3 CONTACT DETAILS Dean Prof Danie Vermeulen +27 51 401 2322 [email protected] MARKETING MANAGER ISSUED BY Ms Elfrieda Lötter Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences +27 51 401 2531 University of the Free State [email protected] EDITORIAL COMPILATION PHYSICAL ADDRESS Ms Elfrieda Lötter Room 9A, Biology Building, Main Campus, Bloemfontein LANGUAGE REVISION Dr Cindé Greyling and Elize Gouws POSTAL ADDRESS University of the Free State REVISION OF BIBLIOGRAPHICAL DATA PO Box 339 Dr Cindé Greyling Bloemfontein DESIGN, LAYOUT South Africa )LUHÀ\3XEOLFDWLRQV 3W\ /WG 9300 PRINTING Email: [email protected] SA Printgroup )DFXOW\ZHEVLWHZZZXIVDF]DQDWDJUL

4 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 CONTENT PREFACE Message from the Dean 7

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Agricultural Economics 12 Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences 18 Plant Sciences 26 Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences 42

BUILDING SCIENCES Architecture 50 Quantity Surveying and Construction Management 56 8UEDQDQG5HJLRQDO3ODQQLQJ 

NATURAL SCIENCES Chemistry 66 Computer Sciences and Informatics 80 Consumer Sciences 88 Genetics 92 Geography 100 Geology 106 Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Science 112 Mathematics and Applied Mathematics 116 Mathematics 120 0LFURELDO%LRFKHPLFDODQG)RRG%LRWHFKQRORJ\  Physics 136 Zoology and Entomology 154

5 Academic Centres Disaster Management Training and Education Centre of Africa - DiMTEC 164 Centre for Environmental Management - CEM 170 Centre for Microscopy 180 6XVWDLQDEOH$JULFXOWXUH5XUDO'HYHORSPHQWDQG([WHQVLRQ  Paradys Experimental Farm 188 Engineering Sciences 192 Institute for Groundwater Studies 194

ACADEMIC SUPPORT UNITS Electronics Division 202 Instrumentation 206

STATISTICAL DATA Statistics 208

LIST OF ACRONYMS List of Acronyms 209

6 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 0(66$*( from the '($1  ANNUAL REPORT

2016 will be remembered as one of the worst ±ZKHUHHDFKELQFRXOGFRQWDLQDXQLTXHSURGXFWDQG years for tertiary education in South Africa due once a product is there, it remains. It should have no WRVWXGHQWXQUHVW²ÀUVWWKH5KRGHV0XVW)DOO LQWHUDFWLRQZLWKDQ\RWKHUVLOR7KHRWKHUVLORVFDQEH HPSWLHGVKLSSHGRUUH¿OOHGZLWKQHZSURGXFWVZLWKRXW DQG WKHQ WKH )HHV0XVW)DOO PRYHPHQWV DႇHFWLQJWKHVLORLQTXHVWLRQ,QDQRUJDQLVDWLRQWKHUH 7KH WLPLQJ RI WKHVH PRYHPHQWV SODFHG DUHSHRSOHDQGJURXSVWKDWEHKDYHLQWKHVDPHPDQQHU WUHPHQGRXV SUHVVXUH RQ XQLYHUVLW\ VWDII Their little slice of the world does not interact with the HVSHFLDOO\ ZLWKLQ RXU IDFXOW\ ZKHUH PDQ\ rest of the organisation. They make decisions without SUDFWLFDOOHFWXUHVZHUHXQÀQLVKHG7RJLYHRXU FRQVLGHULQJKRZWKH\DႇHFWWKHUHVWRIWKHEXVLQHVV VWXGHQWVDÀJKWLQJFKDQFHWRFRPSOHWHWKH /LNH JUDLQ VLORV WKH\ KDYH DQG ZRUN WR PDLQWDLQ  \HDUVXFFHVVIXOO\ZHKDGWRWKLQNLQQRYDWLYHO\ EDUULHUV DURXQG WKHP 7\SLFDOO\ WKH\ DUH SHUFHLYHG DVEHLQJOHVVLQWHUHVWHGLQWKHRYHUDOOVXFFHVVRIWKH DQGSODQFDUHIXOO\WKURXJKRXWWKHODVWSDUWRI organisation, and more occupied with maintaining their WKHVHPHVWHU$SRVLWLYHRXWFRPHZDVWKDW normal state. VWDIIPRYHGWRDPRUHEOHQGHGDSSURDFKLQ TKH µ6LOR (ႇHFW¶ LQ DFDGHPLD UHIHUV WR SURIHVVRUV WKHFXUULFXOXP,WDOVRDOHUWHGXVDERXWZKDW ZKR EHFRPH VR LVRODWHG ZLWKLQ WKHLU RZQ DFDGHPLF LV PRUH UHOHYDQW IRU LQGXVWU\ 8QIRUWXQDWHO\ QHLJKERXUKRRG WKDW WKH\ H[SHULHQFH PLQLPDO the aftereffect of the unrest left students less interaction with colleagues and other departments. ZHOOSUHSDUHGIRUWKDQWKH\VKRXOGKDYH One unintended outcome of this siloed approach EHHQ HVSHFLDOO\ LQ WKH PRUH PDWKHPDWLFDO WR UHVHDUFK LV D GXSOLFDWLRQ RI HႇRUW 6XFK LVRODWLRQ FRXUVHV  DQG LW UHÁHFWHG LQ WKHLU UHVXOWV :H results from the pressures of class preparation, WUXVW WKDW VLPLODU LQFLGHQWV ZLOO QRW UHRFFXU grading, advising, committee work, service to the as it affects the academic integrity and LQVWLWXWLRQFRQWLQXLQJHGXFDWLRQZULWLQJDQGSXEOLVKLQJ SHUIRUPDQFHRIRXUVWXGHQWV participation in conventions, speaking engagements, additional teaching duties for other institutions, and The theme of our 2017 annual report is ‘Academic community service. The rat race of the academic year 6LORV¶ ± ZLWK VLOR EHLQJ XVHG DV D PHWDSKRU DQG QRW can cause an academic to get into a routine or a ‘zone’ an actual silo. According to the Oxford Dictionary, where every minute is scheduled and accounted for. the literal meaning of silo is “a tower or pit on a farm Unfortunately, these packed schedules leave little used to store grain”. The metaphorical meaning is: “A WLPHIRUVLJQL¿FDQWVRFLDODQGSURIHVVLRQDOLQWHUDFWLRQV system, process, department, etc., that operates in with colleagues, for example teatime gatherings and isolation from others”. departmental functions. It is usually during these 3LFWXUHDJUDLQHOHYDWRU±ZKLFKLVDFROOHFWLRQRIELQV LQWHUDFWLRQV DQG VRPHWLPHV UREXVW GLVFXVVLRQV  WKDW

7 QHZ UHVHDUFK LGHDV DUH ERUQ +RZ PDQ\ DFDGHPLFV We intend to introduce a competition for all DUHDZDUHRIZKDWRWKHUVLQWKHGHSDUWPHQWDUHEXV\ academics, during which they can discuss their with? research within a few minutes. This should SURYLGHDSODWIRUPIRULQIRUPLQJVWDႇDERXWZKDW 2QH NH\ FRPSRQHQW WKDW QDWXUDODJULFXOWXUDO VFLHQWLVW researchers in the various departments do, and tend to ignore, is the integration with social science. It ZKDWWKHIDFXOW\LVEXV\ZLWK is time for us to interact with the social scientists much x Equipment: Supporting cutting-edge research PRUHDQGWREULQJWKHKXPDQIDFWRUFRPSRQHQWLQWR is critical to the mission of universities. For this, our research. ZHQHHGVWDWHRIWKHDUWHTXLSPHQWWKDWFDQEH ,VRODWLRQ IURP RWKHUV FDQ EH GHWULPHQWDO WR \RXU used across faculties. We started a programme professional development. We gain new knowledge GXULQJ WKH \HDU WR GHWHUPLQH WKH HTXLSPHQW DQG LQVLJKWV E\ LQWHUDFWLQJ ZLWK FROOHDJXHV LQ RWKHU QHHGVDVZHOODVGLVFXVVLRQVRQKRZZHZLOOEH ¿HOGVDQGHYHQZLWKLQRXURZQ¿HOG6KDULQJLGHDVDQG DEOHWRDႇRUGLW experiences can also improve our teaching. People 7KH FXUUHQW ¿QDQFLDO VLWXDWLRQ UHTXLUHV DFDGHPLFV WR DUHQRWDVHႇHFWLYHRUSURGXFWLYHZKHQWKH\ZRUNDORQH UHO\ PRUH RQ ¿QGLQJ WKHLU RZQ IXQGLQJ E\ PHDQV RI DVZKHQWKH\FROODERUDWHZLWKRWKHUV7RH[DPLQH\RXU grants and interaction with industry. Therefore, it is RZQ H[SHULHQFH RI WKH µVLOR HႇHFW¶ UHÀHFW RQ WKHVH QHFHVVDU\WKDWZHPDUNHWUHOHYDQWUHVHDUFKUHTXLUHGE\ TXHVWLRQV LQGXVWU\:HFDQQRWDႇRUGWRFRQWLQXHGRLQJUHVHDUFK x +RZPDQ\GLႇHUHQWFROOHDJXHVGR\RXLQWHUDFW that is only of an academic nature; we must adapt to with each week? ZKDWLQGXVWU\UHTXLUHVIURPXV7KLVLPSOLHVWKDWZHZLOO x How many hours per week do you spend on have to interact with the various disciplines of industry interacting with colleagues? And how many PRUH UHJXODUO\ ,QGXVWU\ UHTXLUHPHQWV FKDQJH HYHU\ hours do you spend working alone? year, and we must make sure that we remain relevant.

x $UH\RXVDWLV¿HGZLWKWKHDPRXQWRILQWHUDFWLRQ That said, we need real silos on the farm as well. We that you have with colleagues? adopted a more hands-on training approach on the x How much interaction do you have with other farm, necessitating the re-introduction of the dairy, a departments in the faculty, and in other faculties? SLJJHU\EURLOHUXQLWDQGLQWHQVLYHVKHHSXQLW7RPDNH ,VLWSRVVLEOHIRUDFDGHPLFVWREUHDNWKURXJKWKHVLORV WKLV YLDEOH ZH PXVW SURGXFH PRUH RI RXU RZQ IRRG to form relationship networks across departments and therefore, we rented the experimental Pannar farm across faculties? With our intentional strategy, we want in Bainsvlei where we intend to produce maize and WREUHDNGRZQWKHEDUULHUVEHWZHHQIDFXOW\PHPEHUV OXFHUQH IRU WKH IDUP¶V QHHGV :H GR QHHG WR ¿OO WKH and encourage interaction that will help them improve silos! WKHLU HႇHFWLYHQHVV DV HGXFDWRUV ZKLOH DOVR PHHWLQJ 6WDႇDQGVWXGHQWDFKLHYHPHQWV some of their personal needs. Department of Physics: x Performance: Unfortunately, most higher (GZDUG /HH ZRQ WKH EHVW VWXGHQWSRVWGRFWRUDO RUDO education institutions do not place value on prize at the annual Physics conference. This prize WHDPZRUN DPRQJ IDFXOW\ PHPEHUV 1RW PXFK LV DFFRPSDQLHG E\ D

8 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 en Kuns Studentesimposium 2017 KRVWHG E\ WKH Centre for Environmental Management attended the 8QLYHUVLW\RI3UHWRULD2XUVWXGHQWVGLGDQLQFUHGLEOH %LHQQLDO *URXQGZDWHU &RQIHUHQFH LQ 6WHOOHQERVFK MRE LQ SUHVHQWLQJ WKHLU UHVSHFWLYH UHVHDUFK SURMHFWV IURP  WR  2FWREHU  ZKHUH WKH\ SUHVHQWHG LQ$IULNDDQV7ZRVWXGHQWVFODLPHG¿UVWSODFHLQWKHLU papers. respective sessions, and two were rewarded with the Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology: second place in their sessions. The Department of Biotechnology hosted a prestigious 3URIV +& 6ZDUW --7HUEODQV DQG WZR 06F VWXGHQWV postgraduate research day in June 2017. Postdoctoral attended the 9th International Conference on Advanced fellows from the department presented their research Materials, ROCAM 2017, in Bucharest, Romania, and progress on research projects. Several research from 11 to 14 July 2017, where Prof Swart gave an projects were presented, with themes ranging from invited talk and the others presented their work at the projects with commercialisation potential to cutting- conference. HGJH IXQGDPHQWDO UHVHDUFK SURMHFWV DERXW GLVHDVH Department of Plant Sciences: FRQWURODQGELRUHPHGLDWLRQ7KHHYHQWZDVVSRQVRUHG E\DODERUDWRU\VXSSOLHUFRPSDQ\6HSDUDWLRQV 6DGLH *HOGHQKX\V DQG &RUQpO %HQGHU ERWK UHFHLYHG a UFS Merit Award for outstanding research support 6DKHHG 6DELX D 3K' VWXGHQW LQ WKH 'HSDUWPHQW RI LQ  GXULQJ D IXQFWLRQ KHOG E\ WKH 9LFH5HFWRU RI %LRWHFKQRORJ\UHFHLYHG WKHSUL]HDVWKH¿UVWUXQQHU Research, Prof Corli Witthuhn. up in the Science category of the annual National WKUHHPLQXWHWKHVLVFRPSHWLWLRQDIWHUEHLQJWKHRYHUDOO Dr Angie van Biljon was elected as president of Cereal winner out of 11 Kovsie students who took part in the 6FLHQFHDQG7HFKQRORJ\6RXWK$IULFD &676$  regional competition.

3URI0DU\NH/DEXVFKDJQHZDVUHHOHFWHGDVWKH6RXWK 7UXGL 2¶1HLOO IURP WKH 'HSDUWPHQW RI 0LFURELDO African representative to the American Association for Biochemical and Food Biotechnology visited the Cereal Chemists. .XPDVL &HQWUH IRU &ROODERUDWLYH 5HVHDUFK DW WKH /LVD$QQ5RWKPDQQ 3K'VWXGHQWLQ3ODQW3DWKRORJ\  Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology participated in the 3-Minute-Thesis competition and .&&5.1867 LQ.XPDVL*KDQDRQ$SULO The KCCR-KNUST hosts the secretariat for the African was the winner in the PhD category. Research Network for Neglected Tropical Diseases Department of Urban and Regional Planning: $517' RIZKLFK'U2¶1HLOOLVWKHLQWHULPFKDLU

'U7KXOLVLOH0SKDPEXNHOLZDVLQYLWHGWRIRUPSDUWRI Institute for Groundwater Studies the South African delegation of experts to attend the 3URI $EGRQ $WDQJDQD UHFHLYHG WKH $IULFDQ $ZDUG 2017 BRICS Academic Forum in Fuzhou, China. of Applied Mathematics in Morocco during early Department of Geology: 1RYHPEHU

The department received the Haughton Award for the Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences \HDUIRUWKHEHVW+RQRXUVWKHVLV Prof Cornie van Huyssteen and his students attended Centre for Environmental Management: WKH1DWLRQDO:HWODQGV,QGDEDZKHUHWKH\SUHVHQWHG WKUHH SDSHUV 7KH LQGDED ZDV KHOG IURP  WR  Tshiamo Legoale, a master’s student in the Centre for 2FWREHUDWWKH:LOG&RDVW6XQQHDU3RUW(GZDUG (QYLURQPHQWDO0DQDJHPHQWZDVQDPHGWKH)DPH/DE International Champion at the Cheltenham Science Agricultural Economics Festival in the UK on 8 July 2017. Her mini-dissertation The Department of Agricultural Economics participated research is on how to use wheat in the harvesting of fully in ALFA 2017, held at the Afri-Dome, Parys, from leftover gold. WR6HSWHPEHU%HVLGHVKDYLQJDVWDOOWKH Dr Falko Buschke and his students attended the 14th department was actively involved in the ALFA schools $QQXDO .LPEHUOH\ %LRGLYHUVLW\ 5HVHDUFK 6\PSRVLXP competition, which included 13 agricultural schools KHOGDWWKH6RO3ODDWMH8QLYHUVLW\LQ.LPEHUOH\ URXJKO\  OHDUQHUV  IURP DFURVV WKH FRXQWU\ 7ZR WURSKLHVZHUHVSRQVRUHGE\WKHGHSDUWPHQWDQGZHUH Richard Williamson and Surina Esterhuyse from the awarded during the closing function.

9 Frikkie Maré from the Department of Agricultural potential and are open to all institutions in South Africa Economics and Dr Johan van Zyl from Economic and WKDWRႇHU4XDQWLW\6XUYH\LQJSURJUDPPHV Management Sciences attended the 21st congress 5HVHDUFKSHUIRUPDQFH of the International Farm Management Association ,)0$ LQ(GLQEXUJK6FRWODQGIURPWR-XO\ During the 2017 graduations, the Faculty of Natural DQG$JULFXOWXUDO6FLHQFHVFRQIHUUHGDODUJHQXPEHURI Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences master’s and PhD degrees, the most in many years. Dr Francois Deacon from the Department of Animal, ,WLVTXLWHDQDFKLHYHPHQWZKHQFRPSDUHGWRWKHUHVW Wildlife and Grassland Sciences at the University of the RIWKHXQLYHUVLW\6HYHUDOVWDႇPHPEHUVDOVRLPSURYHG )UHH6WDWH 8)6 OHGDPXOWLVSHFLDOLVWUHVHDUFKJURXS their NRF ratings, with Prof Meyer retaining his B2 RIPRUHWKDQSHRSOHIURPGLႇHUHQWFRXQWULHVWR rating and Prof Andre Roodt improving to a B2. FROOHFWLQIRUPDWLRQDERXWJLUDႇHVGXULQJ2FWREHU During 2016, the following academic outputs were Computer Science and Informatics REWDLQHGE\WKHIDFXOW\ZLWK3URI+HQGULN6ZDUWIURP The Department of Computer Science and Informatics 3K\VLFVDQG3URI$EGRQ$WDQJDQDIURPWKH,QVWLWXWHIRU and the IT department at CUT co-presented the annual Groundwater Studies again the top performers: conference of the South African Institute of Computer ‡  DUWLFOHV ZHUH SXEOLVKHG ZKLFK LV D OLWWOH OHVV 6FLHQWLVWV DQG ,QIRUPDWLRQ 7HFKQRORJLVWV 6$,&6,7  than in 2016. This comprises 39% of the total Prof Pieter Blignaut was elected as vice-president of SXEOLFDWLRQXQLWVRIWKHXQLYHUVLW\8QIRUWXQDWHO\WKH SAICSIT for the period 2017-2019. ODUJHUZRUNORDGDWWKHEHJLQQLQJRIWKH\HDU GXHWR Sustainable Agriculture WKHIHHVPXVWIDOOSURWHVW UHVXOWHGLQOHVVWLPHIRU UHVHDUFKGXULQJWKHVXPPHUEUHDN 7KH8QLYHUVLW\RIWKH)UHH6WDWH¶V&HQWUHIRU6XVWDLQDEOH • Seven of the top 14 departments regarding $JULFXOWXUHZDVUHSUHVHQWHGE\-:6ZDQHSRHODWWKH SXEOLFDWLRQ RXWSXWV DERYH  XQLWV  UHVLGH LQ RXU ,QWHUQDWLRQDO )RRG DQG $JULEXVLQHVV 0DQDJHPHQW faculty, with Physics the top performer again. $VVRFLDWLRQ¶V ,)$0$  &RQIHUHQFH LQ 0LDPL )ORULGD from 17 to 21 June 2017. He is a PhD student in :HOO GRQH WR HYHU\ERG\ ZKR FRQWULEXWHG WR WKH WKHFHQWUHDQGGLGKLVGHSDUWPHQWSURXGE\QRWRQO\ academic footprint of the faculty and the university. presenting results from his PhD in the academic It is my pleasure as dean to present to you our 2017 WUDFNRIWKHFRQIHUHQFHEXWDOVRE\EHLQJSDUWRIDQ Annual Report and extend my sincere gratitude to the advanced case-study team representing South African VWDႇ DQG VWXGHQWV IRU WKHLU VHOÀHVV FRPPLWPHQW WR universities, which won IFAMA’s International Student make this faculty and university great. I trust that 2018 Case Competition. ZLOOEHMXVWDVIDQWDVWLFDQH[SHULHQFHDVDQGWKDW Quantity Surveying and Construction Management we will improve even more on our academic activities. We owe it to ourselves. I want to conclude in a true Two UFS Quantity Surveying students received awards for academic excellence from the Association of South silo way with the words of Pearl Zhu in IT Innovation: $IULFDQ 4XDQWLW\ 6XUYH\RUV $6$46  %RWK DZDUGV Reinvent IT for the Digital Age³6LORVEXLOGWKHZDOOLQ consider academic excellence as well as leadership people’s minds and tie the knots in their hearts.”

10 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 11 DEPARTMENT OF Agricultural ECONOMICS

Contact Details 'U)ULNNLH0DUp $FDGHPLF'HSDUWPHQWDO+HDG  Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa Telephone: Fax: Email:0DUH)$#XIVDF]D Website:ZZZXIVDF]D

12 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 2017 Overview

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ACHIEVEMENTS $FWLYLWLHV 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV Two lecturers, PZ Mokhatla and Z Coka, were invited DVJXHVWVSHDNHUVWRWKH)($ )HPDOH(QWUHSUHQHXU Pascalina Mohlotsane successfully completed an international e-learning training course on Water $ZDUGV  ¿QDOLVW EXVLQHVV VXSSRUW ZRUNVKRS DW WKH Footprint Assessment. The course was presented E\WKH:DWHU)RRWSULQW1HWZRUNDQGWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI 7ZHQWH 7KH1HWKHUODQGV  6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV Four research assistants, Nngadiseng Motaung, 7DNDODQL7VKLEDOR.ZDWKLVR1HWVKLIKHIKHDQG$GHWRVR Adetoro, successfully completed an international e-learning training course on Water Footprint $VVHVVPHQW7KHFRXUVHZDVSUHVHQWHGE\WKH:DWHU )RRWSULQW1HWZRUNDQGWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI7ZHQWH 7KH 1HWKHUODQGV  $OGDP+ROLGD\5HVRUWQHDU9HQWHUVEXUJRQ$XJXVW 2017. Coka presented on strategic management and IDUPLQJ VXFFHVV DQG 0RNKDWOD VSRNH DERXW IDUPLQJ success. He showed the farmers how to construct a EXVLQHVVSODQKLJKOLJKWLQJWKHLPSRUWDQFHWKHUHRI We participated in the ALFA Livestock Expo 2017 at WKH$IUL'RPH3DU\VIURPWR6HSWHPEHU In addition to our information stand, we sponsored and awarded two trophies in the ALFA schools competition

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three international speakers: Dr Joseph Donnermeyer 86$  'U (ODLQH %DUFOD\ $XVWUDOLD  DQG (PPDQXHO %XQHL .HQ\D  Dr Henry Jordaan attended the 23rd International WKDW LQFOXGHG  DJULFXOWXUDO VFKRROV URXJKO\  &RPPLVVLRQ RQ ,UULJDWLRQ DQG 'UDLQDJH ,&,'  OHDUQHUV IURPDFURVVWKHFRXQWU\ &RQJUHVVLQ0H[LFR&LW\IURPWR2FWREHU Our unit in Livestock Economics hosted the second annual Veeplaas Intensive Sheep Farming School on the Bloemfontein Campus during April 2017. This VFKRRO SUHVHQWHG LQ FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 3ODDV 0HGLD and Mamre, was a sold-out event with 160 attendees.

He presented a paper, ‘Management Practices and the Water Footprint of Irrigated Sugarcane Production in 6RXWK$IULFD¶ EDVHG RQ WKH UHVHDUFK RI KLV PDVWHU¶V degree student, Adetoso Adetoro – who could not attend. Dr AA Ogundeji presented a paper titled ‘The Impact of Climate Change on Crop Water Use and Chill Unit Accumulation: A South African Case Study’ at the Water Security and Climate Change Conference, in &RORJQH *HUPDQ\ IURP  WR  6HSWHPEHU  7KH FRQIHUHQFH ZDV RUJDQLVHG E\ WKH ,QVWLWXWH IRU Technology and Resources Management in the Tropics DQG6XEWURSLFV During the Nampo Harvest Festival, students from our department attended the Nation in Conversation event outside Bothaville on 19 May 2017.

14 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 3URI%HQQLH*URYpDOVROHDGVWZRSURMHFWVIXQGHGE\ WKH:5&7KH¿UVWLVFRQFHUQHGZLWKWKHGHYHORSPHQW of appropriate management approaches to reduce electricity costs, improve water-use productivity, and LQFUHDVHWKHSUR¿WDELOLW\RILUULJDWLRQIDUPLQJLQ6RXWK Africa. The second is concerned with the development and application of a long-run hydro-economic risk simulation and optimisation-modelling framework WR TXDQWLI\ WKH K\GURHFRQRPLF LPSDFW RI ZDWHU curtailments. ,Q D FROODERUDWLYH UHVHDUFK SURMHFW 'UV -DQXV Henning and Henry Jordaan work with scientists from the University of KwaZulu-Natal on a project for the Frikkie Maré represented the Department of Agricultural WRC, exploring entrepreneurial development paths Economics at the International Farm Management to facilitate the participation of rural youth in formal $VVRFLDWLRQ&RQJUHVV ,)0$ LQ(GLQEXUJK6FRWODQG agricultural activities. Another research project for WKH :5& LV OHG E\ 'U 1LFROHWWH 0DWWKHZV DQG 3URI *URYp ZLWK WKH DLP RI GHYHORSLQJ DQ LQWHJUDWHG ELR physical and economic model to develop guidelines for water and salt stress management within a precision agriculture framework. Lastly on the water theme, Dr $ELRGXQ 2JXQGHML ZRUNV ZLWK 3URI $QGULHV -RUGDDQ from DiMTEC on a project for the WRC, exploring farmers’ coping and adaptation strategies to drought and other water-related risks in a changing climate. Our Livestock Economics unit is involved in a variety of research projects related to the economics of livestock production in South Africa. Their research HQGHDYRXUVDUHPDLQO\IXQGHGE\5HG0HDW5HVHDUFK DQG'HYHORSPHQW6RXWK$IULFD 505'6$ WKH5HG GXULQJ -XO\  ZKHUH ZH KDG WKUHH FRQWULEXWHG 0HDW 3URGXFHUV 2UJDQLVDWLRQ 532  DQG SULYDWH SDSHUV2QWKHSKRWRLV'DYLG+XPDQ =RHWLV6RXWK DJULEXVLQHVVHV 5HVHDUFK SURMHFWV IXQGHG E\ 505' $IULFD 3KLOOLS2RVWKXL]HQ 6HUQLFNDQGIRUPHUVWXGHQW 6$ LQFOXGH D SURMHFW OHG E\ :DOWHU YDQ 1LHNHUN LQ WKH GHSDUWPHQW  'U -RKDQ YDQ =\O &HQWUH IRU on wildlife predation in South Africa to assess the 'HYHORSPHQW 6XSSRUW 8)6  DQG 0DUp 'HSDUWPHQW economic impact of wildlife predation and the factors RI$JULFXOWXUDO(FRQRPLFV8)6  DႇHFWLQJ ZLOGOLIH SUHGDWLRQ LQ 6RXWK $IULFD :LOOHP /RPEDUGOHGWZRPRUHSURMHFWVIXQGHGE\505'6$ RESEARCH WKH¿UVWFRQFHUQLQJWKHHFRQRPLFLPSDFWRIVWRFNWKHIW DQGWKHIDFWRUVDႇHFWLQJVWRFNWKHIWLQ6RXWK$IULFDDQG 2XU UHVHDUFK HQGHDYRXUV FHQWUH DURXQG WZR EURDG the second with eye-tracking technology to research WKHPHV L  ZDWHUUHODWHG UHVHDUFK IXQGHG E\ WKH red-meat marketing in South Africa. Maré continues :5& DQG LL  UHVHDUFK RQ OLYHVWRFN HFRQRPLFV research activities with the Sernick group on the PDLQO\IXQGHGE\LQGXVWU\SDUWQHUV'U+HQU\-RUGDDQ HFRQRPLFV RI EHHI SURGXFWLRQ $ IHHGORW H[SHULPHQW is leading two research projects on water-footprint LV FRQGXFWHG ZLWK  %RQVPDUD EXOOV WR WHVW WKH DVVHVVPHQWWRLQIRUPVXVWDLQDEOHZDWHUXVHIRUIRRG HFRQRPLFDQGPHDWTXDOLW\LPSDFWVRIGLႇHUHQWJURZWK DQG¿EUHSURGXFWLRQLQ6RXWK$IULFD7KH¿UVWLVPRUH KRUPRQHVDQGEHWDDJRQLVWVDWGLႇHUHQWDGPLQLVWHUHG VSHFL¿FDOO\ FRQFHUQHG ZLWK WKH ZDWHU IRRWSULQWV RI rates and dates. VHOHFWHG¿HOGDQGIRUDJHFURSVDQGWKHVHFRQGZLWK ,QDGGLWLRQWRWKHDERYHUHVHDUFKSURMHFWVWZRRIRXU WKHZDWHUIRRWSULQWRIIXHODQG¿EUHFURSV,QDGGLWLRQ VWDႇPHPEHUVZHUHVXFFHVVIXOLQDSSO\LQJIRU7KXWKXND Dr Jordaan and Pascalina Mohlotsane are involved in UHVHDUFK IXQGLQJ 'U $ELRGXQ 2JXQGHML H[SORUHV D FROODERUDWLYH UHVHDUFK SURMHFW ZLWK DPRQJ RWKHUV Household Resilience to Agricultural Drought in the Northern Cape Province of South Africa, focusing on VFLHQWLVWV IURP 6WHOOHQERVFK 8QLYHUVLW\H[SORULQJ WKH WKHPDLQIDFWRUVWKDWHQDEOHVPDOOKROGHUDQGHPHUJLQJ scope of using water-footprint assessment to inform livestock farming households in the Northern Cape VXVWDLQDEOHZDWHUXVHLQWKHSURGXFWLRQRIWDEOHJUDSHV RI 6RXWK$IULFD WR UHVLVW DEVRUE DFFRPPRGDWH DQG and wine. recover from agricultural drought. The other Thuthuka

15 SURMHFW LV OHG E\ 'U

16 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Environment 599: 14-19. Royal Elephant Lodge and Conference Centre, Centurion. Verones, F, Bare, J, Bulle, C, Frischknecht, R, Hauschild, 6HSWHPEHU M, Hellweg, S, Henderson, A, Jolliet, O, Laurent, A, Liao, 1FXEH $ %DKWD <7 DQG -RUGDDQ $-  Analysis of S, Lindner, JP, De Souza, DM, Michelsen, O, Patouillard, L, African migrant women coping and adaption in South Africa: 3¿VWHU63RVWKXPD/3UDGR95LGRXWW%5RVHQEDXP the human and social livelihood capitals approach. The RK, Sala, S, Ugaya, C, Vieira, M, Fantke, P. 2017. LCIA 'LVDVWHU0DQDJHPHQW,QVWLWXWHRI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD '0,6$  framework and cross-cutting issues guidance within the Conference. Coega Vulidlela Conference Centre, Port UNEP-SETAC Life Cycle Initiative. Journal of Cleaner (OL]DEHWK6HSWHPEHU Production 161: 957-967. 7VKLEDOR7%DKWD<7DQG*H\HU$Price Attributes Quinteiro, P, Van de Broek, M, Dias, A-C, Ridoutt, BG, of South African Merino Wool: A Hedonic Pricing model Govers, G, Arroja, L. 2017. Life cycle impacts of topsoil approach. 55th Annual Conference of the Agricultural HURVLRQRQDTXDWLFELRWDFDVHVWXG\RQ(XFDO\SWXVJOREXOXV Economic Association of South Africa. The Elangeni Hotel, forest. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment   'XUEDQ6HSWHPEHU 159-171. Owusu-Sekyere, E, and Jordaan, H. 2017. Compensating &KDSWHUVLQ%RRNV welfare estimates for water and carbon footprint sustainability /RPEDUG :$ 9DQ 1LHNHUN +1 *H\HU $& -RUGDDQ policy changes in South Africa. Agricultural Economics +  )DFWRUV DႇHFWLQJ VKHHS WKHIW LQ WKH )UHH 6WDWH 6RFLHW\ $QQXDO &RQIHUHQFH 7KH 5R\DO 'XEOLQ 6RFLHW\ Province of South Africa. Towards a Sustainable Agriculture: 'XEOLQ,UHODQG$SULO Farming Practices and Water Use. Series on Frontiers in Mohlotsane, P, Owusu-Sekyere, E, and Jordaan, H. 2017. Sustainability: Volume 1. Jordaan, H, Bergman, MM. Basel, Water footprint assessment along the wheat-bread value Switzerland. MDPI chain towards the sustainable use of freshwater in South Maré, FA, Maré, HP. 2017. Applying a Decision Support Africa (XURSHDQ *HRVFLHQFH 8QLRQ (*8  *HQHUDO 0RGHO WR ,QYHVWLJDWH WKH ,QÀXHQFH RI 3UHFLVLRQ$JULFXOWXUH $VVHPEO\9LHQQD$XVWULD$SULO 3UDFWLFHV RQ 6XVWDLQDEOH &URS 3URGXFWLRQ Toward a Jordaan, H, Mare, F, Owusu-Sekyere, E, Scheepers, Sustainable Agriculture: Farming Practices and Water Use. ME, Mohlotsane, P, and Nkhoua, P. 2017. Water footprint Series on Frontiers in Sustainability: Volume 1. Jordaan, H, assessment to inform sustainable food production in South Bergman, MM. Basel, Switzerland. MDPI Africa WK :RUOG 6XVWDLQDELOLW\ )RUXP &DSH 7RZQ  Mdungela, NM, Bahta, YT, Jordaan, AJ. 2017. Farmer’s January. Choice of Drought Coping Strategies to Sustain Productivity Owusu-Sekyere, E, Mahlathi, YY, and Jordaan, H. 2017. in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Toward a Assessment of Consumers’ Stated Preferences for Water and Sustainable Agriculture: Farming Practices and Water Use. Carbon Footprint Sustainability Information: Insights from the Series on Frontiers in Sustainability: Volume 1. Jordaan, J, Gauteng Province of South AfricaWK:RUOG6XVWDLQDELOLW\ Bergman, MM. Basel, Switzerland. MDPI Forum. Cape Town, South Africa. 27–28 January. Conference Contributions STAFF /RPEDUG :$ 9DQ 1LHNHUN +1 DQG 0DUp )$  Associated Professors: Prof Bennie Grové. Assessing the economic impact of livestock theft in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Paper delivered at $ႈOLDWH3URIHVVRUV Prof Max Bergman. the 21st International Farm Management Congress “Future )DUPLQJ6\VWHPV´(GLQEXUJK6FRWODQG±-XO\ Senior Lecturers: Dr Henry Jordaan, Dr Nicky Matthews, 'U$ELRGXQ2JXQGHMLDQG.REXVYDQ6WDGHQ /RPEDUG :$ 9DQ =\O -+ DQG 6WRWW75  Increase IHHGORW SUR¿WDELOLW\ E\ GL௺HUHQWLDWLQJ EHWZHHQ EHHI EUHHGV. Lecturers: Dr Frikkie Maré, Dr Janus Henning, WA Paper delivered at the 21st International Farm Management /RPEDUG 3HWVR 0RNKDWOD :DOWHU YDQ 1LHNHUN DQG &RQJUHVV³)XWXUH)DUPLQJ6\VWHPV´(GLQEXUJK6FRWODQG Marcill Venter. 2-7 July. Junior Lecturers: 3DVFDOLQD 0RKORWVDQH DQG =LPELQL Oosthuizen, PL, and Maré, FA. 2017. Increase feedlot SUR¿WDELOLW\ E\ GL௺HUHQWLDWLQJ EHWZHHQ EHHI EUHHGV. 21st Coka. International Farm Management Congress “Future Farming Researchers: Dr Yonas Bahta and Primrose Madende Systems”. Paper delivered at the 21st International Farm Management Congress “Future Farming Systems”. Research Assistants: Jano Bezuidenhout, Tosho (GLQEXUJK6FRWODQG-XO\ Adetoro, Alex Botha, Enoch Owusu-Sekyere, André 9DQ 5RR\HQ )0 /RPEDUG :$ 2JXQGHML $$ DQG 9DQ )HUUHLUD )UHG7HUEODQFKH 0DU[ YDQ 5RR\HQ +DQQR Niekerk, HN. 2017. Factors contributing to cattle theft in Wessels, Violet Letseku, Nngadiseng Motaung, the Eastern Cape Province: An application of Craggs test Khwathiso Netshifhefhe, Chéri-Lynn Steyn, Takalani 3RVWHU SUHVHQWDWLRQ  $($6$ &RQIHUHQFH 7KH (ODQJHQL 7VKLEDOR +RWHO'XUEDQWR6HSWHPEHU Research Associates: Dr Brad Riddout and Dr Dirk /RPEDUG :$ 9DQ 1LHNHUN +1 9DQ 5RR\HQ )0 DQG Strydom Ogundeji, AA. 2017. )DFWRUVD௺HFWLQJOLYHVWRFNWKHIWLQWKH three South African provinces bordering Lesotho VXEPLWWHG 2ႈFHUV&KUL]QDYDQGHU0HUZHDQG,QD&RPEULQFN DV D SUHVHQWDWLRQ  ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 5XUDO &ULPH &RQIHUHQFH

