DOCSLIB.ORG

Lab 4.2.3 Tracing Internet Connectivity

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Lab 4.2.3 Tracing Internet Connectivity CCNA Discovery Networking for Home and Small Businesses Lab 4.2.3 Tracing Internet Connectivity Objectives • Use software that shows how data travels through the Internet. • Use the ping utility to test connectivity to a remote network. • Construct a visual map of connectivity from your network to a remote network. Background / Preparation In order to perform this lab, Internet connectivity is required. On a PC, open a web browser to ensure connectivity exists before beginning this lab. This lab has an optional first step of downloading and installing a free program that can be used to determine the path a packet takes through the Internet. This program may be free, but it also may be copyrighted. Also, it may be that you are not permitted on a campus computer to download and install software. Check with the instructor or student assistant if you are unsure. The following resources will be required: • Windows-based computer with Internet connectivity • Ability to download and install freeware software (optional) • Access to the Run command Step 1: (Optional) Download and install a free program a. Open a search engine such as Google (www.google.com), Yahoo (www.yahoo.com), or Search (http://search.com). b. Which words do you think would give you the best result if you are searching for a visual program that allows you to trace how data (a packet) travels through the Internet? Write your search words. ____________________________________________________________________________ c. Type the words you chose in the Search field. Locate and download the software and install it. Normally, the website has a link to the download site or you can click the words “Download” or “Download Now”. When you download any freeware, remember the location on the hard drive, flash drive, or disk media where you saved the program. Write down where the download is saved. ____________________________________________________________________________ d. What is the name of the program you installed? ____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Step 2: Locate web sites a. Using the search engine again, locate five businesses with a web server, which are located in a country different from your own. b. Write the names of the five business web sites. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ All contents are Copyright © 1992–2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 1 of 3 CCNA Discovery Networking for Home and Small Businesses c. Using the search engine again, locate a business in your own country that has a web site that is accessible. d. Write the URL of the web site. An example URL is www.cisco.com. ____________________________________________________________________________ Step 3: (Optional) Use downloaded visual trace route tool a. Using the software you have downloaded and installed, use the tool to determine the path which the packet takes to reach one of the remote country destinations. Each tool normally allows you to type a URL. The program should either list or visually display the path taken by the packet. b. How many hops does the packet take to get from your computer to the destination computer? ___________________________________________________________________________ c. If your tool also provides time information, write down how long it took for the packet to reach the first hop? _______________________________________________________________________ d. Use the tool to determine the path to another foreign country site. e. How many hops does the packet take to get from your computer to the destination computer? ____________________________________________________________________________ f. Use the tool to determine the path to a web site in your own country. g. Was the time it took to reach a web site in your own country shorter or longer? _____________ h. Try to think of an instance where the time it takes to reach a web server in your own country would be longer than it takes to reach another country’s web server? ____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Step 4: Use the tracert command a. Click the Start button, click the Run option, type cmd, and press Enter. An alternate way to get to the command prompt is to click Start > All Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt. b. From the command prompt, type tracert and press Enter. Options that can be used with the tracert command are shown. Items shown in square brackets [ ] are optional. For example, the first option that can be used with the tracert command is –d. If someone was to type tracert –d www.cisco.com, then the command issued to the computer is to trace the route to www.cisco.com, but do not try to resolve IP addresses to names. The target_name parameter is mandatory (it does not have brackets around it) and it is replaced with the destination network. In the previous example of tracert –d www.cisco.com, www.cisco.com is the target_name. c. Which tracert option would be used to designate that only 5 hops could be used to search for the device address on the destination network? _________________________________________ d. Write the full command that would be typed to trace a route to www.cisco.com and instruct the computer to not search for it after seven hops. _______________________________________ e. Using one of the remote country destination addresses (use the same address as the one you used with the visual tool if possible) use the tracert command to determine how many hops it takes to reach the remote web server. Write the number of hops and the destination. ____________________________________________________________________________ f. The tracert command uses Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request messages to determine the path to the final destination. The path displayed is a list of IP addresses assigned to routers that connect to one another to form the path. The ICMP packets contain a value called a All contents are Copyright © 1992–2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 2 of 3 CCNA Discovery Networking for Home and Small Businesses Time To Live (TTL). The TTL value is 30 by default on a Microsoft-based PC and each router through which the