Chinese Architecture and Metaphor
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Orthography of Early Chinese Writing: Evidence from Newly Excavated Manuscripts
IMRE GALAMBOS ORTHOGRAPHY OF EARLY CHINESE WRITING: EVIDENCE FROM NEWLY EXCAVATED MANUSCRIPTS BUDAPEST MONOGRAPHS IN EAST ASIAN STUDIES SERIES EDITOR: IMRE HAMAR IMRE GALAMBOS ORTHOGRAPHY OF EARLY CHINESE WRITING: EVIDENCE FROM NEWLY EXCAVATED MANUSCRIPTS DEPARTMENT OF EAST ASIAN STUDIES, EÖTVÖS LORÁND UNIVERSITY BUDAPEST 2006 The present volume was published with the support of the Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation. © Imre Galambos, 2006 ISBN 963 463 811 2 ISSN 1787-7482 Responsible for the edition: Imre Hamar Megjelent a Balassi Kiadó gondozásában (???) A nyomdai munkálatokat (???)a Dabas-Jegyzet Kft. végezte Felelős vezető Marosi Györgyné ügyvezető igazgató CONTENTS Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. vii Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1 CHAPTER ONE FORMER UNDERSTANDINGS ..................................................................................... 11 1.1 Traditional views ........................................................................................... 12 1.1.1 Ganlu Zishu ........................................................................................ 13 1.1.2 Hanjian .............................................................................................. 15 1.2 Modern views ................................................................................................ 20 1.2.1 Noel Barnard ..................................................................................... -
Jiyuan: Landscape, Inscriptions and the Past
Jiyuan: landscape, inscriptions and the past Barend J. ter Haar (Oxford University) With the support of the SSHRC a small group of scholars and graduate students went to Jiyuan 濟源, in western Henan, to collect inscriptions. The group was certainly successful, both in obtaining better versions of inscriptions that we already knew about and collecting a wealth of inscriptions whose existence had gone unnoticed even by the local staff of the Cultural Affairs Bureau. Our principal purpose was collecting inscriptions on and in the Temple of River Ji (jidu miao 濟瀆廟) and on the Daoist sites of Wangwu Mountain 王屋山. I focus here on doing research and the importance of imagining the past, rather than more concrete (and hopefully original) analytical results. To me thinking through the problem of imagining the past and the wonderful conversations with colleagues, students and local people —as well as some 200 or so late sixteenth century votive inscriptions containing names, places and amounts of the donations—were the most important results of our expedition. Since this kind of experience is rarely preserved, but remains part of our oral lore destined for direct colleagues, local student and relatives, I thought should write down some of my impressions during and after this visit, organized topically. The field team (photograph by Liu Jie) Our lost sense of historical distances and physical effort In terms of modern transport, the city of Jiyuan and its surroundings can no longer be considered peripheral. One can fly into Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou from most major airports in the world. From there one changes planes to Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan province, and a further bus or taxi drive of several hours brings one safely to any hotel in Jiyuan. -
Clara Wing-Chung Ho FUSHI
Clara Wing-chung Ho FUSHI: THE SECOND SEX AND THE THIRD SEX IN TRADITIONAL CHINA* A Double Meaning of Fushi If we borrow the Western concept to describe women as the second sex in Chinese history,1 then eunuchs could certainly be understood as the third sex.2 The third sex was an artificial one. It was the first sex, male, aiming to ensure the chastity of the second sex, who created a third sex. In imperial families, castration of male attendants made it possible to prevent palace * The author gratefully acknowledges Professor Kwai-cheung Lo, who read the first draft of this article and offered many valuable comments. An earlier version of this article was presented at the workshop “The Future of Chinese Gender Studies in Europe, Asia and the United States” held in Luxembourg, June 24-26, 2005. The author also acknowledges all the constructive comments and suggestions given by the workshop participants, Professors Harriet Zurndorfer and Angela Ki Che Leung in particular. The author is also grateful to Professor Paolo Santan- gelo and Dr. Donatella Guida for their editorial assistance. The shortcomings of the final ver- sion are, of course, the author’s own. 1 Simone de Beauvior’s (1908-1986) Le Deuxième Sexe (The Second Sex) was first published in French in 1949. Employing biological, psychological and historical analysis, it explains how the men-women relation was compared to the master-slave relation. The book was soon trans- lated into many languages and became a major and well-known reference on gender studies in the second half of the 20th century. -
