Terence Between Late Antiquity and the Age of Printing Metaforms Studies in the Reception of Classical Antiquity
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Terence between Late Antiquity and the Age of Printing Metaforms Studies in the Reception of Classical Antiquity Editors-in-Chief Almut-Barbara Renger (Freie Universität Berlin) Jon Solomon (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) John T. Hamilton (Harvard University) Editorial Board Kyriakos Demetriou (University of Cyprus) Constanze Güthenke (Princeton University) Miriam Leonard (University College London) Mira Seo (University of Michigan) VOLUME 4 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/srca Terence between Late Antiquity and the Age of Printing Illustration, Commentary and Performance Edited by Andrew J. Turner Giulia Torello-Hill LEIDEN | BOSTON Cover illustration: Artist unknown; illustration for Eunuchus 5.7 from the edition of Terence by Jodocus Badius and Johannes Trechsel (Lyon, 1493). Collection of Christchurch Art Gallery Te Puna o Waiwhetu. Woodcut 72/100. Presented by Gordon H. Brown, 30 October 1972. This publication has been typeset in the multilingual ‘Brill’ typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 2212-9405 isbn ���-��-0�-28880-5 (hardback) isbn ���-��-0�-28949-9 (e-book) Copyright 2015 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill nv incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill nv provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, ma 01923, usa. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. For Bernard Muir, with deep gratitude. ―A.J.T. And for my children Valentina and Sofia, my strength and wisdom. ―G.T.-H. ∵ Contents Preface ix List of Abbreviations xi List of Contributors xii List of Figures xiv 1 Introduction 1 Andrew J. Turner and Giulia Torello-Hill Part 1 Text and Images 2 Terence’s Comedies: Development, Transmission and Transformation 15 Bernard J. Muir 3 Illustrating the Manuscripts of Terence 36 Beatrice Radden Keefe 4 Thais Walks the German Streets: Text, Gloss, and Illustration in Neidhart’s 1486 German Edition of Terence’s Eunuchus 67 James H. Kim On Chong-Gossard Part 2 Scholarship 5 Terence Quotations in Latin Grammarians: Shared and Distinguishing Features 105 Salvatore Monda 6 Problems with the Terence Commentary Traditions: The Oedipus Scholion in BnF, lat. 7899 138 Andrew J. Turner viii contents Part 3 Text and Performance 7 Donatus’ Commentary: The Reception of Terence’s Performance 181 Chrysanthi Demetriou 8 Ornatu prologi: Terence’s Prologues on the Stage/on the Page 200 Gianni Guastella 9 The Revival of Classical Roman Comedy in Renaissance Ferrara: From the Scriptorium to the Stage 219 Giulia Torello-Hill Part 4 Readerships 10 Terence’s Audience and Readership in the Ninth to Eleventh Centuries 239 Claudia Villa Bibliography 251 Index of Papyri and Manuscripts 276 Index of Ancient Sources 280 Index of Names and Subjects 288 Figures Preface This book investigates the Medieval and Early Renaissance reception of Terence, combining the diverse but interrelated strands of textual criticism, illustrative tradition, and performance. It grew out of a core of papers first presented at the conference Text, Illustration, Revival: Ancient Drama from Late Antiquity to 1550, which the two editors organised at the University of Melbourne from 13 to 15 July, 2011. Turner was at that stage employed at the University of Melbourne on the project The Transformations of Terence: Ancient Drama, New Media, and Contemporary Reception, supported under the Australian Research Council’s Discovery Projects funding scheme (proj- ect number DP110101571, awarded to Bernard Muir and K.O. Chong-Gossard), while Torello-Hill was a Research Fellow at the University of Queensland. We received strong support for this conference, both financial and logistical, from the Australasian Society for Classical Studies (ASCS), the Classical Association of Victoria, and the University of Melbourne, and take this opportunity to thank these bodies and the individuals concerned. In particular, we wish to thank former ASCS President John Davidson, who personally attended the con- ference, and from the University of Melbourne Andrew Jamieson of the School of Historical and Philosophical Studies and Marcus Bunyan from the Faculty of Arts, who designed our excellent web pages. Despite the broad scope of this conference title, the majority of papers in fact related specifically to aspects of the reception of Terence, and so after- wards, when we first discussed publishing a collection of chapters, a decision was made to focus on this one author and