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United States Patent 19 11 Patent Number: 4,960,431 Cordova Et Al

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United States Patent 19 11 Patent Number: 4,960,431 Cordova Et Al United States Patent 19 11 Patent Number: 4,960,431 Cordova et al. (45. Date of Patent: Oct. 2, 1990 54 WET ABRASION RESISTANTYARN AND 4,129,507 12/1978 Marshall et al. ..................... 252/8.9 CORDAGE: AQUEOUS FINISH WITH 4,293,460 10/1981 Marshall et al. ... ... 252A3.6 OXDZED POLYETHYLENE AND 4,371,658 2/1983 Marshall et al. ...... a 252/8.6 AMMONUM HYDROXDE FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS 75 Inventors: Colleen W. Cordova, Midlothian; 1087914 10/1967 United Kingdom . Robert M. Marshall, Chester, both of Va. Primary Examiner-A. Lionel Clingman 73) Assignee: Allied-Signal Inc., Morris Township, (57) ABSTRACT Morris County, N.J. Aqueous overfinish compositions, yarns treated there (21) Appl. No.: 194241 with, and methods of producing wet abrasion resistant cordage from the yarn are all disclosed. One of the 22 Filed: May 16, 1988 compositions includes an oxidized polyethylene emulsi fied with a nonnitrogen, nonionic emulsifier and neu Related U.S. Application Data tralized with an alkali hydroxide, and a compound se 62 Division of Ser. No. 791,007, Oct. 24, 1985, abandoned. lected from the group consisting of a siloxane of the (51) Int, C. ..................... D06M 11/00; B32B 27/34; comonomers dimethyl and 3-((2-aminoethyl)aminopro D02G 3/00 pyll, and an amide melamine wax. An alternate finish (52) U.S. C. ...................................... 8/115.6; 252/8.6; composition comprises an oxidized polyethylene, neu 252/8.9; 252/89. 1; 428/395; 524/585 tralized with ammonium hydroxide and emulsified with (58 Field of Search ......................................... 8/115.6 a non-nitrogen, nonionic emulsifier. Yarn treated with this alternate finish has enhanced wet abrasion resis 56) References Cited tance. Yarns of this invention are ideally suited for U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS heavy ropes and other industrial cordage applications 3,060,163 10/1962 Erchak ................................ 52.5/539 where wet and dry abrasion resistance and strength are 3,103,448 9/1963 Ross ............. ... 8/15.6 desirable. 3,322,7 5/1967 Bush et al. ... ... 524/586 3,850,658 11/1974 Gomez et al. ...................... 252/8.75 6 Claims, 1 Drawing Sheet U.S. Patent Oct. 2, 1990 4,960,431 4,960,431 1. 2 abrasion, solids retention on the yarn (an indicator of WET ABRASION RESISTANTYARN AND durability of the coating) after prolonged exposure to CORDAGE: AQUEOUS FINISH WITH OXIDIZED water has been unsatisfactory with some of these coat POLYETHYLENE AND AMMONUM ings, and the wet abrasion resistance has not always HYDROXIDE 5 translated to rope made of the yarn. This application is a division of application Ser. No. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 791,007, filed Oct. 24, 1985. In accordance with this invention, there is provided an aqueous overfinish for application to a yarn, prefera BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION O bly synthetic, comprising an oxidized polyethylene, 1. Field of the Invention neutralized with ammonium hydroxide and emulsified The present invention relates to aqueous overfinish with a non-nitrogen, nonionic emulsifier. Also in accor compositions, yarns treated therewith and methods of dance with this invention, there are provided yarns producing wet abrasion resistant cordage from the yarn. treated with the aforementioned composition and More specifically, the present invention relates to aque- 15 method of producing a wet abrasion resistant cordage ous overfinishes for application to yarns of polyamide, therefrom. polyester or polyolefin to improve wet and dry abrasion Further, in accordance with this invention, there is resistance thereof as well as that of cordage made there provided a method of producing a wet abrasion resis from. tant cordage from yarn comprising treating the yarn, 2. Description of the Prior Art 20 after drawing, with an effective amount of an aqueous Cordage products designed for prolonged contact overfinish composition having an oil portion which with water need to have wet abrasion resistance. This comprises about 20 to 80 weight percent of an oxidized invention is directed to enhancing wet abrasion resis polyethylene emulsified with a non-nitrogen, nonionic tance for cordage made from natural and/or synthetic emulsifier and neutralized with an alkali hydroxide; and fibers. The general term yarn is used herein to include 25 about 80 to 20 weight percent of a compound selected mono- and multifilaments, fiber, thread, yarn or other from the group consisting of a siloxane of the comono similar forms. Preferred are synthetic continuous fila mers dimethyl and 3-(2-aminoethyl)-aminopropyl), and ments. an amide melamine wax. Cords or ropes fabricated of the yarns treated in ac The synthetic yarns of the present invention prefera cordance with the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 3 103448 30 bly are chosen