Implementing Crowding in SL's Transit Assignment Model
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EXAMENSARBETE INOM CIVIL ENGINEERING AND URBAN MANAGEMENT, AVANCERAD NIVÅ, 30 HP STOCKHOLM, SVERIGE 2020 Implementing crowding in SL’s transit assignment model. Case study: Stockholm Public Transport Network ALAA ELTAYEB KTH SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT TRITA TRITA-ABE-MBT-2039 www.kth.se Thesis Title: Implementing Crowding in SL’s transit assignment model Case study: Stockholm Public Transport Network Degree Project in Transport planning Master thesis By Student: Alaa Eltayeb KTH supervisor & Examiner: Erik Jenelius: SL supervisor: Erik Almlöf November 2019 Acknowledgements I want to express my gratitude to all the people who helped along this way. Without their support, the work that went into this thesis would not be possible. First of all, I am grateful for Trafikförvaltningen for trusting me and allowing me to have this unique experience with them, I have learned so much for just by being there, I would like to thank Erik Almlöf. I would also like to thank Gerasimos Loutos for his time, ideas, and help with Visum. A great thanks to my supervisor at KTH, Erik Jenelius, for his supervision and enlightenment throughout this thesis. To the department of transport science at KTH. To my lecturers at KTH, thank you for being understanding and helpful. A great thanks to My previous supervisor and friend Ilaf Hashim, Ilaf has been a tremendous supporter from day one; she taught me so much, and I am thankful to her for the opportunities even after she left the industry. My mother, Sana, and my father Hashim, my siblings, to the soul of my brother Salah and my precious grandparents. I am grateful for the support, love, and without you, I wouldn't make it. To the people who lost their souls in Sudan during the 2018 revolution while I was here, safe in Sweden. Thank you. To my country, Sudan, every step I took forward, every hardship I encountered and overcame is for the people of my country; you deserved better. And better is coming. And finally, to Swedish institute SI, this journey would become just a dream without your support and help throughout the master period I am forever in your debt. You have changed my life. Thank you To God … thank you, I am so grateful. Table of Contents Table of Figures: ............................................................................................................................. 5 Table of Equations: ......................................................................................................................... 6 Table of Tables: .............................................................................................................................. 7 Glossary of Terms: .......................................................................................................................... 1 1. Background ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Study Area Stockholm city: ............................................................................................. 1 1.2. Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 4 2. Literature review ..................................................................................................................... 4 2.1. An overall look at Crowding: ........................................................................................... 4 2.1.1. Crowding definition: ................................................................................................. 5 2.1.2. Crowding measurements ........................................................................................... 5 2.1.3. Effect of crowding: ................................................................................................... 5 2.1.4. Crowding in Transit Assignment Models: ................................................................ 6 2.1.5. Static STA vs Dynamic Transit Assignment DTA ................................................... 6 2.1.6. Assignment procedures for Base and Crowding scenarios: ...................................... 8 3. Data Sources ........................................................................................................................... 8 4. Modelling approach: ............................................................................................................... 9 4.1. PTV Visum:...................................................................................................................... 9 4.2. Sampers: ........................................................................................................................... 9 4.3. Stockholm public transport assignment model: ............................................................... 9 5. Implementing Crowding: ...................................................................................................... 10 5.1. Perceived journey time PJT............................................................................................ 10 5.2. Modeling steps (technical application on Visum PTV): ................................................ 11 5.2.1. 1st step: Calculate the Travel time component and OD matrix: .............................. 11 5.2.2. 2nd step: ................................................................................................................... 11 5.3. Choice models for boarding decisions: .......................................................................... 13 5.4. Methodology: ................................................................................................................. 14 6. Evaluating the outputs of the crowding scenarios: ............................................................... 15 6.1. Comparison Between the Complete Information and the Departure from stop area model choice: ............................................................................................................................ 15 7. Crowding analysis:................................................................................................................ 17 7.1. RTW Spårfaktor: ............................................................................................................ 17 7.2. Crowding Vs, No Crowding: ......................................................................................... 19 7.2.1. Result from implementing crowding at the network: ............................................. 19 7.2.2. Tunnelbana:............................................................................................................. 20 7.2.2.1. Conclusion about volume increasement in metro: .............................................. 25 7.2.2.2. The effect of crowding in boarding and alighting: .............................................. 25 7.3. Pendeltåg: ................................................................................................................... 26 7.4. Buses:.......................................................................................................................... 27 7.5. Light rail: .................................................................................................................... 28 8. Statistical validation of the model outputs: ........................................................................ 29 8.1.2. Greenline: ............................................................................................................... 31 8.1.3. Redline: ................................................................................................................... 32 8.2. Pendeltåg: ................................................................................................................... 33 8.3. Light rail ..................................................................................................................... 34 8.4. Conclusion about the Validation: ............................................................................... 36 9. Model Calibration: ............................................................................................................. 38 9.1. Methodology:.............................................................................................................. 39 9.1.1. Data filtering: .......................................................................................................... 40 9.2. Model analysis: ........................................................................................................... 42 9.2.2. 2nd model: ................................................................................................................ 45 9.3. Result from Visum Implementations:......................................................................... 49 9.4. Discussion and Conclusion: ........................................................................................... 50 10. Recommendations: ......................................................................................................... 52 11. Bibliography ...................................................................................................................... 53 12. Appendix ................................................................................................................................. 55 12.2. Model-2 ................................................................................................................................ 58 Table of Figures: