Dissertation Effect of Farm to Fork Operations On

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Dissertation Effect of Farm to Fork Operations On DISSERTATION EFFECT OF FARM TO FORK OPERATIONS ON BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN WHITE-FLESHED AND COLOR-FLESHED POTATOES Submitted by Fauzi Saleh Massoud Amer Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado Summer 2015 Doctoral Committee: Advisor: Jairam Vanamala Co-Advisor: Martha Stone Lavanya Reddivari David Holm Copyright by Fauzi Saleh Massoud Amer 2015 All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT EFFECT OF FARM TO FORK OPERATIONS ON BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN WHITE- FLESHED AND COLOR-FLESHED POTATOES The potato, Solanum tuberosum L., is one of the most commonly consumed food crops worldwide, and is the leading vegetable crop in the United States with 69% of per capita consumption as processed potatoes. In addition to micro- and macro-nutrients, color-fleshed potatoes are one of the richest plant sources for health promoting components such as resistant starch, polyphenols, and carotenoids. In contrast, potatoes are well known to contain naturally occurring glycoalkaloids (GA; α-chaconine and α-solanine) and processing-induced acrylamide (AL). Potatoes can be stored up to one year before being processed/consumed and the effect of genotype, storage (4oC or 10oC; 3 or 6 months) and processing (baking and frying) on both toxic and health beneficial compounds remains unknown. We hypothesized that cultivar, storage and processing alters bioactive content in potato tuber and potato products. To test this hypothesis, raw, baked, and chipped of white-, yellow-, red-, and purple-fleshed potatoes from initial (fresh) and stored tubers were evaluated for AL/vitamin C and GAs using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD/UPLC-DAD), respectively. Total phenolic content (Folin - Ciocalteu reducing), anthocyanin content (pH differential method), antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS assay) were also determined. Raw potatoes were analyzed for reducing sugars (glucose and fructose) using a spectrophotometer. Sensory attributes (9-point hedonic scale) of baked and potato chips were assessed using untrained consumer panelists (n= 94 – 114). The content of GA/AL increased ii with storage, dependent on cultivar. Reducing sugar content in raw potatoes increased with storage, thereby, AL content in potato chips positively correlated with reducing sugars. Purple- fleshed potatoes had higher (p ≤ 0.05) total phenolic content, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity than red-fleshed potatoes and white-fleshed potatoes. The interaction effect of storage time and temperature on total phenolic content, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity was genotype-dependent. Baking led to a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in total phenolic content, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity; whereas chipping led to significant losses in total phenolic content, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity. However, red- and purple-fleshed potatoes could serve as potential sources of non-nutrient health-benefiting compounds in the human diet even after storage and processing. Vitamin C content in potato tubers and processed potatoes was genotype-dependent. Vitamin C content rapidly declined with storage after six months of storage irrespective of storage temperature (4°C or 10°C). Chipping and frying resulted in significantly reduced vitamin C levels compared to baked potatoes and unprocessed potatoes among all tested cultivars. An increase in GA and AL content, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity found with storage was cultivar dependent. However, vitamin C decreased with storage. Thus, it is critical to measure GA and AL content not only in the fresh tubers but also in the final potato products such as baked and chipped potatoes. It is critical to adjust food systems processes to consistently deliver lower GA and AL content, while retaining the beneficial bioactives, vitamin C, and sensory attributes of the final potato products. Adjusting farm-to-fork operations to retain the health-benefiting compounds in food crops while reducing natural and process-induced toxicants will aid in countering growing epidemic of chronic diseases globally. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor Dr. Jairam Vanamala for giving me a chance to work in his laboratory to pursue my graduate program. His guidance, encouragement, and recommendation helped me accomplish this great task. His passion for science made me push harder each day and complete my work with dedication. His help is appreciated in making me become a better scientist. I want to express my gratitude to Dr. Lavanya Reddivari. She taught me most of the technical laboratory skills I needed. She is a crucial element in this dissertation was actively involved right from the experimental design until writing up the results. I thank all my lab members over the years: Sridhar Radhakrishnan, Gaurav Madiwale, Venkata Charepalli, Aaron Massey, Emily Poole, Amulya Balumuri and Orlando Perez for their help with the study and their awesome company in the lab. I also want to thank Dr. Martha Stone for her help support through the sensory attributes survey; it was impossible to conduct my studies without her help. I also thank the members of Dr. Martha Stone’s lab and Laura Markham for their help during the sensory evaluation. I also thank my other committee members, Dr. David Holm and his group for their help to collect potatoes and process them for my study. I extend special thanks to Dr. Michael Pagliassotti, Head of the Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, who supported me after Dr. Jairam’s departure to Penn State University. I wish to thank every member of the Department of Food Science Human Nutrition at Colorado State University for their continuous help and support at different periods of my work. iv Finally, I would like to thank all my friends from Libya at Colorado State University for making my time while earning my Ph.D. a memorable one. I give heartfelt thanks to those whom I have missed to acknowledge. v DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my mother, pure spirit, Mrs. Fatima A. Amer and my father Mr. Saleh Massoud Amer, whose unconditional love and support made this possible. I also dedicate this work to each member of my family and friends in Libya and the USA for their constant words of encouragement. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................... iv DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................. vi LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... xii LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................... xiii CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1 CHAPTER TWO REVIEW OF LITERATURE ........................................................................... 5 1. Introduction to the potato ......................................................................................................... 5 1.1. The history of the potato ................................................................................................ 5 1.2. Potato growth ................................................................................................................. 6 1.3. Potato physiology .......................................................................................................... 7 1.4. Potato cultivars .............................................................................................................. 8 2. Toxic compounds found in potatoes .......................................................................................... 9 2.1. The post-processing toxic compound: Acrylamide ....................................................... 9 2.1.1. Acrylamide formation ................................................................................................. 9 2.1.2. Factors that affect acrylamide content in potato products ........................................ 11 2.1.3. Acrylamide and health .............................................................................................. 12 2.1.4. Effect of processing on acrylamide in potato products ............................................. 13 2.2 The pre-processing toxic compound: Glycoalkaloids................................................... 17 2.2.1. Glycoalkaloids pathway ............................................................................................ 17 2.2.2. Glycoalkaloids and health ......................................................................................... 18 vii 2.2.3. Factors that affect glycoalkaloid content in potatoes ................................................ 19 2.2.3.1. Effect of genotype and post-harvest factors on glycoalkaloids ............................. 19 2.2.3.2. Effect of processing on glycoalkaloids .................................................................. 20 3. Potato bioactive compounds ...................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Sayıt Mahmut Erdoğan
