Lya Valeria Grizzo Serignolli Baco, O Simpósio E O Poeta São Paulo 2017

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Lya Valeria Grizzo Serignolli Baco, O Simpósio E O Poeta São Paulo 2017 UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA, LETRAS E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS DEPARTAMENTO DE LETRAS CLÁSSICAS E VERNÁCULAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM LETRAS CLÁSSICAS Lya Valeria Grizzo Serignolli Baco, o Simpósio e o Poeta São Paulo 2017 UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA, LETRAS E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS DEPARTAMENTO DE LETRAS CLÁSSICAS E VERNÁCULAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM LETRAS CLÁSSICAS Lya Valeria Grizzo Serignolli Baco, o Simpósio e o Poeta Versão corrigida Tese de doutorado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras Clássicas do Departamento de Letras Clássicas e Vernáculas da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo. Financiada pela Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo - FAPESP Orientador: Prof. Dr. Paulo Martins São Paulo 2017 Autorizo a reprodução e divulgação total ou parcial deste trabalho, por qualquer meio convencional ou eletrônico, para fins de estudo e pesquisa, desde que citada a fonte. Catalogação na Publicação Serviço de Biblioteca e Documentação Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo Serignolli, Lya Ss485b Baco, o Simpósio e o Poeta / Lya Serignolli ; orientador Paulo Martins. - São Paulo, 2017. 269 f. Tese (Doutorado)- Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de Letras Clássicas e Vernáculas. Área de concentração: Letras Clássicas. 1. Baco. 2. simpósio. 3. Horácio. 4. imagem. 5. poética. I. Martins, Paulo, orient. II. Título. Nome: Serignolli, Lya V. G. Título: Baco, o simpósio e o poeta Tese de doutorado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras Clássicas do Departamento de Letras Clássicas e Vernáculas da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo. Banca examinadora Prof. Dr. Adriano Machado Ribeiro (FFLCH-USP) Prof. Dr. Alexandre Agnolon (UFOP) Prof. Dr. Fábio Paifer Cairolli (UFF) Prof. Dr. João Batista Toledo Prado (UNESP/Araraquara) Suplentes Prof. Dr. João Angelo Oliva Neto (FFLCH-USP) Prof. Dr. Brunno Vinicius G. Vieira (UNESP/Araraquara) Prof. Dr. Henrique Fortuna Cairus (UFRJ) Prof. Dr. Alexandre Pinheiro Hasegawa (FFLCH-USP) Para Mário Bianco Agradecimentos Agradeço a todos que contribuíram com esta tese de doutorado, que é resultado de quatro anos de pesquisa no Departamento de Letras Clássicas e Vernáculas da FFLCH da Universidade de São Paulo, com períodos de estágios de pesquisa na Princeton University e no King’s College London. Ao longo desse tempo, tive o prazer de conviver com professores, colegas e amigos que ajudaram a tornar o percurso por esta pesquisa mais gratificante. Agradeço ao meu orientador, Professor Paulo Martins, cuja parceria vem desde a iniciação científica. Aos membros das bancas de qualificação e defesa, Professores João Adolfo Hansen, Adriano Machado Ribeiro, Fábio Cairolli, João Batista Toledo Prado e Alexandre Agnolon. Aos professores do Brasil e do exterior que ministraram os cursos de pós-graduação que frequentei: João Angelo Oliva Neto (FFLCH - USP), Alexandre Hasegawa (FFLCH - USP), Marcos Martinho dos Santos (FFLCH - USP), Dennis Feeney (Princeton), Marc Domingo Gygax (Princeton), Fiachra Mac Góráin (University College London) e Caroline Barron (King’s College London). Ao meu supervisor no King’s College London, Professor William Fitzgerald. Ao meu supervisor na Princeton University, Professor Andrew Feldherr. Aos Professores Stephen Harrison (Oxford), Elena Giusti (Cambridge), Kirk Freudenburg (Yale) e Karl Galinsky (Austin-Texas). Aos demais professores e colegas da pós-graduação em Letras Clássicas da Universidade de São Paulo, da Princeton University, do University College London e do King’s College London. Aos colegas do grupo de pesquisa “Imagens da Antiguidade Clássica”, Henrique Fiebig, Melina Rodolpho e Cynthia Dibbern. À FAPESP pela concessão da bolsa de doutorado na Universidade de São Paulo (proc. 2013/07303-9) e pelo apoio financeiro para realização dos estágios de pesquisa no King’s College London (proc. 2015/21921-2) e na Princeton University (proc. 2016/11825-9) e para apresentações e visitas técnicas em universidades, museus e outras instituições de pesquisa no Brasil e no exterior. Sou grata também pelos serviços prestados no The British Museum (Department of Coins and Medals e Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities), na Biblioteca Florestan Fernandes (USP), na Firestone Library (Princeton) e no Institute of Classical Studies Library (Londres). Por fim, à toda minha família, especialmente ao meu esposo, Mário Bianco. Quero beber! cantar asneiras No esto brutal das bebedeiras Que tudo emborca e faz em caco... Evoé Baco! (Manuel