packet passes, decrements that value by 1 before sending the packet on to the next router in the path. When the TTL value reaches 0, the router that has the packet sends an ICMP time exceeded message back to the source. The tracert command determines the path by sending the first ICMP echo request message with a TTL of 1 and then increases that TTL value by 1 until the target responds or the maximum number of hops is reached. The path is determined by examining the ICMP time exceed messages that are sent back by routers along the way and by the ICMP echo reply message that is returned from the destination. Routers that do not return the ICMP time exceed messages are shown by a row of asterisks (*). How many hops does your tracert command show that the packet went through? ___________ Step 5: Use the pathping command a. A similar command that can be used on a Windows XP computer is pathping. This command combines the abilities of the tracert command with the ping command. From the command prompt, use the pathping command to determine the IP addresses of the routers used to create the packet path to another foreign country address. An example of the pathping command used to trace the path to Cisco is pathping www.cisco.com. b. How many hops did the pathping command display to your remote destination? ____________________________________________________________________________ c. When do you think that you would ever use a tool like pathping or tracert? ____________________________________________________________________________ Step 6: (Optional) Use the whois function a. Some of the freeware tools include an option to perform a whois function. Whois is a separate program or integrated with a tool similar to tracert or pathping. It displays (and sometimes has a link) who owns the web link of either the destination URL (such as cisco.com) or any of the links along the path. Explore the freeware tool that you have downloaded and installed and determine if it has a whois function. If it does, use it to determine who owns the domain name of one of the previous destinations used. b. Why would you want to use the whois function? _____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Step 7: Reflection With a classmate, compare all of the commands used in this lab. Describe the purpose and benefit of each one. Which do you think is the most useful command? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ All contents are Copyright © 1992–2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 3 of 3 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • LAB MANUAL for Computer Network
    LAB MANUAL for Computer Network CSE-310 F Computer Network Lab L T P - - 3 Class Work : 25 Marks Exam : 25 MARKS Total : 50 Marks This course provides students with hands on training regarding the design, troubleshooting, modeling and evaluation of computer networks. In this course, students are going to experiment in a real test-bed networking environment, and learn about network design and troubleshooting topics and tools such as: network addressing, Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), basic troubleshooting tools (e.g. ping, ICMP), IP routing (e,g, RIP), route discovery (e.g. traceroute), TCP and UDP, IP fragmentation and many others. Student will also be introduced to the network modeling and simulation, and they will have the opportunity to build some simple networking models using the tool and perform simulations that will help them evaluate their design approaches and expected network performance. S.No Experiment 1 Study of different types of Network cables and Practically implement the cross-wired cable and straight through cable using clamping tool. 2 Study of Network Devices in Detail. 3 Study of network IP. 4 Connect the computers in Local Area Network. 5 Study of basic network command and Network configuration commands. 6 Configure a Network topology using packet tracer software. 7 Configure a Network topology using packet tracer software. 8 Configure a Network using Distance Vector Routing protocol. 9 Configure Network using Link State Vector Routing protocol. Hardware and Software Requirement Hardware Requirement RJ-45 connector, Climping Tool, Twisted pair Cable Software Requirement Command Prompt And Packet Tracer. EXPERIMENT-1 Aim: Study of different types of Network cables and Practically implement the cross-wired cable and straight through cable using clamping tool.
    [Show full text]
  • Command-Line IP Utilities This Document Lists Windows Command-Line Utilities That You Can Use to Obtain TCP/IP Configuration Information and Test IP Connectivity
    Guide to TCP/IP: IPv6 and IPv4, 5th Edition, ISBN 978-13059-4695-8 Command-Line IP Utilities This document lists Windows command-line utilities that you can use to obtain TCP/IP configuration information and test IP connectivity. Command parameters and uses are listed for the following utilities in Tables 1 through 9: ■ Arp ■ Ipconfig ■ Netsh ■ Netstat ■ Pathping ■ Ping ■ Route ■ Tracert ARP The Arp utility reads and manipulates local ARP tables (data link address-to-IP address tables). Syntax arp -s inet_addr eth_addr [if_addr] arp -d inet_addr [if_addr] arp -a [inet_address] [-N if_addr] [-v] Table 1 ARP command parameters and uses Parameter Description -a or -g Displays current entries in the ARP cache. If inet_addr is specified, the IP and data link address of the specified computer appear. If more than one network interface uses ARP, entries for each ARP table appear. inet_addr Specifies an Internet address. -N if_addr Displays the ARP entries for the network interface specified by if_addr. -v Displays the ARP entries in verbose mode. -d Deletes the host specified by inet_addr. -s Adds the host and associates the Internet address inet_addr with the data link address eth_addr. The physical address is given as six hexadecimal bytes separated by hyphens. The entry is permanent. eth_addr Specifies physical address. if_addr If present, this specifies the Internet address of the interface whose address translation table should be modified. If not present, the first applicable interface will be used. Pyles, Carrell, and Tittel 1 Guide to TCP/IP: IPv6 and IPv4, 5th Edition, ISBN 978-13059-4695-8 IPCONFIG The Ipconfig utility displays and modifies IP address configuration information.