    T.C. GIDA TARIM VE HAYVANCILIK BAKANLI ĞI Ü Ü Ğ AB UZMANLIK TEZ İ DÜNYA’DA GDO MEVZUATI, TİCARET İ VE UYGULAMALARININ KAR ŞILA ŞTIRILMASI VE TÜRK İYE LER GENEL MÜDÜRLÜ LER GENEL İ AB UZMAN YARDIMCISI (Kalın,16 Punto) K İŞ SAYIT MAHMUT ERDO ĞAN (Kalın,Punto) L İ Ş DANI ŞMAN VE DI VE Prof. Dr. MAH İNUR S. AKKAYA İĞİ ODTÜ FEN EDEB İYAT FAKÜLTES İ ÖĞRET İM ÜYES İ RL İ Ankara Eylül 2015 B AVRUPA T.C. GIDA TARIM VE HAYVANCILIK BAKANLI ĞI Avrupa Birli ği ve Dı ş İli şkiler Genel Müdürlü ğü DÜNYA’DA GDO MEVZUATI, TİCARET İ VE UYGULAMALARININ KAR ŞILA ŞTIRILMASI VE TÜRK İYE AB UZMANLIK TEZ İ SAYIT MAHMUT ERDO ĞAN AB UZMAN YARDIMCISI DANI ŞMAN Prof. Dr. MAH İNUR S. AKKAYA ODTÜ FEN EDEB İYAT FAKÜLTES İ ÖĞRET İM ÜYES İ Ankara – 2015 Eylül i ii ÖZET AB Uzmanlık Tezi DÜNYA’DA GDO MEVZUATI, T İCARET İ VE UYGULAMALARININ KAR ŞILA ŞTIRILMASI VE TÜRK İYE Sayıt Mahmut ERDO ĞAN Danı şman Prof. Dr. Mahinur S. AKKAYA Biyoteknoloji, 20. Yüzyılın sonlarından itibaren sağlık, tarım ve çevre gibi alanlar ba şta olmak üzere birçok farklı alanda de ğişim ve dönü şüm meydana getirmi ş olan modern bir disiplindir. Bu disiplin, moleküler biyoloji ve genetik mühendisli ğinin araçlarını kullanılarak canlıların genetik yapılarını belirli bir amaca yönelik olarak de ğiştirip geneti ği de ğiştirilmi ş organizmaları (GDO’lar) elde ederek insanlı ğın ihtiyacına sunmu ştur. Günümüzde bir yandan, insanlar ve hayvanlar için ilaç ve a şı çe şitleri ilaç biyoteknolojisi vasıtasıyla üretilmekte iken, di ğer yandan da tarımsal biyoteknoloji vasıtasıyla üretilmi ş olan; böceklere dirençli, herbisit toleransına sahip, besin de ğeri zenginle ştirilmi ş, kuraklı ğa ve tuzlulu ğa dirençli geneti ği de ğiştirilmi ş (GD) bitki çe şitlerinin ekimi yapılmaktadır.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 Consortium Funded Progress Reports
    Northwest Potato Research Consortium Annual and Final Reports for FY 2017-18 and FY 2016-17, respectively Reports are presented here as submitted by the lead principle investigator on each project. Funded Scientists Project Title Page # Weed Science Targeted Herbicide Programs for Weed Control in Pam Hutchinson, Joel Felix, Potatoes: Educating Potato Growers and Ag Tim Miller, Steven Seefeldt, 1 Industry about Herbicide Resistance and Weed and Ian Burke Shifts Plant Pathology Kasia Duellman, Phill Characterizing Fusarium species associated with Wharton, James Woodhall, and refining management of potato dry rot in the 9 Ken Frost, Debra Inglis, Pacific Northwest Don McMoran Dennis Johnson, Ken Frost, Development of Verticillium Wilt-Suppressive Soils Mike Thornton, Phill and Evaluation of Fungicidal and Biorational 11 Wharton Products for Northwest Potato Production Assessing Efficacy of Disinfection of Fresh Pack Miller Research 42 Water on Bacterial Load and Tuber Decay Comparison of Metam Sodium Fumigation Methods Miller Research and Alternatives to Metam Sodium 53 Fumigation for Potato Pest Management Use of metconazole for improved yields and fungicide Miller Research 74 resistance management Evaluation of phosphorous acid fungicide programs for improved pink rot management Miller Research 87 and assessment of mefenoxam resistance in pink rot pathogen populations in the PNW Identifying a potential pathogenic cause of the Kylie Swisher disease symptoms and early plant 96 senescence in the Columbia Basin potatoes in 2016 Identification
    [Show full text]
  • Potato - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Potato - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Log in / create account Article Talk Read View source View history Our updated Terms of Use will become effective on May 25, 2012. Find out more. Main page Potato Contents From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Featured content Current events "Irish potato" redirects here. For the confectionery, see Irish potato candy. Random article For other uses, see Potato (disambiguation). Donate to Wikipedia The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum Interaction of the Solanaceae family (also known as the nightshades). The word potato may Potato Help refer to the plant itself as well as the edible tuber. In the region of the Andes, About Wikipedia there are some other closely related cultivated potato species. Potatoes were Community portal first introduced outside the Andes region four centuries ago, and have become Recent changes an integral part of much of the world's cuisine. It is the world's fourth-largest Contact Wikipedia food crop, following rice, wheat and maize.[1] Long-term storage of potatoes Toolbox requires specialised care in cold warehouses.[2] Print/export Wild potato species occur throughout the Americas, from the United States to [3] Uruguay. The potato was originally believed to have been domesticated Potato cultivars appear in a huge variety of [4] Languages independently in multiple locations, but later genetic testing of the wide variety colors, shapes, and sizes Afrikaans of cultivars and wild species proved a single origin for potatoes in the area
    [Show full text]
  • Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.)
