General Disclaimer One Or More of the Following Statements May Affect
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
General Disclaimer One or more of the Following Statements may affect this Document This document has been reproduced from the best copy furnished by the organizational source. It is being released in the interest of making available as much information as possible. This document may contain data, which exceeds the sheet parameters. It was furnished in this condition by the organizational source and is the best copy available. This document may contain tone-on-tone or color graphs, charts and/or pictures, which have been reproduced in black and white. This document is paginated as submitted by the original source. Portions of this document are not fully legible due to the historical nature of some of the material. However, it is the best reproduction available from the original submission. Produced by the NASA Center for Aerospace Information (CASI) NASA CONTRACTOR REPORT NASA C R-162027 TRACK TRA IN DYNAM ICS ANALYS I S AND TEST PROGRAM - LOCOMOTIVE DYNAMIC CHARACTERIZATION SUMMARY By Robert L. Berry Martin Marietta Corporation Denver Aerospace P. 0. Box 179 Denver, CO 80201 Final Report 0 31 G^ April 1982 (NASA-CR-162027) TRACK ' '?IN LYNAMICS N82-28224 ANALYSIS AND TEST PROGRAK: LOCOMOTIVE DYNAMIC CHARACTEuIZATIGN SUMMABY Final Report (Mdrtla MdLi ettd Corp.) d3 P Unclas HC AU5/MF A01 CSCL 13F G3/85 28251 Prepared for NASA-GEORGE C. MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER Marshall Space Flight Center, Alabama 35812 'rECHNICA. REPORT STANDARID TITLE PAGE i, REPORT NO. 2. GOVRNMENT ACCESSION NM S. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NO. NASA CR-162027 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE S. REPORT DATE Track Train Dynamics Analysis and Test Program - April 1982 Locomotive Dynamic Characterization Summary 6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CUDE 7. AUTHOR($) & PERFORMING ORGANIZATI'N REPoif # Robert L. Berry MCR-81-577 9. PERFORMINS ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. WORK UNIT NO. Martin Marietta Corporation Denver Aerospace 11. CONTRArT OR GRANT NO. P. O. Box 179 NAS8-29882 Denver, CO 80201 13. Tw%E OF REPORY & PERIOD COVERED 12, SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS Coutractor Report National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington, DC 20546 14, SPONSORING AGENCY CODE 15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Technical Monitor: Ismail Akbay 18. ABSTRACT This report provides an analysis of locomotive mechanical characteristics, track perturbations, and operational characteristics involving experimentally determined suspension system parameters. Report makes comparative evaluations among locomotive designs, especially suspension bearings, shock absorbers, pads, and two- and three-axle trucks. 17. KEY WORDS 18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT Track, Train, Locomotive Unclassified - Unlimited Ismail Akbay Director, Technology Utilization Office 19. SECURITY CLASSIF. (of tbb repartl 170. SECURITY CLASSIF. (e[ this Page) 21, NO. OF PAGES 22. PRICE Unclassified Unclassified 86 NTIS I Mo pc - pore 1292 (tiy 1969) For sale by Nadooal TwAWCal Information Service. Springfield. Virginia 22161 FOREWORD This report, prepared by Martin Marietta Denver Aerospace, presents a summary of all locomotive truck testing conducted under Contract NAS8-29882. The testing was conducted at Martin Marietta's structures test laboratory from mid-1976 through mid-1980. The contract is administered by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama., under the direction of Mr. Ismail Akbay. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Program Manager would like to acknowledge several individuals and organizations who have contributed to the successful completion of the test- ing phase of this contract. Mr. Ed Lind Southern Pacific Railroad, arranged for many of the truck test articles. Electro-Motive Division Supplied the "New" HT-C and E3 truck test n of General Motors articles. Also contributed information for use in this report. Amtrak Supplied the E60, and modified GPSS truck test articles. Southern Pacific Supplied the "standard" HT-C truck test article. Transportation Company Southern Railroad Supplied the GPSS truck test article. Chesapeake & Ohio Supplied the Flexicoil truck test article. Railroad Burlington Northern Supplied the U30 truck test article. Railroad General Electric Company Contributed information for use in this report. Mr. Don Levine FRA, Office of Rail Safety Research, provided Mr. John Mirabella overall project; direction and guidance in select- ing tricks to be tested and test conditions. Mr. Ismail Akbay NASA, Marshall Space Flight Center, provided contract administration. Dr. George Mor)sow Martin Marietta, was Program Manager during the majority of the contract. Mr. Pete Abbott Martin Marietta, acting as Technical Director and consultant has contributed invaluable tech- nical advice and direction during the testing and data analysis. Mr. Dick Vigil Martin Marietta, was test engineer responsible for acquirin g and formatting the test data. Mr. Al Nemes Martin Marietta, served as test conductors Mr. John Bradford responsible for test setup, instrumentation, Mr. Nord Hjerleid and everyday operations. i i i CONTENTS FOREWORD . ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . CONTENTS . 1.0 INTRODUCTION . 1.1 Background . 1.2 Project Accomplishmer 1.3 Future Prognosis . 2.0 Y EST SUMMARY . 4 2.1 Truck Test Program . 4 2.1.1 Test Approach . 8 2.1.2 Data Acquisition and Interpretation . 16 2.1.3 Truck Test Articles . 20 2.1.4 Results Summary . 33 2.2 Component Test Program . 33 2.?.1 Rubber Suspension Pad Element Test . 33 2.?.2 Hyatt Bearing Lateral Bumper Element Test . 38 2.2.3 Shock Absorber - Friction Snubber Element Test . 38 3.0 APPLICATIONS . 48 4.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS . 53 5.0 REFERENCES . 54 APPENDIX: TRUCK TEST DATA SUMMARY . A-1 LIST OF FIGURES 2-1 General Electric P-30CH Locomotive . .. 5 2-2 Typical Standard Truck: 3-Axle General ElectricU30C . 6 2-3 Typical Swing Hanger Truck: 2-Axle General Motors GPSS . 7 2-4 Suspension Idealization: Primary Suspension - Frame/Wheelset Connection . 10 2-5 Suspension Idealization: Secondary Suspension - Bolster/Frame Connection . 11 2-6 Locomotive Truck Test Fixture . 13 2-7 Martin Marietta Locomotive Truck Test Facility with 2-Axle GPSS Truck Installed . 14 iv CONTENTS (Continued) LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Page 2-8 Bolster Center Plate Loading Detail . 15 2-9 Truck Test Loading Conditions . 17 2-10 Typical Instrumentation Installation . 18 2-11 Typical Truck Test Scenario . 19 2-12 Load-Deflection Characteristics for Linear and Bilinear Springs . .. 21 2-13 Hysterisis Characteristic of Pure Friction . 22 2-14 Hysterisis Characteristics of Combined Stiffness a: and Friction . 23 2-15 Hy:.:erisis Characteristic of Combined Linear Stiffness and Viscous Damping . 24 2-16 EMD E8 Truck . 27 2-..7 EMD F1exicoi1 Truck . 28 2-18 EMD HT-C Truck . 29 2-19 GE U30C Truck . 30 2-20 EMD GPSS Truck . 31 2-21 Inclined Rubber Pad Springs on Modified GPSS Truck 32 2-22 Truck Test Data: Comparison of Vertical Suspension Stiffness . 34 2-23 Truck Test Data: Comparison of Secondary Lateral Suspension Stiffness . 35 2-24 Setup for Rubber Suspension Pad Element Test . 36 2-25 Rubber Pad Stiffness Versus Temperature . 37 2-26 Rubber Pad Damping Versus Temperature . 39 2-27 Rubber Pad Stiffness Versus Frequency . 40 2-28 Rubber Pad Damping Versus Frequency . 41 2-29 Hyatt Bearing Details . 42 2-30 Hyatt Bearing Bumper Components . 43 2-31 Shock Absorber Test Fixture . 44 2-32 Element Test Data: HT-C Hydraulic Shock Absorber . 46 2-33 Element Test Data: U30C Friction Snubber . 47 3-1 Nonlinear Locomotive Simulation, Modeling Approach . 50 3-2 Nonlinear Locomotive Model Degrees of Freedom . 51 3-3 Computed Sensitivity of L/V Ratios to Secondary Lateral Damper Limit Force; SDP40F Locomotive . 52 A-1 Truck and Carbody Geometric Nomenclature . A-2 A-2 EMD E9 Loce.notive with E8 Trucks . A-4 A-3 Primary Lateral Load Deflection Characteristics . A-6 A-4 Longitudinal Load-Deflection Curve for Typical Nylatron Pedestal Liner Application (Test by EMD 10-7-76, K. R. Smith) . A-7 A-5 EMU SDP40F Locomotive with HT-C Trucks . A-11 A-6 GE C30-7 Locomotive with U30C Trucks . A-14 A-7 GE E60CP Locomotive with E60CP Trucks . A-17 A-8 EMD F40PH Locomotive with GPSS Trucks (2-Axle) . A-20 v e_A. CONTENTS (Continued) Page LIST OF TABLES 2-1 Truck Suspension Details. 9 2-2 Matrix Relating Information Acquired to Test Condition . 12 2-3 Suspension Characterization Test Matrix . 16 2-4 Locomotive Truck Test Articles 25 A-1 Truck Degrees of Freedom for which Data is Presented A-1 A-2 Locomotive Carbody Data for the E8 Truck . A-3 A-3 E8 Truck Mass and Geometric Properties . A-3 A-4 E8 Truck Suspension Characteristics . A-5 A-5 Locomotive Carbody Data for the Flexicoil Truck . A-8 A-6 Flexicoil Truck Mass and Geometric Properties . A-8 A-7 Flexicoil Truck Suspension Characteristics . A-9 A-8 Locomotive Carbody Data for the HT-C Truck . A-10 A-9 HT-C Truck Mass and Geometric Properties . A-10 A-10 HT-C Truck Suspension Characteristics . A-12 A-11 Locomotive Carbody Data for the U30C Truck . A-13 A-12 U30C Truck Mass and Geometric Properties . A -13 A-13 U30C Truck Suspension Characteristics . A-15 A-14 Locomotive Carbody Data for the E60CP Truck . A-16 A-15 E6CCP Truck Mass and Geometric Properties .. A-16 A-16 E60CP Truck Suspension Characteristics . A-18 A-17 Locomotive Carbody Data for the GPSS Truck . A-19 A-18 GPSS Truck Mass and Geometric Properties . A-19 A-19 GPSS Truck Suspension Characteristics . A-21 vi 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background The demands on the country's rail transportatiun systems have steadily risen over the past few decades. In accommodating themselves to shippers' requirements, the railroads have introduced a number of new locomotives, creating concern about higher derailment risk. One of the prime targets for extensive investigation has been the locomotive truck. Following several Amtrak derailments, severe speed restrictions were placed un locomotives having a part i cular type of truck.