DOCSLIB.ORG

Phytochemical Investigation and Antioxidant Activity of Hyophorbe Verschaffeltii (Arecaceae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Phytochemical Investigation and Antioxidant Activity of Hyophorbe Verschaffeltii (Arecaceae) Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2016; 5(2): 39-46 E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 JPP 2016; 5(2): 39-46 Phytochemical investigation and antioxidant activity of Received: 17-01-2016 Accepted: 18-02-2016 Hyophorbe verschaffeltii (Arecaceae) Mohamed R Elgindi A) Department of Mohamed R Elgindi, Abd El-Nassar B Singab, Shaza H Aly, Ibrahim I Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Mahmoud Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt. B) Department of Abstract Pharmacognosy, Faculty of The investigation was carried out for isolation and characterization of the possible phytochemical Pharmacy, Helwan University, compounds of leaves of Hyophorbe verschaffeltii and determination of its antioxidant activity. The air Cairo, Egypt. dried leaves of Hyophorbe verschaffeltii were extracted with 70% methanol. The chromatographic investigation for aqueous fraction lead to isolation of five compounds by Column chromatography, thin Abd El-Nassar B Singab layer chromatography (TLC), Preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC) and paper chromatography. Department of Pharmacognosy, The isolated compounds were identified by spectroscopic techniques as 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams 70% methanolic extract was assayed for its antioxidant activity in vivo by CCl4-induced hepatic injury University, Cairo, Egypt. technique and levels of serum liver enzymes Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined, also Oxidative Damage Markers as superoxide dismutase Shaza H Aly (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue were studied. Hyophorbe verschaffeltii (Arecaceae) Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr afforded aqueous fraction from which five compounds Quercetin (compound H-1), Quercetin 7, 3', 4' University in Cairo, Cairo, trimethoxy (compound H-4), Luteolin (compound H-5), Cannigenin (compound H-2) and Brisbagenin Egypt. (compound H-3) were identified for the first time. The H. verschaffeltii extract (200mg/kg) showed a remarkable hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity as judged from Ibrahim I Mahmoud the serum marker enzymes and antioxidant levels in liver tissues.CCl4-induced a significant rise in ALT, Department of Pharmacognosy, AST, MDA and reduction in SOD level. Treatment of rats with H. verschaffeltii extract (200mg/kg) Faculty of Pharmacy, AlAhram significantly (P<0.001) decrease serum liver enzymes ALT and AST against CCl4-treated rats. Also the Canadian University, Cairo, H. verschaffeltii extract showed significant (P<0.001) elevation of SOD level by 124.7 % as compared to Egypt. control group and the CCl4 intoxicated group treated with H.verschaffeltii showed significant and efficient decline in the level of MDA (P<0.001) compared to CCl4 group by 40.25%. Hyophorbe verschaffeltii have the free radicle scavenging activity that controls the CC4-induced oxidative stress in liver tissue and capable of boosting the intracellular antioxidant capabilities. Keywords: Hyophorbe verschaffeltii, Arecaceae, antioxidant, spirostane, SOD, ALT, Quercetin. Introduction Arecaceae or Palm family (palmeae), in the order Arecales, it is among the famous plant families which include genera that embrace phenolic-rich species, it is a monophyletic group including 183 genera and 2364 species [1, 2]. The palm family (Arecaceae) has a long history of providing man with useful materials for his daily life [3]. Chemically; the family has