Eksistensi Tari Payung Sebagai Tari Melayu Minangkau Di Sumatera Barat

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Eksistensi Tari Payung Sebagai Tari Melayu Minangkau Di Sumatera Barat i JURNAL EKSPRESI SENI Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Karya Seni ISSN: 1412–1662 Volume 17, Nomor2,November2015,hlm.165-323 Terbit dua kalisetahun pada bulan Juni dan November.Pengelola Jurnal Ekspresi Seni merupakan sub-sistemLPPMPPInstitut Seni Indonesia (ISI)Padangpanjang. Penanggung Jawab Rektor ISI Padangpanjang Ketua LPPMPP ISI Padangpanjang Pengarah KepalaPusat Penerbitan ISI Padangpanjang Ketua Penyunting Afrizal Harun Tim Penyunting Elizar Sri Yanto Surherni Adi Krishna Emridawati Harisman Rajudin Penterjemah Novia Murni Redaktur Saaduddin Liza Asriana Ermiyetti Tata Letak danDesainSampul Yoni Sudiani Web Jurnal Ilham Sugesti ______________________________________________.________________________________ _ Alamat Pengelola Jurnal Ekspresi Seni:LPPMPP ISI Padangpanjang Jalan Bahder Johan Padangpanjang27128, Sumatera Barat; Telepon(0752) 82077 Fax. 82803; e-mail; [email protected] Catatan.Isi/Materi jurnal adalah tanggung jawab Penulis. Diterbitkan oleh Institut Seni Indonesia Padangpanjang ii JURNAL EKSPRESI SENI Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan KaryaSeni ISSN: 1412–1662 Volume 17, Nomor2,November2015,hlm.165-323 DAFTAR ISI PENULIS JUDUL HALAMAN Husni Mubarat Aksara Incung Kerinci Sebagai Sumber Ide 165 - 179 Penciptaan Seni Kriya Diah Rosari Eksistensi Tari Payung Sebagai Tari Melayu 180–203 Syafrayuda Minangkabau di Sumatera Barat Nursyirwan Kesenian Rarak (Calempong) Sudut Pandang 204–221 Fungsi dan Guna di Desa Seberang Taluk Kuantan Singingi Riau Evi Lutfiah “Permainan Bola Api (Boles)” Antara Sakral 222–229 dan Profan di Pondok Pesantren Dzikir Al- Fath Sukabumi Lina Marliana Cingcowong: Upacara Ritual Meminta Hujan 230–243 Hidayat di Desa Luragung Landeuh Kecamatan Luragung Kabupaten Kuningan Rahmad Washinton Visualisasi Motif Itiak Pulang Patang Pada 244–258 Kriya Kayu Ranelis Kerajinan Rendo Bangku Koto Gadang 259–274 Rahmad Washinton Sumatera Barat Rizki Rahma Dina Makna dan Nilai Filosofis Masyarakat 275–282 Palembang yang Terkandung dalam Bentuk dan Arsitektur Rumah Limas Connie Lim Keh Nie Lagu Pop Bidayuh Bukar Sadong di Serian, 283–304 Sarawak, Malaysia Dini Yanuarmi Dampak Seni Bordir Komputer di Bukittinggi 305-323 Sumatera Barat _______________________________________________________________________________ Berdasarkan Peraturan Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi Kementerian Pendidikan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 49/Dikti/Kep/2011 Tanggal 15 Juni 2011 Tentang Pedoman Akreditasi Terbitan Berkala Ilmiah. JurnalEkspresi Seni Terbitan Vol. 17, No. 2 November 2015 Memakaikan Pedoman Akreditasi Berkala Ilmiah Tersebut. EKSISTENSI TARI PAYUNG SEBAGAI TARI MELAYU MINANGKAU DI SUMATERA BARAT Diah Rosari Syafrayuda Pascasarjana Institut Seni Indonesia (ISI) Padangpanjang Jl. Bahder Johan Padangpanjang,27128,Sumatera Barat [email protected] ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan fenomena yang berkaitan dengan Eksistensi Tari Payung sebagai Tari Melayu Minangkabau. Sebagai suatu kajian budaya yang kritis dan emansipatoris dirumuskan masalah penelitian yaitu bagaimanakah eksistensi tari Payung sebagai tari Melayu Minangkabau, bagaimana bentuk tari Payung Syofiany sebagai tari Melayu Minangkabau di Sumatera Barat, serta faktor-faktor apa saja yang menyebabkan tari Payung sebagai tari Melayu Minangkabau. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, dengan metode pengumpulan data di lapangan seperti observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi serta dianalisis secara interaktif dan berlangsung secara terus pada tahap penelitian sehingga sampai tuntas. Aktivitas dalam analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dari penarikan kesimpulan.Berdasarkan analisis data dapat di formulasikan hasil penelitian yakni pertama eksistensi tari Payung sebagai tari Melayu Minangkabau hadir wadah di tengah lingkungan masyarakat terpelajar baik di lingkungan masyarakat kota dan masyarakat nagari Kata kunci : Tari Payung, Eksistensi, Masyarakat terpelajar ABSTRACT This study aims to to express phenomenon pertaining to the existence of dance an umbrella as dance Malay Minangkabau. As an assessment culture who is critical and emansipatoris formulated problems research that is how existence dance an umbrella as dance Malay Minangkabau, what was the dance an umbrella as dance Malay Minangkabau, and what factors cause dance an umbrella as dance Malay Minangkabau. This research is research qualitative with data collection method in the field as observation, interviews and documentation and analyzed interactive and place in a to hold at a research phase so until completed.Activity in the analysis data was undertaken by reduction data, presentation of data, from a with drawal