Sample History Paper
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Thuringia Focus
August 2021 Thuringia Focus. Intercord dedicates new R&D center Mühlhausen has long been a produc- tion hub for technical yarns, espe- cially for the automotive industry. Its footprint is now set to grow: A new development center was officially com- missioned on Intercord’s Mühlhausen premises in mid-June. The company en- larged the research department, too. Intercord will conduct tests at the new development center, while customers and suppliers will have an opportuni- ty to perform material testing of their At the laying of the foundation stone for the new building of Carlisle in Waltershausen. Photo: Carlisle own. Intercord’s Managing Director Ra- mazan Yasbay believes the center will provide a comprehensive overview of On the growth track: US investor Carlisle the products and materials that custo- mers want. The CEO described the sale expands operations in Thuringia of the company last October to US- based Beaver Manufacturing Company (BMC) as a “lucky thing” and called the Plastics specialist Carlisle is growing 25 new jobs and increase the Thuringian family-owned company a good choice. and investing around EUR 50 million in site’s total internal area to 17,000 square Electric mobility, too, is an important a new production facility in Waltershau- meters. The company will also buy new issue for Intercord. New engines will sen, Thuringia. The expansion is proof equipment for producing its special wa- mean new requirements for technical positive that Thuringia’s excellent site terproofing membranes. These products fibers. The company and its 90 em- conditions and all-round service make a are a runaway success since they can be ployees appear well prepared. -
Open Etoth Dissertation Corrected.Pdf
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School The College of Arts and Architecture FROM ACTIVISM TO KIETISM: MODERIST SPACES I HUGARIA ART, 1918-1930 BUDAPEST – VIEA – BERLI A Dissertation in Art History by Edit Tóth © 2010 Edit Tóth Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 2010 The dissertation of Edit Tóth was reviewed and approved* by the following: Nancy Locke Associate Professor of Art History Dissertation Adviser Chair of Committee Sarah K. Rich Associate Professor of Art History Craig Zabel Head of the Department of Art History Michael Bernhard Associate Professor of Political Science *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School ii ABSTRACT From Activism to Kinetism: Modernist Spaces in Hungarian Art, 1918-1930. Budapest – Vienna – Berlin investigates modernist art created in Central Europe of that period, as it responded to the shock effects of modernity. In this endeavor it takes artists directly or indirectly associated with the MA (“Today,” 1916-1925) Hungarian artistic and literary circle and periodical as paradigmatic of this response. From the loose association of artists and literary men, connected more by their ideas than by a distinct style, I single out works by Lajos Kassák – writer, poet, artist, editor, and the main mover and guiding star of MA , – the painter Sándor Bortnyik, the polymath László Moholy- Nagy, and the designer Marcel Breuer. This exclusive selection is based on a particular agenda. First, it considers how the failure of a revolutionary reorganization of society during the Hungarian Soviet Republic (April 23 – August 1, 1919) at the end of World War I prompted the Hungarian Activists to reassess their lofty political ideals in exile and make compromises if they wanted to remain in the vanguard of modernity. -
178 Chapter 6 the Closing of the Kroll: Weimar
Chapter 6 The Closing of the Kroll: Weimar Culture and the Depression The last chapter discussed the Kroll Opera's success, particularly in the 1930-31 season, in fulfilling its mission as a Volksoper. While the opera was consolidating its aesthetic identity, a dire economic situation dictated the closing of opera houses and theaters all over Germany. The perennial question of whether Berlin could afford to maintain three opera houses on a regular basis was again in the air. The Kroll fell victim to the state's desire to save money. While the closing was not a logical choice, it did have economic grounds. This chapter will explore the circumstances of the opera's demise and challenge the myth that it was a victim