Kamza Berxulle Dajti Paskuqan Tirana Kashar Farka Vaqarr Tirana Metropolitan Area Boundary Municipality and Communes Boundaries Project Area Map (Tirana Metropolitan Area) Tirana Durres Preface This present report is a summary of Final Report of “the Project for Tirana Thematic Urban Planning”. This report proposes “Master Plans” on long-term perspectives targeting the year of 2027 and “Action Plans” for priority projects which have been identified in the master plans for thematic four (4) infrastructure sectors, namely, 1) Roads and Urban Transportation; 2) Solid Waste Management; 3) Water Supply; and 4) Sewerage and Drainage Systems. Environmental and institutional discussions are also included to seek for a rational way to the implementation of proposed plans. This report was prepared under close coordination with the technical team working for Tirana Urban Regulatory Plan in terms of the population framework and economic activities in association with land use strategies to manage sustainable and balanced urban growth in the Tirana Metropolitan Area. Therefore, planning logics and concepts underlying these thematic plans have been coherent with the Regulatory Plan, because these plans are part of the Tirana Regulatory Plan. Final Report consists of three (3) separate volumes: ₋ Main Text (English, Albanian) ₋ Summary (English, Albanian, Japanese) ₋ General Profiles of Priority Projects (English) We, JICA Study Team, acknowledge all counterpart personnel of Municipality of Tirana, the members of the Steering Committee and those who kindly extended their supports in the course of this project, and hope Municipality of Tiran make use of this report for further development towards its committed vision, “Modern European City”. Tirana, December 2012 Katsuhide Nagayama, Ph.D. Leader, JICA Study Team The Project for Tirana Thematic Urban Planning Final Report Summary (English) Table of Content Part 1: Thematic Urban Master Plans 1 Outline of the Project 1.1 Introduction 1-1 1.2 Objectives 1-2 1.3 Study Area 1-2 1.4 Thematic Infrastructure Subsectors 1-2 1.5 Expected Out comes 1-2 1.6 Project Organizations and Counterparts 1-2 2 Socioeconomic Conditions and Growing Potentials 2.1 Population and Urbanization 2-1 2.2 Employments 2-2 2.3 Economic Growth and Industries 2-3 2.4 Modernization of People’s Living Conditions 2-4 2.5 Gender and Poverty Issues 2-5 2.6 Informal Settlement and Legalization Process 2-6 3 Visions and Development Framework for Tirana Metropolitan Area 3.1 Time Framework and Defined Target Years 3-1 3.2 Visions for Tirana in Future 3-1 3.3 SWOT Analysis for Tirana Urban Development 3-1 3.4 Substantial Issues on Infrastructure Development 3-2 4 Roads & Urban Transport Sector 4.1 Current Status and Salient Findings 4-1 4.2 Problems and Planning Issues 4-6 4.3 Review of Existing Policies and Previous Studies 4-12 4.4 Demand Forecast 4-18 4.5 Planning Objectives and Strategies 4-21 4.6 Road Development Plan 4-24 4.7 Transportation Control Measures 4-27 4.8 Public Transportation Development Plan 4-32 4.9 Freight Transportation System 4-38 4.10 Organizational and Institutional Arrangements 4-40 4.11 Listing of Priority Actions/Projects 4-42 4.12 Master Plan Costs 4-46 i 5 Solid Waste Management 5.1 Present Status of Waste Management in MOT 5-1 5.2 Issues of Waste Management of Tirana Municipality 5-4 5.3 Superordinate Plan and Strategy on SWM 5-6 5.4 Activities of Other Donors in Solid Waste Management 5-8 5.5 Estimation of Scale of SWM Facilities 5-8 5.6 Planning Objectives and Strategies of Tirana Municipality ISWM Plan 5-13 5.7 Components and Time Schedule of Tirana Municipality ISWM Plan 5-17 6 Water Supply 6.1 Issues on Water Supply System 6-1 6.2 National Policy and Strategy on Water Works and Sewerage Sector 6-2 6.3 Findings from Previous Studies 6-5 6.4 Implementing Agency of Water Supply and Sewerage Sector 6-6 6.5 Existing Conditions of Water Supply System 6-8 6.6 Improvement Plan for Water Supply System 6-11 7 Sewerage and Drainage 7.1 Existing Conditions and Issues on Sewerage/Drainage System 7-1 7.2 Review of Available Master Plan and On-going Project 7-2 7.3 Review of Sewerage Master Plan 7-4 7.4 Enhancement of On-going Project and Expansion of Sewerage 7-10 7.5 Drainage System Development 7-11 7.6 Capacity Building for Management of Sewerage System 7-12 7.7 Phasing of Sewerage Development 7-14 8 Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) 8.1 Objectives and Methodologies 8-1 8.2 Scoping of Proposed Action Plan / Projects in Each Sector 8-1 8.3 Stakeholder Meetings 8-6 8.4 Further Consideration and Actions 8-7 9 Institutional Systems for Development Coordination 9.1 Coordination Issues in Tirana Municipality 9-1 9.2 Institutionalization of Effective Coordination Mechanism 9-2 