DOCSLIB.ORG

Current Essentials : Pediatrics

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Current Essentials : Pediatrics a LANGE medical book CURRENT ESSENTIALS PEDIATRICS Judith M. Sondheimer, MD Professor Emeritus Department of Pediatrics Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition University of Colorado School of Medicine The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-151082-6 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-141256-5. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at [email protected] or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, mod- ify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms. THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICU- LAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. DOI: 10.1036/0071412565 Professional Want to learn more? We hope you enjoy this McGraw-Hill eBook! If you’d like more information about this book, its author, or related books and websites, please click here. To Henry M. Sondheimer This page intentionally left blank For more information about this title, click here Contents Contributors . .vii Preface . .xxiii 1. Respiratory Tract. 1 2. Cardiovascular Disorders . 21 3. Gastrointestinal Tract . 41 4. Liver and Pancreas . 71 5. Kidney and Urinary Tract. 91 6. Neurological and Neuromuscular Disorders. 107 7. Hematologic Disorders . 127 8. Oncology . 147 9. Immunodeficiency Disorders . 159 10. Endocrine Disorders . 171 11. Inborn Errors of Metabolism . 201 12. Genetics and Dysmorphology. 223 13. Dermatology . 249 14. Ophthalmology . 269 15. Dental and Oral Medicine . 279 16. Ear, Nose, and Throat . 285 17. Rheumatic Disorders . 295 18. Orthopedics. 307 vi Contents 19. Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation . 329 20. Neonatal Disorders . 341 21. Adolescent Disorders . 357 22. Developmental and Behavioral Disorders . 363 23. Psychiatric Disorders . 371 24. Child Abuse. 385 25. Emergencies and Injuries . 391 26. Poisoning . 399 27. Bacterial and Spirochetal Infections . 423 28. Viral and Rickettsial Infections . 449 29. Parasitic Infections . 469 30. Fungal Infections . 481 Index . .487 Contributors The topics covered in Current Essentials: Pediatrics are based on chap- ters from the eighteenth edition of Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Pediatrics, edited by William W. Hay, Jr., Myron J. Levin, Judith M. Sondheimer, Robin R. Deterding authored by the following: Frank J. Accurso, MD Professor, Department of Pediatrics Head, Section of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado Daniel R. Ambruso, MD Professor, Department of Pediatrics Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplant Associate Medical Director, Belle Bonfils Blood Center University of Colorado School of Medicine The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado Marsha S. Anderson, MD Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases University of Colorado School of Medicine The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado Vivek Balasubramaniam, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics Section of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado F. Keith Battan, MD, FAAP Attending Pediatrician, Colorado Permanent Medical Group Denver, Colorado Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Click here for terms of use. viii Contributors Timothy A. Benke, MD, PhD Assistant Professor, Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology, and Pharmacology Director, Division of Child Neurology Residency Training Program University of Colorado School of Medicine The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado Timothy J. Bernard, MD Department of Pediatrics and Neurology University of Colorado School of Medicine The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado Mark Boguniewicz, MD Professor, Divisions of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Medical and Research Center University of Colorado School of Medicine Denver, Colorado Robert M. Brayden, MD Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics Section of General and Academic Pediatrics University of Colorado School of Medicine The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado Jeffrey M. Brown, MD, MPH Professor, Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado School of Medicine Director, General Pediatrics Division Denver Health Medical Center Denver, Colorado Joanna M. Burch, MD Assistant Professor, Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics University of Colorado School of Medicine Denver, Colorado Todd C. Carpenter, MD Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics Section of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado Contributors ix Keith Cavanaugh, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics Section of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado H. Peter Chase, MD Professor, Department of Pediatrics Clinical Director Emeritus, Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes University of Colorado School of Medicine Denver, Colorado Matthew F. Daley, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics Section of General and Emergency Medicine Pediatrics University of Colorado School of Medicine The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado Richard C. Dart, MD, PhD Professor, Department of Surgery University of Colorado School of Medicine