DOCSLIB.ORG

Odule Assembler V1.5 – 2018

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Odule Assembler V1.5 – 2018 [M]ultiple [P]rocessor [M]odule Assembler V1.5 – 2018 MMMMM MMMMM PPPPPPPPPPPPP MMMMM MMMMM MMMMMM MMMMMM PPPPPPPPPPPPPPP MMMMMM MMMMMM MMMMMMMMMMMMMMM PPPP PPPP MMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMM MMMMM MMMM PPPPPPPPPPPP MMMM MMMMM MMMM MMMM MMMM PPPP MMMM MMMM MMMM MMMM PPPP MMMM MMMM MMMMMM MMMMMM PPPPPP MMMMMM MMMMMM https://gitlab.com/bits4fun/mpm 1 Contents Introduction 7 History 7 Future Mpm developments (V2.x) 8 Compiling Mpm from source code 8 Using Qt Creator 8 Using Mingw on Windows 8 Using Make & GCC on Unix platforms 8 Runtime library dependencies 8 Installing Mpm from binary application package 8 Windows XP and newer 8 MAC OSX 8 Linux 9 Mpm filename patterns 9 Source code 9 Error files 9 Object files 9 Static library files 9 Executable files 9 Listing files 9 Source code symbol files 9 Label address (of executable code) map files 9 Exported global label address files 9 Instructing the assembler on the command shell 9 Syntax overview 9 Display syntax of available options and features 10 Getting Mpm help from man pages (Unix only) 10 Specify to disable an option 10 Grouping of enabling/disabling options 10 Compiling sources as object files without linking 10 Create object files, always 10 Creating a static linkable library of modules 10 Compiling sources to executable code 10 First filename is template for compiled output files 10 Split executable code into 16K segments (Z80 only) 11 Creating a CRC-32 checksum of executable code 11 Creating a SHA-256 checksum of executable code 11 Creating Intel Hex output of executable code 11 Linking executable code with calls from a static library 11 Compile only updated source code 11 Using a project file for executable code and libraries 11 Defining source code dependency files (includes) 11 Creating listing files 11 Creating executable address map file 11 2 Exporting global address labels as definition file 11 Change default assembly source file extension 11 Change default object file extension 11 Specify file system search path for INCLUDE directive 11 Specify file system search path for static libraries 11 Specify base address of executable code (ORG) 12 Create address-independent executable code (Z80 only) 12 Override default executable code filename 12 Pre-defined boolean true symbols for source code 12 Enable external line number mode (for LINE directive) 12 Display Mpm's version information 12 Mpm version information for scripts 12 Verbose information while compiling 12 Mpm's use of operating system environment variables 12 MPM_INCLUDEPATH 12 MPM_LIBPATH 12 MPM_STDLIBRARY 12 Macros 12 Introduction 13 Using macros 13 Macro definition 13 Rules of macro definition 13 Macro definition syntax 14 Macro call 14 Macro expansion 15 Macro default parameter arguments 15 Examples 15 Assembler Directive Reference 16 ALIGN 17 ASCII 17 ASCIIZ 17 BINARY 17 BYTE 17 DB 17 DC 17 DEFB 17 DEFC 17 DEFGROUP 17 DEFINE 17 DEFL 17 DEFM 17 DEFMZ 17 DEFP 17 DEFS 18 DEFSYM 18 DEFVARS 18 DEFW 18 3 DL 18 DM 18 DMZ 18 DP 18 DS 18 DV 18 ENUM 18 EQU 18 ERROR 18 EXTERN 18 GLOBAL 19 IF – ELSE - ENDIF 19 INCLUDE 19 LIB 19 LIBRARY 19 LINE 19 LONG 19 LSTOFF 19 LSTON 19 MACRO 19 MODULE 19 ORG 19 SPACE 19 STRING 19 UNDEFINE 19 VARAREA 20 WORD 20 XDEF 20 XLIB 20 XREF 20 Assembler Function Reference 21 $DAY 21 $EVAL 21 $HOUR 21 $LINKADDR 21 $MINUTE 21 $MONTH 21 $MPMVERSION 21 $PC (and $ as program counter) 21 $SECOND 21 $YEAR 21 Z80 CPU Instruction set implementation 22 Optional Z80 mnemonic instruction syntax 22 Using [] as alternate for expression brackets 22 The undocumented Z80 instructions 22 Supporting address-independent executable code 23 Appendix 26 4 Mpm Object file format 26 The standard platform identifier symbol 27 5 Copyright Copyright (C) 1991-2018, Gunther Strube, [email protected] This document is part of Mpm. Mpm is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version. Mpm is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with Mpm; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. 