29974), RR 11 Cahokia, ll 62206 713-342-5741 Box 204A, Sly Hil Rd., Ava, NY 13303, Short, Wendy Grilley (30802), 12745 Sand Stevenson, Joel B. (14246 FL}, 1509 BB&T 315-337-6938 Ridge Or., Jacksonville, FL 32258, Bldg., Asheville, NC 28801 , 704-684-o127 Turkewitz, Harry (32097), 216 Walker St., 904-268-{)414 Stewart, Alan (24034), 3188 Skinner Min Rd. Massapequa Park, NY 11762, Siaba, Richard (32231), 253 Glengariff Rd ., #2-E, Augusta. GA 30909 516-799-2368 Massapequa Park, NY 11762, Stone, Wiliam (12783 F), 7739 Laytonia Dr., Van Haaffen, Diederick (32547), POB 334, 516-541-3463 Derwood, MD 20855 Ferndale, NY 12734 Simmons, Ron (16894), POB 7351 , Stoner, Denise M. (family 32614}, 728 Van Eldik, Richard B. (28922), 1218 S.E. Charlottesville, VA 22906, 804- 293-8929 Suncrest Loop #112, Casselberry, FL 11th Sl., Ocala, FL 32671, 904-368-2384 Sims, Sleven (26499), 2110 Bula Or., 32707, 407-695-0746 Vaughan, Ill, Richard (family }, 1406 Colorado Springs, CO 80915, Stoner, Edward P. (32613), 728 Suncrest Magnolia Dr., Augusta, GA 30909, 719-574-8329 Loop #112, Casselberry, FL 32707, 404-738-5786 Sirota, Linda (family 23441), At. 2, Box 407-695-0746 Vaughn, David W. (31301), 449 E. Market 211U, Wellborn, FL 32094,904-963-2904 Storey, Barbara M. (family 7484}, 3221 St., Kingspo!1, TN 37660, 615-378-6222 Sirota, Phillip (23440), At. 2 Box 211 -U, Valaire Dr., Decatur, GA 30033 Veni, George (17322 F), 11304 Candle Welborn, FL 32094 Storey, James W. (5309), 3221 Valaire Or., Park, San Antonio, TX 78249, Sistrunk, Michele C. (31917), 137 Tuckahoe Decatur, GA 30033, 404-939-5800 512-558-4403 Dr., Newport News, VA 23606, Suarez, Jr., Edward E. (32232}, 6945 Venizelos, Ariella (31312}, 335 Westwood 804-930-2650 Spinning Seed, Columbia, MD Dr., Key Biscayne, FL 33149, Skiles, Wesley C. (20850), 418 Billy Brown 21045-5314, 301-965-6432 305-365-0255 Ave., High Springs, FL 32643, Sugden, Jr., Herbert J. (32807), 21500 Yurt Verano, Judith (24845), 643-C Keene Rd. 904-454-37 49 Ct., Apopka, FL 32703, 407-880-2584 N. , Clearwater, FL 34615, 813-461-2793 Sledzinski, Ted (pending), 2401 Seaside St. Sutton, Carl A. (32635), 1020 N.W. 7th Pl., Vick, Debby (fam~y pending), 1312 #302, San Diego, CA 92107-1477, Gainesville, FL 32601 , 904-376-o215 Evergreen Ct., Panama City, FL 32404, 619-225-0192 Swygert, Alan (30790), 505 Spoolwheel Rd ., 904-769-5754 Sloan, M.D., Noel E. (14282), 8715 Garden Gibert, SC 29054, 803-892-3030 Vick, Henry R. (30945), 1312 Evergreen Ct., Rock Ct., Indianapolis, IN 46256, Tanksley, Patrick A. (pending), POB 301, Panama City, FL 32404, 904-769-5754 317-845-8821 Chatsworth, GA 30705, 404-695-5309 Vlasak, Richard (29019), 8526 N.W. 6th Sloan, Wiltiam E. (25672), 1139 Fielding Dr., Tarr, Richard P. (26706), 1931 Foxhound Ave., Gainesville, FL 32601 Maryville, TN 37804, 615-984-5233 Ln ., Norfolk, VA 23518, 804-857-7751 Vroman, Art (31915), 552 Spring Rd. #86, Sloss, Ronnie L. (31549), 1228 Henry Ave ., Tasso, Eric P. (27264}, 928-7 2nd St. S.W., Moorpark, CA 93021. 