Director, Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center Denver, Colorado Bert Dech, MD Clinical Instructor, Department of Psychiatry The Children's Hospital Denver, Colorado Robin R. Deterding, MD Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics Section of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado Emily L. Dobyns, MD Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics Section of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado x Contributors Arlene Drack, MD Associate Professor, Departments of Ophthalmology and Pediatrics University of Colorado School of Medicine Rocky Mountain Lions Eye Institute The Children's Hospital Aurora, Colorado Robert E. Eilert, MD Clinical Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Colorado School of Medicine Chairman, Department of Orthopedic Surgery The Children’s Hospital Denver, Colorado George S. Eisenbarth, MD, PhD Professor, Department of Pediatrics Executive Director, Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes University of Colorado School of Medicine Denver, Colorado Ellen R. Elias, MD Associate Professor, Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism University of Colorado School of Medicine Director, Special Care Clinic The Children’s
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Approach to the Patient with Presumed Cellulitis Daniela Kroshinsky, MD,* Marc E
    Approach to the Patient With Presumed Cellulitis Daniela Kroshinsky, MD,* Marc E. Grossman, MD, FACP,† and Lindy P. Fox, MD‡ Dermatologists frequently are consulted in the evaluation and management of the patient with cellulitic-appearing skin. For routine cellulitis, the clinical presentation and patient symptoms are usually sufficient for an accurate diagnosis. However, when the clinical presentation is somewhat atypical, or if the patient fails to respond to appropriate therapy for cellulitis because of routine bacterial pathogens, the differential diagnosis should be rapidly expanded. We discuss the approach to the patient with presumed cellulitis, with an emphasis on the differential diagnosis of cellulitis in both the immunocompetent and immunucompromised patient. Semin Cutan Med Surg 26:168-178 © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. KEYWORDS cellulitis, erysipelas 53-year-old woman with a history of recurrent breast of cellulitis, and telangiectasia and scattered enlarged mes- Acancer diagnosed 2 years before presentation and treated enchymal cells, characteristic of radiation changes. with radiation and chemotherapy (docetaxel, anastrozole, exemestane, gemcitabine) most recently 6 months before presentation was admitted for 3 weeks of worsening chest Clinical Problem wall pain and a rash over her mastectomy scar. Despite 5 days Dermatologists frequently are consulted in the evaluation of empiric antibiotic therapy with doxycycline and vancomy- and management of the patient with cellulitic-appearing cin, the chest wall erythema and pain were increasing. A dermatology consultation was called. An ulceration and sur- skin. Although the dermatologist may be consulted early on rounding erythematous papules were concentrated over the in the patient’s course, more often a dermatology consult is mastectomy scar with ill-defined erythematous patches that requested when a patient fails to respond to treatment.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacterial Infections and Infectious Dermatologic Emergencies.Pdf
    Learning Objectives Common Bacterial Infections recognition treatment complications Infectious Dermatologic Emergencies Necrotizing Fasciitis Toxic Shock Syndromes Normal Skin Flora Major function is to prevent skin infections Provides ecological competition for pathogens Hydrolyzes the lipids in sebum into free fatty acids which are toxic to many bacteria- linoleic and linolenic acid are more inhibitory of Staph Aureus Antimicrobial Peptides from lamellar bodies, Cathelicidins, and Defensins function to control overgrowth of pathogens Normal Skin Flora Aerobic Cocci Staphylococcus epidermidis Most common coccus on human skin All body sites, especially intertriginous areas Staphylococcus aureus More common in Atopic Dermatitis, Diabetes Mellitus, Hemodialysis, IVDU, Liver Disease, and HIV resident or contaminant? anterior nares- 20-35% perineum- 20% axillae and toe webs- 5-10% Normal Skin Flora Aerobic Coryneform Bacteria Corynebacterium minutissimum- intertriginous sites Erythrasma Anaerobic Coryneform Bacteria Propionibacterium acnes- sebaceous glands, hair follicles Acne vulgaris Gram Negative Bacteria Acinetobacter species- axillae, perineum, antecubital fossae - Requires moisture and maceration which increases pH and CO2 levels Yeast Pityrosporum ovale/Malassezia furfur- sebaceous sites Tinea Versicolor Introduction Strep and Staph cause the majority of skin infections in immunocompetent patients Immunodeficiency and underlying systemic disease result in severe infections which tend to be refractory to
    [Show full text]
  • World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics
