78 FINE ARTS ART AND CULTURE ‡ Bhangra (Punjab) - folk dance of harvest season, coinciding with the festival of Baisakhi. ‡ Lalit Kala Academy was set up in 1954 at New Delhi. ‡ Tamasha (Maharashtra) - Nautanki (U.P.), Garba ‡ Sangeet natak Academy was established in 1953 at (Gujarat), Chhow (Orissa, Bihar). New Delhi. Its function is to conduct survey ‡ There are two forms of music in India - Carnatic and research of different art forms in India. Hindustani. ‡ Sahitya Academy was established in 1954 at New ‡ Sama Veda deals with music. Delhi. Its aim is to encourage production of high ‡ Purandaradas gave shape and form to Carnatic class literature in several languages of India. music. ‡ The National Book Trust of India was set up in ‡ The trinity of Carnatic music is Thyagaraja, Syama 1957. Shastri and Muthuswami Dikshitar. ‡ ASI - Archaeological Survey of India - was established in 1861. Its headquarters is in New Names Associated with Indian Music: Delhi. ‡ Ustad Alla Rakha - A master of the Tabla. ‡ Indian Council for Cultural Relations was established ‡ Bala Murali Krishna - A singer of Carnatic music. in 1950, and it strives to promote and to strengthen cultural relations and mutual understanding between ‡ Bhim Sen Joshi - A Hindustani singer. India and other countries. The Council administers ‡ Pt. Hari Prasad Chaurasya - Flute player. the Jawaharlal Nehru Award for the promotion of ‡ Pt. Jasraj - Famous singer of Hindustani music. peace and international understanding. ‡ Parveen Sulthana - Hindustan style singer. ‡ NSD - National School of Drama - was set up in 1959 in Delhi. ‡ Neralathu Ramapothuval - Sopanam. ‡ Dances : There are two main branches of Indian ‡ M.S.Subha Lakshmi - Carnatic music. (1998 Bharat dance, namely classical and folk. Classical dances Ratna). are those which are based on ancient dance ‡ Swathi Thirunal - Maharaja of Travancore who disciplines and have rigid rules for presentation. composed many ‘varnas and kritis’. Classical dances of India : ‡ Ustad Zakir Hussain - Tabla. ‡ Bharatnatyam (Tamilnadu) - follows the principal of ‡ Ustad Amjad Ali Khan - Sarod Natya Shastra. Rukminidevi Arundale revived it by ‡ Begum Akhtar - Gazal singer establishing ‘Kalakshetra’ at Adayar, Chennai. Famous dancers are Yamini Krishnamurthy, Sonal ‡ Bismillah Khan - Shennai player Mansingh, Padma Subramanyam, Mrinalini Sarabhai. ‡ Pt. Shiv Kumar Sharma - Santhoor ‡ Kathakali & Mohiniyattam (Kerala) - the poet ‡ Lalgudi Jayaraman - Violin Vallathol revived Kathakali and Mohiniyattam by ‡ Pt. Ravi Shankar - Sitar player of world fame. establishing Kerala Kalamandalam at Cheruthuruthi, Thrissur, in 1930. Personalities Associated with Indian Dance ‡ Kathak - North Indian classical dance form. Birji ‡ Rukmini Devi Arundale - Associated with Maharaj, Gopi Krishna and Shambu Maharaj are the Bharatnatyam; founded Kalakshetra. famous exponents of this dance form. ‡ T. Balasaraswathi - Bharatanatyam. ‡ Odissi (Orissa) - Guru Kelucharan Mahapatra is at ‡ Yamini Krishnamurthy - Famous exponent of the forefront of the greatest of Odissi exponents. Bharatnatyam and Kuchipudi. ‡ Kuchipudi (Andhra Pradesh) - a variation of ‡ Birju Maharaj - One of the best known Kathak Bharatnatyam. dancers and a choreographer. ‡ Mohiniattom (Kerala) - Swathi Thirunal encouraged ‡ Sonal Mansingh - A notable Odissi and this dance form. Bharatnatyam dancer. ‡ Manipuri (Manipur) - a delicate lyrical style of ‡ Rabindranath Tagore helped Manipuri dance gain dance. prominence in the early 20th century by introducing it in his Shantiniketan. Folk Dance of India : ‡ Prominent Indian artists associated with painting ‡ Bihu (Assam) - a post - harvest folk dance. are Amrita Shergil, M.F.Hussain, Jamini Roy, Nandalal ‡ Ottam Thullal (Kerala) - performed inside temples. Bose etc. ‡ Chakiar Koothu (Kerala) - performed inside temples. INDIAN