DOCSLIB.ORG

B. Barendregt the Sound of Longing for Homeredefining a Sense of Community Through Minang Popular Music

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

B. Barendregt The sound of longing for homeRedefining a sense of community through Minang popular music In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 158 (2002), no: 3, Leiden, 411-450 This PDF-file was downloaded from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl Downloaded from Brill.com09/23/2021 02:24:12PM via free access BART BARENDREGT The Sound of 'Longing for Home' Redefining a Sense of Community through Minang Popular Music Why, yes why, sir, am I singing? Oh, because I am longing, Longing for those who went abroad, Oh rabab, yes rabab, please spread the message To the people far away, so they'll come home quickly (From the popular Minangkabau traditional song 'Rabab'.) 1. Introduction: Changing mediascapes and emerging regional metaphors Traditionally each village federation in Minangkabau had its own repertoire of musical genres, tunes, and melodies, in which local historiography and songs of origin blended and the meta-landscape of alam Minangkabau (the Minangkabau universe) was depicted.1 Today, with the ever-increasing disper- sion of Minangkabau migrants all over Southeast Asia, the conception of the Minangkabau world is no longer restricted to the province of West Sumatra. 1 Earlier versions of this article were presented at the 34th Conference of the International Council of Traditional Music, Nitra, Slovakia, August 1996, and the VA/AVMI (Leiden Uni- versity) symposium on Media Cultures in Indonesia, 2-7 April 2001. Its present form owes much to critical comments received from audiences there. I would like to sincerely thank also my colleagues Suryadi, for his suggestions regarding the translations from the Minangkabau, and Robert Wessing, for his critical scrutiny of my English. BART BARENDREGT (1968) is currently a lecturer at the Institute of Social and Cultural Studies of Leiden University. He is working on a PhD dissertation entitled From the Realm of Many Rivers; People, places and spatial practices among two South Sumatran Highland communities, which focuses on the concepts of pilgrimage, ancestral cults and place lore. Specializing in Minangkabau dance and theatre and the sung poetry of the South Sumatran Highlands, he is the author of 'Architecture on the move; Processes of migration and mobility in the South Sumatran High- lands', in: Reimar Schefold, Peter J.M. Nas, and Gaudenz Domenig (eds), Indonesian houses; Tradition and transformation in vernacular architecture, Leiden: KITLV Press, and the maker, togeth- er with Dr. Wim van Zanten, of the documentary Told in heaven to become stories on earth; A study of change in Randal theatre of the Minangkabau in West Sumatra, 2000. Mr. Barendregt can be contacted at the Institute of Social and Cultural studies, Leiden University, PO Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, the Netherlands. Downloaded from Brill.com09/23/2021 02:24:12PM via free access 412 Bart Barendregt The question arises, therefore, what 'homeland' Minangkabau communities in Indonesia's large cities and second- or third-generation Minangkabau migrants in the diaspora now share. In this article I take a closer look at some of the more popular venues in which an overall Minang feeling is evoked and questions of Minang-ness, authenticity and globalization are contemplated. In present-day Indonesia, the question of local identities and their collec- tive representation is omnipresent and seems to be addressed increasingly in the domain of popular culture. For this reason, this domain is explainable largely in terms of the interaction of two simultaneous processes. These are the increasing possibilities presented by new technologies and the many new performing practices implicit in these, and the political transition from the Orde Baru to the post-Suharto era, with its accompanying relaxation of restrictions on the media. In Southeast Asia, technological innovations have led to the launching of prestigious projects like Cyberjaya, the Malaysian equivalent of Silicon Valley, and Nusantara 21, the Indonesian nation-wide electronic network aimed at familiarizing Indonesian citizens with the information superhighway, as well as to Singapore's status as a nation with one of the highest computer densities in the world. New technologies have enabled the use of formats like the laserdisc and video CD (VCD), streaming media, and mp3/DivX2, while new listservers and regional news portals are appearing daily. Although this growing diversity of media is worldwide, the Southeast Asian region is facing challenges (economic, religious and cultural) which are unique to it (see Ang 2001), in particular Indonesia, primarily as a result of recent efforts to achieve more openness (reformasi) and to democra- tize both the national and local media. The