xi E OUTHEAST S TAT D S XPERIENCE Editors E RSIS Monograph No. 25 SIAN THE THE OUTH AN A S HE HE DEMILITARISING DEMILITARISING Rajesh Basrur and Kartik Bommakanti T RSIS Monograph No. 25 DEMILITARISING THE STATE - THE SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIAN EXPERIENCE Rajesh Basrur and Kartik Bommakanti ix RSIS MONOGRAPH NO. 25 DEMILITARISING THE STATE THE SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIAN EXPERIENCE Rajesh Basrur and Kartik Bommakanti Editors S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies Note The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Editors or of RSIS. Copyright © 2012 each author for his or her own chapter Published by S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies Nanyang Technological University South Spine, S4, Level B4, Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Telephone: 6790 6982 Fax: 6793 2991 E-mail:
[email protected] Website: www.rsis.edu.sg First published in 2012 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies. Produced by BOOKSMITH (
[email protected]) ISBN 978-981-07-3466-4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Contributors vii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Rajesh Basrur and Kartik Bommakanti South Asia Chapter 2 Pakistan’s Civil-Military Balance 7 The Fourth Round Ayesha Siddiqa Chapter 3 Demilitarization 30 The Bangladesh Experience Bhumitra Chakma Southeast Asia Chapter 4 Trouble in Thailand 56 Failed Civilian Control amidst Fruitless Demilitarization Paul Chambers Chapter 5 Demilitarizing the State in Indonesia 82 Losing the Impetus for Reform? Leonard C.