DOCSLIB.ORG

114 Sviatlana Marozava ESTABLISHMENT of the GRAND

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
114 Sviatlana Marozava ESTABLISHMENT of the GRAND Acta of the Congress Held at Hernen Castle in May 1997 / ed. K. Ciggaar, H. Teule. Leuven, 1999. P. 29–105. 107. Willemi Tyrensis Archiepiscopi Chronicon / ed. R. B. C. Huygens. Turnhout , 1986. 1171 p. 108. William of Tyre. A History of Deeds Done beyond the Sea: in 2 vols. / trans., annot. E. A. Babcock, A. C. Krey. New York, 1943. 109. Youtie H. C. A Gothenburg Papyrus and the Letter to Abgar // The Harvard Theological Review. 1930. Vol. XXIII. № 4. P. 299–302. 110. Matt‘eos Uṙhayetsi. Zhamanakagrut‘iwn / grabar bnagirə M. Melik‘- Adamyani ev N. Ter-Mik‘ayelyani, ashkh. t‘argm. ev neratz. H. Bart‘ikyani. Yerevan, 1991. 540 ēǰ: [Matthew of Edessa. The Chronography / ed. M. Melik‘-Adamyan, N. Ter-Mik‘ayelyan, trans. in modern Armenian and annot. H. Bart‘ikyan. Yerevan, 1991. 540 p.]. Doctor of Science (History), professor, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Faculty of History, Communication and Tourism, Professor of the Department of the History of Belarus, Archeology and Special Historical Sciences phone: +375 29 589 09 49 Sviatlana Marozava ESTABLISHMENT OF THE GRAND DUCHY OF LITHUANIA (MID XIII – THIRD QUARTER OF XIV CENTURIES): A VIEW FROM BELARUS ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ ВЕЛИКОГО КНЯЖЕСТВА ЛИТОВСКОГО (СЕРЕДИНА ХІІІ – ТРЕТЬЯ ЧЕТВЕРТЬ XIV ВЕКА): ВЗГЛЯД ИЗ БЕЛАРУСИ Summary. The change of the conceptual approaches of the East Slavic historiography of the ХХ century to the problem of the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the role of this state in the fate of the Belarusian people and the current state of this problem are shown in the article. The prerequisites, internal and external causes of the formation of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania are considered. It is traced the activity of the frst great princes Mindaug, Voishelk, Vyten to create and strengthen a new state, its growth in the geographical and political space of Europe under Gedymin and Algierd and the value of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the history of Belarus. Key words: the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, formation, basic concepts, reasons of formation, growth, importance, Belarus. Basic concepts of establishment of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The Grand Duchy of Lithuania is a large and strong European state, that was established in the middle XIII – third quarter of the XIV centuries as a union of 114 Baltic and Slavic peoples and existed more than 500 years. The structure of the Great Duchy of Lithuania included the territory of modern Belarus and Lithuania (until 1795), Ukraine (until 1569), some lands of Russia (up to the 30th of the XVI century) and Poland, Latvia, Estonia and Moldova. Until the 1990th the interpretation of the history of the Great Duchy of Lithuania (GDL) in the Belarusian science was determined, as a rule, not by the Belarusian historians. Historians of the neighboring countries treat the history of the GDL, based on the national and state priorities of their countries and peoples. Russian and Polish historiography ignored the GDL as an independent subject of the history. For the Polish science it was a major peripheral province of Poland. Russian historians wrote the history of Belarus as a regional version of the history of Russia, proved “unfaithful” stay of Belarus in the GDL and, accordingly, the correct of its inclusion into the Russian Empire in the late XVIII century. Lithuanian historians argued that the GDL is the Lithuanian state, subjugated the lands of Belarus, Ukraine and part of Russia [1, p. 37–38; 2, p. 174–175]. In the 1910th–1920th Belarusian national historiography built its own concept of the past of Belarus (the works of V. Lastovsky, M. Dovnar-Zapolsky, V. Picheta etc.). It drew attention to the signifcant role of Belarusians in establishment and development of the GDL, claimed the fact of voluntary recognition of the power of Grand Dukes of Lithuania by the Belarusian land, considered the GDL as the state-federation, which arose as a result of a contractual union of the territories, stated the quantitative and qualitative preference of Belarusians in the GDL [1, p. 48; 3]. But the beginning of a study in the BSSR the problems of the history of the GDL were dashed by the extension of authoritarian tendencies in the USSR. In the1930th the affrmations about the voluntary unifcation of Belarus and Lithuania in the GDL, about the state status of the Belarusian language in the GDL, about the rise