805- 529-4080 Bowling Green, KY 42104, 502-843-8632 Roanoke, VA 24016, 703-981-o687 Vroom, Dennis W. (32980), 4338 Comet Tr., Smith, Barbara R. (30543), 2705 Green Taylor, Gary L. (pending), 6011 E. Red Hixson. TN 37343, 615- 875-0582 Meadows Ct., Kissimmee, FL 34741, Bridge Rd ., Kansas City, MO 64134, Vroom, James E. (32634), 4338 Comet Tr., 407-847-0943 816-966-1143; 816-763-5678 Hixson, TN 37343, 615-875-0582 Smith, Paul (14385), 2842 N.E. 14th Dr., Taylor, Harman (21137), 105 Great Oak Pl., Wallar, Vincent D. (pending), 1004 Westview Gainesville, FL 32609, 904-376-6051 St. Simons Island, Ga 31522, Dr., Hebron, OH 43025 Smith, Robert M. (31926), 3921 Headley's 912-638-6719 Walter, Ralph (29737}, 9666 Pepperidge Dr., Mill Rd., Pataskala , OH 43062, Taylor, Richard (21138), 206 Menendez Indianapolis, IN 46236,317-899-1603 614-927-5900 Ave., St. Simons Island, GA 31522, Ward, James M. (30582), 2120 Wilcresl Vol. 18, No. 2 • March/ April, 1991 • UNCOWA~ 5m.Bx..oGY • 19 #225, Houston, TX 77092, 713-782-()678 Wimberley, Stephen C. (29386), 672 WiU Chain Fern Way, Orange Park, FL 32073 Watkins, Gordon (26609), 403 12th St. Scarlet Way, Macon, GA 31210, 477-5802 N.W., Largo, FL 34640, 813- 581-4040 Winiker, Ron (26837), 170 W. Clift Dr. #63, FOREIGN MEMBERS Watson, Arthur M. (pending), 741 N.W. 36th Santa Cruz, CA 95060- 5488 Adams, Neil (29973), c/o Motorola GMBH, St., Gainesville, FL 32607, 904-338-1715 Wisenbaker, Mike (28895), 2013 Longview Landwehrstrasse 75, 6100 Darmstadt, Watson, Patton E. (26692), POB 250174, Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32303, 904-487-2333 West Germany Montgomery, AL 36125-0174, Witherspoon, Colette M. (32548), 5816 A Bergunde, Clifford E. (26182), 122 Richfield 205-264-3313 Lakeshore, Port Huron, Ml 48060, Rd., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Weatherford, Wayne (25810), 430 James 313-385-7157 Buck, Marcus J. (17382), Department of St., Burlington, NC 27217, 919-229-0793 WoHer, Patrick A. (29949), 5836 Union Geology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Weathersford, Diane (family 27769), 430 Church Rd., Brasetton, GA 30517, Ont. L8S 4M1, Canada James St., Burlington, NC 27217, 404-925-596\l Coke, James G. (26442), Postal1, Playa 919-229-0793 Worley, Larry Michael (pending), 1742 Del Carmen, 0. Roo m10. Mexico Weeks, Lloyd (22862), 2027 Fredricksburg Sinnott Cir., Independence, MO 64050, de Groot, Johanna G. (27889), Posta11, Pl., Lakeland, FL 33803 816-833-1250 Playa Del Carmen, 0. Roo 77710, Mexico Weinstein, Skip (31929), 1081 Alameda #79, Wright, Mark (33163), 9934 Capperton Dr., Upton, Fred (pending), R.R. 11, Paisley, Belmont, CA 94002, 415-593-4140 Oakton, VA 22124, 703- 281-7107 Ont. NOG 2NO, Canada We~e. James E. (29601), 104 Pine Creek Wright, William P. (31407), 3410 Elmhurst Hume, George W. (24154), R.R. 5, Mitton, Tr., Ormond Beach, FL 32174, St., Rowlett, TX 75088, 214-475-6018 Ont. L9T 2X9, Canada Wrobbel, James P. (32224), 5102 904-673-6635 Kaijser, Malin (pending), Sand Dollar Dive Wells, JeH (26117), 816 Fairlawn St., Allen, Pennsbury Dr., Tampa, FL 33624, and Photo, Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles TX 75002, 714-727- 4587 813-963-2707 Knab, Oliver(?), Bandlistr 37, Zuerich Werner, Edward D. (pending), 17794 W. Yager, Jill (19089), Biology Dept., Antioch CH-8064, Switzerland 14th Ave. #1 0, Golden, CO 80401, College, Yellow Springs, OH 45387, Macgregor, G. W. Kirk (9801), 78 King High 303-279-6108 513-767-2698 Ave., Downsview. Onl. M3H 3B1, Canada Westbrooks, Jeffrey T. (32619), 1306 Young, Capt. Robert (29953), POB 442, Madden, Mike (31997), Postal117, Playa Frontier Tr., Buford, GA 30518, Aquebogue, NY 11931, 516- 722-3091 