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Heteroptera, Nepomorpha) from Brazil 523-534 © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; Download Unter ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Denisia Jahr/Year: 2006 Band/Volume: 0019 Autor(en)/Author(s): Nieser Nico, Chen Ping Ping Artikel/Article: Two new genera and a new subfamily of Micronectidae (Heteroptera, Nepomorpha) from Brazil 523-534 © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Two new genera and a new subfamily of Micronectidae (Heteroptera, Nepomorpha) from Brazil1 N. NIESER & P.-P. CHEN Abstract: The new genus Synaptogobia with two new species, S. xenocheir nov.sp. (type species of genus) and S. heissi nov.sp., is described and placed in the new subfamily Synaptogobiinae. In addition, the monotypic genus Monogobia with the type species M. elongata nov.sp. is described and placed in the Mi- cronectinae. All new taxa were collected in Brazil: Amazonas and Pará. A checklist and a key to sub- families and genera of Micronectidae are provided. Key words: Brazil, checklist, key to genera, Micronectidae, new genera, new subfamily, new species. Introduction status of a number of African species is doubtful. In the America’s the Micronecti- The Micronectidae were first considered dae were until recently represented only by as a separate taxon by FIEBER (1851) as the the genus Tenagobia BERGROTH with 27 “turma” Sigarae (based on Sigara LEACH species, which is essentially restricted to 1817 nec FABRICIUS 1775). All the “turmae” South America with only two species reach- of FIEBER (1851) are now separate families. ing into Central America (BERGROTH 1899; DOUGLAS & SCOTT (1865) were the first to DEAY 1935; NIESER 1977). Recently the give them official family status as Sigaridae Asian micronectid Synaptonecta issa (DIS- (Sˇ TYS & JANSSON 1988). Subsequent au- TANT) has been introduced in Florida and thors did not recognize the family or sub- apparently established a reproducing popu- family status of Micronectinae, e.g., PUTON lation there (POLHEMUS & RUTTER 1997). (1880), OSHANIN (1912). JACZEWSKI (1924) In addition this species has turned up in an introduced the modern name Micronecti- aquarium in New Zealand (JANSSON & nae as a subfamily of Corixidae, and until MEYER-ROCHOW 1990). Probably the eggs of recently this status was used by nearly every this species adhere to aquatic plants, which author. Some years ago the late Dr. Antti are traded for use in aquaria. The closely re- Jansson discussed with the first author (in lated family Corixidae is represented by litt.) that the taxon should be raised to fam- three subfamilies in the America’s. Two of ily level, and he was going to work on it. those are represented by a single genus: the However, due to his illness and untimely monotypic subfamily Heterocorixinae death he never finished this project. Re- HUNGERFORD, its genus Heterocorixa WHITE cently NIESER (2002) raised the taxon to is endemic in South America, and the Cy- family status: Micronectidae. matiainae HUNGERFORD, with one genus Worldwide there are over 150 described and one species, Cymatia americana HUSSEY species in the family Micronectidae, of restricted to North America (WHITE 1879; which over 100 belong to the genus Mi- HUSSEY 1920; HUNGERFORD 1948). The cronecta which is distributed throughout the subfamily Corixinae ENDERLEIN has 22 gen- Eastern Hemisphere (with the exception of era and many species distributed throughout New Zealand, WISE 1965). However, the the America’s but is poorly represented in Denisia 19, zugleich Kataloge 1 With great pleasure we dedicate this publication to our friend and fellow heteropterist Dr. Ernst Heiss, on occasion der OÖ. Landesmuseen of his 70th birthday. Neue Serie 50 (2006), 523–534 523 © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at the tropical lowlands (HUNGERFORD 1948; and omnivorous species, and in one case, NIESER & PADILLA 1992). Sigara falleni (FIEBER 1848), the males feed Corixoidea are inhabitants of shallow, virtually exclusively on algae whereas the stagnant or nearly stagnant waters. In tem- females are mostly omnivorous. perate areas they occur mostly in ponds and lakes. In the tropics they are often found in Material and Methods streams but nearly always in potholes or marginal areas with little or no current. The The new taxa described below are based majority of species spend most of their time on material which was obtained by the first near the bottom of the habitat, coming on- author as a loan of Tenagobia species from ly to the surface for gas exchange. The fore the late Dr. H.H. Weber at the time he was tarsus is usually spoon shaped and is called a taking care of the water bugs collected dur- pala. Species staying near the bottom scoop ing investigations sponsored by