OHIO ARCHAEOLOGIST VOLUME 31 SUMMER 1981 NO. 3 Published by THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF OHIO The Archaeological Society of Ohio Robert Harter. 1961 Buttermilk Hill. Delaware. Ohio Officers —terms expire 1982 Associate Editor, Martha P Otto, President Frank w otto. Ohio Historical Society, Columbus. Ohio 2200 East Powell Road. Weslerville. Ohio Jeff Carakadden, 960 Eastward Circle Colony North Vice President Mike Kish. Zanesville, Ohio 43/01 39 Parkview Ave Westerville. Ohio Executive Secretary Don Gehlbach All articles, reviews and comments on the Ohio Archae­ 3435 Sciotanyy Dnve Columbus. Ohio ologist should be sent to the Editor Memberships, re­ i reasurei Scott Haakins. quests for back issues, changes of address, and other 484 Stinchcomb Drive. Columbiis, Ohio matter should be sent to the business office Recording Secretary Cnns Olenick PLEASE NOTIFY BUSINESS OFFICE IMMEDIATELY B140 Anne St S W . Navarre. Ohio OF ADDRESS CHANGES BY POSTAL REGULATIONS SOCIETY MAIL CANNOT BE FORWARDED Editorial Office Dana Baker 1 7240 Township Road 206. 199 Converse Drive. Plain City, Ohio 43064 Mt Victory, Ohio 1982 Steve Bala/s 1010 N Mulbeery St Business Office Mt Vernon, Ohio 1982 Summers Redick 35 West Riveiylen Drive Doug Hooks 120 Yoha Drive Worthington Ohio 43085 Manafteld Ohio 1982 Membership and Dues Wayne Mortine Scott Drive. Oxford Heights. Newcomerstown Oino 1982 Annual dues to the Archaeological Society of Ohio are Ernest Cnnxl 3402 CIVIC Place payable on the first of January as follows Re> bership $10 00. Husband and wife (one copy of publica­ Qrove City Ohio 1984 Alva McQraw 1177 Eastern Ave tion! $10 50. Contributing $25 00 Funds are used for Chillicothe, Ohio 1984 publishing the Ohio Archaeologist The Archaeological Don,ild CaStO '38 Ann Court Society of Ohio is an incorporated non-profit organization Lancaster Ohio 1984 and has no paid officers or employees Jan Sorgenfrei The Ohio Archaeologist is published quarterly and Pandora Ohio 1984 subscription is included in the membership dues Back Issues Regional Collaborators Publications and back issues of the Ohio Archaeologist: David W Kuhn, 2642 Shawnee Rd Portsmouth, Ohio Ohio Flint Types, by Robert N Converse $4 00 Charles H Stout Sr 91 Redbank Drive, Fairborn Ohio Ohio Stone Tools by Robert N Converse 3 00 Mark W Long Box 46/ Wellslon Ohio Ohio Slate Types by Robert N Converse 7 00 Steven Kelley, Seaman Ohio Back issues black and white each 3 00 William hell 13435 Lake Ave Lakewood Ohio Back issues four full color plates-each 3 00 Robert Jackman Box 30. Wellsville Ohio 43968 Back issues of the Ohio Archaeologist printed prior James L Murphy 102 Wilbur Ave to 1964 are generally out of print but copies are available Columbus, Ohio 43215 from time to time Write to business office (or prices and Gordon Hart 760 N Main St Bluffton. Indiana 46/14 availability STANDING COMMITTEES SPECIAL COMMITTEES NOMINATING COMMITTEE PROGRAM COMMITTEE PRESERVATION COMMITTEE Robert N Converse, Chairman Jack Hooks. Chairman Dana Baker Chairman Ensil Chadwick Martha Otto Chairman Jan Sorgenfrei Wayne Mortine William Tiell Charles Stout. Sr Don Bapst Charles Stout Sr Alva McGraw Jan Sorgenfrei Gordon Hart Bert Drennan Mike Kish Davul Brose John Winsch AUDITING COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE Robert Hill Chairman Charles Stout. Jr SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS Don Gehlbach Owen Cowan COMMITTEE Jack Hooks Kendall Saunders Robert Converse Chairman Tom Stropki Lar Hothem EXHIBITS COMMITTEE Jack Lanam Jeff Carskadden Steve Parker Wayne Mortine George Morelock Martha Otto Ed Hughes Gordon Hart Charles Voshall Steve Olenick Jane Weidnei RAFFLE COMMITTEE Don Gehlbach Chris Olenick Chairman Jane Weidner FRAUDULENT ARTIFACTS Buddy Haney Doug Hooks Graiy Ciola Scott Haskins COMMITTEE Ernest Good Chairman Jerry Hagerty Dana Baker EDUCATION AND PUBLICITY Steve Fullei Mike Kish, Chairman Doug Hooks LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE Lar Hothem Don Bapst Alva McGraw, Chairman Dorothy Good Ernest Good Dwight Shipley Marylyn Harness Jack Hooks David Kuhn Martha Otto Gilbert Dilley SOCIETY PHOTOGRAPHER Joy Jones Earl Townsend Len Weidnei Robert Hill TABLE OF CONTENTS PRESIDENT S PAGE Two Engraved Gorgets from Newtown, Ohio 4 An unusual Pendant from the Richards Special Award at Site, Muskingum County, Ohio 8 November Meeting Adena Pottery in the Walhonding Valley: Part 1 10 The pipe-tomahawk shown in the accom­ panying photographs was made by Jim Perry The Serrated Ft. Ancient Point 16 and Ken Netting of the ASO's Six Rivers An Incised Bar from Chapter. This beautiful piece was then gener­ Coshocton County, Ohio 18 ously donated to the Archaeological Society A Surface Found Fluted Point 19 of Ohio to be awarded for the Best Display of Garden Hunting 19 Show at the November 15, 1981, ASO Two Geniculate Variations 20 meeting at Howard Johnson's Motor Lodge- Artifacts from the Charles Brundege North in Columbus. The Six Rivers Chapter Collection 22 will be in charge of awarding this special prize. A Rare Effigy Head Pot from Arkansas ... 