been neglected despite of its economic importance, probably because of difficulty of collecting fresh material and getting it authenticated. Most work has been carried out on economically important plants such as Phoenix dactylifera, Cocosnucifera and other palms cultivated for their oils [4]. Hyophorbe is a genus of about five species of flowering plants in the Arecaceae family, it contains the following species: Hyophorbe amaricaulis, Hyophorbe indica, [2] Hyophorbe lagenicaulis, Hyophorbe vaughanii and Hyophorbe verschaffeltii . Hyophorbe verschaffeltii is a member of the palm family (Arecaceae, sub-family Arecoideae). This palm is endemic to the Mascarene Islands, which are located to the east of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean [5]. From literature reviews, there is no data reported about neither the phytochemical constituents Correspondence Mohamed R Elgindi nor antioxidant activity of Hyophorbe verschaffeltti H. Wendl. The aim of this study is A) Department of investigation for the chemical constituents and in vivo investigation of antioxidant activity of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of the palm leaves extract. Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt. Materials and method B) Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Plant material Pharmacy, Helwan University, Fresh plant material leaves of Hyophorbe verschaffeltti H. Wendl. (Arecaceae) were collected Cairo, Egypt. from El-Zohreya Botanical garden, Cairo, Egypt. The plant was kindly identified by ~ 39 ~ Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Agricultural Engineer Teresa Labib, El Orman Botanical fluorescence under UV-light changed to orange when sprayed Garden. The fresh plant leaves were completely dried in shade with Naturstroff reagent using precoated silica gel TLC. 1H place at room temperature and then powdered by electric mill. NMR (CD3OD, 500MHz): δ ppm 7.8 (1H,d, J =2.1Hz,H-2'), The dried powders were kept in a dark place until subjected to 7.36 (1H,dd, J =2.1, 8.5Hz,H-6'), 6.8 (1H,d,J =8.2Hz, H-5'), the extraction process. 6.42 (1H,d,J =1.8 Hz, H-6), 6.18 (1H,d, J =1.8 Hz, H-8). 13C NMR: δ ppm 178.0 (C-4), 165.2 (C-7), 162.5 (C-5), 158.7(C- Extraction and isolation 9), 148.8 (C-4'), 147.5 (C-2), 145.0 (C-3'), 137.2 (C-3), 124.5 The air dried powdered leaves of Hyophorbe Verschaffeltii (3 (C-1'), 120.8 (C-6'), 116.0 (C-5'), 115.8 (C-2'), 104.4 (C-10), kg) were extracted by maceration with 70% methanol 99.1 (C-6), 94.5 (C-8). (methanol: H2O, 70:30) with occasional stirring at room temperature for 3 days. The process was repeated two times till Compound (H-2) exhaustion. The combined methanol extracts were Crystallized from methanol, TLC investigation using concentrated under reduced pressure at 40º to yield (420g). precoated silica gel G TLC plates and solvent BAW a reddish The residue was suspended in water and diluted with acetone. brown color with spraying reagent 10% H2SO4 with Rf=0.40. 1 The aqueous fraction after filtration was evaporated until H NMR spectral data (500MHz, CD3OD): δ ppm 4.35 dryness to give (41g). About 25 g of the aqueous fraction (1H,m,H-16), 4.01 (1H,m,H-3), 3.78 (1H,m,H-1), 3.48 residue was chromatographed using silica gel column (2H,m,H-26), 0.92 (3H,d,J =7 Hz, H-21), 0.87 (3H,d,J =7 Hz, chromatography (100cm x 2.5cm) using gradient elution H-27), 0.85 (3H,s,H-19), 0.75(3H,s,H-18). 