complex processes triggered by these developments are evident from, for example, the riots on the Glodok VCD market on 13 May 2000.3 At present, music in Indonesia is increasingly being reproduced in VCD format, so that international hits are now even more easy to pirate. Under international pressure to protect copyrights, the Jakarta police recently took action against peddlers selling pirated record- ings, ironically ignoring the more systematic sale of pirated VCDs and soft- ware in huge shopping malls like Pasar Senin and Mangga Dua. Old frustra- tions were revived and unequal power balances in the record industry cited, as poor peddlers and representatives of record companies alike complained that it was not so much pribumi as citizens of East Asian descent who had the technology to make these illegal products. Another development that is having a significant impact on the far from 2 An illegal version ('crack') of the Mpeg4 format, which is becoming increasingly popular as a medium for the illegal distribution of movies on the Internet. 3 See 'Pasar Terbesar VCD Bajakan' and 'Kerusuhan Mei 1998 Nyaris Terulang', Kompas online, 14 May 2000. Downloaded from Brill.com09/23/2021 02:24:12PM via free access The Sound of Longing for Home' 413 transparent Indonesian record industry is the emergence of numerous e- zines - online record shops making international distribution easier than ever before - and the steady rise in online charts. These developments have introduced new mechanisms in what can be characterized as a 'highly lucra- tive commodity industry' (Wong and Lysloff 1998:101).4 Of special interest, however, is the circumstance that in the wake of these developments, as reformasi sentiments are slowly ebbing away, public discussions are offering possible loci for the construction of alternative realities and, more especially, tend to shed light on the debate about nationhood versus regional identities.5 While for the past three decades the social sciences have focused on issues like ethnicity, nationalism and invented versus authentic traditions, relatively little is known as yet about the actual processes by which newly emerging communal identities develop (Levine 1999:169). As was pointed out above, the uncertainties of a nation in transition are emphasized as the means of communication are changing with considerable speed. These uncertainties then become manifest through contradictory representations and the ways in which alternatives are discussed. 'In the minds of individual agents they become the instruments of change' (Goody 1997:238). One of the most obvi- ous tendencies seems to be for the notion of an Indonesian nation and its glorified struggle for independence to slowly become de-Indonesianized. Especially the more popular media are increasingly producing new, primarily regional, metaphors that often work at a highly conceptual level. Emotional attachment to the nation, articulated in such metaphors as tanah airku and ibu pertiwi6, and the idea of an Indonesian bangsa (identity) are coining under considerable pressure and often being replaced by regional equivalents that serve to define new communities or demarcate old ones anew. Centre-periphery tensions and the regional metaphors to which they give 4 According to recent data supplied by the Asosiasi Industri Rekaman Indonesia (Asiri, the Indonesian Association of Sound-Recording Industries), the Indonesian record business is flour- ishing again, with cassette sales rising from 2.3 million a month in 2000 to 2.8 million a month in 2001. Sales of Indonesian pop music cassettes are far higher than those of foreign music, which seems to be generally more popular on CD. Also in the year 2001, the Indonesian record industry is estimated to have lost about 5 trillion rupiah due to pirating, mostly of cassettes (200 million copies), but also of VCDs (120 million copies). An estimated fifty thousand pirated copies of for- eign albums were sold in that year ('Musik Indonesia Bergairah, Pembajak Tetap Mejarela', Media Indonesia online, 23 December 2001). With these figures, Indonesia is on the 'priority watch list' of the Unite States Trade Representative (USTR) and thus is facing serious economic sanctions (Media Indonesia online, 20 November 2001). For more recent information and articles, see the Indonesian-language forum on piracy at URL http: / / www.stopiracy.com. 5 For an overview of nationalist and patriotic student songs, especially the protest song genre that was soon popularly labelled lagu reformasi, which commented directly on this transitional stage in Indonesian politics, see Van Dijk 1999. 6 Tanah air (literally 'land and water') is best translated as 'motherland', a notion that is also reflected in the phrase ibu pertiwi, which denotes motherhood (ibu) as well as earth (pertiwi). Downloaded from Brill.com09/23/2021
Recommended publications
  • A Moving History of Middle Sumatra, 1600&#8211

