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Source and Bedrock Distribution of Gold and Platinum-Group Metals in the Slate Creek Area, Northern.Chistochina Mining District, East-Central Alaska
Source and Bedrock Distribution of Gold and Platinum-Group Metals in the Slate Creek Area, Northern.Chistochina Mining District, East-Central Alaska By: Jeffrey Y. Foley and Cathy A. Summers Open-file report 14-90******************************************1990 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Manuel Lujan, Jr., Secretary BUREAU OF MINES T S Arv. Director TN 23 .U44 90-14 c.3 UNITED STATES BUREAU OF MINES -~ ~ . 4,~~~~1 JAMES BOYD MEMORIAL LIBRARY CONTENTS Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Acknowledgments 2 Location, access, and land status 2 History and production 4 Previous work 8 Geology 8 Regional and structural geologic setting 8 Rock units 8 Dacite stocks, dikes, and sills 8 Limestone 9 Argillite and sandstone 9 Differentiated igneous rocks north of the Slate Creek Fault Zone 10 Granitic rocks 16 Tertiary conglomerate 16 Geochemistry and metallurgy 18 Mineralogy 36 Discussion 44 Recommendations 45 References 47 ILLUSTRATIONS 1. Map of Slate Creek and surrounding area, in the northern Chistochina Mining District 3 2. Geologic map of the Slate Creek area, showing sample localities and cross section (in pocket) 3. North-dipping slaty argillite with lighter-colored sandstone intervals in lower Miller Gulch 10 4. North-dipping differentiated mafic and ultramafic sill capping ridge and overlying slaty argillite at upper Slate Creek 11 5. Dike swarm cutting Jurassic-Cretaceous turbidites in Miller Gulch 12 6 60-ft-wide diorite porphyry and syenodiorite porphyry dike at Miller Gulch 13 7. Map showing the locations of PGM-bearing mafic and ultramafic rocks and major faults in the east-central Alaska Range 14 8. Major oxides versus Thornton-Tuttle differentiation index 17 9. -
Geology of the Nimrod Area Granite County Montana
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1958 Geology of the Nimrod area Granite County Montana Joel Kenneth Montgomery The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Montgomery, Joel Kenneth, "Geology of the Nimrod area Granite County Montana" (1958). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 7095. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7095 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. aUv DATE DUE .**'“ '■’ K ^-r>o<> . t_A \J ^ D e c 0 1 ]ggg ^ A H 1 5 GEOLOGY OP THE NIMROD AREA GRANITE COUNTY, MONTANA by JOEL K. MONTGOMERY B. S. Brigham Young University, 1956 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY 1958 Approved by: Chairman, Board of ^aminers Dean, Graduate School 2 0 1953 bate UMl Number: EP37896 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMT OisMftartion Publishing UMl EP37896 Published by ProQuest LLC (2013). -
Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Some Belt Rocks, Montana and Idaho
Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Some Belt Rocks, Montana and Idaho By J. E. HARRISON and D. J. GRIMES CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1312-O A comparison of rocks from two widely separated areas in Belt terrane UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1970 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WALTER J. HICKEL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY William T. Pecora, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. 75-607766 4- V For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Price 35 cents CONTENTS Page Abstract .................................................................................................................. Ol Introduction ............................:.................................... .......................................... 2 General geology ...............................................................;.'................................... 3 Methods of investigation ........................y .............................................................. 7 Sampling procedure ..............................:....................................................... 7 Analytical technique for mineralogy ...............:............................................ 11 Analytical technique and calculations for geochemistry................................ 13 Mineralogy of rock types........................................................................................ 29 Geochemistry ......................................................................................................... -
Thursday 23Rd January 2020