17 DEPARTMENT OF Animal, Wildlife DQG*UDVVODQG6FLHQFHV

Contact Details 3URI):&1HVHU Department of Animal, Wildlife, and Grassland Sciences Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339| Bloemfontein 9300| South Africa Telephone: Fax:  Email:QHVHUIZ#XIVDF]D Website: ZZZXIVDF]D 2017 Overview 7KH 'HSDUWPHQW RI $QLPDO :LOGOLIH DQG *UDVVODQG 6FLHQFHV FHOHEUDWHG WKH JRRGLQODQGUDLQVGXULQJZLWKIDUPHUV:HH[SHULHQFHGORZHUPDL]HDQG LPSURYHGOLYHVWRFNSULFHVLQDOOVSHFLHVDVIDUPHUVVWDUWHGWRUHEXLOGÁRFNVDQG KHUGVDIWHUWKHSURORQJHGGURXJKW%HFDXVHIDUPHUVUHWDLQHGIHPDOHDQLPDOV IRUEUHHGLQJOHVVDQLPDOVZHUHDYDLODEOHIRUVODXJKWHULQJUHVXOWLQJLQDGUDVWLF PHDWSULFHLQFUHDVHIRUFRQVXPHUV 7KH GURXJKW RQFH DJDLQ HPSKDVLVHG WKH LPSRUWDQFH RI D SURSHU YHOG PDQDJHPHQW SURJUDPPH DV ZHOO DV UHFRUGNHHSLQJ RI SURGXFWLYH DQLPDOV ² VRPHWKLQJ ZH KDYH EHHQ DGYRFDWLQJ IRU D ORQJ WLPH 8QIRUWXQDWHO\ WKH :HVWHUQ &DSH LV VWLOO FDXJKW XS LQ D VHYHUH GURXJKW DQG ZH PD\ RQO\ VHH SRVVLEOHUHOLHILQWKHZLQWHURI $Q RXWEUHDN RI DYLDQ LQÁXHQ]D DQG WKH LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI WKH $*2$ DJUHHPHQWRQLPSRUWVRIFKLFNHQPHDWIURPWKH86$KDGDVHYHUHLPSDFWRQWKH SURÀWDELOLW\RISRXOWU\SURGXFHUVZLWKVRPHUHGXFLQJWKHLUSURGXFWLRQFDSDFLW\ :KLOHWKHSRXOWU\LQGXVWU\UHPDLQVRQHRIWKHODUJHVWUROHSOD\HUVLQDJULFXOWXUDO MRE RSSRUWXQLWLHV WKHVH WZR IDFWRUV FRXOG MHRSDUGLVH WKH HPSOR\PHQW RI WKRXVDQGV,WRQFHDJDLQVWUHVVHVWKHGDQJHUVRIGXPSLQJJRRGVDQGSURGXFWV RQWKHIUDJLOH6RXWK$IULFDQPDUNHWZKLOHRXUELRVHFXULW\SURWRFROVDOVRQHHG VHULRXVUHHYDOXDWLRQ 'DPSHQLQJ WKH JRRG VSLULW RI IDUPHUV DIWHU WKH UDLQV ZDV WKH UXOLQJ SDUW\·V DGRSWLRQ RI WKH SROLF\ RQ ODQG H[SURSULDWLRQ ZLWKRXW FRPSHQVDWLRQ 7KH XUJHQF\RIWKHPDWWHUVSDUNHGPDQ\GLVFXVVLRQVZKLOH2UJDQLVHG$JULFXOWXUH DUHDFWLYHO\LQYROYHGLQWKHVHGLVFXVVLRQVWRHQVXUHVXVWDLQDEOHIRRGSURGXFWLRQ +RZHYHU LW LV LPSRUWDQW WR UHDOLVH WKDW WKH UHGLVWULEXWLRQ RI ODQG WR SHRSOH ZLWKRXWWKHSURSHUWUDLQLQJDQGÀQDQFLDOEDFNLQJLVGRRPHG:HDUHDFWLYHO\ LQYROYHG LQ WUDLQLQJ HPHUJLQJ DQG FRPPXQDO IDUPHUV WKURXJK VKRUW FRXUVHV DQGDPHQWRULQJSURJUDPPHRQRXUH[SHULPHQWDOIDUPV *RRGQHZVLVWKDW6RXWK$IULFDEHFDPHDQHWH[SRUWHURIPHDWLQ,ILW LVSRVVLEOHWRLPSURYHWKHPDQDJHPHQWDQGIHUWLOLW\LQWKHFRPPXQDOVHFWRU H[SRUWVFRXOGEHHYHQKLJKHU+RZHYHUWKLVZLOORQO\KDSSHQYLDSURSHUWUDLQLQJ DQGPHQWRUVKLSRIWKHVHIDUPHUV

ACHIEVEMENTS 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV Dr Foch-Henri de Witt received his PhD during 2017 and Dr Francois Deacon was promoted to senior lecturer. The article ‘Optimal geographical areas for milk production in Holstein cows on pastures: PRGHOOHGIRUFXUUHQWDQGIXWXUHFOLPDWLFFRQGLWLRQV¶E\ Dr R Williams, Prof MM Scholtz, and Prof FWC Neser, SXEOLVKHG LQ WKH South African Journal of Animal Science 6$-$6  UHFHLYHG WKH SUL]H IRU EHVW DUWLFOH SXEOLVKHG LQ WKLV MRXUQDO IRU  ,W LV WKH WKLUG WLPH that Prof Neser received this award. He also received DSUL]HIRUWKHPRVWTXRWHGDUWLFOHGXULQJWKHSUHYLRXV Best South African Journal of Animal Science 6$-$6  ¿YH\HDUV3URI-DSLHYDQ:\NUHFHLYHGDQKRQRUDU\ DUWLFOHSXEOLVKHG±3URI):&1HVHU PHPEHU DZDUG DQG JROG PHGDO IRU VHUYLFH WR WKH Most cited South African Journal of Animal Science 6$6$6 6RXWK $IULFDQ 6RFLHW\ IRU $QLPDO 6FLHQFH  6$-$6 DUWLFOHGXULQJWKHSDVW¿YH\HDUV±3URI):& community. Neser

19 6HYHUDOVWDႇPHPEHUVDWWHQGHGORFDODQGLQWHUQDWLRQDO congresses, including the SASAS congress held in 3RUW(OL]DEHWKZKHUHZHGHOLYHUHGRUDODQGSRVWHU SUHVHQWDWLRQV 4XLWH D IHZ RI RXU VWXGHQWV DQG VWDႇ PHPEHUVDOVRUHFHLYHGDZDUGVDWWKLVFRQJUHVV VHH $FKLHYHPHQWV 

Honorary member award and gold medal for service to SASAS community – Prof JB van Wyk

6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV 7KH8)6WHDP¿QLVKHGLQIRXUWKSODFHGXULQJWKHVWXGHQW TXL] KHOG DW WKH 6$6$6 FRQJUHVV LQ 3RUW (OL]DEHWK (DVWHUQ&DSHIURPWR6HSWHPEHU,PNH Early in the morning, and some of the personnel from the Stehn received the Kovsie Alumni Trust award for department is heading for NAMPO 2017, outside Bothaville WKHEHVW¿QDO\HDU%6F$JULFVWXGHQWDQG&KpUL/\QQ (Photo: Dr Beanelri Janecke) Steyn, a third-year student majoring in Animal Science and Agricultural Economics, was named Kovsie Dux IRU

Jossie van der Merwe sitting in the wheel of a Case tractor at the NAMPO show. (Photo: Dr Beanelri Janecke)

Chéri-Lynn Steyn – KOVSIE DUX student for 2016/2017, is a BScAgric Animal Science student

$FWLYLWLHV :H DUH DFWLYHO\ LQYROYHG LQ ERWK UHVHDUFK DQG technology transfer in the Animal Science industry we serve. We presented lectures at several farmers’ days LQ6RXWK$IULFDDQG1DPLELDDQGFRPSOHWHGUHVHDUFK WULDOV VSRQVRUHG E\ FRPSDQLHV VXFK DV 9RHUPRO Molatek, Nutri Feeds, Supreme Poultry, Sernick, and WKH$JULFXOWXUDO5HVHDUFK&RXQFLO $5&  Prof Frikkie Neser is a judge for the Pick n Pay National Stud Farmer of the Year and the Pick n Pay award for the farmer who made the most progress in the last decade. He also attended and presented at WKH (XURSHDQ )HGHUDWLRQ RI$QLPDO 6FLHQFH ($$3  Giant cattle – the Chianina-Brahman cross at the NAMPO congress in Tallinn, Estonia. show. (Photo: Dr Beanelri Janecke)

20 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 A predator-management information centre was HVWDEOLVKHG LQ WKH GHSDUWPHQW 7KH FHQWUH FRQGXFWV UHVHDUFK RQ WKH LPSDFW RI SUHGDWRUV EODFNEDFNHG MDFNDODQGFDUDFDO RQWKHOLYHVWRFNLQGXVWU\LQ6RXWK $IULFD7KLVSUREOHPLVHVWLPDWHGWRFRVWWKHOLYHVWRFN industry in South Africa more than R2 000 million annually. All the livestock sectors are involved in this centre. 1DWLRQDODQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ROODERUDWLRQ %RWK QDWLRQDO DQG LQWHUQDWLRQDO FROODERUDWLRQ DUH LPSRUWDQW IRU DQ\ DFDGHPLF LQVWLWXWLRQ &ROODERUDWLRQ

:,/'¿HOGWULSWR7XVVHQGLH5LYLHUH1DWXUH5HVHUYH ZLWK WKH $JULFXOWXUDO 5HVHDUFK &RXQFLO $5&  LV RI from 13 to 15 October 2017 VSHFLDO LPSRUWDQFH 7KH WZR LQVWLWXWLRQV 8)6 DQG $5& VKDUHVHYHUDOVWXGHQWVDQGWKH$5&DOVRIXQGHG some of the research conducted at the UFS. RESEARCH /RFDO FROODERUDWLRQV ZHUH DOVR H[WHQGHG WR RWKHU 2XUUHVHDUFKIRFXVHVRQVHYHUDOEURDGWRSLFVQDPHO\ organisations such as the universities of Pretoria, Fort DQLPDO EUHHGLQJ PRQRJDVWULF QXWULWLRQ SLJV SRXOWU\ +DUHDQG6WHOOHQERVFKWKH'HSDUWPHQWRI$JULFXOWXUH KLQGJXW IHUPHQWLQJ KHUELYRUHV DQG ZLOG FDUQLYRUHV  *OHQ (OVHQEXUJ DQG *URRWIRQWHLQ  WKH PDMRULW\ RI DQGUXPLQDQWQXWULWLRQ FDWWOHVKHHSJRDWVDQGZLOG EUHHGLQJVRFLHWLHV$UWL¿FLDO,QVHPLQDWLRQ $, VWDWLRQV DQWHORSHV DQLPDOSK\VLRORJ\JUDVVODQGVFLHQFHDQG %UHHGSODQ 6$ 6RXWK$IULFDQ 6WXGERRN DQG YDULRXV ZLOGOLIHVFLHQFH5HVHDUFKWRSLFVDUHTXLWHGLYHUVHDQG poultry and feed companies. DSSOLFDEOHWRWKHFXUUHQWSUREOHPVIDFHGE\IDUPHUV producers, and wildlife ranchers. Dr Foch-Henri de Witt and Ockert Einkamerer, in FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK WKH WHFKQLFDO FRPPLWWHH RI WKH &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH $QLPDO)HHG0DQXIDFWXUHUV$VVRFLDWLRQ $)0$ DUH In 2017, the annual national Silage King competition, LQYROYHGLQHYDOXDWLQJWKHQXWULWLRQDOTXDOLW\RIKRPLQ\ RUJDQLVHG DQG RZQHG E\ 3ODDV 0HGLD WRRN SODFH FKRSDVE\SURGXFWRIWKHPDL]HPLOOLQJLQGXVWU\ from June to July. The University of the Free State was entrusted with the sampling of maize silage of contestants from all over South Africa. Two MScAgric students from the University of the Free State, Evan 0DF'RQDOG DQG .RELH YDQ GHU :DOW RYHUVDZ WKH correct sampling and logistics of the entire competition; in a space of three weeks they travelled 12 000 km ZKLOHVDPSOLQJDWRWDORIEXQNHUV Several community projects are still ongoing under WKH VXSHUYLVLRQ RI 3URI +2 GH :DDO 7KH ¿UVW LV WKH WZR 1JXQL &DWWOH SURMHFWV 1RUWKHUQ &DSH DQG )UHH 6WDWH LQFRQMXQFWLRQZLWKWKH,QGXVWULDO'HYHORSPHQW &RUSRUDWLRQ ,'& DQGYDULRXVSURYLQFLDOGHSDUWPHQWV From the left: Evan MacDonald (UFS), Sello (Sparta Baby RIDJULFXOWXUHWKDWKDYHEHHQHႇHFWLYHLQWKHWUDLQLQJ Beef – Marquard: RIEODFNIDUPHUVRYHUWKHSDVWWHQ\HDUV7KLVSURMHFW Winner of the sorghum silage category), and Ockert Einkamerer (Lecturer: Animal, Wildlife, and Grassland involves more than 90 farmers and more than 1 000 Sciences) KHDGRIUHJLVWHUHG1JXQLFDWWOH FRZVDQGEXOOV 7KH recognition received was very positive. Internationally, we have projects running in 7KHXVHRIVSLQHOHVVFDFWXVSHDU 2SXQWLD¿FXVLQGLFD  FROODERUDWLRQZLWK,15$LQ)UDQFHDQGDPHPRUDQGXP DV DQ LPSRUWDQW VRXUFH RI DQLPDO IHHG LV DOVR EHLQJ RIDJUHHPHQWZHUHSXWLQSODFHEHWZHHQWKH8)6DQG investigated. More than 52 hectares of spineless cactus AGROPARISTECH in Paris. Several international SHDURUFKDUGVKDYHEHHQHVWDEOLVKHGRQIDUPVDV researchers, such as Dr Mike MacNeil and Dr Vincent an alternative feed source and to help resource-poor 'XFURTDUHDOVRDFWLYHO\LQYROYHGLQERWKWHDFKLQJDQG farmers. research in this department.

21 Postgraduate Students HYDOXDWLRQRIFRZHႈFLHQF\South African Journal of Animal Science   We have approximately 25 registered postgraduate VWXGHQWV 06F DQG 3K'  LQ WKH GLႇHUHQW GLVFLSOLQHV Macneil, M, Scholtz, MM, Theunissen, A, De Bruyn, $QLPDO1XWULWLRQ$QLPDO3K\VLRORJ\$QLPDO%UHHGLQJ - DQG 1HVHU ):&  &URVVEUHHGLQJ LQ EHHI *UDVVODQG 6FLHQFH DQG :LOGOLIH 0DQDJHPHQW  ZKR SURGXFWLRQPHWDDQDO\VLVRIEUHHGPHDQVWRHVWLPDWH are in various stages of progress. Our research is EUHHGVSHFL¿F HႇHFWV RQ OHDWKHU SURSHUWLHV Animal PRVWO\ GULYHQ E\ WKH SRVWJUDGXDWH VWXGHQWV DQG Production Science 57: 811-814. SULPDULO\IRFXVHVRQDSSOLHGUHVHDUFKDVLGHQWL¿HGLQ Mapfumo, L, Muchenje, V, Mupangwa, J, and Scholtz, FROODERUDWLRQZLWKWKHUHOHYDQWLQGXVWULHV 00  &KDQJHV LQ ELRFKHPLFDO SUR[\ LQGLFDWRUV for nutritional stress resilience from Boran and Nguni STAFF MATTERS cows reared in dry arid rangeland. Tropical Animal Dr HA O’Neill, Dr Alfredo Lepori, GC Josling, JW Paulse, Health and Production QXOO QXOO and M van Niekerk were appointed and Dr AY Chulayo Mapholi, N, Maiwashe, A, Matika, O, Riggio, V, Banga, left the UFS to work at the Dohne Research station in C, Macneil, M, Muchenje, V, Nephawe, K, and Dzama, 6WXWWHUKHLP7KUHHRIRXUVHQLRUVWDႇPHPEHUV3URI K. 2017. Genetic parameters for tick counts across HA Snyman, JB van Wyk, and HM Linde, retired at the PRQWKV IRU GLႇHUHQW WLFN VSHFLHV DQG DQDWRPLFDO end of 2017. locations in South African Nguni cattle. Tropical Animal RESEARCH OUTPUTS Health and Production 49: 1201-1210. 0DWHEHVL3$&ORHWH69DQ:\N-%DQG2OLYLHU- 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV 2017. Genetic parameters for ewe reproduction with Bercovitch, FB, Berry, P, Dagg, A, Deacon, F, Doherty, REMHFWLYHO\PHDVXUHGZRROWUDLWVLQ(OVHQEXUJ0HULQR J, Lee, D, Mineur, F, Muller, Z, Ogden, R, Seymour, ÀRFNSouth African Journal of Animal Science   R, Shorrocks, B, and Tutchings, A. 2017. How many 712-722. VSHFLHVRIJLUDႇHDUHWKHUH" &255(6321'(1&(  Ochsner, K, Macneil, M, Lewis, R, and Spangler, Current Biology.  55 M. 2017. Economic selection index development Deacon, F, and Smit, GN. 2017. Spatial ecology and IRU %HHIPDVWHU FDWWOH ,, *HQHUDOSXUSRVH EUHHGLQJ KDELWDWXVHRIJLUDႇH *LUDႇDFDPHORSDUGDOLV LQ6RXWK REMHFWLYHJournal of Animal Science 95: 1913-1920. Africa. Basic and Applied Ecology. 21: 55-65. Ochsner, K, Macneil, M, Lewis, R, and Spangler, M. ,PED\DUZR&KLNRVL9'XFURFT9%DQJD&+DOLPDQL 2017. Economic selection index development for T, Van Wyk, JB, Maiwashe, A, and Dzama, K. 2017. %HHIPDVWHU FDWWOH , 7HUPLQDO EUHHGLQJ REMHFWLYH Estimation of genetic parameters for functional Journal of Animal Science 95: 1063-1070. longevity in the South African Holstein cattle using a 2VWKRႇ * +XJR $ 0DGHQGH 0 'HDFRQ ) DQG SLHFHZLVH:HLEXOOSURSRUWLRQDOKD]DUGVPRGHOJournal Nel, P. 2017. Milk composition of free-ranging red of Animal Breeding and Genetics   KDUWHEHHVW JLUDႇH 6RXWKHUQ UHHGEXFN DQG ZDUWKRJ -RXEHUW'5XVW$6PLW*1DQG+RႇPDQ0 and a phylogenetic comparison of the milk of African Growth rates and mortality patterns of Acacia mellifera Artiodactyla. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology VXEVS GHWLQHQV LQ WKH VHPLDULG +LJKODQG 6DYDQQD A-Molecular and Integrative Physiology 204: 93-103. 1DPLELD(QFURDFKPHQWLVQRWDVUDSLGDVSUHYLRXVO\ 5HWDOOLFN . %RUPDQQ - :HDEHU 5 0DFQHLO 0 EHOLHYHGNamibian Journal of Environment 1: 1-5. Bradford, H, Freetly, H, Hales, K, Moser, D, Snelling, Macneil, M, Alexander, L, Kantanen, J, Ammosov, I, W, Thallman, R, and Kuehn, L. 2017. Genetic variance ,YDQRYD = 3RSRY5 2]HURY 0 0LOOEURRNH$ DQG DQGFRYDULDQFHDQGEUHHGGLႇHUHQFHVIRUIHHGLQWDNH &URQLQ 0  3RWHQWLDO HPLJUDWLRQ RI 6LEHULDQ DQG DYHUDJH GDLO\ JDLQ WR LPSURYH IHHG HႈFLHQF\ LQ cattle germplasm on Chirikof Island, Alaska. Journal of growing cattle. Journal of Animal Science 95: 1444- Genetics   1450. 0DFQHLO0&DUGRVR)DQG+D\(*HQRW\SHE\ 6ZDQHSRHO3+DELJ-'X3UHH]&&6Q\PDQ+$ HQYLURQPHQWLQWHUDFWLRQHႇHFWVLQJHQHWLFHYDOXDWLRQRI DQG %RWKD 3  7LOODJH HႇHFWV VRLO TXDOLW\ DQG preweaning gain for Line 1 Hereford cattle from Miles production potential of kikuyu-ryegrass pastures in City, Montana. Journal of Animal Science 95: 3833- South Africa. Grass and Forage Science  -XQH 3838. 308-321. 0DFQHLO 00RNROREDWH 0&6FKROW]00-RUGDDQ :HEE(9LVDJLH39DQGHU:HVWKXL]HQ-6Q\PDQ F, and Neser, FWC. 2017. Alternative approaches to +$  ,QÀXHQFH RI ELRUHJLRQ DQG HQYLURQPHQWDO

22 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 factors on the growth, size and reproduction of performance of the Nguni cattle ecotypes in South Bonsmara cows. South African Journal of Animal Africa3URFWK6$6$63RUW(OL]DEHWK6RXWK$IULFD Science   6HSWHPEHU &KDSWHUVLQ%RRNV 0DJZDED 7 9DQ GHU :HVWKXL]HQ / *UREOHU -3 Bindeman, H, Du Plessis, C, Van Marle-Köster, E, and Greyling, JPC. 2017. Improving the reproductive Neser, FWC. 2017. Estimating the genetic variability of HႈFLHQF\RIVKHHSAchieving sustainable production the Letelle sheep breed with the use of microsatellite of sheep. 1st Ed *UH\OLQJ - HG  8. &DPEULGJH markers. 66th Ann. Meeting Europe Association Animal %XUOHLJK'RGGV6FLHQFH3XEOLVKLQJ 3URGXFWLRQ7DOOLQQ(VWRQLD$XJXVW6HSWHPEHU Conference Contributions Makgahlela, ML, Neser, FWC, and Maiwashe, A. 2017. Cloete, S, Van Wyk, JB, and Olivier, J. 2017. Genetic Determining the optimal grouping strategy for multi- responses in component and composite reproduction breed genomic evaluations. Proc. 50th SASAS, Port traits in merino ewes divergently selected for number (OL]DEHWK6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU of lambs weaned. Townsville, Queensland, 2-5 July. Mdyogolo, S, Scholtz, MM, Neser, FWC, and Cloete, S, Van Wyk, JB, and Olivier, J. 2017. The Makgahlela, ML. 2017. Testing the utility of imputation H௺HFW RI GLYHUJHQW VHOHFWLRQ IRU D FRPSRVLWH WUDLW RQ from low-density to high-density using Beagle, Impute genetic responses in components. Tallinn, Estonia, 27 and Fimpute: preliminary results. Proc. 50th SASAS, $XJXVW±6HSWHPEHU 3RUW(OL]DEHWK6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU De Wit, M, Fouche, HJ, De Waal, HO, Coetzer, GM, and 0RNROREDWH 0& 6FKROW] 00 DQG 1HVHU ):& Venter, SL. 2017. Promoting the potential of spineless 2017. Investigating novelty traits to improve cow- FDFWXVSHDU 2SXQWLD¿FXVLQGLFD DVDPXOWLXVHFURS FDOI H௻FLHQF\ LQ WKH 6RXWK $IULFDQ $IULNDQHU $QJXV at the Oppermansgronde community in the Free State and Charolais for climate smart production systems. Province of South Africa. International Congress on 3URFWK6$6$63RUW(OL]DEHWK6RXWK$IULFD &DFWXV3HDUDQG&RFKLQHDO&RTXLPER&KLOH 6HSWHPEHU March. Ngayo, M, Fair, MD, Neser, FWC, Scholtz, MM, and De Witt, F, Muchenje, V, Fair, M, and Hugo, A. 2017. Van Niekerk, M. 2017. )DFWRUV D௺HFWLQJ SURGXFWLYH 7KH H௺HFW RI GLHWDU\ ȦW\SH IDWW\ DFLGV RQ EURLOHU herd life in Nguni cows. Proc. 50th SASAS, Port SURGXFWLRQSHUIRUPDQFHDQGIDWW\DFLGSUR¿OHRIEUHDVWV (OL]DEHWK6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU and thigh meat. Congress of the South African Society Pyoos, GM, Scholtz, MM, King, Z, De Lange, L, and RI$QLPDO6FLHQFH3RUW(OL]DEHWK6RXWK$IULFD Neser, FWC. 2017. 7KHH௺HFWRIWHPSHUDWXUHRQWKH 6HSWHPEHU IHHG LQWDNH DQG JURZWK RI EHHI FDWWOH IURP GL௺HUHQW Deacon, F. 2017. The fast-speed kinematics of wild genotypes.3URFWK6$6$63RUW(OL]DEHWK6RXWK JLUD௺HVXVLQJYLGHRGHULYHGIURPDQXQPDQQHGDHULDO $IULFD6HSWHPEHU vehicle. New Orleans, USA, 5 January. Reusch, C, Janecke, BB. 2017. Activity patterns and diet 'XFURFT9&KDYLQVNDLD/6ZDPLQDWKDQ03DQGH$ of vervet monkeys at the Mogalakwena River Reserve. Van Niekerk M, and Neser, FWC. 2017. Development SA Wildlife Management Association Conference, of genomic selection in dairy cattle in two emerging :RUFHVWHU6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU countries: South Africa and India. 66th Ann. Meeting 6FKROW] 00 0RNROREDWH 0& 7KHXQLVVHQ $ European Association Animal Production, Tallinn, Seshoka, M, Pyoos, GM, and Neser, FWC. 2017. (VWRQLD$XJXVW±6HSWHPEHU Sustainable livestock production in the era of climate Hendriks, J, Scholtz, MM, and Neser, FWC. 2017. change through targeted intervention WK *OREDO Investigation into genetic parameters for feedlot traits Science Conference on Climate Smart Agriculture, of two cattle breeds in South Africa. Proc. 50th SASAS, -RKDQQHVEXUJ6RXWK$IULFD1RYHPEHU 3RUW(OL]DEHWK6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU Smit, GN, De Klerk, J, and Schneider, M. 2017. Platform Janecke, BB. 2017. (௺HFW RI WKH  GURXJKW RQ presentation: an assessment of woody biomass as a vegetation structure and animal presence on the sustainable energy source in a bush thickened area granite catena in Kruger National Park. 15th Annual of Northern Namibia. Grassland Society of Southern International Savanna Science Networking Meeting, Africa, Mpumalanga-Limpopo Border, South Africa, Skukuza, South Africa, 12-16 March. 23-28 July. Maciel, S, Fair, MD, Scholtz, MM, and Neser, FWC. 6PLW *1 DQG -DQVH 9DQ 5HQVEXUJ *  2017. (௺HFWVRIHQYLURQPHQWDOIDFWRUVRQUHSURGXFWLYH Understanding the problem of bush encroachment in

23 southern African savannas: lessons to be learnt from Junior Lecturers:*-DQVHYDQ5HQVEXUJ-%DUQDUG root studies WK .LPEHUOH\ %LRGLYHUVLW\ 5HVHDUFK and JW Paulse. 6\PSRVLXP.LPEHUOH\6RXWK$IULFD2FWREHU $ႈOLDWHG 3URIHVVRUV Profs M MacNeil, A Maiwashe, Strauss, A, De Waal, HO, and Avenant, NL. 2017. 7/ 1HGDPEDOH 9 'XFURFT 0 0DNJDKOHOD DQG 00 7KHLPSDFWRISUHGDWLRQRQPHULQRDQGGRUSHUÀRFNV Scholtz. in the central Free State, South Africa. Provincial $ႈOLDWHG5HVHDUFKHUL vd Westhuizen. 5HVHDUFK&ROORTXLXP%ORHPIRQWHLQ6RXWK$IULFD 2FWREHU Post-Doc: Dr Alfredo Lepori. Van der Westhuizen, L, Macneil, MD, Scholtz, MM, Technician: JAM van der Merwe. and Neser, FWC. 2017. 7KHLGHQWL¿FDWLRQRIDJHQHWLF &KLHI2ႈFHU:-&RPEULQFN component contributing to wet carcass syndrome in sheep – preliminary results. Proc. 50th SASAS, Port 6HQLRU2ႈFHUV HMF Linde. (OL]DEHWK6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU 6HQLRU$VVLVWDQW2ႈFHU Q Kruger. STAFF $VVLVWDQW2ႈFHUVNAK Green and CJ Williams. Professors: Profs FWC Neser, GN Smit, HA Snyman, Technical Assistants: Messrs NK Long and SA Rowles. and JB van Wyk. Messenger: MV Moses. Senior Lecturers: Drs MD Fair and F Deacon. Cleaner: NM Mokoallo. Lecturers: Drs AY Chulayo, BB Janecke, HA O’Neill, PJ Malan, FH de Witt, and Messrs OB Einkamerer, MB Raito, M van Niekerk, and GC Josling.

