Roads as part of complex infrastructure and area use in Norway and the Netherlands Adaptation of Infrastructure in The Netherlands AF2016 - session SP1.3 Kees van Muiswinkel Rijkswaterstaat Water, Traffic and Environment [email protected] +31 6 1028 1526 The Dutch approach • Technological challenges for the transport network • Geographical challenges • Policy • Measures and examples • Recommendations Rijkswaterstaat 2 RWS UNCLASS Adaptation of infrastructure in The Netherlands Eventuele voettekst 1 Transport infrastructure: an uncertain future • Growth of mobility and congestion? • Pressure on budget • Transition to sustainability, renewable fuels, self driving vehicles, etc. • Increasing role of ICT-ITS (Cooperative Corridors) more dependancy on telecom, electricity, chain effects influenced by climate and extreme weather Rijkswaterstaat 3 RWS UNCLASS Adaptation of infrastructure in The Netherlands Afsluitdijk Dutch challenges Vulnerability of highways Risk of flooding 60% of the country vulnerable to flooding Road flooding by normative showers now (blue) and in 2050 (red) Rijkswaterstaat 4 RWS UNCLASS Adaptation of infrastructure in The Netherlands Eventuele voettekst 2 Policy- Delta Decision on Spatial Adaptation - Netherlands climate proof and water robust in 2050 - Issues: flooding, drought, heat stress - In 2020 this is part of policy and actions - By 2050 vital and vulnerable functions resilient to flooding Spatial Adaptation in layer 2 of multilayer safety: take into account water safety / possible flooding when building and investing in spatial planning Rijkswaterstaat 5 RWS UNCLASS Adaptation of infrastructure in The NetherlandsOctober 28, 2015 Policy: National Adaptation Agenda 2016-2018 • Actions for all involved sectors like health and agriculture • Actions for all transport modalities, e.g.: roads: • Take into account climate change and scenarios in: – tools for sustainability, water assessment – design guidelines – planning, environmental assessment • Take measures on key (decision) moments • Adapt maintenance and replacement strategies inland waterways: • Adapt policy based on erosion and sand depositing survey • Innovation of ships, adaptive design, logistical flexibility • Adapt Guidelines Rijkswaterstaat 6 RWS UNCLASS Adaptation of infrastructure in The Netherlands Eventuele voettekst 3 Project examples Reconstruction of ringroad Ring Utrecht Climate aspects of alternatives assessed, takes into account characteristics of the surroundings Area vulnerable to soil subsidence Area vulnerable to seepage Area vulnerable to flooding by extreme precipitation Vulnerable to flooding by Klimaataspecten voor de Ring Utrecht – Rapport Alterra failing of levees flooding Rijkswaterstaat 7 RWS UNCLASS 7 Adaptation of infrastructure in The Netherlands Afsluitdijk (1932) will be adapted to live up to safety standards, combined with environmental, sustainability, recreation and tourism and transport functions Rijkswaterstaat 8 RWS UNCLASS Adaptation of infrastructure in The Netherlands Eventuele voettekst 4 Europoort Storm surge barrier - Maeslantkering Crude oil Chemicals Ore Agribulk Ro-Ro Botlek Area Rijkswaterstaat Source:9 HBR,RWS UNCLASSJaap Lems 2009 Adaptation of infrastructure in The Netherlands 9 rail levee pipelines Storm surge barrier - Hartelkering Inland shipping highway Multistakeholder development of adaptation strategy for water safety in Botlek Area*, Rijkswaterstaat involved for roads Source of foto: Rijkswaterstaat Beeldbank * initiated by City and Port of Rotterdam Rijkswaterstaat 10 RWS UNCLASS Adaptation of infrastructure in The Netherlands Eventuele voettekst 5 Botlek water safety Area on previous slide 2015: waterdepths 1:1000 2050: same waterdepths 1: 300 Investigation shows: - Creates awareness of stakeholders - Connectedness of industry, international impact of flooding - Road: more indirect (economical) than direct damage, importance for evacuation Rijkswaterstaat 11 RWS UNCLASS Adaptation of infrastructure in The Netherlands Recommendations • Start early in planning proces, involve other stakeholders • Integrate adaptation in land use planning • Adaptive, long term focus planning • Adapt on key moments (design, planning, building, maintaining, asset management, replacement) • Consider transport system as a whole • To convince decision makers: - Focus on long term benefits (‘carrot’) - Emphasize urgency and consequences (‘stick’) Rijkswaterstaat 12 RWS UNCLASS Adaptation of infrastructure in The Netherlands Eventuele voettekst 6 Propositions 1. Connectedness of transport system and environment combined with uncertain future require cross mode, cross sector and cross border cooperation 2. Complexity and long term effects and costs necessitate strong governmental involvement Rijkswaterstaat 13 RWS UNCLASS 13 Adaptation of infrastructure in The Netherlands Eventuele voettekst 7 .