Del Carmen, 0 Roo 77710, Mexico 404-945-7840 Young, J. Billy (17268), 341 Village Green Wilde, Sarah W. (30633), 417 Julian PI, Ct., Liburn, GA 30247, 404-925-1054 Priddy, Dr. Richard (pending), c/o Dept. of Kirkwood, MO 63122, 314- 821-1351 Youngblood, Joseph A. (28576), 3522 Anesthesia, Foothills Hospital, 29th St. Williams, Mary K. (31999), 40031dlewood Coljean Rd. Lot #5, Jacksonville, FL N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 2T9, Canada Rd., Austin, TX 78731, 512-458-8520 32221 ' 904-962-0792 Reekie, JohnS. (28002), P. 0. Box 990, Wilson, Clyde R. (33168), 4710 Middlebrook Zaske, Marvin D. (16183), 4020 W. 9th Ave. Port Perry, Ont. L9L 1A8, Canada Pike, Knoxville, TN 37921, 615-584-5298 #231, Hibbing, MN 557 46, 218-263-5639 Shamess, Allan R. (30346), Shamess Rd., Wilson, Forrest (16631), 2832 Concord Dr., Zeto, Jr., John P. (30128), POB 270955, Black Bay, Petawawa, Ont. K8H 2W8, Decatur, GA 30033, 404-292-5613 Tampa, FL 33688-0955, 813-961-3459 Canada Wilson, William D. (32554), 3160 E. Pineleaf Zisser, Stephen L. (32221 ), 4580 Village Van Soeren, Mary (24436), 26 Cambridge Ln., Inverness, FL 32652, 904-726-3082 Oaks Ct., Dunwoody, GA 30338, Street, Guelph, Ont. N1H 2T9, Canada Wilson, William L. (12231 F), 3543 Norwich 404-344-7121 Warner, Jochen (26838), Schachenstr. 29, Ct., Casselberry, FL 32707, 407-695-8563 Zumrick, M.D., John L. (18788 F), 1588 8048 Zuerich, Switzerland • Cave Diving Section of the National Speleological Society, Inc. NON·PROAT A naprolit scidfc and e EXPIRED? ----~~ Please check the date on the first line of your mailing label. If it is earlier than "05- 91" your membershiplsubscnption has lapsed and you will be dropped from the off1c1al roster and mailing list. Th1s w1ll be your last issue. Delinquent instructors will be reported to the Training Chairman for suspension of certification pr1v1leges. The Cave Diving Section of the National Speleological Sociefy cordially Invites you to Its 37th CAVE DIVING WORKSHOP FRIDAY- ~ONDAY, MAY 24 - 27, 1991 at the Branford High School, Branford, Florida Lectures, Videos, Diving, Recreation - Cave Divers, Open-Water Divers, & Non-Divers all Welcome! WORKSHOP SCHEDULE FRIDAY EVENING, May 24th 5:00- 8:00pm N5S-CDS Board of Directors Meeting - Dive Rite, Lake Cify 8:00pm - 7 PARTY hosted by Steve a Judy Ormerold celebrating their 20th enniversary - ~ Jugw Tavern near lchetucknee Springs State Park. Free food & beer. story telling. ~liars· contest. open jam session. SATURDAY, May 25th 8:00am Workshop Registration. Coffee & Donufs 9:00 Introduction and Welcome- Terry DeRoLin & Bill Foote. Workshop Chairmen 9: 15 "The Beginnings of the Cave Diving Section of the NSS," a perspective of the ear1y days. by veteran cave explorer Capt. John Zumrlck, M.D. 10:00 "Why I'm still Alive," a study of the Learning Curve, by the men who wrote the books on cave diving. premier explorer Sheck Exley. 11:00 "Does the CDS hlong with the NSS?"- en examination of our relationship with the National Speleological Sociefy. by one our first instructors end en active dry cover Wayne Marshall. 12:00noon LUNCH- Delicious.Ba-B-Que Picnic catered by the Suwennee Cove Restal.l'ant (incl. in regis. fee.) 1:00pm "Are Current Training standards Adequate?"- an Open Forum featuring four of our most involved and experienced instructors- Sheck Exley. Joe Prosser. Mark Leonard. & Lamar Hires. 