24 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 25 DEPARTMENT OF Plant Sciences %ORHPIRQWHLQDQG4ZDTZD&DPSXV

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV Prof L Herselman Department of Plant Sciences Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 2514 Fax: +27 51 444 5945 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za Dr Rudo Ngara Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Plant Sciences – Qwaqwa Campus University of the Free State 3ULYDWH%DJ;_3KXWKDGLWMKDED_6RXWK$IULFD 7HOHSKRQH +27 58 718 5332 Fax: +27 58 718 5444 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview

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ACHIEVEMENTS 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV Prof Botma Visser was promoted to Associate LQDFROODERUDWLYHSURMHFWZLWKWKH6ZHGLVK8QLYHUVLW\ Professor in Botany. of Agricultural Sciences; she was also elected to the VFLHQWL¿FFRPPLWWHHVRIWZRLQWHUQDWLRQDOFRQIHUHQFHV Dr Sandy-Lynn Steenhuisen received an Y1 rating WKH*OREDO6RUJKXP&RQIHUHQFHDQGWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO IURP WKH 1DWLRQDO 5HVHDUFK )RXQGDWLRQ 15)  IRU Gluten Workshop. 2017-2021. 3URI%RWPD9LVVHU &KDLUSHUVRQ 3URIV=DNNLH3UHWRULXV Dr Angie van Biljon was elected as President of Cereal DQG/LH]HO+HUVHOPDQ'U:LOOHP%RVKRႇDQG&RUQpO 6FLHQFH DQG 7HFKQRORJ\ 6RXWK $IULFD GXULQJ WKH EL Bender were elected as the local organising committee annual general meeting at the Southern African Grain for the International Cereal Rusts and Powdery /DERUDWRU\LQ3UHWRULDLQ$XJXVW7KHDLPRIWKLVVRFLHW\ 0LOGHZV&RQIHUHQFH ,&530& WREHKHOGLQ6NXNX]D LVWRDGYDQFHFHUHDOVFLHQFHDQGWHFKQRORJ\ERWKLQ South Africa, in 2018. Prof Visser also co-authored WKHSXEOLFVHFWRUDQGLQWKHLQGXVWU\LQ6RXWKHUQ$IULFD the article ‘Detection of Polymyxa graminis, a vector 3URI0DU\NH/DEXVFKDJQHZDVUHHOHFWHGDVWKH6RXWK RILPSRUWDQWVRLOERUQHYLUXVHVRIZKHDW¶ 1RYHPEHU African representative in the American Association 'HFHPEHUHGLWLRQRIKoringfokus/Wheat Focus ZKLFK for Cereal Chemists International. She was also ZDVQRPLQDWHGDVWKHEHVWYDOXHDGGLQJFRQWULEXWLRQ D NH\QRWH VSHDNHU DW WKH VW ,&& ,QWHUQDWLRQDO LQWKHLVVXH>FRDXWKRUV7DUHNHJQ7HUHIH $JULFXOWXUDO $VVRFLDWLRQIRU&HUHDO6FLHQFHDQG7HFKQRORJ\ $VLD 5HVHDUFK &RXQFLO6PDOO *UDLQ $5&6*  *RGG\ 3DFL¿F *UDLQV &RQIHUHQFH $3*&  FRRUJDQLVHG 3ULQVORR $5&6*  *HUKDUG 3LHWHUVHQ 8QLYHUVLW\ RI E\ WKH ,&& DQG &&2$ &KLQHVH &HUHDOV DQG 2LOV 3UHWRULD  5RQHO 5REHUWV DQG :LOKHOP %RWKD $5& $VVRFLDWLRQ  WKDW WRRN SODFH LQ ;LDPHQ &KLQD IURP 3ODQW+HDOWKDQG3URWHFWLRQ @ 21 to 24 May 2017, attracting over 500 participants. Prof Wijnand Swart was elected to the NuGrainSA 6SRQVRUHG E\ WKH 5R\DO 6RFLHW\ 3URI /DEXVFKDJQH Steering Committee during a meeting held at the attended the Commonwealth Science Conference at North-West University in Potchefstroom in August WKH 3ULPH 0LQLVWHU¶V RႈFH LQ 6LQJDSRUH RUJDQLVHG  7KH 1X*UDLQ6$ FRQVRUWLXP ZDV LQLWLDWHG E\ E\ WKH 5R\DO 6RFLHW\ DQG WKH 1DWLRQDO 5HVHDUFK the North-West Department of Agriculture and Rural )RXQGDWLRQ IURP  WR  -XQH  ,W EURXJKW Development and the North-West University in 2014,  VFLHQWLVWV LQ GLႇHUHQW FDUHHU VWDJHV IURP  WR DOOHYLDWH IRRG LQVHFXULW\ LQ 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD E\ GLႇHUHQW VWDWHV WRJHWKHU WR FHOHEUDWH H[FHOOHQFH LQ GHYHORSLQJ SVHXGRJUDLQV VXFK DV DPDUDQWK TXLQRD science across the Commonwealth. The international DQGEXFNZKHDW $JUL)R6H 3URJUDPPH $JULFXOWXUH IRU )RRG 6HFXULW\ LQ$IULFD  FRQWUDFWHG 3URI /DEXVFKDJQH IRU UHVHDUFK 'U /L]H -RXEHUW FRPSOHWHG D PRQWK SRVWGRFWRUDO

27 UHVHDUFKYLVLWWRWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI&DPEULGJH DSSURDFK¶ ,Q FORVH FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 'U 0DULQGD Visser from GrainSA, Lisa Rothmann initiated the 6DGLH *HOGHQKX\V DQG &RUQpO %HQGHU ERWK UHFHLYHG 6RXWK$IULFDQ6FOHURWLQLD5HVHDUFK1HWZRUN 6$651  WKH8QLYHUVLW\RIWKH)UHH6WDWH 8)6 PHULWDZDUGIRU It is aimed at generating a virtual centre of excellence outstanding research support 2017 during a function and expertise, highlighting the role South Africa can KHOG E\ WKH 9LFH5HFWRU RI 5HVHDUFK 3URI &RUOL play in the Sclerotinia research arena internationally, Witthuhn. and developing practical management strategies for Dr Rudo Ngara was an invited speaker at the Royal GLVHDVHV FDXVHG E\ Sclerotinia through a research 6RFLHW\15) 5HVHDUFK &DSDFLW\ 6WUHQJWKHQLQJ LQ consortium and network. Lisa Rothmann held the Africa: Learning from the Past, Building for the Future, LQDXJXUDOPHHWLQJRI6$651GXULQJ6HSWHPEHU HYHQWKHOGDWWKH15)3UHWRULD'HFHPEHU in Pretoria and was invited to present the South African 6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV perspective on Sclerotinia research at the 15th National Sclerotinia Initiative in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, Four of our postgraduate students attended the annual from 18 to 20 January 2017. In addition, Rothmann postgraduate symposium of the Department of Botany was elected as chairperson of the student chapter of DQG3ODQW%LRWHFKQRORJ\8QLYHUVLW\RI-RKDQQHVEXUJ WKH6RUJKXPLQWKHVW&HQWXU\*OREDO&RQIHUHQFHWR 7KHVWXGHQWVZHUH$QVRUL0DUp 3K' 0DUOHVH%HVWHU EHKHOGLQ&DSH7RZQGXULQJ$SULO 06F$JULF  &ODXVDQQH (VWHUKXL]HQ %6F+RQV  DQG 'LQq3UHWRULXV %6F+RQV 3URI%RWPD9LVVHUDQG'U Marlese Bester was selected as one of two South Andri van Aardt accompanied them to the two-day $IULFDQV IURP6RXWK$IULFDQDSSOLFDQWV WRDWWHQG event. During the symposium, each student competed WKHUGplants in KwaZulu- models to predict plant disease’. She was also an invited Natal. VSHDNHU DW WKH $QQXDO 6\PSRVLXP RI WKH 6RLOERUQH 'LVHDVHV ,QWHUHVW *URXS LQ 6WHOOHQERVFK GXULQJ Dr Lintle Mohase and her research team focus on plant- 6HSWHPEHUZLWKDSUHVHQWDWLRQWLWOHGµ6FOHURWLQLD GHIHQFH PHFKDQLVPV LQ ZKHDW GXULQJ LQVHFW DSKLG  sclerotiorum disease epidemiology: A South African LQIHVWDWLRQV 6KH FROODERUDWHV ZLWK HQWRPRORJLVWV

28 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 IURP WKH 8)6 3URI 6 YG 0 /RXZ  DQG WKH $5& 'U *HUKDUG 3RWJLHWHU¶V UHVHDUFK WRSLFV LQ WKH ¿HOG 6* LQ %HWKOHKHP 'U $ -DQNLHOVRKQ  +HU UHVHDUFK of eco-physiology focus on hydroponic cultivation FRQFHQWUDWHVRQDSKLGGLVWULEXWLRQLQZKHDWSURGXFLQJ of plants and plant health. Hydroponics is used regions of South Africa and Lesotho, the impact of WR LQYHVWLJDWH WKH ELRFDWDO\WLF SRWHQWLDO RI QDWXUDO DSKLG LQIHVWDWLRQV RQ \LHOG DQG TXDOLW\ PHFKDQLVPV FRPSRXQGVIURPGLႇHUHQWRUJDQLVPV7KHELRFDWDO\WLF RIKRVWUHVLVWDQFHDVZHOODVWKHHႇHFWRIFRPPHUFLDO SRWHQWLDO RI WKH VHFRQGDU\ PHWDEROLWHV IURP WKH plant activators on crop protection against the aphid V\PELRWLF VRLO IXQJXV Trichoderma LV FXUUHQWO\ EHLQJ Duiraphis noxia. evaluated on hydroponically-grown spinach plants under controlled nutrient stress conditions. Additionally, WKHUHKDELOLWDWLRQRIPLQHWDLOLQJVXVLQJVXQÀRZHUDVD SRWHQWLDO K\SHUDFFXPXODWRU LV DOVR EHLQJ HYDOXDWHG The pre-treatment of the ‘toxic’ tailings is imperative IRU VXFFHVVIXO UHKDELOLWDWLRQ &RQWURO RI VRLO S+ nutrient amendments, and changing the soil micro- environment using Trichoderma fungus treatments, DUH EHLQJ HYDOXDWHG &KORURSK\OOD ÀXRUHVFHQFH IRU photosynthetic capacity, chlorophyll concentration DQG 1RUPDOLVHG 'LႇHUHQFH 9HJHWDWLRQ ,QGH[ 1'9,  LPDJLQJDVEDVHSDUDPHWHUVRISODQWKHDOWKLVXVHGWR HYDOXDWHWKHDERYH Dr Lintle Mohase and her two students (Pitso Masupha and Masasa Ntsibane) took a trip to the highlands of Lesotho in November 2017. They interacted with the subsistence farmers and studied their unique wheat-cropping systems in the environment characterised by high altitude and relatively cool summers, associated with frequent episodes of snow.

Dr Marieta Cawood’s research focuses on extraction, LGHQWL¿FDWLRQ DQG XWLOLVDWLRQ RI SODQW VHFRQGDU\ PHWDEROLWHV LQ DJULFXOWXUDO DQG PHGLFLQDO ¿HOGV ,Q FROODERUDWLRQZLWKWKH$5&WKHFKHPLFDOFRPSRVLWLRQ DQG DOOHORSDWKLF LQÀXHQFH RI WKH XQGHUXWLOLVHG FURS Amaranthus cruentus LV EHLQJ LQYHVWLJDWHG XQGHU DELRWLFVWUHVVFRQGLWLRQV Dr Ngara and her PhD student, Tatenda Goche, undertook research visits to Dr Stephen Chivasa’s Eco-physiology excursion (2nd year students) held during the October break at the Amanzi Private Game Reserve ODERUDWRU\DW'XUKDP8QLYHUVLW\8QLWHG.LQJGRP 8.  in the Brandfort district, Free Sate. Students had the IRU¿YHZHHNVDQGWKUHHPRQWKVUHVSHFWLYHO\7KHVH opportunity to study plant adaptations and physiological YLVLWVZHUHIXQGHGE\'U1JDUD¶V5R\DO6RFLHW\1HZWRQ UHVSRQVHVWRHQYLURQPHQWDOVWUHVVXQGHU¿HOGFRQGLWLRQV Advanced Fellowship award for the period 2016-2019. 'U 1JDUD¶V UHVHDUFK 4ZDTZD  IRFXVHV RQ understanding the molecular responses of sorghum SODQWV\VWHPVWRDELRWLFVWUHVVHV,Q'U1JDUDDQG her research group continued with the characterisation of sorghum proteomes in response to drought, salinity, and high-temperature stresses. These projects are IXQGHGE\KHU15)&RPSHWLWLYH6XSSRUWIRU8QUDWHG 5HVHDUFKHUV   DQG WKH 5R\DO 6RFLHW\  UHVHDUFKJUDQWV %RWDQ\3K\WRPHGLFLQHDQGHWKQRERWDQ\ 'U .RPRUHQJ 4ZDTZD  LV FRQWLQXLQJ ZLWK KHU research work on traditional medicinal plants used in Tatenda Goche, a PhD student of Dr Ngara undertook a 3-month research visit to Durham University (United WKHWUHDWPHQWRIWXEHUFXORVLVHOHSKDQWLDVLV DQGHDU Kingdom) in August-October 2017. QRVHDQGWKURDW (17 LQIHFWLRQVLQ6RXWK$IULFD+HU

29 research also focuses on indigenous medicinal plants EHHQFROOHFWHGDQGLVEHLQJSURFHVVHG7KLVLQFOXGHV that are used in the Eastern Free State for the treatment PDWHULDO IURP )ORULVEDG DQG WKH :RQGHUZHUN &DYH of various ailments. Dr Komoreng’s research group 7KHLQYHVWLJDWLRQRIWKHOHDIHSLGHUPLVDVDSRVVLEOH VFUHHQVPHGLFLQDOSODQWVIRULQYLWURDQWLPLFURELDODQWL indicator for palaeo-environments at the Pretoria Salt LQÀDPPDWRU\DQWLR[LGDQWDQWKHOPLQWLFDQGDQWL¿ODULDO 3DQ 7VZDLQJ&UDWHU LVLQSURJUHVV and cytotoxic properties. The active compounds are Dr Steenhuisen’s research on the genetic diversity isolated from plants showing good pharmacological RI 3URWHD VSHFLHV WKDW HPSOR\ GLႇHUHQW SROOLQDWRUV LV activities without any toxic properties. The project RQJRLQJ LQ FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 3URI -HUHP\ 0LGJOH\ LV IXQGHG E\ WKH7KXWKXND 15) 5DWLQJ7UDFN  8QLYHUVLW\ RI &DSH 7RZQ 8&7  0HJDQ 6PLWK   PDVWHU¶V VWXGHQW 8&7  DQG 'U 5DFKHO 3UXQLHU 'U $VKDID¶V 4ZDTZD  UHVHDUFK FHQWUHV DURXQG :HVWHUQ&RQQHFWLFXW6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\:&6886$  phytomedicine and phytopharmacology. It involves the ,Q 'HFHPEHU  'U 6WHHQKXLVHQ LQ FROODERUDWLRQ GHWHUPLQDWLRQRIHႈFDF\DQGSKDUPDFRORJLFDODFWLYLWLHV with Dr Timotheus van der Niet and Ruth Cozien RIPHGLFLQDOSODQWVIRUDQXPEHURIGLVHDVHFRQGLWLRQV 8QLYHUVLW\ RI .ZD=XOX1DWDO 8.=1  GLVFRYHUHG VXFK DV GLDEHWHV PHOOLWXV FDQFHU FDUGLRYDVFXODU WKH¿UVWUHFRUGRIDOL]DUGSROOLQDWLRQV\VWHPLQ$IULFD GLVHDVHV OLYHU GLVHDVHV XOFHUV LQÀDPPDWLRQ IRU D XQLTXH $IURPRQWDQH SODQW VSHFLHV RFFXUULQJ infectious and non-infectious diseases, as well as LQ WKH 'UDNHQVEHUJ 0RXQWDLQV 5HVHDUFK RQ SODQW LVRODWLQJ WKH ELRDFWLYH FRPSRXQGV UHVSRQVLEOH IRU associations in Afromontane grasslands is ongoing these pharmacological activities. Recently, he has ZLWKPDVWHU¶VVWXGHQW0RUDOHERQD*XOOLW0DSKDWODODWVH expanded his research into parasitology, environmental 8)64ZDTZD DQGFRVXSHUYLVRUV'U(UZLQ6LHEHQ PLFURELRORJ\DQGELRLQIRUPDWLFV 8.=1 DQG3URI7LPRWK\*2¶&RQQRU 6RXWK$IULFDQ (QYLURQPHQWDO2EVHUYDWLRQ1HWZRUN6$(21  %RWDQ\3ODQWWD[RQRP\DQGPROHFXODUV\VWHPDWLFV 'U6WHHQKXLVHQDWWHQGHGWKH;,;,QWHUQDWLRQDO%RWDQLFDO The molecular systematics research group is headed &RQJUHVV ,%& LQ6KHQ]KHQ&KLQDIURPWR E\'U0DULsWWH-DFNVRQ+HUUHVHDUFKIRFXVHVRQWKH 29 July 2017 and delivered an oral presentation on her SK\ORJHQHWLFUHODWLRQVKLSVEHWZHHQFHUWDLQJURXSVRU ongoing research into the pollination systems of Protea genera, mostly within the family Asteraceae. A new species, with a focus on mammal pollination systems, ¿HOG RI UHVHDUFK WKDW XVHV IRVVLO SROOHQ IURP 3URI as part of a symposium on mammal pollination. /RXLV 6FRWW¶V FROOHFWLRQ 3ODQW 6FLHQFHV 8)6  LQ SK\ORJHQHWLFVWXGLHVLVEHLQJLQYHVWLJDWHG$PDVWHU¶V VWXGHQWLVRSWLPLVLQJPROHFXODUWHFKQLTXHVWRDFTXLUH '1$VHTXHQFHVIURPIRVVLOSROOHQ 'U /L]H -RXEHUW¶V UHVHDUFK IRFXVHV RQ FRPELQLQJ WD[RQRPLF DSSURDFKHV ZLWK SROOLQDWLRQ ELRORJ\ DQG ÀRZHU HYROXWLRQ DQG GHYHORSPHQW UHVHDUFK WR investigate various aspects of the diversity of South $IULFDQÀRZHULQJSODQWV+HUUHVHDUFKLQFOXGHVWRSLFV VXFKDVÀRUDODGDSWDWLRQWRSROOLQDWRUVKLIWVDVDUHVXOW RIFOLPDWHFKDQJHDQGRSWLPLVDWLRQRIÀRUDOFKDUDFWHUV LQFURSVIRUKLJKHUSROOLQDWLRQHႈFLHQF\DQGLPSURYHG \LHOG 'U -RXEHUW DOVR FROODERUDWHV ZLWK 'U$QGUL YDQ Aardt in developing species circumscriptions to link lineages of extant species to microfossils used in Dr Steenhuisen with other invited speakers for the palaeo-vegetation reconstruction. V\PSRVLXPRQ³3ROOLQDWLRQE\QRQÀ\LQJPDPPDOV´DW the XIX International Botanical Congress (IBC 2017) in %RWDQ\3DODHRERWDQ\DQGHFRORJ\ Shenzhen, China, 23-29 July 2017. Dr Andri van Aardt and Prof Louis Scott are currently Under the supervision of their lecturer, Dr Steenhuisen, investigating the long-term changing patterns in the Vegetation Ecology third-year class spent two YHJHWDWLRQ E\ VWXG\LQJ ERWK IRVVLO DQG SUHVHQW nights at the Weenen Game Reserve, as well as a day day plant material. Reconstruction of the climate each at Sentinel Peak, Cathedral Peak, and Monontsha and vegetation of the Quaternary in the central and :HWODQG OHDUQLQJ DERXW YHJHWDWLRQ VDPSOLQJ western parts of the Free State and Northern Cape is WHFKQLTXHVSODQWDGDSWDWLRQVDQGVSHFLHVGLYHUVLW\LQ an ongoing research project, where new material has 6RXWK$IULFDQJUDVVODQGIRUHVWDQG6DYDQQDELRPHV

30 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 a poster during the 13th International Wheat Genetics Symposium held in Tulln, Austria during April 2017. 2QHRIKHUVWXGHQWVIURP8JDQGDLGHQWL¿HGDSRVVLEOH new stem-rust resistance gene in South African winter wheat, while another student from Ethiopia is studying the genetics of stem-rust resistance in spring-wheat germplasm from Ethiopia. A postdoctoral fellow, Dr $QVRUL0DUpLVDSSO\LQJFRQYHQWLRQDOEUHHGLQJVSHHG EUHHGLQJ GRXEOHG KDSORLGV DQG PDUNHUDVVLVWHG EUHHGLQJ WR LQFRUSRUDWH WKUHH VWULSHUXVW UHVLVWDQFH JHQHVLQWRGRXEOHGKDSORLGOLQHVWKDWDOUHDG\FRQWDLQ Third year vegetation ecology students performing vegetation surveys on a slope below Sentinel Peak. eight rust and FHB-resistance genes. The wheat- UHVLVWDQFHEUHHGLQJSURJUDPPHWKXVDSSOLHVPDUNHU DVVLVWHG EDFNFURVVLQJ IXQJDO JHQHH[SUHVVLRQ analyses, phenotypic evaluations in the greenhouse DQG ¿HOG SURGXFWLRQ RI GRXEOHG KDSORLG SODQWV DQG ELRFKHPLFDOVFUHHQLQJWRGHYHORSSUHEUHHGLQJOLQHV 1HZSURPLVLQJOLQHVDUHFRQWLQXRXVO\EHLQJGHYHORSHG DQGLGHQWL¿HGIRUXVHLQRWKHUEUHHGLQJSURJUDPPHV

Third year vegetation ecology students and their lecturer, Dr Steenhuisen, enjoying a hike up to the base of Sentinel Peak (panorama of the Amphitheatre in the background).

Dr Steenhuisen and Dr Nacelle Collins from the Free State Department of Economic, Small Business 'HYHORSPHQW 7RXULVP DQG (QYLURQPHQWDO $ႇDLUV FRQGXFWHG D ¿HOG WULS ZLWK 5HVWRUDWLRQ (FRORJ\ +RQRXUVVWXGHQWVWRWHDFKWKHPDERXWWKHUHVWRUDWLRQ ZRUNFRQGXFWHGLQ0RQRQWVKD4ZDTZD Prof Liezel Herselman, Nthabiseng Mashamba (MSc student in Plant Breeding), Prof Maryke Labuschagne, Dr 5HQpH3ULQV 5HVHDUFK$VVRFLDWH 'U:LOOHP%RVKR௺DQG Barend Wentzel (PhD student in Plant Breeding) attended the 13th International Wheat Genetics Symposium in Tulln, Austria. More than 520 participants from 45 countries attended the symposium. The Department of Plant Sciences presented six posters.

Dr Adré Minnaar-Ontong’s research on the genetic variation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum populations from GLႇHUHQWKRVWVLQ6RXWK$IULFDFRQFOXGHVDWWKHHQGRI 7KLVSURMHFWLVIXQGHGE\WKH1DWLRQDO5HVHDUFK )RXQGDWLRQ¶V 15)  7KXWKXND IXQG 2XWFRPHV RI Dr Nacelle Collins explaining the importance of wetlands WKH SURMHFW WKXV IDU KDYH FRQWULEXWHG WRZDUGV D QHZ and restoration work in Monontsha to Restoration ecology research project which includes the development of Honours students and Dr Steenhuisen. D EUHHGLQJ SURJUDPPH IRU UHVLVWDQFH WR Sclerotinia 3ODQW%UHHGLQJ0ROHFXODUSODQWEUHHGLQJ diseases in economically important oil crops and other Prof Liezel Herselman’s research continued to make KRVWV6RXWK$IULFDQVXQÀRZHUDQGVR\EHDQFXOWLYDUV SURJUHVV WRZDUGV WKH LQWURJUHVVLRQ RI GLႇHUHQW UXVW ZLOOEHHYDOXDWHGIRUUHVLVWDQFHWRSclerotinia diseases to UHVLVWDQFH VWHP VWULSH DQG OHDI UXVW  DV ZHOO DV promote the improvement of disease-control strategies. )XVDULXPKHDGEOLJKW )+% UHVLVWDQFHJHQHVLQWR6RXWK Her research also includes the genetic analysis of African wheat cultivars. She presented this research as VR\EHDQ UHVLVWDQFH WR Fusarium virguliforme. This

31 SURMHFWDLPVWRHYDOXDWHFRPPHUFLDOVR\EHDQFXOWLYDUV 3ODQW%UHHGLQJ:KHDWTXDOLW\DQGFURSQXWULWLRQDO for resistance and to improve management strategies YDOXHUHVHDUFK IRU GLVHDVH FRQWURO 'U 0LQQDDU2QWRQJ FROODERUDWHV 7KHWHDPRI3URI0DU\NH/DEXVFKDJQH 6RXWK$IULFDQ ZLWK 'U 5RX[OpQH YDQ GHU 0HUZH RQ EUHHGLQJ IRU 5HVHDUFK &KDLUV ,QLWLDWLYH 6$5&K,  &KDLU 'LVHDVH UHVLVWDQFH WR SRG GHKLVFHQFH LQ D YHJHWDEOHW\SH UHVLVWDQFH DQG TXDOLW\ RI ¿HOG FURSV  'U $QJLH YDQ VR\EHDQ LQFROODERUDWLRQZLWKWKH1RUWKHDVW,QVWLWXWH Biljon, and a postdoctoral fellow, Dr Brigitta Töth, of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of PDGH VLJQL¿FDQW SURJUHVV LQ  E\ DQDO\VLQJ 6FLHQFHV  ZKHDWSURWHLQVORRNLQJVSHFL¿FDOO\DWWKHHႇHFWRIORZ 3ODQW%UHHGLQJ&RQYHQWLRQDOEUHHGLQJ QLWURJHQORZSKRVSKRURXVDQGDFRPELQDWLRQRIWKH two on protein through size exclusion and reverse- Dr Rouxléne van der Merwe continued her research on SKDVHKLJKSHUIRUPDQFHOLTXLGFKURPDWRJUDSK\7KH\ WKHQHZO\LQLWLDWHGEUHHGLQJSURJUDPPHRIHGDPDPH DOVR DQDO\VHG PDL]H SURWHLQV XQGHU DELRWLF VWUHVV VR\EHDQV IRU KXPDQ FRQVXPSWLRQ  LQ FROODERUDWLRQ conditions such as low nitrogen content and drought. with Dr M Smit of the Edamame Development A study on the proteomics of maize grain proteins 3URJUDPPH ('3  LQ 'XUEDQ DQG WKH 1RUWKHDVW XQGHU VWUHVV FRQGLWLRQV ZDV GRQH LQ FROODERUDWLRQ Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese with the Stockholm University in Sweden. The genetic $FDGHP\ RI 6FLHQFHV +HU SURMHFW LQYROYHV VWDELOLW\ enhancement of iron and especially zinc in maize DQDO\VLV RI HGDPDPH Glycine max L.) introductions remains an important research focus; the research is under South African production conditions, selection GRQHLQFROODERUDWLRQZLWKWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO0DL]HDQG for drought-stress tolerance, improved yield and yield :KHDW ,PSURYHPHQW &HQWUH &,00<7  LQ =LPEDEZH VWDELOLW\DQGEUHHGLQJIRUUHVLVWDQFHWRSRGGHKLVFHQFH and the ARC in South Africa. The research on the LQDYHJHWDEOHW\SHVR\EHDQ+HUSURMHFWVDUHIXQGHG increase of provitamin A in staple crops such as maize, E\WKH15)7KXWKXNDIXQGWKH'XUEDQ&LW\&RXQFLO FDVVDYDDQGSODQWDLQFRQWLQXHGLQFROODERUDWLRQZLWK and the KwaZulu-Natal Government. Dr Van der +DUYHVW3OXV LQWHUQDWLRQDO DQG ¿HOGZRUN ZDV FDUULHG Merwe visited the Northeast Institute of Geography RXWLQ*KDQD=LPEDEZHDQG1LJHULD DQG$JURHFRORJ\LQ+DUELQ&KLQDGXULQJ-XO\'XULQJ WKLVYLVLWVKHREWDLQHGODERUDWRU\WUDLQLQJDVSDUWRID 'U1WMDSD/HEDNDZRUNVRQWKHQXWULWLRQDOLPSURYHPHQW FROODERUDWLYHSURMHFWRQHGDPDPHEUHHGLQJIRU6RXWK of indigenous grain legume crops, currently focusing on African conditions. %DPEDUDJURXQGQXWVDQGFRZSHD7KHVWXG\IRFXVHV RQWKHHYDOXDWLRQRI%DPEDUDJURXQGQXWVDQGFRZSHDV for adaptation in selected South African environments, DV ZHOO DV HYDOXDWLRQ RI QXWULWLRQDO TXDOLW\ SURWHLQ OLSLGVLURQDQG]LQFFRQWHQW  3ODQW3DWKRORJ\&HUHDOUXVWGLVHDVHV ,Q FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK &KLQHVH VFLHQWLVWV UHVHDUFK LQ transferring rust resistance from a related grass species WRZKHDWZDVH[SDQGHGE\3URI=DNNLH3UHWRULXVDQG 'U:LOOHP%RVKRႇ7KH\KDGDJRRG¿HOGVHDVRQDQG research consisted of the screening of commercial South African wheat cultivars and lines for rust resistance; data from these trials are annually included in the national wheat production guidelines of ARC-SG. Fieldwork was extended to include the evaluation of rye and oats cultivars for their rust reaction. Research was initiated to optimise the expression of stripe-rust adult plant resistance sources under greenhouse conditions. Good progress was made with projects RQVWXG\LQJSDWKRJHQLFYDULDELOLW\LQUXVWSDWKRJHQVRI Dr Rouxléne van der Merwe visited the Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology in Harbin, China. During EDUOH\RDWVDQGU\H this visit she obtained training in the laboratory as part of a collaborative project on edamame (vegetable-type soybean) breeding for South Africa. The photo features Professors 4LX\LQJ=KDQJ7RQJTL6XQDQG+RQJMLD/LXGXULQJD¿HOG trial visit in Suihua city.

32 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Foundation in Sweden, the ARC of South Africa, and the Strategic Research Fund of the UFS. 3ODQW3DWKRORJ\0\FRORJ\ Dr Gert Marais leads the mycology group that focuses RQWKHELRGLYHUVLW\RIIXQJLDQGWKHLUUROHLQSODQWKHDOWK DV ZHOO DV WKHLU HFRQRPLF LPSRUWDQFH $ ¿YH\HDU FRQWUDFW ZDV VLJQHG LQ  EHWZHHQ WKH 8)6 DQG the South African Pecan Nut Producers Association 6$33$  WR VWXG\ SHFDQ GLVHDVHV DQG WKHLU LPSDFW in South Africa. The Pecan Health Research Group ZDV HVWDEOLVKHG DW WKH 8)6 FRQVLVWLQJ RI VHYHQ 'U:LOOHP%RVKR௺YLVLWHGUHVHDUFKHUVDWWKH&KLQHVH postgraduate projects that include plant pathologists $FDGHP\RI6FLHQFHVGXULQJWKH¿UVWZHHNRI$SULO to discuss progress and future collaboration on wheat- and physiologists. Research is conducted in the six stem rust research. Discussions were also held with Prof major pecan-producing areas in South Africa. Funding Xueyong Zhang at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural 6FLHQFHV'U%RVKR௺WRXUHGWKHORQJWHUPJHQHEDQN ZDV DOVR REWDLQHG IURP WKH 7HFKQRORJ\ ,QQRYDWLRQ facility at the academy – currently with 420 000 $JHQF\ 7,$  IRU WKH ODXQFK RI WKLV JURXS DQG DLG LQ accessions. WKH¿UVW\HDURIUHVHDUFK$GGLWLRQDO7,$IXQGLQJZDV REWDLQHG WR HVWDEOLVK D SURGXFWLRQ IDFLOLW\ IRU WKH production of a plant growth-promoting stimulant that HQKDQFHVURRWGHYHORSPHQWÀRZHULQJDQGIUXLWLQJLQ citrus and other plants.

Prof Zakkie Pretorius was invited to the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Beijing. He is involved in a joint project with CAS to utilise disease-resistant genes transferred from the grass Thinopyrum ponticum to bread wheat. He also visited the wheat research group at the Chinese Academy RI$JULFXOWXUDO6FLHQFHVLQ%HLMLQJDVZHOODV¿HOGSORWVLQ Zhangjiakou, Hebei province. Pecan Health Research Group taking samples of diseased pecan trees in Modimolle. 3ODQW3DWKRORJ\6RLOPLFURELDOHFRORJ\ 7KH VRLO DQG PLFURELDO HFRORJ\ JURXS OHG E\ 3URI 3ODQW3DWKRORJ\(SLGHPLRORJ\ Wijnand Swart, focuses on monitoring the rhizosphere 7KH¿HOGFURSVHSLGHPLRORJ\SURJUDPPHLVOHGE\3URI PLFURELRPHDVDELRLQGLFDWRURISODQWKHDOWK6WXGHQWV 1HDO 0F/DUHQ &ROODERUDWLYH SURJUDPPHV ZLWK WKH study various annual and perennial crops, although Norman Borlaug Institute for International Agriculture research focuses on underutilised crops such as and Texas A and M AgriLife Research that focus on %DPEDUD JURXQGQXW FRZSHD DQG YDULRXV SVHXGR the root health of sorghum, optimum utilisation of JUDLQVVXFKDVTXLQRDDQGDPDUDQWK7KHJHQHWLFDQG resources in rotation systems, and the adaptation IXQFWLRQDO GLYHUVLW\ RI WKH UKL]RVSKHUH PLFURELRPH RI of sorghum germplasm to local environmental and diseased plants are compared with that of healthy production conditions and disease resistance, was SODQWV XVLQJ YDULRXV DGYDQFHG ELRFKHPLFDO DQG ¿QDOLVHG GXULQJ D YLVLW LQ -DQXDU\  WR 7H[DV PROHFXODUWRROVDWWKHLUGLVSRVDO.H\ELRWLFDQGDELRWLF $JUL/LIHLQ&RUSXV&KULVWL 'U-DPLH)RVWHU±3ULQFLSDO IDFWRUVLQWKHSODQW¶VHQYLURQPHQWWKDWLQÀXHQFHSODQW ,QYHVWLJDWRU 3,  URWDWLRQ V\VWHPV  DQG /XEERFN 'U KHDOWK DUH LGHQWL¿HG DQG PDQLSXODWHG LQ RUGHU WR * 3HWHUVRQ ± 3, VRUJKXP EUHHGLQJ  2QH 06F DQG directly or indirectly prevent disease or promote crop WZR 3K' VWXGLHV DUH LQ WKHLU ¿QDO VWDJHV XVLQJ GDWD KHDOWK 5HVHDUFK LV SULPDULO\ IXQGHG E\ WKH (NKDJD VRXUFHGIURPWKLVFROODERUDWLRQ