Bandeira) Resumo Baco, o Simpósio e o Poeta Recentemente, tem aumentado o interesse acadêmico nas figurações do Baco romano, que, até então, não havia recebido tanta atenção quanto o Dioniso grego. Novos estudos têm mostrado como o repertório dionisíaco proliferou no Período Augustano, produzindo novas metáforas atreladas às transformações sociais, políticas e culturais da época. Horácio, o poeta que mais desenvolveu os temas dionisíacos entre os augustanos, apresenta diversas facetas do deus em diferentes gêneros poéticos, reservando a ele um lugar de destaque em suas Odes. Esta pesquisa preenche uma lacuna nos estudos de poética latina, discutindo questões associadas a Baco e ao simpósio em Horácio, tendo em vista os papéis do deus como herói deificado, divindade simpótica e orgiástica e patrono da poesia, em associação a temas como o amor, a política, a guerra, a patronagem e a composição poética. A tese divide-se em seis capítulos: dois capítulos introdutórios em que são considerados antecedentes e aspectos gerais de Baco e do simpósio, e quatro capítulos com a análise desses temas em Horácio. No terceiro capítulo, o enfoque é sobre o furor dionisíaco como impulso poético. Nos capítulos quatro e cinco, o simpósio - presidido por Líber - é observado como um cenário metafórico em que a persona poética de Horácio relaciona-se com amantes, patronos, poetas e amigos; um lugar onde o vinho combina com política, guerra, amor, amizade e poesia. No capítulo final, são analisadas questões de composição poética associadas ao engenho e ao furor poético dionisíacos. Palavras-chave: poesia augustana, Horácio, imagem, Baco, simpósio, poética Abstract Bacchus, the Symposium and the Poet Recently, scholarly interest in the representations of the Roman Bacchus has increased, which had not received as much attention as the Greek Dionysus. New studies have shown how the dionysiac repertoire proliferated in the Augustan Age, producing new metaphors linked to cultural, social and political transformations that took place in the period. Horace, who is the most prolific of the Augustan poets in the use of dionysiac imagery, presents different aspects of the god in different genres, reserving a special place to him in his Odes. This research fulfills a gap in the studies of Latin poetics, exploring issues associated with Bacchus and the symposium in Horace, considering the god’s roles as deified hero, sympotic and orgiastic divinity and patron of poetry in association with themes such as love, politics, war, patronage and poetic composition. The thesis is divided into six chapters, with two introductory chapters on the antecedents and general aspects of Bacchus and the symposium, and four chapters with an analysis of these themes in Horace. In the third chapter, I investigate the Bacchic enthusiasm as a metaphor for the poetic impulse. In chapters and four and five, I observe the symposium - presided over by Liber - as a metaphorical setting where the poet interacts with lovers, patrons, other poets and friends; a place where wine combines with politics, war, love, friendship and poetry. In the last chapter, I consider issues of poetic composition connected with dionysiac ingenium and poetic furor. Keywords: Augustan poetry, Horace, image, Bacchus, symposium, poetics Sumário Introdução.................................................................................... 1 1. Baco ........................................................................................ 3 1.1. As figurações de Líber ..................................................... 5 1.2. As Dionísias ..................................................................... 16 1.3. A Liberália ....................................................................... 20 1.4. As Bacanais ..................................................................... 30 2. O simpósio ............................................................................. 33 2.1. Os banquetes públicos e privados ................................... 33 2.2. Crenças e costumes simpóticos ....................................... 39 2.3. O consumo de vinho ....................................................... 45 2.4. Música e poesia no simpósio .......................................... 48 2.5. A poesia convivial arcaica .............................................. 51 3. A persona dionisíaca de Horácio ........................................ 55 3.1. Baco como patrono da poesia ......................................... 55 3.2. Os paradoxos da celebração dionisíaca ........................... 61 3.3. Entusiasmo báquico e furor poético ................................ 67 4. Simpósio, vinho e amor ........................................................ 84 4.1. Horácio como amator dionisíaco .................................... 86 5. Baco e patronagem ..............................................................
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