of the economy and culture of Belarus in the XVI century, about the progressive infuence of the countries of Central and Western Europe on the Belarusian culture were announced nationalist and anti-scientifc. Several researchers of Belarusian history of the XIII–XVIII centuries were unreasonably persecuted and their works were banned. The Soviet historiography of the 30-50th the past of non-Russian peoples of the USSR explained from the position of Russian centrism, from the idea of Russian guardianship over their political and cultural development. The imperative of their developing was proclaimed their thirst for “reunifcation” with Moscow, the ideals of their own statehood were proclaimed “reactionary” and “bourgeois”. Russian annexation of non-Russian lands was presented as “progressive” phenomenon; their political leaders were evaluated on their sympathies or antipathies towards Russia [4]. The defnition of the GDL as “the Lithuanian-Belarusian state”, which previously has been considered the norm, disappeared from the historical science. The GDL began to interpret as the Lithuanian state. 115 The Soviet concept of the GDL, set out in 1959 in the monograph of V. Pashuta “The formation of the Lithuanian State” [5], approved, that the territory of the chronicle Lithuania practically coincided with the territory of the Lithuanian SSR. There was created a strong state of Lithuanians, that gradually took control of much part of the East Slavic lands, malnourished by the struggle with the Mongols and the Crusaders. This version made the greatest infuence on the Belarusian historiography of genesis of the GDL. Prior to 1990th Belarusian historians used this scheme of formation of the GDL, even if did not recognized it [1, p. 49]. The Soviet, including the Belarusian historiography of the 30-80th justifed the leading role of the medieval Russia in the history the Eastern Europe. The Grand Duchy of Moscow was usually considered the only legal successor and the center of “gathering” of the political heritage of the ancient Rus. The activities of the Lithuanian Grand Dukes of collecting land around Novogrudok and Vilno seemed destructive, aggressive. This prevented an objective study of the problem of the status of East Slavic lands in the GDL [2, p. 176]. In the fact the postulates of pre-revolutionary Russian historiography were reborn in the Belarusian science of 30-80th: about the seizure of the Belarusian lands by the Lithuanian feudal lords; about the GDL as the state, foreign for Belarusians; about primordial thrust of the working population of Belarus to the “reunifcation” with Russia; about liberation character of tsarist foreign policy actions in Belarus and others. Although the sector of the Belarusian history of the era of feudalism was established at the academic Institute of History in the 1980th, actually the history of the GDL was not studied. Only some questions of the socio-economic and cultural history of Belarus of this era were usually dealt in different historical periods, without their connection with the history of the GDL state. GDL was not even mentioned in scientifc texts as if there was not such a state, and Belarus simply independently existed in space and time, waiting for its accession to the Russian Empire [6, p. 19]. Changes in the Soviet society, which began in the second half of 1980th – the restructuring and democratization, the collapse of the USSR and receive sovereignty by Belarus extremely intensifed interest in the history of the GDL and the role therein of the Belarusians. The central theme of scientifc debates of the 1990th – the beginning of the XXI century in the Belarusian historiography was the problem of the origin and formation of the GDL and the role of the Belarusian factor in this process. During discussions this problem has been subjected to a radical conceptual revision [7]. A large role in shaping of the modern Belarusian concept of the establishment and early history of the GDL played the works of M. Yermalovich [8–11], V. Nasevich [12] and A. Krautsevich [13–16]. The frst, who spoke against the Soviet historiography’s stereotype that the GDL was a foreign state for Belarusians and they did not have any relation to it, was M. Yermalovich [1, p. 49] in the works “On the trail of one myth” (Minsk, 116 1989) [8], “Ancient Belarus. Polotsk and Novogorod periods” (Minsk, 1990) [9], “The Belarusian State Grand Duchy of Lithuania” (Minsk, 2003) [11]. The works of V. Nasevich [12] and A. Krautsevich [13–16] are representing in the modern Belarusian historiography two main approaches to the history of establishment of the GDL and the role of Belarusian lands and their people in