33 The legume rotation programme initiated during the &HQWUH  LQ =LPEDEZH DQG .HQ\D RQ QXWULWLRQDO YDOXH 7H[DV$ DQG 0$JUL/LIH FROODERUDWLRQ ZDV H[WHQGHG of maize, as well as with Michigan State University to include a greater diversity of environmental and and the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences HGDSKLF YDULDEOHV 7KLV ZDV IXQGHG E\ WKH $5& RQ ZKHDW DQG PDL]H TXDOLW\ 6KH DQG 'U$QJLH YDQ &ROODERUDWLYH &RQVRUWLXP %URDGHQLQJ WKH )RRG %LOMRQDUHDOVRLQYROYHGLQDFROODERUDWLYHSURMHFWZLWK %DVH 3URJUDPPH LQ FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 'U 0DU\NH HarvestPlus and the International Institute of Tropical &UDYHQ DW WKH$5&*UDLQ &URSV ,QVWLWXWH $5&*&,  Agriculture in Nigeria on provitamin A in plantain. LQ3RWFKHIVWURRP7KLVUHVHDUFKIRUPVWKHEDVLVRIDQ 3URI /LH]HO +HUVHOPDQ FROODERUDWHV ZLWK UHVHDUFKHUV 06F VWXG\ WR EH ¿QDOLVHG LQ  DQG LV DVVRFLDWHG from the Pannar Seed Company, CenGen, and the with the ARC-Professional Development Programme. ARC-SG. Research support from the Sorghum Trust continued 'U $GUH 0LQQDDU2QWRQJ FROODERUDWHV ZLWK 'U GXULQJ5HVHDUFKIRFXVHGRQJUDLQFRORQLVDWLRQE\ 5RX[OpQH YDQ GHU 0HUZH RQ EUHHGLQJ IRU UHVLVWDQFH grain-mould pathogens and mycotoxigenic Fusarium WR SRG GHKLVFHQFH LQ D YHJHWDEOHW\SH VR\EHDQ LQ VSS ULVNSUHGLFWLRQ PRGHOOLQJ DQG WKH LGHQWL¿FDWLRQ FROODERUDWLRQZLWKWKH1RUWKHDVW,QVWLWXWHRI*HRJUDSK\ DQG TXDQWL¿FDWLRQ RI LQWHUYHQWLRQ WHFKQRORJLHV $ DQG$JURHFRORJ\&KLQHVH$FDGHP\RI6FLHQFHV  parallel study includes prediction modelling and intervention technology optimisation for sorghum 'U 5RX[OHQH YDQ GHU 0HUZH FRQWLQXHG FROODERUDWLRQ OHDI EOLJKW D JURZLQJ ORFDO SURGXFWLRQ FRQVWUDLQW $ ZLWKWKH('38)6FROODERUDWLRQZLWKWKH('3LQFOXGHV prediction-modelling study aimed at risk analysis of JHUPSODVPPDLQWHQDQFHRILQWURGXFHGYDULHWLHVEDVH SclerotiniaVWHPDQGKHDGURWRIVR\EHDQDQGVXQÀRZHU seed multiplication, research and training of students, ZDVIXQGHGE\WKH6DVRO7UXVW7KH6DVRO7UXVWDOVR SUHEUHHGLQJDQGQHZFXOWLYDUGHYHORSPHQWIRU6RXWK funded a study into the optimisation of inoculation African growing conditions. DQG ¿HOG VFUHHQLQJ WHFKQLTXHV IRU Sclerotina stem 'U/LQWOH0RKDVHFRQWLQXHGKHUFROODERUDWLYHUHVHDUFK URW RI VR\EHDQ DQG KHDG URW RI VXQÀRZHU DQG WKH ZLWKHQWRPRORJLVWVIURPWKH8)6 3URI6YG0/RXZ  TXDQWL¿FDWLRQRIJHQRW\SH[HQYLURQPHQWLQWHUDFWLRQV DQG WKH$5&6*, LQ %HWKOHKHP 'U -DQNLHOVRKQ  RQ EDVHGRQPXOWLHQYLURQPHQWUHVSRQVHV$6DVRO7UXVW WKHGLVWULEXWLRQRIWKH5XVVLDQZKHDWDSKLG Diuraphis EXUVDU\DOVRVXSSRUWHGDQ06FVWXGHQWUHODWHGWRWKH noxia DQGWKHLPSDFWRIFRPPHUFLDOSODQWDFWLYDWRUV study. on wheat performance during aphid infestations. &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH 'U/L]H-RXEHUWFROODERUDWHVZLWK3URI6WHYH-RKQVRQ 'U/L]H-RXEHUWYROXQWHHUHGDWWKH&DPEULGJH)HVWLYDO IURP WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI .ZD=XOX1DWDO 8.=1  RQ RI3ODQWV&DPEULGJH8QLYHUVLW\6FLHQFHV)HVWLYDODQG SROOLQDWLRQELRORJ\UHVHDUFKLQWKHIDPLO\$SRF\QDFHDH YDULRXV HYHQWV DW WKH &DPEULGJH 8QLYHUVLW\ %RWDQLF Dr Pieter Bester from the South African National Garden during 2017. All these events are aimed at %LRGLYHUVLW\ ,QVWLWXWH 6$1%,  RQ V\VWHPDWLFV DQG HQJDJLQJWKHSXEOLFLQVFLHQFHDQGJLYLQJDOOPHPEHUV evolutionary research of Nemesia, a genus endemic RI WKH SXEOLF FKLOGUHQ WR SHQVLRQHUV  DQ RSSRUWXQLW\ WR6RXWKHUQ$IULFDDQGRIVLJQL¿FDQWKRUWLFXOWXUDODQG to interact with scientists and rare or interesting conservational importance; and Prof Beverley Glover specimens. IURP WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI &DPEULGJH RQ ÀRUDO HYROXWLRQ Dr Andri van Aardt gave two talks at the Botanical and development research. 6RFLHW\ RI 6RXWK $IULFD¶V )UHH 6WDWH EUDQFK RQH LQ 'U$GULYDQ$DUGWFROODERUDWHVZLWK'U)UDQN1HXPDQQ 0DUFKWLWOHGµ.QRZ\RXUVKUXEV¶DQGWKHRWKHULQ$XJXVW from the UKZN and the University of Bremen on an WLWOHGµ:KDWFDQSODQWIRVVLOVWHOOXVDERXWFOLPDWH¶ international project on ocean cores from the Indian Dr Mariette Jackson presented a talk at the Botanical 2FHDQ 5HJLRQDO$UFKLYHVIRU,QWHJUDWHG,QYHVWLJDWLRQV 6RFLHW\ RI 6RXWK$IULFD¶V )UHH 6WDWH EUDQFK ZLWK WKH 5$L1 DQGZLWKD3K'VWXGHQW-XDQ2FKDQGR7RPDV WLWOHµ&ODVVL¿FDWLRQRISODQWVXVLQJ'1$DVDWRRO¶ from the Faculty of Biology at the University of Murcia, Spain. Prof Liezel Herselman acts as an evaluator for new SURMHFWV VXEPLWWHG WR WKH :LQWHU &HUHDO 7UXVW IRU 3URI :LMQDQG 6ZDUW FROODERUDWHG FORVHO\ ZLWK funding. UHVHDUFKHUVIURPWKH$5&9HJHWDEOHDQG2UQDPHQWDO 3ODQWV,QVWLWXWHDQGWKH'XUEDQ8QLYHUVLW\RI7HFKQRORJ\ 1DWLRQDODQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ROODERUDWLRQ '87 RQWKHFXOWLYDWLRQRIXQGHUXWLOLVHGFURSVZLWKLQ 3URI 0DU\NH /DEXVFKDJQH RႈFLDOO\ FROODERUDWHG ZLWK WKH FRQWH[W RI D &ROODERUDWLYH &RQVRUWLXP ZLWK 3URI &,00<7 ,QWHUQDWLRQDO0DL]HDQG:KHDW,PSURYHPHQW Swart as the PI. All participating researchers in the

34 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 consortium met at the UFS for two days in March to Prof Neal McLaren and his postgraduate students present and discuss their research results. Prof Swart FROODERUDWHG ZLWK 7H[DV $ DQG 0 $JUL/LIH 5HVHDUFK DOVR FROODERUDWHG ZLWK 3URI 3HGUR &URXV 'LUHFWRU RI on two projects, namely the Cowpea Focus Group: the Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute in the Improved Cowpea Varieties, and Pulse Legume- 1HWKHUODQGVRQIXQJDOV\VWHPDWLFVDQGEDUFRGLQJ EDVHG&URSSLQJ6\VWHPVWR5HGXFH%LRWLFDQG$ELRWLF 6WUHVVLQ6XE6DKDUDQ$IULFDDQGWKH6RUJKXP)RFXV Group: Sorghum Production and End-Use Product Development for Increased Food Security. Prof McLaren and Lisa Rothmann visited the PIs in January 7KHVHFROODERUDWLRQVDOVRIRUPWKHEDVLVRI/LVD Rothmann and Danelle van Heerden’s PhD studies, ZLWKFRQWULEXWLRQVWRWKH3K'VWXGLHVRI0LFKDHO&KXQJ DQG$QHWWH$OOHPDQQLQ3URI:LMQDQG6ZDUW¶VODE 'U:LOOHP%RVKRႇDQG3URI=DNNLH3UHWRULXVFRQGXFWHG UHVHDUFKSURMHFWVLQFROODERUDWLRQZLWK&HQ*HQ$5& SG, Sensako, the Pannar Seed Company, the Central Participating researchers from the University of the Free 8QLYHUVLW\RI7HFKQRORJ\DQG6WHOOHQERVFK8QLYHUVLW\ State, the Durban University of Technology, and the 7KH\DOVRFRQGXFWHGUHVHDUFKSURMHFWVLQFROODERUDWLRQ Agricultural Research Council at the seminar of the ARC- DUT-UFS Collaborative Consortium for Broadening the ZLWKWKH&KLQHVH$FDGHP\RI6FLHQFHV %HLMLQJ WKH Food Base. 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 0LQQHVRWD 80  DQG WKH $JULFXOWXUDO Research Service of the United States Department of Prof Wijnand Swart’s research project on ecosystem $JULFXOWXUH $5686'$ DQGWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI6\GQH\ VHUYLFHVLQRUJDQLFIUXLWRUFKDUGVIXQGHGE\WKH(NKDJD $XVWUDOLD  )RXQGDWLRQLQ6ZHGHQDQGLQFROODERUDWLRQZLWK3URI Klaus Birkhofer from Lund University in Sweden, Dr 'U *HUW 0DUDLV FROODERUDWHV ZLWK 6$33$ DQG WKH 5HJLQD /LQGERUJ IURP 6WRFNKROP 8QLYHUVLW\ DQG Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute researchers from the Department of Conservation )$%,  3URIV%HUQDUG6OLSSHUVDQG:LOKHOPGH%HHU  (FRORJ\ DQG (QWRPRORJ\ DW 6WHOOHQERVFK 8QLYHUVLW\ to study diseases in the pecan industry in South Africa. FXOPLQDWHG LQ D ZRUNVKRS DW 6WHOOHQERVFK 8QLYHUVLW\ +HDOVRZRUNHGZLWK3URI.DUHQ-DFREV 6WHOOHQERVFK GXULQJ 2FWREHU  ZKHUH UHVXOWV ZHUH SUHVHQWHG 8QLYHUVLW\ VWXG\LQJP\FRWR[LQVLQDEDORQHIHHGDQG and discussed. co-presented a Mycology module for Honours students DW WKH 8)6 'U 0DUDLV LQ FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK7,$ WKH 3URI 1HDO 0F/DUHQ DQG KLV VWXGHQWV FROODERUDWHG 8)6DQG&DUERQ)HUWLOL]HU7HFKQRORJLHV 3W\ /WGLV with the Pannar Seed Company in the evaluation developing a plant-growth enhancer, which is in the RI LQRFXODWLRQ WHFKQLTXHV IRU Sclerotinia stem and commercialisation phase. KHDGURWRIVR\EHDQDQGVXQÀRZHUUHVSHFWLYHO\DQG 'U 1JDUD FROODERUDWHV ZLWK 'U 6WHSKHQ &KLYDVD LQRFXOXPSURGXFWLRQ7KLVFROODERUDWLRQDOVRLQFOXGHG 'XUKDP8QLYHUVLW\8QLWHG.LQJGRP DQG'U1HPHUD ¿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on optimising screening methods for Sclerotinia stem 3ODQWV$5&923,  URW RI VR\EHDQ 3URI 0F/DUHQ DOVR FROODERUDWHG ZLWK 'U6WHHQKXLVHQFROODERUDWHVZLWK3URI-HUHP\0LGJOH\ WKH 'HSDUWPHQW RI 3ODQW 3DWKRORJ\ DW 6WHOOHQERVFK DQG0HJDQ6PLWK 8&7 'U5DFKHO3UXQLHU :HVWHUQ University. A course was presented on the application 6WDWH&RQQHFWLFXW8QLYHUVLW\86$ 'U7LPRWKHXVYDQ RI VWDWLVWLFV LQ WKH DQDO\VLV DQG LQWHUSUHWDWLRQ RI ¿HOG GHU1LHW5XWK&R]LHQ'U(UZLQ6LHEHQ3URI6WHYHQ data related to disease assessment. This course was Johnson, and Dr Adam Shuttleworth – all from UKZN, also presented to Plant Pathology students at the DQG3URI7LPRWK\*2¶&RQQRU 6$(21 DQG

35 'U$VKDID FROODERUDWHV ZLWK 'U . 'HYDNL .DUSDJDP action of 0\URWKDPQXV ÀDEHOOLIROLXV Welw. on the $FDGHP\RI+LJKHU(GXFDWLRQ,QGLD 3URI)$*RQ]DOH] DFWLYLWLHVRIĮDP\ODVHDQGĮJOXFRVLGDVHComparative &HQWUR GH ,QYHVWLJDFLRQ %LRPHGLFDO GHO 1RUHVWH Clinical Pathology 26:911-920. ,QVWLWXWR 0H[LFDQR GHO 6HJXUR 6RFLDO 0H[LFR  3URI Alayande, KA, Pohl, CH, and Ashafa, AOT. 2017. *HUGD )RXFKp &RXQFLO IRU 6FLHQWL¿F DQG ,QGXVWULDO 7LPHNLOO NLQHWLFV DQG ELRFLGDO HႇHFW RI Euclea crispa 5HVHDUFK >&6,5@  DQG 3URI -HUU\ 6KDL 7VKZDQH OHDI H[WUDFWV DJDLQVW PLFURELDO PHPEUDQH Asian 8QLYHUVLW\RI7HFKQRORJ\  3DFL¿F-RXUQDORI7URSLFDO0HGLFLQH 10:390-399. STAFF MATTERS $OD\DQGH .$ 6DELX 6 DQG $VKDID $27   Medicinal properties of Abrus precatorius L. leaf 'U:LOOHP%RVKRႇZDVDSSRLQWHGDV6HQLRU/HFWXUHULQ H[WUDFW DQWLPLFURELDO F\WRWR[LFLW\ DQG FDUERK\GUDWH Plant Pathology, and Dr Andri van Aardt was appointed PHWDEROLVLQJHQ]\PHV¶LQKLELWRU\SRWHQWLDOTransactions as Lecturer in Botany. Prof Zakkie Pretorius took early of the Royal Society of South Africa 72:424-250. UHWLUHPHQWDWWKHHQGRI2FWREHUDQG0DUJXHULWH Alimi, AA, and Ashafa, AOT. 2017. An in vitro Westcott resigned in June 2017. HYDOXDWLRQRIWKHDQWLR[LGDQWDQGDQWLGLDEHWLFSRWHQWLDO ,Q  RXU 4ZDTZD FDPSXV DSSRLQWHG 'U 6DQG\ of Sutherlandia montana E. Phillips & R.A. Dyer leaf Lynn Steenhuisen as a Senior Lecturer, and Dipuo extracts. $VLDQ3DFL¿F-RXUQDORI7URSLFDO%LRPHGLFLQH Mosea as an Academic Facilitator for the Bachelor of 7:765-772. 6FLHQFH %6F ([WHQGHG3URJUDPPH %DK 6 9DQ GHU 0HUZH 5 DQG /DEXVFKDJQH 07  (VWLPDWLRQ RI RXWFURVVLQJ UDWHV LQ LQWUDVSHFL¿F OTHER Oryza sativa DQGLQWHUVSHFL¿F Oryza sativa x Oryza Dr Frank Neumann, a German geologist who specialises glaberrima  ULFH XQGHU ¿HOG FRQGLWLRQV XVLQJ DJUR in palynology, Quaternary and Neogene paleoecology, morphological markers. Euphytica 213: 81. DQG SDODHRERWDQ\ MRLQHG 3URI /RXLV 6FRWW¶V WHDP LQ %DORJXQ )2 DQG$VKDID$27$TXHRXV URRW June 2017. His regional focuses are Southern Africa, H[WUDFWV RI 'LFRPD DQRPDOD 6RQG  H[WHQXDWHV WKH1HDU(DVWDQG0LGGOH(XURSH8QWLOWKHEHJLQQLQJ postprandial hyperglycaemia in vitro and its modulation of 2017, he worked as an assistant professor at the RQWKHDFWLYLWLHVRIFDUERK\GUDWHPHWDEROL]LQJHQ]\PHV University of Münster and then accepted a two-year LQ VWUHSWR]RWRFLQLQGXFHG GLDEHWLF :LVWDU UDWV South postdoctoral position starting in June 2017, in the African Journal of Botany 112:102-111. IUDPHRIWKH5$L1 5HJLRQDO$UFKLYHVIRU,QWHJUDWHG Bezerra, JDP, Sandoval-Denis, M, Paiva, LM, Silva, L1YHVWLJDWLRQV  3URMHFW 7KLV LQWHUGLVFLSOLQDU\ SURMHFW GA, Groenewald, JZ, Souza-Motta, CM, and Crous, UHSUHVHQWV D FROODERUDWLRQ EHWZHHQ UHVHDUFKHUV PW. 2017. New endophytic Toxicocladosporium at UKZN and the Centre for Marine Environmental species from cacti in Brazil, and description of 6FLHQFHV 0$5808QLYHUVLW\RI%UHPHQ*HUPDQ\  Neocladosporium gen. nov. IMA Fungus 8: 77-97. Dr Steenhuisen supervised a master’s graduate from Cordova, CE, Scott, L, Chase, BM, and Chevalier, M. 2017. Late Pleistocene-Holocene vegetation and the University of Cape Town, Yolanda Chirango, climate change in the Middle Kalahari, Lake Ngami, who graduated in April 2017. Her study focused Botswana. Quaternary Science Reviews 171: 199-215. on the pollination ecology of Cape milkweeds $VFOHSLDGRLGHDH 7KHVWXGHQWZDVFRVXSHUYLVHGE\ Craven, M, Smith, K, Berner, J, Morey, L, and McLaren, 3URI-HUHP\0LGJOH\ 8&7 DQG'U$GDP6KXWWOHZRUWK NW. 2017. Evaluation of fungicides for potential growth regulating properties on sorghum. Crop Protection 8.=1  101: 43-49. RESEARCH OUTPUTS 'H9HJD&$OEDODGHMR5**X]PiQ%6WHHQKXLVHQ 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV S-L, Johnson, SD, Herrera, CM, and Lachance, M-A. 2017. Flowers as a reservoir of yeast diversity: Allemann, I, Cawood, ME, and Allemann, J. 2017. description of Wickerhamiella nectarea f.a. sp. nov., ,QÀXHQFH RI DOWHUHG WHPSHUDWXUHV RQ DOOHORSDWKLF and Wickerhamiella natalensis f.a. sp. nov. from South properties of Amaranthus cruentus L. Acta Agriculturae $IULFDQÀRZHUVDQGSROOLQDWRUVDQGWUDQVIHURIUHODWHG Slovenica 109: 465-471. Candida species to the genus Wickerhamiella as new $JXQELDGH02+HHUGHQ(93RKO&+DQG$VKDID FRPELQDWLRQV Federation of European Microbiology $27)ORFFXODWLQJSHUIRUPDQFHRIDELRÀRFFXODQW Societies Yeast Research 17: fox054. SURGXFHGE\Arthrobacter humicola in sewage waste 'DUL 6 0DF5REHUW - 0LQQDDU2QWRQJ $ DQG water treatment. BMC Biotechnology 17:51. /DEXVFKDJQH07(ႇHFWRIWKHIHZEUDQFKHG $MDR$$DQG$VKDID$27.LQHWLFVRILQKLELWRU\ Fbr1 WDVVHOPXWDWLRQRQSHUIRUPDQFHRIPDL]HLQEUHG

36 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 OLQHVDQGK\EULGVHYDOXDWHGXQGHUVWUHVVDQGRSWLPXP Masuka, B, Atlin, GN, Olsen, M, Magorokosho, C, environments. Maydica 62-M14. /DEXVFKDJQH0&URVVD-%lQ]LJHU03L[OH\.9 9LYHN%69DQ%LOMRQ$0DF5REHUW-$OYDUDGR* Ertiro, BT, Beyene, Y, Das, B, Mugo, S, Olsen, M, Oikeh, 3UDVDQQD %0 0DNXPEL ' 7DUHNHJQH$ 'DV % 6 &ROOLQV 6 /DEXVFKDJQH 0 DQG 3UDVDQQD %0 Zaman-Allah, M, and Cairns, JE. 2017. Gains in maize &RPELQLQJDELOLW\DQGWHVWFURVVSHUIRUPDQFHRI genetic improvement in eastern and southern Africa I. GURXJKWWROHUDQWPDL]HLQEUHGOLQHVXQGHUVWUHVVDQG &,00<7 K\EULG EUHHGLQJ SLSHOLQH Crop Science 57: non-stress environments in Kenya. Plant Breeding 168-179. 136: 197-205. Masuka, B, Magorokosho, C, Olsen, M, Atlin, GN, (UWLUR%76HPDJQ.'DV%2OVHQ0/DEXVFKDJQH %lQ]LJHU 0 3L[OH\ .9 9LYHN %6 /DEXVFKDJQH M, Worku, M, Wegary, D, Azmach, G, Ogugo, V, Keno, 0 0DWHPED0XWDVD 5 %XUJHQ} - 0DFUREHUW - 7$EHEH%&KLEVD7DQG0HQNLU$*HQHWLF 3UDVDQQD %0 'DV % 0DNXPEL ' 7DUHNHJQH$ YDULDWLRQDQGSRSXODWLRQVWUXFWXUHRIPDL]HLQEUHGOLQHV Crossa, J, Zaman-Allah, M, Van Biljon, A, and Cairns, DGDSWHG WR WKH PLGDOWLWXGH VXEKXPLG PDL]H DJUR JE. 2017. Gains in maize genetic improvement ecology of Ethiopia using single nucleotide polymorphic in eastern and southern Africa: II. CIMMYT open- 613 PDUNHUVBMC Genomics 18: 777. SROOLQDWHGYDULHW\EUHHGLQJSLSHOLQHCrop Science 57: Gryzenhout, M, Fouché, HJ, and Swart, WJ. 2017. 180-191. First report of a serious cladode disease of Opuntia Masuka, BP, Van Biljon, A, Cairns, JE, Das, B, ¿FXVLQGLFD SULFNO\ SHDU  LQ 6RXWK $IULFD FDXVHG E\ /DEXVFKDJQH 0 0DF5REHUW - 0DNXPEL ' Bisifusarium lunatum. Plant Disease 101: 2148. Magorokosho, C, Zaman-Allah, M, Ogugo, V, Olsen, M, +REEKDKQ 1 6WHHQKXLVHQ 6/ 2OVHQ 7 0LGJOH\ Prasanna, BM, Tarekegne, A, and Semagn, K. 2017. --DQG-RKQVRQ6'3ROOLQDWLRQDQGEUHHGLQJ Genetic diversity among selected elite CIMMYT maize system of the enigmatic South African parasitic plant K\EULGVLQ(DVWDQG6RXWKHUQ$IULFDCrop Science 57: Mystropetalon thomii 0\VWURSHWDODFHDH  URGHQWV 2395-2404. ZHOFRPHEXWQRWQHHGHGPlant Biology 19:775-786. 0EXPD1:=KRX00DQG9DQGHU0HUZH5 Identifying elite families and determining optimum -DQVHYDQ5HQVEXUJ%0F/DUHQ1:)OHWW%&DQG IDPLO\ VHOHFWLRQ UDWHV LQ VXJDUFDQH EUHHGLQJ Crop 6FKRHPDQ$*UDLQFRORQLVDWLRQE\IXPRQLVLQ Science 57: 2525–2537. producing Fusarium spp. and fumonisin synthesis in South African commercial maize in relation to prevailing 0F7DJJDUW$5%HDVO\'5:LQJ¿HOG0-:RRG$5 weather conditions. Crop Protection 102: 129-136. Pretorius, ZA, Drenth, A, Shivas, RG, and Roux, J. $G\QDPLFZHEEDVHGUHVRXUFHWRLGHQWLI\UXVW Kazeem, MI, and Ashafa, AOT. 2017. Kinetics of IXQJL 3XFFLQLDOHV  LQ VRXWKHUQ$IULFD MycoKeys 26: LQKLELWLRQ RI FDUERK\GUDWHPHWDEROL]LQJ HQ]\PHV DQG 77-83. PLWLJDWLRQRIR[LGDWLYHVWUHVVE\Eucomis humilis Baker EXOEBeni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied 0LOOHW(6WHႇHQVRQ%6HOD+$OOHQ$DQG3UHWRULXV Sciences 6:57-63. ZA. 2017. Genome targeted introgression of resistance to African stem rust from Aegilops sharonensis Komoreng, L, Thekisoe, O, Lehasa, S, Tiwani, T, LQWR EUHDG ZKHDW The Plant Genome GRL  0]L]L 1 0RNRHQD 1 .KDPEXOH 1 1GHEHOH 6 plantgenome2017.07.0061. DQG 0GOHWVKH 1 $Q HWKQRERWDQLFDO VXUYH\ RI traditional medicinal plants used against lymphatic Minnaar-Ontong, A, Herselman, L, Kriel, W-M, and ¿ODULDVLV LQ 6RXWK $IULFD South African Journal of Leslie, F. 2017. Morphological characterization and Botany 111:12-16. trichothecene genotype analysis of a Fusarium head EOLJKWSRSXODWLRQLQ6RXWK$IULFDEuropean Journal of Kuhn, N, Midgley, JJ, and Steenhuisen, S-L. 2017. Plant Pathology 148: 261-269. 5HSURGXFWLYH ELRORJ\ RI WKUHH FRRFFXUULQJ SULPDULO\ small-mammal pollinated ProteaVSHFLHV 3URWHDFHDH  0RORL0-9DQ%LOMRQ$DQG/DEXVFKDJQH07 (ႇHFW RI TXDQWLW\ RI +0:*6 $[ %[ %\ South African Journal of Botany 113:337-345. '[DQG'\RQEDNLQJTXDOLW\LQGLႇHUHQWJHQHWLF /DEXVFKDJQH00NKDW\ZD1-RKDQVVRQ(:HQW]HO EDFNJURXQGV DQG HQYLURQPHQWV LWT-Food Science B, and van Biljon, A. 2017. Tailoring tocochromanol and Technology 78: 160-164. content in South African wheat; Impact on nutritional 0XWLPDDPED & 0DF5REHUW - &DLUQV -( EHQH¿WVFoods 6: 95. Magorokosho, C, Ndhlela, T, Mukungurutse, C, /LQGHTXH 5& /DEXVFKDJQH 07DQG 9DQ %LOMRQ$ 0LQQDDU2QWRQJ $ DQG /DEXVFKDJQH 07   3URWHLQ TXDQWLW\ DQG TXDOLW\ RI 6RXWK $IULFDQ 'LDOOHO DQDO\VLV RI DFLG VRLO WROHUDQW DQG VXVFHSWLEOH EUHDGZKHDW±SRUWUDLWRIDXQLTXHSURGXFWLRQUHJLRQ PDL]HLQEUHGOLQHVIRUJUDLQ\LHOGXQGHUDFLGDQGQRQ Cereal Foods World 62: 196-201. acid soil conditions. Euphytica 213: 88.

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38 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Craven, M, Smith, K, Berner, J, Morey, L, and Diversity, development and ecological importance of McLaren, NW. 2017. Multiple season evaluation of the corolline corona in Apocynaceae. Poster presented growth regulating properties of two fungicides on DWWKH;,;,QWHUQDWLRQDO%RWDQLFDO&RQJUHVV6KHQ]KHQ selected sorghum cultivars. Paper delivered at the 50th China, 23-29 July. Congress of the Southern African Society for Plant /DEXVFKDJQH 07  7UDGLWLRQDO DQG QRYHO IRRG Pathology, Champagne Sports Resort, 18-21 January. SURGXFWVRIWKH³IRUJRWWHQ´SXOVHVRI$IULFDEDPEDUD Balogun, FO, and Ashafa, AOT. 2017. Acute and JURXQG QXW Vigna subteranea  DQG FRZSHD Vigna VXEFKURQLF RUDO WR[LFLW\ HYDOXDWLRQ RI DTXHRXV URRW unguiculata DQGRIZKHDWDQGPDL]H3DSHUGHOLYHUHG extract of Dicoma anomala 6RQG LQ:LVWDUUDWV3DSHU at the 1st International Association for Cereal Science delivered at the South African Annual Pharmacology DQG 7HFKQRORJ\ $VLD3DFL¿F *UDLQV &RQIHUHQFH Conference, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, ;LDPHQ&KLQD0D\ .H\QRWHVSHDNHU  2FWREHU /DEXVFKDJQH070DQMHUX3DQG9DQ%LOMRQ$ %DORJXQ )2 DQG $VKDID $27    $TXHRXV 'RVWUHVVFRQGLWLRQVLQÀXHQFHWKHQXWULWLRQDOYDOXHRI root extracts of Dicoma anomala 6RQG  H[WHQXDWHV SURYLWDPLQ $ ELRIRUWL¿HG PDL]H LQ 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD" postprandial hyperglycaemia in vitro and normalizes Paper delivered at the 3rd International Conference on WKH DFWLYLW\ RI FDUERK\GUDWHPHWDEROL]LQJ HQ]\PHV *OREDO)RRG6HFXULW\&DSH7RZQ'HFHPEHU LQ VWUHSWR]RWRFLQLQGXFHG GLDEHWLF :LVWDU UDWV 3DSHU /DEXVFKDJQH 07 0DVFL 6 9DQ %LOMRQ $ 0RORL delivered at the South African Annual Pharmacology J, Tundo, S, and Foti, S. 2017. Proteomic analysis Conference, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, of proteins responsive to heat, drought and low 2FWREHU temperature stress in a hard red spring wheat cultivar. 'H *RXYHLD $ -DFNVRQ 0 DQG -RXEHUW /  Poster presented at the 13th International Wheat 6\VWHPDWLFV RI &UDEEHD +DUY $FDQWKDFHDH  LQ Genetics Symposium, Tulln, Austria, 23-28 April. southern Africa. Paper delivered at the 43rd Annual /DXEVHU050DUDLV*-DQG-DFREV.7KH conference of the South African Association of occurrence of Fusarium species and their mycotoxins %RWDQLVWV 6$$%  DEVWUDFW SXEOLVKHG LQ WKH 6RXWK LQ6RXWK$IULFDQDEDORQHIHHG3DSHUGHOLYHUHGDWWKH African Journal of Botany 109: 331 World Agriculture Society Conference, Cape Town, 26- *UH\OLQJ-RXEHUW 60 6FKRHPDQ $ -DQVH YDQ 30 June. 5HQVEXUJ % )OHWW %& DQG 0F/DUHQ 1:  /HEDND 1* /DEXVFKDJQH 07 6LZDOH - *HUUDQR Evaluating the fungal target DNA concentrations of $ 2VWKRႇ * DQG +XJR $  0RUSKRORJLFDO three Fusarium species associated with maize disease DQG QXWULWLRQDO GLYHUVLW\ RI %DPEDUD JURXQGQXWV LQ 6RXWK$IULFD XQGHU GLႇHUHQW IDUPLQJ PDQDJHPHQW germplasm collection at Agricultural Research Council, SUDFWLFHV XVLQJ T3&5 3RVWHU SUHVHQWHG DW WKH th South Africa. Poster presented at the 3rd International Congress of the Southern African Society for Plant &RQIHUHQFH RQ *OREDO )RRG 6HFXULW\ &DSH 7RZQ Pathology, Champagne Sports Resort, 18-21 January. 6RXWK$IULFD'HFHPEHU Goche, T, Chivasa, S, and Ngara, R. 2017. Proteome Lehasa, SG, Pieters, R, Thekisoe, MMO, and and gene expression analysis of osmotic stress Komoreng, LV. 2017. Biological activity of traditional UHVSRQVLYHJHQHVLQVRUJKXPDQG$UDELGRSVLV3DSHU PHGLFLQDO SODQWV XVHG DJDLQVW O\PSKDWLF ¿ODULDVLV LQ delivered at the Federation of African Societies of the eastern Free State. Poster delivered at the Joint Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Biochemistry and Conference for the South African Association of 0ROHFXODU %LRORJ\ 6RFLHW\ RI =LPEDEZH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO %RWDQLVWV 6$$%  ± 3URWHFWLQJ ELRGLYHUVLW\ WKURXJK 6\PSRVLXP+ROLGD\,QQ+RWHO+DUDUH=LPEDEZH VXVWDLQDELOLW\ /DJRRQ %HDFK +RWHO :HVWHUQ &DSH Goche, T, Chivasa, S, and Ngara, R. 2017. Physiological South Africa, 8-11 January. South African Journal of DQG ELRFKHPLFDO UHVSRQVHV RI VRUJKXP WR GURXJKW Botany 109:344. stress. Paper delivered at the Joint Conference for Maree, GJ, Castelyn, HD, and Pretorius, ZA. 2017. WKH 6RXWK$IULFDQ$VVRFLDWLRQ RI %RWDQLVWV 6$$%  ± +LVWRSDWKRORJ\RIVWHPUXVWLQIHFWLRQLQEDUOH\3DSHU 3URWHFWLQJ ELRGLYHUVLW\ WKURXJK VXVWDLQDELOLW\ /DJRRQ delivered at the 50th Congress of the Southern African Beach Hotel, Western Cape, South Africa, 8-11 Society for Plant Pathology, Champagne Sports January. South African Journal of Botany, 109:336. 5HVRUW'UDNHQVEHUJ-DQXDU\ Herselman, L, Mare, A, and Pretorius, ZA. 2017. 0DVKDPED 17 9DQ %LOMRQ $ :HQW]HO %6 Development of wheat lines with complex resistance DQG /DEXVFKDJQH 07  7KH LQÀXHQFH RI WR UXVWV DQG )XVDULXP KHDG EOLJKW 3RVWHU SUHVHQWHG KLJK PROHFXODU ZHLJKWJOXWHQLQ VXEXQLWV RQ 6'6 at the 13th International Wheat Genetics Symposium, sedimentation volume and Mixsmart characteristics Tulln, Austria, 23-28 April. in elite wheat lines grown at three locations. Poster -RXEHUW / 'H -DJHU -&/ DQG *ORYHU %-  presented at the 13th International Wheat Genetics