2:00 Awards Presentations 2:30 "The Basics ot High-Performance Regulator Design a Reid Reliability," by Joe Schelorke of Poseidon 3:15 Break _ 3:30 "The Basics ot Safety - Reid Neurological Assessment a the Administration of Oxygen," by Dr. Robert R. Clemons as taught by Ufeguard Systems 4: 15 "The Basics ot Compressor Design," by a representative of Mako Compressors 5:00 "The state of the NSS-CDS," by CDS Chairmen Frank Howard 5:30 - 6:00 General Membership Meeting 7:00 Evening PARTY at Ginnie Springs - catered Chicken Dinner. Refreshmen1s. Videos and Fun! (Add'/ cost: Pre-registration- members $5, non-mem. $7; at the door- mem. $7, non-mem. $10) SUNDAY, May 26th 9 am - 4 pm Poseidon Repair Clinic - A certification class in the rebuilding and repair of Poseidon Regulators. taught by Joe Schelorke. Dealer persomel only. · 9am -4pm Survey Clinic- Develop your map-making skills under the tutelage of the course's creators. John Burge & Frank Howard. $15.00. Basic Underwater Cave St.rveying- required reading. 9am- 12noon Introduction to Cave Photography- the basic skills for shooting qualify photos in the cave's unique environment. taught by Bob Janowski. the Section's Photography Program Coordinator AN Day Guided Diving Tours - for all levels of certified dvers. from begiming cavern to· side-moun1s Santa Fe River Pontoon Boat Trip - enjoy a relaxing tour of this beautiful Ronda river Introduction to Cavem Diving - your chance to try it safely with a certified Cavern Diving Instructor Santa Fe River Canoe Trip - hosted by Woody Jasper of ~Rescue 911. fame Aerial Reconnaissance of Karst Kountry- with cave diver/pilot Sheck Exley "Caving Olympic Games"- fun. games. end prizes for the whole family Afternoon Race Watching - Mark Leonard will again offer his ~lndanapolis Race COITlmentary & Expert Analysis: Exciting. drama- and trauma-packed session at his house in front of his big-screen lV. 8:00pm Instructors Meeting - Suwamee Cove Restal.l'ant MONDAY, May 27th 9 am - 4 pm NHrox Workshop - the theory and application of Nitrox taught by Mark Leonard. $75.00 - includes materials. Certification -additional $15.00. 9 am- 4 pm Field Assessment and 02 Administration - en accident management course taught by Dr. Robert R. Clemons as taught by Ufeguard Systems. $99.00. CEU's avaUable. AU Day More Guided Dives ------I« ------1991 NSS-CDS SPRING WORKSHOP - MAY 24-27, 1991 - PRE-REGISTRATION FORM Clip and mail with your check or money order postmarked by May 15 to: NSS.CDS SPRING WORKSHOP. P.O. BOX 950, BRANFORD. FL 32008.(}950 Pre-registration: NSS Member -Sat. a Sun. Daytime- $15, Sat. Evening $5; Non-member - Sat./Sun. Day- $18, Sat. Eve. $7 At the Door: NSS Member- Sat. a Sun. Daytime - $18, Sat. Evening $7; Non-member - Sat./Sun. Day - $20, Sat. Evening $10 Children age 5 to 12 $5. Children under 5 tree. Babysitting provided free ot charge Saturday 8:00am-5:00pm. Please Print Very Clearly! NSSMember Non-Member Sat/&nDays SatEve Sat/Sun Days Sat Eve Name ______0 S15 0$5 NSS # ____ I 0 S18 0 S7 Name ______0 S15 0 S5 NSS # ____ I 0S18 0$7 0 Survey $15 0 Nitrox $75 0 Nitrox with certification $90 0 02 Administration $99 0 Child 5-12 years $5 0 Child 5-12 years $5 A~r~------~------ City______State____ Zlp. ______Phone------ (OffiCe Use Only: Date received.______C~kN~------> Total Enclosed$ ______