13C NMR: δ ppm system of increasing polarity using chloroform and methanol 109.8 (C-22), 79.9 (C-16), 72.5 (C-1), 65.7 (C-26), 64.6 (C-3), to yield six main fractions (I-VI). Fraction II was eluted with 62.2 (C-17), 55.9 (C-14), 54.7 (C-9), 41 (C-13), 39.5 (C-2), chloroform-methanol (90:10) revealed the presence of yellow 37.3 (C-5), 36.2 (C-4), 35.3 (C-8), 31.8 (C-15 & C-23), 30.8 fluorescent spot with Rf = 0.95 using silica gel GF254 plates and (C-25), 29.5 (C-7), 28.5 (C-24), 27 (C-6), 23.5 (C-11), 14.1 BAW then subjected to Co-chromatograms using Whatmann (C-21), 16.6 (C-27). No.1 MM paper chromatography using 2 solvent systems: BAW and 15% AcOH, these were examined under UV light Compound (H-3) before and after exposure to ammonia vapors then purified Crystallized from methanol, TLC investigation using over preparative TLC and concentrated under reduced pressure precoated silica gel G TLC plates and solvent BAW a reddish to yield compound H-1 (40 mg). Fraction IV eluted with brown color with spraying reagent 10% H2SO4 with Rf =0.415. 1 chloroform-methanol (70:30) revealed the presence of major H NMR spectral data (500MHz, CD3OD): δ ppm 4.18 (1H, green color spot with Rf = 0.737 after spraying with 10% v/v m,H-16), 3.99 (1H,dd, J =11.3, 4.6 Hz,H-3), 3.73 (1H,dd, J sulphuric acid followed by heating at 100º for 10 minutes, =11.3, 4.4 Hz, H-1), 3.63 (1H, dd, J =10.5, 3.5Hz, H-26ax.), using silica gel GF254 plates and BAW. These fractions were 3.36 (1H, dd, J =10.5, 10.5Hz, H-26eq.), 0.96 (3H,d, J =7.0 combined together and concentrated under reduced pressure to Hz, H-21), 0.88 (3H,s, H-19), 0.85 (3H,d, J =5.6 Hz, H-27). afford a residue of group IV. This residue was subjected for 13C NMR: δ ppm 108.9 (C-22), 81.8 (C-16), 77 (C-1), 67.8 (C- further purification by another silica gel sub-column 3), 66.2 (C-26), 62.9 (C-17), 59.15 (C-14), 54.8 (C-9), 44.1 chromatography (66g, 75x2 cm) using (75:25 CHCl3: MeOH) (C-2), 42.9 (C-5), 42.5 (C-20), 42.1 (C-10), 41.1 (C-12), 40.5 solvent system then gradient elution till 100% MeOH, Sub- (C-13), 39(C-4), 36.3 (C-25), 36 (C-8), 33.3 (C-15), 32.3 (C- fraction IV-I was purified over preparative TLC and 23), 32.2 (C-7), 29.9 (C-24), 29.7 (C-6), 24.5 (C-11), 18 (C- concentrated to yield compound H-2(25mg), and sub-fraction 27), 16.8 (C-18), 13.1 (C-21), 6.8 (C-19).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • V20n3p119-120
    t9761 PALM BRIEFS 119 PALM BRIEFS and again in January, 1970, aI the same or different localities within the same A NomenclqlurqlNole on district. The collector also observed Hyophorbe female and male inflorescences on the A monographic study of the genus same group of plants at dif{erent times. Hyophorbe is in preparation,but one o{ From the detailed description, the palm the conclusionsrequires advance publi- appears to be monocarpic, a character- cation in order to provide a name that istic of most of the caryotoid group of can be used in Hortus Third, and,in an- palms"(Moore, 1973). In monocarpic other publication. It has become clear habit, inflorescences develop basipetally that the genus Mascarena is not ade- from a terminal in{lorescence which is quately separated fuom Hyophorbe and generally a female, followed by axillary that the palm commonly cultivated as male inflorescences. This monocarpic Mascarena lagenicaulis must be trans- habit is seen in all three genera {erred to the older genus. Study has (Arenga, Caryota, Wallichia) of the shown that MascarenareuaughaniiL. H. caryotoid group. Arenga Labill. has Bailey is not different [rom M. lageni- imparipinnate or undivided leaves,often caulis, and in combining the two I am aggregate inflorescences, distinct sepals taking up the epithet that is descriptive and petals in staminate flowers, numer- and not likely to be confused with Hyo- ous stamens, trilocular ovary with 2-3 phorbe uaughanii. fertile locules, and homogeneousendo- The five species are: sperm. Caryota L. has bipinnate leaves, solitary inflorescences,reduction of fer- Hyophorbe amaricaulis Martius tile locules to I-2, and development of Hyophorbe indica Gaertner J.
    [Show full text]
  • WRA Species Report
    Family: Arecaceae Taxon: Hyophorbe verschaffeltii Synonym: Mascarena vershaffeltii L. H. Bailey Common Name: Spindle palm Palmiste Marron Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: L Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score -5 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 n 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n
    [Show full text]
  • ISSN: 0975-8585 March – April 2016 RJPBCS 7(2) Page No
    ISSN: 0975-8585 Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences Hyophorbe verschaffeltii DNA Profiling, Chemical Composition of the Lipophilic Fraction, Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory and Cytotoxic Activities. Shaza H Aly1, Mohamed R Elgindi3,4, Abd El-Nassar B Singab2, and Ibrahim I Mahmoud4,5. 1Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt 2Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt 3Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University,Cairo, Egypt. 4Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt. 5Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, Egypt. ABSTRACT To authenticate Hyophorbe verschaffeltii with investigation of lipoidal matters and biological activities. DNA profiling was carried out by random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR. Petroleum ether extract was investigated for lipoidal matters using GC-MS. Anti-inflammatory activity was assayed in vivo by Carrageenan-induced rat hind paw edema technique, Antimicrobial screening was done by a standard agar well diffusion method and cytotoxicity assay was measured against MCF-7 cells using the MTT Cell Viability Assay. The ten primers used for RAPD-PCR analysis produced totally 73 amplified DNA fragments and primer OPA-12 was the best sequence for dominating Hyophorbe verschaffeltii producing the highest hits (10).The results of the lipoidal matter investigation revealed the presence of squalene (15.40%), phytol (4.10%), myristic acid (13.20%), undecanoic acid (11.87%) and pentadecanoic acid (11.24%). Aqueous methanol extract exhibited cytotoxicity activity at IC 50(323.6 μg/ml) against MCF-7 cells, anti-inflammatory activity and antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtillus, Escherichia Coli, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Candida albicans.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Ornamental Palms
    1 Ornamental Palms: Biology and Horticulture T.K. Broschat and M.L. Elliott Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center University of Florida, Davie, FL 33314, USA D.R. Hodel University of California Cooperative Extension Alhambra, CA 91801, USA ABSTRACT Ornamental palms are important components of tropical, subtropical, and even warm temperate climate landscapes. In colder climates, they are important interiorscape plants and are often a focal point in malls, businesses, and other public areas. As arborescent monocots, palms have a unique morphology and this greatly influences their cultural requirements. Ornamental palms are over- whelmingly seed propagated, with seeds of most species germinating slowly and being intolerant of prolonged storage or cold temperatures. They generally do not have dormancy requirements, but do require high temperatures (30–35°C) for optimum germination. Palms are usually grown in containers prior to trans- planting into a field nursery or landscape. Because of their adventitious root system, large field-grown specimen palms can easily be transplanted. In the landscape, palm health and quality are greatly affected by nutritional deficien- cies, which can reduce their aesthetic value, growth rate, or even cause death. Palm life canCOPYRIGHTED also be shortened by a number of MATERIAL diseases or insect pests, some of which are lethal, have no controls, or have wide host ranges. With the increasing use of palms in the landscape, pathogens and insect pests have moved with the Horticultural Reviews, Volume 42, First Edition. Edited by Jules Janick. 2014 Wiley-Blackwell. Published 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1 2 T.K. BROSCHAT, D.R. HODEL, AND M.L.
    [Show full text]
  • FENOLOGIA, VIABILIDADE DO PÓLEN, EMERGÊNCIA DE SEMENTE E CONTEÚDO DE DNA NUCLEAR DE AÇAIZEIROS (Euterpe Spp.).”
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAZONAS FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS FLORESTAIS E AMBIENTAIS “FENOLOGIA, VIABILIDADE DO PÓLEN, EMERGÊNCIA DE SEMENTE E CONTEÚDO DE DNA NUCLEAR DE AÇAIZEIROS (Euterpe spp.).” MANAUS - AM 2020 MARLESON DOS SANTOS TAVARES “FENOLOGIA, VIABILIDADE DO PÓLEN, EMERGÊNCIA DE SEMENTE E CONTEÚDO DE DNA NUCLEAR DE AÇAIZEIROS (Euterpe spp.)” Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciências Florestais e Ambientais – PPGCIFA -UFAM, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de mestre em Ciências Florestais e Ambientais. ORIENTADORA: Dra. MARIA TERESA GOMES LOPES COORIENTADOR: Dr. RICARDO LOPES COORIENTADOR: Dr. MARCELO DOMINGUES MARTINS RAIZER MANAUS - AM 2020 AGREDECIMENTOS À Deus, imensamente pela vida e pela saúde que me deste para finalizar esse mestrado. À minha família, por sempre está do meu lado em todas as fases da minha vida. À Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), pela oportunidade da realização do mestrado por intermédio do Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais e Ambientais (PPG-CIFA) e a todos os professores (as) doutores (as) do programa por todo conhecimento transmitido aos discentes. À CAPES, pela concessão da bolsa no decorrer do mestrado; À Professora Maria Teresa Gomes Lopes, por toda dedicação, apoio e incentivo ao longo de toda a realização do mestrado. À Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental, em nome do Dr. Ricardo Lopes pelas orientações, ensinamentos e todo apoio incansável na realização de experimentos de laboratório e atividades de campo. Ao Dr. Marcelo Domingues Raizer, pela orientação, confiança, apoio e ensinamentos transmitidos; Á minha esposa que sempre esteve ao meu lado apoiando durante o mestrado.