    A Moving History of Middle Sumatra, 1600–

    VU Research Portal A moving history of middle Sumatra, 1600-1870 Colombijn, F. published in Modern Asian Studies 2005 DOI (link to publisher) 10.1017/S0026749X04001374 document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication in VU Research Portal citation for published version (APA) Colombijn, F. (2005). A moving history of middle Sumatra, 1600-1870. Modern Asian Studies, 39(1), 1-38. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0026749X04001374 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. E-mail address: [email protected] Download date: 23. Sep. 2021 Modern Asian Studies 39, 1 (2005) pp. 1–38. C 2005 Cambridge University Press DOI: 10.1017/S0026749X04001374 Printed in the United Kingdom A Moving History of Middle Sumatra, 1600–18701 FREEK COLOMBIJN Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies (KITLV), Leiden Introduction The history of the early modern Malay world has been told largely in terms of processes of Islamization, the rise and demise of states, European voyages of discovery, trade with China, India and Europe, and colonial conquest.
  • Apresiasi Masyarakat Terhadap Kesenian Burok Grup Pandawa Nada Di Desa Kemurang Wetan Kabupaten Brebes

    Apresiasi Masyarakat Terhadap Kesenian Burok Grup Pandawa Nada Di Desa Kemurang Wetan Kabupaten Brebes

    APRESIASI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KESENIAN BUROK GRUP PANDAWA NADA DI DESA KEMURANG WETAN KABUPATEN BREBES SKRIPSI disajikan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Pendidikan Program Studi Pendidikan Seni Musik oleh M. Ricky Juliardi 2503407015 JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN SENI DRAMA, TARI, DAN MUSIK FAKULTAS BAHASA DAN SENI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SEMARANG 2013 ii iii MOTTO DAN PERSEMBAHAN Motto: Ikutilah apa yang diwahyukan kepadamu dan bersabarlah (Q.S Yunus: 109) Persembahan: Kupersembahkan skripsi ini untuk orang-orang terkasih yang telah memberi warna dan makna dalam alur kehidupan yang telah terlalui dan yang akan dilalui: Ayahku yang tercinta Joko Irianto, Ibuku yang tersayang Lily Mulyati dan adikku Laras Nur Maulida yang cinta dan kasihnya tak pernah terbatas. Rekan-rekan Mahasiswa Pendidikan Seni Musik Angkatan Tahun 2007. Segenap Dosen Sendratasik Abdul Muklis, Lingling, dan teman-teman kos Tumpuk yang telah membantu dan memberikan inspirasi kepadaku. iv KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT yang selalu melimpahkan rahmat dan hidayah-Nya. Hanya dengan anugerah dan karunia-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi yang berjudul “Apresiasi Masyarakat Terhadap Kesenian Burok Grup Pandawa Nada Di Desa Kemurang Wetan Kabupaten Brebes”. Pada kesempatan ini penulis ingin mengucapkan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya atas segala bantuan dan ilmu yang telah diberikan kepada penulis baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dalam rangka penyusunan skripsi ini, terutama kepada : 1. Bapak Prof. Dr. Fathur Rokhman, M.Hum., Rektor Universitas Negeri Semarang yang telah memberi kesempatan untuk menyelesaikan studi di Pendidikan Sendratasik FBS Universitas Negeri Semarang. 2. Bapak Prof. Dr. Agus Nuryatin, M.Hum., Dekan Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni yang telah memberikan ijin untuk melaksanakan penelitian.
  • Phd Thesis Tamara Aberle