of the political right. The last chapter pointed out that the response of right-wing critics to the Kroll was multifaceted. Accusations of "cultural Bolshevism" often alternated with serious appraisal of the strengths and weaknesses of any given production. The right took issue with the Kroll's claim to represent the nation - hence, when the opera tackled works by Wagner and Beethoven, these efforts were more harshly criticized because they were perceived as irreverent. The scorn of the right for the Kroll's efforts was far less evident when it did not attempt to tackle works crucial to the German cultural heritage. Nonetheless, political opposition did exist, and it was sometimes expressed in extremely crude forms. The 1930 "Funeral Song of the Berlin Kroll Opera", printed in the Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, may serve as a case in point. -
Decision Taken in Closed Architectural Competition for the Bauhaus- Archiv / Museum Für Gestaltung, Berlin Berlin, 23 October 2015
Press release Decision taken in closed architectural competition for the Bauhaus- Archiv / Museum für Gestaltung, Berlin Berlin, 23 October 2015. The winner of the closed competition for the ‘Bauhaus-Archiv / Museum for Gestaltung, Berlin’, announced in June 2015 by the Senate Administration for Urban Develop- ment and the Environment, has been decided following a two-day meeting of the jury on 21 and 22 October 2015. The jury has awarded the first prize to the design submitted by Berlin architect Volker Staab and has recommended that the design should be implemented. Senate Director of Urban Development Regula Lüscher: ‘Volker Staab has given us a design that will cause a sensation. It has an attractively modest quality and it will complete the landscape ensemble of the Villa von der Heydt and the Walter Gropius building. An open, flexible museum setting will be created that upholds the experimentational quality of the Bauhaus idea. It will attract people to meet up there, exchange views and rediscover the many different aspects of the Bauhaus idea. A lantern shining in the night will be created, a glittering gem on the new square with a view opening onto the Landwehrkanal. The lower-lying courtyard will form the heart of the complex, enabling the existing building to enter into dialogue with the new one.’ The Minister of State for Culture, Monika Grütters, comments on the result: ‘I am delighted that Volker Staab, who already has an established reputation in the field of museum architecture – in Bayreuth and Münster, for example – has now presented a convincing design for Berlin as well. -
Energy and Environmental Technologies. Environmental Protection, Resource Efficiency, Green Tech – Key Technologies Made in Thuringia
09/2015 Energy and Environmental Technologies. Environmental protection, resource efficiency, green tech – key technologies made in Thuringia. Thuringian companies are among the world‘s leading providers of state-of-the-art power and environmental technologies: from conventional environmental protection and renewable energies to up-to-date technologies allowing an increase in energy efficiency. Quality made in Thuringia is in big demand, especially in waste Thuringia‘s energy and environmental technology processing, water and wastewater treatment, air pollution con- industry at a glance: trol, revitalization and renewable energies. By working closely > 366 companies with research institutions in these fields, Thuringia‘s companies > 5 research institutes can fully exploit their potential for growth. > 7 universities > leading engineering service providers in disciplines Proportion of companies such as industrial plant construction, hydrogeology, environmental geology and utilities (Source: In-house calculations according to LEG Industry/Technology Information Service, > market and technology leaders such as ENERCON, July 2013, N = 366 companies, multiple choices possible) Siemens and Vattenfall Seize the opportunities that our region offers. Benefit from a prime location in Europe’s heartland, highly skilled workers and a world-class research infrastructure. We provide full-service support for any investment project – from site search to project implementation and future expansions. Please contact us. www.invest-in-thuringia.de/en/top-industries/ environmental-technologies/ Skilled specialists – the keystone of success. Thuringia invests in the training and professional development of skilled workers so that your company can develop green, energy-efficient solutions for tomorrow. This maintains the competitiveness of Thuringian companies in these times of global climate change. -
