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Home , George Arundale, Rukmini Devi Arundale

10. . One 1 mark question. One 4 mark question. One 6 mark question. Content analysis About Rukmini Devi Arundale.

Born on 29‐02‐1904

Father Neelakantha StiSastri

Rukmini Devi Arundale Rukmini Devi Liberator of classical dance.

India’s cultural queen. Rukmini Devi Fearless crusader for socilial c hange.

Champion of . Andhra art of vegetable-dyed Kalmakari Textile crafts like weaving silk an d cotton a la (as prepared in) Kanchipuram Banyan tree at Adyar Rukmini Devi The force that shaped the future of Rukmini Devi

Anna Pavlova Wraith-like ballerina

(Wraith-like =otherworldly) Her meeting with Pavlova. First meeting : In 1924, in at the Covent Gardens. Her meeting with Pavlova. Second meeting: Time : At the time of annual Theosophical Convention at Banaras. Place : Bombay - . The warm tribute of Pavlova Rukmini Devi: I wish I could dance like you, but I know I never can. The warm tribute of Pavlova

Anna Pavlova:NonoYoumust: No, no. You must never say that. You don’t have to dance, for if you just walk across the stage, it will be enouggph. People will come to watch you do just that. Learning Sadir. She learnt Sadir, the art of . Hereditary guru : Meenakshisundaram Pillai. Duration: Two years. First performance At the International Theosophical Conference Under a banyan tree In 1935. reaction Orthodox India was shocked . The first audience adored her revelatory debut. The Bishop of Madras confessed that he felt like he had attended a benediction. Liberating the Classical dance. Changes made to Sadir. Costume and jewellery were of good taste. presented the art as a spiritual dance. Changes made to Sadir. Renamed it “Bharata Natyam” meaning It meant the dance of the sage Bharata, author of the Natya Sahstra. It also meant the three components of the dance Bhava ,Ragg,a, Tala. Kaaalak sh etr a She formed the International Centre for Arts Under a tree At the Th eosophi ca l Soc ie ty With only one student - Radha D/O Nilakanta SiRSri Ram Kaaalak sh etr aaa at Ch enn ai Kalakshetra The Banyan tree at Kalakshetra Kaaalak sh etr a Dance was the core activity at Kalakshetra.

TiiTraining a t klkhtkalakshetra was impeccable. (perfect) Kaaalak sh etr a Rukmini Devi was a purist.

She never compromised on the quality of classical arts. Kaaalak sh etr a There were great masters like and Kaaalak sh etr a

Mysore Vasudeva Acharya. Kaaalak sh etr a The teaching was in Gurukula style. Classes were held in open. It was like Shantiniketan of Gurudev Tagore. Kalakshetra

Classes were held in open Shantiniketan of Gurudev Tagore. Shantiniketan of Gurudev Tagore. Kalakshetra

It was like Shantiniketan of Gurudev Tagore. Kalakshetra

It was like Shantiniketan of Gurudev Tagore. Manyyp sided splendor of R D A Fearless crusader for social change: Though born in an orthodox filhfamily, she marridied George Arundale , a foreigner. Rukmini Devi with her husband Manyyp sided splendor of R D A Learnt Sadir the art of Devadasis. Gave a public performance. Manyyp sided splendor of R D A She was nomitdinated twice to India’s upper House of parliament, the Rajya SbhSabha. Manyyp sided splendor of R D A She was nominated twice to India’s upper HfHouse of parliament, the . Manyyp sided splendor of R D A She pushed and got passed the Bill for PtiPrevention of Cruelty to Animals in 1960. Manyyp sided splendor of R D A A lover of wild life and champion of vegetarianism. Manyyp sided splendor of R D A Helped found many schools ifin memory of Anni Besant and Arundale. Manyyp sided splendor of R D A Brought to India and set up the first MiMontessori kindergarten in India. A scene from Kutrala Kuruvanju. Yamini Krishnamurthy Ballet Ballet Ballet 01. Name the force that shaped the future of Rukmini Devi Arundale. (force =influence) 01. Name the force that shaped the future of Rukmini Devi Arundale. (force =influence) - Anna Pavlova 02. Name the art of Devadasis. 02. Name the art of Devadasis.

Sadir 03. How long did RkRukmi iini DDievi learn Sadir? 03. How long did RkRukmi iini DDievi learn Sadir?

2 years 04. Who taugh t her Sadir? (Name the hereditary guru that taught Sadir to Rukmini Devi.) 04. Who taugh t her Sadir? (Name the hereditary guru that taught Sadir to Rukmini Devi.)

Meenakshi sundaram pillai 05. Where did RRkukmi iini DDievi give her first performance? 05. Where did RRkukmi iini DDievi give her first performance?

Under a banyan tree at the International Theosophical Conference. 06. How did orthodox India react to her first debut? 06. How did orthodox India react to her first debut?

Orthodox India was shocked 07. How did her first audience react to her first debut? 07. How did her first audience react to her first debut?

Adored her revelatory debut. 08. How did bis hop of MMdadras react to her first debut? 08. How did bis hop of MMdadras react to her first debut?

He confessed that he felt like he had attended a benediction. 09. Name the changes she made to the dance form, Sadir. 09. Name the changes she made to the dance form, Sadir.

