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Safe Havens : Protected Areas for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation

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Safe Havens : Protected Areas for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Safe Havens Protected Areas for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Safe Havens Protected Areas for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Areas Safe Havens Protected Edited by Radhika Murti and Camille Buyck INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE WORLD HEADQUARTERS Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland Tel +41 22 999 0000 Fax +41 22 999 0020 www.iucn.org About IUCN IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature, helps the world find pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment and development challenges. IUCN’s work focuses on valuing and conserving nature, ensuring effective and equitable governance of its use, and deploying nature-based solutions to global challenges in climate, food and development. IUCN supports scientific research, manages field projects all over the world, and brings governments, NGOs, the UN and companies together to develop policy, laws and best practice. IUCN is the world’s oldest and largest global environmental organization, with more than 1,200 government and NGO Members and almost 11,000 volunteer experts in some 160 countries. IUCN’s work is supported by over 1,000 staff in 45 offices and hundreds of partners in public, NGO and private sectors around the world. www.iucn.org Safe Havens Protected Areas for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Edited by Radhika Murti and Camille Buyck i The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN. Published by: IUCN, Gland, Switzerland Copyright: © 2014 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resource Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copy right holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. Citation: Murti, R. and Buyck, C. (ed.) (2014). Safe Havens: Protected Areas for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. xii + 168 pp. ISBN: 978-2-8317-1687-9 Acknowledgements: We would like to thank all the authors of this book for their hard work in the compilation of this publication, a task that required dedication and commitment for about 10 months. We are very grateful to Deborah Murith and Thomas Brooks for their support, advice and guidance in adhering to the IUCN publications standards. This endeavour was possible to complete only with the fundraising, technical, communications and logistical support from our colleagues, Cristina Machado, Claire Pedrot, Susan Mills, Ali Raza Rizvi, Naoya Furuta, Kaori Yasuda, Edmund Barrow, Sonia Zanou, Maria Hasler, Rosa Mary Saengsanthitham and Ponsheniv Ronnakiat. A very special thank you to Caroline Snow for the proofreading and to Sue Stolton, Nigel Dudley, Angela Andrade, Karen Sudmeier–Rieux, Fabrice Renaud and Jeffrey McNeely for the peer reviews. Production of this publication was made possible with funding from the Keidanren Nature Conservation Fund through the Keidanren Committee on Nature Conservation, Japan. Photo cover: © Mark Ford-East Ship Ghost Forest - USA Printed by: Clung Wicha Press Co., Ltd. Available from: IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Rue Mauverney 28 1196 Gland, Switzerland Tel +41 22 999 0000 Fax +41 22 999 0020 www.iucn.org/publications ii Table of contents Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................... v Chapter 1 – Australia............................................................................................................................................ 1 The ecosystem service value of protected areas for cyclone protection in Queensland, Australia Chapter 2 – Barbados.......................................................................................................................................... 15 Economics of climate adaptation in Barbados – facts for decision making Chapter 3 – Cambodia......................................................................................................................................... 22 Reducing disaster risks to mangrove forest livelihoods through watershed-based protected area management Chapter 4 – Canada............................................................................................................................................. 33 Coastal ecosystems in Kouchibouguac National Park of Canada: adaptation possibilities for protecting traditional knowledge of a local community Chapter 5 – Guatemala........................................................................................................................................ 41 Thinking outside the protected area boundaries for flood risk management: the Monterrico Multiple Use Natural Reserve in Guatemala Chapter 6 – India.................................................................................................................................................. 49 Mangrove forests enhance rice cropland resilience to tropical cyclones: evidence from the Bhitarkanika Conservation Area Chapter 7 – India.................................................................................................................................................. 56 Traditional knowledge, ecosystem services and disaster risk reduction in Manas World Heritage Site and Biosphere Reserve, India Chapter 8 – Italy................................................................................................................................................... 63 Adaptation to Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management in the Po River Delta Protected Area Chapter 9 – Madagascar...................................................................................................................................... 74 Pioneering climate change adapted Marine Protected Area management in Madagascar Chapter 10 New Zealand..................................................................................................................................... 83 Potential roles for coastal protected areas in disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation: a case study of dune management in Christchurch, New Zealand Chapter 11 Peru................................................................................................................................................... 94 Climate Change Adaptation in the Peruvian Andes: implementing no-regret measures in the Nor Yauyos-Cochas Landscape Reserve Chapter 12 Philippines......................................................................................................................................... 104 The role of conservation agreements in disaster risk reduction: the case of Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape (MMPL) in the Philippines iii Chapter 13 – Spain.............................................................................................................................................. 116 Human perturbation and environmental governance of the coastal lagoon of A Frouxeira, Spain, for seasonal flood mitigation of suburban dwellings Chapter 14 – South Africa.................................................................................................................................... 124 Contribution of protected areas in mitigation against potential impacts of climate change and livelihoods in the Albany Thicket, South Africa Chapter 15 – Uganda........................................................................................................................................... 132 Initiatives to combat landslides, floods and effects of climate change in Mt Elgon Region Chapter 16 – USA................................................................................................................................................ 141 Hurricane Katrina, the role of US National Parks on the northern Gulf of Mexico and post storm wetland restoration Chapter 17 – Viet Nam......................................................................................................................................... 149 Building Resilience in Hoi An city, Viet Nam through the Cham Islands Marine Protected Area Chapter 18 – Viet Nam......................................................................................................................................... 157 Integration of Climate Change and Disaster Risk Strategies into Local Natural Resources Management in Viet Nam Conclusion and Recommendations................................................................................................................... 167 iv Introduction Radhika Murti International Union for Conservation of Nature, Switzerland. Email: [email protected] Ali Raza Rizvi International Union for Conservation of Nature, United States of America. Email: [email protected] Camille Buyck International Union for Conservation of Nature, Switzerland. Email: [email protected] 1. The Scope and Purpose of This of hazard events as well as a variety of of PAs in both, disaster risk
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