the process. V. Nasevich believes that in the early stages of statebuilding processes of the GDL the priority belonged to the Lithuanian political elite. According to A. Krautsevich, the GDL was originally biethnical state formation with the dominance of East Slavic element [1, p. 49-50]. He proves that the formation of the GDL was caused by close and not hostile Baltic-Slavic contacts – military and political Lithuanian-Belarusian cooperation and interaction with the dominant political and economic role of the Belarusian lands. The frst ethnic contact zone – the territory along the upper and middle course of the Neman, inhabited by mixed Baltic-Slavic population, – became the historical core of the GDL.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth As a Political Space: Its Unity and Complexity*
    Chapter 8 The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as a Political Space: Its Unity and Complexity* Satoshi Koyama Introduction The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Rzeczpospolita) was one of the largest states in early modern Europe. In the second half of the sixteenth century, after the union of Lublin (1569), the Polish-Lithuanian state covered an area of 815,000 square kilometres. It attained its greatest extent (990,000 square kilometres) in the first half of the seventeenth century. On the European continent there were only two larger countries than Poland-Lithuania: the Grand Duchy of Moscow (c.5,400,000 square kilometres) and the European territories of the Ottoman Empire (840,000 square kilometres). Therefore the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was the largest country in Latin-Christian Europe in the early modern period (Wyczański 1973: 17–8). In this paper I discuss the internal diversity of the Commonwealth in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and consider how such a huge territorial complex was politically organised and integrated. * This paper is a part of the results of the research which is grant-aided by the ‘Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research’ program of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science in 2005–2007. - 137 - SATOSHI KOYAMA 1. The Internal Diversity of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Poland-Lithuania before the union of Lublin was a typical example of a composite monarchy in early modern Europe. ‘Composite state’ is the term used by H. G. Koenigsberger, who argued that most states in early modern Europe had been ‘composite states, including more than one country under the sovereignty of one ruler’ (Koenigsberger, 1978: 202).
    [Show full text]
  • Lithuanian Synagogues: from the First Descriptions to Systematic Research
    arts Article Lithuanian Synagogues: From the First Descriptions to Systematic Research Vilma Gradinskaite Independent scholar, 05224 Vilnius, Lithuania; [email protected] Received: 4 March 2020; Accepted: 15 May 2020; Published: 21 May 2020 Abstract: The article presents an analysis of the development stages of synagogue research methodology in Lithuania during the four major historical periods of the country—Lithuania in the Russian Empire (1795–1918), Vilnius Region in the interwar period and the independent Republic of Lithuania (1918–1940), the Soviet period (1940–1990), and the independent Republic of Lithuania restored in 1990. Each chapter of the article deals with the issues of synagogue research, heritage conservation and management, while the part about the restored independent Republic of Lithuania and modern days includes topical issues related to synagogue restoration, commemoration and putting them into operation. The study uses two different sources: archival materials and publications. Written sources and publications are reviewed in chronological order and start from the end of the 18th century. The study employs several research methods—the historical descriptive method, the comparative method and the analysis method. Keywords: Lithuania; synagogues; conservation; restoration; renovation; rebuilding; management; commemoration 1. Introduction The article presents several fields of study: (1) a review of the first descriptions of synagogues in Lithuania; (2) an analysis of the development stages of synagogue research methodology in Lithuania; and (3) a brief reference to synagogue restoration, renovation, rebuilding, commemoration and putting into operation—topics which are currently particularly live in Lithuania today. It is not possible to understand the existing trends in synagogue research in Lithuania without considering the country’s past—the times of the Russian Empire, the interwar period and the Soviet period.