conclusion. Based on analysis of the data can be in formulasikan the results of the study the first existence dance an umbrella as dance Malay Minangkabau present a container in the middle of the community erudite good in the community city and the community nagari.. Key words : Dance an umbrella, the existence of; the community erudite 180 Jurnal Ekspresi Seni, Vol. 17, No. 2, November 2015 PENDAHULUAN selalu tumbuh dan berkembang dengan Minangkabau terkenal dengan ciri Melayunya, baik dari segi berbagai bentuk dan jenis seni tari gerakannya, pakaian (seperti pakaian yang tumbuh dan berkembang di orang Melayu), musik dengan musik tengah masyarakat pendukungnya. langgam Melayu. Sehingga tari Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan Payung dapat dikategorikan sebagai berbagai jenis tari Minangkabau sesuai tari Melayu Minangkabau. dengan perkembangan masing-masing Pelajar-pelajar Noormalschool masyarakat yang di Bukittinggi yaitu Sitti Agam dan menghidupkembangkan kesenian Sariamin melaksanakan acara tersebut. pertunjukan kesenian yang lebih Pada perkembangan sekitar populer dikenal dengan pertunjukan tahun 1920-an tari Minangkabau toneel atau basandiwara yang diantara mempunyai karakteristik gerak lemah paket pertunjukannya adalah lembut. Hal ini pernah mewarnai pertunjukan tari Payung. Menurut persepsi sebagian seniman dan Mulyadi (1994 : 334-339) Pertunjukan budayawan Minangkabau tentang toonel atau basandiwara yang berawal kespesifikan dan keunikan tari antara tahun 1936-1937 oleh pelajar Minangkabau. Menurut Idrus Hakimi aktif Noormalschool akhirnya (2001:1) bahwa pernyataan karakter berkembang ke lingkungan gerak tari Minangkabau pada masa itu masyarakat nagari-nagari di Sumatera diibaratkan sebagai gerak siganjua Barat. Hal ini ditambahkan oleh lalai, pado suruik maju nan labiah. Syofiany bahwa dalam pertunjukan Alu tataruang patah tigo, samuik toonel atau sandiwara tersebut tari tapijak indak mati” (pada surut maju Payung menjadi paket pertunjukan yang lebih.Alu tertaruang patah tiga, yang tidak pernah terlupakan. Tidak semut terpijak tidak mati) yang berlebihan jika dikatakan tidak ada bermakna gerak lemah lembut yang sandiwara tanpa tari Payung. mengandung ketajaman dan kekuatan Sekitar tahun 1960 tari Payung tersebut, terlihat pada tari Payung yang pernah menjadi salah satu tari 181 Jurnal Ekspresi Seni, Vol. 17, No. 2, November 2015 Minangkabau yang populer di masih tetap mempertahankan lingkungan masyarakat Minangkabau karakteristik dan etika tari tradisi maupun lingkungan masyarakat Minangkabau dengan memperhatikan lainnya. Sebagian masyarakat karakter gerak tarinya dan mudah berpandangan belum merasa ditiru bagi siapa saja yang mengikuti menyaksikan tari Minangkabau tarian tersebut, sehingga sampai sebelum melihat pertunjukan tari sekarang lebih populer dari tari Payung. Tari Payung sering tampil Payung lainnya dan ikut serta dalam dalam paket pertunjukan tari setiap pertunjukan baik tingkat Minangkabau baik dalam bentuk nasional maupun internasional, serta hiburan maupun dalam bentuk dikalangan pelajar baik tingkat pertunjukan seni (performing art). Sekolah Dasar hingga tingkat Sekolah Lingkungan pendidikan Atas ikut andil menarikan tari Payung kesenian seperti di Sekolah Menengah Syofiany dalam acara pertunjukan Karawitan Indonesia Padang yang pentas seni sekolah maupun berbagai sekarang disebut SMK 7 dan di Institut perlombaan. Presepsi yang Seni Indonesia Padang Panjang, tari berkembang di masyarakat luar Payung pernah menjadi salah satu Minangkabau mengenal tari Payung paket dalam pembelajaran tari. Begitu Syofiany adalah tari Minangkabau. juga pada sanggar-sanggar tari Padahal bagi sebahagian masyarakat Minangkabau yang berada di kota-kota Minangkabau yang hidup di nagari- seperti di kota Padang, Padang nagari, mereka tidak mengenal tari Panjang, Bukittinggi, Payukumbuh Payung sebagai tari Minangkabau. dan lain sebagainya. Tari Payung Berpijak dari uraian di atas, hidup dan berkembang baik, sehingga dipandang perlu adanya penelitian memunculkan tari Payung dalam tentang eksistensi tari Payung pada berbagai bentuk dan variasi. masyarakat Minangkabau di Sumatera Pada perkembangan berikutnya Barat. Tanpa melakukan pengkajian pertengahan abad ke 20 koreografer dan penelitian terhadap eksistensi tari Syofiany Yusaf melakukan Payung sebagai tari Melayu pengembangan tari Payung yang Minangkabau, maka pertumbuhan dan 182 Jurnal Ekspresi Seni, Vol. 17, No. 2, November 2015 perkembangan tari Payung di Melayu secara universal berbeda Sumatera Barat sebagai tarian yang dengan seni pertunjukan di lingkungan pernah memberi pengayaan dan wilayah Minangkabau terutama di kespesifikan tari Minangkabau belum daerah darek atau luhak. Menurut bisa terjawab, hal demikian secara Zulkifli bahwa daerah Luhak nan Tigo langsung atau tidak langsung akan di Minangkabau yaitu daerah luhak berpengaruh terhadap persepsi Tanah Datar, luhak Agam dan luhak
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