    [Show full text]
  • Lesson E19 En. Internet Troubleshooting, Disturbances, Maintenance
    Leonardo da Vinci Programme – Project RO/03/B/P/PP175006 LESSON E19_EN. INTERNET TROUBLESHOOTING, DISTURBANCES, MAINTENANCE. Parent Entity: IPA SA, Bucharest, Romania, 167 bis, Calea Floreasca; Fax: + 40 21 316 16 20 Authors: Gheorghe Mincu Sandulescu, University Professor Dr., IPA SA, Bucharest, Romania, 167 bis, Calea Floreasca, Mariana Bistran, Principal Researcher, IPA SA, Bucharest, Romania, 167 bis, Calea Floreasca, e-mail: [email protected]. Consultations: Every working day between 9.00 a.m. and 12.00 p.m. After studying this lesson, you will acquire the following knowledge: Understanding the troubleshooting methodology and procedures. Ethical, economic and managerial aspects of the troubleshooting activities. Essential diagnosis tools for troubleshooting and their mode of use. The control of connectivity through the use of powerful and simple to apply troubleshooting tools. The use of the Microsoft ©®WINDOWS environment for troubleshooting. The use of elements from the Unix / Linux environment for troubleshooting. CONTENT OF THE LESSON 1. TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES. 2. UNIX UTILITIES AND SYSTEM FILES RELATED TO NETWORKING AND TROUBLESHOOTING. 3. DIAGNOSIS TOOLS AND UTILITIES IN MICROSOFT ®WINDOWS. 4. PATHPING MICROSOFT ®WINDOWS DIAGNOSIS TOOL FOR TROUBLESHOOTING CONNECTIVITY. 5. THE Netstat DIAGNOSIS TOOL. MICROSOFT ®WINDOWS 6. OTHER DIAGNOSIS TOOLS. MICROSOFT ®WINDOWS LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After learning this lesson you will accomplish the ability to: apply the troubleshooting methodology and procedures. respect the ethical constraints and take into consideration the economic and managerial aspects of the troubleshooting activities. accomplish the necessary information for troubleshooting actions inside your specific activities, to apply the troubleshooting tools.. The control of connectivity through the using of the powerful and simple to apply troubleshooting tools.
    [Show full text]
  • Ipswitch Failover V9.5 Administrator's Guide
    Administrator's Guide For Ipswitch Failover v9.5 Copyright ©1991-2016 Ipswitch, Inc. All rights reserved. This document, as well as the software described in it, is furnished under license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license. Except as permitted by such license, no part of this publication may be reproduced, photocopied, stored on a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without the express prior written consent of Ipswitch, Inc. The content of this document is furnished for informational use only, is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by Ipswitch, Inc. While every effort has been made to assure the accuracy of the information contained herein, Ipswitch, Inc. assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions. Ipswitch, Inc., also assumes no liability for damages resulting from the use of the information contained in this document. WS_FTP, the WS_FTP logos, Ipswitch, and the Ipswitch logo, MOVEit and the MOVEit logo, MessageWay and the MessageWay logo are trademarks of Ipswitch, Inc. Other products and their brands or company names, are or may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are the property of their respective companies. Contents Preface: About This Book.........................................................................vii Part I: Getting Started..................................................................................9 Chapter 1: Ipswitch Failover Concepts.................................................................................11
    [Show full text]
  • Reference Guide Vmware Vcenter Server Heartbeat 5.5 Update 1
    Administrator Guide VMware vCenter Server Heartbeat 6.3 Update 1 This document supports the version of each product listed and supports all subsequent versions until the document is replaced by a new edition. To check for more recent editions of this document, see http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs. EN-000562-01 Administrator Guide You can find the most up-to-date technical documentation on the VMware Web site at: http://www.vmware.com/support/ The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates. If you have comments about this documentation, submit your feedback to: [email protected] Copyright © 2010 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. VMware products are covered by one or more patents listed at http://www.vmware.com/go/patents. VMware is a registered trademark or trademark of VMware, Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies. VMware, Inc. 3401 Hillview Ave. Palo Alto, CA 94304 www.vmware.com 2 VMware, Inc. Contents About This Book 7 Getting Started 1 Introduction 11 Overview 11 vCenter Server Heartbeat Concepts 11 Architecture 11 Protection Levels 13 Communications 16 vCenter Server Heartbeat Switchover and Failover Processes 17 2 Configuring vCenter Server Heartbeat 21 Server Configuration Wizard 22 Configuring the Machine Identity 22 Configuring the Server Role 23 Configuring the Client Connection Port 23 Configuring Channel