Section 6 Language Corrected SN(1)
The Socio-Cultural Conditions of the Avant-Gardes in Finland in the 1920s and 1930s Stefan Nygård Abstract As a geopolitically strategic and newly independent country recovering from the trauma of a civil war in 1918, the socio-cultural constraints on artistic freedom were considerable in Finland between the wars. Art and literature were to a varying extent connected to political projects on the left or the right. Leading critics played a key role in the negotiations between art, politics and ideology. Few artists or writers, however, adjusted uncritically to external ideological demands. Those that challenged the subordination of art to political agendas or the national imperative often relied on the accumulation of symbolic capital abroad. With its separation from Russia in the winter of 1917–1918, and a civil war that involved active participation from German and Russian troops, Finland was more directly affected by World War I than its Scandinavian neighbours. The climate of post-war cultural and intellectual debate was partly determined by the violent beginning of independence, in addition to the increasingly totalising claims of the state throughout Europe between the wars. At the time Finland was a semi-democratic country with relative freedom of expression. Socialist parties were only partially tolerated, and approximately 4,000 people were sentenced in the so-called communist trials between 1919 and 1944 (Björne 2007: 498–499). Besides the tension between east and west and “red” and “white”, linguistic struggles between Finnish and Swedish added to the disintegrating forces. In the context of a desperate search for national unity and political stability in what is sometimes called the “white republic”, there was limited tolerance for the kind of radical questioning of core values in liberal bourgeois society that was common among the early twentieth-century avant-gardes. -
Welcome to the Heart of Europe Find out | Invest | Reap the Benefits More Than 2,800 Advertising Boards in 16 German Cities Promoted Erfurt in 2014/2015
Welcome to the heart of Europe Find out | Invest | Reap the benefits More than 2,800 advertising boards in 16 German cities promoted Erfurt in 2014/2015. The confident message of this campaign? Erfurt is growing and continues to develop at a rapid pace. Inhalt Contents A city at the heart of the action. Erfurt is growing 2 In the heart of Germany. Location and transport links 4 A growing city. Projects for the future 6 Reinventing the heart of the city. ICE-City Erfurt 8 On fertile soil. Industry in Erfurt 10 Already bearing fruit. Leading companies 12 A region ready for take-off. The Erfurt economic area 16 A meeting place in the heart of Europe. Conferences and conventions 18 A passion for teaching and research. Campus Thuringia 20 A city to capture your heart. Life in Erfurt 24 Welcome to Erfurt. Advice and contact details 28 | 1 Erfurt is growing A city at the heart of the action. Land area of Erfurt: 269 km2 2 | Erfurt is growing Erfurt is going places! It’s not for nothing that the Cologne Insti- Most of the old town has been restored The many companies that have moved tute for Economic Research named Erfurt and combines medieval charm with the to Erfurt in recent years are making this among the ten most dynamic cities in buzz of an urban centre. possible. Germany in its 2014 rankings. You can see Erfurt, the regional capital of Thuringia, the changes everywhere and sense a spirit is a prime hotspot for development and, ‘Erfurt is growing’ is therefore the confi- of dynamism: all kinds of housing projects as such, offers the many young people who dent message that is currently being heard are being built across the city, new hotels choose to settle here excellent prospects all over Germany. -
Historical Aspects of Thuringia