39 Symposium, Tulln, Austria, 23-28 April. varieties. Paper delivered at the Joint Conference for WKH 6RXWK$IULFDQ$VVRFLDWLRQ RI %RWDQLVWV 6$$%  ± Masupha, P, Jankielsohn, A, and Mohase, L. 2017. 3URWHFWLQJ ELRGLYHUVLW\ WKURXJK VXVWDLQDELOLW\ /DJRRQ 9DULDWLRQ LQ 5XVVLDQ ZKHDW DSKLG Diuraphis noxia  Beach Hotel, Western Cape, South Africa, 8-11 UHVLVWDQFH EHWZHHQ 6RXWK $IULFDQ ZKHDW Triticum January. South African Journal of Botany, 109:366. aestivum FXOWLYDUVDQGFXOWLYDUVJURZQLQWKHPRXQWDLQV of Lesotho. Paper delivered at the Entomological Rothmann, LA, Bester, MC, and McLaren, NW. Society of Southern Africa and the Zoological Society of 2017. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum disease epidemiology: 6RXWKHUQ$IULFD (66$DQG=66$ &RPELQHG%LHQQLDO A South African approach. Invited paper delivered Congress, CSIR ICC, Pretoria, South Africa, 3-7 July. DW WKH 6RLOERUQH 'LVHDVHV ,QWHUHVW *URXS  6WHOOHQERVFK6HSWHPEHU 0EXPD1:=KRX00DQG9DQGHU0HUZH5 Identifying elite families for the Midlands sugarcane Rothmann, LA, Steyn, C, and McLaren, NW. 2017. EUHHGLQJSURJUDPPHVLQ6RXWK$IULFD3DSHUGHOLYHUHG Epidemiology of Sclerotinia VWHP URW RI VR\EHDQ $ at the 90th$QQXDO&RQJUHVVRI6$67$ 6RXWK$IULFDQ South African perspective. Poster presented at the 15th 6XJDU 7HFKQRORJLVW¶V$VVRFLDWLRQ  ,&& ,QWHUQDWLRQDO National Sclerotinia Initiative, Minneapolis, Minnesota, &RQYHQWLRQ&HQWUH 'XUEDQ$XJXVW3XEOLVKHG USA, 18-20 January. Proceedings of the South African Sugar Technologist’s 5XL]+HUQiQGH]9-RXEHUW/5RGUtJXH]*yPH]$ $VVRFLDWLRQ   Weiss, J, Mühlemann, JK, Hermans, B, Dudareva, N, Mohase, L, Masupha, P, and Jankielsohn, A. 2017. Bielza, P, Glover, BJ, and Egea-Cortines, M. 2017. The 6RXWK $IULFDQ 5XVVLDQ ZKHDW DSKLG ELRW\SHV LQGXFH HႇHFWRIPRGL¿HGVFHQWSUR¿OHVRQSHVWDQGSROOLQDWRU GLႇHUHQWLDO UHVSRQVHV LQ IDUPHUV¶ ZKHDW YDULHWLHV choices. Poster presented at the New Phytologist Next grown in the highlands of Lesotho. Paper delivered Generation Scientists, John Innes Centre, Norwich, at the Entomological Society of Southern Africa and UK, 24–26 July. WKH=RRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD (66$DQG 6DELX 6 2¶1HLOO )+ DQG $VKDID $27   =66$  &RPELQHG %LHQQLDO &RQJUHVV &6,5 ,&& Kinetics of Į-amylase and ĮJOXFRVLGDVH LQKLELWRU\ Pretoria, South Africa, 3-7 July. potential of Zea mays /LQQDHXV 3RDFHDH  Stigma Moloi, SJ, Shargie, N, and Ngara, R. 2017. A maydis DTXHRXV H[WUDFW $Q in vitro assessment. comparative physiological analysis of two Sorghum Paper delivered at the Society for Medicinal Plants bicolor varieties under salt stress. Poster delivered and Economic Development, Birchwood Hotel and at Joint Conference for the South African Association 257DPER&RQIHUHQFH&HQWUH-RKDQQHVEXUJ6RXWK RI%RWDQLVWV 6$$% ±3URWHFWLQJELRGLYHUVLW\WKURXJK Africa, 27-30 August. VXVWDLQDELOLW\ /DJRRQ %HDFK +RWHO :HVWHUQ &DSH 6DELX62¶1HLOO)+DQG$VKDID$27.LQHWLFV South Africa, 8-11 January. South African Journal of of Į-amylase and ĮJOXFRVLGDVH LQKLELWRU\ SRWHQWLDO Botany, 109:353. of Zea mays /LQQDHXV 3RDFHDH  Stigma maydis Ngara, R, Ramulifho, E, Lekekela, M, Moloi, S, and DTXHRXV H[WUDFW $Q in vitro assessment. Poster Goche, T. 2017. Exploring sorghum’s adaptive delivered at the 65th Annual Conference of the Society responses towards drought and salinity stresses. for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research Paper delivered at the Joint Conference for the South *$ %DVHO6ZLW]HUODQG6HSWHPEHU $IULFDQ$VVRFLDWLRQ RI%RWDQLVWV 6$$% ±3URWHFWLQJ Scott, L, Gil-Romera, G, Brook, GA, and Marais, E. ELRGLYHUVLW\ WKURXJK VXVWDLQDELOLW\ /DJRRQ %HDFK 2017. Holocene vegetation change recorded in Late Hotel, Western Cape, South Africa, 8-11 January. 4XDWHUQDU\IDHFDOGHSRVLWVRIWKH1DPLE'HVHUWDQG South African Journal of Botany, 109:360. ERXQGDU\UHJLRQ3RVWHUSUHVHQWHGDWWKH3DVW*OREDO 3LHQDDU 5& -DQVHQ YDQ 5HQVEXUJ :6 9DQ GHU &KDQJHV 2SHQ 6FLHQFH 0HHWLQJ 3$*(6 260  Merwe, R, and Van Biljon, A. 2017. Genetic diversity of Zaragoza, Spain, 9-13 May. Cleome gynandra. Poster presented at the Indigenous Scott, L, Manzano Rodriguez, S, Carr, AS, Bateman, Plant Use Forum 20th Annual Conference, Batter Boys 0&RUGRYD&DQG&DUULyQ-6$NDSROOHQ Village, Montana, Pretoria, 9-12 July. DQGLVRWRSHUHFRUGIURPDOOXYLDOGHSRVLWVLQD)\QERV± 3ULQV 5 6PLW & 3UHWRULXV =$ %RVKRႇ :+3 Succulent Karoo ecotone near Uniondale, Western Dolezel, J, Simkova, H, Horn, M, and Krattinger, S. &DSH6RXWK$IULFD3RVWHUSUHVHQWDWLRQSXEOLVKHG LQ 2017. Characterisation of the Qyr.sgi-4A.1 region the Proceedings of the 21st Biennial Conference of conferring partial stripe rust resistance in Kariega. the South African Society of Quaternary Research, Poster presentation at the 13th International Wheat -RKDQQHVEXUJPalaeontologia Africana 52: 35-37. Genetics Symposium, Tulln, Austria, 23-28 April. 6WHHQKXLVHQ6/:KHQÀRZHUVVPHOOFKHHV\ 5DPXOLIKR(7VLOR7DQG1JDUD5(VWDEOLVKLQJ $QLQYHVWLJDWLRQLQWRIXQFWLRQDOÀRUDOWUDLWVRI$IULFDQDQG cell suspension cultures of two Sorghum bicolor $XVWUDOLDQ PDPPDOSROOLQDWHG SURWHDV 3URWHDFHDH 

40 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 3DSHU GHOLYHUHG DW D V\PSRVLXP RQ 3ROOLQDWLRQ E\ 50th Congress of the Southern African Society for Plant 1RQÀ\LQJ0DPPDOVDWWKH;,;,QWHUQDWLRQDO%RWDQLFDO 3DWKRORJ\ &KDPSDJQH 6SRUWV 5HVRUW 'UDNHQVEHUJ &RQJUHVV ,%& 6KHQ]KHQ&KLQD-XO\ 15-19 January. Terefe, TG, Visser, B, and Pretorius, ZA. 2017 Diversity Zhang, J, Hewitt, T, Zhang, P, Pretorius, ZA, Park, within the population of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici R, Upadhyaya, N, Schippenkoetter, W, Dundas, detected on wheat and triticale in South Africa. Poster , 0F,QWRVK 5 0DJR 5 3HUL\DQQDQ 6 :XOႇ % presented at the 50th Congress of the Southern African 6WHXHUQDJHO % .RQJ ; +R[KD 6 DQG /DJXGDK Society for Plant Pathology, Champagne Sports E. 2017. Molecular organization of wheat stem rust 5HVRUW'UDNHQVEHUJ-DQXDU\ resistance locus Sr26 introgressed from Thinopyrum ponticum. Poster presented at the 13th International 7LZDQL 7 3LHWHUV 5 0DEHQD -0 0D\HNLVR Wheat Genetics Symposium, Tulln, Austria, 23-28 B, Thekisoe, MMO, and Komoreng, LV. 2017. $QWLPLFURELDO DQWKHOPLQWKLF DFWLYLW\ DQG F\WRWR[LFLW\ April. of medicinal plants used in the treatment of lymphatic STAFF ¿ODULDVLV LQ WKH (DVWHUQ &DSH 6RXWK $IULFD 3DSHU delivered at the Indigenous Plant Use Forum, University Professors: 3URIV07/DEXVFKDJQH1:0F/DUHQ=$ of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa, 9-12 July. Pretorius, and WJ Swart. Van Aardt, AC, Scott, L, and Du Preez, PJ. 2017. Associate Professors: Profs B Visser, and L Herselman. Western Free State vegetation ecology: From past $ႈOLDWHG3URIHVVRUProfs PW Crous, and PKW Ng. to present. Paper presentation at the 43rd Annual Conference of the South African Association of $ႈOLDWHG$VVRFLDWH3URIHVVRU Prof M Zhou. Botanists, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Senior Lecturers: 'UV$27$VKDID:+3%RVKRႇ/9 Africa. South African Journal of Botany 109: 372. .RPRUHQJ 1 /HEDND *- 0DUDLV *3 3RWJLHWHU 6/ Van Biljon, A, Wentzel, B, Onsando, J, Moloi, J, and Steenhuisen and A van Biljon. /DEXVFKDJQH 07  4XDQWL¿FDWLRQ RI WKH KLJK PROHFXODU ZHLJKW JOXWHQLQ VXEXQLWV LQ 6RXWK $IULFDQ $ႈOLDWHG6HQLRU/HFWXUHU'U65DPEXUDQ hard red wheat cultivars using reversed phase - high Lecturers: 'UV0(&DZRRG0-DFNVRQ/-RXEHUW$ SHUIRUPDQFHOLTXLGFKURPDWRJUDSK\3RVWHUSUHVHQWHG Minnaar-Ontong, L Mohase, R Ngara, AC van Aardt, R at the 13th International Wheat Genetics Symposium, van der Merwe, and TR Pitso. Tulln, Austria, 23-28 April. Junior Lecturer: 0:HVWFRWW UHVLJQHGLQ-XQH  Venter, SL, Fouche, HJ, De Wit, M, Mavengahama, S, Coetzer, G, Swart, WJ, and Amonsou, EO. 2017. Academic Facilitator: D Mosea. )RVWHULQJSDUWQHUVKLSVRQEURDGHQLQJWKHIRRGEDVH Senior Research Fellow: Prof L Scott. Cactus Pear, and Underutilised crop with unlimited potential; The South African Perspective. Paper Research Fellows:3URIV3-GX3UHH]50RႇHW-+7 SUHVHQWHGDWWKH,;,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQJUHVVRQ&DFWXV Venter, Drs R Prins, L Rossouw, and A Venter. 3HDUDQG&RFKLQHDO&RTXLPER&KLOH0DUFK 7HFKQLFDODQG6XSSRUW6WDႇ CM Bender, DR Coetzee, Visser, B, Park, RF, and Pretorius, ZA. 2017. NH Dlamini, NS Macwili, PJ Mojau, LHA Molale, 0LFURVDWHOOLWH DQDO\VLV FRQ¿UPV D KLVWRULFDO 13 0]L]L 6 *HOGHQKX\V 1 -DQVH YDQ 5HQVEXUJ & intercontinental movement of Puccinia graminis f. sp. Steyn, Z van der Linde, M Pienaar, D Jansen, and HP tritici from southern Africa to Australia. Paper delivered Pretorius. at the 50th Congress of the Southern African Society for Plant Pathology, Champagne Sports Resort, Postdoctoral Fellows: Drs Janet Adefuye, Mohammed 'UDNHQVEHUJ-DQXDU\ Elhassan, Marcelo Sandoval-Denis, Brigitta Toth, :HQW]HO%/DEXVFKDJQH079DQ%LOMRQ$%RR\VH 6 $GHED\R )2 %DORJXQ &3 3DODQLVDP\ DQG 5 0 DQG 0LOHV &  7KH FRQWULEXWLRQ RI QRQ Selvarajan SURODPLQV DOEXPLQDQGJOREXOLQ WRGRXJKSURSHUWLHV Research Assistants: MC Bester, LA Coetzee, R in South African hard red wheat cultivars. Poster /DEXVFKDJQH$0DUp*-0DUHH(6HPX17KHURQ presented at the 13th International Wheat Genetics D van Heerden, WC Heppel, GM Oosthuizen, and FS Symposium, Tulln, Austria, 23-28 April. Pelser. :HVVHOV(3ULQV5%RVKRႇ:+3DQG3UHWRULXV=$ 2017. Mapping the stem rust resistance gene that failed WR³8J´LQZKHDWFY0DWODEDV3DSHUSUHVHQWHGDWWKH

41 DEPARTMENT OF Soil, Crop and &OLPDWH6FLHQFHV

Contact Details 3URI$&)UDQNH Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa Telephone: Fax: Email:IUDQNHDF#XIVDF]D Website:ZZZXIVDF]D 2017 Overview

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ACHIEVEMENTS 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV $FWLYLWLHV Dr Ceronio was elected as the President of the South Dr Allemann presented a paper on the ‘Evaluation of African Society of Crop Production; Dr Allemann was DOWHUQDWLYH V\VWHPLF KHUELFLGHV IRU YROXQWHHU SRWDWR elected President and Ingrid Allemann as secretary of control’ at the Potatoes SA Research Symposium held WKH6RXWKHUQ$IULFDQ:HHG6FLHQFH6RFLHW\2XUVWDႇ DW&OXE0\NDQRV SUHVHQWHG ¿YH SDSHUV DQG ZHUH LQYROYHG ZLWK HLJKW RESEARCH VWXGHQWSUHVHQWDWLRQVDWWKH&RPELQHG&RQJUHVVRIWKH South African Society of Crop Production, Soil Science 5HVHDUFKWR¿QGDVXLWDEOHV\VWHPLFKHUELFLGHIRUWKH Society of South Africa, Southern African Weed Science control of volunteer potatoes continued during the Society, and Southern African Society for Horticultural year, while a project into tissue culturing and DNA Sciences. Dr Allemann won the CropLife award for ¿QJHUSULQWLQJ RI SHFDQV VKRZHG VRPH SURPLVLQJ WKH EHVW SUHVHQWDWLRQ LQ ZHHG VFLHQFH ZLWK D SDSHU results. Although the contract of the postdoc from Italy titled ‘Evaluation of mesotrione as a pre-emergence ended in 2017, the project continues. Research into KHUELFLGHWRFRQWUROYROXQWHHUSRWDWRHV¶ cactus pear is also continuing, with huge success on WLVVXHFXOWXULQJDQGWKHHVWDEOLVKPHQWRIDJHQHEDQN Dr Makhosazana Aghoghovwia received her PhD in of 60 cultivars on West Campus. Natural product 6RLO6FLHQFHIURP6WHOOHQERVFK8QLYHUVLW\ZLWKKHU3K' screening to identify plants producing potential GLVVHUWDWLRQ µ(ႇHFW RI GLႇHUHQW ELRFKDUV RQ LQRUJDQLF fungicides, pharmaceuticals, insecticides, and QLWURJHQDYDLODELOLW\¶ KHUELFLGHV FRQWLQXHG GXULQJ WKH \HDU DQG SURGXFHG Neo Mathinya received the 2nd prize for oral some encouraging results. Management guidelines for SUHVHQWDWLRQV E\ D PDVWHU¶V VWXGHQW IURP &HUHDO technology transfer to decrease salinization of irrigated 6FLHQFH DQG 7HFKQRORJ\6$ &676$  DW WKH 1HZ land with precision agriculture continues, as well as Voices Symposium in Pretoria. YDULRXV IDFWRUV DႇHFWLQJ VXQÀRZHU HPHUJHQFH VXFK DVKHUELFLGHVWHPSHUDWXUHVDQGIHUWLOLVDWLRQSUDFWLFHV 6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV ,Q  3URI )UDQNH REWDLQHG WZR QHZ UHVHDUFK BJM Bornman was awarded the Gold Medal from the JUDQWV%RWKJUDQWVEXLOWXSRQHDUOLHUZRUNRQUHVRXUFH South African Society of Crop Production for achieving XVHHႈFLHQFLHVRIODQGZDWHUDQGQXWULHQWVLQSRWDWR DQ DYHUDJH RI DERYH  LQ WKH ¿QDO \HDU RI WKH EDVHGV\VWHPVLQ6RXWK$IULFD3RWDWRes South Africa BScAgric degree. Tlomatsana received a medal from approved a three-year grant for detailed measurements WKH6RLO6FLHQFH6RFLHW\RI6RXWK$IULFDIRUWKH¿QDO RIUHVRXUFHXVHHႈFLHQFLHVDPRQJSRWDWRIDUPHUVLQ \HDUVWXGHQWLQ6RLO6FLHQFHZLWKWKHEHVWVXVWDLQDEOH 1RUWK:HVW 9U\EXUJ  XVLQJ ÀRZPHWHUV O\VLPHWHUV performance over all study years with an average of at eddy-covariance systems, and crop modelling. The least 70%. SURMHFW ZDV H[WHQGHG WR WKH :HVWHUQ &DSH WKH 6SHFLDO$FKLHYHPHQWV 6DQGYHOG  WKURXJK D JUDQW IURP

43 the ‘Uptake of knowledge, technology and practices Prof Chris du Preez and Dr Johan Barnard were for improving water productivity in rain-fed cropping PHPEHUV RI D WHDP ZKR FRPSOHWHG D :5& UHSRUW systems’. A major component of this project entails a WLWOHGµ5LVNEDVHGVLWHVSHFL¿FLUULJDWLRQZDWHUTXDOLW\ case study which focuses on smallholder farmers in JXLGHOLQHV¶ RQ UHTXHVW IRU WKH 'HSDUWPHQW RI :DWHU 7KDED1FKX)XQGLQJIRUDVHFRQGUHODWHGUHVHDUFK and Sanitation. The 1996 South African Water Quality project, namely ‘Cropping-systems, Climate-risk and Guidelines is one of the most widely-used tools in Community-engagement Innovations in semi-arid ZDWHUTXDOLW\PDQDJHPHQW+RZHYHUWKHVHJXLGHOLQHV DUHDV RI 6RXWK $IULFD¶ ZDV DOVR REWDLQHG IURP WKH DUHQRZYLHZHGDVVLJQL¿FDQWO\RXWRIGDWH7KHQHZ 1DWLRQDO5HVHDUFK)RXQGDWLRQ 15) DQGZLOOIRFXVRQ JXLGHOLQHV ZHUH WKXV HQYLVDJHG WR EH GLႇHUHQW LQ D rain-fed cropping systems in semi-arid regions across QXPEHU RI IXQGDPHQWDO ZD\V )LUVWO\ WKH\ DUH ULVN WKUHH SURYLQFHV )UHH 6WDWH /LPSRSR DQG (DVWHUQ EDVHG 6HFRQGO\ WKH\ DOORZ IRU PXFK JUHDWHU VLWH &DSH 7KH RYHUDOO JRDO RI WKLV SURMHFW LV WR LQFUHDVH VSHFL¿FLW\ 7KLUGO\ WKH\ DUH PDGH DYDLODEOH SULPDULO\ DJULFXOWXUDO SURGXFWLYLW\ E\ LQWHQVLI\LQJ FURSSLQJ DVDVRIWZDUHEDVHGGHFLVLRQVXSSRUWV\VWHP systems using intercropping and conservation Prof Du Preez and Dr Elmarie Kotzé completed DJULFXOWXUHWHFKQLTXHVWRSURPRWHQXWULWLRQVHFXULW\DQG D *HUPDQ 5HVHDUFK )RXQGDWLRQ VXESURMHFW WLWOHG improve natural resource management, thus reducing µ9XOQHUDELOLW\ DQG UHVLOLHQFH RI VRLOV XQGHU GLႇHUHQW poverty and hunger in the semi-arid target areas. UDQJHODQG XVH¶ XQGHU WKH XPEUHOOD SURMHFW WLWOHG Another research project focuses on determining the ‘Resilience, collapse and reorganisation in social crop evapotranspiration of underutilised crops such ecological systems of East and South Africa’s DVWKHVXSHUJUDLQFHUHDO7Hႇ Eragrostis tef SVHXGR VDYDQQDK¶ 7KH PHQWLRQHG VXESURMHFW ZDV GRQH LQ FHUHDO 4XLQRD Chenopodium quinoa  DQG RWKHU FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 3URI :XOI$PHOXQJ DQG$OH[DQGUD HVVHQWLDO PLQW IDPLO\ &KLD VHHGV Salvia hispanica  Sandhage-Hofmann from Bonn University. Several )RU WKLV ¿HOG WULDOV ZHUH GRQH RQ WKH H[SHULPHQWDO SHHUUHYLHZHG SDSHUV ZHUH DOUHDG\ SXEOLVKHG DQG farm in Kenilworth. This study aims to promote more are in the pipeline. This research manifested DOWHUQDWLYHXQGHUXWLOLVHG FURSV ZLWK KLJK QXWULWLRQDO in an invitation to Chris du Preez for a review paper YDOXHVDQGHQKDQFHVXLWDELOLW\WRPDUJLQDOSURGXFWLRQ µ&KDQJHV LQ VRLO RUJDQLF PDWWHU FRQWHQW DQG TXDOLW\ environments. LQ 6RXWK $IULFDQ DUDEOH ODQG¶ DQG WR (OPDULH .RW]p for a review paper ‘Rangeland management and soil TXDOLW\ LQ 6RXWK$IULFD¶ LQ Advances in Soil Science: Soil Degradation in Africa7KH HGLWRU RI WKLV ERRN LV 5DWWDQ/DODZRUOGUHQRZQHGVRLOVFLHQWLVWZLWKDERXW 700 peer-reviewed papers. 3URI /HRQ YDQ 5HQVEXUJ¶V UHVHDUFK JURXS FRQVLVWV RI'U-RKDQ%DUQDUG'U6DEHOR0DYLPEHOD'U=DLG %HOOR)UDQV-RVHSK 'HSDUWPHQWRI$JULFXOWXUH)UHH 6WDWH  3URI 5LDQWR YDQ $QWZHUSHQ 6$65,  $VKLHO -XPPDQ 6$65, 'U3LHWHUYDQ+HHUGHQ 3,&:$7  'U:LOOHPGH&OHUFT 6WHOOHQERVFK8QLYHUVLW\ DQGD QXPEHURIPDVWHU¶VDQGGRFWRUDOVWXGHQWV 'U 6DEHOOR OHDGV WKH UHVHDUFK RQ WKH K\GURSK\VLFDO properties of selected ecotopes at the Kolomela iron PLQH QHDU 3RVWPDVEXUJ DLPLQJ WR SURYLGH DQVZHUV RQKRZUDLQIDOOLVSDUWLWLRQHGEHWZHHQUXQRႇGUDLQDJH 'U:HOGHPLFKDHO7HVIXKXQH\ZLWK7H௺DW.HQLOZRWK evaporation, transpiration, and deep drainage, since farmers are complaining that the dewatering of the mine impact negatively on the groundwater supply and Charles Tharaga secured funding through the hence on their farming activities. Thuthuka PHD-Track grant for his PhD studies. The grant also covers the cost of two students, one on 'U %HOOR IRFXVHV RQ WKH ZDWHU IRRWSULQW RI EHHU D master’s level and one on honours level. The grant will SURMHFWVSRQVRUHGE\WKH:LQWHU&HUHDO7UXVWDQG6$% UXQIURPWLOOZLWKWKHSRVVLELOLW\RIH[WHQGLQJ Miller. This project focuses on the irrigation scheduling it to postdoctoral level from 2021 to 2024. RIEDUOH\DQGFRQVLVWRIJODVVKRXVHDQG¿HOGVWXGLHV

44 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 7KHPDLQ¿QGLQJVRIWKHUHVHDUFKZHUHFDSWXUHGLQWKH ODQGXVHHႈFLHQF\LQSRWDWRSURGXFWLRQLQ6RXWK$IULFD 6:$03PRGHOE\'U%DUQDUG Dr Tesfuhuney accompanied several students to the 7KHUHVWRIWKHWHDPPHPEHUVIRFXVRQWKHRQJRLQJ annual South African Society for Atmospheric Sciences Water Research Commission-funded project, viz. 6$6$6  FRQIHUHQFH LQ 3RORNZDQH /LPSRSR GXULQJ ‘Management guidelines for technology transfer to 6HSWHPEHU 7ZR SRVWHUV ZHUH SUHVHQWHG +H DOVR reduce salinization of irrigated land with precision DWWHQGHG WKH $PHULFDQ *HRSK\VLFDO 8QLRQ $*8  agriculture water and salinity management of irrigated PHHWLQJ LQ 1HZ 2UOHDQV LQ 'HFHPEHU ZKHUH KH FURSV¶,QWKLVSURMHFWZDWHUDQGVDOWGLVWULEXWLRQLQWKH presented a paper during the climate change session. irrigation water and soils are spatially monitored over 0U 7KDUDJD PDGH XVH RI WZR LQWHUQDWLRQDO PRELOLW\ two cropping seasons under ten centre pivots located JUDQWV LQ  7KH ¿UVW YLVLW LQ 0D\ ZDV IXQGHG E\ in four provinces. the university’s Postgraduate School and Rectorate 'U -RKDQ YDQ 7RO¿QDOLVHG D PXOWLGLVFLSOLQDU\ :DWHU Research to the East Malling Research Institute and Research Commission project which aimed to capture University of Reading in the United Kingdom. The aim WKHSRWHQWLDOLPSDFWVRIWKH0]LPYXEX:DWHU3URMHFW RI WKH YLVLW ZDV WR OHDUQ PRUH DERXW WKH WHFKQLTXHV 0:3  RQ DJULFXOWXUDO HQYLURQPHQWDO DQG VRFLR used in relation to irrigation scheduling for commercial economic aspects. The study was conducted near Tsolo farmers in the area. The second visit was in June to LQWKH(DVWHUQ&DSHLQFROODERUDWLRQZLWKWKH8QLYHUVLW\ WKH1HRQ'DWD&HQWHULQ'HQYHU&RORUDGR 86$ WR of Fort Hare and Rhodes University. Three master’s DWWHQGRQHZHHNRIWUDLQLQJRQXVLQJGLႇHUHQWVRIWZDUH students and one doctoral student worked on various packages for analysing evapotranspiration and other soil-related topics associated with the MWP. Dr Van Tol FOLPDWLFYDULDEOHVIURPUHPRWHVHQVLQJ also leads another project in the same area, focusing on the mapping of erosion-sensitive areas. This project STAFF MATTERS LVIXQGHGE\WKH'HSDUWPHQWRI(QYLURQPHQWDO$ႇDLUV In 2017, Dr Linus Franke was promoted from Senior '($  XQGHU WKH 1DWLRQDO 5HVRXUFH 0DQDJHPHQW Lecturer to Associate Professor. Later during the same 3URJUDPPH 150  DQG ZLOO EH FRPSOHWHG HDUO\ LQ year, he was appointed as the Academic Head of the 2018. Two MSc students are involved in this project. Department, taking over from Prof CC du Preez, who 'U-RKDQYDQ7RODQGWZRPDVWHU¶VVWXGHQWV 7VKLDPR ZLOOUHWLUHE\WKHHQGRI 6HWVLSDQHDQG0DWWKHZ&KDXNH ¿QDOLVHGDUHVHDUFK RESEARCH OUTPUTS SURMHFW IXQGHG E\ WKH '67 DQG PDQDJHG E\ WKH ,QVWLWXWHIRU&RPPHUFLDO)RUHVWU\5HVHDUFK ,&)5 'U 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV Van Tol and T Setsipane focus on the hydropedological Allemann, I, Cawood, ME, and Allemann, J. 2017. interpretation of soils to determine the site productivity ,QÀXHQFH RI DOWHUHG WHPSHUDWXUHV RQ DOOHRSDWKLF of various forestry species. M Chauke, together with properties of Amaranthus cruentus L. Acta Agriculturae 'U *HRUJH YDQ =LMO 'LJLWDO 6RLOV $IULFD  IRFXV RQ Slovenica   H[WUDSRODWLQJSRLQW¿QGLQJVWRODUJHDUHDVXVLQJGLJLWDO VRLOPDSSLQJDSSURDFKHV'U9DQ7RODOVRREWDLQHGD %DK 6 9DQ GHU 0HUZH 5 DQG /DEXVFKDJQH 07 FHUWL¿FDWHLQ(QYLURQPHQWDO/DZ ZLWKGLVWLQFWLRQ IURP  (VWLPDWLRQ RI RXWFURVVLQJ UDWHV LQ LQWUDVSHFL¿F the University of Pretoria. 2U\]DVDWLYD DQGLQWHUVSHFL¿F 2U\]DVDWLYD[2U\]D JODEHUULPD  ULFH XQGHU ¿HOG FRQGLWLRQV XVLQJ DJUR 1DWLRQDODQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ROODERUDWLRQ morphological markers. Euphytica 213: 81-1-81-12. We undertook research projects for, among others, %DUQDUG -+ 9DQ 5HQVEXUJ /' %HQQLH $73 DQG Agraforum, the WRC, Pecan SA, Potatoes SA, and 'X 3UHH] &&  :DWHU DQG VDOW EDODQFHV RI

45 Response of Glasshouse Grown Malt Barley Yield to Jordaan, M, Coetzer, GM, and Allemann, J. 2017. Water Stress. Agronomy Journal   3RWHQWLDORI$GHODLGH&UDGRFNDQG0LGGHOEXUJ6RXWK Africa, for out-of-season onion production using Bezerra, J, Marcelo, MP, Paiva, L, Silva, G, GLႇHUHQWSODQWLQJPDWHULDOVDQGSODQWLQJGDWHVSouth Groenewald, J, Crous, PW, and Souza-Motta, C. 2017. African Journal of Plant and Soil   New endophytic Toxicocladosporium species from cacti in Brazil, and description of Neocladosporium .HUPDK 0 )UDQNH$&$GMHL1VLDK 6$KLDERU % gen. nov. IMA Fungus 8: 77-97. $EDLGRR5DQG*LOOHU.0DL]HJUDLQOHJXPH LQWHUFURSSLQJIRUHQKDQFHGUHVRXUFHXVHHႈFLHQF\DQG Coetzee, PE, Ceronio, GM, and Du Preez, CC. 2017. crop productivity in the Guinea savanna of northern (ႇHFWRISKRVSKRUXVDQGQLWURJHQVRXUFHVRQHVVHQWLDO Ghana. Field Crops Research 213: 38-50. QXWULHQWFRQFHQWUDWLRQDQGXSWDNHE\PDL]H =HDPD\V / GXULQJHDUO\JURZWKDQGGHYHORSPHQWSouth African Kotze, E, Sandhage-Hofmann, A, Amelung, W, Oomen, Journal of Plant and Soil   5DQG'X3UHH]&&6RLOPLFURELDOFRPPXQLWLHV LQGLႇHUHQWUDQJHODQGPDQDJHPHQWV\VWHPVRIDVDQG\ 'HEHOH 7 'X 3UHH] && DQG &HURQLR *0  savanna and clayey grassland ecosystem, South Economic Evaluation of Tillage Systems and Nitrogen Africa. Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 107: 227– Fertilization for Maize Production in Western Ethiopia. 245. International Journal of Research in Agricultural Sciences   Makuvaro, V, Walker, S, Munodawafa, A, Chagonda, , 0DVHUH 3 0XUHZL & DQG 0XED\D &  'HEHOH 7 'X 3UHH] && DQG &HURQLR *0  Constraints to crop production and adaptation (FRQRPLF (YDOXDWLRQ RI 1LWURJHQ (ႈFLHQW 0DL]H strategies of Smallholder farmers in semi-arid central Genotypes in Western Ethiopia. International Journal DQGZHVWHUQ=LPEDEZHAfrican Crop Science Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research 6: 217-221. 25: 221-235. 'HEHOH 7 'X 3UHH] && DQG &HURQLR *0  Matikiti, A, Allemann, J, Kujeke, G, Gasura, E, (ႇHFW RI 7LOODJH 6\VWHPV DQG 5HVLGXH 0DQDJHPHQW 0DVHNHVD 7 DQG &KDEDWD ,  1XWULWLRQDO on Penetrometer Resistance of Nitisols under Maize FRPSRVLWLRQRIFRFR\DP &RORFDVLDHVFXOHQWD JURZQ Production in Western Ethiopia. Ethiopia Journal of LQPDQLFDODQGSURYLQFHRI=LPEDEZHAsian Journal of Applied Science and Technology 8: 10-18. Agriculture and Rural Development 7: 48-55. 'LQJDDQ0'LQJDDQ0197VXER0:DONHU6DQG 0HQJLVWX $* 9DQ 5HQVEXUJ /' DQG 0DYLPEHOD 1HZE\ 7  6RLO FKHPLFDO SURSHUWLHV DQG SODQW 66:7KHHႇHFWRIVRLOZDWHUDQGWHPSHUDWXUH species diversity along a rainfall gradient in semi-arid on thermal properties of two soils developed from grassland of South Africa. Plant Ecology and Evolution aeolian sands in South Africa. Catena 158: 184-193.    3DUZDGD&DQG9DQ7RO--/LWWHUTXDOLW\HႇHFWV 'ODPLQL3(8NRK+DND,%9DQ5HQVEXUJ/'DQG'X RQVRLOVWDELOLW\DQGHURGLELOLW\RIVHOHFWHG6RXWK$IULFDQ 3UHH]&&5HGXFWLRQRIHYDSRUDWLRQIURPEDUH soils. Global Advanced Research 6: 181-187. soil using plastic and gravel mulches and assessment of gravel mulch for partitioning evapotranspiration 3DUZDGD & DQG 9DQ7RO--  6WDELOLW\ RI 6RLO under irrigated canola. Soil Research 55: 222-233. Organic Matter and Soil Loss Dynamics under Short- term Soil Moisture Change Regimes. Agrotechnology (]XL . )UDQNH$&$KLDERU %7HWWHK)6RJEHGML 6: 1-8. J, Janssen, B, Mando, A, and Giller, K. 2017. Understanding cassava yield response to soil and 6ZDQHSRHO3+DELJ-'X3UHH]&&6Q\PDQ+$ fertilizer nutrient supply in West Africa. Plant and Soil DQG %RWKD 3  7LOODJH HႇHFWV VRLO TXDOLW\ DQG 420: 331-347. production potential of kikuyu-ryegrass pastures in South Africa. Grass and Forage Science   (]XL . )UDQNH $& /HႇHODDU 3 0DQGR $ 9DQ 321. +HHUZDDUGHQ-6DQDEULD-6RJEHGML-DQG*LOOHU .:DWHUDQGUDGLDWLRQXVHHႈFLHQFLHVH[SODLQ 7IZDOD&09DQ5HQVEXUJ/'6FKDOO50RVLD06 WKHHႇHFWRISRWDVVLXPRQWKHSURGXFWLYLW\RIFDVVDYD and Dlamini, PE. 2017. Precipitation intensity-duration- European Journal of Agronomy 83: 28-39. IUHTXHQF\ FXUYHV DQG WKHLU XQFHUWDLQWLHV IRU *KDDS plateau. Climate Risk Management 16: 1-9. Franke, AC. 2017. A potato model intercomparison across varying climates and productivity levels. Global 7RႇROR0%ULQN-69DQ+X\VVWHHQ&:DQG%HUQD Change Biology   F. 2017. A microstratigraphic re-evaluation of the

