Roads as part of complex infrastructure and area use in Norway and the Netherlands Adaptation of Infrastructure in The Netherlands AF2016 - session SP1.3
Kees van Muiswinkel Rijkswaterstaat Water, Traffic and Environment [email protected] +31 6 1028 1526
The Dutch approach
• Technological challenges for the transport network • Geographical challenges • Policy • Measures and examples • Recommendations
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2 RWS UNCLASS Adaptation of infrastructure in The Netherlands
Eventuele voettekst 1 Transport infrastructure: an uncertain future
• Growth of mobility and congestion? • Pressure on budget • Transition to sustainability, renewable fuels, self driving vehicles, etc. • Increasing role of ICT-ITS (Cooperative Corridors) more dependancy on telecom, electricity, chain effects
influenced by climate and extreme weather
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Afsluitdijk
Dutch challenges
Vulnerability of highways Risk of flooding
60% of the country vulnerable to flooding
Road flooding by normative showers now (blue) and in 2050 (red)
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Eventuele voettekst 2 Policy- Delta Decision on Spatial Adaptation
- Netherlands climate proof and water robust in 2050 - Issues: flooding, drought, heat stress - In 2020 this is part of policy and actions - By 2050 vital and vulnerable functions resilient to flooding
Spatial Adaptation in layer 2 of multilayer safety: take into account water safety / possible flooding when building and investing in spatial planning
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Policy: National Adaptation Agenda 2016-2018
• Actions for all involved sectors like health and agriculture • Actions for all transport modalities, e.g.:
roads: • Take into account climate change and scenarios in: – tools for sustainability, water assessment – design guidelines – planning, environmental assessment • Take measures on key (decision) moments • Adapt maintenance and replacement strategies inland waterways: • Adapt policy based on erosion and sand depositing survey • Innovation of ships, adaptive design, logistical flexibility • Adapt Guidelines
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Eventuele voettekst 3 Project examples Reconstruction of ringroad Ring Utrecht
Climate aspects of alternatives assessed, takes into account characteristics of the surroundings
Area vulnerable to soil subsidence
Area vulnerable to seepage
Area vulnerable to flooding by extreme precipitation
Vulnerable to flooding by Klimaataspecten voor de Ring Utrecht – Rapport Alterra failing of levees flooding
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Afsluitdijk (1932) will be adapted to live up to safety standards, combined with environmental, sustainability, recreation and tourism and transport functions
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Eventuele voettekst 4 Europoort Storm surge barrier - Maeslantkering Crude oil Chemicals Ore Agribulk Ro-Ro
Botlek Area
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Source:9 HBR,RWS UNCLASSJaap Lems 2009 Adaptation of infrastructure in The Netherlands 9
rail levee
pipelines
Storm surge barrier - Hartelkering
Inland shipping highway
Multistakeholder development of adaptation strategy for water safety in Botlek Area*, Rijkswaterstaat involved for roads
Source of foto: Rijkswaterstaat Beeldbank * initiated by City and Port of Rotterdam
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Eventuele voettekst 5 Botlek water safety
Area on previous slide
2015: waterdepths 1:1000 2050: same waterdepths 1: 300
Investigation shows: - Creates awareness of stakeholders - Connectedness of industry, international impact of flooding - Road: more indirect (economical) than direct damage, importance for evacuation
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Recommendations
• Start early in planning proces, involve other stakeholders • Integrate adaptation in land use planning • Adaptive, long term focus planning • Adapt on key moments (design, planning, building, maintaining, asset management, replacement) • Consider transport system as a whole • To convince decision makers: - Focus on long term benefits (‘carrot’) - Emphasize urgency and consequences (‘stick’)
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Eventuele voettekst 6 Propositions
1. Connectedness of transport system and environment combined with uncertain future require cross mode, cross sector and cross border cooperation 2. Complexity and long term effects and costs necessitate strong governmental involvement
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