    United Kingdom National List / Plant Breeders’ Rights Technical Protocol for the Official Examination of Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) February 2020 Contents Section A - General Information ..................................................................................................... 1 1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................. 1 2 Scope ................................................................................................................................ 1 3 Responsibilities ................................................................................................................. 1 4 Non Compliance with the Protocol .................................................................................... 3 5 Responsibility for GM Releases ........................................................................................ 3 6 Procedures for GM Varieties ............................................................................................. 3 7 Associated Documents ...................................................................................................... 4 Section B – Application Requirements ........................................................................................... 5 1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................. 5 2 Scope ...............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2004 Michigan Potato Research Report
    MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION IN COOPERATION WITH THE MICHIGAN POTATO INDUSTRY COMMISSION 2004 MICHIGAN POTATO RESEARCH REPORT Photo on Left Left to Right: Ben Kudwa, First Last, First Last, First Last, Senator Alan Cropsey, First Last, First Last Volume 36 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS……………………………. 1 2004 POTATO BREEDING AND GENETICS RESEARCH REPORT David S. Douches, J. Coombs, K. Zarka, S. Copper, L. Frank, J. Driscoll and E. Estelle…………………………………………. 5 2004 POTATO VARIETY EVALUATIONS D. S. Douches, J. Coombs, L. Frank, J. Driscoll, J. Estelle, K. Zarka, R. Hammerschmidt, and W. Kirk…………………..….……...… 18 MANAGEMENT PROFILE FOR NEW POTATO VARIETIES AND LINES DECEMBER 2004 Sieg S. Snapp, Chris M. Long, Dave S. Douches, and Kitty O’Neil…...….. 50 2004 ON-FARM POTATO VARIETY TRIALS Chris Long, Dr. Dave Douches, Fred Springborn (Montcalm), Dave Glenn (Presque Isle) and Dr. Doo-Hong Min (Upper Peninsula)..…... 56 SEED TREATMENT, IN-FURROW AND SEED PLUS FOLIAR TREATMENTS FOR CONTROL OF POTATO STEM CANKER AND BLACK SCURF, 2004 W.W. Kirk and R.L. Schafer and D. Berry, P. Wharton and P. Tumbalam………………………………..……...…………..………..... 70 POTATO SEED PIECE AND VARIETAL RESPONSE TO VARIABLE RATES OF GIBBRELLIC ACID 2003-2004 Chris Long and Dr. Willie Kirk……………..……...…………..……….... 73 MANAGING RHIZOCTONIA DISEASES OF POTATO WITH OPTIMIZED FUNGICIDE APPLICATIONS AND VARIETAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; RESULTS FROM THE FIELD EXPERIMENTS. Devan R. Berry, William W. Kirk, Phillip S. Wharton, Robert L. Schafer, and Pavani G. Tumbalam………………….……….... 78 HOST PLANT RESISTANCE AND REDUCED RATES AND FREQUENCIES OF FUNGICIDE APPLICATION TO CONTROL POTATO BLIGHT (COOPERATIVE TRIAL QUAD STATE GROUP 2004) W.W.