from the group of polyesters, polyamides to Ross are more resistant to wet and dry chafing abra and polyolefins. However, any yarn for heavy duty sion. Drawn or undrawn synthetic continuous filament cordage end use where the yarn (in rope/cord form) yarns, especially nylon, are treated with an aqueous will get wet and need both wet abrasion resistance and emulsion of an oxidized polyethylene (See U.S. Pat. No. strength is comtemplated, e.g., towing, anchoring, haw 3 060 163 to Erchak, Jr.). Further, the coatings of oxi- 35 sers, deep sea moorings, weighted net lines, marine dized polyethylene may be applied alone or with other usages. finish additives, e.g. silicones (column 3, lines 9-31). The preferred polyesters are the linear terephthalate Spin finishes for polyamide yarn which include an polyesters, i.e., polyesters of a glycol containing from 2 oxidized polyethylene are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3 to 20 carbon atoms and a dicarboxylic acid component 917 893, 4 129507, 4293 460 and 4371 658, all to Mar- 40 containing at least about 75 percent, more preferably 90 shall et al. An overfinish for polyester yarn which in percent terephthalic acid. The remainder, if any, of the cludes an oxidized polyethylene is disclosed in U.S. Pat. dicarboxylic acid component may be any suitable dicar No. 3850 658 to Gomez et al. boxylic acid such as sebacic acid, adipic acid, iso Enhanced adhesion and fatigue resistance for polyes phthalic acid, sulfonyl-4,4'dibenzoic acid, 2,8-diben ter and polyamide tire and industrial yarns are achieved 45 zofuran-dicarboxylic acid, or 2,6-naphthalene dicarbox according to U.S. Pat. No. 3 853 607 to Iyengaret al. via ylic acid. The glycols may contain more than two car treatment with a lubricating finish composed of a po bon atoms in the chain, e.g., diethylene glycol, butylene lyorganosiloxane oil and a polyalkylene wax or a micro glycol, decamethylene glycol, and bis-(1,4-hydroxyme crystalline wax dispersed in a dialkylphthalate oil. thyl)cyclohexane. The most preferred linear terephthal Known dressing agents (lubricants) for sewing threads 50 ate polyester is poly(ethylene terephthalate). are polydiorganosiloxane oils or a mixture of these oils Suitable polyamides include, for example, those pre and polyethylene waxes, according to U.S. Pat. No. 3 pared by condensation of hexamethylene diamine and 844 826 to Buchner et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 4394 518 to adipic acid, condensation of hexamethylene diamine Huber et al. states (column 3) that organosilicone com and sebacic acid known as nylon 6,6 and nylon 6,10, pounds of that invention can be applied in admixture 55 respectively, condensation of bis(para-aminocyclohex with other substances previously used to improve slip yl)methane and dodecanedioic acid, or by polymeriza ping or gliding properties of organic fiber, e.g. paraffin tion of 6-caprolactam, 7-aminoheptanoic acid, 8 and/or polyethylene waxes. Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 3 caprolactam, 9-aminopelargonic acid, 11-aminoun 983 272 to Huber et al. teaches improved lubricity or decanoic acid, and 12-dodecalactam known as nylon 6, gliding ability of fibers by coating with a composition 60 nylon 7, nylon 8, nylon 9, nylon 11, and nylon 12, re containing a diorganopolysiloxane, a phosphorus com spectively. Other suitable polyamides include the ara pound and paraffin waxes. All of the prior art patents mids The most preferred polyamide is nylon 6. mentioned above are hereby incorporated by reference. Suitable polyolefins include, for example, polyethyl None of the prior art teaches the required combina ene homopolymer, polypropylene homopolymer, a tion of ingredients to achieve the specific beneficial 65 polyethylene copolymer, and a polypropylene copoly results of the finishes of this invention. More specifi mer. The polyethylene copolymer has at least 90 per cally, although it is known to use coatings of oxidized cent ethylene units and the remainder of the copolymer polyethylene on yarn to improve wet and dry chafing is a diluent such as propylene or butylene. The polypro 4,960,431 3 4. pylene copolymer has at least 90 percent propylene wherein R is ethylhexyl phenol residue and X is 8 to 9; units and the remainder of the copolymer is a diluent “Neutronic 600' wherein R is nonyl phenol residue and such as ethylene or butylene. Most preferred is the X is 9; "Emulphor ELN” wherein R is dodecyl phenol polyethylene homopolymer, commercially available residue and X is 19. from Allied Corporation as SPECTRA-900 or SPEC TRA-1000. 2. Condensation products of fatty acids in polyethyl The siloxane of the present invention is commercially ene glycols having the general formula: available from Henkel Corporation as Repellan 80, a siloxane of the comonomers dimethyl and 3-((2-aminoe thyl)aminopropyl). 10 wherein Ris a long chain alkyl group having from 12 to The amide melamine wax is formed by reacting mela 18 carbon atoms inclusive and X is an integer from 8 to mine with a C6 to C36, more preferably C10 to C18, fatty 40 inclusive.
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