23 Three Catlinite Pipes of the Historic Period 24 Some Observations on Cones 27 A Phosphate "Stick" Test for Locating Anthrosols 28 Northeastern Ohio Fluted Points 30 Other Formations at Bryn Du 31 The Ellis Cache, Franklin County, Ohio . .34 Miniature Three-Quarter Grooved Axe ... 34 Historical Archaeology and Cultural Resource Management in Ohio 35 A Fascinating Double Conoidal Effigy Pipe Form 38 Three Geniculate Banners 40 Ceramics from the Brokaw Site (33BL-6) . 42 Knife/Scraper Combination Tools 46 Additional Comments on a Celt Form 46 Book Review 47 Free Publication 47 Return to Fox Field 47 Front Cover This fine Hopewell spear is from the collection of longtime collector Dean Driskill of Dola, Hardin County, Ohio. It was found prior to 1920 in Van Buren Township 2lh miles southwest of Arlington in Hancock County. Measuring nearly 6V2 inches in length and 2[A inches in width, it is made of high quality Flint Ridge jewel flint. 3 Two Engraved Gorgets From Newtown, Ohio By Robert A. Genheimer Miami Purchase Association Cincinnati, Ohio Newtown, Ohio has long been a focus of piece was later recovered). Beneath the archaeological activity in southwestern, Ohio. gorget lay two small stemmed projectile points Situated upon a broad terrace along the Little manufactured of a gray chert. Professional Miami River near its confluence with the Ohio stabilization and cleaning of the gorget River, its valley offers some of the finest and revealed a surprising animal image which had most well known prehistoric sites in the been engraved into the interior of the shell. eastern United States. The Turner Group of The figure of an opossum (note prehensile Earthworks (Willoughby and Hooton 1922), hairless tail) is depicted in profile encircling the Madisonville Village and Cemetery Site the interior of the shell. A central perforation (Hooton and Willoughby 1920), and the Turpin and two smaller holes near the head of the Mound and Village (Oehler 1973) are well opossum undoubtedly served as suspension known to members of the archaeological com­ mechanisms. Crosshatching has been utilized munity. Excavations throughout the latter part to highlight the nose, lower jaw, interior of of the 19th century and early 20th century at mouth, the eye, the claws, and a stylistic strip­ the Turner and Madisonville sites were instru­ ing of the body. Approximately 180mm in mental in defining the Hopewell and Fort diameter, the gorget is bowl-shaped having Ancient cultures respectively. During the late been cut from the lateral margin of a large 1940s and again in the late 1960s and early Busycon specimen. Microscopic examination 1970s excavations at the Turpin Site added of the suspension holes revealed little evi­ greatly to an understanding of the Late dence of wear, suggesting the gorget was Woodland and Fort Ancientexpressions in the manufactured for placement with the deceased. mid-Ohio Valley. Recently, the Village of Several weeks after the discovery of the Newtown has again received national atten­ opossum gorget another engraved shell tion. Salvage archaeology conducted by gorget was recovered while screening back- Miami Purchase Association in late 1980 and dirt from the foundation trenches. Consider­ early 1981 at the Newtown Firehouse Site, 33 able disturbance of this backdirt resulted from Ha 419, has produced rare examples of pre­ its removal from the firehouse to a lot across historic artistry. the street. It was indeed surprising to find the Construction activities at the Village of second gorget unbroken. The gorget (Fig. 2) Newtown Volunteer Fire Department have depicts a mountain lion (puma) lying on its resulted in the discovery of two engraved shell back, resulting in a full frontal presentation of gorgets, at least one of which was in direct the large cat. This gorget is not only slightly association with the remains of a prehistoric smaller (only 154mm in diameter) than the burial. These are the first known examples of opossum gorget, but it also lacks much of the complete saltwater shell gorgets with animal bowl-like appearance. The use of linear en­ engravings to be reported in the literature on graving on the mountain lion gorget as Ohio archaeology. Acrescentic saltwater shell opposed to highlighting by crosshatching on gorget, bone gorgets and stone gorgets were the opossum gorget strongly suggests that a also recovered from the site. All of the shell single individual did not execute both en­ gorgets were manufactured from Busycon gravings. Considerable exfoliation of the peri­ contrarium conch shells. These large marine meter of the mountain lion gorget resulted shells are found along the Atlantic coast south from its removal from the ground and the of New Jersey and into the Gulf Coast. subsequent backdirt displacement. Although Busycon shells occur frequently as The Firehouse Site was initially discovered Middle Woodland grave goods (Griffin, Flan­ in November, 1980 when excavation by heavy ders and Titterington 1970; Willoughby and equipment exposed an extended adult male Hooton 1922), rarely are they engraved.