    [Show full text]
  • Starch and Antioxidant Properties of Quebec-Bred Potato Genotypes
    Starch and Antioxidant Properties of Quebec-bred Potato Genotypes Christina Larder Department of Plant Science Macdonald Campus of McGill University Montréal, Québec, Canada December 2015 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science ©Christina Larder, 2015 I Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ VII Résumé ....................................................................................................................................... VIII Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ X Contribution of Authors ................................................................................................................ XI List of Tables ............................................................................................................................... XII List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. XV List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................................. XVI Chapter 1: General Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Potato Glossary
    A Potato Glossary A Potato Glossary by Richard E. Tucker Last revised 15 Sep 2016 Copyright © 2016 by Richard E. Tucker Introduction This glossary has been prepared as a companion to A Potato Chronology. In that work, a self-imposed requirement to limit each entry to a single line forced the use of technical phrases, scientific words, jargon and terminology that may be unfamiliar to many, even to those in the potato business. It is hoped that this glossary will aid those using that chronology, and it is hoped that it may become a useful reference for anyone interested in learning more about potatoes, farming and gardening. There was a time, a century or more ago, when nearly everyone was familiar with farming life, the raising of potatoes in particular and the lingo of farming in general. They were farmers themselves, they had relatives who farmed, they knew someone who was a farmer, or they worked on a nearby farm during their youth. Then, nearly everyone grew potatoes in their gardens and sold the extra. But that was a long ago time. Now the general population is now separated from the farm by several generations. Only about 2 % of the US population lives on a farm and only a tiny few more even know anyone who lives on a farm. Words and phrases used by farmers in general and potato growers in particular are now unfamiliar to most Americans. Additionally, farming has become an increasingly complex and technical endeavor. Research on the cutting edge of science is leading to new production techniques, new handling practices, new varieties, new understanding of plant physiology, soil and pest ecology, and other advances too numerous to mention.
    [Show full text]
  • Relative Salinity Tolerance of Potato Cultivars Assessed by <Emphasis Type="Italic">In Vitro </Emphasis> S
    Amer J of Potato Res (1998) 75:207-210 207 Relative Salinity Tolerance of Potato Cultivars Assessed By In Vitro Screening Tala Khrais 1, Y. Leclerc 2, and Danielle J. Donnelly3 ~Graduate student, 3Associate Professor., Plant Science Department, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, 21 111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada H9X 3V9. -~Potato Physiologist. Potato Centre, New Brunswick Department of Agriculture, FlorenceviUe, NB, Canada E0J 1K0. Please send all correspondence to: Danielle J. Donnelly, Plant Science Department, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9, phone: (514) 398-7851 (ext. 7856#), fax: (514) 398-7897, e-mail: [email protected]. ABSTRACT imiento (longitud de las ralces y de los brotes, peso fresco y seco) en la cosecha y se corrigieron debido a One hundred and thirty European and North Amer- sus diferencias en el vigor de la planta. Estos valores ican potato cultivars were assayed in vitro for salinity relativos fueron sujetos a un awl]i~is de multivariaci6n (NaC1) tolerance. A modified single-node cutting bioas- de grupos. La suma de los rangos relativos a 40, 80 y say was used in which cultivars were exposed to a 120 mM NaCI separaron los cultivares en 8 unidades. range of NaC1 levels (0, 40, 80, and 120 mM), in a Los cultivares Amisk, Belrus, Bintje, Onaway, Sierra y Murashige and Skoog-based medium, for 1 month. Eval- Tobique estuvieron en la unidad con mayor tolerancia uations were performed twice for each cultivar at each a la salinidad yen el grupo con mayor vigor, con excep- salt level, using five single-node cuttings.