CINEMA ‡ Yakshagana (Karnataka) - about 400 years old - ‡ Dadasaheb Phalke, the producer of India’s first revived by Dr. Shivaaram Karanth. indigenous feature film ‘Raja Harishchandra’ (1913) 79 is considered to be the Father of Indian Cinema. NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS ‡ The first talkie film ‘Alam Ara’ was produced in 1931 by Ardeshir Irani. ‡ The first newspaper in India was James A. Hickey’s ‡ India tops in the world in respect of production of Bengal Gazette published in 1780 in Calcutta. feature films. ‡ The largest number of newspapers are published in ‡ The film producing centre in Mumbai (Bombay) is the State of Uttar Pradesh and the language in known as Bollywood. which the maximum number of newspapers are ‡ The most prestigious award in the Indian film world published is Hindi. is Dada Saheb Phalke Award instituted by the ‡ The oldest existing newspaper in India is Government of India. Bombay Samachar published in 1822 in Gujarati. ‡ The name of the award given to male actors in India The oldest existing English daily is the Times of is the Bharat Award and the award given to India (1838). actresses is the Urvasi Award. ‡ Malayala Manorama enjoys the distinction of ‡ Swarna Kamal (Golden Kamal) is the name of the being the newspaper with the highest circulation award given to the best film of the year by the and the Times of India is the largest selling English Government of India. daily. ‡ Adi Shankara directed by G.V. Iyer is the first ‡ There are four main news agencies in India. They Sanskrit film in India. are (1) Press Trust of India (PTI) (2) United News ‡ Satyajit Ray was the world renowned Indian director. of India (UNI) (3) Samachar Bharati and (4) His first film was Pathar Panjali. He won a special Hindustan Samachar. PTI and UNI supply news in Oscar Award. English and the other two are operating through the ‡ The first Indian to win an Oscar was Bhanu Athiya. medium of Hindi and other Indian languages. ‡ The first cinemascope film in India was Kagaz ki ‡ The Press Trust of India was the first news agency Phool. in India. ‡ The National Film Archieves of India is located at Pune. Some Important Newspapers and places of ‡ The first actress of the Indian cinema to win a publication : Padmashri Award was Nurgis Dutt (1958). The Statesman Calcutta; New Delhi ‡ Sivaji Ganesan was the first Indian to win the Chevalier award instituted by the French The Times of India Mumbai’ New Delhi etc. Government. The Hindustan Times New Delhi ‡ The first winner of the Dada Saheb Phalke Award The Pioneer Lucknow was Devika Rani Roerich (1969). She is known as The Bombay Samachar Mumbai the ‘Lady of Indian Film’. Dawn Karachi ‡ M.G. Ramachandran was the first film star to become the Chief Minister of an Indian State. Izvestia Moscow ‡ The first International Film Festival of India was Pravda Moscow held in 1952. Peoples Daily Beijing ‡ The 2002 International Film Festival of India took The Hindu Chennai, Coimbatore, Etc., place in New Delhi. The Amrita bazar Patrika Calcutta RADIO AND TELEVISION The Indian Express Chennai-Madurai etc., Daily Thanthi Chennai-Madurai etc., ‡ Radio broadcasting started in India in 1927 with privately owned transmitters at Mumbai and The Patriot New Delhi Calcutta. It was named All India Radio (AIR) in The Tribune Chandigarh 1936 and later became to be known as Akashvani The Times London since 1957. Al Ahram Cairo ‡ The experimental telecast of Doordarshan started in The Daily News New York Delhi in 1959. The national programme and other transmissions started in 1982. Doordarshan Merdeka Jakarta Commercial Service started in 1986. Le Monde Paris PIB - Press Information Bureau ABC - Audit Bureau of Circulation No newspapers are published from Arunachal Pradesh and Lakshadweep. Anand Bazar Patrika has the largest circulation among single edition dailies.