Sky Computing: Extension to the Cloud Computing
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-3, Issue-4, 2017 ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in Sky Computing: Extension to the Cloud Computing 1 2 3 Mayuri S. Geed , Pallavi R. Gabhane & Prof. P. A. Manjare 1,2Student, Computer Science and Engineering , H.V.P.M COET , Amravati, India 3Assistant Professor , Computer Science and Engineering , H.V.P.M COET , Amravati, India Abstract: Sometimes, a single cloud isn’t enough. the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Sometimes, you need the whole sky. That’s why a Technology (NIST): Cloud computing is a model for number of researchers are developing tools to enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a federate clouds, an architectural concept dubbed shared pool of configurable computing resources “sky computing” .The Sky Computing model allows (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and the creation of large scale infrastructure using services) that can be rapidly provisioned resources from multiple cloud providers. These and released with minimal management effort or infrastructures are able to run embarrassingly service provider interaction. parallel computation with high performance. Developing a way to join several cloud infrastructures together into one massive cloud would be especially useful to academic researchers who utilize open large-scale compute resources, like the Open Science Grid or the European Grid Infrastructure, together with open source cloud computing platforms such as Nimbus, in order to create their own private clouds with rather than say Amazon’s EC2. In this paper we talked about sky computing and various mechanics that might lead to sky computing over multiple clouds. Introduction Sky Computing is an advance deployment model and future of cloud computing where multiple clouds are integrated to serve the business processes at one place. Sky Computing is an emerging computing model where resources from multiple cloud providers are leveraged to create large scale distributed virtual clusters. These clusters provide resources to execute scientific computations requiring large computational power. Establishing a sky computing system is challenging due to differences among providers in terms of hardware, resource management, connectivity and architecture. Figure 1. Cloud Computing 1.1 Cloud Computing 1.2 Sky Computing Cloud computing is the delivery of computing Sky Computing is an emerging computing model services over the Internet. Cloud services allow where resources from multiple clouds providers are individuals and businesses to use software and leveraged to create large scale distributed hardware that are managed by third parties at remote infrastructures. locations. Examples of cloud services include online Sky Computing arises as a metaphor to illustrate file storage, social networking sites, webmail, and a layer above Cloud computing, because such online business applications. The cloud computing dynamically provisioned distributed domains are model allows access to information and computer built over several Clouds. It can be described as a resources from anywhere that a network connection management up layer of an environment of Clouds, is available. Cloud computing provides a shared pool offering variable computing capacity and storage of resources, including data storage space, networks, resources with dynamic support to real time computer processing power, and specialized demands. Laying a virtual site over distributed corporate and user applications. The following resources, combining the ability to trust remote sites definition of cloud computing has been developed by with a trusted networking environment , originates a Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 1662 Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-3, Issue-4, 2017 ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in highly elastic response to incoming requests with a operations are limited (providers’ operation set is seemingly infinite pool of accessible resources. larger) and can correspond to loss of performance. The Sky Computing management layer relies on the lower layer resources and interface, so it should be extremely stable and dependable. There are some projects undergoing for middleware, like the open- source libcloud , Deltacloud , jclouds , or fog, while others, like abiquous, Kaavo or Enstratius offer a more professional customized service and support, in exchange for a monthly fee. 2.2 Customizable Scheduler A scheduler is a running daemon that coordinates the virtual requests and the available resources using different scheduling policies. It basically assigns to each Virtual Machine (VM) a physical host and a storage area depending on resource availability, obeying to pre-defined policies. Neither Delta cloud nor Aeolus have a scheduler, they make the deployment and rely on the destination -source projects Cloud’s management. Some open Figure 2. Sky Computing available are Haizea and Cloud Scheduler. Figure 2. shows Experiment on the sky in which user-level networks needed for inter cloud communication and ViNe enables applications across clouds. 2. Sky Computing Architecture The main idea is to create a turn-around model to enable intensive computing in Cloud networks. This is hoped to be achieved by enlarging the set of available resources in a way they overcome the problems referred before, like elevated latency between nodes. Also, it must be cross Cloud provider in order to combine resources. To achieve this, there must be a structure capable of receiving instructions, process and return results from all different underlying cloud systems. The architecture is represented in Figure 3 As we can see in Figure 3, each Cloud provider has a specific API that makes available an interaction with their own resources. All these can be aggregated by a middleware layer, which allows controlling and managing resources by translating every command to the correspondent provider API. Abstraction, from bottom to top, is the key for building a consistent system. The upper layer, Sky Computing, integrates the last level of Infrastructure as a Service and the next layer of Software as a Service. This is a critical layer, as it must be as comprehensive as possible in features and capabilities. Here, our main focus is HPC, but is must be possible to deal with other applications too. Management, with scheduling, Figure 3. Sky Computing architecture accounting and billing, should be well developed as 2.3 Monitoring software well as Monitoring and Job submission. Monitoring is also a very important part of 2.1 Cloud Computing Middleware Cloud management. Probing the resources allows to Middleware is a very important and useful part in register and control resource usage for a healthy the chain value. It provides an abstraction that allows running. For instance, detecting problems (out of to develop applications without being tied to an memory, power off, overheat CPU, etc.) prematurely explicit Cloud vendor. The drawback is that API for an early resolution. Nagios is a monitoring Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 1663 Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-3, Issue-4, 2017 ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in system that enables organizations to identify and With SaaS, it’s easy for enterprises to streamline resolve IT infrastructure problems before they affect their maintenance and support, because everything critical business processes. It delivers awareness of can be managed by vendors: applications, runtime, IT infrastructure’s status and allows to detect and data, middleware, OSes, virtualization, servers, repair problems and mitigate future issues before storage and networking. Popular SaaS offering types they affect users. include email and collaboration, customer 2.4 Accounting and billing relationship management, and healthcare-related When providing users with a complex applications. SaaS Examples infrastructure like Sky Computing, it is crucial that : Google Apps, Salesforce, Workday, Concur, Citrix Go To Meeting, Cisco Web the right usage is being kept for accounting and ExCommon billing. Assuring a righteous accounting can make 3.4. PaaS: Platform as a Service monthly usage use prediction, history analysis and Cloud platform services, or Platform as a Service the right planning for future use. The saved data also (PaaS), are used for applications, and other allows to bill the registered users for the used development, while providing cloud components to resources, both private and public combined. software. What developers gain with PaaS is a 2.5 System assembling framework they can build upon to develop or The hardest part is to connect all pieces of the customize applications. PaaS makes the puzzle, thus it was successful. We managed to get development, testing, and deployment of applications Aeolus working with a hybrid infrastructure, quick, simple, and cost-effective. With this featuring Amazon and OpenNebula with a custom technology, enterprise operations, or a third-party scheduler Haizea and Ganglia. The structure was provider, can manage OSes, servers, storage, functional and stable, however the lack of some networking, and the PaaS software itself. important pieces reduced the structure flexibility and Applications using PaaS inherit cloud characteristic agility, despite the occasional improvement by a new such as scalability, high-availability, multi-tenancy, tweaks on fresh software updates. SaaS enablement, and more. For the needs of enterprises