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Placeholder Coverpage 1 DISCLAIMER This report has been prepared by IDRA Research & Consulting with the support of UN Women, with the financial support of the Government of Sweden through UN Coherence Fund. This report contains the opinions and views expressed by the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of UN Women or the United Nations. UN WOMEN UN Women is the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women., A global champion for women and girls, UN Women supports UN member states as they set global standards for achieving gender equality, and works with governments and civil society to design laws, policies, programmes, and services needed to implement these standards. It stands behind women’s equal participation in all aspects of life, focusing on five priority areas: increasing women’s leadership and participation; ending violence against women; engaging women in all aspects of peace and security processes; enhancing women’s economic empowerment; and making gender equality central to national development planning and budgeting. UN Women also coordinates and promotes the UN system’s work in advancing gender equality. For more information, see: www.unwomen.org IDRA Research & Consulting IDRA Research & Consulting is a leading opinion and market research company with offices in Tirana (Albania) and Pristina (Kosovo) operating in the region and beyond. IDRA Company (www.idracompany.com), established in 2006 in Tirana, is a spinoff from the Institute for Development Research & Alternatives (www.idrainstitute.org established in 2000) and has more than 15 years of experience in conducting research and providing consultancy for projects for international and domestic companies or institutions. Team of Authors Team of Fieldwork Coordinators Data Processing Laura Petrak Blerta Kalavace Esjona Kryemadhi Pjerina Dodbiba Auron Pasha Lea Fanku Fjorinda Lazi Consultant – Monika Kocaqi, Gender Expert On behalf of IDRA and UN Women, we would like to thank the municipalities of Tirana, Durres and Fier for their cooperation throughout the process of this study. UN Women Country Office Albania Estela Bulku, National Programme Officer, Agustela Nini-Pavli, Technical Project Analyst and Hermona Kadija, Consultant, supported the production of this report with inputs at all stages of its development; from the research design, to comments on the interpretation of findings, and presentation of results. © UN Women Country Office Albania and IDRA Research & Consulting Year of Publication: Tirana, 2018 2 Glossary I. Domestic violence shall mean all acts of physical, sexual, psychological or economic violence that occur within the family or domestic unit or between former or current spouses or partners, whether or not the perpetrator shares or has shared the same residence with the victim; II. Gender shall mean the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for women and men; III. Gender‐based violence against women shall mean violence that is directed against a woman because she is a woman or that affects women disproportionately; IV. Victim shall mean any natural person who is subject to the conduct specified in points I and II V. Violence against women is understood as a violation of human rights and a form of discrimination against women and shall mean all acts of gender‐based violence that result in, or are likely to result in, physical, sexual, psychological or economic harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life1 VI. Sexual assault is understood as engagement in sexual activity by use of force with adult females or between spouses or cohabitants, without the consent of either of them. VII. Sexual harassment is understood as commitment of actions of a sexual nature which infringe the dignity of a person, by any means or form, by creating a threatening, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment.2 If you, or someone you know, suffer from sexual harassment or violence call the national helpline at 116117, or the Police at 112 or 129. You are not alone. 1 Council of Europe, The Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence , November 2014, available at: https://www.coe.int/en/web/istanbul-convention/text-of-the-convention [article 3 Definitions] 2 Albanian Criminal Code: Section VI-Sexual crimes, Article 121/a - Stalking and Article 130/a - Domestic violence. Available at: http://www.euralius.eu/index.php/en/albanian-legislation/send/10-criminal-code/56-criminal-code-en 3 CONTENTS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND KEY FINDINGS ............................................................................................. 9 2 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 14 Legal Framework in Albania .................................................................................................... 16 3 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................... 18 4 STUDY FINDINGS .................................................................................................................................. 21 Similarities and Differences -Tirana, Durres and Fier ............................................................ 21 Tirana ........................................................................................................................................ 22 4.2.1 Tirana Center ..................................................................................................................................... 25 4.2.2 Tirana Astir ........................................................................................................................................ 34 4.2.3 Qualitative Findings ........................................................................................................................... 41 4.2.4 Recommendations Specific for Tirana ................................................................................................ 48 Durres ....................................................................................................................................... 49 4.3.1 Durres Center ..................................................................................................................................... 51 4.3.2 Durres Stadium Area .......................................................................................................................... 60 4.3.3 Durres Shkozet ................................................................................................................................... 68 4.3.4 Qualitative Findings ........................................................................................................................... 77 4.3.5 Recommendations specific for Durres ................................................................................................ 88 Fier ............................................................................................................................................ 90 4.4.1 The Four Urban Zones ........................................................................................................................ 92 4.4.2 Qualitative Findings ........................................................................................................................... 99 4.4.3 Recommendation Specific for Fier .................................................................................................... 112 5 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................. 113 General Recommendations and Most Important Issues ..................................................... 113 ANNEXES .................................................................................................................................................... 117 Quantitative Questionnaire ...................................................................................................................... 117 Focus Group Guide .................................................................................................................................... 128 Structured Interview Guide ....................................................................................................................... 130 Structured Observations Guide ................................................................................................................. 132 Safety Audit Walk Guide and Check List .................................................................................................... 139 4 List of Figures Figure 1 How likely are the following things to happen to a woman in this neighborhood (Tirana, Durres and Fier Municipality Data combined) ........................................................................................................................................................ 10 Figure 2 Likelihood of verbal sexual harassment happening to a woman frequenting the respective neighborhoods (shown only those who responded with “very likely”) ............................................................................................. 10 Figure 3 Respondents who do not classify these actions as either sexual harassment
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