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Voltage Controlled Oscillator on Quartz Substrate Spannungsgesteuerter Oszillator Auf Quarzsubstrat Oscillateur Contrôlé Par Tension Basé Sur Substrat De Quartz

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Voltage Controlled Oscillator on Quartz Substrate Spannungsgesteuerter Oszillator Auf Quarzsubstrat Oscillateur Contrôlé Par Tension Basé Sur Substrat De Quartz (19) TZZ ¥ ZZ_T (11) EP 2 320 560 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.: of the grant of the patent: H03B 5/12 (2006.01) H03B 5/18 (2006.01) 03.10.2012 Bulletin 2012/40 (21) Application number: 10186367.8 (22) Date of filing: 04.10.2010 (54) Voltage controlled oscillator on quartz substrate Spannungsgesteuerter Oszillator auf Quarzsubstrat Oscillateur contrôlé par tension basé sur substrat de quartz (84) Designated Contracting States: • Fujiyama, Ryouichi AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB Sayama-shi Saitama 350-1321 (JP) GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR (74) Representative: TBK Bavariaring 4-6 (30) Priority: 05.10.2009 JP 2009231935 80336 München (DE) (43) Date of publication of application: (56) References cited: 11.05.2011 Bulletin 2011/19 GB-A- 1 287 209 US-A- 5 532 651 US-A- 6 072 371 (73) Proprietor: Nihon Dempa Kogyo Co., Ltd. Shibuya-ku • PETER THOMA: "Absolute calorimetric Tokyo 151-8569 (JP) determination of dielectric loss factors at w = 10 4 s -1 and 4.2 k and application to the (72) Inventors: measurement of loss factors of standard • Tsuda, Toshimasa capacitors at room temperature", IEEE Sayama-shi Saitama 350-1321 (JP) TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND • Onzuka, Tatsunori MEASUREMENT, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, Sayama-shi Saitama 350-1321 (JP) PISCATAWAY, NJ, US, vol. 15, no. 4, 1 December • Kawahata, Kenji 1980 (1980-12-01), pages 328-330, XP011246154, Sayama-shi Saitama 350-1321 (JP) ISSN: 0018-9456 • Hoshigami, Hiroshi Sayama-shi Saitama 350-1321 (JP) Note: Within nine months of the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent in the European Patent Bulletin, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to that patent, in accordance with the Implementing Regulations. Notice of opposition shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). EP 2 320 560 B1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) 1 EP 2 320 560 B1 2 Description However, in the case of a), a phase noise becomes large since a multiplication circuit is used. Further, in the case [0001] The present invention relates to a technique for of b), the cost is increased, and in the case of c), the size forming a resonance part using an inductance element is large so that it becomes difficult to realize the down- and a variable capacitance element, and a voltage con- 5 sizing. trolled oscillator (VCO) using the resonance part. [0006] Although Patent Document 1 describes a de- [0002] As shown in Fig. 13, for instance, a voltage con- vice such as the above-described VCO, no study has trolled oscillator (VCO) includes a resonance part having been made regarding the aforementioned problems. Fur- a varicap diode VD whose electrostatic capacitance var- ther, according to Patent Document 2, there is known a ies in accordance with a control voltage and an induct- 10 technique for making a quartz crystal being a piezoelec- ance element 11, and a feedback part 2 formed of a tran- tric substrate generate an elastic wave to use the quartz sistor 21 being an amplifying part and two capacitors C1, crystal as a resonator whose oscillation frequency is in C2. In this example, a frequency signal resonated in the about several MHz band, for instance, but, it is not pos- resonance part is amplified by the transistor 21, and is sible to solve the above-described problems. fed back to a series resonant circuit via the feedback part 15 [0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Applica- 2, thereby forming an oscillation loop. Note that 31 in Fig. tion Laid-open No. Hei 10-209714 [Patent Document 2] 13 denotes a buffer amplifier that amplifies the frequency Japanese Patent Application openLaid- No. signal and outputs it to the outside. Further, 16, T3 and 2007-201772 L denote an input terminal, an output terminal part and [0008] Further prior art, which refers to this technical an inductance element, respectively. Although the illus- 20 field can be found in document US 5,532,651, disclosing tration is omitted, the VCO is disposed on a base sub- a "tunable voltage controlled oscillator having microstip strate made of ceramics such as LTCC (Low Tempera- resonator with cuts for better tuning". ture Co-fired Ceramics) using alumina (Al 2O3) as a main [0009] Further prior art, which refers to this technical component, for instance. field can be found in document US 6,072,371, disclosing [0003] Here, if the VCO is used in a high frequency 25 a "quenchable VCO for switched band synthesizer ap- band of, for example, several GHz or several tens of GHz plications". by increasing an oscillation frequency thereof, problems [0010] The present invention has been made based as follows occur. Specifically, in a high frequency band, on such circumstances, and an object thereof is to pro- the VCO may become a distributed constant circuit in vide a voltage controlled oscillator capable of being treat- whicha size of the substrate becomeslarger than a wave- 30 ed as a lumped constant circuit, having small size and length of electrical signal processed (output) by the capable of obtaining an oscillation frequency in a high above-described VCO, and in such a case, there is a frequency band. possibility such that signals whose amplitudes are re- [0011] The object is solved by what is defined in claim versed flow on the substrate, and these signals interfere 1. with each other, which results in outputting no electrical 35 [0012] A further advantageous modification is set forth signal, or the size of the substrate including the VCO has in claim 2. to be reduced to a size with which a practical manufac- [0013] According to the present invention, a voltage turing becomes difficult. controlled oscillator is formed by providing a resonance [0004] For instance, the VCO is disposed on a not- part and a feedback part on a quartz-crystal substrate shown base substrate made of ceramics such as LTCC 40 whose relative dielectric constant ε is small to be about using alumina (Al2O3) as a main component. The LTCC 4.0, so that even when the voltage controlled oscillator has a relative dielectric constant ε of about 9 to 10, for is formed on a substrate which is larger than a substrate example, so that an apparent wavelength of electrical madeof ceramics, for instance, theoscillator can be treat- signal propagating on the substrate becomes shorter ed as a lumped constant circuit, which enables a frequen- than an actual wavelength. Accordingly, in order to sup- 45 cysignal ina high frequency band of, forexample, several press the interference of electrical signals, it is preferable GHz or several tens of GHz to be stably oscillated. to reduce a size of the substrate to, for example, about 1/10 of the wavelength of the electrical signal, but, in Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a VCO as an ex- reality, it is difficult to form electric circuits or mount elec- ample of an embodiment of an electric circuit of the tronic components on a substrate with such a size. 50 present invention; [0005] Furthermore, in a VCO mounted in a radio com- Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing an external ap- munication device that outputs an electrical signal with pearance of the above-described VCO; a quite high frequency, which is, for example, an electrical Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the above-described signal in a GHz band (microwave), it is conceivable that VCO; a) an output signal of the VCO outputting a signal having 55 Fig. 4 is a side view showing the above-described a frequency lower than the frequency band is multiplied, VCO; b) GaAs (gallium arsenide compound) or the like is used Fig. 5 is an enlarged plan view showing the above- as a base substrate, and c) a cavity resonator is used. described VCO; 2 3 EP 2 320 560 B1 4 Fig. 6 is a plan view showing a circuit part on sub- itor 12, and a series circuit of capacitors 22, 23 serving strate of the above-described VCO; as feedback capacitance elements and connected be- Fig. 7 is a side view showing the above-described tween a connection point between the capacitor 12 and circuit part on substrate; the base of the transistor 21 and a ground. An emitter of Fig. 8 is an enlarged plan view showing the above- 5 the transistor 21 is connected to a connection point be- described circuit part on substrate; tween the capacitors 22 and 23, and grounded via an Fig. 9 is a characteristic diagram showing an output inductance 24 and a resistance 25. The transistor 21 is frequency characteristic obtained by the above-de- provided in a chip of an IC circuit part (LSI) 3 indicated scribed VCO; by a dotted line, and the base and the emitter of the tran- Fig. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing a phase 10 sistor 21 are respectively connected to both ends of the noise characteristic obtained by the above-de- capacitor 22 via terminal parts (electrodes) T1, T2 of the scribed VCO; chip. Fig. 11 is a plan view showing an another configu- [0017] In the circuit according to the present example, ration example of the above-described circuit part when the control voltage is input into the input terminal on substrate; 15 16 from the outside, oscillation is made at a frequency Fig.
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