The European Capital of Culture Project COLOPHON CONTENTS Summary
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AARHUS 2017 BEFORE - DURING - AFTER A research-based evaluation of the effects of the European Capital of Culture project COLOPHON CONTENTS Summary ...................................................................................................................................7 Title AARHUS 2017. BEFORE - DURING - AFTER. 1 The framework and basis of the evaluation .................................................13 1.1. The scope of the European Capital of Culture project ..........14 Subtitle A research-based evaluation of the effects of the 1.2 Aarhus 2017 from start to finish .............................................................16 European Capital of Culture project. 1.3 Evaluation of Aarhus 2017 .......................................................................20 Authors: Hans-Peter Degn, Louise Ejgod Hansen, Nanna 1.4 The basis of the evaluation .......................................................................22 Thomsen, Line Nordentoft, Johannes Rolighed Xie, 1.5 Data used and reporting ...........................................................................23 Michala Dahl Hansen 2 A joint project ....................................................................................................................31 2.1 Many forms of collaboration .....................................................................33 The following persons Hanne Lynghøj, Morten Falbe-Hansen, Christina Godsk 2.2 Strengths and weaknesses of a decentralised structure .........39 have contributed to Mogensen, Julie Langdal Andersen, Charlotte Høy 2.3 A stable foundation ......................................................................................45 data collection and data Jensen, Mille Borup T, Line Quarter Castle Vestergaard, 2.4 Continuation of collaborations ...............................................................50 processing: Mathias Pedersen, Marie Christine Andreasen 3 The European Capital of Culture project and the audience .............53 Proofreading Christian Michael Villadsen 3.1 The themes and values of the programme .....................................55 3.2 The composition of the programme ....................................................57 Translation Lenore Messick, Events and Communications Support, 3.3 The accessibility of the programme ....................................................64 Aarhus University 3.4 The audience's experience ....................................................................67 3.5 Audience composition ...............................................................................69 Graphic design CDR Forlag 3.6 Rethinking culture ...........................................................................................76 Printing Ecograf 4 Citizen engagement and involvement .............................................................78 4.1 Co-producing citizens ..................................................................................81 Cover photo Jan Emperor 4.2 Volunteering ...................................................................................................... 83 4.3 The citizens’ voice ...........................................................................................88 Year of publication 2018 4.4 Citizens' future involvement ......................................................................95 5 The story of Aarhus 2017 ...........................................................................................97 Publisher rethinkIMPACTS 2017 at Aarhus University 5.1 On the map .......................................................................................................98 Organisation rethinkIMPACTS 2017 is a project organisation based 5.2 Fair winds and foul ...................................................................................... 108 on a strategic partnership between Aarhus University 5.3 The identity is formed ................................................................................ 112 and the Aarhus 2017 Foundation. rethinkIMPACTS 5.4 The future story .............................................................................................. 113 2017 is responsible for the research-based evaluation 6 The strength of culture ............................................................................................. 117 of Aarhus as European Capital of Culture in 2017. 6.1 The changed role of culture .................................................................. 118 6.2 The citizens' perspective .......................................................................... 125 . The evaluation includes the publication of a series of 6.3 The sponsors' perspective ....................................................................... 127 research and evaluation reports which are collectively 6.4 The cultural institutions' perspective ................................................. 128 intended to shed light on the social, cultural, political and organisational, image and identity-related and 6.5 The value of culture .................................................................................... 132 economic effects of Aarhus 2017. 6.6 The geographical weighting of the effects .................................. 136 6.7 Culture in a future perspective ............................................................. 140 This report, the seven affiliated theme reports and 7 Rethought ........................................................................................................................ 142 other publications can be found on the project's 7.1 Short and long term effects ................................................................... 144 website. 7.2 Unfulfilled potential ..................................................................................... 147 7.3 Self-evaluation............................................................................................... 155 Website http://www.projects.au.dk/2017 Photo: Mikkel Jezequel SUMMARY Photo: Ulla Rose he effects of the European Capital of Culture based on many different types of collaboration. Foundation. Some of the sponsors are interested own key performance indicators and managed to TAarhus 2017 are examined through a research- These collaborations included cross-municipal in the preservation of the platform Aarhus 2017 sustain political support for the project. based analysis conducted by rethinkIMPACTS cooperation as host of Aarhus 2018, decentralised created. This might take place through the business 2017 at Aarhus University. The evaluation is based programme production with the involvement clubs of the local cultural institutions. • The loan of employees from the municipalities and on five years of collection and processing of large of many cultural operators and sponsorship the region to the Foundation Aarhus 2017 secretariat amounts of diverse data (interviews, questionnaire cooperation with the business community. • Many new relationships, networks and constellations contributed to the reduction of the foundation’s surveys, monitoring data, document analysis, etc.). have been created and developed as a result of operating expenses, a smoothly operating The analyses of this data have been presented in • Central Denmark Region and all the region's cooperation with and between local culturalinstitutions. secretariat and competency development for the a number of thematic reports as well as this main municipalities supported Aarhus as European employees. report. The evaluation of Aarhus 2017 points to the Capital of Culture. The cross-municipal cooperation MANY PEOPLE CONTRIBUTED TO THE following major findings: has continued after Aarhus 2017 in the form of the REALISATION OF THE LARGE PROGRAMME European Region of Culture project, initially over a EUROPEAN CAPITAL OF CULTURE PROJECT – FOR THE TRADITIONAL CULTURE AUDIENCE INTERDISCIPLINARY COOPERATION two-year period, 2018-2019. • Eighty per cent of the programme production was • The programme was of high international artistic – AARHUS 2017’S DNA handled by other culture operators than the Aarhus quality. The traditional cultural genres constituted • A particular strength of Aarhus 2017 was that • Sponsors have expressed considerable satisfaction 2017 Foundation itself, primarily local content most of the programme. the European Capital of Culture project was with their cooperation with the Aarhus 2017 providers (cultural institutions, artists and others). In this way, the European Capital of Culture project • The foundation's own programme contributions challenge participating institutions and culture- were particularly focused on internationally producing environments in the region, as well as renowned artists. Only to a lesser extent were helping them become more visible and competent. connections made between these artists and local artists. • Aarhus 2017 Foundation had various roles along the way, as funder, monitor, artistic content producer • The theme ‘Rethink' worked well as a framework and co-developer. For some cultural institutions, for a rich cultural programme, and balanced the this led to frustration and confusion, while others qualities of being binding, inclusive and inspiring in expressed recognition of the fact that the artistic an appropriate way. On the other hand, the three dialogue with the foundation helped improve and values (democracy, sustainability and diversity), develop projects. only had peripheral significance. • Aarhus 2017 Foundation placed a high emphasis • The vast majority (90%) of the audience