    [Show full text]
  • Belarus – the Unfulfilled Phenomena: the Prospects of Social Mobilization
    14 Jovita Pranevičiūtė* Institute of International Relations and Political Science, University of Vilnius Belarus – the Unfulfilled Phenomena: The Prospects of Social Mobilization For more than ten years Belarus has be under authoritarian rule and it has been difficult to explain this phenomenon. The rhetoric of the Belarusian elites – governing and oppositional – is analyzed as the main tool of the struggle to mobilize society for collec- tive action in the political fight. The rhetoric of the ruling elite, and also the opposition, is analyzed in three dimensions: how competing elites are talking about the glorious past; the degraded present; and the utopian future. Through collective action, the nation will reverse the conditions that have caused its present degradation and recover its original harmonious essence. The main aim of this study is to demonstrate that in short - and perhaps even in the medium-run - the Belarusian president Alexander Lukahenko will remain in power due to the successful employment of the trinomial rhetorical structure. The conclusions can be shocking meaning that the ruling elite has been able to persuade society that the glorious past has been realized in the times of Soviet Union and at the moment Belarus is living in the conditions of utopian future, i.e. future is a reality, nonetheless the short period of the opposition ruin rule in the nineties and negative actions of opposition in nowadays. While the utopian reality is based at least on the ideas of economical survival and believes that all the aims of society have been reached already, the opposition has no chance to mobilize a critical part of society to ensure the support to its own ideas and to get in to power.
    [Show full text]
  • Elaboration of Priority Components of the Transboundary Neman/Nemunas River Basin Management Plan (Key Findings)
    Elaboration of Priority Components of the Transboundary Neman/Nemunas River Basin Management Plan (Key Findings) June 2018 Disclaimer: This report was prepared with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................... 3 1 OVERVIEW OF THE NEMAN RIVER BASIN ON THE TERRITORY OF BELARUS ............................... 5 1.1 General description of the Neman River basin on the territory of Belarus .......................... 5 1.2 Description of the hydrographic network ............................................................................. 9 1.3 General description of land runoff changes and projections with account of climate change........................................................................................................................................ 11 2 IDENTIFICATION (DELINEATION) AND TYPOLOGY OF SURFACE WATER BODIES IN THE NEMAN RIVER BASIN ON THE TERRITORY OF BELARUS ............................................................................. 12 3 IDENTIFICATION (DELINEATION) AND MAPPING OF GROUNDWATER BODIES IN THE NEMAN RIVER BASIN ................................................................................................................................... 16 4 IDENTIFICATION OF SOURCES OF HEAVY IMPACT AND EFFECTS OF HUMAN ACTIVITY ON SURFACE WATER BODIES
    [Show full text]
  • Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past: a Comparative Study on Memory Management in the Region
    CBEES State of the Region Report 2020 Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past A Comparative Study on Memory Management in the Region Published with support from the Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies (Östersjstiftelsen) Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past A Comparative Study on Memory Management in the Region December 2020 Publisher Centre for Baltic and East European Studies, CBEES, Sdertrn University © CBEES, Sdertrn University and the authors Editor Ninna Mrner Editorial Board Joakim Ekman, Florence Frhlig, David Gaunt, Tora Lane, Per Anders Rudling, Irina Sandomirskaja Layout Lena Fredriksson, Serpentin Media Proofreading Bridget Schaefer, Semantix Print Elanders Sverige AB ISBN 978-91-85139-12-5 4 Contents 7 Preface. A New Annual CBEES Publication, Ulla Manns and Joakim Ekman 9 Introduction. Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past, David Gaunt and Tora Lane 15 Background. Eastern and Central Europe as a Region of Memory. Some Common Traits, Barbara Trnquist-Plewa ESSAYS 23 Victimhood and Building Identities on Past Suffering, Florence Frhlig 29 Image, Afterimage, Counter-Image: Communist Visuality without Communism, Irina Sandomirskaja 37 The Toxic Memory Politics in the Post-Soviet Caucasus, Thomas de Waal 45 The Flag Revolution. Understanding the Political Symbols of Belarus, Andrej Kotljarchuk 55 Institutes of Trauma Re-production in a Borderland: Poland, Ukraine, and Lithuania, Per Anders Rudling COUNTRY BY COUNTRY 69 Germany. The Multi-Level Governance of Memory as a Policy Field, Jenny Wstenberg 80 Lithuania. Fractured and Contested Memory Regimes, Violeta Davoliūtė 87 Belarus. The Politics of Memory in Belarus: Narratives and Institutions, Aliaksei Lastouski 94 Ukraine. Memory Nodes Loaded with Potential to Mobilize People, Yuliya Yurchuk 106 Czech Republic.