Historical aspects of Thuringia Julia Reutelhuber Cover and layout: Diego Sebastián Crescentino Translation: Caroline Morgan Adams This publication does not represent the opinion of the Landeszentrale für politische Bildung. The author is responsible for its contents. Landeszentrale für politische Bildung Thüringen Regierungsstraße 73, 99084 Erfurt www.lzt-thueringen.de 2017 Julia Reutelhuber Historical aspects of Thuringia Content 1. The landgraviate of Thuringia 2. The Protestant Reformation 3. Absolutism and small states 4. Amid the restauration and the revolution 5. Thuringia in the Weimar Republic 6. Thuringia as a protection and defense district 7. Concentration camps, weaponry and forced labor 8. The division of Germany 9. The Peaceful Revolution of 1989 10. The reconstitution of Thuringia 11. Classic Weimar 12. The Bauhaus of Weimar (1919-1925) LZT Werra bridge, near Creuzburg. Built in 1223, it is the oldest natural stone bridge in Thuringia. 1. The landgraviate of Thuringia The Ludovingian dynasty reached its peak in 1040. The Wartburg Castle (built in 1067) was the symbol of the Ludovingian power. In 1131 Luis I. received the title of Landgrave (Earl). With this new political landgraviate groundwork, Thuringia became one of the most influential principalities. It was directly subordinated to the King and therefore had an analogous power to the traditional ducats of Bavaria, Saxony and Swabia. Moreover, the sons of the Landgraves were married to the aristocratic houses of the European elite (in 1221 the marriage between Luis I and Isabel of Hungary was consummated). Landgrave Hermann I. was a beloved patron of art. Under his government (1200-1217) the court of Thuringia was transformed into one of the most important centers for cultural life in Europe. -
The Napoleon Series
The Napoleon Series Officers of the Anhalt Duchies who Fought in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, 1789-1815: Harsleben, [?] By Daniel Clarke Harsleben, whose first names could not be found, was most likely born in either the Principality of Anhalt-Dessau or Anhalt-Köthen during the latter part of the eighteenth century. No information could be found about his family relationships, or military service before or during the early part of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, if indeed he was in service at this time. Harsleben first appears in the records during the first two months of 1814. He had the rank of an Oberleutnant (1st Lieutenant) and commanded what is referred to as the Anhalt Freiwilliger Jäger Detachment, or the Anhalt-Dessau Freiwilliger Jäger Korps. This small unit had no more than 50 men and was formed during February 1814. Some of the recruits came from the Anhalt-Dessau-Köthen Jäger Battalion, which had been organised in the spring and summer of 1813 by the Allies from former prisoners of war under the command of a Major Krohn, a Russian. These experienced soldiers from its scharfschützen detachment stiffened the ranks of the volunteers who made up most of the company. It is possible that Harsleben was one of these men from the Anhalt-Dessau-Köthen Jäger Battalion, or perhaps an officer from the Anhalt-Dessau Gendarmerie who volunteered for the command, as he wanted to see frontline, active service. Either way, being mostly a unit of volunteers, the soldiers actually had to purchase their own weapons and they seem to have chosen to arm themselves with the short, German scharfschützen rifle first manufactured in 1790. -
Heartland of German History
Travel DesTinaTion saxony-anhalT HEARTLAND OF GERMAN HISTORY The sky paThs MAGICAL MOMENTS OF THE MILLENNIA UNESCo WORLD HERITAGE AS FAR AS THE EYE CAN SEE www.saxony-anhalt-tourism.eu 6 good reasons to visit Saxony-Anhalt! for fans of Romanesque art and Romance for treasure hunters naumburg Cathedral The nebra sky Disk for lateral thinkers for strollers luther sites in lutherstadt Wittenberg Garden kingdom Dessau-Wörlitz for knights of the pedal for lovers of fresh air elbe Cycle route Bode Gorge in the harz mountains The Luisium park in www.saxony-anhalt-tourism.eu the Garden Kingdom Dessau-Wörlitz Heartland of German History 1 contents Saxony-Anhalt concise 6 Fascination Middle Ages: “Romanesque Road” The Nabra Original venues of medieval life Sky Disk 31 A romantic journey with the Harz 7 Pomp and Myth narrow-gauge railway is a must for everyone. Showpieces of the Romanesque Road 10 “Mona Lisa” of Saxony-Anhalt walks “Sky Path” INForMaTive Saxony-Anhalt’s contribution to the history of innovation of mankind holiday destination saxony- anhalt. Find out what’s on 14 Treasures of garden art offer here. On the way to paradise - Garden Dreams Saxony-Anhalt Of course, these aren’t the only interesting towns and destinations in Saxony-Anhalt! It’s worth taking a look 18 Baroque music is Central German at www.saxony-anhalt-tourism.eu. 8 800 years of music history is worth lending an ear to We would be happy to help you with any questions or requests regarding Until the discovery of planning your trip. Just call, fax or the Nebra Sky Disk in 22 On the road in the land of Luther send an e-mail and we will be ready to the south of Saxony- provide any assistance you need. -
