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6/2015 Kr 48,- INTERPRESS NORGE 09 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE And SECURITY ndUSTRIES ssOCIATION I A RETURUKE EXTENDED AWARENESS The GIRAFFE 8A is a recent extension to Saab’s world-class With our more than 60 years of innovative radar development line-up of surface radar systems. This 3D long-range air you can rely on Saab’s thinking edge to provide the capabilities surveillance radar system is designed for the highest level of needed to meet future threats and requirements. situational awareness and ballistic missile defence – in any climate. The GIRAFFE 8A provides exceptional range and www.saab.com multi-role capabilities, combined with operational flexibility that allows you to virtually look into the future. GIRAFFE 8A – a member of Saab’s world-class line-up of Surface Radar Solutions. CONTENTS Contents: TRITON Editor-in-Chief: 2 Exit Orion, enter Triton? M.Sc. Bjørn Domaas Josefsen AIP 7 Air independent conventional submarines THE REFUGEE CRISIS – IS FSI THIS JUST THE BEGINNING? 11 Norwegian Defence and Security Industries Association At the same time as hundreds of thousands of refugees are swarming 12 Technology seminar with the Norwegian to Europe following the atrocities of the Syrian civil war, the influx Special Operation Forces of refugees keeps up a steady flow across the Medi terranean Sea RADARS FOR NORWAY from Africa. 16 Norwegian Defence in the closing stages of the The refugee crisis has caused massive problems for the countries radar project in Europe and the European Union. The Schengen agreement, which regulates the border control BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, co-operation and the passportless travel within the Schengen INDUSTRY AND TRADE sphere, is subject to enormous pressure, and the Dublin agreement 19 Four more F-16 Fighters to Egypt that calls for refugees to be recorded in the first EU nation they come 20 M109A7 production contract for US Army to, has to all intents and purposes collapsed. 22 RBS 70 missiles for Latvia The current result is that the governments of the European 26 First order for Carl-Gustaf M4 nations are all but competing to make their nations seem as unattractive as possible for the migrants, in the hope that the influx RADAR of refugees take another direction to other countries in Europe. 28 Giraffe 4A, reducing the stealth effect While a solution to the Syrian crisis seems to be remote indeed, tensions are building in other countries in the Middle East TERMA and North Africa. Developments in countries such as Libya, Egypt, 31 Commercial contract is Terma´s safety net Yemen, Nigeria and South Sudan give every reason to fear that more ARMATA countries can succumb to chaos and civil war. When this happens, 32 The new Russian T-14 Armata main battle tank the current flood of refugees may be just a small preamble to what Europe can expect over the coming few years. Viewed from this perspective, it is even more vital that Europe is able to coordinate its refugee policies. Such coordination cannot merely be about where the refugees should be recorded, but must Coverphoto: Test flight with a US Navy Triton UAV include the requirements for being granted asylum status, and Photo: US Navy/Northrop Grumman whether the asylum should be temporary; other topics include the rights and financial support arrangements for the asylum seekers, as well as return facilities, et cetera. And even if a joint European coordination in these fields will entail a powerful re- striction towards the asylum seekers to a number of European countries, a common set of regulations will be a prerequisite for Europe to function as a safe haven for those people who are in a real need of protection. The alternative looks likely to be a Europe where more and more countries are closing their borders to refugees entirely. 1995–2015 | 20 YEARS ANNIVERSARY MILITÆRTEKNIKK 6/2015 1 TRITON EXIT ORION, ENTER TRITON? The Norwegian defence Commander wishes to phase out the surveillance aircraft. In both cases, the current fleet of P3 Orion aircraft. In the future, Norway may Triton UAV from Northrop Grumman is the UAV of choice for unmanned surveillance follow many other nations in the use of huge unmanned air- of the national seascapes. Representatives craft as a basis for the surveillance of their seas. of Northrop Grumman have recently paid a visit to Norway to give a presentation of the possibilities that the Triton represents orway is responsible for huge ocean tent. Said drones will then be operated as a potential successor to the Norwegian Nspaces, and a major proportion of the from the Evenes Air Station, some 40 miles P3 Orion aircraft. surveillance of these have been performed south of the Andøya Air Station, between through the years using P3 Orion aircraft the