    Phd Thesis Tamara Aberle

    Socially-engaged theatre performances in contemporary Indonesia Tamara Alexandra Aberle Royal Holloway, University of London PhD Thesis 1 Declaration of Authorship I, Tamara Alexandra Aberle, hereby declare that this thesis and the work presented in it is entirely my own. Where I have consulted the work of others, this is always clearly stated. Signed: ______________________ Date: ________________________ 2 Abstract This thesis argues that performances of contemporary theatre in Indonesia are socially- engaged, actively creating, defining and challenging the socio-political environment, and that theatre practitioners are important members of a vibrant civil society who contribute and feel actively committed to democratic processes. Following an initial chapter about the history of modern theatre from the late 19th century until the fall of President Suharto in 1998, the four core chapters centre on four different aspects of contemporary Indonesian socio-politics: historical memory and trauma, violence and human rights, environmentalism, and social transition. Each of these chapters is preceded by an introduction about the wider historical and socio-political context of its respective discourse and is followed by an analysis of selected plays. Chapter 2 focuses on historical trauma and memory, and relates the work of two theatre artists, Papermoon Puppet Theatre and Agus Nur Amal (a.k.a. PM Toh), to processes seeking truth and reconciliation in Indonesia in the post-Suharto era. Chapter 3, on violence and human rights, discusses the works of Ratna Sarumpaet and B. Verry Handayani, with a specific focus on human trafficking, sexual exploitation, and labour migration. Chapter 4 discusses environmentalism on the contemporary stage. It investigates the nature of environmental art festivals in Indonesia, taking Teater Payung Hitam’s 2008 International Water Festival as an example.
  • First of All, I of Living Next to My Cyberjaya Campus at After

    First of All, I of Living Next to My Cyberjaya Campus at After

    ANNUAL 20 12REPORT First of all, I DREAM of living next to my Cyberjaya Campus at After graduation, I look forward to working & living in the booming Iskandar area When I get married, I will be living close to my parents at Of course, I would want to bring up my children in an eco-paradise Finally, I plan to spend my golden years in a tranquil & luxurious setting Iskandar Malaysia Iconic residential towers Elevating luxury with high-rise residential towers that are both TM Southbay Plaza, Batu Maung M-city, Jalan Ampang M-Suites , Jalan Ampang architecturally impressive and One Lagenda, Cheras Icon Residence, Mont’ Kiara www.southbay.com.my 03-2162 8282 www.m-suites.com.my thoughtfully equipped with www.onelagenda.com.my www.icon-residence.com.my www.m-city.com.my lifestyle amenities. N 3º 9’23.37” E 101º 4’19.28” Johor Austine Suites, Tebrau Mah Sing i-Parc, Tanjung Pelapas The Meridin@Medini 07-355 4888 07-527 3133 1800-88-6788 / 07-355 4888 Lagenda@Southbay, Batu Maung Bayan Lepas Kuala Lumpur www.austinesuites.com.my www.mahsing.com.my www.mahsing.com.my 04-628 8188 N 1º 32’54” E 103º 45’5” N 1º 33.838’ E 103º 35.869’ N 1º 32’54” E 103º 47’5” www.southbay.com.my N 5º 17’7” E 100º 17’18” Johor Bahru Selangor Ferringhi Residence, Batu Ferringhi 04-628 8188 www.ferringhi-residence.com.my Dynamic integrated developments N 5º 17’7” E 100º 17’18” Combining commercial, residential and retail components within a Batu Ferringhi Cyberjaya development to provide discerning investors and residents alike with all of the lifestyle offerings of a modern venue.
  • The Values of Minangkabau Culture's Found in The

    The Values of Minangkabau Culture's Found in The

    THE VALUES OF MINANGKABAU CULTURE’S FOUND IN THE MALIN KUNDANG A PAPER BY NURHAYATI REG. NO. 102202002 DIPLOMA-III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDY UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2013 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Approved by Supervisor, Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed.TESOL. NIP: 195703081984031004 Submitted to Faculty of Culture Study University of Sumatera Utara In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Diploma-III in English Study Program Approved by Head of Diploma III English Study Program, Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. NIP. 19521126198112 1 001 Approved by the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Culture Study, University of Sumatera Utara As a Paper for the Diploma (D-III) Examination UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Accepted by the Board of Examiner in partial of the requirements for the D-III Examination of the Diploma-DIII of English Study Program, Faculty of Culture Study, University of Sumatera Utara. The Examination is held on June 2013 Faculty of Culture Study University of Sumatera Utara Dean, Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A. NIP. 19511013197603 1 001 Board of Examiners Signature 1. Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. (Head of ESP) 2. Dra. Syahyar Hanum, DPFE (Supervisor) 3. Drs. Marzaini Manday, M.SPD. (Reader) UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AUTHOR'S DECLARATION I, NURHAYATI declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except where the reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.
  • “Saweran Sebagai Bentuk Interaksi Simbolik Antara