Generic Subject Guide
DiMenna-Nyselius Library Chinese Language & Literature • Campus Resources • Directories and Organizations • Dictionaries and Encyclopedias • Almanacs, Handbooks, and • Library Catalog Statistics • Article Indexes and Databases • Primary Documents and Images • Electronic Texts and Journals • Internet Resources • Bibliographies and Reviews • Course Homepage and Course • Biographical and Geographical Reserves Resources • Tips on Using Your Information Campus Resources Fairfield University Language Resource Center (LARC) http://www.faculty.fairfield.edu/jgoldfield/LARC030506.htm Dictionaries & Encyclopedias Chinese-English Dictionary of Modern Usage http://www.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/Lindict/ Chinese Characters Dictionary Web http://zhongwen.com/zi.htm Online Chinese Dictionaries http://www.chinalanguage.com/Language/Dictionaries/ ABC Chinese-English comprehensive dictionary: alphabetically based computerized Ref. PL1455.A33 2003 A Dictionary of Chinese mythology Ref. BL1801.W35 1961 Dictionary of 1000 Chinese idioms Ref. PL1273.D53 2000 Mathews’ Chinese-English dictionary Ref. PL1455.M42 1969 A New English-Chinese dictionary Ref. PL1455.N49 1984 Oxford Chinese dictionary: English-Chinese, Chinese-English Ref. PL1455.O94 2003 with an accompanying CD-ROM at the Media Desk, Main Level The Pinyin Chinese-English dictionary Ref. PL1455.P55 1979 The Cambridge encyclopedia of China Ref. DS705.C35 1991 Encyclopedia of China: the essential reference to China, its history and culture Ref. DS705.P47 1999 Modern China: an encyclopedia of history, culture, -
Science and Technology in Modern China, 1880S-1940S
Science and Technology in Modern China, 1880s-1940s Edited by Jing Tsu and Benjamin A. Elman LEIDEN | BOSTON This is a digital offprint for restricted use only | © 2014 Koninklijke Brill NV Contents List of Figures vii Notes on Contributors ix Introduction 1 Jing Tsu and Benjamin A. Elman Toward a History of Modern Science in Republican China 15 Benjamin A. Elman Historiography of Science and Technology in China The First Phase 39 Iwo Amelung Disciplining the National Essence Liu Shipei and the Reinvention of Ancient China’s Intellectual History 67 Joachim Kurtz Science in Translation Yan Fu’s Role 93 Shen Guowei Chinese Scripts, Codes, and Typewriting Machines 115 Jing Tsu Semiotic Sovereignty The 1871 Chinese Telegraph Code in Historical Perspective 153 Thomas S. Mullaney Proofreading Science Editing and Experimentation in Manuals by a 1930s Industrialist 185 Eugenia Lean The Controversy over Spontaneous Generation in Republican China Science, Authority, and the Public 209 Fa-ti Fan Bridging East and West through Physics William Band at Yenching University 245 Danian Hu Periodical Space Language and the Creation of Scientific Community in Republican China 269 Grace Shen This is a digital offprint for restricted use only | © 2014 Koninklijke Brill NV vi Contents Operatic Escapes Performing Madness in Neuropsychiatric Beijing 297 Hugh Shapiro Index 327 Contents Notes on Contributors ix Introduction 1 Jing Tsu and Benjamin A. Elman Introduction 1 Toward a History of Modern Science in Republican China 15 Benjamin A. Elman 15 Historiography of Science and Technology in China 39 The First Phase 39 Iwo Amelung 39 Disciplining the National Essence 67 Liu Shipei and the Reinvention of Ancient China’s Intellectual History 67 Joachim Kurtz 67 Science in Translation 93 Yan Fu’s Role 93 Shen Guowei 93 Chinese Scripts, Codes, and Typewriting Machines 115 Jing Tsu 115 Semiotic Sovereignty 153 The 1871 Chinese Telegraph Code in Historical Perspective 153 Thomas S. -
Introduction
Introduction In March 1949, when Mao Zedong set out for Beijing from Xibaipo, the remote village where he had lived for the previous ten months, he took along four printed texts. Included were the Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian, c. 100 BCE) and the Zizhi tongjian (Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government, c. 1050 CE), two works that had been studied for centuries by emperors, statesmen, and would-be conquerors. Along with these two historical works, Mao packed two modern Chinese dictionaries, Ciyuan (The Encyclopedic Dictionary, first published by the Commercial Press in 1915) and Cihai (Ocean of Words, issued by Zhonghua Books in 1936- 37).1 If the two former titles, part of the standard repertoire regularly re- printed by both traditional and modern Chinese publishers, are seen as key elements of China’s broadly based millennium-old print culture, then the presence of the two latter works symbolizes the singular intellectual and political importance of two modern industrialized publishing firms. Together with scores of other innovative Shanghai-based printing and publishing enterprises, these two corporations shaped and standardized modern Chi- nese language and thought, both Mao’s and others’, using Western-style printing and publishing operations of the sort commonly traced to Johann Gutenberg.2 As Mao, who had once organized a printing workers’ union, understood, modern printing and publishing were unimaginable without the complex of revolutionary technologies invented by Gutenberg in the fifteenth century. At its most basic level, the Gutenberg revolution involved the adaptation of mechanical processes to the standardization and duplication of texts using movable metal type and the printing press. -