    [Show full text]
  • (Arecaceae): Évolution Du Système Sexuel Et Du Nombre D'étamines
    Etude de l’appareil reproducteur des palmiers (Arecaceae) : évolution du système sexuel et du nombre d’étamines Elodie Alapetite To cite this version: Elodie Alapetite. Etude de l’appareil reproducteur des palmiers (Arecaceae) : évolution du système sexuel et du nombre d’étamines. Sciences agricoles. Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. Français. NNT : 2013PA112063. tel-01017166 HAL Id: tel-01017166 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01017166 Submitted on 2 Jul 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. UNIVERSITE PARIS-SUD ÉCOLE DOCTORALE : Sciences du Végétal (ED 45) Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique et E,olution (ESE) DISCIPLINE : -iologie THÈSE DE DOCTORAT SUR TRAVAUX soutenue le ./05/10 2 par Elodie ALAPETITE ETUDE DE L'APPAREIL REPRODUCTEUR DES PAL4IERS (ARECACEAE) : EVOLUTION DU S5STE4E SE6UEL ET DU NO4-RE D'ETA4INES Directeur de thèse : Sophie NADOT Professeur (Uni,ersité Paris-Sud Orsay) Com osition du jury : Rapporteurs : 9ean-5,es DU-UISSON Professeur (Uni,ersité Pierre et 4arie Curie : Paris VI) Porter P. LOWR5 Professeur (4issouri -otanical Garden USA et 4uséum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris) Examinateurs : Anders S. -ARFOD Professeur (Aarhus Uni,ersity Danemark) Isabelle DA9OA Professeur (Uni,ersité Paris Diderot : Paris VII) 4ichel DRON Professeur (Uni,ersité Paris-Sud Orsay) 3 4 Résumé Les palmiers constituent une famille emblématique de monocotylédones, comprenant 183 genres et environ 2500 espèces distribuées sur tous les continents dans les zones tropicales et subtropicales.
    [Show full text]
  • Hyophorbe Verschaffeltii, Spindle Palm1
    Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office. FOR 241 Hyophorbe verschaffeltii, Spindle Palm1 Melissa H. Friedman, Michael G. Andreu, Heather V. Quintana, and Mary McKenzie2 Family Description Arecaceae, palm family. This palm is endemic to the Mascarene Islands, which are located to the east of Madagascar in the Genus Indian Ocean. The palm naturally inhabits the well-drained sandy soils of upland forests and coastal Hyophorbe is a combination of two Greek words: savannas. In the United States, this palm grows in hyo meaning "pig, hog" and phorb, meaning "feed, south Florida, extreme southern California, and the fodder." The name is thought to come from the use of Hawaiian Islands. This slow-growing tree can reach the palm's fruit for pig fodder. heights that range from 20 to 25 feet, growing best in full sunlight. The pinnately compound leaves or Species fronds can grow from 6 to 10 feet long and are The species name, verschaffeltii, is the Latinized attached to a petiole that can extend nearly one foot version of the person's surname for which this palm long. Its lance-shaped leaflets are dark green, was named: Verschaffelt, a Belgian nurseryman of approximately 2 1/2 feet long, and grow out of the the 19th century. rachis at different angles, giving the leaf a feathery look. The trunk is light gray, has rings around it, and Common Name is most swollen at the midpoint of its total height. On top of the trunk sits a bright green crownshaft (from spindle palm which the fronds emerge) that has a smooth, waxy surface and can reach 2 to 3 feet in height.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on the Conservation Status of Mauritian Palms
    PALMS Ludwig et al.: Mauritian Palms Vol. 54(2) 2010 NICOLE LUDWIG P.O. Box 6, 97429 Petite Île, La Réunion, France Notes on the [email protected] CHRISTOPHE LAVERGNE Conservation 5 allée des Azalées, 97429 Petite Île, La Réunion, France Status of christophe.lavergne@univ- Mauritian reunion.fr AND Palms JEAN-CLAUDE SEVATHIAN Mauritian Wildlife Foundation, Vacoas, Mauritius jcsevathian@mauritian- wildlife.org 1. Blue latan savannah on Round Island; photo by C. Lavergne. Mauritius, the uninhabited Round Island and several smaller islets are part of the Republic of Mauritius. These islands, with La Réunion and Rodrigues, constitute the Mascarene archipelago located in the Indian Ocean, off the east coast of Madagascar. They have a