    [Show full text]
  • Seed Potatoes You Would Like to Request from the Plant Materials Center (PMC) to Plant on Your Farm in 2019
    5310 S. Bodenburg Spur Palmer, Alaska 99645-7646 Main: 907.745.4469 Fax: 907.746-1568 November 30, 2017 Dear Grower, Please consider the varieties and quantities of generation zero (G0) seed potatoes you would like to request from the Plant Materials Center (PMC) to plant on your farm in 2019. In order to establish our greenhouse production plans for 2018 at the PMC, we will accept order requests through January 31, 2018. We encourage you to renew your seed stocks as often as possible with disease free seed from the PMC to maintain high quality seed in Alaska potato production. In this regard, we are here to serve you and provide the industry with a healthy start. Please review the attached list and visit http://plants.alaska.gov/PotatoSeedProduction.html for ordering information. If you do not see a variety on the list that interests you, please contact us to see if we can produce the variety or a similar one. Based on production logistics, we are setting a minimum order limit of two pounds per variety. The price per pound is $15.00. Please do not hesitate to contact me with any questions. Sincerely, Christine Macknicki Potato Program Technician (907) 745-8021 [email protected] Available Public Varieties 8-3(Magic Myrna) Butte Favorite Red Maris Piper Rosa 22-1(Delta Red) Cal White French Fingerling Mark Varshaw Rose Finn Apple 29-6 (Fiesta) CalWhite Russet Frontier Russet Mirton Pearl Rose Gold AC Red Island Candy Cane German Butterball Mrs. Moehlers Yellow Royal Kidney AK114 Candystripe Goldrush Myatts Ashleaf Russet Burbank
    [Show full text]
  • Potato Tuber Quality Management in Relation to Environmental and Nutritional Stress
    Potato tuber quality management in relation to environmental and nutritional stress Stephen Harper QLD Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries Project Number: PT99052 PT99052 This report is published by Horticulture Australia Ltd to pass on information concerning horticultural research and development undertaken for the potato industry. The research contained in this report was funded by Horticulture Australia Ltd with the financial support of the potato industry. All expressions of opinion are not to be regarded as expressing the opinion of Horticulture Australia Ltd or any authority of the Australian Government. The Company and the Australian Government accept no responsibility for any of the opinions or the accuracy of the information contained in this report and readers should rely upon their own enquiries in making decisions concerning their own interests. ISBN 0 7341 0903 2 Published and distributed by: Horticultural Australia Ltd Level 1 50 Carrington Street Sydney NSW 2000 Telephone: (02) 8295 2300 Fax: (02) 8295 2399 E-Mail: [email protected] © Copyright 2004 Queensland the Smart State Potato tuber quality management in relation to environmental and nutritional stress. Final report HAL project PT99052 April 2004 Stephen Harper Queensland Government DPI&F HAL project No. PT99052 Potato tuber quality management in relation to environmental and nutritional stress. Stephen Harper Queensland Government DPI&F Gatton Research Station LMB7 MS 437 Gatton 4343. 07 5466 2222 This report outlines the factors that cause and enhance symptoms of brown fleck in potato tubers. It also evaluates potential management strategies that reduce incidence of brown fleck. Date of completion April 26 2004 Any recommendations contained in this publication do not necessarily represent current Horticulture Australia policy.