    [Show full text]
  • The Polish-Lithuanian Monarchy in European Context, C.1500–1795
    The Polish-Lithuanian Monarchy in European Context, c.1500–1795 The Polish-Lithuanian Monarchy in European Context, c.1500–1795 Edited by Richard Butterwick Lecturer in Modern European History Queen’s University Belfast Northern Ireland Editorial matter, selection and Introduction © Richard Butterwick 2001 Chapter 10 © Richard Butterwick 2001 Chapters 1–9 © Palgrave Publishers Ltd 2001 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2001 978-0-333-77382-6 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 0LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2001 by PALGRAVE Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE is the new global academic imprint of St. Martin’s Press LLC Scholarly and Reference Division and Palgrave Publishers Ltd (formerly Macmillan Press Ltd). ISBN 978-1-349-41618-9 ISBN 978-0-333-99380-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780333993804 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources.
    [Show full text]
  • Specialties of Academic Programs of the Belarusian State University of Culture and Arts
    SPECIALTIES OF ACADEMIC PROGRAMS OF THE BELARUSIAN STATE UNIVERSITY OF CULTURE AND ARTS Reference book MINSK BSUCA 2013 CONTENTS Specialties of the first stage of higher education FACULTY OF CULTUROLOGY AND SOCIOCULTURAL ACTIVITY Specialty 1-21 04 01 Culturology (according to directions) Specialization 1-21 04 01-01 01 Theory and History of Culture …………………….6 Specialization 1-21 04 01-02 01 Management in Social and Cultural Area …………7 Specialization 1-21 04 01-02 02 Management of International Cultural Relations ….8 Specialization1-21 04 01-02 03 Advertising Management and Public Relations ……9 Specialization1-21 04 01-02 04 Information Systems in Culture …………………..10 Specialty 1-23 01 14 Sociocultural Activity (according to directions) Specialization 1-23 01 14 01 Organization and Methodology of Sociocultural Activity in Leisure and Recreation Establishments, 1-23 01 14 03 Organization and Methodology of Sociocultural Activity at Health Resort and Tourist and sport Establishments ………………………………………………………………………11 Specialty 1-21 04 02 Art Criticism (according to directions) Specialization 1-21 04 02-05 01 Comparative Art Criticism ……………………….12 FACULTY OF INFORMATION AND DOCUMENT COMMUNICATIONS 1-23 01 11 Library Science and Bibliography (according to directions) Specialization 23 01 11-01 01 Library Marketing …………………………………..13 Specialization 1-23 01 11-01 03 Cultural and Leisure Activity …………………….14 Specialization 1-23 01 11-01 04 Library Service for Children and Youth …………15 Specialization 1-23 01 11-01 05 Library Science and Bibliography
    [Show full text]
  • Acdsee PDF Image
    LIE TV V OS • • UDK 902/904(474.5) Li-227 Redaktorill kolegija: Doc. dr. Valdemaras Simenas (ats. redaktorius) (Lietuvos istorijos institutas, ViLnius) Dr. Anna Bitner-Wr6blewska (Valstybinis archeoLogijos muziejus VarSuvoje, Lenkija) Doc. dr. Rimantas lankauskas (Vilniaus ulliversitetas, Lietuva) Prof. dr. Eugenijus lovaisa (ViLniaus pedagoginis universitetas, Lietuva) Prof. dr. Vladimir Kulakov (Rusijos archeologijos institutas, Maskva) Prof. dr. Valter Lang (Tartu universitetas, Estija) Doc. dr. Algimantas Merkevicius (Vilniaus universitetas, Lietuva) Dr. Tomas Ostrauskas (sudarytojas) (Lietuvos istorijos institutas, ViLnius) Dr. Gintautas Rackevicius (Pili/{ tyrimo centras "Lietuvos pilys", ViLnius) Dr. Arms RadiQs (Latvijos nacionalinis istorijos muziejus, Ryga) Dr. Eugenijus Svetikas (Lietuvos istorijos institutas, ViLnius) Dr. Gediminas VaitkeviCius (Lietuvos istorijos instilulas, ViLnius) Dr. Vykintas Vaitkevicius (Klaipedos lIniversitelas, Lietuva) Doc. dr. Ilona VaskeviciUte (Lietuvos istorijos institutas, Vilnius) Dr. Gintautas Zabiela (Klaipedos universitetas, Lietuva) Dovile UrbanaviciUte (atsakinga sekreton':) (Lietuvos istorijos institutas, Vilnius) ISSN 0207-8694 © Lietuvos istorijos institutas, 2007 ISBN 978-9986-23-138-7 © Straipsni4 autoriai, 2007 )POKHH LlETUVOS ARCHEOLOGlJA. 2007. T. 31, p. 23-38. ISS 0207-8694 CULTU L IDENTIFICATION OF "TIlE CORDED • lOpHHK TERIALS" FROM BELORUSSIAN RIVER BASIN Hom HCTOPH- V ADZIM L. LAKIZA Results ofstudy ofheritage ofthe Corded Ware Culture in the Nemunas River basin are presented in the article. 2 groups ofsites are distinguished by the author: Bershty-Rusakovo group which formation was carried out on the basis of the local late Neolithic Neman culture under strong influence of alien components: "A-horizon" of the Corded Ware, Globular Amphorae, Single Grave, Rzucewo culture; Podgornaya group ofsites with features of the Middle Dnieper Culture. Keywords: The Late eolitthic, the Early Bronze Age, the Corded Ware Culture, the Neolithic emunas Culture, the Middle Dnieper Culture, the Trzciniec Culture.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution of the Belarusian National Movement in The
