Isaiah Is Called
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
The Book of Isaiah Introduction: Isaiah is called "The Book of Salvation." The name Isaiah means "Yahweh is salvation" or “Yahweh is the source of salvation.” Isaiah, who is called the Prince of Prophets, shines above all the other writers and prophets of Scripture. His mastery of the language, his rich and vast vocabulary, and his poetic skill have earned him the title, "Shakespeare of the Bible." He was educated, distinguished, and privileged, yet remained a deeply spiritual man. He was committed to obedience over the long haul of his 55-60 year ministry as a prophet of God. He was a true patriot who loved his country and his people. Strong tradition suggests that he died a martyr’s death under the reign of King Manasseh by being placed within the hollow of a tree trunk and sawed in two. He was a contemporary of Amos, Hosea and Micah. As might be expected, salvation is the overarching theme in the book of Isaiah. Other themes include judgment, holiness, punishment, captivity, the fall of the nation, comfort, hope and salvation through the coming Messiah. The first 39 books of Isaiah contain very strong messages of judgment against Judah and a call to repentance and holiness. The people exhibited an outward form of godliness, but their hearts had become corrupted. God warned them through Isaiah, to come clean and purify themselves, but they ignored his message. Isaiah predicted the demise and captivity of Judah, yet comforted them with this hope: God has promised to provide a Redeemer. The last 27 chapters contain God's message of forgiveness, consolation and hope, as God speaks through Isaiah, revealing his plan of blessing and salvation through the coming Messiah. Isaiah's calling as a prophet was primarily to the nation of Judah (the southern kingdom) and to Jerusalem, urging the people to repent from their sins and return to God. He also foretold the coming of the Messiah and the salvation of the Lord. Many of his prophesies predicted events that occurred in Isaiah's near future, yet at the same time they foretold the events of the distant future (such as the coming of the Messiah), and even some events still to come in the last days (such as the second coming of Christ). Isaiah was witness to one of the most turbulent periods in Jerusalem's history, from both the political and the religious standpoint. He was the son of Amoz, who according to tradition was a brother of King Amaziah. His status enabled him to take an active part in events, and in some cases to guide them. His relations with the senior members of the royal house, as described in the Bible, and the fact that he had free access to the palace, together with the complex linguistic style of his prophecies, suggest that he belonged to the Jerusalem aristocracy. This, though, did not prevent him from being an outspoken mouthpiece of the common people, who were being victimized by the rampant corruption of the ruling class. He involved himself in the politics of the day so that God’s Word came to bear on the actions of the leaders seeking to move and shape the times. Isaiah was married and had children, two of which are named in the book; Shear-jashub (meaning “a remnant shall return”…see the promise of 6:13) and Maher-shalal-hash-baz (meaning “the spoil speeds, the prey hastens” see Isaiah 8:4 for an explanation of this name.) In summary, the message of Isaiah is that salvation comes from God—not man. God alone is Savior, Ruler and King. This is why many have called this book the 5th Gospel. 1 Bible Study The Book of Isaiah September 12, 2012 A. Prayer B. Introduction 1. Many have called the book of Isaiah the 5th Gospel. It has historically been classified as THE book of salvation since Isaiah means “Yahweh is salvation” or perhaps better “Yahweh is the source of salvation.” The messianic concepts captured in this book are seen from the beginning and run through to the end. The house of David, Judah, Yahweh’s messianic agent, and the people it ruled were to look to their Lord…and to Him alone…to supply all their needs. He was their security and keeper and He would supply the leader who would be their Redeemer and Peace. It has often been said that Isaiah is hard to follow and understand and this is true for the most part. However, with a working knowledge of the rest of Scripture, specifically the books that come before Isaiah and the New Testament understanding the prophet becomes easier. I am not saying easy…but easier. Context is everything. 2. Isaiah was the son of Amoz, who according to tradition was a brother of King Amaziah (approx. 795-770 BC). Isaiah was probably born during this reign and he received his call as a prophet the last year of King Uzziah’s life (Amaziah’s son). His status enabled him to take an active part in events, and in some cases to guide them. Isaiah was married and had children, two of which are named in the book; Shear-jashub (meaning “a remnant shall return”…see the promise of 6:13) and Maher-shalal-hash-baz (meaning “the spoil speeds, the prey hastens” see Isaiah 8:4 for an explanation of this name.) Strong tradition suggests that he died a martyrs death under the reign of King Manasseh by being placed within the hollow of a tree trunk and sawed in two. (see Hebrews 11:37)So he prophesied during the reigns of 5 kings of Judah. Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah, and Manasseh. Either his prophesying or the fact that he was a member of a rival royal family is what ended his life…probably the latter for it was customary to annihilate the former family when a "coup d’état" transpired. He was a contemporary of Amos, Hosea and Micah. He also has a special designation for the Lord that H he uses over 276 times, namely… “the Holy One of Israel”! And the designation holy plays a prominent role in this book contrasting God’s holiness with our fallenness. C. Isaiah 1 1. Who was Judah in the grand scheme of redemptive history? Judah is the house of David from which the Messiah would come. They represent the covenant people. The elect within the chosen, if you will. 2. Verse one covers the introduction for the entire book. Just so we are clear the word “vision” (hazon in the Hebrew- a derivative of hazah means “to see” and often means “to see by revelation”) does not refer to any inward sight from the prophet himself, but rather it means here, as it does in other parts of the OT, the “sight” that God placed in Isaiah’s mind or what God had revealed to him to pass on to others. (See I Peter 1:10-12) 3. What is God doing in verse 2? 2 a. Yahweh, as the Supreme Ruler, Judge and King has called them forth for this purpose…interesting when you think about it, isn’t it, that God would call all of creation to testify against us… His children. How does God still do this? Because of the sinfulness of the Church we have drought and famine in places, we have the original definitions of things like life and death and marriage being redefined. The sun’s rays are literally too much for many of us…because of sin we return to the ground from whence we came. b. He is bringing all creation to bear as witnesses against Judah for their sin…these are witnesses that would have NO emotional tie to the peoples; they would be completely objective, if you will. As Calvin said, “When insensate objects are commanded to witness a condemnation of sensible creatures, the guilt of the latter must truly be great.” 4. What is meant by the word “children/sons” in verse 2? a. That God is also creator of His people; b. That God has a covenantal relationship with His people…He is our Father (the people of the OT were aware of this concept of God’s character just as much as the people of the NT…not a new concept…our Father by creation and by adoption Ezek.16: 4-11; Hosea 9:10) …the ones He reared and brought up; c. That God uses an affectionate/intimate term for His people to communicate His covenantal love; d. It expresses the grace of God manifested to its highest point…being made sons of God. 5. With this picture in mind then, how damning is the last part of verse 2 through verse 4? Why? a. Because of the grace God has willingly shown to His elect peoples the nation’s rebellion appears even more striking and more hateful. How base is the sin of ingratitude? This is the basic nature of the fallen side of things. b. In verse 4, Isaiah identifies these people as “a sinful nation” (or, “a sinning nation.”) “Sinning” is the adjective that most accurately describes these people: they are devoted to the practice of their sins; they love their sins more than they love their God. Furthermore, he describes them as “an offspring who are evil doers.” Note: the text literally reads, “an offspring of evildoers”—but this does not mean that they are the children of evildoers; on the contrary, they are the children of godly forefathers.