1 Introduction The Mpm Macro Cross Assembler currently supports compilation of Zilog Z80 CPU assembly language and is able to run on any major OS performing cross-compilation of assembly source code files into Z80 CPU executable binaries. Mpm is an assembler and linker combined as one tool. Mpm is available on all major operating system platforms such as Windows, Mac OS X and Linux, also supporting embedded platforms such as the Raspberry Pi. Mpm is implemented in Ansi-C supporting executables on 32bit and 64bit architectures. It is designed to be a multi-platform tool, automatically handling file naming conventions and correct code generation, byte ordering, no matter which architecture it is being executed on. Mpm is designed as an easy command line interface compiling source files into stand-alone applications. Mpm assists the assembly language programmer with these typical high-level features: Mpm as a command line shell tool, usually integrated into scripts for projects assembler and (static) linking functionality integrated as one tool include file referencing project-oriented modularized source code organisation macros as a way to inline grouped assembly instructions or data-structures support for defining meta data structures project source file-level dependencies compile only updated sources generate object files and libraries for static application linking Z80 CPU code generation Mpm has been designed with the focus on flexibility and extensibility and is available as Open Source through the GPL v2 license. This document provides all information about Mpm assembler functionality thoroughly explained with examples. This document also provides a reference for easy access to command line options and directives and assembler source code 6 directives. 1.1 H istory Mpm was originally written in SuperBasic running on a Sinclair QL in 1991 to assist the ​ ​ development of Cambridge Z88 applications (compiling code on the QL and transfer the executable binaries to Z88 via serial port). At the time, only proprietary (and very pricey for a Z88 enthusiast) Z80 assembler tools were provided by Cambridge Computer, the company selling the Cambridge Z88 portable computer. The idea was to create a complete development toolset, available for free, enabling the community to make applications for the Cambridge Z88. It was later ported to Lattice C using the Sinclair QL's C68 C compiler. The final port was done ​ ​ to Ansi C to allow easier compilation on more platforms, beginning with MS DOS and Linux/Unix. After a couple of years, "z80asm" was adopted by the Z88dk (Small-C) project for ​ ​ being the final step of executable code generation to the Small-C compiler on Z80-based systems. z80asm has since then been improved vastly to be a perfect companion for the Small-C compiler tool-chain. Around 1996, z80asm was forked into Mpm as becoming a more CPU-agnostic assembly language compiler tool. A proof-of-concept were done for the Sony PlayStation 2 hacker community in Denmark, generating Mips R5900 CPU code. This implementation was never released to the public, yet the internal optimisations of data structures and algorithms, general source code & expression parsing and 64bit code generation – were re-integrated for the Z80 CPU target. Mpm has since then been the core tool for the Cambridge Z88 development project on Sourceforge and now on cambridgez88.jira.com and continues to be ​ ​ fine-tuned for today's 64bit operating systems. 1.2 F uture Mpm developments (V2.x) Mpm currently supports it's own object file format and code generation for the Z80 CPU. Future releases will support ELF binary executable output for Z80, Arm (Raspberry Pi as first target) & ​ ​ Mips CPU's (r5900 as first target). 2 Compiling Mpm from source code The source code of Mpm packaged as Zip or Tar.gz can be downloaded from here: 2.1 Using Qt Creator ... 2.2 Using Mingw on Windows ... 2.3 Using Make & GCC on Unix platforms ... 2.4 Runtime library dependencies ... 7 3 Installing Mpm from binary application package Mpm is a command line tool and as such you decide where to install the executable and ensure that it is available via the operating system program search PATH. Mpm is run via a command line shell and is typically integrated into scripts. Installation packages have been provided for all major platforms. 3.1 Windows XP and newer … 3.2 MAC OSX … 3.3 Linux ... 4 Mpm filename patterns 4.1 Source code … 4.2 Error files … 4.3 Object files … 4.4 Static library files … 4.5 Executable files … 4.6 Listing files … 4.7 Source code symbol files ... 4.8 Label address (of executable code) map files … 4.9 Exported global label address files ... 8 5 Instructing the assembler on the command shell Mpm is executed using the operating system standard command line environment (CLI). On Unix platforms this will be a terminal shell such as Bash. On Windows platforms, it is identified ​ ​ as the command prompt also known as the MS-DOS prompt. 5.1 Syntax overview When executing the assembler from the command line without options, i.e. mpm<ENTER>, a ​ ​ help page is automatically displayed where after control is returned to the operating system command line.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Developing for the ZX-Uno