    EVOLUTION OF THE BELARUSIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT IN THE PAGES OF PERIODICALS (1914-1917) By Aliaksandr Bystryk Submitted to Central European University Nationalism Studies Program In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Advisor: Professor Maria Kovacs Secondary advisor: Professor Alexei Miller CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2013 Abstract Belarusian national movement is usually characterised by its relative weakness delayed emergence and development. Being the weakest movement in the region, before the WWI, the activists of this movement mostly engaged in cultural and educational activities. However at the end of First World War Belarusian national elite actively engaged in political struggles happening in the territories of Western frontier of the Russian empire. Thus the aim of the thesis is to explain how the events and processes caused by WWI influenced the national movement. In order to accomplish this goal this thesis provides discourse and content analysis of three editions published by the Belarusian national activists: Nasha Niva (Our Field), Biełarus (The Belarusian) and Homan (The Clamour). The main findings of this paper suggest that the anticipation of dramatic social and political changes brought by the war urged national elite to foster national mobilisation through development of various organisations and structures directed to improve social cohesion within Belarusian population. Another important effect of the war was that a part of Belarusian national elite formulated certain ideas and narratives influenced by conditions of Ober-Ost which later became an integral part of Belarusian national ideology. CEU eTD Collection i Table of Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1. Between krajowość and West-Russianism: The Development of the Belarusian National Movement Prior to WWI .....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Nationalism in the Soviet and Post-Soviet Space: the Cases of Belarus and Ukraine Goujon, Alexandra
    www.ssoar.info Nationalism in the Soviet and post-Soviet space: the cases of Belarus and Ukraine Goujon, Alexandra Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Arbeitspapier / working paper Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Goujon, A. (1999). Nationalism in the Soviet and post-Soviet space: the cases of Belarus and Ukraine. (Arbeitspapiere des Osteuropa-Instituts der Freien Universität Berlin, Arbeitsschwerpunkt Politik, 22). Berlin: Freie Universität Berlin, Osteuropa-Institut Abt. Politik. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-440316 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Deposit-Lizenz (Keine This document is made available under Deposit Licence (No Weiterverbreitung - keine Bearbeitung) zur Verfügung gestellt. Redistribution - no modifications). We grant a non-exclusive, non- Gewährt wird ein nicht exklusives, nicht übertragbares, transferable, individual and limited right to using this document. persönliches und beschränktes Recht auf Nutzung dieses This document is solely intended for your personal, non- Dokuments. Dieses Dokument ist ausschließlich für commercial use. All of the copies of this documents must retain den persönlichen, nicht-kommerziellen Gebrauch bestimmt. all copyright information and other information regarding legal Auf sämtlichen Kopien dieses Dokuments müssen alle protection. You are not allowed to alter this document in any Urheberrechtshinweise und sonstigen Hinweise auf gesetzlichen way, to copy it for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the Schutz beibehalten werden. Sie dürfen dieses Dokument document in public, to perform, distribute or otherwise use the nicht in irgendeiner Weise abändern, noch dürfen Sie document in public. dieses Dokument für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke By using this particular document, you accept the above-stated vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, aufführen, vertreiben oder conditions of use.