    “Saweran Sebagai Bentuk Interaksi Simbolik Antara

    “SAWERAN SEBAGAI BENTUK INTERAKSI SIMBOLIK ANTARA PEMAIN DAN PENONTON DALAM TARI REOG GONDORIYO PADA KESENIAN BARONGAN SINGO LODRO DI DESA TODANAN KECAMATAN TODANAN KABUPATEN BLORA” SKRIPSI untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Pendidikan (S1) Oleh: Nama : Selvi Widya A NIM : 2501412154 Program Studi : Pendidikan Seni Tari Jurusan : Pendidikan Seni Drama Tari dan Musik JURUSAN SENI DRAMA TARI DAN MUSIK (PENDIDIKAN TARI) FAKULTAS BAHASA DAN SENI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SEMARANG 2017 i PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING Skripsi dengan judul “Saweran Sebagai Bentuk Interaksi Simbolik Antara Pemain Dan Penonton Dalam Tari Reog Gondoriyo Pada Kesenian Barongan Singo Lodro Di Desa Todanan Kecamatan Todanan Kabupaten Blora” telah disetujui oleh pembimbing untuk diajukan ke Sidang Panitia Ujian Kripsi Semarang, 11 Agustus 2017 Pembimbing I Pembimbing II Drs. Bintang Hanggoro P. M. Hum.. Restu Lanjari, S.Pd, M.Pd. NIP. 196002081987021001 NIP. 196112171986012001 ii PENGESAHAN KELULUSAN Skripsi ini telah dipertahankan di hadapan sidang Panitia Ujian Skripsi Jurusan Seni Drama, Tari dan Musik, Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni, Universitas Negeri Semarang pada hari : Jumat tanggal : 11 Agustus 2017 Panitia Ujian Skripsi Prof. Dr. Agus Nuryatin, M. Hum. (196008031989011001) Ketua Abdul Rachman, S.Pd.M.Pd (198001202006041002) Sekertaris Dra. Eny Kusumastuti, M.Pd (196804101993032001) Penguji I Restu Lanjari, S.Pd, M.Pd (196112171986012001) Penguji II/Pembimbing II Drs. Bintang Hanggoro P, M. Hum. (196002081987021001) Penguji III/Pembimbing I Prof. Dr. Agus Nuryatin, M. Hum. (196008031989011001) Dekan Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni iii PERNYATAAN Saya menyatakan bahwa yang tertulis di dalam skripsi yang berjudul “Saweran Sebagai Bentuk Interaksi Simbolik Antara Pemain Dan Penonton Dalam Tari Reog Gondoriyo Pada Kesenian Barongan Singo Lodro Di Desa Todanan Kecamatan Todanan Kabupaten Blora” adalah benar-benar hasil karya saya sendiri, bukan dari karya orang lain, baik sebagian atau seluruhnya.
  • Chapter 6 Landuse Masterplan Study

    Chapter 6 Landuse Masterplan Study

    CHAPTER 6 LANDUSE MASTERPLAN STUDY 6.0 LAND-USE MASTERPLAN STUDY 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6.1.1 The Putrajaya Lake system is a man-made system. For it to perform as envisaged there is a need to develop an integrated land-use masterplan for the catchment, based on an adequate understanding of the natural system supporting it. 6.1.2 To develop the masterplan there is a need to review the existing land-use policies and land-use situation in the catchment. Based on the review and the land-use controls, recommended by the various specialists in the study team to ensure the success and sustainability of the Lake, an integrated land-use masterplan can then be develop to guide the future development in the catchment. 6.2 REVIEW OF LAND-USE POLICIES AND GUIDELINES 6.2.1 The Structure Plans 6.2.1.1 The current land-use policy in the catchment is governed by two district Structure Plans. They are: • The Structure Plan for Putrajaya and part of Sepang District • The Structure Plan for Petaling District and part of Klang District 6.2.1.2 The Structure Plan for Putrajaya and part of Sepang District has defined a set of policies for the planning and development of Putrajaya. The policies governing the planning and management of the area in the Putrajaya Lake Catchment are supposed to create a city possessing the following characteristics: • an “intelligent City” • a “City-in-a-Garden” • a city that meets the administrative needs of the federal government • a city with a carefully monitored physical and ambient environment • a city with a high quality living environment • a city that gives priority to public transport 6-1 Doc Ref: T9903/DOC/013 6.2.1.3 The Structure Plan also supported preservation of the existing development surrounding Putrajaya.
  • The Cultural Traffic of Classic Indonesian Exploitation Cinema