    MANUAL Author: Manu (April 2016) Last major revision: Uto (July 2016) Last minor revision: 1024MAK (September 2016) Send your feedback to @uto_dev o utodev en gmail.com DISCLAIMER: PLEASE BE AWARE THAT ANY INFORMATION YOU MAY FIND IN THIS MANUAL MAY BE INACCURATE, MISLEADING AND EVEN DANGEROUS. USE IT AT YOUR OWN RISK. THIS MANUAL IS NOT ENDORSED OR RELATED WITH THE ZX-UNO TEAM. Contents Part I - Introduction ................................................................................................................ 4 What is the ZX-Uno? ............................................................................................................. 4 Fast setup ............................................................................................................................... 5 Preparing the SD card ............................................................................................................ 8 Loading games ....................................................................................................................... 8 Compatibility issues ............................................................................................................... 8 Part II – Technical Guide ...................................................................................................... 10 Connections and peripherals ................................................................................................ 10 TV or display unit ...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Graph Decomposition in Routing and Compilers
    Graph Decomposition in Routing and Compilers Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften vorgelegt beim Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität in Frankfurt am Main von Philipp Klaus Krause aus Mainz Frankfurt 2015 (D 30) 2 vom Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität als Dissertation angenommen Dekan: Gutachter: Datum der Disputation: Kapitel 0 Zusammenfassung 0.1 Schwere Probleme effizient lösen Viele auf allgemeinen Graphen NP-schwere Probleme (z. B. Hamiltonkreis, k- Färbbarkeit) sind auf Bäumen einfach effizient zu lösen. Baumzerlegungen, Zer- legungen von Graphen in kleine Teilgraphen entlang von Bäumen, erlauben, dies zu effizienten Algorithmen auf baumähnlichen Graphen zu verallgemeinern. Die Baumähnlichkeit wird dabei durch die Baumweite abgebildet: Je kleiner die Baumweite, desto baumähnlicher der Graph. Die Bedeutung der Baumzerlegungen [61, 113, 114] wurde seit ihrer Ver- wendung in einer Reihe von 23 Veröffentlichungen von Robertson und Seymour zur Graphminorentheorie allgemein erkannt. Das Hauptresultat der Reihe war der Beweis des Graphminorensatzes1, der aussagt, dass die Minorenrelation auf den Graphen Wohlquasiordnung ist. Baumzerlegungen wurden in verschiede- nen Bereichen angewandt. So bei probabilistischen Netzen[89, 69], in der Bio- logie [129, 143, 142, 110], bei kombinatorischen Problemen (wie dem in Teil II) und im Übersetzerbau [132, 7, 84, 83] (siehe Teil III). Außerdem gibt es algo- rithmische Metatheoreme [31,
    [Show full text]
  • Issue #1 August 2015 Zxzine Table of Contents
    zxzine Issue #1 August 2015 zxzine table of contents Published by: Timothy Swenson [email protected] [email protected] Editorial .......................... 1 ZXzine is published as a service to the Sinclair ZX81 community. Writers are invited to submit articles for publication. Readers The ZX80 and ZX81 are invited to submit article In The USA ........................... 1 ideas. Created using Open Source Tools: Plotting with Z88dk ........................... 5 ­ OpenOffice ­ Scribus ­ Gimp ­ SZ81 ­ EightyOne ZX81 BASIC Compilers ........................... 6 Copyright 2015 Timothy Swenson Drawing a Line ........................... 8 Creative Commons License ­ Attribution ­ Non­Commercial ­ Share­Alike Astronomical Algorithms On You are free: The ZX81 ........................... 9 ­ To copy, distribute, display, and perform the work. MicroSync Services ........................... 10 ­ To make derivitive works. ­ To redistribute the work. Editorial doing right. Ideas for article is invited, along with articles themselves. The topics of articles can be I've been a ZX81 user since the first was advertised anything that is ZX81 related. I'm hoping that the in the United States and used it for a number of ZX81 community will find the e­zine interesting, years, including using it as much as I could in my entertaining and useful. first two years of college. Eventually moved on to the QL, but still liked the ZX81. A few years ago, I had the programming itch and decided to do a little The ZX80 and ZX81 assembly programming using emulators and ZX81 in the USA cross assemblers. Since then I've touched on C with Z88dk. What I like about the ZX81 is that I don't Sinclair Research Limited have to spend any time worrying about the user interface or making the program pretty.