Due to the Special Circumstances of China Nancy L
Bridgewater Review Volume 5 | Issue 2 Article 6 Nov-1987 Due to the Special Circumstances of China Nancy L. Street Bridgewater State College, [email protected] Recommended Citation Street, Nancy L. (1987). Due to the Special Circumstances of China. Bridgewater Review, 5(2), 7-10. Available at: http://vc.bridgew.edu/br_rev/vol5/iss2/6 This item is available as part of Virtual Commons, the open-access institutional repository of Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. --------------ES SAY-------------- Due To The Special Circumstances ofCHIN1\... BY NANCY LYNCH STREET ,~d Ifim 'h, ,boY< 'id, in 'h, <xch'nge pmgrnm 'On"''' "'''",n Shanxi Teacher's University and Bridgewater State College. I pondered it for awhile, then dropped it. I would find out soon enough the "special circumstances of China." First, I had to get ready to go to China. Ultimately, the context of the phrase would enlighten me. During the academic year 1985-1986 I taught at Shanxi Teacher's University which is located in Linfen, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China. Like the Chinese, I would soon learn the virtues of quietness and patience. I would listen and look and remember. Perhaps most important of all, I would make friends whom I shall never forget. FROM BE]ING TO LINFEN Cultural Revolution. Seventeen hours by from personal observations here and The Setting train north to Beijing, eight hours south abroad; and finally, from days and weeks The express train arrives in Linfen to Xi'an (home of the clay warriors found of talk and gathering oral history from from Beijing in the early morning, around in the tomb of the Emperor Ching Shi students, colleagues and friends. -
Singapore Mandarin Chinese : Its Variations and Studies
This document is downloaded from DR‑NTU (https://dr.ntu.edu.sg) Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Singapore Mandarin Chinese : its variations and studies Lin, Jingxia; Khoo, Yong Kang 2018 Lin, J., & Khoo, Y. K. (2018). Singapore Mandarin Chinese : its variations and studies. Chinese Language and Discourse, 9(2), 109‑135. doi:10.1075/cld.18007.lin https://hdl.handle.net/10356/136920 https://doi.org/10.1075/cld.18007.lin © 2018 John Benjamins Publishing Company. All rights reserved. This paper was published in Chinese Language and Discourse and is made available with permission of John Benjamins Publishing Company. Downloaded on 26 Sep 2021 00:28:12 SGT To appear in Chinese Language and Discourse (2018) Singapore Mandarin Chinese: Its Variations and Studies* Jingxia Lin and Yong Kang Khoo Nanyang Technological University Abstract Given the historical and linguistic contexts of Singapore, it is both theoretically and practically significant to study Singapore Mandarin (SM), an important member of Global Chinese. This paper aims to present a relatively comprehensive linguistic picture of SM by overviewing current studies, particularly on the variations that distinguish SM from other Mandarin varieties, and to serve as a reference for future studies on SM. This paper notes that (a) current studies have often provided general descriptions of the variations, but less on individual variations that may lead to more theoretical discussions; (b) the studies on SM are primarily based on the comparison with Mainland China Mandarin; (c) language contact has been taken as the major contributor of the variation in SM, whereas other factors are often neglected; and (d) corpora with SM data are comparatively less developed and the evaluation of data has remained largely in descriptive statistics. -
Parte I €“ Dilema éTico Y Virtud
Virtud y consecuencia en la literatura histórica y filosófica pre-Han y Han: el dilema ético en la filosofía y sociedad china César Guarde Paz ADVERTIMENT. La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tdx.cat) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposició des d’un lloc aliè al servei TDX. No s’autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autora. ADVERTENCIA. La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del servicio TDR (www.tdx.cat) ha sido autorizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR. No se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a TDR (framing). Esta reserva de derechos afecta tanto al resumen de presentación de la tesis como a sus contenidos. -
Downloaded from Brill.Com10/04/2021 08:34:09AM Via Free Access Bruce Rusk: Old Scripts, New Actors 69