9.3 Proposed Organizational Structure for Metropolitan Development Administration 9-4 9.4 Institutional Set-up for the Implementation of the Master Plan 9-7 9.5 Proposed “Coordination Manual” for Planning, Implementation and Monitoring 9-8 9.6 Financial and Fiscal Management 9-13 10 Financial and Fiscal Management 10.1 Current Status and Salient Features 10-1 10.2 Sustainable Measures for Local Governments Financing Capacity for Urban Development 10-7 10.3 Introduction of “PPP Model” for Urban Infrastructure Project 10-8 10.4 Listing of Priority Actions 10-9 ii Part 2: Sector Action Plans 11 Action Plan for Road and Urban Transportation 11.1 General 11-1 11.2 Outer Ring Road (North Section) Project 11-2 11.3 Inner/Middle Ring Missing Links Development Project 11-5 11.4 Integrated Public Transport and Parking Development Project 11-8 11.5 Economic Financial Analysis 11-17 11.6 Environmental Considerations 11-19 11.7 Recommendations for Actions 11-20 12 Action Plan for Solid Waste Management 12.1 Priority Projects of ISWM Plan 12-1 12.2 Illegal Dump Site Clean-up Project 12-1 12.3 Separate Waste Collection and Transportation Services 12-2 12.4 Introduction of 3R Programs 12-3 12.5 Organic Waste Treatment Project 12-5 12.6 Waste to Energy Project 12-8 12.7 Waste Disposal Facilities Expansion Project 12-10 12.8 Organizational Strengthening 12-13 12.9 Monitoring and Evaluation Strengthening 12-13 12.10 Financial Strengthening 12-14 12.11 Raising Public Awareness Programs 12-15 12.12 Cost of Priority Projects 12-16 12.13 Implementing Agency 12-18 12.14 Financial and Economic Analysis 12-19 12.15 Environmental Considerations 12-22 12.16 Recommendations and Conclusions 12-23 13 Action Plan for Water Supply System Development 13.1 Action Plan 13-1 13.2 Financial and Economic Analysis 13-5 13.3 Environmental Considerations 13-6 14 Action Plan for Sewerage and Drainage System Development 14.1 Selection of Priority Project 14-1 14.2 Priority Project Component and Staged Development 14-1 14.3 Construction Cost of Priority Project 14-3 14.4 Transformation to “Sewage Collection Project” and “Sewage Treatment Project” for Financial and economic Evaluation 14-3 14.5 Outline of Sewage Collection Project and Its Evaluation 14-4 14.6 Outline of Sewage Treatment Project and Its Evaluation 14-6 14.7 Environmental Consideration 14-7 14.8 Recommendation 14-8 15 Step Forward *** iii Part 1 Thematic Urban Master Plans Final Report: Summary, December 2012 The Project for Tirana Thematic Urban Planning 1. Outline of the Project 1.1 Introduction In 2008, the Republic of Albania launched the National Development Strategies with targets to be achieved by 2013. These targets comprise the following: 1) accession to the European Union; 2) democratization based on the respect for basic civil and political rights; 3) more than 6% economic growth; and 4) poverty reduction. Since then, the government of the Republic of Albania (GOA) has carried out various measures to achieve these targets. Along with democratization which started in 1991, urbanization has progressed in the capital city, Tirana, which has accommodated a rapid increase in migrants from rural and mountainous areas. In 2008, the population of Tirana reached 640,000, from 250,000 in 1989, or an increase of almost 270% in just nine years. Such an acute urbanization resulted in serious urban problems such as shortages in infrastructure, particularly in housing. Many rural migrants illegally settled in the surrounding areas of the urban center or in protected green areas where no sufficient water and power supply systems are provided, and where solid waste is managed poorly, resulting in significant degradation of the urban environment. Urbanization is still in progress, and it is predicted that the city’s population will reach one million by 2025. It is thus urgent for urban developments in the transportation, water/sewerage, and solid waste management sectors, in particular, to keep up with the burgeoning urban population. In order to respond to such a serious situation, the Municipality of Tirana (MOT), with support from the World Bank, prepared a comprehensive urban development plan entitled “Urban Regulatory Plan in Tirana Municipality” (URPTM) in 2009. URPTM has set the vision, directions, and outlines of future development based on a needs assessment and situation analyses of Tirana. However, no concrete action plans for urban utilities and infrastructure were included in the plan. GOA, therefore, requested the Government of Japan for technical assistance to conduct a planning study. Given the name “The Project for Tirana Thematic Urban Planning,” the Study is expected to formulate short- and medium-term projects and programs on urban infrastructure based on and in line with URPTM.