    [Show full text]
  • Vasm Assembler System
    vasm assembler system Volker Barthelmann, Frank Wille June 2021 i Table of Contents 1 General :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1.1 Introduction ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1.2 Legal :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1.3 Installation :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 2 The Assembler :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3 2.1 General Assembler Options ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3 2.2 Expressions :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 5 2.3 Symbols ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 7 2.4 Predefined Symbols :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 7 2.5 Include Files ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 8 2.6 Macros::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 8 2.7 Structures:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 8 2.8 Conditional Assembly :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 8 2.9 Known Problems ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 9 2.10 Credits ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 9 2.11 Error Messages :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 10 3 Standard Syntax Module ::::::::::::::::::::: 13 3.1 Legal ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 13 3.2 Additional options for this module :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 13 3.3 General Syntax ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 13 3.4 Directives ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 14 3.5 Known Problems::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
    [Show full text]
  • Magazinezx Nº9 Septiembre 2004
    Nº9 – Septiembre 2004 www.speccy.org/magazinezx 3 Editorial. 4 Panorama. 6 Análisis. Cannibal Island, Stack Up, The Island of Dr. Destructo. 10 Al descubierto. Livingstone Supongo. Año II Nº 9 Septiembre 2004 18 Zona WWW. Name the Game. 21 Programacion Z88DK. Creando una aventura conversacional con Z88DK (III). 26 Input. Entrevista a Droy. 28 Opinion. SPECCY TOUR, Un vistazo atrás y otro hacia adelante. Redacción: Santiago Romero (SROMERO). Federico Álvarez (FALVAREZ). Redacción de MAGAZINE ZX Pablo Suau (SIEW). Miguel A. García Prada (DEVIL_NET). Ya estamos aquí de vuelta tras el caluroso mes de agosto, y esperando que todos vosotros hayáis podido disfrutar de unos merecidos días de descanso. Lentamente, todo vuelve a la Ilustración de normalidad y la rutina trata de apoderarse una vez más de nuestras Portada: vidas. Para tratar de evitarlo, os presentamos este nuevo número de vuestra revista Magazine ZX. Juanje Gómez (DEV). En esta entrega tras el lapso estival los contenidos no son demasiado extensos, si bien esperamos que sean de vuestro agrado. Tras el Colaboraciones en consabido repaso a la actualidad en lo referente al Spectrum, este número: analizamos tres juegos no demasiado conocidos, de la mano de FALVAREZ. Tras abrir boca, NÉSTOR LUCAS pone patas arriba todo un Josetxu Malanda clásico como es Livingstone Supongo. (HORACE). SIEW sigue desentrañando los secretos de la herramienta z88dk. En esta entrega completaremos la aventura conversacional de Guybrush SpeccyTourPlayer Threepwood, aprendiendo nuevas funcionalidades que nos serán de gran utilidad a la hora de elaborar nuestros propios programas. Maquetación en PDF En la parte más subjetiva de la publicación, analizamos la web Name The Game, un soplo de aire fresco en el panorama de los sites sobre Álvaro Alea (ALEASOFT) Spectrum.