cities of Narvik and Harstad. MQ-4C Triton based on the Air Station Andøya (in the far Triton is a maritime version of the Global north of Norway, some 100 clicks SW of UAV’s for surveillance Hawk, explains Drew Flood, Europe Tromsø). The Orion aircraft are coming up The Norwegian Defence Commander’s Manager for the Triton Programme. Where on the end of their operative life span, and thinking on increased use of UAV’s and the Global Hawk was developed for the when the Norwegian Defence Commander satellites in surveillance operations is not US Air Force, the Triton was developed presented his military advice for 2015 on all that fresh and unique. Several countries for the US Navy. At the outset the Global the 1st of October, one of the proposals was are working on solutions aimed towards Hawk and the Triton are substantially to phase out the Orions and shut down the same end. For example, the United similar, which means that the technology the Andøya Air Station around the year of States Navy is about to procure 68 large used in the Triton has been put through 2021. UAV’s for surveillance of American sea its paces over several years in the Global The Defence Commander further interests, in collaboration with the new P8 Hawk programme. Nevertheless, the Navy suggests that the surveillance tasks in the maritime surveillance aircraft also being has a few special operational requirements North Sea, The Norwegian Sea and the procured at this time. Similarly, Australia versus the Air Force, and it is to meet these Barents Sea should in future be done using is also opting for a combination of seven we have developed the Triton, says Flood. satellites and drones to an increasing ex- large UAV units and a number of crewed 2 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 6/2015 TRITON Test flight with a Triton UAV. Triton could be an alternative for replacement of the Norwegian P3 Orion maritime patrol aircraft. Photo: Northrop Grumman Triton is what you would call distinction between the Triton and the land subject. The Triton will transmit all the in- a HALE UAV, which unscrambles into surveillance craft Global Hawk. At lesser formation it has picked up to the operator High Altitude Long Endurance UAV, and altitudes, the weather challenges assume station in real time. the craft can operate at altitudes of 55 much greater proportions, in particular Triton also has the capacity to be 000 feet, flying missions of more than 24 with regard to icing. Triton is therefore equipped with extra sensors according to hours’ duration, surveying a million square equipped with a de-icing system, which the requirements of the customer. The craft kilometres in one assignment. The craft is important for any aircraft supposed to can for instance carry sensors dedicated to has a range of no less than 15 000 clicks, operate in cold ocean areas. The Triton is surveillance of land areas, or with special enabling it to cover the entire Norwegian also strengthened in the front and along submarine-sensing detectors. Triton is on economic zone at sea in just 14 hours. A the wings’ leading edges against hail- the other hand not equipped or designed Triton UAV based at the Andøya or Evenes storms, which are capable of inflicting to perform air space surveillance. Air Station has the capability of flying to massive damage to planes. Many countries also use large UAV’s the Mediterranean or North Africa to do for environmental surveillance. The US surveillance flights, staying in the area for Sensors aerospace administration agency NASA 5-6 hours, before returning to its base in The main sensor on the Triton is of course has conducted flights with the Global the far north of Norway. the radar, with its 360 degree coverage. At Hawk in the Arctic to monitor the melt- Operating at 50 to 55,000 feet, 55,000 feet, the diameter of the covered down of oceanic ice. During one of these the Triton soars well above all civilian surface image will be from 290 to 300 flights, dust coming from the Gobi desert air traffic, which rarely ventures above a nautical miles, or a swath 550 kms (340 was discovered near the North Pole. Like ceiling of 35 to 39,000 feet. miles) wide. the Global Hawk, Triton can be used to At these altitudes, the Triton will This means that a Triton flying in provide governmental agencies with in- also rise above the majority of all weather the Barents sea will provide radar coverage formation on natural disasters and major problems, such as windstorms, icing and of the whole passage from Finnmark, the accidents. The Global Hawk has for in- precipitation. But since the main purpose northern part of main land Norway and all stance been useful in charting the devel- of the Triton is that of maritime surveil- the up to the arctic archipelago of Svalbard.

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