    [Show full text]
  • The Grand Duchy of Lithuania As a Successor of Rome in the Early
    Open Political Science, 2018; 1: 170–181 Research Article Joanna Orzeł* From imagination to political reality? The Grand Duchy of Lithuania as a successor of Rome in the early modern historiography (15th–18th centuries)# https://doi.org/10.1515/openps-2018-0015 received December 17, 2018; accepted December 31, 2018. Abstract: At the beginning of the Renaissance Lithuanians understood that to join the civilization of Western Europe, it was necessary to have an appropriate (it means: very long) tradition. Like other countries, they had to create their own myth of origin. The most prestigious tradition was Greek-Roman antiquity, so the country’s origin story was invented, claiming its people descended directly from Rome. According to subsequent chronicles, the founder of the new state was Palemon (Publius Libon, initially Vilia). Using the theory of cultural memory of Jan and Aleida Assmann, the article presents how and why the Lithuanian myth of origin was transformed from 15th to the end of the 18th century. Particular attention was paid to the current needs of the state and the powerful noble families of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which also found their origins in the state myth. During the early modern period, the changes in the story were made (including the date of Palemon’s arrival in the Lithuanian lands). Nonetheless, the myth was not questioned for a long time. Even once it had already been established that it was no more than a fairy tale, the story was revived again, performing other functions in the 19th century. Keywords: cultural memory; foundation myth; mythical genealogy; Palemon; the Grand Duchy of Lithuania; Polish- Lithuanian historiography; Greco-Roman antiquity in early modern period.
    [Show full text]
  • Geography and Economy of the Kaliningrad Region: Limitations and Prospects of Development Sebentsov, Alexander B.; Zotova, Maria V
    www.ssoar.info Geography and economy of the Kaliningrad region: limitations and prospects of development Sebentsov, Alexander B.; Zotova, Maria V. Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Zeitschriftenartikel / journal article Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Sebentsov, A. B., & Zotova, M. V. (2013). Geography and economy of the Kaliningrad region: limitations and prospects of development. Baltic Region, 4, 81-94. https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2013-4-8 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Free Digital Peer Publishing Licence This document is made available under a Free Digital Peer zur Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu den DiPP-Lizenzen Publishing Licence. For more Information see: finden Sie hier: http://www.dipp.nrw.de/lizenzen/dppl/service/dppl/ http://www.dipp.nrw.de/lizenzen/dppl/service/dppl/ Diese Version ist zitierbar unter / This version is citable under: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-51241-9 Being an axclave, the Kaliningrad re- GEOGRAPHY AND ECONOMY gion has been drawing attention of many OF THE KALININGRAD researchers in different fields. Yet the pros- pects for cooperation between the region REGION: and neighbouring communities in Poland and Lithuania, which once constituted an LIMITATIONS integrated social, economic and political AND PROSPECTS space, remain unclear. Media analysts and scholars alike tend to view the Kaliningrad OF DEVELOPMENT region as “double periphery”, since it is ex- cluded from major modernisation processes both in the European integration zone and in the Russian Federation. However, a de- A. Sebentsov* tailed study involving polyscale socioeco- * nomic indices, expert interviews, and sur- M. Zotova veys run contrary to this viewpoint.
    [Show full text]