    World Journal of W J C P Clinical Pediatrics Submit a Manuscript: http://www.f6publishing.com World J Clin Pediatr 2018 October 25; 7(4): 89-104 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v7.i4.89 ISSN 2219-2808 (online) REVIEW Perianal infectious dermatitis: An underdiagnosed, unremitting and stubborn condition Elena Daniela Serban Elena Daniela Serban, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, “Iuliu ficial inflammation of the perianal skin, which is of bac­ Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Emergency terial origin (classically, group A beta­hemolytic strepto­ Hospital for Children, Cluj-Napoca 400177, Romania cocci). This narrative review aims to critically review and summarize the available scientific literature regarding ORCID number: Elena Daniela Serban (0000-0003-0906-1232). pediatric PID, being the first of its kind, to the best of Author contributions: Serban ED contributed to the paper’s the author’s knowledge. It also reports the first cases of conception and design, the data collection, extraction, analysis Romanian children with PID. Multiple databases were and evaluation, the interpretation of results, and the manuscript’s subjected to systematic literature search (from 1966 preparation, critical revision, editing and final submission. to April 30, 2018) to identify studies and case reports of children with PID. As such, this review provides up­ Conflict-of-interest statement: The author declares there are no dated information about essential aspects of PID (epi­ potential conflicts of interest relevant to this publication. demiology, etiology, pathogenesis, as well as clinical Open­Access: This article is an open-access article which was features, required investigations and therapeutic options) selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external and of diagnostic pitfalls.
    [Show full text]
  • Reading List 2012.Indd
    General Reading iGAS Guidelines - Published January 2012 CLICK HERE Educational Interim UK guidelines for management of close community contacts of invasive group A streptococcal disease. Health Protection Agency, Workshops 2012 Group A Streptococcus Working Group. Communicable Disease and Public Health 2004; 7(4):354-361. CLICK HERE Keynote Presentation: Diagnosis and Complicated infections of skin and skin structures: when the infection is more than skin deep. DiNubile MJ, Lipsky, B. Journal of treatment Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2004, 53, Suppl. S2, ii37-ii50 of skin and soft CLICK HERE Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and tissue infections soft tissue infections. Stevens DL et al. Clinical Infectious Disease 2005; 41:1373–1406 CLICK HERE Infections of skin and soft tissue: Outcomes of a classifi cation scheme. Eron J. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2000;31:287(A432). CLICK HERE Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of pathogens isolated from skin and soft tissue infections: report from the SENTRY READING Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (United States and Canada, 2000). Rennie RP et al. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2003 Apr; 45(4):287-293. LIST CLICK HERE Comparison of community and health care associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. Naimi TS, et al. JAMA 2003; 290: 2976-2984 CLICK HERE Methicillin resistant S. aureus infections amoung patients in the emergency department. Moran GJ et al. The New England Journal of Medicine 2006 CLICK HERE HPR 2011;5(7): News CLICK HERE Polyclonal multiply antiobiotic-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with Panton-Valentine leucocidin in England. JAC 2009; doi: 10.1093/jac/dkp386; CLICK HERE Eff ect of antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus producing panton- valentine leukocidin.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence-Based Management of Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections In
    VISIT US AT BOOTH # 203 AT THE ACEP PEDIATRIC ASSEMBLY IN NEW YORK, NY, MARCH 24-25, 2015 February 2015 Evidence-Based Management Volume 12, Number 2 Authors Of Skin And Soft-Tissue Jennifer E. Sanders, MD Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellow, Department of Emergency Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Infections In Pediatric Patients New York, NY Sylvia E. Garcia, MD Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Pediatric Emergency In The Emergency Department Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY Abstract Peer Reviewers Jeffrey Bullard-Berent, MD, FAAP, FACEP Skin and soft-tissue infections are among the most common condi- Health Sciences Professor, Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, University of California – San Francisco, Benioff tions seen in children in the emergency department. Emergency de- Children’s Hospital, San Francisco, CA partment visits for these infections more than doubled between 1993 Carla Laos, MD, FAAP and 2005, and they currently account for approximately 2% of all Pediatric Emergency Medicine Physician, Dell Children’s Hospital, Austin, TX emergency department visits in the United States. This rapid increase CME Objectives in patient visits can be attributed largely to the pervasiveness of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The Upon completion of this article, you should be able to: 1. Describe the pathophysiology of community-acquired emergence of this disease entity has created a great deal of controver- methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. sy regarding treatment regimens for skin and soft-tissue infections. 2. Differentiate the clinical presentation of common skin and soft-tissue infections. This issue of Pediatric Emergency Medicine Practice will focus on the 3.