    [Show full text]
  • Ep 2038300 B1
    (19) TZZ Z¥¥ZZ_T (11) EP 2 038 300 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.: of the grant of the patent: C07K 14/415 (2006.01) C12N 15/82 (2006.01) 19.02.2014 Bulletin 2014/08 C12N 15/29 (2006.01) A01H 5/00 (2006.01) A01H 5/04 (2006.01) (21) Application number: 07796664.6 (86) International application number: (22) Date of filing: 05.07.2007 PCT/US2007/015437 (87) International publication number: WO 2008/005474 (10.01.2008 Gazette 2008/02) (54) HIGH LEVEL ANTIOXIDANT-CONTAINING FOODS LEBENSMITTEL MIT HOHEM ANTIOXIDATIONSMITTELGEHALT ALIMENTS CONTENANT DE HAUTS NIVEAUX D’ANTIOXYDANTS (84) Designated Contracting States: (56) References cited: AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR WO-A2-2008/096354 WO-A2-2008/134372 HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR • NIGGEWEG RICARDA ET AL: "Engineering plants with increased levels of the antioxidant (30) Priority: 06.07.2006 US 818516 P chlorogenic acid" NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, NEW YORK, NY, (43) Date of publication of application: US, vol. 22, no. 6, June 2004 (2004-06), pages 25.03.2009 Bulletin 2009/13 746-754, XP009087941 ISSN: 1087-0156 cited in the application (73) Proprietor: J.R. Simplot Company • MATHEWS, H. ET AL.: "Activation tagging in Boise, ID 83706 (US) tomato identifies a transcriptional regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, modification, and (72) Inventor: ROMMENS, Caius transport" THE PLANT CELL, vol. 15, 14 July 2003 Boise, ID 83712 (US) (2003-07-14), pages 1689-1703, XP002467412 • BUSHMAN BRADLEY S ET AL: "Two loci exert (74) Representative: Murphy, Colm Damien et al major effects on chlorogenic acid synthesis in Venner Shipley LLP maize silks." CROP SCIENCE, vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Metodika Vzorkov Ánı GM Rostlin Pri Jejich Nez Ám Ern Ém V Ýskytu V
    Metodika vzorkovan´ıGM´ rostlin priˇ jejich nezam´ ernˇ em´ v´yskytuv ˇzivotn´ımprostred´ıˇ Ovesna,´ Jaroslava; Kucera,ˇ Ladislav; Sovova,´ Tereza; Mitrova,´ Katar´ına; Pouchova,´ Vladim´ıra 2016 Dostupny´ z http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-317270 D´ılo je chran´ enoˇ podle autorskeho´ zakona´ c.ˇ 121/2000 Sb. Tento dokument byl stazenˇ zN arodn´ ´ıho ulo´ ziˇ stˇ eˇ sedˇ e´ literatury (NUSL)ˇ . Datum stazenˇ ´ı: 10.10.2021 Dalsˇ´ı dokumenty mu˚zeteˇ naj´ıt prostrednictvˇ ´ım vyhledavac´ ´ıho rozhran´ı nusl.cz. Metodika vzorkování GM rostlin při jejich nezáměrném výskytu v životním prost ředí Kolektiv autorů VÚRV, v.v.i., Praha 6 – Ruzyně Tato metodika „Metodika vzorkování GM rostlin p ři jejich nezám ěrném výskytu v životním prost ředí“ byla vytvo řena s finan ční podporou TA ČR © Výzkumný ústav rostlinné výroby, v.v.i., Praha, 2016 ISBN 978-80-7427-230-1 Metodika vzorkování GM rostlin p ři jejich nezám ěrném výskytu v životním prost ředí 1/19 Metodika vzorkování GM rostlin p ři jejich nezáměrném výskytu v životním prost ředí Úvod Ur čeno: Pov ěř eným pracovník ům Ministerstva životního prost ředí a pracovník ům Česká inspekce životního prost ředí, (ČIŽP), jakožto odborného orgánu české státní správy, který je pov ěř en dozorem nad respektováním právních p ředpis ů a závazných rozhodnutí správních orgán ů v oblasti životního prost ředí. Cíl metodiky Účelem „Metodiky vzorkování GM rostlin p ři jejich nezám ěrném výskytu v životním prost ředí“ (dále jen Metodika) je poskytnutí pot řebných podklad ů pro provád ění kontrol přítomnosti nepovolených geneticky modifikovaných (dále GM) rostlin na p ěstebních plochách vybraných zem ědělských plodin (kuku řice, sója luštinná, brambor, řepka) pracovníky dozorových orgán ů či úst ředních orgán ů státní správy ČR.
    [Show full text]