the “Institu- up food from the bottom with their palae. to Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia” at Many species feed on small organic particles Manaos and Brazil and the “Max-Planck-In- combined with sucking fluids from larger stitut für Limnologie, Abt. Tropenökologie” food items. The actual food of Heterocorix- at Plön (Germany). Part of the material inae and Micronectidae is unknown. How- consisted indeed of specimens of Tenagobia ever, there are some indications that Mi- and has been studied in NIESER (1977). cronecta quadristrigata BREDDIN, a very com- However, one box contained very aberrant mon species in tropical Asia, is carnivorous material, obviously related to the Micronec- feeding on mosquito larvae (NAM et al. tidae but distinctly different from Tenagobia. 2000). Cymatiainae are carnivorous The Amazonas material from the above- (HUSSEY 1921; POPHAM et al. 1984). There mentioned investigations is now deposited is some controversy about feeding habits in in the ZSMC, where the material studied in Corixinae. HUNGERFORD (1920) states that this paper will be deposited as well, unless “Corixids are largely herbivorous”, but oth- indicated otherwise. er authors (e.g. JANSSON 1986) consider them to be mainly carnivorous. A thorough All measurements are in millimeters and – analysis of various British species by are presented as the mean (x) of five speci- POPHAM et al. (1984) showed that various mens of each sex. For some measurements Table 1: Length of leg segments of Micronectidae in millimeters. In the fore species have different feeding habits. They the standard deviation (s.) and the measure- leg, tibia represents the tibiotarsus. found carnivorous, detrivorous, herbivorous ment of the holotype between {} is given. The orientation of median, lateral and cau- femur tibia tars 1 tars 2 claw dal in hemelytra refers to the situation with Monogobia elongata nov.sp. = fore leg 0.27 0.26 closed wings. The folding line is the imagi- middle leg 0.84 0.25 0.37 – 0.22 nary line separating the vertex and the ven- hind leg 0.48 0.30 0.38 0.21 0.15 tral part of the head (Fig. 13). Full refer- Monogobia elongata nov.sp. Y fore leg 0.27 0.27 ences and discussion of the status of taxa middle leg 0.78 0.25 0.31 – 0.24 above species level can be found in hind leg 0.48 0.30 0.38 0.21 0.13 Sˇ TYS & JANSSON (1988). Synaptogobia heissi nov.sp. = fore leg 0.18 0.21 middle leg 0.50 0.18 0.28 – 0.12 Depositories (see ARNETT et al. 1993) hind leg 0.39 0.21 0.33 0.19 0.09 NCTN . Nieser collection, Tiel, The Synaptogobia heissi nov.sp. Y fore leg 0.18 0.18 Netherlands. middle leg 0.44 0.16 0.25 – 0.12 RMNH. National Museum of Natural hind leg 0.36 0.19 0.29 0.15 0.08 History Naturalis, Leiden, The Nether- = Synaptogobia xenocheir nov.sp. lands. fore leg 0.28 0.24 middle leg 0.53 0.23 0.26 – 0.11 ZMAN . Department of Entomology, hind leg 0.53 0.32 0.42 0.25 0.13 Zoological Museum of the University of Y Synaptogobia xenocheir nov.sp. Amsterdam, The Netherlands. fore leg 0.28 0.24 middle leg 0.54 0.24 0.28 – 0.13 ZSMC . Zoological State Collection, hind leg 0.51 0.31 0.42 0.25 0.13 München, Germany. 524 © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Fig. 1: Synaptogobia xenocheir nov.sp., holo- Fig. 2: Synaptogobia xenocheir nov.sp., Fig. 3: Synaptagobia heissi nov.sp., holotype, type, male, dorsal view, body length 2.2 mm. paratype, male, ventral view. male, dorsal view, body length 1.6 mm. Systematics na, metasternum with a very long xiphus (Fig. 2). Tibia and tarsus of fore leg fused in Subfamily Synaptogobiinae both sexes to form a tibiotarsus (or nov.subfam. tibiopala). Claw of fore leg large, spine-like, Type genus Synaptogobia nov.gen. not modified in male. Tarsus of middle leg Description. Small to medium sized Mi- one-segmented, longer than tibia with a pair cronectidae, length 1.4-2.2. Head dorsoven- of long claws (Table 1). Claw of hind leg trally depressed, with a distinctly larger part placed apically on second tarsal segment. of the eye dorsally of the folding line (Fig. Abdominal sternites V and VII each with a 13); posterolateral angles behind eyes some- pair of large bristles (Fig. 2). Male abdomen what produced, covering sides of pronotum. asymmetrical, without a strigil, and without Ocelli absent. Antennae fused with the head free lobe on left part of tergite VIII. Right capsule, beset with very fine pilosity but paramere at a magnification of 400x without lacking the longer bristles found in other visible ribs (pars stridens processus) on the genera (Figs 4-9). Anteclypeus laterally pro- basal lobe. Female abdomen symmetrical. So duced into elongate processes, which are far only known in the brachypterous form. separated from the head capsule by a suture; Discussion.
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