    [Show full text]
  • 56 AAVLD Diagnostic Pathology Slide Session
    56th AAVLD Diagnostic Pathology Slide Session American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians San Diego, California Saturday, October 19, 2013 3:30-6:00 PM 56th AAVLD Diagnostic Pathology Slide Seminar 56thAAVLD Diagnostic Pathology Slide Session October 19, 2013 San Diego, California 2013 AAVLD Diagnostic Pathology Slide Seminar Presenters Case # Presenter Species Institution 1 Marcia R. S. Ilha Canine TVDIL-UGA 2 Alison Tucker Swine NCVDLS 3 Scott D. Fitzgerald Raccoon DCPAH-MSU 4 Bailey L. Wilberts Bovine ISU 5 Kelly Hughes Canine OSU-VDL 6 Dodd Sledge Chicken DCPAH-MSU 7 Tuddow Thaiwong Canine DCPAH-MSU 8 Kelli Almes Feline KSVDL-KSU 9 Chanran Ganta Swine KSVDL-KSU 10 Mahogany Caesar Equine NCVDLS 11 Panayiotis Loukopoulos Pacific gopher snake CAHFS-UCDavis 12 Andrew Brooks Canine AHL-UofG 13 Donal O’Toole Canine WSVL-UW 14 Sandra Scholes Bovine AHVLA 15 Leslie W. Woods Pacific fisher CAHFS-UCDavis 16 Francisco A. Uzal Bovine CAHFS-UCDavis 17 Jeffrey R. Hayes Swine Ohio ADDL 18 Tim Cushing Feline CVDC 2 56th AAVLD Diagnostic Pathology Slide Seminar 56thAAVLD Diagnostic Pathology Slide Session October 19, 2013 San Diego, California 2013 AAVLD Diagnostic Pathology Slide Seminar Diagnoses Case # Presenter Species Diagnosis Page # 1 Ilha Canine Extra-adrenal paraganglioma 4 2 Tucker Swine Idiopathic vesicular disease of swine 5 3 Fitzgerald Raccoon Canine distemper and infectious canine hepatitis 6 4 Wilberts Bovine Mannheimiosis and adenoviral infection 7 5 Hughes Canine Canine meningeal polyarteritis 8-9 6 Sledge Chicken
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Information for 'Effect of Common Infections on the Incidence of Post-Stroke Dementia: a Cohort Study Using
    Supplementary information for ‘Effect of common infections on the incidence of post-stroke dementia: a cohort study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink’ Contents Appendix 1: Read code lists for major infections (lower respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, skin and soft tissue infection) ........................................................................... 2 LRTI codelist ........................................................................................................................... 2 UTI codelist ............................................................................................................................ 7 SSTI codelist ........................................................................................................................... 9 Appendix 2: Read code list for dementia................................................................................. 15 Appendix 3: Multivariable Cox regression models for early and late dementia by all characteristics included in analysis .......................................................................................... 19 Appendix 4: Multivariable Cox regression model for sensitivity analysis excluding infections in first 3 months ....................................................................................................................... 20 Appendix 5: Multivariable Cox regression model for effect of first infection type on dementia .................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Subject Index to Abstracts
    003 1-3998/85/1904-44 lA$02.00 Vol. 19, No. 4, 1985 PEDIATRIC RESEARCH Printed in U.S.A. Copyright O 1985 International Pediatric Research Foundation,Inc. SUBJECT INDEX TO ABSTRACTS 1,25 (OH)2 D 1200 ADENOSINE DEAMINASE 909, 962, ALCOHOLISM 514 1,25 DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3 973 967 ALDOSTERONE 333, 334, 808, 1,251 DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D 1223, ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE 323, 1591, 1605 1681 1571 ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE 728, 1200 14C DEOXYGLUCOSE 1316 ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE 90, 98, ALKALOSIS 796 17 HYDROXYPROGESTERONE 436 860, 1600 ALKALOSIS, RESPIRATORY 1409 21 HYDROXYLASE DEFICIENCY 861 ADENOTONSILLECTOMY 1725 ALLERGY 652 21 HYDROXYLASE DEFICIENCY, ADENOVIRUS INFECTIONS 950 ALLOGENEIC 1018 NONCLASSICAL 861 ADENOVIRUSES, HUMAN 