    The Cultural Traffic of Classic Indonesian Exploitation Cinema

    The Cultural Traffic of Classic Indonesian Exploitation Cinema Ekky Imanjaya Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of East Anglia School of Art, Media and American Studies December 2016 © This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that use of any information derived there from must be in accordance with current UK Copyright Law. In addition, any quotation or extract must include full attribution. 1 Abstract Classic Indonesian exploitation films (originally produced, distributed, and exhibited in the New Order’s Indonesia from 1979 to 1995) are commonly negligible in both national and transnational cinema contexts, in the discourses of film criticism, journalism, and studies. Nonetheless, in the 2000s, there has been a global interest in re-circulating and consuming this kind of films. The films are internationally considered as “cult movies” and celebrated by global fans. This thesis will focus on the cultural traffic of the films, from late 1970s to early 2010s, from Indonesia to other countries. By analyzing the global flows of the films I will argue that despite the marginal status of the films, classic Indonesian exploitation films become the center of a taste battle among a variety of interest groups and agencies. The process will include challenging the official history of Indonesian cinema by investigating the framework of cultural traffic as well as politics of taste, and highlighting the significance of exploitation and B-films, paving the way into some findings that recommend accommodating the movies in serious discourses on cinema, nationally and globally.
  • 1 Orang Asli and Melayu Relations

    1 Orang Asli and Melayu Relations

    1 Orang Asli and Melayu Relations: A Cross-Border Perspective (paper presented to the Second International Symposium of Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia, Padang, July 18-21, 2001) By Leonard Y. Andaya In present-day Malaysia the dominant ethnicity is the Melayu (Malay), followed numerically by the Chinese and the Indians. A very small percentage comprises a group of separate ethnicities that have been clustered together by a Malaysian government statute of 1960 under the generalized name of Orang Asli (the Original People). Among the “Orang Asli” themselves, however, they apply names usually associated with their specific area or by the generalized name meaning “human being”. In the literature the Orang Asli are divided into three groups: The Semang or Negrito, the Senoi, and the Orang Asli Melayu.1 Among the “Orang Asli”, however, the major distinction is between themselves and the outside world, and they would very likely second the sentiments of the Orang Asli and Orang Laut (Sea People) in Johor who regard themselves as “leaves of the same tree”.2 Today the Semang live in the coastal foothills and inland river valleys of Perak, interior Pahang, and Ulu (upriver) Kelantan, and rarely occupy lands above 1000 meters in elevation. But in the early twentieth century, Schebesta commented that the areas regarded as Negrito country included lands from Chaiya and Ulu Patani (Singora and Patthalung) to Kedah and to mid-Perak and northern Pahang.3 Most now live on the fringes rather than in the deep jungle itself, and maintain links with Malay farmers and Chinese shopkeepers. In the past they appear to have also frequented the coasts.
  • Bali: So Many Faces--Short Stories and Other Literary Excerpts in Indonesian. INSTITUTION Western Sydney Univ., Macarthur (Australia)

    Bali: So Many Faces--Short Stories and Other Literary Excerpts in Indonesian. INSTITUTION Western Sydney Univ., Macarthur (Australia)

    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 411 529 CS 215 987 AUTHOR Cork, Vern, Comp. TITLE Bali: So Many Faces--Short Stories and Other Literary Excerpts in Indonesian. INSTITUTION Western Sydney Univ., Macarthur (Australia). Language Acquisition Research Centre.; Australian National Languages and Literacy Inst., Deakin. ISBN ISBN-1-87560-40-7 PUB DATE 1996-00-00 NOTE 200p. PUB TYPE Collected Works General (020) Creative Works (030) LANGUAGE English, Indonesian EDRS PRICE MF01/PC08 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Anthologies; *Audience Awareness; Cultural Background; *Cultural Context; Foreign Countries; *Indonesian; Literary Devices; Non Western Civilization; *Short Stories; *Social Change; Tourism IDENTIFIERS *Bali; *Balinese Literature; Indonesia ABSTRACT This collection of 25 short stories (in Indonesian) by Balinese writers aims to give Bali's writers a wider public. Some of the stories in the collection are distinctly and uniquely Balinese, while others are more universal in their approach and are self-contained. But according to the collection's foreword, in all of the stories, experiences of Bali are presented from the inside, from the other side of the hotels, tour buses, and restaurants of "tourist" Bali. The writers presented come from a range of backgrounds, reflecting the diversity cf Balinese society--different castes, differences between urban and rural baa4xiouncl.s, .and varieties of ethnicity are all important to the multiplicity of voices found in the collection. In addition, the collection draws from backgrounds of journalism, theater, cartoons, poetry, and academia, and from writers who may have been born in other parts of Indonesia but who have lived for decades in Bali and reflect Bali's inseparability from the Indonesian nation.
  • On Routes of Smart Bus in Kajang, Selangor