    [Show full text]
  • TCP/IP Fundamentals for Microsoft Windows
    TCP/IP Fundamentals for Microsoft Windows Microsoft Corporation Published: May 21, 2006 Updated: Jan 9, 2012 Author: Joseph Davies Editor: Anne Taussig Abstract This online book is a structured, introductory approach to the basic concepts and principles of the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) protocol suite, how the most important protocols function, and their basic configuration in the Microsoft® Windows Vista™, Windows Server® 2008, Windows® XP, and Windows Server 2003 families of operating systems. This book is primarily a discussion of concepts and principles to lay a conceptual foundation for the TCP/IP protocol suite and provides an integrated discussion of both Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6). The information contained in this document represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation on the issues discussed as of the date of publication. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information presented after the date of publication. This content is for informational purposes only. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT. Complying with all applicable copyright laws is the responsibility of the user. The terms of use of this document can be found at http://www.microsoft.com/info/cpyright.mspx. Microsoft may have patents, patent applications, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights covering subject matter in this document. Except as expressly provided in any written license agreement from Microsoft, the furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property.
    [Show full text]
  • An A-Z Index of the Windows CMD Command Line
    An A-Z Index of the Windows CMD command line aaADDUSERSADDUSERS Add or list users to/from a CSV file ADmodcmd Active Directory Bulk Modify ARP Address Resolution Protocol ASSOC Change file extension associations• ASSOCIAT One step file association AT Schedule a command to run at a specific time ATTRIB Change file attributes bb BCDBOOT Create or repair a system partition BCDEDIT Manage Boot Configuration Data BITSADMIN Background Intelligent Transfer Service BOOTCFG Edit Windows boot settings BROWSTAT Get domain, browser and PDC info cc CACLS Change file permissions CALL Call one batch program from another• CERTREQ Request certificate from a certification authority CERTUTIL Utility for certification authority (CA) files and services CD Change Directory - move to a specific Folder• CHANGE Change Terminal Server Session properties CHKDSK Check Disk - check and repair disk problems CHKNTFS Check the NTFS file system CHOICE Accept keyboard input to a batch file CIPHER Encrypt or Decrypt files/folders CleanMgr Automated cleanup of Temp files, recycle bin CLEARMEM Clear memory leaks CLIP Copy STDIN to the Windows clipboard CLS Clear the screen• CLUSTER Windows Clustering CMD Start a new CMD shell CMDKEY Manage stored usernames/passwords COLOR Change colors of the CMD window• COMP Compare the contents of two files or sets of files COMPACT Compress files or folders on an NTFS partition COMPRESS Compress individual files on an NTFS partition CON2PRT Connect or disconnect a Printer CONVERT Convert a FAT drive to NTFS COPY Copy one or more files
    [Show full text]
  • IP/Networking Commands
    IP/Networking Commands There are a lot of IP commands with short descriptions listed here but you should only need the ones mentioned here at the top of the page to diagnose and configure your network. C:>ping C:>ipconfig C:>ipconfig /all C:>ipconfig /release C:>ipconfig /renew C:\>nbtstat –a Remember when typing from the command prompt you can only type one command per line, and press Enter after each one to execute it. C:\>arp –a: is short for address resolution protocol, It will show the IP address of your computer along with the IP address and MAC address of your router. C:\>hostname: This is the simplest of all TCP/IP commands. It simply displays the name of your computer. C:\>ipconfig: The ipconfig command displays information about the host (the computer your sitting at)computer TCP/IP configuration. C:\>ipconfig /all: This command displays detailed configuration information about your TCP/IP connection including Router, Gateway, DNS, DHCP, and type of Ethernet adapter in your system. C:\>Ipconfig /renew: Using this command will renew all your IP addresses that you are currently (leasing) borrowing from the DHCP server. This command is a quick problem solver if you are having connection issues, but does not work if you have been configured with a static IP address. C:\>Ipconifg /release: This command allows you to drop the IP lease from the DHCP server. C:\>ipconfig /flushdns: This command is only needed if you’re having trouble with your networks DNS configuration. The best time to use this command is after network configuration frustration sets in, and you really need the computer to reply with flushed.