unique flora and fauna. Many Mauritian palms are more common in cultivation elsewhere in the world than they are in the wild. This paper investigates the precarious state of the palms of Mauritius in their natural habitat (Fig. 1). PALMS 54(2): 77–93 77 PALMS Ludwig et al.: Mauritian Palms Vol. 54(2) 2010 Table 1. The nine native palm taxa described in Mauritius. Scientific name Local name Endemic range Acanthophoenix rubra (Bory) Palmiste rouge Mauritius & Reunion H. Wendl. Acanthophoenix sp. Florin Palmiste piquant Mauritius Dictyosperma album (Bory) Palmiste blanc Mauritius & Reunion H. Wendl. et Drude ex Scheff. var. album Dictyosperma album var. Palmiste de l’Île Ronde Round Island conjugatum Moore et Guého Hyophorbe amaricaulis Mart. No local name recorded Mauritius Hyophorbe lagenicaulis Palmiste bonbonne Round Island (L.H. Bailey) H.E. Moore Hyophorbe vaughanii L.H. Bailey No local name recorded Mauritius Latania loddigesii Mart.
    [Show full text]
  • Insects on Palms
    Insects on Palms i Insects on Palms F.W. Howard, D. Moore, R.M. Giblin-Davis and R.G. Abad CABI Publishing CABI Publishing is a division of CAB International CABI Publishing CABI Publishing CAB International 10 E 40th Street Wallingford Suite 3203 Oxon OX10 8DE New York, NY 10016 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 (212) 481 7018 Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Fax: +1 (212) 686 7993 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Web site: www.cabi.org © CAB International 2001. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be repro- duced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Insects on palms / by Forrest W. Howard … [et al.]. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-85199-326-5 (alk. paper) 1. Palms--Diseases and pests. 2. Insect pests. 3. Insect pests--Control. I. Howard, F. W. SB608.P22 I57 2001 634.9’74--dc21 00-057965 ISBN 0 85199 326 5 Typeset by Columns Design Ltd, Reading Printed and bound in the UK by Biddles Ltd, Guildford and King’s Lynn Contents List of Boxes vii Authors and Contributors viii Acknowledgements x Preface xiii 1 The Animal Class Insecta and the Plant Family Palmae 1 Forrest W. Howard 2 Defoliators of Palms 33 Lepidoptera 34 Forrest W. Howard and Reynaldo G. Abad Coleoptera 81 Forrest W.
    [Show full text]
  • Floral Structure in the Neotropical Palm Genus Chamaedorea (Arecoideae, Arecaceae)
    Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid Vol. 65(2): 197-210 julio-diciembre 2008 ISSN: 0211-1322 Floral structure in the neotropical palm genus Chamaedorea (Arecoideae, Arecaceae) by Aino Askgaard1, Fred W. Stauffer1, Donald R. Hodel 2, Anders S. Barfod 3 1 Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques, Ch. de l’Impératrice 1, CP 60, CH-1292 Chambésy, Genève, Switzerland [email protected], [email protected] 2 University of California, 4800 E. César E. Chávez Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90022, USA. [email protected] 3 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade bygn. 1540, DK-8000 Århus C., Denmark [email protected] (corresponding author) Abstract Resumen Askgaard, A., Stauffer, F.W., Hodel, D.R. &. Barfod, A.S. 2008. Askgaard, A., Stauffer, F.W., Hodel, D.R. &. Barfod, A.S. 2008. Floral structure in the neotropical palm genus Chamaedorea Estructura floral de la palma neotropical del género Chamae- (Arecoideae, Arecaceae). Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 65(2): 197- dorea (Arecoideae, Arecaceae). Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 65(2): 210. 197-210 (en inglés). Male and female floral structure has been studied in 28 species Se ha estudiado la estructura de las flores masculinas y femeni- of Chamaedorea, the largest palm genus present in the Neo- nas en 28 especies de Chamaedorea, el género de palmas con tropics. The taxa investigated represent all subgenera according mayor número de especies en la región neotropical. Los táxones to the most recent taxonomic revision of the group. Morpho- investigados representan a todos los subgéneros contemplados logical, histological and cytological features that are known to en la más reciente revisión taxonómica del grupo.