    On Routes of Smart Bus in Kajang, Selangor

    PLANNING MALAYSIA: Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners VOLUME 18 ISSUE 3 (2020), Page 241 – 250 EVALUATION OF LEVEL OF SERVICE (LOS) ON ROUTES OF SMART BUS IN KAJANG, SELANGOR Nur Shazreena Mat Shukri1, Zakiah Ponrahono2, Yakin Nur Sunoto3, & Wan Noratikah Wahidah Wan Ghazali4 1,2,3,4 Department of Environment Faculty of Forestry and Environment UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA Abstract Level of service (LOS) is a method used for the development of transportation infrastructure designations based on a specific analysis. The concept of LOS lies on the importance of an assessment of roadway operational performance services for the improvement of bus service delivery. A high performance of bus service delivery could relatively influence the satisfaction level of its users. This study assesses the LOS of three main designated routes of SMART buses in Kajang Selangor (KJ01, KJ02, and KJ03). The SMART buses are free buses provided under a free transit programme which aims to encourage people to use public transportation. An on-board survey and inventory observation were employed to collect the data. Findings indicate that KJ01, KJ02, and KJ03 fall under the category of LOS D considering the attributes of service frequency, service hours, passenger load/thresholds, and speed of bus. The discovery may serve as a useful guidance for the development of a comprehensive plan for LOS to be coordinated in improving the service quality of bus transportation. Keywords: Level of service (LOS), public transport, free bus 1 Student at Universiti Putra Malaysia. Email: [email protected] Nur Shazreena Mat Shukri, Zakiah Ponrahono, Yakin Nur Sunoto & Wan Noratikah Wahidah Wan Ghazali Evaluation of Level of Service (LOS) on Routes of SMART Bus in Kajang, Selangor INTRODUCTION The concept of free-fare public transportation known as SMART buses was introduced in Kajang by the local authorities in 2016.
  • Mapping the History of Malaysian Theatre: an Interview with Ghulam-Sarwar Yousof

    Mapping the History of Malaysian Theatre: an Interview with Ghulam-Sarwar Yousof

    ASIATIC, VOLUME 4, NUMBER 2, DECEMBER 2010 Mapping the History of Malaysian Theatre: An Interview with Ghulam-Sarwar Yousof Madiha Ramlan & M.A. Quayum1 International Islamic University Malaysia It seems that a rich variety of traditional theatre forms existed and perhaps continues to exist in Malaysia. Could you provide some elucidation on this? If you are looking for any kind of history or tradition of theatre in Malaysia you won’t get it, because of its relative antiquity and the lack of records. Indirect sources such as hikayat literature fail to mention anything. Hikayat Raja-Raja Pasai mentions Javanese wayang kulit, and Hikayat Patani mentions various music and dance forms, most of which cannot be precisely identified, but there is no mention of theatre. The reason is clear enough. The hikayat generally focuses on events in royal court, while most traditional theatre developed as folk art, with what is known as popular theatre coming in at the end of the 19th century. There has never been any court tradition of theatre in the Malay sultanates. In approaching traditional theatre, my own way has been to first look at the proto- theatre or elementary forms before going on to the more advanced ones. This is a scheme I worked out for traditional Southeast Asian theatre. Could you elaborate on this? Almost all theatre activity in Southeast Asia fits into four categories as follows: Proto-Theatre, Puppet Theatre, Dance Theatre and Opera. In the case of the Philippines, one could identify a separate category for Christian theatre forms. Such forms don’t exist in the rest of the region.