    [Show full text]
  • Esplorando L'amiga
    h RETROMAGAZINE ANNO 3 - NUMERO 12 PAGINA 2 RetroMagazine EDITORIALE: Il paradosso del RetroComputing Anno 3 - Numero 12 - Un Commodore 64C al Cadmio! - Home Computer Myarc Geneve 9640 - MSX – The Dark Side of 8bit - parte 2 Hanno collaborato a questo numero: - Ghost’n COBOL – parte 3 – I file relative - Antonino Porcino - Mariel Hemingway sul LASER 500 - Giuseppe Frisicaro - RetroMath: Curve, frattali e tartarughe - Ermanno Betori - C portabile e ottimizzato per gli 8-bit – parte 1 - Starfox Mulder - Esplorando l’Amiga - parte 4 - Fabrizio Caruso - LudoProgrammazione su 6502/6510 - Daniele Brahimi - RetroTool: DFM Database 464 (Amstrad CPC) - Francesco Gekido Ken Ugga GIOCHI - Emanuele Bonin - Marco Pistorio - Il richiamo di CTHULHU (Chaosium, 1981, Sandy Petersen) - Giuseppe Fedele - Magnetic Scrolls e The Pawn - Alessandro Paloni| - Jack the nipper II – Coconuts capers - David La Monaca/Cercamon - Inspecteur Z (Buru to Marty Kikiippatsu) - Federico Gori - Eurostriker - Leonardo Vettori - Menace - Giorgio Balestrieri - Angolo Oscurita’ - Burnin’ Rubber - Francesco Fiorentini - RetroGiochiAmo: Rick Dangerous Correva l’anno 1978 Immagine di copertina: Due novita’ in arrivo... Flavio Soldani GENNAIO 2019 - WWW.RETROMAGAZINE.NET IN EVIDENZA IN QUESTO NUMERO Il paradosso del RetroComputing di Francesco Fiorentini Come molti di voi, probabilmente, sono hanno scritto dicendoci che sarebbero anche iscritto a diversi gruppi Facebook che trattano disposti a pagare per avere un prodotto come di Retrocomputing e RetroGaming. Alcuni di RM in formato cartaceo. questi gruppi annoverano tra i loro membri anche migliaia di iscritti, ma fino a qualche Ritengo che le pubblicazioni cartacee abbiano tempo fa avevo notato che molti utenti erano fallito perche’ puntavano molto sull’aspetto silenti o quantomeno ‘distratti’, cioe’ utenti ludico e poco sull’aspetto serio del che visionavano qualche post per poi passare retrocomputing.
    [Show full text]
  • Nextzxos API (Updated 2 Sep 2018)
    NextZXOS API (Updated 2 Sep 2018) This document describes the NextZXOS API, which directly descends from the +3DOS API present in the Sinclair ZX Spectrum +2A/+2B/+3 and the IDEDOS API additionally provided with the ZX Spectrum +3e ROMs. It also describes the provided esxDOS-compatible API, which is compatible with esxDOS 0.8.x, but contains several enhancements. This should be read in conjunction with the other documents: NextBASIC file-related commands and features NextBASIC new commands and features NextZXOS Editor features NextZXOS Unimplemented features A list of updates made to this document is now provided at the end. Page 1 of 81 Available APIs NextZXOS provides 2 distinct and separate APIs: • a +3DOS-compatible API, providing the main NextZXOS API • an esxDOS-compatible API, providing file-based calls for SD card access The +3DOS-compatible API descends directly from the original +3DOS, provided with the Sinclair ZX Spectrum +3/+2A/+2B. The esxDOS-compatible API is provided by a thin layer on top of +3DOS, and is compatible with esxDOS 0.8.x, with some additional facilities such as support for long filenames (LFNs), wildcards in filenames, enhanced dot command features and a low-overhead file streaming facility. Both APIs provide general file-access calls. The esxDOS-compatible API is generally easier to use, but lacks the ability to access files on filesystems which are not FAT16/32 (such as the RAMdisk, and mounted CP/M and +3 disk images). It also lacks some of the more advanced features of the +3DOS- compatible API, such as bank allocation, BASIC command execution and file- browser dialogs.