P R O C E E D I N G S O F T H E G I B R A L T A R P A R L I A M E N T AFTERNOON SESSION: 3.15 p.m. – 6.45 p.m. Gibraltar, Thursday, 23rd January 2020 Contents Questions for Oral Answer ..................................................................................................... 3 Economic Development, Enterprise, Telecommunications and the GSB......................................... 3 Q92-96/2020 Public finances – GSB legal right of set off; Consolidated Fund and Improvement & Development Fund outturn; Credit Finance debentures; RBSI credit facility agreement ................................................................................................................................ 3 Q97-98/2020 Employment for disabled individuals – Numbers in various schemes ............... 7 Q98-99/2020 NVQ Levels 1 to 4 – Numbers qualified by trade and year .............................. 11 Standing Order 7(1) suspended to proceed with Government Statement ............................ 15 Rise in Import Duty on cigarettes – Statement by the Chief Minister ................................... 15 Standing Order 7(1) suspended to proceed with questions ................................................... 16 Chief Minister ................................................................................................................................. 16 Q100-01/2020 Civil Service sick leave – Rate by Department; mental health issues ............ 16 Q102-103/2020 Chief Minister’s New Year message – Dealing with abuses; strengthening public finances -
Origin, Texture, and Classification of Metamorphic Rocks - Teklewold Ayalew
GEOLOGY – Vol. II - Origin, Texture, and Classification of Metamorphic Rocks - Teklewold Ayalew ORIGIN, TEXTURE, AND CLASSIFICATION OF METAMORPHIC ROCKS Teklewold Ayalew Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia Keywords: aluminosilicates, assemblage, fabric, foliation, gneissose banding, index mineral, isograd, lineation, lithosphere, metamorphic facies, metasomatism, orogenic belt, schistosity Contents 1. Introduction 2. Occurrence 2.1. Orogenic Metamorphism 2.2. Contact Metamorphism 2.3. Ocean Floor Metamorphism 3. Classification 4. Minerals of Metamorphic Rocks 5. Metamorphic Facies 5.1. Facies of Very Low Grade 5.2. Greenschist Facies 5.3. Amphibolite Facies 5.4. Granulite Facies 5.5. Hornblende Hornfels Facies 5.6. Pyroxene Hornfels Facies 5.7. Blueschist Facies 5.8. Eclogite Facies 6. Tectonic Setting of Metamorphic Facies 7. Textures 7.1. Layering, Banding, and Fabric Development 8. Kinetics 8.1. Diffusion 8.2. Nucleation 8.3. Crystal Growth AcknowledgmentUNESCO – EOLSS Glossary Bibliography Biographical SketchSAMPLE CHAPTERS Summary Metamorphic rocks are igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks whose texture and composition has been changed by metamorphism. Metamorphism occurs as a response to changes in the physical or chemical environment of any pre-existing rock, such as variations in pressure or temperature, strain, or the infiltration of fluids. It involves recrystallization of existing minerals into new grains and/or the appearance of new mineral phases and breakdown of others. Metamorphic processes take place ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) GEOLOGY – Vol. II - Origin, Texture, and Classification of Metamorphic Rocks - Teklewold Ayalew essentially in the solid state. The rock mass does not normally disaggregate and lose coherence entirely; however small amounts of fluids are frequently present and may play an important catalytic role. -
Geologic Boulder Map of Campus Has Been Created As an Educational Educational an As Created Been Has Campus of Map Boulder Geologic The
Adam Larsen, Kevin Ansdell and Tim Prokopiuk Tim and Ansdell Kevin Larsen, Adam What is Geology? Igneous Geo-walk ing of marine creatures when the limestone was deposited. It also contains by edited and Written Geology is the study of the Earth, from the highest mountains to the core of The root of “igneous” is from the Latin word ignis meaning fire. Outlined in red, numerous fossils including gastropods, brachiopods, receptaculita and rugose the planet, and has traditionally been divided into physical geology and his- this path takes you across campus looking at these ancient “fire” rocks, some coral. The best example of these are in the Geology Building where the stone torical geology. Physical geology concentrates on the materials that compose of which may have been formed at great depths in the Earth’s crust. Created was hand-picked for its fossil display. Campus of the Earth and the natural processes that take place within the earth to shape by the cooling of magma or lava, they can widely vary in both grain size and Granite is another common building stone used on campus. When compa- its surface. Historical geology focuses on Earth history from its fiery begin- mineral composition. This walk stops at examples showing this variety to help nies sell granite, they do not use the same classification system as geologists. nings to the present. Geology also explores the interactions between the you understand what the change in circumstances will do to the appearance Granite is sold in many different colours and mineral compositions that a Map Boulder Geologic lithosphere (the solid Earth), the atmosphere, the biosphere (plants, animals of the rock. -
Part 629 – Glossary of Landform and Geologic Terms