585 ALLOGRAFT REJECTION 1647 24 HOUR 440 ADENYL CYCLASE 277, 439, 1592 ALLOGRAFTS 1593, 1593 24 HYDROXYLASE RESPONSE 1200 ADHERENCE 880 ALMITRINE 837 25 (OH) D 1200 ADHESION 309 ALOPECIA 973 25 HYDROXYVITAMIN D 1 HYDROXYLASE ADHESIVE GLYCOPROTEINS 880 ALPHA 1-ANTITRYPSIN 1822 1223 ADIPOCYTE 713 ALPHA 1-ANTITRYPSIN DEFICIENCY 2H (OH) D 1200 ADIPOSE TISSUE 1187 813 3 BETAHYDROXYSTEROID ADIPOSITY 713 ALPHA FETOPROTEINS 1296, 1305 DEHYDROGENASE 431 ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR 10, 19 ALPHA MANNOSIDASE 1241 3 METHYLGLUTACONIC ACID 823 ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY 20 ALPHA TOCOPHEROL 1466 3 METHYLGLUTACONIC ACIDURIA 823 ADRENAL 275, 334 ALTERNATE DAY STEROIDS 1726 3 METHYLGLUTARIC ACID 823 ADRENAL ANDROGEN SECRETION 480 ALTITUDE 273 4 CHANNEL PNEUMOGRAM 1523 ADRENAL CORTICOSTEROIDS 454 ALUMINUM 1595 5' NUCLEOTIDASE 881 ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA 431, 467 ALUMINUM
    [Show full text]
  • Mallory Prelims 27/1/05 1:16 Pm Page I
    Mallory Prelims 27/1/05 1:16 pm Page i Illustrated Manual of Pediatric Dermatology Mallory Prelims 27/1/05 1:16 pm Page ii Mallory Prelims 27/1/05 1:16 pm Page iii Illustrated Manual of Pediatric Dermatology Diagnosis and Management Susan Bayliss Mallory MD Professor of Internal Medicine/Division of Dermatology and Department of Pediatrics Washington University School of Medicine Director, Pediatric Dermatology St. Louis Children’s Hospital St. Louis, Missouri, USA Alanna Bree MD St. Louis University Director, Pediatric Dermatology Cardinal Glennon Children’s Hospital St. Louis, Missouri, USA Peggy Chern MD Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Dermatology and Department of Pediatrics Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri, USA Mallory Prelims 27/1/05 1:16 pm Page iv © 2005 Taylor & Francis, an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group First published in the United Kingdom in 2005 by Taylor & Francis, an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, 2 Park Square, Milton Park Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK Tel: +44 (0) 20 7017 6000 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7017 6699 Website: www.tandf.co.uk All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 0LP. Although every effort has been made to ensure that all owners of copyright material have been acknowledged in this publication, we would be glad to acknowledge in subsequent reprints or editions any omissions brought to our attention.
    [Show full text]
  • DERMCASE Test Your Knowledge with Multiple-Choice Cases
    DERMCASE Test your knowledge with multiple-choice cases Case 1 “XXX” A 14 year-old boy presents with a large well-cir- cumscribed tan patch with small brown macules scattered within it. What is your diagnosis? a. Nevus spilus b. Solar lentigo c. Café-au-lait macule d. Becker nevus e. Nevus sebaceous Answer This teenaged boy has Nevus spilus (answer a). Nevus spilus is a light brown pigmented patch with speckled smaller and darker colored Any evidence of new irregular pigmentation or macules most commonly occurring on the trunk development of a papule or nodule warrants a and legs. Some believe that Nevus spilus is a biopsy. Surgical excision is the definitive way to subtype of Congenital Melanocytic Nevus. remove the lesion, and lasers have been tried Nevus spilus is found in 1-2% of children. It is with modest benefit. a clinical diagnosis. Treatment is not necessary as the risk of Benjamin Barankin, MD, is a Senior Dermatology melanoma remains small. Watchful waiting and Resident, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta. observation are preferred. The Canadian Journal of CME / January 2006 71 DERMCASE Case 2 What’s on my head? This infant presents with a greasy, scaly lesion on the forehead and scalp. There is no history of diarrhea or failure to thrive. The infant does not appear to be in discomfort. What is it?? a. Atopic dermatitis b. Infantile seborrheic dermatitis c. Psoriasis d. Leiner’s disease Answer Infantile seborrheic dermatitis (answer b) usually manifests with erythema on the scalp, forehead, and retro-auricular areas. The erythema is typically covered with greasy, Infantile seborrheic dermatitis usually yellow scale.