topic—nevertheless, we acknowl- edge gratefully the participation in the conference of colleagues who pre- sented on other classical authors. As well as chapters by both editors, we also had contributions from Muir and Chong-Gossard, who had presented on their research for The Transformations of Terence, and from our international guest speakers Gianni Guastella and Chrysanthi Demetriou. By writing to prominent researchers in this field to see if they would be interested in contributing, or could recommend anyone else whose work could supplement the works we already had, we eventually obtained the agreement of Beatrice Radden Keefe, Salvatore Monda, and Claudia Villa to submit chapters. We then approached Brill with a proposal, and were delighted when it was accepted by Metaforms in September 2012. In addition to our contributors, who have displayed great academic skills and professionalism throughout, we have many institutions and individuals x preface to thank. Our editors at Brill, initially Caroline van Erp and over the crucial last twelve months Tessel Jonquière and Pieter te Velde, have been enormously helpful, and we gratefully acknowledge all their assistance and understand- ing. We have benefitted greatly from a publication grant from the School of Historical and Philosophical Studies (generously supported by the Head of School, Trevor Burnard) and the Faculty of Arts at the University of Melbourne, and would like to thank too the administrative staff there for their assistance. In a work which is so dependent on images, we have relied heavily on the goodwill and professionalism of libraries and librarians, and would like to acknowledge gratefully the Bodleian Library (Oxford), the Bibliothèque natio- nale de France, the Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal, and the Institut de Recherche et d’Histoire des Textes (Paris), the Bibliothèque municipale de Tours, the Royal Library (Copenhagen), the Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek (Darmstadt), and the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (Munich). Special thanks are due to the Christchurch Fine Art Gallery and their librarian, Tim Jones, for arranging the cover illustration for this volume. We would like to express our deep gratitude to Bernard Muir. A prolific publisher, both in traditional and digital format, and an acknowledged author- ity on palaeography and manuscripts, he has consistently provided us with answers to tricky questions, and with straightforward and accurate advice. He has also been unstinting with his time in proof-reading and correcting errors, both obvious and subtle, and this book is very much indebted both to his eru- dition and his constant encouragement. At the University of Queensland, Gary Ianziti has provided us with encouragement and the solace and inspiration of conversations on various aspects of the Italian Renaissance. Finally, we would like to thank our families and friends, who have been enormously supportive throughout this lengthy process—quite simply we would not have been able to complete this book without them. G.T.-H. A.T. List of Abbreviations Names of classical authors and their works cited in this volume have been abbreviated in accordance with abbreviations found in the Oxford Latin Dictionary, the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae, and H.G. Liddell and R. Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon. Other abbreviations used are as follows: BAV Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana BL British Library BM Bibliothèque municipale BML Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana BNC Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale BNE Biblioteca Nacional de España BnF Bibliothèque nationale de France BSB Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CB Commentum Brunsianum CCSL Corpus Christianorum Series Latina. Turnholt: Brepols CM Commentum Monacense CNRS Centre national de la recherche scientifique GL Grammatici Latini. Ed. H. Keil. Leipzig, 1855–1880 KB Kongelige Bibliotek (Copenhagen) KBB Koninklijke Bibliotheek van België OLD Oxford Latin Dictionary. Ed. P.G.W. Glare. Oxford, 1982 PMG Poetae Melici Graeci. Ed. D. Page. Oxford, 1962 RBME Real Biblioteca del Monasterio de San Lorenzo de El Escorial TLL Thesaurus Linguae Latinae. Leipzig, Stuttgart, Munich, 1894– UB Universiteitsbibliotheek List of Contributors James H. Kim On Chong-Gossard is Senior Lecturer in Classics at the University of Melbourne, where he teaches ancient Greek. He has published on gender in Euripides’ plays, sex scandals in Suetonius’ biographies, and classical language pedagogy. Chrysanthi