Title 430 – National Soil Survey Handbook Part 629 – Glossary of Landform and Geologic Terms Subpart A – General Information 629.0 Definition and Purpose This glossary provides the NCSS soil survey program, soil scientists, and natural resource specialists with landform, geologic, and related terms and their definitions to— (1) Improve soil landscape description with a standard, single source landform and geologic glossary. (2) Enhance geomorphic content and clarity of soil map unit descriptions by use of accurate, defined terms. (3) Establish consistent geomorphic term usage in soil science and the National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS). (4) Provide standard geomorphic definitions for databases and soil survey technical publications. (5) Train soil scientists and related professionals in soils as landscape and geomorphic entities. 629.1 Responsibilities This glossary serves as the official NCSS reference for landform, geologic, and related terms. The staff of the National Soil Survey Center, located in Lincoln, NE, is responsible for maintaining and updating this glossary. Soil Science Division staff and NCSS participants are encouraged to propose additions and changes to the glossary for use in pedon descriptions, soil map unit descriptions, and soil survey publications. The Glossary of Geology (GG, 2005) serves as a major source for many glossary terms. The American Geologic Institute (AGI) granted the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) permission (in letters dated September 11, 1985, and September 22, 1993) to use existing definitions. Sources of, and modifications to, original definitions are explained immediately below. 629.2 Definitions A. Reference Codes Sources from which definitions were taken, whole or in part, are identified by a code (e.g., GG) following each definition. -
Metamorphic Rocks.Pdf
Metamorphism & Metamorphic Rocks (((adapted from Brunkel, 2012) Metamorphic Rocks . Changed rocks- with heat and pressure . But not melted . Change in the solid state . Textural changes (always) . Mineralogy changes (usually) Metamorphism . The mineral changes that transform a parent rock to into a new metamorphic rock by exposure to heat, stress, and fluids unlike those in which the parent rock formed. granite gneiss Geothermal gradient Types of Metamorphism . Contact metamorphism – – Happens in wall rock next to intrusions – HEAT is main metamorphic agent . Contact metamorphism Contact Metamorphism . Local- Usually a zone only a few meters wide . Heat from plutons intruded into “cooler” country rock . Usually forms nonfoliated rocks Types of Metamorphism . Hydrothermal metamorphism – – Happens along fracture conduits – HOT FLUIDS are main metamorphic agent Types of Metamorphism . Regional metamorphism – – Happens during mountain building – Most significant type – STRESS associated with plate convergence & – HEAT associated with burial (geothermal gradient) are main metamorphic agents . Contact metamorphism . Hydrothermal metamorphism . Regional metamorphism . Wide range of pressure and temperature conditions across a large area regional hot springs hydrothermal contact . Regional metamorphism Other types of Metamorphism . Burial . Fault zones . Impact metamorphism Tektites Metamorphism and Plate Tectonics . Fault zone metamorphism . Mélange- chaotic mixture of materials that have been crumpled together Stress (pressure) . From burial -
Streaming of Saline Fluids Through Archean Crust
Lithos 346–347 (2019) 105157 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Lithos journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/lithos Streaming of saline fluids through Archean crust: Another view of charnockite-granite relations in southern India Robert C. Newton a,⁎, Leonid Ya. Aranovich b, Jacques L.R. Touret c a Dept. of Earth, Planetary and Spaces, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA b Inst. of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow RU-119017, Russia c 121 rue de la Réunion, F-75020 Paris, France article info abstract Article history: The complementary roles of granites and rocks of the granulite facies have long been a key issue in models of the Received 27 June 2019 evolution of the continental crust. “Dehydration melting”,orfluid-absent melting of a lower crust containing H2O Received in revised form 25 July 2019 only in the small amounts present in biotite and amphibole, has raised problems of excessively high tempera- Accepted 26 July 2019 tures and restricted amounts of granite production, factors seemingly incapable of explaining voluminous bodies Available online 29 July 2019 of granite like the Archean Closepet Granite of South India. The existence of incipient granulite-facies metamor- phism (charnockite formation) and closely associated migmatization (melting) in 2.5 Ga-old gneisses in a quarry Keywords: fl Charnockite exposure in southern India and elsewhere, with structural, chemical and mineral-inclusion evidence of uid ac- Granite tion, has encouraged a wetter approach, in consideration of aqueous fluids for rock melting which maintain suf- Saline fluids ficiently low H2O activity for granulite-facies metamorphism. -
Limestone Resources of Western Washington