    [Show full text]
  • 1900 (Parents: 769, Clones: 1131)
    Supported systems: 1900 (parents: 769, clones: 1131) Description [ ] Name [ ] Parent [ ] Year [ ] Manufacturer [ ] Sourcefile [ ] 1200 Micro Computer shmc1200 studio2 1978 Sheen studio2.c (Australia) 1292 Advanced Programmable Video 1292apvs 1976 Radofin vc4000.c System 1392 Advanced Programmable Video 1392apvs 1292apvs 1976 Radofin vc4000.c System 15IE-00-013 ie15 1980 USSR ie15.c 286i k286i ibm5170 1985 Kaypro at.c 3B1 3b1 1985 AT&T unixpc.c 3DO (NTSC) 3do 1991 The 3DO Company 3do.c 3DO (PAL) 3do_pal 3do 1991 The 3DO Company 3do.c 3DO M2 3do_m2 199? 3DO konamim2.c 4004 Nixie Clock 4004clk 2008 John L. Weinrich 4004clk.c 486-PIO-2 ficpio2 ibm5170 1995 FIC at.c 4D/PI (R2000, 20MHz) sgi_ip6 1988 Silicon Graphics Inc sgi_ip6.c 6809 Portable d6809 1983 Dunfield d6809.c 68k Single Board 68ksbc 2002 Ichit Sirichote 68ksbc.c Computer 79152pc m79152pc ???? Mera-Elzab m79152pc.c 800 Junior elwro800 1986 Elwro elwro800.c 9016 Telespiel mtc9016 studio2 1978 Mustang studio2.c Computer (Germany) A5120 a5120 1982 VEB Robotron a51xx.c A5130 a5130 a5120 1983 VEB Robotron a51xx.c A7150 a7150 1986 VEB Robotron a7150.c Aamber Pegasus pegasus 1981 Technosys pegasus.c Aamber Pegasus with pegasusm pegasus 1981 Technosys pegasus.c RAM expansion unit ABC 1600 abc1600 1985 Luxor abc1600.c ABC 80 abc80 1978 Luxor Datorer AB abc80.c ABC 800 C/HR abc800c 1981 Luxor Datorer AB abc80x.c ABC 800 M/HR abc800m abc800c 1981 Luxor Datorer AB abc80x.c ABC 802 abc802 1983 Luxor Datorer AB abc80x.c ABC 806 abc806 1983 Luxor Datorer AB abc80x.c Acorn Electron electron 1983
    [Show full text]
  • Retromagazine 03 Eng.Pdf
    The driving force of retrocomputing SUMMARY The passion that we all share and call “retrocomputing” (including ◊ Interview with Giuseppe Ettore Page 3 perhaps not entirely rightly the term “retrogaming”), like any other Pintus passion, leads us to spend a lot of time in the search for vintage ◊ How to unprotect GW-BASIC Page 6 hardware, original games and software, old and modern accessories programs and peripherals, bibliographic material, programming books and ◊ RetroMath: how to transform an image magazines. Page 9 ◊ FORTH: the secret weapon! Page 15 And yet, guided by this deep passion of ours, we sometimes employ ◊ Minigrafik: a graphical extension for Page 18 resources as precious as time to achieve what we personally (or the Vic-20 BASIC collectively) consider the Holy Grail of retrocomputing. It may be a ◊ Alien Attack! - a new game in Page 22 particular disk-drive, considered rare because few pieces have been put Locomotive Basic on the market in the past, or a unique version of a chip, or even a home ◊ Introduction to ARexx – part 2 computer with a low serial number on the original manufacturer's plate. Page 28 Whatever the object of desire, as for many other forms of collecting, ◊ Cross-programming in C on the Page 32 from the most moderate amateur up to the “serial hoarder”, the fact is Olivetti M20 that we often find ourselves willing to open our wallets and spend lots ◊ Japan 13th episode: Nintendo G&W, Page 38 of money, paradoxically even more money than the initial market price. a challenge to immortality To give you an example,
    [Show full text]
  • Discovering Eastern European Pcs by Hacking Them. Today
    Discovering Eastern European PCs by hacking them. Today Stefano Bodrato, Fabrizio Caruso, Giovanni A. Cignoni Progetto HMR, Pisa, Italy {stefano.bodrato, fabrizio.caruso, giovanni.cignoni}@progettohmr.it Abstract. Computer science would not be the same without personal comput- ers. In the West the so called PC revolution started in the late ’70s and has its roots in hobbyists and do-it-yourself clubs. In the following years the diffusion of home and personal computers has made the discipline closer to many people. A bit later, to a lesser extent, yet in a similar way, the revolution took place also in East European countries. Today, the scenario of personal computing has completely changed, however the computers of the ’80s are still objects of fas- cination for a number of retrocomputing fans who enjoy using, programming and hacking the old “8-bits”. The paper highlights the continuity between yesterday’s hobbyists and today’s retrocomputing enthusiasts, particularly focusing on East European PCs. Be- sides the preservation of old hardware and software, the community is engaged in the development of emulators and cross compilers. Such tools can be used for historical investigation, for example to trace the origins of the BASIC inter- preters loaded in the ROMs of East European PCs. Keywords: 8-bit computers, emulators, software development tools, retrocom- puting communities, hacking. 1 Introduction The diffusion of home and personal computers has made information technology and computer science closer to many people. Actually, it changed the computer industry orienting it towards the consumer market. Today, personal computing is perceived as a set of devices – from smartphones to videogame consoles – made just to be used.