Frankfurt Rhine-Ruhr Metropole Berlin 2012
Frankfurt Rhine-Ruhr Metropole Berlin 2012 SATURDAY ICAM 16 CONFERENCE IS HOSTED BY: SEPTEMBER 1, 2012 Deutsches Architekturmuseum (DAm) Schaumainkai 43, 60596 Frankfurt Tel: +49 (0)69 212 36 706; Fax: +49 (0)69 212 36 386 www.dam-online.de Peter Cachola Schmal, Director [email protected]; mobile: +49 (0)170 85 95 840 Wolfgang Voigt, Deputy Director [email protected]; mobile: +49 (0)162 61 65 677 Inge Wolf, Head of Archive [email protected] Peter Körner [email protected]; mobile: +49 (0)177 78 88 869 MUseUM FÜR ArchitektUR Und INGenieUrkUnst NRW (m:Ai) Leithestraße 33, 45886 Gelsenkirchen Tel: +49 (0)209 92 57 80; Fax: +49 (0)209 31 98 111 www.mai-nrw.de Dr. ursula kleefisch-Jobst, Director [email protected]; mobile: +49 (0)177 58 60 210 Peter Köddermann, Project Managment [email protected]; mobile: +49 (0)177 58 60 211 Akademie Der künste (AdK) Pariser Platz 4, 10117 Berlin Tel: +49 (0)30 20 05 70; Fax: +49 (0)30 20 05 71 702 www.adk.de Dr. eva-maria Barkhofen, Head of Architectural Archive [email protected]; mobile: +49 (0)176 46 686 386 OFFICIAL TRAVEL AGENCY: AGentUR ZeitsprUNG Kokerei Zollverein, Tor 3, Arendahlswiese, 45141 Essen Tel: +49 (0)201 28 95 80; Fax: +49 (0)201 28 95 818 www.zeitsprung-agentur.de Contact person: Anne Brosk [email protected]; mobile: +49 (0)179 51 64 504 2 SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 1, 2012 PRE-CONFERENCE TOUR DAM 13.00 – 17.00 REGISTRATION / MARKET PLACE 14.00 DEPARTURE BY BUS FROM THE DAM 14.20 – 15.30 FARBWERKE HOECHST ADMINISTRATION BUILDING by Peter Behrens, 1920 – 1924 With bridge and tower, the former administration building of the Hoechst AG is a master piece of expressionist architecture. -
Economy, Science and Information HWWI – the Think Tank for Progress in Research, Economy and Society
Economy, Science and Information HWWI – the think tank for progress in research, economy and society Hamburg Institute of Knowledge for the scientific and HWWI – non-profit, collaborative, International Economics (HWWI) business communities, policy Hanseatic, private makers and the general public The Hamburg Institute of International The HWWI is a non-profit, limited liability Economics (HWWI) is an independent The HWWI’s expertise is directed at all who company (gemeinnützige GmbH) under research institute which specialises in the aim to integrate practical economic research German law. The joint shareholders of the early recognition and interdisciplinary analysis into their reasoning and decision making institute are the University of Hamburg and of key economic, societal and political trends. processes: scientific, economic and political the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce. Other players, the media as well as a large public longstanding partners of the institute include The HWWI uses its theoretical and applied increasingly aware of the necessity for a the Berenberg Bank, the Bucerius Law School, research expertise to offer scientifically sound sound and constructive approach. the Hamburger Sparkasse (Haspa), the HSH and practical consultancy services. In addition Nordbank Group and the Nordcapital Group. to its economic research activities, the HWWI In order to satisfy the growing demand from In addition, the institute relies on project- is involved in the teaching and the further individuals and various sectors, the HWWI specific as well as independent support from academic qualification of young economists. offers a comprehensive range of publications private sponsors, patrons, grants and public and information services. These include institutions. The HWWI operates four research periodicals, a series of research and policy- programmes: oriented publications as well as economic Aside from the head office in Hamburg, the - Economic Trends policy expertise.