She renamed it . 10. The woodrd Bhaaataatyaratanatyam denotes ______and ______. 10. The woodrd Bhaaataatyaratanatyam denotes ______and ______. it is the dance of the sage Bharatha, author of the Natya Shastra and the dance of ‘Bharatha’, the India. 11. Rukmini Devi foun ded ______to promote dance and music. 11. Rukmini Devi foun ded ______to promote dance and music.

The International Centre for Arts / Kalakshetra. 12. GGeive instan ces to soshow her contribution to the field of education. 12. GGeive instan ces to soshow her contribution to the field of education. She foun de d Ka la ks hetra. She helped found schools in memory of and of Arundale. continued …..

She broug ht Mar ia Montessor i to India and set up the first Montessori kindergarten in India. 13. GGeive instan ces to ssohow ttathat she was a fearless crusader for social change. 13. GGeive instan ces to ssohow ttathat she was a fearless crusader for social change.

1. Though born in an orthodox family, she married George Arundale, a foreigner. continued …….

2. Though born in an orthodox family, she learnt Sadir and gave a public performance too. 14. She was nomidinated twice to ______. 14. She was nomidinated twice to ______.

India’ s Upper House of Parliament , the Rajya Sabha. 15. Mooajrarji Desai suggested her name for the office of ______. 15. Mooajrarji Desai suggested her name for the office of ______. the President of the Indian Republic 16. Naeame ttehe bill ttathat was passed when she was a member of Rajya Sabha. 16. Naeame ttehe bill ttathat was passed when she was a member of Rajya Sabha.

The Bill for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in 1960. 17. Who was RRkukmi iini DDi’evi’s first pupil? 17. Who was RRkukmi iini DDi’evi’s first pupil?

Radha, her brother’ s daughter . 18. What made RRkukmi iini DDievi ,a universal athai to all her pupils? 18. What made RRkukmi iini DDievi ,a universal athai to all her pupils?

Radha, her first pupil , called her ‘Athai’(father’s sister, in Tamil) So, all her pupils called her ‘Athai’. 19. The teaching at KKlkhalakshetra was in ______style. 19. The teaching at KKlkhalakshetra was in ______style.

Gurukula 20 The classes at Kalakshetra were held in open, ______trees of Adyar. 20 The classes at Kalakshetra were held in open, ______trees of Adyar.

Under the shade of ggyreat banyan 21. When did Rukmini Devi meet Pavlova for the first time? 21. When did Rukmini Devi meet Pavlova for the first time?

In 1924 . 22. What act of Rukmini Devi shkdhocked orthhdodox Indd?ia? 22. What act of Rukmini Devi shkdhocked orthhdodox Indd?ia?

Her public performance of the dance. 23. Why did the Bishop of Madras compare Rukmini Devi’s dance to a benediction? 23. Why did the Bishop of Madras compare Rukmini Devi’s dance to a benediction?

Because George Arundale had presented the dance form as a spiritual art. 24. Why did Rukmini Devi rename Sadir as “Bharatanatyam”? 24. Why did Rukmini Devi rename Sadir as “Bharatanatyam”? To bring social respectability to the dance form. 01. How did Rukmini Devi liberate classical dance? Or Why is Rukmini Devi considered as a liberator of classical dance? Or Why did Rukmini Devi rename ‘sadir’, Bhara thana tyam? Rukmini Devi’s greatest contribution was liberating classical dance. She learnt Sadir from Meenakshisundaram Pillai for two secretive years . She gave her first public performance in 1935 at the International Theosophical Conference under a banyan tree. Sadir was the dance of Devadasis and had no social respectability. So, she made certain changes to the dance form. She renamed Sadir as Bharatanatyam. The name suggested two thin gs. It suggested that it was the dance of the sage Bharata, the author of Natya Shastra. Moreover it stood for Bhava,Raga and Tala, the three components of the dance. She founded Kalakshetra to promote dance and music. She appointed the best teachers at Kalakshetra. She toured all over the world giving dance programmes. Thus she liberated the classical dance. 02. Rukmini Devi was a fearless crusader for social change. EliExplain. Or

Write a note on Rukmini Devi’s contribution to social change. Rukmini Devi was India’s cultural Queen as well as a fearless crusader for social change. Explain. (March 2008) Or Explain how Rukmini Devi is not only a liberator of classical dance but also a crusader for social change. (March 2009) Or What are the contributions of Rukmini Devi to art and culture of India? Or

Wha t was RRkukmi iini DDi’evi’s role as the cultural queen and as a educationist? (March 2006) Rukmini Devi was a fearless crusader for social change. Though born in an orthodox family, she marridied George AdlArundale, a foreigner. She learnt Sadir the art of Devadasis. She even gave a public performance. The Orthodox India was shocked. She brought respect to the dance form by renaming it Bharatanatyam. She founded Kalakshetra to promote dance and music. She brought Maria Montessori to India and set up the first MMiontessori Kindergarten in India. 03. How does Yamini Krishnamurthy present Rukmini Devi as a multifaceted personality in “Rukmini Devi Arundale”? Or “Rukmini Devi had a multifaceted personality.” Substantiate the statement. (July 2009 )

Or “Rukmini Devi’s life was a many side d‐spldlendor.” EElixplain (Marc h 2010) Rukmini Devi’s life was a many sided‐splendor. She was the liberator of classical dance. She was a fearless crusader for social change. She founded many educational institutions. She founded Kalakshetra to promote dance and music. She was a champion of vegetarianism. She was a lover of wild life. She had served as a member of Rajya Sabha for two years. She pushhded and got passed the bill for prevention of Cruelty to Animals.