    [Show full text]
  • CP/M Sullo ZX Editoriale
    Periodico di informazione sul mondo Sinclair e Spectrum N°8 Aprile - Maggio 2005 Copyleft 2004 - 2005 Stefano Guida autore ed editore In questo numero: Editoriale 6 - Hardware 1 - CP/M sullo ZX "multipurpose" 2 - Forever demo party 7 - Puzzle-game mania I periodi invernali e primaverili ram. Si parlera' come al solito Come annunciato nel numero 3 - Doors Aqua News 7 - Novità sul fronte sono sempre ricchi di novita' sia delle notizie che sono circolate precedente ci sara' anche un Z88Dk 3 - Un Kempston mouse in ambito software, sia in quello in rete recentemente e ci sara' articolo sul demo party per tutti 7 - QL news e Sinclair hardware. Sono gia' disponibili inoltre un articolo, che personal- "Forever" proprio in occasione meetings 3 - Un lettore ci scrive nuovi giochi pronti ad essere mente reputo molto interes- della sesta edizione che si tiene 8 - Il clone del mese: 3 - Abzac News Elwro scaricati di cui e' stato dedicato sante, riguardante una nota in questo periodo con una in- un ampio spazio all'interno di rivista russa il cui scopo, oltre a tervista a Gasman che gia' 3 - Officine Oniriche 8 - Vignetta, ringraziamenti, sul questo stesso numero. Si par- quello di informare gli utenti conoscerete. Non mi resta altro 4 - Pentagon 1024 e Kay prossimo numero 2005 lera' poi dei nuovi cloni, sempre sulle ultime novita', è favorire lo che augurarvi una buona lettura! potentissimi, per poter apprez- sviluppo di software acquis- 4 - AI Tic Tac Toe zare meglio i giochi che richie- tando programmi e organiz- S.G. 5 - Nuovi giochi dono maggiori quantitativi di zando competizioni.
    [Show full text]
  • Z88 USER Issue 7 the NEW Magazine for Spectrum, Z88 and Emulators
    Z88 USER Issue 7 The NEW magazine for Spectrum, Z88 and Emulators IN THIS ISSUE: New editor drives magazine into the ground ;-) Latest Z88 software reviewed Dennis ‘Pipeview’ Groning interviewed Hacked Off: Jet Set Willy Dissected Spectrum clones from around the world Retro computing - big business muscles in AlchNews Issue 33 CONTENTS 2 CONTENTS & THANKS. Details of the articles I managed to blag for this issue. 3 EDITORIAL. A warm welcome to a new magazine. 4-5 NEWS. What’s happening. 5 WORD ON THE WEB. Some excellent sites. 6-8 BACK TO BASICS. Ken Beer looks at Sound, data and logical operators. 9-10 THE 80-LEC ROM. A new and feature filled ROM image. 11-15 HACKED OFF: JET SET WILLY. Celebrate JSW reaching the Z88 by disassembling it. 16-17 SOLVE THE CRIME. Can you find the solution to this short mystery? 18-21 RIVAL RAGS. A look at other paper based publications you can waste your mo…. Erm, I mean invest in. 22-29 SEND IN THE CLONES. Thought that the Pentagon and Scorpion were the only Spectrum clones? Prepare to be amazed at the ingenuity of Eastern Europeans! 30-31 RETROGAMING. What’s the future of old computing? 32-33 THE DENNIS GRONING INTERVIEW. A peek into the life of this remarkable Z88 programmer. 34 TRADING POST. 35 SUBSCRIPTION and ORDER DETAILS. 36 W.N. Richardson & Co. Advert. THANKS An IMMENSE thank you to the following people: BILL RICHARDSON for getting me to finally move to a paper production - I didn’t want to but it’s too late now! PAUL WHITE, for launching an excellent magazine for me to copy! Excpect legal action forcing us to close! DARREN BRANAGH for starting the Z88 magazine for me! GARRY LANCASTER and DOMINIC MORRIS for their outstanding contributions in keeping the Z88 alive.
    [Show full text]