46 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 )ORULVEDG VSULQJ VLWH )UHH 6WDWH 3URYLQFH 6RXWK Breaking seed dormancy, improving germination Africa: Formation processes and paleoenvironment. DQG VHHGOLQJ JURZWK LQ SHFDQ > &DU\D LOOLQRHQVLV Geoarchaeology-An International Journal 32: 456-478. :DQJHQK  . .RFK@ &RPELQHG &RQJUHVV .OHLQ .DULED Van Antwerpen, R, Miles, N, and Mthimkhulu, S. 2017. 0DVV DQG FRPSRVLWLRQ RI DVK UHPDLQLQJ LQ WKH ¿HOG Coetzer, GM, and Fouche, HJ. 2017. Genotype x IROORZLQJEXUQLQJRIVXJDUFDQHDWKDUYHVWProc. S. Afri. HQYLURQPHQWDO LQWHUDFWLRQV RI FDFWXV SHDU 2SXQWLD Sug Technol Ass 90: 104-112. )LFXV,QGLFD LQWKHVHPLDULGUHJLRQVRI6RXWK$IULFD IUXLWSURGXFWLRQ,;,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQJUHVVRQ&DFWXV Van Tol, JJ, and Parwada, C. 2017. Soil properties Pear and Cochineal, Chile. LQÀXHQFLQJHURGLELOLW\RIVRLOVLQWKH1WDEHODQJDDUHD Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Acta Agriculturae Coetzer, GM, De Witt, M, Fouche, HJ, and Venter, S. Scandinavica - Section B Soil and Plant Science 67  &OLPDWLF LQÀXHQFHV RQ IUXLW \LHOG TXDOLW\ DQG   VHQVRU\WUDLWVD¿YH\HDUHYDOXDWLRQ,;,QWHUQDWLRQDO Congress on Cactus Pear and Cochineal, Chile. Van Vugt, D, Franke, AC, and Giller, K. 2017. 3DUWLFLSDWRU\ UHVHDUFK WR FORVH WKH VR\EHDQ \LHOG De Wit, M, Coetzer, GM, Fouche, HJ, and Venter, SL. gap on smallholder farms in Malawi. Experimental &OLPDWLFLQÀXHQFHVRQIUXLWTXDOLW\DQGVHQVRU\ Agriculture,    WUDLWV RI FDFWXV SHDU 2 ¿FXVLQGLFD  D ¿YH\HDU HYDOXDWLRQ&RTXLPER&KLOH 9RQ 6SHUEHU & 6WDOOIRUWK 5 'X 3UHH] && DQG Amelung, W. 2017. Changes in soil phosphorus De Wit, M, Du Toit, A, Fouche, HJ, Hugo, A, and SRROV GXULQJ SURORQJHG DUDEOH FURSSLQJ LQ VHPLDULG Venter, SL. 2017. Screening of cladodes from 42 South grasslands. European Journal of Soil Science 68: 462- African spineless cactus pear cultivars for morphology, 471. mucilage yield and mucilage viscosity. International &RQJUHVVRQ&DFWXV3HDUDQG&RFKLQHDO&RTXLPER Conference Contributions Chile. Allemann, I, Cawood, ME, and Allemann, J. 2017. De Wit, M, Du Toit, A, Fouche, HJ, Venter, SL, and Hugo, Allelopathy: Protocol to test Amaranthus cruentus L. on $  5HODWLRQVKLS EHWZHHQ FODGRGH PRUSKRORJ\ OHWWXFHVHHGOLQJV&RPELQHG&RQJUHVV3RVWHU DQGPXFLODJHWUDLWVIURPGLႇHUHQWFDFWXVSHDUFXOWLYDUV .OHLQ.DULED for human food applications. Biennial International Allemann, I, Cawood, ME, and Allemann, J. 2017. Congress of the South African Association of Food Amaranthus cruentus l phytochemical characterization Science and Technology, Cape Town, South Africa. DQGSK\WRWR[LFDFWLYLW\ 2UDO UG$QQXDOFRQIHUHQFH De Wit, M, Fouche, HJ, De Waal, HO, Coetzer, GM, of SAAB, Cape Town, South Africa. and Venter, SL. 2017. Promoting the potential of Allemann, I, Cawood, ME, and Allemann, J. 2017. VSLQHOHVV FDFWXV SHDU 2SXQWLD ¿FXVLQGLFD  DV D (ႇHFW RI WHPSHUDWXUH VWUHVVHG$PDUDQWKXV FUXHQWXV multi-use crop at the Oppermansgronde community in L. residues and extracts on pepper germination and the Free State Province of South Africa. International VHHGOLQJ JURZWK &RPELQHG &RQJUHVV  .OHLQ &RQJUHVVRQ&DFWXV3HDUDQG&RFKLQHDO&RTXLPER .DULED Chile. Allemann, J. 2017. Evaluation of alternative systemic Du Toit, A, De Wit, M, Fouche, HJ, Hugo, A, and KHUELFLGHVIRUYROXQWHHUSRWDWRFRQWURO36$UHVHDUFK 9HQWHU 6/  7KH HႇHFW RI GLHWDU\ RPHJD V\PSRVLXP&OXE0\NDQRV VXSSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI SLJV RQ WKH WHFKQRORJLFDO TXDOLW\ Allemann, J. 2017. Evaluation of mesotrione as a pre- R[LGDWLYHVWDELOLW\DQGVHQVRU\SURSHUWLHVRISRUNEDFN HPHUJHQFH KHUELFLGH WR FRQWURO YROXQWHHU SRWDWRHV EDFRQ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQJUHVV RQ &DFWXV 3HDU DQG &URS/LIH WURSK\ IRU %HVW 3DSHU LQ WKH ¿HOG RI ZHHG &RFKLQHDO&RTXLPER&KLOH VFLHQFH 6$:66  &RPELQHG &RQJUHVV  .OHLQ Du Toit, A, De Wit, M, Fouche, HJ, Hugo, A, and Venter, .DULED SL. 2017. Determination of the functional properties Allemann, J, Peni, ES, Maleka, MF, and De Vos, A. of freeze-dried cactus pear mucilage powder from 2017. Oral - Chloroplast phylogenomics in cactus pear cladodes of four South African cultivars. International 2SXQWLD ¿FXVLQGLFD  &KORURSODVW SK\ORJHQRPLFV LQ &RQJUHVVRQ&DFWXV3HDUDQG&RFKLQHDO&RTXLPER FDFWXVSHDU.OHLQ.DULED Chile. Casales, FG, Coetzer, GM, and Van der Watt, E. 2017. Fouche, HJ, and Coetzer, GM. 2017. Genotype x

47 HQYLURQPHQWDO LQWHUDFWLRQV RI FDFWXV SHDU 2SXQWLD 0DWKLQ\D 91 %DUQDUG -+ DQG 9DQ 5HQVEXUJ /' ¿FXVLQGLFD LQWKHVHPLDULGUHJLRQVRI6RXWK$IULFD  6DOLQLW\ HႇHFWV RQ JUDLQ \LHOG DQG TXDOLW\ RI FODGRGH SURGXFWLRQ ,; ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQJUHVV RQ PDOW EDUOH\ JURZQ RQ LUULJDWHG VKDOORZ JURXQGZDWHU Cactus Pear and Cochineal, Chile. WDEOH VRLOV 3DSHU GHOLYHUHG DW WKH QG 1HZ 9RLFHV 6\PSRVLXPKRVWHGE\&HUHDO6FLHQFHDQG7HFKQRORJ\ Fouche, HJ, Coetzer, GM, De Witt, M, Mavengahama, 6$ &676$ 3UHWRULD6RXWK$IULFD S, and Venter, SL. 2017. Cactus pear’s potential to sustain livestock production in drought-stricken Maleka, MF, De Vos, A, and Coetzer, GM. 2017. areas: a case study of Oppermans community in the ([SORULQJ'1$PHWK\ODWLRQLQWKHFDFWXVSHDU 2SXQWLD )UHH 6WDWH SURYLQFH RI 6RXWK$IULFD ,; ,QWHUQDWLRQDO ¿FXVLQGLFD  JHQRPH $IULFDQ &RPELQHG &RQJUHVV Congress on Cactus Pear and Cochineal, Chile. Bela-Bela, South Africa. Franke, AC, Steyn, J, Van der Waals, J, and Haverkort, Masvodza, DR, Coetzer, GM, and Van der Watt, $7KHQH[XVEHWZHHQZDWHUHQHUJ\DQGODQG E. 2017. Sterilization of Potato Explants for In Vitro XVH HႈFLHQFLHV LQ SRWDWR SURGXFWLRQ LQ 6RXWK$IULFD Propagation. World Academy of science, engineering :DWHU1HW6\PSRVLXP6ZDNRSPXQG1DPLELD and technology conference, Bangkok. Franke, AC, Van den Brand, G, Vanlauwe, B, and Mokgakala, K, De Vos, A, Coetzer, GM, and Maleka, *LOOHU .  6XVWDLQDEOH LQWHQVL¿FDWLRQ WKURXJK MF. 2017. Exploring DNA methylation in the cactus URWDWLRQVZLWKJUDLQOHJXPHVLQVXEVDKDUDQ$IULFDD SHDU 2SXQWLD¿FXVLQGLFD JHQRPH$IULFDQ&RPELQHG review. Bela-Bela. Congress, Bela-Bela, South Africa. *TDODTKD = 9DQ +X\VVWHHQ &: DQG *UXQGOLQJ Mokgakala, K, De Vos, A, Coetzer, GM, and Maleka, A. 2017. Identifying wetland soil properties that are MF. 2017. Exploring DNA methylation in the cactus conducive to the development of Rift Valley Fever. Port SHDU 2SXQWLD ¿FXVLQGLFLD  JHQRPH &RPELQHG (GZDUG1DWLRQDO:HWODQG,QGDED &RQJUHVV.OHLQ.DULED Jaola, KP, and Van Huyssteen, CW. 2017. Glasshouse Peni, ES, Coetzer, GM, Maleka, MF, and De Vos, pot-trial to determine optimal degree of water saturation A. 2017. Chloroplast phylogenomics in cactus pear IRUZHWODQGYHJHWDWLRQ1DWLRQDO:HWODQG,QGDED3RUW 2SXQWLD ¿FXVLQGLFD  &RPELQHG FRQJUHVV .OHLQ Edward. .DULED Jordaan, M, Coetzer, GM, and Allemann, J. 2017. Peni, ES, De Vos, A, Coetzer, GM, and Maleka, MF. Determining planting date of short day onion cultivars 2017. Chloroplast phylogenomics in cactus pear for the production of out of season onions at Adelaide 2SXQWLD ¿FXVLQGLFD  $IULFDQ &RPELQHG &RQJUHVV (DVWHUQ &DSH 6RXWK$IULFD  XVLQJ GLႇHUHQW SODQWLQJ Bela-Bela, South Africa. GDWHV&RPELQHG&RQJUHVV3RVWHU.OHLQ.DULED Phohlo, MP, Kotze, E, and Du Preez, CC. 2017. Jordaan, M, Coetzer, GM, and Allemann, J. 2017. ,QÀXHQFH RI PDQDJHPHQW SUDFWLFHV RQ VRLO RUJDQLF Determining planting date of short day onion cultivars matter indicators under kikuyu, ryegrass and clover for the production of out of season onions at Adelaide pasture mixtures. International Congress on Organic (DVWHUQ&DSH6RXWK$IULFD XVLQJGLႇHUHQWSODQWLQJ Farming, London, United Kingdom. GDWHV&RPELQHG&RQJUHVV.OHLQ.DULED Phohlo, MP, Kotze, E, and Du Preez, CC. 2017. Le Roux, PAL., Van Tol, JJ, and Tinnefeld, M. 2017. ,QÀXHQFH RI PDQDJHPHQW SUDFWLFHV RQ VRLO RUJDQLF Hydropedological interpretation of arid soilscapes, matter indicators under kikuyu, ryegrass and clover South Africa. European Geosciences Union, General pasture mixtures on dairy farms in the Tsitsikamma $VVHPEO\9LHQQD$XVWULD UHJLRQ &RPELQHG &RQJUHVV  RI 6RLO 6FLHQFH Society of South Africa, South African Society of Crop Lorentz, S, Van Tol, JJ, and Le Roux, PAL. 2017. Using Production, South African Society of Horticulture and Hydropedology Surveys to Guide Process Based South African Weed Science Society, Bela-Bela. +\GURORJLFDO0RGHOOLQJLQ6RXWK$IULFD,$+66FLHQWL¿F $VVHPEO\3RUW(OL]DEHWK Sakumona, M, Allemann, J, and Van der Watt, E. 2017. Physiological responses of winter wheat cultivars Lorentz, S, Van Tol, JJ, Le Roux, PAL. 2017. Water XQGHUWZRHFRWRSHV&RPELQHG&RQJUHVV.OHLQ and Solute Flux Simulation Using Hydropedology .DULED Survey Data in South African Catchments. European *HRVFLHQFHV 8QLRQ *HQHUDO $VVHPEO\ 9LHQQD 6DQGKDJH+RIPDQQ$/RႉHU-DQG'X3UHH]&& Austria.  7KH LPSDFW RI PDQDJHPHQW V\VWHPV RQ EXVK

48 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 encroachment and soil properties in savannas of South Van Tol, JJ, Lorentz, S, and Le Roux, PAL. 2017. $IULFD$QQXDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ7URSLFDODQG6XEWURSLFDO Examples of hydropedological applications. 14th Agricultural and Natural Resource Management, Bonn, International Water Association Specialist Conference, Germany. Skukuza, Kruger National Park. 6DQGKDJH+RIPDQQ $ /RႉHU - 'X 3UHH] && Venter, S, Fouche, H, De Wit, M, Mavengahama, S, Kotze, E, Weijers, S, Wundram, D, Zacharias, M, Coetzer, GM, Swart, WJ, and Amonsou, E. 2017. The and Amelung, W. 2017. Rangeland degradation in HႇHFWRIIRVWHULQJSDUWQHUVKLSVRQEURDGHQLQJWKHIRRG savannas of South Africa: spatial patterns of soil and EDVH WKH UROH RI FDFWXV SHDU DQ XQGHUXWLOLVHG FURS vegetation. European Geosciences Union General with unlimited potential, the South African perspective. $VVHPEO\9LHQQD$XVWULD 9th International Congress on Cactus Pear and Cochineal, and the General Meeting of the FAO- Stolk, A, and Van Huyssteen, CW. 2017. Quantitative ICARDA International Cooperation Network on Cactus GLႇHUHQWLDWLRQEHWZHHQSULVPDFXWDQLF%*VRIWSOLQWKLF 3HDUDQGFRFKLQHDO &$&7861(7 &RTXLPER&KLOH B, and E horizons, to aid wetland delineation. National :HWODQG,QGDED3RUW(GZDUG STAFF Swanepoel, PA, Van der Laan, M, Weepener, H, Du Professors: Profs CC du Preez, CW van Huyssteen, Preez, CC, Annandale, J. 2017. Quantifying soil DQG/'YDQ5HQVEXUJ organic matter loss due to cultivation in southern Associate Professors: AC Franke. $IULFD &RPELQHG &RQJUHVV RI WKH 6RLO 6FLHQFH Society of South Africa, South African Society of Crop Senior Lecturers: Drs J Allemann, JH Barnard, GM Production, South African Society of Horticulture Ceronio, GM Coetzer, E Kotzé, E van der Watt, and Sciences and Southern African Weed Science Society, JJ van Tol. Bela-Bela. Lecturers: Dr WA Tesfuhuney, MP Aghoghovwia, L de Van der Watt, E, Pretorius, J, and Allemann, J. 2017. Wet, Messrs AS Steyn, JC Dlamini, and PC Tharaga. $SUHOLPLQDU\VWXG\LPSDFWRIELRVWLPXODQWVRQZKHDW Junior Lecturers: VN Mathinya. XQGHU KHUELFLGH VWUHVV &RPELQHG &RQJUHVV  .OHLQ.DULED $ႈOLDWH3URIHVVRUV Profs JC Pretorius, M Savage, and S Walker. Van Huyssteen, CW. 2017. Glasshouse pot-trial to determine optimal degree of water saturation for $ႈOLDWH$VVRFLDWH3URIHVVRUV Prof R van Antwerpen. wetland vegetation. Port Edward. 6HQLRU2ႈFHU3URIHVVLRQDO6HUYLFHV L Henning and 9DQ5HQVEXUJ/'%DUQDUG-+DQG6WHHQHNDPS' TO Khitsane. ,QIHUULQJVDOWDQGZDWHUGLVWULEXWLRQLQDQLUULJDWHG 2ႈFHU3URIHVVLRQDO6HUYLFHV15DGHEH FURS¿HOGXVLQJHOHFWURPDJQHWLFLQGXFWLRQWHFKQLTXHV 6HQLRU$VVLVWDQW 2ႈFHUV$ 0RႇDW 5 (W]HEHWK DQG 3DSHU GHOLYHUHG DW WKH UG *OREDO 6XPPLW RQ 3ODQW GC van Heerden. Science, Rome, Italy. Technical Assistants: TDD Mavuya, TE Moeti, TG Van Tol, JJ, and Lorentz, S. 2017. Understanding 0RNRHQDDQG(&1WKRED JURXQGZDWHUVXUIDFHZDWHULQWHUDFWLRQVWKURXJKK\GUR SHGRORJLFDOLQWHUSUHWDWLRQVRIVRLOGLVWULEXWLRQSDWWHUQV ,$+66FLHQWL¿F$VVHPEO\3RUW(OL]DEHWK Van Tol, JJ. 2017. Hydropedology: Linking groundwater DQGVXUIDFHZDWHU&RPELQHG&RQJUHVV.OHLQ.DULED

49 %XLOGLQJ6FLHQFHV DEPARTMENT OF Architecture

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV HB Pretorius Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Architecture University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 2332 Fax: +27 51 401 5108 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview 7KHDFDGHPLF\HDUSUHVHQWHGPDQ\FKDOOHQJHVHVSHFLDOO\WKHH[KDXVWLYH ZRUNLQSUHSDUDWLRQRIWKHH[WHUQDOYDOLGDWLRQIRUWKHSURIHVVLRQDOSURJUDPPHV +RZHYHULWZDVRQFHDJDLQDSURGXFWLYH\HDUZLWKPDQ\UHZDUGV7KH6$&$3 &$$ 6RXWK$IULFDQ&RXQFLOIRUWKH$UFKLWHFWXUDO3URIHVVLRQ&RPPRQZHDOWK $VVRFLDWLRQRI$UFKLWHFWV H[WHUQDOYDOLGDWLRQRIWKH$UFKLWHFWXUDO/HDUQLQJ6LWH LQ$SULOZDVDVXFFHVV7KLVYDOLGDWLRQSURFHVVKDSSHQVHYHU\IRXUWRÀYH \HDUVZLWKVHYHUDODVSHFWVEHLQJHYDOXDWHGUDQJLQJIURPFXUULFXOXPFRQWHQW WR VWDII SHUIRUPDQFH 7KH GHSDUWPHQW RQFH DJDLQ UHFHLYHG XQFRQGLWLRQDO YDOLGDWLRQDQGZLOOFRQWLQXHWRGHYHORSWKHKLJKHVWVWDQGDUGVRIDUFKLWHFWXUDO HGXFDWLRQLQOLQHZLWKWKHSDQHOUHFRPPHQGDWLRQV :HKRVWHGWKHWK6RSKLD*UD\0HPRULDOOHFWXUHZLWKWKHÀUP(OSKLFN3URRPH $UFKLWHFWV (3$ SUHVHQWLQJWKHLUOHFWXUH¶(YROXWLRQ·LQWKH.RSDQRQJ$XGLWRULXP 7KHOHFWXUHZDVZHOODWWHQGHGDQGHQMR\HGE\SURIHVVLRQDOVDQGVWXGHQWV7KLV OHFWXUH DOVR VHUYHV DV D &3' FRQWLQXLQJ SURIHVVLRQDO GHYHORSPHQW  HYHQW DQGEHQHÀWVRXUSURIHVVLRQZKLOHDOVRHGXFDWLQJVWXGHQWV7KHDFFRPSDQ\LQJ H[KLELWLRQZDVKRVWHGDWWKH2OLHZHQKXLV$UW0XVHXP

ACHIEVEMENTS 6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV 0$UFK SURIHVVLRQDO  VWXGHQW 6X Elna Bester, received the Free State &RUREULN6WXGHQWRIWKH

51 The third-year BArch students also took up the challenge and competed in the PG Bison design competition; three of our students’ designs were selected as part RI WKH WRS  ¿QDOLVWV 6WHSKDQ 'LHGHULNV DQG KLV OHFWXUHUV=DFN:HVVHOVDQG.REXVGX3UHH]UHFHLYHG WKHDZDUGIRUEHVWGHVLJQDQGWKHRSSRUWXQLW\WRWUDYHO to Milan, Italy, in 2018. The second prize was awarded WR0DUJDX[/RXEVHU $FWLYLWLHV 2XUVHFRQG\HDU%$UFKVWXGHQWVWRXUHGWR.LPEHUOH\ Su-Elna Bester (photo courtesy of Corobrik) where they assisted Dr Gerhard Bosman with research on earth-constructed houses. The students visited 8&7  DQG %HQMDPLQ .ROOHQEHUJ :LWV  (DFK RI WKH .LPEHUOH\ IURP  WR  -XQH RQ WKHLU DQQXDO GHVLJQ WKUHH WRS VWXGHQWV UHFHLYHG D EXUVDU\ RI 5  tour, with the new Sol Plaatje University campus 7KLV\HDUWKH(Q/RJHSURMHFWZDVFRQFHSWXDOLVHGE\ EXLOGLQJVDVRQHRIWKHWRXUVLWHV6WXGHQWVVSHQWPRVW the department, investigating the forgotten voices in of their time conducting a household survey at the Soul science, and the magical realism stories of the Free &LW\KRXVLQJSURMHFWWRLQYHVWLJDWHWKHDFFHSWDELOLW\RI State landscape and the cosmos. The project was RDP housing constructed over the past twelve years. SUHVHQWHG DW WKH %R\GHQ 2EVHUYDWRU\ DQG 6FLHQFH Education Centre. 7KH KRQRXUV VWXGHQWV WRXUHG WR -RKDQQHVEXUJ WR SUHSDUHWKHPIRUWKHLU¿UVWVHPHVWHUGHVLJQSURMHFWV Our postgraduate class competed in additional visiting several art spaces, including Nirox, Arts-on competitions, and BArch Honours students Madeli 0DLQLQ0DERQHQJDQGVSDFHVLQ1HZWRZQ Beyers and Megan van Aarde’s portfolios were VHOHFWHGDVSDUWRIWKH¿YH¿QDOLVWVLQWKH%RRJHUWPDQ -DQ 5DV DQG .REXV GX 3UHH] RUJDQLVHG WKH HYHQWV + Partners SADC architecture competition. around the August architecture activities at the UFS DQG DVVLVWHG ZLWK WKH H[KLELWLRQ RI (OSKLFN 3URRPH Architects’ presentation during the annual Sophia Gray memorial lecture. During the Free State Arts Festival, we hosted our annual Winter School for Grade 11 and 12 learners who are considering a career in architecture. They experienced a taste of the BArch course to help them GHFLGHLIWKH\ZDQWWRSXUVXHWKLVTXDOL¿FDWLRQDWWKH UFS.

Megan Van Aarde (right) and Madeli Beyers (far left) at the Boogertman awards (photo MM bitzer)

Stephan Diederiks and Margaux Loubser from Kovsies (photo by PG Bison)

Sophia Gray exhibiton - Elphick Proome

52 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 RESEARCH Architecture SA: the journal for the South African Institute of Architects. 2XUVWDႇDWWHQGHGORFDODQGLQWHUQDWLRQDOFRQIHUHQFHV DQGSXEOLVKHGVHYHUDODFFUHGLWHGDUWLFOHV 7KHUH LV DQ RQJRLQJ FROODERUDWLRQ EHWZHHQ WKH Departments of Architecture, Art History, and Image Dr Gerhard Bosman travelled to the Himalayas in Studies, as well as the Department of Quantity Northern India where he attended a workshop on Surveying. HDUWKFRQVWUXFWLRQWHFKQLTXHV Postgraduate Students 'U $XUHW VWDUWHG ZRUNLQJ RQ D ERRN VXSSRUWHG E\ 5RXWOHGJH3XEOLVKHUVEDVHGRQKLV3K'OHYHOUHVHDUFK :HDUHEXLOGLQJRQWKHVXFFHVVRIWKUHH3K'JUDGXDWHV on 1RUEHUJ6FKXO]DQG+HLGHJJHU in 2015, with a strong cohort of postgraduate students in the higher degree programmes. PhD candidate, 3URI-RQDWKDQ1REOHKDVDOVRHQJDJHGZLWKDERRNRQ Yolanda van der Vyver, presented at the 11th annual the work of architect Peter Rich, while supervising the 6$-$+FRQIHUHQFHDQG:DQGD9HUVWHUSXEOLVKHGRQ PhD in Architecture with Design academic programme. her ongoing research. %RWKKHDQG.REXVGX3UHH]SUHVHQWHGSDSHUVDWWKH 11th annual SAJAH conference in Cape Town on 10 We have registered a new higher degree programme and 11 August. The conference investigated the theme ZKLFKLVRSHQIRUHQUROPHQWLQRႇHULQJDXQLTXH µFUDIWREMHFWSHRSOH¶ opportunity for design professionals to earn a PhD in &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH Architecture with Design, using their practice expertise. /DUJHO\ IRXQGHG RQ D VLPLODU SURJUDPPH LQLWLDWHG E\ +HLQ5DXEHQKHLPHUDQG'U*HUKDUG%RVPDQFRQWLQXHG 50,7LQ$XVWUDOLDWKH8)6LVWKH¿UVW$IULFDQXQLYHUVLW\ with the project: Construction of an experimental to host a programme of this nature. Prof Jonathan private dwelling in Phase 9, Mangaung. Students from 1REOHODLGWKHDFDGHPLFIRXQGDWLRQVIRUWKHQHZ3K' DFURVV WKH GLႇHUHQW SURJUDPPHV ZHUH HQWKXVLDVWLF with specialisation in Design. The module ‘Thesis in DERXWWKHLULQYROYHPHQWRQVLWH $UFKLWHFWXUH ZLWK 'HVLJQ¶ $5&'  ZKLFK VHUYHV The workshop in the Earth Unit is also up and this new PhD study plan, was approved via the relevant UXQQLQJ LQ RXU EXLOGLQJ DQG VWXGHQWV FDQ DSSO\ WKHLU university committees. We are excited to start this new knowledge practically and experiment with materials. and innovative doctoral programme in 2018. These experiments are also applied practically at the experimental dwelling project. STAFF MATTERS 7KH (DUWK 8QLW FRQWLQXHG ZLWK LWV UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV DV 9DOHQWLQR0RXW]RXULVDSUDFWLFLQJDUFKLWHFWZLWK&XEH D 81(6&2 (DUWK $UFKLWHFWXUH PHPEHU VHUYLQJ LQ Architects, was appointed as a contract lecturer in CAD WKHVFLHQWL¿FFRPPLWWHHVRILQWHUQDWLRQDOFRQIHUHQFHV GUDZLQJWHFKQLTXHVWUDQVIHUULQJKLVWHFKQLFDOVNLOOVWR KRVWHGE\81(6&2SDUWQHUV second-year BArch students. Programme director, Jako Olivier, took the initiative :H DOVR ZHOFRPHG 3URI -RQDWKDQ 1REOH DQ 15) WR ODXQFK D EXUVDU\ IXQG IRU GHVHUYLQJ $UFKLWHFWXUH rated researcher, lecturer, and SAIA Merit Award students. This fund was launched along with the 29th winner, to Bloemfontein. He is involved in the 6RSKLD*UD\0HPRULDOOHFWXUHRႇHULQJDEUHDNIDVWIRU %$UFK+RQV SURJUDPPH LQ 'HVLJQ '(61  alumni and friends of the department. 'HVLJQ DQG 5HVHDUFK 0HWKRGV 50(7  higher GHJUHHSURJUDPPHVDQGPRVWQRWDEO\WKHQHZ3K'LQ 1DWLRQDODQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ROODERUDWLRQ Architecture with Design. Dr Hendrik Auret serves on the Permit Committee DQG.REXVGX3UHH]RQWKH&RXQFLORIWKe Free State RESEARCH OUTPUTS 3URYLQFLDO+HULWDJH5HVRXUFHV$JHQF\ )63+5$  5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV Dr Gerhard Bosman serves on the Municipal aesthetic Atkins, C. 2017. Transforming the architecture of committee for Mangaung Metro. He also serves as death: monument vs. Anti-monument. South African UNESCO Chair: Earthen architecture, construction Journal of Art History    DQG VXVWDLQDEOH GHYHORSPHQW DQG KHDds the Earth Unit. Bosman, G. 2017. Ownership and care in culturally VLJQL¿FDQW DUFKLWHFWXUH 7KUHH FDVH VWXGLHV. Acta Wanda Verster continues to work with Uppsala Structilia.    8QLYHUVLW\ FRQWDFWV LQ 6ZHGHQ WR SURPRWH SRVVLEOH FROODERUDWLRQ 6KH DOVR FKDLUHG WKH 6ZHGHQ6RXWK Du Preez, JL. 2017. To have a roof over one’s head. African University Forum academic advice committee South African Journal of Art History.    for the cities in the 21st century group as part of the 1REOH -$  /LNH D )LVK LQ :DWHU WKH VPRRWK planning for the 2018 event. Furthermore, from August K\EULGVRI-DFNVRQ+OXQJZDQLSouth African Journal  VKH VHUYHV RQ WKH HGLWRULDO DGYLVRU\ ERDUG RI of Art History.   

53 Peters, WH. 2017. Competitions, politics and the Professors:3URI-$1REOH production of modern architecture: Jack Barnett’s Free Senior Lecturers: JL du Preez, MM Bitzer, A Wagener, State oeuvre. South African Journal of Art History. Dr G Bosman.    Lecturers: -+ 1HO -: 5DV + 5DXEHQKHLPHU =* 9DQ GHU 9\YHU <  &UDIWLQJ XUEDQ VSDFH ZLWK Wessels. 3UHWRULD¶V &KXUFK 6TXDUH DV DQ H[DPSOH South African Journal of Art History.    Junior Lecturers: JI Olivier, DPG van der Merwe. Verster, W, Bysell, L, and Magnusson, A. 2017. Contract Lecturers: K Salzmann-McDonald, V 3RVWDSDUWKHLG UHFRQFLOLDWLRQ WKURXJK EXLOGLQJV $ Moutzouris, J Mitchell, J Deetlefts. FRPSDULVRQ EHWZHHQ WZR 6RXWK $IULFDQ PXVHXPV $ႈOLDWH$VVRFLDWH3URIHVVRUV Prof JD Smit. Tidskrift för ABM: Uppsala University   Research Associates: MY le Roux. &KDSWHUVLQ%RRNV Research Fellow: Prof emer. WH Peters. 1REOH-$:KDWLVDGHVLJQWKHVLV"10 years 100 projects: Architecture in a Democratic South Africa. Postdoc: Dr HA Auret. -RXEHUW2>HG@%HOO5REHUWV&DSH7RZQSS Secretary: Y Pretorius. Olivier, JI. 2017. Introduction: University of the $VVLVWDQW2ႈFHUSURIHVVLRQDOVHUYLFHV W Verster. Free State. 10 years 100 projects: Architecture in a Democratic South Africa-RXEHUW2>HG@%HOO5REHUWV $VVLVWDQW2ႈFHU LT Kewsa, Z Bronkhorst. Cape Town. pp.12-14. Messenger: TJ Mohatlane. STAFF Academic Head of Department: HB Pretorius.

54 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 55 DEPARTMENT OF Quantity Surveying and Construction Management

Contact Details 3URI..DMLPR6KDNDQWX Department of Quantity Surveying and Construction Management University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa Telephone: Fax: Email:.DMLPR6KDNDQWX.#XIVDF]D Website:ZZZXIVDF]D 2017 Overview

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

ACHIEVEMENTS Prof Kajimo-Shakantu was elected Chairperson of the Heads Forum of the Association of Schools of 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV &RQVWUXFWLRQRI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD $62&6$ DWWKHWK Prof Kahilu Kajimo-Shakantu, with her master’s degree Built Environment Conference. He also served as student, Bonisile Ngxito, won the Best Paper Award at DQDFFUHGLWDWLRQSDQHOPHPEHUIRUWKH6RXWK$IULFDQ the Association of Schools of Construction of Southern Council for Project and Construction Management $IULFD¶V $62&6$ WK%XLOW(QYLURQPHQW&RQIHUHQFH 3URIHVVLRQV 6$&3&03  LQ'XUEDQ 6HYHQ VWDႇ PHPEHUV DWWHQGHG WKH WK %XLOW (QYLURQPHQW FRQIHUHQFH KHOG LQ 'XUEDQ IURP  WR  August 2017. They were: Prof K Kajimo-Shakantu, M-M Els, T Bremer, P Oosthuizen, H du Plessis, C )HUUHLUDDQG1;KDOD

Prof K Kajimo-Shakantu (Best Paper Award recipient)

Pierre Oosthuizen was voted as the Best Lecturer for 2017 in the category Student Engagement and From the left: JC de Lange (former UFS student), P Learning in the Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Oosthuizen, H du Plessis, C Ferreira, T Bremer, M-M Els, 6FLHQFHVDVDQQRXQFHGRQ)HEUXDU\ and Prof K Kajimo-Shakantu

&DPHURQ )HUUHLUD DQG +HQGUL GX 3OHVVLV ZHUH ERWK awarded MSc Quantity Surveying degrees. 6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV G Bothma, a third-year student, was the recipient of the Association of South African Quantity Surveyors $6$46 )XWXUH/HDGHUVDZDUG  -7KDWFKHUDQ honours student, was runner-up for the ASAQS Gold 0HGDO$ZDUG  

Prof K Kajimo-Shakantu (left) and Pierre Oosthuizen (right: Best Lecturer recipient)

57 Quantity Surveying and Construction Management 3rd-year site visit C Ferreira (UFS lecturer), J Thatcher (ASAQS Future Leaders award recipient), Dr S Ramabodu (UFS part-time lecturer), G Bothma (runner-up for the ASAQS Gold Medal activities included computer-aided training, site visits, Award), P Oosthuizen (UFS lecturer). DQGPDQXIDFWXUHUV¶GHPRQVWUDWLRQRIYDULRXVEXLOGLQJ 6SHFLDO$FKLHYHPHQWV material. The South African Council for Project and Construction Formal Student Event 0DQDJHPHQW 3URIHVVLRQV 6$&3&03  JUDQWHG WKH In association with the department, the student GHSDUWPHQW IXOO DFFUHGLWDWLRQ IRU ¿YH \HDUV IURP -DQ representatives hosted a formal event at the UFS 2018 to Dec 2022 in respect of three programmes: BSc &HQWHQDU\+DOO:HDOVRKRVWHGDEUHDNIDVWIXQFWLRQ Construction Management, BScHons Construction for the Honours class of 2017 at the Oliewenhuis Art Management, and the Master of Land and Property Museum, where we gave students personalised hard Development Management Programme. The South hats. African Council for the Property Valuers Profession 6$&393  JUDQWHG FRQGLWLRQDO DFFUHGLWDWLRQ IRU RESEARCH the Master of Land and Property Development &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH Management Programme. Both councils were 2XU VWDႇ DQG VWXGHQWV HPEDUNHG RQ D FRPPXQLW\ pleased with the department and highlighted several service project at the Wonderland Pre-Primary School commendations regarding the institution, department, in May 2017. This initiative gave our students an DQGSURJUDPPHVRႇHUHG opportunity to learn new things and apply existing VNLOOV DFTXLUHG GXULQJ VWXG\LQJ $FWLYLWLHV LQFOXGHG painting and making items for children to play with, WKHUHE\FRQWULEXWLQJWRHDUO\FKLOGKRRGHGXFDWLRQDQG development.