    [Show full text]
  • Useful DOS Commands
    Useful DOS Commands Analyzing and troubleshooting computers and network can be difficult when problem arise. One can look at the Windows event viewer for warning and error event messages. Enough times these event messages can be informative. But it may not show the cause for errors or performance issues without further investigation. The network could be bogged down between computers and the server. The computer system could be problematic beside possible hard drive warnings and CLSID/APPID issues. The Windows operating system contain built-in tools as networking command line utilities that users and administrators could use to help troubleshoot. There are 11 built-in commands but the NbtStat has been depreciated since 2000 and NetDiag has been depreciated since Windows XP. Both will not be talked about here. • Ping • NetStat • NbtStat - depreciated • ARP • Hostname • Tracert • Ipconfig • NSLookup • Route • PathPing • NetDiag - depreciated The information below sufficiently describe these most commonly used commands. For more in- depth use, additional search may be required. Ping (Packet Internet Groper) Ping command is the most familiar and commonly used utility. It helps in determining the possible issues with the network both local and Internet. Ping is used to test the ability of one network host to communicate with another basically at the TCP/IP level. To use, open the command prompt then enter the Ping command, followed by the domain name or the IP address of the destination host. TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is a set of rules (protocols to be exact) that governs communication among all computers on the network and Internet.
    [Show full text]
  • Essentials-Windows-CMD-Command-You-Should-Know-2.Pdf
    https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/ https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15- cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/ https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user- know/Essential https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/ Windows CMD https://www.makeuseof.com/ tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/ https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every- windows-user-know/Commands https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/ You Should Know https:// www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/ https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd- commands-every-windows-user-know/ASSOC Displays or modifies file extension associations https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-MD Creates a directory know/ATTRIB https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/Displays or changes file attributes MKDIR Creates a directory https://www.makeuseof.com/ tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/BREAK Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-MKLINK Creates Symbolic Links and Hard Links windows-user-know/BCDBOOT Used to copy criticalhttps://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/ files to the system partition and to crate a MODE Configures a system device https:// new system BCD store www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd-commands-every-windows-user-know/MORE Displays https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/15-cmd- output one screen at a time BCDEDIT Sets
    [Show full text]
  • Troubleshooting with the Command Line
    The command line contains a powerful suite of tools that can be utilised in a variety of ways. This guide will show you how to use some common tools to diagnose issues with websites, domain names and DNS. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 2 Overview of the command line tools .................................................................................... 2 Accessing and setting up the command line interface ............................................................. 3 Useful Commands ............................................................................................................... 5 Ping ............................................................................................................................................ 5 Whois......................................................................................................................................... 8 NSlookup ................................................................................................................................. 12 Tracert ..................................................................................................................................... 18 Pathping .................................................................................................................................. 20 Netstat ....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Troubleshooting TCP/IP
    CHAPTER 14 Troubleshooting TCP/IP One of the primary reasons to study networking is so that you can trouble- shoot a network when problems occur. At this point, you’re probably aware that many puzzle pieces must be in place when a user accesses network resources or just surfs the Internet. If any single piece is not exactly where it should be, the user will be asking for help. With a little bit of knowledge on troubleshooting, you can be the person who identifi es the problem and fi xes it. In this chapter, you’ll learn about key troubleshooting tools. ▶ Using the command prompt ▶ Checking TCP/IP configuration with ipconfig ▶ Troubleshooting connectivity with ping ▶ Identifying routers with tracert ▶ Verifying the routed path with pathping ▶ Viewing TCP/IP statistics with netstat All the trouble- ▶ Installing Telnet shooting commands in this chapter use the command Using the Command Prompt prompt. ▶ Although the Windows graphical user interface (GUI) is easy to use for most end user tasks, it does have some limitations when troubleshooting network connectivity issues. In contrast, the command prompt can be very useful in troubleshooting basic problems. That is, of course, if you know how to use it. ▶ You can launch the command prompt in just about any Windows system by clicking Start, selecting Run, typing cmd in the text box, and pressing Enter. There are many other ways to launch the You have a wealth of help available if you know how to ask. For example, you command prompt, can just enter the Help command to identify the available commands.
    [Show full text]