EASTM 26 (2007): 68-116 Old Scripts, New Actors: European Encounters with Chinese Writing, 1550-1700* Bruce Rusk [Bruce Rusk is Assistant Professor of Chinese Literature in the Department of Asian Studies at Cornell University. From 2004 to 2006 he was Mellon Humani- ties Fellow in the Asian Languages Department at Stanford University. His dis- sertation was entitled “The Rogue Classicist: Feng Fang and his Forgeries” (UCLA, 2004) and his article “Not Written in Stone: Ming Readers of the Great Learning and the Impact of Forgery” appeared in The Harvard Journal of Asi- atic Studies 66.1 (June 2006).] * * * But if a savage or a moon-man came And found a page, a furrowed runic field, And curiously studied line and frame: How strange would be the world that they revealed. A magic gallery of oddities. He would see A and B as man and beast, As moving tongues or arms or legs or eyes, Now slow, now rushing, all constraint released, Like prints of ravens’ feet upon the snow. — Herman Hesse1 Visitors to the Far East from early modern Europe reported many marvels, among them a writing system unlike any familiar alphabetic script. That the in- habitants of Cathay “in a single character make several letters that comprise one * My thanks to all those who provided feedback on previous versions of this paper, especially the workshop commentator, Anthony Grafton, and Liam Brockey, Benjamin Elman, and Martin Heijdra as well as to the Humanities Fellows at Stanford. I thank the two anonymous readers, whose thoughtful comments were invaluable in the revision of this essay. -
Revisiting the Scene of the Party: a Study of the Lanting Collection
Revisiting the Scene of the Party: A Study of the Lanting Collection WENDY SWARTZ RUTGERS UNIVERSITY The Lanting (sometimes rendered as "Orchid Pavilion") gathering in 353 is one of the most famous literati parties in Chinese history. ' This gathering inspired the celebrated preface written by the great calligrapher Wang Xizhi ï^è. (303-361), another preface by the poet Sun Chuo i^s^ (314-371), and forty-one poems composed by some of the most intellectu- ally active men of the day.^ The poems are not often studied since they have long been over- shadowed by Wang's preface as a work of calligraphic art and have been treated as examples oí xuanyan ("discourse on the mysterious [Dao]") poetry,^ whose fate in literary history suffered after influential Six Dynasties writers decried its damage to the classical tradition. '^ Historian Tan Daoluan tliË;^ (fl. 459) traced the trend to its full-blown development in Sun Chuo and Xu Xun l^gt] (fl. ca. 358), who were said to have continued the work of inserting Daoist terms into poetry that was started by Guo Pu MM (276-324); they moreover "added the [Buddhist] language of the three worlds [past, present, and future], and the normative style of the Shi W and Sao M came to an end."^ Critic Zhong Rong M^ (ca. 469-518) then faulted their works for lacking appeal. His critique was nothing short of scathing: he argued Earlier versions of this article were presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Asian Studies in Phil- adelphia in March 2012 and at a lecture delivered at Tel Aviv University in May, 2011, and I am grateful to have had the chance to present my work at both venues. -
1 Chinese Writing: Ancient Autochthonous Perspective Fran蔞ise Bott廨o CRLAO-CNRS-EHESS Paris in Order to Compare What Could
1 Chinese writing: ancient autochthonous perspective Françoise Bottéro CRLAO-CNRS-EHESS Paris In order to compare what could also be compared between ancient writing systems and enrich our problematics, I would like to provide another possible perspective. Instead of signs structure or origins of writing, I would like to discuss some more theoretic or analytic points such as, for example, the kinds of reflections made by the ancient people on their own writing system. Indeed, It could be worth comparing how and when ancient scribes/scholars started asking questions about their writing system : How they conceived the origins of their writing system, what kind of reflections and theories they elaborated on their script, how they classified and analysed the written signs, what kind of lexical lists they provided, when did they start using a special terminology, etc. This could help us understand constraints imposed by the so called logographic writing system as opposed to phonetic writing systems, and the ways ancient scribes/lexicographs used to handle them. 1. The origins of writing in ancient China The oldest mention to the origins of writing in China goes back to the 3rd century BC. The great philosopher Xu2nzi3 荀子 (335-238) and his disciple Ha2n Fe1i 韓非 (280-233) present Ca1ng Jie2 倉頡 as someone specialised in writing and eventually as the inventor of writing. The Heroic invention of writing progressively developed, and around the 1rst century AD, Ca1ng Jie2 had become the scribe of the Mythical “Yellow Emperor” Hua2ngdi4 who drew his inspiration to invent writing from the marks left by the birds and the beasts on the soil.