    [Show full text]
  • EVIDENCE-BASED OUTCOMES CENTER Skin & Soft Tissue Infection (SSTI)
    DATE: June 2017 TEXAS CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL EVIDENCE-BASED OUTCOMES CENTER Skin & Soft Tissue Infection (SSTI) Evidence-Based Guideline Definition: Skin and soft tissue infection is a painful, Diagnostic Evaluation erythematous infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue Children with skin and soft tissue infection have a risk of that has poorly demarcated borders and is characterized by an progressing to septic shock. inflammatory response including: erythema, edema, (11) lymphangitis, and advancing borders. The most common Table 1. Vital Sign Changes of Sepsis manifestation is abscess. (1-4) Erysipelas is a form of cellulitis Age Heart Rate Resp Rate Systolic BP Temp (°C) with marked superficial inflammation and sharply demarcated 0d-1m >205 >60 <60 <36or>38 borders typically affecting the lower limbs and face. (2) Cellulitis, >1m-3m >205 >60 <70 <36or>38 th along with impetigo and folliculitis, is the 28 most common >3m-1y >190 >60 <70 <36or>38.5 (3) diagnosis in hospitalized patients. Staphylococcus aureus is >1y-2y >190 >40 <70+(ageinyrx2) <36or>38.5 the most common cause of skin and soft tissue infection >2y-4y >140 >40 <70+(ageinyrx2) <36or>38.5 accounting for up to 50% of cases of cellulitis. (4) Community- acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA- >4y-6y >140 >34 <70+(ageinyrx2) <36or>38.5 MRSA) is of major concern accounting for approximately 50% >6y-10y >140 >30 <70+(ageinyrx2) <36or>38.5 of S. aureus isolated from hospitalized children in the >10y-13y >100 >30 <90 <36or>38.5 geographic area surrounding Houston, Texas. (5-9) Among S. >13y >100 >16 <90 <36or>38.5 aureus causing skin and soft tissue infections at TCH, (11) approximately 50% are methicillin-resistant.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study to Compare the Possible Antifungal and Antimicrobial Effects
    COPYRIGHT AND CITATION CONSIDERATIONS FOR THIS THESIS/ DISSERTATION o Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. o NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes. o ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. How to cite this thesis Surname, Initial(s). (2012) Title of the thesis or dissertation. PhD. (Chemistry)/ M.Sc. (Physics)/ M.A. (Philosophy)/M.Com. (Finance) etc. [Unpublished]: University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from: https://ujdigispace.uj.ac.za (Accessed: Date). A STUDY TO COMPARE THE POSSIBLE ANTIFUNGAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF A HOMOEOPATHIC COMPLEX OF ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA • ECHINACEA PURPUREA WITH THAT OF SINGLE ENTITY REMEDIES PREPARED FROM ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA AND ECHINACEA PURPUREA, RESPECTIVELY by KANELLIE HATZIKONSTANDINOU Student No. 8921415 \ ,A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, Technikon Witwatersrand in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masterin Technology: Homoeopathy Johannesburg, 2000 DECLARATION I, KANELLIE HATZIKONSTANDINOU, declare that this Dissertation is my own work. It is being submitted for the degree of Master in Technology: Homoeopathy at the Technikon Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. It has not been submitted before for any degree or examination at this or any other Tertiary institution. Signe~ this .4....... day of ":;;'''''1'' ..... 2000. f '-.. .... _- "'--'-~"~- _.._-----_._-- ............... ------.. - ii In loving memory of my Mother, Thelma and with love and appreciation to my beloved Father, loannis, without who's continued support this journey would not have been so fulfilling.
    [Show full text]