    [Show full text]
  • Improving the Value of the Coconut with Biotechnology
    Ateneo de Manila University Archīum Ateneo Chemistry Faculty Publications Chemistry Department 2020 Improving the Value of the Coconut with Biotechnology Fabian M. Dayrit Quang Nguyen Follow this and additional works at: https://archium.ateneo.edu/chemistry-faculty-pubs Part of the Organic Chemistry Commons, and the Other Chemistry Commons Steve Adkins · Mike Foale Roland Bourdeix · Quang Nguyen Julianne Biddle Editors Coconut Biotechnology: Towards the Sustainability of the ‘Tree of Life’ Coconut Biotechnology: Towards the Sustainability of the ‘Tree of Life’ Steve Adkins • Mike Foale Roland Bourdeix • Quang Nguyen Julianne Biddle Editors Coconut Biotechnology: Towards the Sustainability of the ‘Tree of Life’ Editors Steve Adkins Mike Foale School of Agriculture and Food Sciences School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of Queensland The University of Queensland St Lucia, QLD, Australia St Lucia, QLD, Australia Roland Bourdeix Quang Nguyen Biological Systems Department School of Agriculture and Food Sciences Centre de coopération internationale en The University of Queensland recherche agronomique pour le St Lucia, QLD, Australia développement (CIRAD) Montpellier, QLD, Australia School of Biotechnology International University CIRAD – UMR AGAP, CIRAD Vietnam National University HCM (Agricultural Research for Development) Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Montpellier, France AGAP, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France Julianne Biddle School of Agriculture and Food Science University of Queensland
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of Cyanogenesis in Palms (Arecaceae) Carl E
    Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 28 (2000) 219}228 A survey of cyanogenesis in palms (Arecaceae) Carl E. Lewis!,*, Scott Zona",# !L.H. Bailey Hortorium, 462 Mann Library, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA "Fairchild Tropical Garden, 11935 Old Cutler Road, Miami, FL 33156, USA #Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA Received 21 December 1998; received in revised form 25 January 1999; accepted 27 May 1999 Abstract We surveyed leaf material of 545 individual palms representing 108 genera and 155 species for cyanogenesis using the Feigl-Anger test. We detected HCN production in only two species of one genus, Drymophloeus. Additional smaller surveys of shoot meristems and roots revealed cyanogenesis only in the shoot meristem of one species of Dypsis. Our results indicate that cyanogenesis is rather rare in the family. ( 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Drymophloeus; Dypsis; Arecaceae; Palmae; Palms; Cyanogenesis; Cyanide; HCN 1. Introduction Cyanide production is a widespread phenomenon in plants, with cyanogenic compounds present in many species across the plant kingdom (Hegnauer, 1977). These compounds are often ecologically signi"cant and can be hazardous to human health when they occur in crop plants. Although cyanogenesis has arisen indepen- dently in several lineages, it is a good taxonomic marker for several groups of plants (e.g., Passi#oraceae; Olafsdottir et al., 1989). Cyanogenic plants typically store cyanide in the form of cyanogenic glycosides. These plants release HCN only after tissue damage brings apoplastic {-glucosidases into contact with vacuolar glycosides. Some phenotypically acyanogenic plants * Corresponding author. Tel.: #1-607-255-8916 fax: #1-607-255-7979.
    [Show full text]