State of Washington DANIEL J. EVANS, Governor Department of Conservation H. MA URI CE AHLQUIST, Director DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY MARSHALL T. HUNTTING, Supervisor Bulletin No. 52 LIMESTONE RESOURCES OF WESTERN WASHINGTON By WILBERT R. DANNER With a section on the UME MOUNTAIN DEPOSIT By GERALD W. THORSEN STATII PRINTING PLANT, OLYMPI A, WASH, 1966 For sale by Department of Conservation, Olympia, Washington. Price, $4,50 FOREWORD Since the early days of Washington's statehood, limestone has been recognized as one of the important mineral resources _of the State. The second annual report of the Washington Geological Survey, published in 1903, gave details on the State's limestone deposits, and in later years five other reports published by the Survey and its successor agencies hove given additional information on this resource. Still other reports by Federal and private agencies hove been published in response to demands for data on limestone here. Although some of the earlier reports included analyses to show the purity of the rocks, very few of the samples for analysis were taken systemati cally in a way that would fairly represent the deposits sampled. Prior to 1900 limestone was produced for use as building stone here, and another important use was for the production of burned Ii me . Portland cement plants soon became leading consumers of Ii mestone, and they con tinue as such to the present time . Limestone is used in large quantities in the pulp industry in the Northwest, and in 1966 there was one commercial lime-burning plant in the State. Recognizing the potential for industrial development in Washington based on more intensive use of our mineral resources, and recognizing the need to up-dote the State's knowledge of raw material resources in order to channel those resources into the State's growing economy, the Industrial Row Materials Advisory Committee of the Deportment of Commerce and Economic Development in 1958 recommended that a comprehensive survey be made of the limestone resources of Washington. -
Dec 15, 1999 LAB MANUAL 1209
October 2012 LAB MANUAL 1209.0 1209.0 LITHOLOGICAL SUMMARY 1209.1 GENERAL This test procedure is performed on aggregates to determine the per- centage of various rock types (especially the deleterious varieties) regulated in the Standard Specifications for Construction. 1209.2 APPARATUS A. Dilute Hydrochloric Acid (10% ±) - One part concentrated HCL with 9 parts water and eyedropper applicator B. "Brass Pencil" - (See Section 1218.2 for description) C. Balances - Shall conform to AASHTO M 231 (Classes G2 & G5). Readability & sensitivity 0.1 grams, accuracy 0.1 grams or 0.1%. Balances shall be appropriate for the specific use. D. Small Hammer, Steel Plate and Safety Glasses E. Paper Containers - Approximately 75mm (3") in diameter F. Magnifying Hand Lens (10 to 15 power) G. Unglazed Porcelain Tile (streak plate) 1209.3 TEST SAMPLE The test sample, prepared in accordance with Section 1201.4G, shall be washed (Observe washing restrictions in Section 1201.4G1c) and then dried to a constant weight at a temperature of 110 ± 5 °C (230 ± 9 °F). (See Section 1201, Table 1, for sample weights.) 1209.4 PROCEDURE Examine and classify each rock piece individually. Some rock types may need to be cracked open to identify or determine the identifying properties of the rock. (Always wear safety glasses). The following general guidelines are for informational purposes: • Always break open pieces of soft rock or any others of which you are unsure as the outside is often weathered. • Pick the easy particles first October 2012 LAB MANUAL 1209.4 • Don't be overly concerned about questionable particles unless they will fail the sample. -
Rocks and Geology: General Information
Rocks and Geology: General Information Rocks are the foundation of the earth. Rock provides the firmament beneath our oceans and seas and it covers 28% of the earth's surface that we all call home. When we travel any distance in any given direction, it is impossible not to see the tremendous variety in color, texture, and shape of the rocks around us. Rocks are composed of one or more minerals. Limestone, for example, is composed primarily of the mineral calcite. Granite can be made up of the minerals quartz, orthoclase and plagioclase feldspars, hornblende, and biotite mica. Rocks are classified by their mineral composition as well as the environment in which they were formed. There are three major classifications of rocks: igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic. A question: Which kind of rock came first? Think about it....... The following sections describe the conditions and processes that create the landscape we admire and live on here on "terra firma." IGNEOUS ROCKS The millions of tons of molten rock that poured out of the volcano Paracutin in Mexico, and from the eruption of Mount St. Helens in Washington State illustrate one of the methods of igneous rock formation. Igneous (from fire) rocks are formed when bodies of hot liquid rock called magma located beneath the earth's crust, find their way upward through the crust by way of fissures or faults. If the magma reaches the earth's surface, it forms extrusive igneous rocks or volcanic rocks. If the magma cools before it reaches the surface, it forms bodies of rock called intrusive igneous rocks or plutonic rocks.