$FWLYLWLHV Site visits for students During the year, students undertook several site visits to provide them with exposure to construction-related activities aimed at enhancing their classroom learning experiences. Winter school 2XU¿UVWµ:LQWHUVFKRRO¶JLYLQJVWXGHQWVPRUHSUDFWLFDO exposure opportunities through invited industry and Quantity Surveying and Construction Management students academic guests, took place in June. Some of the at the Wonderland Pre-Primary School

58 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Postgraduate Students 'XUEDQ6RXWK$IULFDSS 7HQ  VWXGHQWVFRPSOHWHGWKH0DVWHURI/DQGDQG Oosthuizen, PM. 2017. Multilingualism in a Monolingual Property Development Management programme and South African Built Environment. Paper delivered at will graduate in June 2018. One student completed the 11th Built Environment Conference – Association a PhD in Construction Management and will also of Schools of Construction of Southern Africa, 6-8 graduate in June 2018. $XJXVW'XUEDQ6RXWK$IULFDSS STAFF MATTERS Greyling, C, and Kajimo-Shakantu, K. 2017. Industry perceptions on cost implications of going green in )RXU QHZ VWDႇ PHPEHUV MRLQHG RXU GHSDUWPHQW sustainable human settlements. Paper delivered at the comprising three lecturers: C Ferreira, TL van 11th Built Environment Conference – Association of 6FKDONZ\N DQG $+ 'HDFRQ DQG RQH VXSSRUW VWDႇ Schools of Construction of Southern Africa, 6-8 August PHPEHU 7+ 0RJRURVL :H DOVR ELG WKUHH OHFWXUHUV 'XUEDQ6RXWK$IULFDSS farewell who resigned: Drs T Froise and B Zulch, and .7VKZDQHDVZHOODVRQHVXSSRUWVWDႇPHPEHU* Ngxito, B, and Kajimo-Shakantu, K. 2017. Perceptions Mosala. and experiences regarding the use of alternative building technologies in school infrastructure in the RESEARCH OUTPUTS Eastern Cape Province. Paper delivered at the 11th 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV Built Environment Conference – Association of Schools of Construction of Southern Africa, 6-8 August 2017, Peer-reviewed Journal Articles (DoE-accredited) 'XUEDQ6RXWK$IULFDSS ;KDOD1&1HPHF-DQG.DMLPR6KDNDQWX. Bremer, T, De Lange, JC, Froise, T, and Els, M. 2017. 3XEOLF 3ULYDWH 3DUWQHUVKLS 3URMHFWV 7KH 6ROXWLRQ The Glass is always greener on the other side: A WR /LPLWHG 3XEOLF )LQDQFH IRU 3XEOLF ,QIUDVWUXFWXUH Case Study between two residential projects. Paper Investments. $IULFDQ-RXUQDORI3XEOLF$௺DLUV   delivered at the 11th Built Environment Conference 78. – Association of Schools of Construction of Southern Peer-reviewed Journal Articles (Non-DoE-accredited) $IULFD$XJXVW'XUEDQ6RXWK$IULFDSS 742. ;KDOD1&1HPHF-DQG.DMLPR6KDNDQWX. The Breadth of Success and Failure Factors with PPPs %UHPHU 7 .QREHO / DQG (OV 0  Feasibility Implementation. European Financial and Accounting of active design. Paper delivered at the 11th Built Journal    Environment Conference – Association of Schools of Construction of Southern Africa, 6-8 August 2017, &KDSWHUVLQ%RRNV 'XUEDQ6RXWK$IULFDSS Du Preez, OCR. 2017. Court-connected mediation in STAFF South Africa. Court-Connected Construction Mediation Practice: A Comparative International Review, (Eds.). Head of Department: Prof K Kajimo-Shakantu. $JDSLRX$DQG,OWHU'$$ELQJGRQ(QJODQG Senior Lecturer: Dr B Zulch. Conference Contributions Lecturers: Dr T Froise, PM Oosthuizen, M-M Els, T 9XNHOD5.DMLPR6KDNDQWX.DQG;KDOD1& %UHPHU(-DFREV7/YDQ6FKDONZ\N$+'HDFRQ Improving Construction Project Performance in the Junior Lecturers: H du Plessis, R Seedat, C Ferreira, South African Public Sector. Paper delivered at the K Tshwane. 11th Built Environment Conference – Association of Schools of Construction of Southern Africa, 6-8 August Research Assistant: 1;KDOD 'XUEDQ6RXWK$IULFDSS Secretary: E van der Walt. Du Plessis, HB, and Oosthuizen, PM. 2017. Building 2ႈFHU3URIHVVLRQDO6HUYLFHV M Roux, TH Mogorosi. Contracts, a method to manage construction processes: 6HQLRU $VVLVWDQW 2ႈFHU M Sepheka, G Mosala, O A South African perspective. Paper delivered at the Litheko. 11th Built Environment Conference – Association of Schools of Construction of Southern Africa, 6-8 August Typist Clerk: S Olivier.

59 DEPARTMENT OF 8UEDQDQG 5HJLRQDO3ODQQLQJ

Contact Details 0DOpQH&DPSEHOO Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Urban and Regional Planning University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa Telephone: Fax: Email:FDPSEHPP#XIVDF]D Website:ZZZXIVDF]D 2017 Overview 7KH 'HSDUWPHQW RI 8UEDQ DQG 5HJLRQDO 3ODQQLQJ H[FHOOHG LQ  LQ WKH DUHDVRIIXQGLQJDQGVWUHQJWKHQLQJLQWHUQDWLRQDOFROODERUDWLRQV7KH1DWLRQDO ,QVWLWXWHIRUWKH+XPDQLWLHVDQG6RFLDO6FLHQFHVDOORFDWHG5WR7KXOLVLOH 0SKDPEXNHOL·VUHVHDUFKWHDPIRUKRVWLQJD%5,&6FOXVWHUZRUNVKRS²DSURMHFW RI ZKLFK .JRVL 0RFZDJDH LV DOVR D FROODERUDWRU 7KH :RUOG $FDGHP\ RI 6FLHQFHV 7:$6 DQGWKH'HXWVFKH)RUVFKXQJVJHPHLQVFKDIW ')* DZDUGHG 'U0SKDPEXNHOLD7:$6')*&RRSHUDWLRQ9LVLWWRWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI.RQVWDQ]DW WKHHQGRI 6WXDUW'HQRRQ6WHYHQVLVWKHSULPDU\LQYHVWLJDWRU 3, RIWKHPLOOLRQ*%56RXWK $IULFDQ 3ODQQLQJ (GXFDWLRQ 5HVHDUFK 6$3(5  SURMHFW 7KLV SURMHFW LV MRLQWO\ IXQGHG E\ WKH (FRQRPLF DQG 6RFLDO 5HVHDUFK &RXQFLO (65&  LQ WKH 8QLWHG .LQJGRP 8.  DQG WKH 1DWLRQDO 5HVHDUFK )RXQGDWLRQ LQ 6RXWK $IULFD·V 15)  1HZWRQFDOOIRUFROODERUDWLYHUHVHDUFKRQKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQLQ6RXWK$IULFD7KH 3,IURPWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI%LUPLQJKDPLQWKH8.LV'U/DXUHQ$QGUHV7KLVUHVHDUFK GUDZV XSRQ WKH K\SRWKHVLV WKDW DQ LQFUHDVHG IRFXV RQ WKH *OREDO 6RXWK LQ WHDFKLQJDQGWUDLQLQJZLOOFUHDWHPRUHVRFLDOO\LQFOXVLYHRXWFRPHV'HYHORSLQJ DFULWLFDODQGUHÁHFWLYHXQGHUVWDQGLQJRISRVWFRORQLDO3ODQQLQJRIHGXFDWLRQLQ 6RXWK$IULFDDQGPRUHZLGHO\LQ$IULFDLVFUXFLDOWRHVWDEOLVKLQJWKHLPSRUWDQFH RIWKH3ODQQLQJGLVFLSOLQHLQFRQVLGHULQJDSSURSULDWHWRROVDQGSROLF\WRDGGUHVV DQGDOOHYLDWHSRYHUW\3URI9HUQD1HOLVDOVRFROODERUDWLQJRQWKHSURMHFW 6WXDUW'HQRRQ6WHYHQVVXFFHVVIXOO\VHFXUHGD1DWLRQDO5HVHDUFK)RXQGDWLRQ 15)  7KXWKXND JUDQW IRU KLV WKUHH\HDU 3K' UHVHDUFK RQ ¶7RZDUGV WKH GHYHORSPHQWRIDQDOJRULWKPLFDSSURDFKWRLQIRUPDOVHWWOHPHQWXSJUDGLQJLQ 6RXWK$IULFDQFLWLHV· 7KH6RXWK$IULFDQ&LWLHV1HWZRUN 6$&1 FRQWDFWHGDOOVL[RIRXUOHFWXUHUVIRUD UHSRUWRQLQWHUPHGLDWHFLWLHV2XUUHVHDUFKKDGWKUHHEURDGDLPV  WRGHVFULEH WKH QDWXUH RI VSDWLDO FKDQJHV LQ WKH FDVHVWXG\ DUHDV DQG WR LGHQWLI\ WKH PHFKDQLVPVWKDWWHQGWRLQÁXHQFHWKLVFKDQJH  WRHYDOXDWHWKHTXDOLW\DQG DELOLW\RI6')VDVDSROLF\PHFKDQLVPWRFUHDWHFKDQJH  WRDVVHVVZKHWKHU LQWHUPHGLDWH FLWLHV UHTXLUH D GLIIHUHQWLDWHG DSSURDFK WR VSDWLDO SODQQLQJ $UH LQWHUPHGLDWH FLWLHV GLIIHUHQW"  (OHYHQ FDVH VWXGLHV ZHUH FRPSOHWHG 'UDNHQVWHLQ .LQJ 6DEDWD 'DOLQG\HER /HSKDODOH 0DWMKDEHQJ 0ERPEHOD 0DKLNHQJ 0VXQGX]L 3RORNZDQH 5XVWHQEXUJ 6RO 3ODDWMH DQG 6WHOOHQERVFK The following staff members researched the following case studies: 0VXQGX]L²'U7KXOOLVLOH0SKDPEXNHOL 0ERPEHOD²'U0DOpQH&DPSEHOO 0DKLNHQJ²3URI9HUQD1HO 0DWMKDEHQJ²6WXDUW'HQRRQ6WHYHQV 6RO3ODDWMH²7KRPDV6WHZDUW /HSKDODOH².JRVL0RFZDJDH

ACHIEVEMENTS LQWHUYDUVLW\KXPDQVHWWOHPHQWVVWXGHQWFROORTXLXPDQG induction session in East London from 19 to 21 May 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV 2017. The Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University 3URI 6LMHNXOD 0EDQJD WKH &KDLU IRU (GXFDWLRQ LQ hosted the intervarsity on Human Settlements Human Settlements Development, invited Thomas 6WXGHQW &ROORTXLXP DQG ,QGXFWLRQ 6HVVLRQ WKDW ZDV Stewart to give a presentation and participate in the convened with the support of the Department of

61 Human Settlements. Students and lecturers from LQ

Kgosi Mocwagae delivered a presentation in Bloemfontein at the provincial Spatial Planning and Land Use Management (SPLUM) forum on water management in Qwa Qwa. From left to right Anastasia Hanana and Danie Schoeman alumni of our department and employees at the Department of Rural Development and Land Reform (DRDLR) with Mocwagae

$FWLYLWLHV Mischka Jacobus in Portland Oregon, USA where she 7KH VHFRQG $IULFDQ 8UEDQ 3ODQQLQJ &RQIHUHQFH presented a paper on her Master’s mini-dissertation research entitled ‘Encouraging inclusive communities ZDV KHOG LQ /LVERQ 3RUWXJDO RQ  DQG  6HSWHPEHU through zoning reform’ at the 53rd International Society of ,WZDVKRVWHGE\WKH,QVWLWXWHRI*HRJUDSK\DQG City and Regional Planners (ISOCARP)/ Oregon Chapter 6SDWLDO 3ODQQLQJ ,*27  8QLYHUVLW\ RI /LVERQ DQG of the American Planning Association (OAPA) Smart Communities Conference in Portland in the United States of the International Planning History Society. Prof Verna America (USA) 1HODQGDGRFWRUDOVWXGHQW0DUWLQ/HZLV ZKRLVDOVR

62 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 the CEO of the South African Council for Planners - ¿QGLQJVDQGSURSRVDOV7KHVWXGHQWVJDLQHG¿UVWKDQG 6$&3/$1 VXEPLWWHGWZRDEVWUDFWVDQGFRQVHTXHQWO\ experience on how to engage with communities and SUHVHQWHGWZRSDSHUV7KH¿UVWZDVRQWKH6WDQGDUGV PXQLFLSDORႈFLDOV7KH\ZHUHHQDEOHGE\NQRZOHGJH DQG&RPSHWHQFLHVSURFHVVXQGHUWDNHQE\6$&3/$1 of regional development and assessed local economic DQG WKH VHFRQG WKH UHVLOLHQFH RI WKH 8UEDQ DQG development opportunities along the N8-corridor Regional Planning profession over the past century. EHWZHHQ0DQJDXQJDQG0DVHUX Both papers were well received, and Martin Lewis and Planning enhances opportunities for people, strives Prof Nel were asked to chair parallel sessions, which towards justice of space, and addresses economic were a success. Their attendance at the conference resilience. Town planners must join local insights with ZDVIXQGHGE\WKH6RXWK$IULFDQ3ODQQLQJ(GXFDWLRQ WKHLU SURIHVVLRQDO WHFKQLTXHV LQ D FROOHFWLYH DWWHPSW 5HVHDUFKSURMHFW 6$3(5 WKH15)DQG(65& WR LPSURYH SODFH TXDOLWLHV 'U 0DOpQH &DPSEHOO Stuart Denoon-Stevens presented a paper ‘Law and instructed the 23 students registered for the Applied WKH 1HZ 8UEDQ $JHQGD¶ RQ WKH WRSLF RI HPEHGGLQJ 8UEDQ 3ODQQLQJ 3URMHFW 8583  LQ  WR normative concerns into planning law, during the 4th identify interventions that could improve the lives of $QQXDO ,QWHUQDWLRQDO DQG &RPSDUDWLYH 8UEDQ /DZ the residents of Nketoana Local Municipality, which &RQIHUHQFHDWWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI&DSH7RZQ 8&7 LQ LQFOXGHV WKH WRZQV RI $UOLQJWRQ/HUDWVZDQD /LQGOH\ July. He also presented at the Centre for Regional and Ntha, Petrus SWH\Q0DPDIXEHGXDQG5HLW]3HWVDQD 8UEDQ,QQRYDWLRQDQG6WDWLVWLFDO([SORUDWLRQ &58,6(  7KHVWXGHQWVIRUPHG¿YHJURXSV7KH¿UVWIRXUJURXSV 6WDWLVWLFV 6RXWK $IULFD 8UEDQ DQG 5HJLRQDO 6FLHQFH each focused on one of the following four towns Conference 2017, on the potential of decision-making in Nketoana: Reitz, Arlington, Lindley, and Petrus support tools for the assessment of land development 6WH\QZKLOHWKH¿IWKJURXSFRPELQHGWKHGUDIW6SDWLDO applications of low-income settlements in South Africa. 'HYHORSPHQW)UDPHZRUNV 6')V RIWKRVHIRXUJURXSV RESEARCH into one SDF for Nketoana. The Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, ,VVXHVDVZHOODVDMRLQWYLVLRQZHUHLGHQWL¿HGGXULQJ together with the Deputy Vice-Chancellor’s consultation sessions with the local role players. Interdisciplinary Research Grant, funded mining-town Elma Barker, a town planner at the Free State research on eMalahleni. Research partners in this &R*7$ &RRSHUDWLYH *RYHUQDQFH DQG 7UDGLWLRQDO project are the University of Pretoria, the North-West $ႇDLUV LQWURGXFHGWKHVWXGHQWVWRWKHWRZQSODQQHUV University, the UFS Centre for Development Support, at Nketoana Local Municipality, while Eddie Scott, and the Department of Economics. Investigators from Adjunct Director at FS CoGTA, evaluated the students’ WKHGHSDUWPHQWDUH'U0DOpQH&DPSEHOO JUDQWKROGHU  SDF for Nketoana. Interviews were conducted with 6WXDUW 'HQRRQ6WHYHQV 3ULPDU\ ,QYHVWLJDWRU  3URI WKH7RZQ3ODQQHU6HWMKDED1KODSRWKH,'30DQDJHU Verna Nel, and Thomas Stuart. Routledge accepted a 6WHSKDQLH9HQWHUDQGRWKHURႈFLDOVDW1NHWRDQDDV ERRNSURSRVDORQWKHH0DODKOHQLUHVHDUFK ZHOO DV UHVLGHQWV DQG EXVLQess owners. A draft SDF IRUHDFKWRZQDVZHOODVDFRPELQHG6')IRr the local &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH PXQLFLSDOLW\ ZHUH SUHVHQWHG WR D &R*7$ RႈFLDO RQ 'U 7KXOLVLOH 0SKDPEXNHOL DQG .JRVL 0RFZDJDH RXUFDPSXVDQGZLOOEHGLVFXVVHGZLWKWKH1NHWRDQD accompanied the master’s degree students on a RႈFHEHDUHUV5HFLSURFDONQRZOHGJHVKDULQJEHWZHHQ ¿HOG WULS ZLWK WKH DLP RI GHWHUPLQLQJ WKH YLDELOLW\ WKH VWXGHQWV DQG WKH FRPPXQLW\ HPSRZHUHG ERWK RI D GHYHORSPHQW D[LV DORQJ WKH 1 URDG EHWZHHQ parties. Bloemfontein and Maseru. The exercise commenced 1DWLRQDODQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ROODERUDWLRQ with an educational tour of the Mangaung townships in Bloemfontein, and to the earmarked central location The department hosted Dr Suzanne Speak from the of the Airport Development Node. Students were then University of Newcastle, who has visited us annually introduced to the economic and social complexities since 2015. We are grateful to the Postgraduate RI%RWVKDEHORDQG7KDED¶1FKXZLWKWKHWULSHQGLQJ School for covering Dr Speak’s travel costs. She LQ /HVRWKR 7KH ¿UVW VWRS ZDV DW WKH 0DVHUX &LW\ presented various research workshops to our master’s Council, where the Chief Town Planner, Palesa Lekau, and PhD students, as well as a workshop on Research an alumnus of the Department of Town and Regional Supervision for the Postgraduate School. Planning, UFS, addressed the students. Before Postgraduate Students returning to Bloemfontein, they visited industrial and UHVLGHQWLDODUHDVLQWKHFLW\2ႈFLDOVRIWKH0DQJDXQJ The South African Planning Institute’s Planning Africa Metropolitan Municipality and consulting town planners FRQIHUHQFHDFFHSWHGWKHDEVWUDFWVRIWKHIROORZLQJ¿YH were invited to attend presentations of the students’ VWXGHQWVWREHSUHVHQWHGDWWKHELDQQXDOFRQIHUHQFH

63 LQ&DSH7RZQ7KDER.KRRNKRR0XQHWWH/RPEDDUG &RQWUDFWUHVHDUFKSXEOLVKHGUHSRUWV Grace Maanda, Nicholas Muleya, and Carolyn &DPSEHOO 0  0ERPEHOD ,Q 0DUDLV / DQG 'X Reynolds. 3OHVVLV' (GV Spatial STAFF MATTERS 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ $UH ,QWHUPHGLDWH &LWLHV 'L௺HUHQW" 7KUHH RI RXU VL[ SHUPDQHQW WHDFKLQJ VWDႇ PHPEHUV -RKDQQHVEXUJ6RXWK$IULFDQ&LWLHV ZHUH SURPRWHG LQ  'U 7KXOLVLOH 0SKDPEXNHOL 1HWZRUN$YDLODEOHIURPwww.sacities.net. was promoted to Senior Lecturer, and Stuart Denoon- Stevens and Kgosi Mocwagae were promoted to 'HQRRQ6WHYHQV 6  0DWMKDEHQJ ,Q 0DUDLV / Lecturer. DQG'X3OHVVLV' (GV). Spatial

$ERQJLOH 0JZHOH ZKR KROGV D PDVWHU¶V GHJUHH LQ 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ $UH ,QWHUPHGLDWH &LWLHV 'L௺HUHQW" 8UEDQ and Regional Planning, joined the department -RKDQQHVEXUJ6RXWK$IULFDQ&LWLHV DV6HQLRU$VVLVWDQW2ႈFHUZKHQ$QWRLQHWWH1HOOHIWWR take up a position with consulting planners. 1HWZRUN$YDLODEOHIURPwww.sacities.net. RESEARCH OUTPUTS Denoon-Stevens, SP and Nel, V. 2017. Proactive upzoning of land in TOD developments to promote 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV XUEDQ UHJHQHUDWLRQ LQ 6RXWK $IULFDQ FLWLHV ,Q 6RXWK Barnes, AP, and Nel, VJ. 2017. Putting Spatial African Cities Network, The Urban Land Papers Series Resilience into Practice. Urban Forum   Volume 2: A transit-orientated development lens: 41- &DPSEHOO01HO9DQG0SKDPEXNHOL77KH 53. governance and spatial planning challenges of a Denoon-Stevens, SP, Charman, A, Tonkin, C, and WKULYLQJHFRQRP\EDVHGRQQRQUHQHZDEOHUHVRXUFHV 'HPHHVWpUH53RVWDSDUWKHLGVSDWLDOLQHTXDOLW\ within a local government under Administration: REVWDFOHVRIODQGXVHPDQDJHPHQWRQWRZQVKLSPLFUR WKH FDVH RI :LWEDQN 6RXWK$IULFD Land Use Policy Journal. 62: 223-231. HQWHUSULVH IRUPDOL]DWLRQ 6XVWDLQDEOH /LYHOLKRRGV Foundation: online. Rapelang, T, Nel, V, and Stewart, T. 2017. Exercising WKHULJKWWRDFFHVVDGHTXDWHKRXVLQJLQ-RH0RURORQJ Mocwagae, K. 2017. Lephalale. In Marais, L and Du Local Municipality, Rural South Africa. Journal of 3OHVVLV' (GV Spatial Housing and the Built Environment: 1-20. 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ $UH ,QWHUPHGLDWH &LWLHV 'L௺HUHQW" Conference Contributions -RKDQQHVEXUJ6RXWK$IULFDQ&LWLHV

Denoon-Stevens, SP. 2017. The use of decision- 1HWZRUN$YDLODEOHIURPwww.sacities.net. making support tools for the assessment of land development applications of low-income settlements 0SKDPEXNHOL70VXQGX]L,Q0DUDLV/DQG'X in South Africa: an exploration of their potential. Paper 3OHVVLV' (GV). Spatial delivered at the 3rd Biannual Centre for Regional 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ $UH ,QWHUPHGLDWH &LWLHV 'L௺HUHQW" DQG 8UEDQ ,QQRYDWLRQ DQG 6WDWLVWLFDO ([SORUDWLRQ -RKDQQHVEXUJ6RXWK$IULFDQ&LWLHV &58,6(  8UEDQ DQG 5HJLRQDO 6FLHQFH &RQIHUHQFH DW6WHOOHQERVFK6RXWK$IULFD 1HWZRUN$YDLODEOHIURPwww.sacities.net. Denoon-Stevens, SP. 2017. Translating normative Nel, V. 2017. Mahikeng. In Marais, L and Du Plessis, concerns into law: an exploration within thH ¿HOG RI ' (GV Spatial land development regulation. Paper delivered at the 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ $UH ,QWHUPHGLDWH &LWLHV 'L௺HUHQW" WK$QQXDO,QWHUQDWLRQDODQG&RPSDUDWLYH8UEDQ/DZ &RQIHUHQFHRQ/DZDQGWKH1HZ8UEDQ$JHQGD&DSH -RKDQQHVEXUJ6RXWK$IULFDQ&LWLHV Town, South Africa. 1HWZRUN$YDLODEOHIURPwww.sacities.net.

-DFREXV0'HQRRQ6WHYHQV63DQG1HO9 Stewart, T. 2017. Sol Plaatje. In Marais, L and Du Encouraging Inclusive Communities Through Zoning 3OHVVLV' (GV Spatial Reform: The case of Upper Ashbury, Bloemfontein. Paper delivered at the 53rd International Society of 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ $UH ,QWHUPHGLDWH &LWLHV 'L௺HUHQW" &LW\ DQG 5HJLRQDO 3ODQQHUV ,62&$53  2UHJRQ -RKDQQHVEXUJ6RXWK$IULFDQ&LWLHV &KDSWHURIWKH$PHULFDQ3ODQQLQJ$VVRFLDWLRQ 2$3$  1HWZRUN$YDLODEOHIURPwww.sacities.net. Congress, Portland, USA.

64 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 STAFF 'XPD 513 .KDEH$0 .KXPDOR 3 0RNRQ\DPD 7 Raphuting, Q Tshazi. Professors: Prof VJ Nel. Research Associates: 'U,&KDUL]D'U<00DVKDODED Senior Lecturers:'U00&DPSEHOO'U710SKDPEXNHOL Dr SE Speak, Prof JJ Steÿn. Lecturers: SP Denoon-Stevens, KS Mocwagae, T Secretary: MC Hugo. Stewart. 6HQLRU$VVLVWDQW2ႈFHUA Mgwele. 5HVHDUFKHUV5HVHDUFK DVVLVWDQWV G Ceretti, A

65 DEPARTMENT OF Chemistry %ORHPIRQWHLQ4ZDTZDDQG6RXWK&DPSXVHV &RQWDFW'HWDLOV 3URI:3XUFHOO %ORHPIRQWHLQ&DPSXV Department of Chemistry Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 4012200 Fax: +27 51 4017295 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za .0SLWVR 4ZDTZD&DPSXV Department of Chemistry (Qwaqwa Campus) Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State 3%DJ[_3KXWKDGLWMKDED_6RXWK$IULFD 7HOHSKRQH +27 58 718 5136 Fax: +27 58 718 5444 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za

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67 ACHIEVEMENTS the Bilateral Swiss-South Africa Joint Research 3URJUDPPH 66$-53 DJUHHPHQWEHWZHHQWKH5RRGW 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV Research Group and the University of Zurich. During 3URI-&RQUDGLHUHFHLYHGDORQJVHUYLFHFHUWL¿FDWHIRU April 2017, the three students and Prof Roodt also her 30 years of service. Dr Marietjie Schutte-Smith conducted research at the European Synchrotron ZDV QRPLQDWHG E\ WKH VWXGHQWV LQ WKH FDWHJRU\ %HVW 5DGLDWLRQ )DFLOLW\ (65)  LQ *UHQREOH )UDQFH LQ Lecturer for the #FBIAwards#NAS# award that was FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 'U .DWDU]\QD -DU]HPEVND DQG 'U UXQRQVRFLDOPHGLD%ODFNERDUGDQGWKH8)6ZHEVLWH Radoslaw Kaminski from the University of Warsaw, She received the award for the Best Lecturer: Student Poland. Engagement and Learning at the annual awards At the annual faculty prize-giving ceremony, the ceremony. Dr Alice Brink was invited to present two IROORZLQJVWXGHQWVUHFHLYHGSUL]HVDVEHVWVWXGHQWLQWKH seminar lectures at the Universities of Manchester GLႇHUHQWFDWHJRULHV*6ZDUW EHVWQG\HDU '0DLHU 8. DQG2[IRUG 8. GXULQJ-XO\6KHZDVDOVR 0HUFNSUL]HIRUEHVWrd\HDU /3DUURWW EHVWKRQRXUV  QRPLQDWHG E\ WKH 8)6 5HVHDUFK RႈFH IRU WKH 15) -%0/ 6PLW 3(7ODEV SUL]H IRU EHVW 06F WKHVLV  'U 2017 Emerging Researcher Award. 056HELWOR %UXNHUSUL]HIRU3K'WKHVLV DQG'U&: 7VDL -RH/HLSROGWSUL]HDVEHVWSRVWJUDGXDWHVWXGHQW LQ&KHPLVWU\ 

Dr M Schutte-Smith (second from right) receiving the prize for the ‘Best Lecturer: Student Engagement and Learning’ from Prof D Vermeulen. Also in the photo are P Oosthuizen (co-winner), Ms L-A Frasenburg (Faculty Manager), and E Oosthuizen (Teaching and Learning Manager)

Dr C-W Tsai receiving the Joe Leipoldt prize from Prof Purcell for the best post-graduate student in Chemistry at 6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV the annual faculty prize-giving ceremony

E Chiyindiko from the Division of Physical Chemistry $FWLYLWLHV won the ‘3-minute thesis competition’ at the University Dr Anke Wilhelm received eight weeks of intensive of the Free State, Bloemfontein, on 25 Aug 2017. training under the supervision of Prof Matthias 3K' VWXGHQWV 0 6HELWOR DQG 0 *RYHQGHU JDYH +DPEXUJHUDWWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI%DVHO6ZLW]HUODQGRQ FRQIHUHQFHOHFWXUHVLQ3DULV)UDQFHDQG&&-RXEHUW WKH ]HEUD¿VK ODUYDO ORFRPRWLYH ELRDVVD\ ZKLFK ZDV gave a poster presentation in Amsterdam, the UHFHQWO\YDOLGDWHGDQGSXEOLVKHGE\3URI+DPEXUJHU¶V Netherlands. Govender also conducted research in the group. Drs Bonnet and Wilhelm are in the process of Polymer Institute at Ghent University. MSc student PJ HVWDEOLVKLQJ D VLPLODU ]HEUD¿VK WR[LFLW\ DQG DFWLYLW\ Swarts conducted research in the Polymer Institute of WHVWLQJ FHQWUH IRU 6RXWK $IULFDQ ERWDQLFDOV ZKLFK the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. VKRZWKHSRWHQWLDOWREHGHYHORSHGLQWRSRVVLEOHOHDG The Roodt Group’s students performed excellently: compounds against diseases of the central nervous Three PhD students, Tom DV Kama, Pennie V\VWHP &16 VXFKDVHSLOHSV\PRRGGLVRUGHUDQ[LHW\ 0RNRORNRORDQG2UEHWW$OH[DQGHUZHUHLQYLWHGWRJLYH DQGLQVRPQLD7KH\YLVLWHGWKH¿VKIDFLOLW\RI3URI9LFWRU an oral presentation at the 24th Congress and General Wepener at North-West University in Potchefstroom in $VVHPEO\RIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO8QLRQRI&U\VWDOORJUDSK\ August 2017 to collect further information. LQ +\GHUDEDG ,QGLD GXULQJ  7KH\ FRQGXFWHG 3URI'HRQ9LVVHUFRQWLQXHGWKHUHVHDUFKFROODERUDWLRQ UHVHDUFK DW WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI =XULFK $SULO   DQG ZLWK 'U )DELR =REL IURP WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI )ULERXUJ ZRUNHGLQDUDGLRSKDUPDFHXWLFDOODERUDWRU\XQGHUWKH Switzerland, Prof Demetrius Papadopoulus from VXSHUYLVLRQ RI 3URI 5RJHU $OEHUWR 7KLV IDOOV ZLWKLQ Athens, Greece, as well as Dr Gregory Smith from the

68 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 a lecture at the 67th Annual Meeting of the American Crystallography Association in New Orleans, USA. 6RPHRIRXUVWDႇPHPEHUVDFWHGDVH[WHUQDOUHYLHZHUV IRU GLႇHUHQW LQWHUQDWLRQDO &KHPLVWU\ MRXUQDOV DQG IRU the NRF, and served on faculty and UFS committees, ZKLOH RWKHUV PDGH WKHLU FRQWULEXWLRQV DV H[WHUQDO examiners for several universities at undergraduate and postgraduate levels and represented the UFS on international research councils. 3URI &RQUDGLH LQWURGXFHG WKH 1REHO ODXUHDWH SURI 0LFKDHO /HYLWW IURP WKH 'HSDUWPHQW RI 6WUXFWXUDO %LRORJ\ 6WDQIRUG 0HGLFDO 6FKRRO  GXULQJ KLV SXEOLF OHFWXUHRQWKHELUWKDQGIXWXUHRIWKHPXOWLVFDOHPRGHOOLQJ

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8QLYHUVLW\RI&DSH7RZQ$VSDUWRIWKHFROODERUDWLRQ with UCT, Prof Visser was a co-supervisor for an MSc VWXGHQWZKRREWDLQHGKHUGHJUHHZLWKGLVWLQFWLRQ Dr Linette Twigge, manager of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance facility, assisted more than 20 postgraduate VWXGHQWVIURPWKHGLႇHUHQWUHVHDUFKJURXSVZLWKGHOLFDWH and advanced multi-nuclear NMR experiments. Prof J Conradie (left) with Nobel laureate, Prof Michael Levitt (from the Department of Structural Biology, Stanford 3URI$QGUp5RRGW RQHSOHQDU\DQGVL[LQYLWHGOHFWXUHV  Medical School), Profs F Petersen (Rector) and C Witthuhn presented lectures at international conferences (Vice-Rector: Research) and venues in Slovenia, Tunisia, India, and South RIPDFURPROHFXOHVDWWKH8)6RQ1RYHPEHU Africa. During 2017, he hosted Prof Claude Lecomte She co-organised his visit to the University of the Free 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 1DQF\ )UDQFH  3URI 9DGLP %R\DUVNL\ 6WDWH IURP  WR  1RYHPEHU  3URI &RQUDGLH 6DLQW3HWHUVEXUJ6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\5XVVLD 3URI,QJULG was invited to visit the Department of Molecular 'LMNJUDDI 0DDVWULFKW8QLYHUVLW\WKH1HWKHUODQGV DQG Electrochemistry at the Heyrovský Institute of Physical 3URI5RJHU$OEHUWR 8QLYHUVLW\RI=XULFK6ZLW]HUODQG  Chemistry, Prague, and the University of Chemistry at the UFS, where they presented lectures and had and Technology, Prague. She presented a lecture at intensive discussions with students. Dr J Venter the Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, resulting presented a lecture at the 22nd EuCheMS International LQ WKH HVWDEOLVKPHQW RI D QHZ FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK WKLV Conference on Organometallic Chemistry, Amsterdam, institution. the Netherlands. 3URI6ZDUWYLVLWHG6\QJDVFKHP%9DW'LႇHU7HFKQLFDO 'U$OLFH%ULQNPDQDJHURIWKH;UD\&U\VWDOORJUDSKLF University, Eindhoven, in the Netherlands, to further facility in the Department of Chemistry, presented the H[LVWLQJ FROODERUDWLRQ LQ WKH ¿HOG RI KHWHURJHQHRXV µ&U\VWDOORJUDSKLF 6ROYLQJ DQG 5H¿QHPHQW :RUNVKRS¶ catalysis. He also visited and presented a lecture to the WR RXU VWDႇ DQG SRVWJUDGXDWH VWXGHQWV GXULQJ 0DUFK UHVHDUFKJURXSRI3URI+HQU\/DQJ &KHPQLW]8QLYHUVLW\ and August 2017. She also negotiates and manages RI 7HFKQRORJ\ LQ *HUPDQ\ RQ PHWDO FDUER[\ODWHV WKHLQWHUQDWLRQDOGDWDEDVHV &&'&DQG,&6' ZKLFK DQGHOHFWURFKHPLVWU\ WRIXUWKHUH[LVWLQJFROODERUDWLRQ allow any UFS student from the Bloemfontein and LQ WKH ¿HOGV RI HOHFWURFKHPLVWU\ PHWDOORFHQHV DQG 6RXWK &DPSXVHV DFFHVV WR WKH :HE&6' 'U %ULQN phthalocyanines. was a Research Visitor to the School of Chemistry at WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 0DQFKHVWHU 8. DQG FROODERUDWHG Dr Langner was involved in an interdisciplinary ZLWK3URI-RKQ+HOOLZHOODQG'U/RXLVH1DWUDMDQ -XQH UHVHDUFK SURMHFW ZLWK 'U 5LFKDUG +DUULV 3K\VLFV    6KH KRVWHG 3URI (OVSHWK *DUPDQ 8QLYHUVLW\ on the Synthesis and Computational modelling of RI 2[IRUG 8.  DW WKH 8)6 GXULQJ 0DUFK  VHOHFWHG 0HWDO 2UJDQLF )UDPHZRUN 02)  PDWHULDOV Prof Garman presented lectures and tutorials to with applications in catalysis, drug delivery, and water postgraduate Chemistry and Biochemistry students, SXUL¿FDWLRQ ,Q  WKLV SURMHFW ZDV H[WHQGHG WR and mentored PSP scholars. Dr Brink also presented include the enhancing of CO2 adsorption of ZIF-8.

69 Prof Purcell presented a lecture at the European Prof Roodt acted as reviewer for the NRF in evaluating 0HWDOOXUJLFDO &RQIHUHQFH (0&  KHOG LQ /HLS]LJ other researchers and students; he also served *HUPDQ\DQGPDGHDSRVWHUFRQWULEXWLRQDWWKHQG DV PHPEHU RI WKH (GLWRULDO %RDUG RI WKH Journal EuCheMS International Conference on Organometallic of Coordination Chemistry, acting as reviewer for Chemistry in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. He also SXEOLFDWLRQV LQ WKLV MRXUQDO DV ZHOO DV RWKHU MRXUQDOV visited Dr Sanja Potgieter-Vermaak at the Manchester such as Inorganic Chemistry, Crystal Growth and Metropolitan University in the United Kingdom. Design, Crystal Engineering Communications, Dalton Transactions, Organometallics, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, Inorganica Chimica Acta, and Polyhedron. Professor Conradie acted as the Physical Chemistry Editor for the South African Journal of Chemistry. She also acted as a reviewer for the NRF in evaluating the TXDOLW\RIWKHUHVHDUFKIXQGLQJDSSOLFDWLRQVDQGUDWLQJ applications of other researchers and students, as well DVUHYLHZHUIRUSXEOLFDWLRQVLQInorganica Chimica Acta, Journal of Molecular Structure, Chemistry Open $&6  Dalton (RSC), Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials, Organometallics $&6 Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 56& DQGSouth African Journal of Chemistry. 'U /DQJQHU ZDV D PHPEHU RI WKH (WKLFV &RPPLWWHH for the Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences. +H DOVR DFWHG DV D UHYLHZHU IRU WKH 15) 1DWLRQDO 5HVHDUFK)RXQGDWLRQ  Dr Erasmus acted as a reviewer for the NRF in Dr J Venter and Prof W Purcell in Amsterdam during the HYDOXDWLQJWKHTXDOLW\RIUHVHDUFKIXQGLQJDSSOLFDWLRQV 22nd EuCheMS International Conference on Organometallic and rating applications of other researchers and Chemistry students. She was also a reviewer for the Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and the Journal of Physical RESEARCH Chemistry and Biophysics. &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFHDQG0DUNHWLQJ Professor Swarts acted as a reviewer for the NRF LQ HYDOXDWLQJ WKH TXDOLW\ RI WKH UHVHDUFKIXQGLQJ The Safety Committee of the department is chaired applications and rating applications of other E\3URI%HQ%H]XLGHQKRXGWZLWKWKHIROORZLQJJURXS researchers and students. He also acted as reviewer for RI UHSUHVHQWDWLYHV 'U -RKDQ 9HQWHU ,QRUJDQLF  'U SXEOLFDWLRQVLQOrganometallics, Inorganic Chemistry, (OHDQRU 0OOHU 3K\VLFDO &KHPLVWU\  'U 0DULDQQH Inorganica Chimica Acta, Polyhedron, and Journal of &RQUDGLH%HNNHU $QDO\WLFDO  DQG 5XGL 6ZDUW Coordination Chemistry. 2UJDQLF  Professor Swarts also conducted a faculty survey Prof Karel von Eschwege responded extensively RI UHVHDUFKHTXLSPHQW VWRFN DQG FRPSLOHG D ODUJH WR VHYHUDO SULYDWHVHFWRU UHTXHVWV RQ HVSHFLDOO\ HTXLSPHQW SODQ IRU WKH )DFXOW\ RI 1DWXUDO DQG VXVWDLQDEOH HQHUJ\ +H DOVR DFWHG DV UHYLHZHU IRU Agricultural Sciences. VHYHUDOMRXUQDOSXEOLFDWLRQVDQGH[WHUQDO3K'WKHVHV Ina du Plessis organised and managed all our Dr Johan Venter serves as the programme director marketing activities at the Kovsies Open Day event of Physical and Chemical Sciences in the faculty, on held on campus. WKH 7LPHWDEOH &RPPLWWHH DQG VHWV WKH DQQXDO WHVW WLPHWDEOHIRUWKHIDFXOW\ 1DWLRQDODQG,QWHUQDWLRQDOFROODERUDWLRQV Dr Truidie Venter acted as a judge at the regional 7KH3XUFHOO*URXSKDVUHVHDUFKFROODERUDWLRQVZLWK'U Eskom Science Expo for Young Scientists held in Johann Nel from NECSA; Prof Herman Potgieter from Bloemfontein. the School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Wits; and Dr Sanja Potgieter-Vermaak from the Dr Alice Brink is a reviewer for the journals Acta Manchester Metropolitan University, UK. Crystallographica C and Journal of Coordination Chemistry. 3URI.DUHOYRQ(VFKZHJHKDVRQJRLQJFROODERUDWLRQV

70 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 ZLWK WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 3UHWRULD DQG 6WHOOHQERVFK the Department of Pharmacology at the University of University. The latter is a multi-disciplinary research 3UHWRULDDQGWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI0LVVRXUL 86$ LVEHLQJ project with the Laser Research Institute in their HVWDEOLVKHGLQDVVRFLDWLRQZLWK'U7UXLGLH9HQWHU Department of Physics, studying electronic transitions Drs Truidie Venter and Alice Brink attended the 67th and transfers, as well as fast isomerisations of light- Annual Meeting of the American Crystallographic VHQVLWLYHPROHFXODUDVVHPEOLHVLQUHDOWLPH7RJHWKHU 6RFLHW\LQ1HZ2UOHDQV86$ZKHUHWKH\ERWKSUHVHQWHG with the former, highly ordered single-molecule lectures and attended workshops. This meeting led to WKLQ ¿OPV RI SKRWRVHQVLWLYH PDWHULDOV DUH JURZQ IRU D FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 3URI 1LNROD\ *HUDVLPFKXN IURP SRWHQWLDO DSSOLFDWLRQ LQ HQHUJ\ WUDQVIHU DQGRU SKRWR 0LVVRXUL6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\6SULQJ¿HOG86$UHJDUGLQJ catalytic reactions. conductivity studies in transition metal complexes. 7KH %H]XLGHQKRXGW *URXS FROODERUDWHV ZLWK 3URIHVVRU &RQUDGLH FROODERUDWHG ZLWK 3URI 0 Chemical Process Technologies in Pretoria, Wildlife Landman, Prof P van Rooyen, and Dr F Malan from 3KDUPDFHXWLFDOV LQ 1HOVSUXLW DQG ZLWK 3(7/DEV the University of Pretoria, Dr Gurthwin Bosman of Pharmaceuticals on the synthesis of compounds with the Laser Research Institute, Department of Physics, medical applications. 6WHOOHQERVFK 8QLYHUVLW\ DQG 'U &*&( YDQ 6LWWHUW 'UV%RQQHWDQG:LOKHOPFROODERUDWHZLWKVWDႇDWWKH IURPWKH1RUWK:HVW8QLYHUVLW\6KHDOVRFROODERUDWHG 8QLYHUVLW\RI%DVHO 3URI0DWWKLDV+DPEXUJHU DQGWKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI9LHQQD 3URIV-XGLWK5ROOLQJHU DQG3URI 6WHIDQ+HUULQJ RQSK\WRFKHPLFDOSURMHFWV7KH\DOVR FROODERUDWHZLWKWKH:DWWOH,QGXVWU\ 3LHWHUPDULW]EXUJ  RQ SURMHFWV WR FKDUDFWHULVH GLႇHUHQW EDUNH[WUDFWLRQ processes and Mannich reactions of tannins. The Roodt Group’s research on medical aspects of SKDUPDFHXWLFDOPRGHOFRPSRXQGVLQFROODERUDWLRQZLWK 3URI5RJHU$OEHUWR 8QLYHUVLW\RI=XULFK6ZLW]HUODQG  'U0DULMD=EDþQLN 8QLYHUVLW\RI=DJUHE&URDWLD 'U *HUGXV .HPS 3(7/DERUDWRULHV 6$  DQG 3URI 7HG ( .URRQ 3K\VLFV 8QLYHUVLW\ RI WKH )UHH 6WDWH 6$  continued during 2017. A preliminary South African patent on multi-nuclear theranostic model agents ZDVJUDQWHGLQ'HFHPEHU6LPLODUO\WKHJURXS¶V FROODERUDWLRQ RQ PRGHO KRPRJHQHRXV FDWDO\VWV continued with funding from Profs Vadim Kukushkin DQG9DGLP%R\DUVNL\IURPWKH6DLQW3HWHUVEXUJ6WDWH 8QLYHUVLW\ LQ 5XVVLD 'U (VQD GX 3OHVVLV 6$62/  DQG WKH (65) *UHQREOH )UDQFH  5HVHDUFK RQ PHWDO EHQH¿FLDWLRQ ZLWK 'U -RKDQQ 1HO IURP 1(&6$ 6RXWK$IULFDQ1XFOHDU(QHUJ\&RUSRUDWLRQ XQGHUWKH $GYDQFHG0HWDOV,QLWLDWLYH $0, SURJUDPPHDQGRQ Drs Truidie Venter and Alice Brink at the 67th Annual environmental chemistry, i.e., hydrogen generation Meeting of the American Crystallographic Association in New Orleans, USA DQG FDUERQ GLR[LGH XWLOLVDWLRQ LQ FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 3URI5RJHU$OEHUWR 8QLYHUVLW\RI=XULFK6ZLW]HUODQG  ZLWK 3URI $EKLN *KRVK DQG 'U .DWKHULQ +RSPDQQ proceeded very well. PhD students, Alexander 'HSDUWPHQWRI&KHPLVWU\DQG&HQWUHIRU7KHRUHWLFDO 0LNKHUGRY 6W 3HWHUVEXUJ 5XVVLD $QJHOR )UHL DQG and Computational Chemistry, University of Tromsø, 'DQLHO+HUQDQGH] ERWKIURPWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI=XULFK 1RUZD\  3URI ,UHQD +RVNRYFRYi 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 6ZLW]HUODQG YLVLWHGWKH5RRGWJURXSWRGRDGYDQFHG &KHPLVWU\DQG7HFKQRORJ\3UDJXH&]HFK5HSXEOLF  NLQHWLFPHDVXUHPHQWVRQFROODERUDWLYHSURMHFWV 3URI 3HQQ\ %URWKHUV 8QLYHUVLW\ RI $XFNODQG 1HZ =HDODQG  3URI -+ 3RWJLHWHU :LWV DQG 0DQFKHVWHU 'U%ULQNFROODERUDWHGZLWK3URI-RKQ+HOOLZHOOIURPWKH 0HWURSROLWDQ 8QLYHUVLW\ 0DQFKHVWHU 8.  DQG 3URI 8QLYHUVLW\RI0DQFKHVWHU8.$GGLWLRQDOFROODEorators 7RGG & +DUURS 8QLYHUVLW\ RI *HRUJLD $WKHQV involved in the research project include Dr Louise *HRUJLD  1DWUDMDQ 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 0DQFKHVWHU 8.  'U 6LPRQ 7DQOH\ 8QLYHUVLW\RI0DQFKHVWHU8. 'U&ROLQ/HY\ 3URIHVVRU 6ZDUWV FROODERUDWHG ZLWK 3URI 0LNH 0DQFKHVWHU ,QVWLWXWH RI %LRWHFKQRORJ\ 8.  DQG &RRN 8QLYHUVLW\ RI (DVW $QJOLD 1RUZLFK (QJODQG 3URI 'LUN 2SSHUPDQ 'HSDUWPHQW RI %LRFKHPLVWU\ RQ SKWKDORF\DQLQHV  3URI 0DQXHO $TXLQR 6W 8QLYHUVLW\RIWKH)UHH6WDWH6$ $FROODERUDWLRQZLWK FrancLV ;DYLHU 8QLYHUVLW\ $QWLJRQLVK &DQDGD RQ

71 PHWDO FDUER[\ODWHV  3URI +HQU\ /DQJ &KHPQLW] LOPHQLWHWRHVWDEOLVKPHWKRGVRIDFFXUDWHO\TXDQWLI\LQJ University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany, on WKH GLႇHUHQW HOHPHQWV WKHUHLQ 7KHVH SURMHFWV DUH PHWDO FDUER[\ODWHV DQG HOHFWURFKHPLVWU\  DQG 3URI FRQGXFWHG LQ FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK WKH 6RXWK $IULFDQ +DQV 1LHPDQWVYHUGULHW RI 6\QJDVFKHP %9 DW 'LႇHU 1XFOHDU (QHUJ\ &RUSRUDWLRQ¶V 1(&6$  $GYDQFHG Technical University, Eindhoven, the Netherlands 0HWDOV,QLWLDWLYH $0,  KHWHURJHQHRXVFDWDO\VLV DQG3URI0/DQGPDQRIWKH 'LႇHUHQW DGYDQFHG DQDO\WLFDO WHFKQLTXHV DUH 8QLYHUVLW\RI3UHWRULD FU\VWDOORJUDSK\  employed, such as microwave and acid dissolution 'U /DQJQHU FROODERUDWHG ZLWK 'U 9DOHVND 7LQJ SURFHGXUHV ZKLOH LQGXFWLYHO\ FRXSOHG SODVPD ERWK 'HSDUWPHQW RI &KHPLFDO (QJLQHHULQJ 8QLYHUVLW\ RI RSWLFDO HPLVVLRQ ,&32(6  DQG PDVV VSHFWURVFRS\ %DWK8. DQG'U-HQZHL5HQ &6,53UHWRULD  ,&306  JUDSKLWH IXUQDFH DWRPLF DEVRUSWLRQ 'U (UDVPXV FROODERUDWHG ZLWK 3URI 0 /DQGPDQ DQG VSHFWURVFRS\ *)$$6  DQG LQIUDUHG DQG 89YLVLEOH Prof P van Rooyen from the University of Pretoria, and 89YLV VSHFWURVFRS\ZHUHXVHGIRUWKHLGHQWL¿FDWLRQ 3URI -: 1LHPDQWVYHUGULHW 6\QJDVFKHP 6\Q&DW# DQGTXDQWL¿FDWLRQRIWKHGLႇHUHQWHOHPHQWV±ZLWK,62 %HLMLQJ(LQGKRYHQWKH1HWKHUODQGV  FULWHULDDVEHQFKPDUN2WKHUWHFKQLTXHV VXFK DV ;UD\ GLႇUDFWLRQ DQG ;UD\ ÀXRUHVFHQFH ;5' Postgraduate Students ;5)  GLႇHUHQWLDO VFDQQLQJ FDORULPHWU\ '6&  DQG The following students received their PhD degrees: WKHUPDO JUDYLPHWULF DQDO\VLV 7*$  DUH DOVR XWLOLVHG 'UV && -RXEHUW 0 6HELWOR )+ 3HHQV &: 7VDL 5 (OHPHQWVZKLFKDUHFXUUHQWO\LQYHVWLJDWHGDUHQLRELXP *RVW\QVNL'*0DVDQJRDNR 3K\VLFDO&KHPLVWU\ 'U tantalum, zirconium, hafnium, all the platinum-group $/ 0DQLFXP ,QRUJDQLF &KHPLVWU\  *1 0QJXQL 7 HOHPHQWV 3*( UDUHHDUWKHOHPHQWVDVZHOODVOLWKLXP 3LHWHUVH 2UJDQLF&KHPLVWU\  EHQH¿FLDWLRQ 1XPHURXV VDPSOHV ZHUH DQDO\VHG IRU private individuals, as well as for local and national The following students received their MSc degrees: companies. ( YDQ 5HQVEXUJ 2UJDQLF &KHPLVWU\ $ &UDXVH 6- *HUEHU -3 6ZDUWV 3K\VLFDO &KHPLVWU\  // 1WRL 7KHJURXSDOVRIRFXVHVRQGLႇHUHQWLQRUJDQLFFKHPLVWU\ $4 9LOLND]L $QDO\WLFDO &KHPLVWU\  93 5DOHDRRD71 projects, such as kinetic and structural studies of 7DRDQD ,QRUJDQLF&KHPLVWU\  RUJDQRPHWDOOLF FRPSOH[HV RI,U , DQG 5K , R[LGDWLYH DGGLWLRQUHDFWLRQV5H 9 DQG2V 9, F\DQRFRPSOH[HV STAFF MATTERS DVZHOODVVRPH&RDQG&UDTXHRXVFKHPLVWU\$OORI Prof Deon Visser was promoted from Associate WKHVH VWXGLHV XWLOLVHG ;5' LQIUDUHG VSHFWURVFRS\ Professor to Professor, and Dr E Erasmus was ,5 89YLVQXFOHDUPDJQHWLFUHVRQDQFH 105 DQG promoted to Associate Professor at the end of 2017. computational methods. Dr Anke Wilhelm was promoted to Senior Lecturer. In yet another thrust, the group is involved in the Prof BCB Bezuidenhoudt retired at the end of 2017. LQYHVWLJDWLRQRIFKHPLFDOUHDFWLRQVWKDWH[KLELWVPXOWLSOH &DOOLH /DXEVFKHU UHWLUHG DV )LQDQFLDO 2ႈFHU DW WKH FKURPLVPV LQ GLႇHUHQW WUDQVLWLRQ PHWDO FRPSOH[HV end 2017 and Rehana Wales was appointed in the with potential applications in a variety of sensors and position. Dr Amanda-Lee Manicum resigned as PROHFXODUVZLWFKLQJGHYLFHV7HFKQLTXHVVXFKDVXOWUD lecturer in Inorganic Chemistry at the end of May 2017 IDVW IHPWRVHFRQG SXOVHG ODVHU 89YLVLEOH ,5 105 and accepted a new lecturing position at the Tshwane cyclic-voltammetry, single-molecule Langmuir-Blodgett University of Technology in Pretoria. WKLQ ¿OPV TXDQWXP FRPSXWDWLRQDO &KHPLVWU\ $') $PVWHUGDP GHQVLW\ IXQFWLRQDO  DQG *DXVVLDQ  DQG RESEARCH OUTPUTS ;UD\ FU\VWDOORJUDSK\ DUH HPSOR\HG 7KH $QDO\WLFDO $QDO\WLFDO&KHPLVWU\has Prof Karel von Eschwege VHFWLRQ ZDV UHVSRQVLEOH IRU WKH HOHPHQW DQDO\VHV RI &UDWHG DV'LYLVLRQ+HDG3URI:DOWHU3XUFHOO & other groups in the departments of Chemistry, Geology, UDWHG 'U5HERWVDPDQJ6KDJR'U1HWH0RWODOHSXOD 3K\VLFVDQG0LFURELRORJ\ DQG 3URIHVVLRQDO RႈFHU 'U 0DULDQQH &RQUDGLH < The ,QRUJDQLF &KHPLVWU\ division consists of two UDWHG DQG 8)6 3UHVWLJH 6FKRODU  7KH GLYLVLRQ ZDV separate research groups which are independently VXSSRUWHGE\RQH3K'DQGVL[06FVWXGHQWVDQGWZR postdoctoral associates. Two MSc students graduated KHDGHGE\3URI$QGUp5RRGW %UDWHG DQG3URI'HRQ in this period. The division was involved in eight 9LVVHU &UDWHG UHVSHFWLYHO\ SXEOLFDWLRQV LQ QDWLRQDO DQG LQWHUQDWLonal journals, The research in the Roodt Group continued attended three conferences, and made six oral and VXFFHVVIXOO\VXSSRUWHGE\JUDQWVXQGHUWKHSUHVWLJLRXV SRVWHUFRQWULEXWLRQV Swiss-South Africa Joint Research Programme The group focuses on several analytical and inorganic 66$-53   15)UDWHG UHVHDUFKHU projects. The former concerns the dissolution, programme, and from SASOL. Drs Johan Venter, Alice TXDQWL¿FDWLRQ DQG PHWKRG YDOLGDWLRQ RI D QXPEHU RI %ULQN 7KXWKXNDJUDQWKROGHU 0DULHWMLH6FKXWWH6PLWK inorganic and ore samples such as zircon, tantalite, and DQG $PDQGD/HH 0DQLFXP 7KXWKXND JUDQW KROGHU 

72 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 ZHUH WKH RWKHU VHQLRU PHPEHUV ZLWKLQ WKH JURXS distinct and separate research groups which are 5HVHDUFK LV IXUWKHU VXSSRUWHG E\ 'U 7UXLGLH 9HQWHU LQGHSHQGHQWO\ VXSHUYLVHG E\ 3URIV -DQQLH 6ZDUWV 7KXWKXND JUDQW KROGHU  DV FKLHI RႈFHU SURIHVVLRQDO &UDWHG  DQG -HDQHW &RQUDGLH &UDWHG  'UV services. The group had three postdoctoral associates, (UQLH/DQJQHU(OHDQRU0OOHU <UDWHG DQG/L]HWWH nine MSc and 11 PhD students, of whom one PhD and (UDVPXV <UDWHG DQGVXSSRUWHGE\,QDGX3OHVVLV two MSc students graduated during 2017. Both Dr DV3URIHVVLRQDO2ႈFHU Brink and Dr Schutte-Smith are UFS Prestige Scholars. 3URIV 6ZDUWV DQG &RQUDGLH ERWK KHOG WZR 15) 7KH5RRGWJURXSZDVLQYROYHGLQSXEOLFDWLRQVDQG UHVHDUFK JUDQWV 5DWHG 5HVHDUFKHU DQG &RPSHWLWLYH RQHSUHOLPLQDU\SDWHQWZKLOHJURXSPHPEHUVDWWHQGHG 5DWHG5HVHDUFKHU  'U0OOHU KHOG D7KXWKXNDJUDQW numerous conferences and made 17 oral and poster from the NRF. The Swarts and Langner groups were FRQWULEXWLRQVGXULQJWKH\HDU IXQGHGE\UHVHDUFKJUDQWVIURP6\QJDVFKHP%9'U This group focuses on Coordination Chemistry and (UDVPXVZDVDOVRIXQGHGE\6DVRODQG'U0OOHUKDG the integrated investigation of ‘reaction mechanisms 6DVRO HTXLSPHQW IXQGLQJ 3RVWJUDGXDWH VWXGHQWV LQ through the use of crystallography, spectroscopy, this division include eight MSc and 11 PhD students, as computational chemistry, and reaction kinetics’. Four ZHOODV¿YHSRVWGRFWRUDODVVRFLDWHV7KHGLYLVLRQZDV VXEUHVHDUFK WKUXVWV SUREH DSSOLFDWLRQV WR PHGLFLQH LQYROYHGZLWKSXEOLFDWLRQVLQKLJKLPSDFWMRXUQDOV UDGLRSKDUPDFHXWLFDO DQG FKHPRWKHUDSHXWLFDO  attended 10 conferences, and made 25 oral and poster LQGXVWULDO UHDFWLRQVKRPRJHQHRXV FDWDO\VLVDSSOLHG FRQWULEXWLRQV process chemistry, the development of metal The 6ZDUWV*URXS focuses on synthetic and physical EHQH¿FLDWLRQ WHFKQRORJ\ DQG FRRUGLQDWLRQ FKHPLVWU\ chemistry aspects of multinuclear metallocenes, in the environment. and concentrates on porphyrin and phthalocyanine Prof Visser’s research focuses on the application FRPSRXQGV EHDULQJ PHWDOORFHQH VXEVWLWXHQWV VXFK of organometallic complexes in photoluminescence as titanocene, zirconocene, ferrocene, ruthenocene, VWXGLHVSDUWLFXODUO\LQWKH¿JKWDJDLQVWFDQFHUDQGLQWKH and osmocene derivatives, especially in association GHYHORSPHQWRIRUJDQLFOLJKWHPLVVLRQGHYLFHV 2/('V  with late transition metals; electrochemical, kinetic, 7HFKQLTXHVXVHGLQFOXGH;UD\FU\VWDOORJUDSK\105 and thermal analyses of these complexes; medicinal chemical kinetics and photoluminescence, and cell aspects of these complexes; and industrial studies on ÀXRUHVFHQFHVSHFWURVFRS\+HSXEOLVKHG¿YHDUWLFOHV FDUER[\ODWR FRPSOH[HV DQG KHWHURJHQHRXV FDWDO\VLV in 2017 and delivered one PhD student. of systems supported on two-dimensional matrices in FROODERUDWLRQZLWK6DVRO The 2UJDQLF &KHPLVWU\ GLYLVLRQ LV KHDGHG E\ 3URI %HQ %H]XLGHQKRXGW &UDWHG  ZLWK 'UV 6XVDQ The research in the Conradie Group focuses on %RQQHW$QNH:LOKHOP 7KXWKXNDJUDQWKROGHUDQG8)6 the characterisation of transition metal complexes 3UHVWLJH 6FKRODU  DQG /LQHWWH 7ZLJJH  6/(  DV DQG LQWHUPHGLDWHV E\ V\QWKHWLF DQG FRPSXWDWLRQDO OHFWXULQJVWDႇDQG5XGL6ZDUWDV3URIHVVLRQDO2ႈFHU chemistry. Transition metal porphyrin and related 7KH JURXSV ZHUH LQYROYHG LQ VL[ SDSHUV 3K\WRFKHP FRPSRXQGV22¶FKHODWHGWLWDQLXPFRPSOH[HVEHWD JURXS  LQ LQWHUQDWLRQDO &KHPLVWU\ OLWHUDWXUH ZKLOH GLNHWRQDWRFDUERQ\O FRPSOH[HV RI UKRGLXP ,  DQG 3URFHVVFKHP   VL[ 06F DQG 3URFHVVFKHP   VL[ UKRGLXP ,,, DQGGLWKL]RQDWRFRPSRXQGVRIWUDQVLWLRQ PhD students were studying towards higher degrees. PHWDOFRPSOH[HVDUHFXUUHQWO\DOVREHLQJLQYHVWLJDWHG 7ZR VWXGHQWV IURP 3URFHVVFKHP RQH 06F DQG RQH The Erasmus Group, on the other hand, focuses on 3K'  JUDGXDWHG GXULQJ  7ZR SRVWGRFV ZHUH heterogeneous catalysis of especially model catalysts also enhancing their skills in Organic Chemistry in RQ ÀDW VXUIDFHV DQG PDWHULDOV FKDUDFWHULVDWLRQ ZLWK the Phytochemistry group. Dr Johannes van Tonder is ;36 WHFKQLTXHV ZKLOH WKH Langner Group studies HPSOR\HGE\3(7/DEV3KDUPDFHXWLFDOVEXWKDVEHHQ PHWDORUJDQLF IUDPHZRUNV 02)V  HVSHFLDOO\ IRU seconded to the UFS as a lecturer until the end of May catalysis, gas adsorption, and desorption studies, and 2018. the thermal analysis thereof; and 'U0OOHU¶V research The 2UJDQLF&KHPLVWU\division consists of two distinct concentrates on Polymer Chemistry, anti-cancer UHVHDUFKGLUHFWLRQVLHWKH3K\WRFKHPLVWU\JURXS 'UV research, and Organometallic Chemistry. %RQQHW DQG :LOKHOP  WKDW IRFXVHV RQ WKH LVRODWLRQ 3RO\PHU6FLHQFHRQWKH4ZDTZD&DPSXVKDV3URI and synthesis of natural products and compounds 5LDDQ /X\W &UDWHG  DV SULQFLSDO UHVHDUFK OHDGHU with therapeutic potential, and the Process Chemistry Other researchers involved are Dr JP Mofokeng, Dr NF JURXS 3URI %H]XLGHQKRXGW  WKDW LQYHVWLJDWHV QHZ Molefe, and Dr MV Mngomezulu. This group was mainly methodologies for the synthesis of organic compounds involved in investigating the morphology and properties with the emphasis on catalyst development and RISRO\PHUEOHQGVFRPSRVLWHVDQGQDQRFRPSRVLWHV evaluation for industrial processes. The group consisted of four PhD students, eight The 3K\VLFDO&KHPLVWU\ division is divided into four master’s and nine honours students, and was involved

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Computational methods. Journal of Molecular Graphics LQ >5K ȕGLNHWRQDWR &2 2@ FRPSOH[HV Journal of and Modelling 78: 1-13. Molecular Structure 1144C: 280-289. Alexander, OT, Duvenhage, MM, Brink, A, Swart, HC, Dennis, CR, Meintjes, R, Marais, C, Versteeg, R, and Muller, P, Kroon, RE, and Visser, HG. 2017. Synthesis, Swarts, JC. 2017. The Extended BSc Programme: structures and luminescence properties of two gallium Performance of students in Chemistry. South African ,,,  FRPSOH[HV ZLWK GLPHWK\OK\GUR[\TXLQROLQH Journal of Science   Journal of Coordination Chemistry   'LNREH'*DQG/X\W$6,QYHVWLJDWLRQRIWKH $O5XED\H %. %ULQN $ 0LOOHU *- 3RWJLHWHU + PRUSKRORJ\ DQG SURSHUWLHV RI WKH SRO\SURS\OHQH DQG$O-HERRUL 0-  &U\VWDO VWUXFWXUH RI (  low-density SRO\HWK\OHQHZRRG SRZGHU DQG WKH EHQ]\OLGHQHSKHQ\ORFWDK\GUR PDOHLF DQK\GULGH JUDIWHG SRO\SURS\OHQHORZGHQVLW\ phenanthridine. Crystallographic Communications SRO\HWK\OHQHZRRGSRZGHUSRO\PHUEOHQGFRPSRVLWHV E73: 1092-1096. Journal of Composite materials    Belay, AN, Venter, JA, and Roodt, A. 2017. The crystal 'LNREH '* DQG /X\W $6  7KHUPDO DQG structure of triphenylphosphineoxide-2,5-dichloro- PHFKDQLFDOSURSHUWLHVRI33+'3(ZRRGSRZGHUDQG GLK\GUR[\F\FORKH[DGLHQHGLRQH   0$33+'3(ZRRGSRZGHUSRO\PHUEOHQGFRPSRVLWHV Thermochimica Acta 654: 40-50. C42H32Cl2O6P2, Z.kristallogr NCS   Bolotin, DS, Burianova, VK, Novikov, AS, Demakova, Dutta, S, Som, S, Kunti, AK, Kumar, V, Sharma, SK, M Ya, Pretorius, C, Mokolokolo, PP, Roodt, A, Swart, HC, and Visser, HG. 2017. Structural and

Bokach, NA, Suslonov, VV, Zhdanov, AP, Zhizhin, luminescence responses of CaMoO4 nano phosphors K Yu, Kuznetsov, NT, and Kukushkin, V Yu. 2017. V\QWKHVL]HG E\ K\GURWKHUPDO URXWH WR VZLIW KHDY\ 1XFOHRSKLOLFLW\ RI 2[LPHV %DVHG XSRQ $GGLWLRQ WR ɚ LRQ LUUDGLDWLRQ (OHPHQWDO DQG 6SHFWUDO VWDELOLW\ Acta 1LWULOLXP FORVR'HFDERUDWH &OXVWHU Organometallics Materialia 124: 109-119. 35: 3612-3623. Elmakki, MAE, Alexander, OT, Venter, GJS, and Bolotin, DS, Il’in, MV, Kolesnikov, IE, Suslonov, VV, 9HQWHU-$7KHFU\VWDOVWUXFWXUHRIFDUERQ\O  Novozhilov, Y, Ronzhina, O, Krasavin, M, Boyarskiy, VP, R[RS\ULGLQ + RODWRț22ƍ  GLSKHQ\OF\FORKH[\O

.RHQ5DQG5RRGW$)OXRUHVFHQW S\UD]RO\O SKRVSKLQHț3 UKRGLXP , &24H25NO3PRh. Z. Kristallogr DFHWR[LPH  =QII complexes: Synthetic, structural, and NCS 232: 831-833. photophysical studies. Inorganica Chimica Acta 455: (UDVPXV (  (OHFWURQLF HႇHFWV RI JURXS 9-14. IUDJPHQWVRQWKH;36RI)HSDQGS3KRWRHOHFWURQ Brink, A, and Helliwell, JR. 2017. New leads for Lines of Ferrocenyl-containing chalcones. 2017. South IUDJPHQWEDVHG GHVLJQ RI UKHQLXPWHFKQHWLXP African Journal of Chemistry 70: 94-99. radiopharmaceutical agents. IUCrJ 4: 283-290. Ferreira, H, Conradie, MM, Von Eschwege, KG, and Conradie, J. 2017. A comparative DFT study of Conradie, J. 2017. Electrochemical and DFT study VWDFNLQJLQWHUDFWLRQVEHWZHHQDGMDFHQWPHWDODWRPVLQ RI WKH UHGXFWLRQ RI VXEVWLWXWHG SKHQDQWKUROLQHV linear chains of Ir and Rh acetylacetonato complexes. Polyhedron 122: 147-154. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 833: 88-94. Ferreira, H, Van Rooyen, PH, Conradie, MM, Conradie, J. 2017. Mechanistic investigation of cis and Conradie, J. 2017. Packing polymorphism of and trans oxidative addition to acetylacetonato-1,5- GLFDUERQ\O> SKHQ\ODPLQR SHQWHQRQDWR@ F\FORRFWDGLHQHLULGLXP , Polyhedron 123: 252-258. UKRGLXP , Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 851: 235-247. &RQUDGLH -  6WDFNLQJ RI GLFDUERQ\ODFH W\ODFHWRQDWRUKRGLXP , PROHFXOHVComputational and Ganguly, S, Renz, D, Giles, LJ, Logan J., Gagnon, Theoretical Chemistry 1101: 30-35. KJ, McCormick, LJ, Conradie, J, Sarangi, R, and *KRVK $  &REDOW DQG 5KRGLXP&RUUROH

74 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Triphenylphosphine Complexes Revisited: The (/ 9DQ GHU :HVWKXL]HQ -+ DQG 3HJQ\HPE '( Question of a Noninnocent, Corrole. Inorganic $1HZÀDYDQROLJQDQDQGDQHZDONDQHIURPWKH Chemistry  ± 6WHP EDUN RI 1HZWRQLD JUL௺RQLDQD 1DWXUDO 3URGXFW Research 31: 19 2233-2238. Ganguly, S, Conradie, J, Bendix, J, Gagnon, K, McCormick, L, and Ghosh, A. 2017. Electronic Kumar, S, Purcell, W, Bragg, RR, Conradie, J, and 6WUXFWXUH RI &REDOW&RUUROH3\ULGLQH &RPSOH[HV Langner, EHG. 2017. Synthesis, characterization, 1RQLQQRFHQW )LYHFRRUGLQDWH &R ,,  &RUUROH5DGLFDO FRPSXWDWLRQDO DQG DQWLPLFURELDO DFWLYLWLHV RI D QRYHO States. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2017; J. Phys. iridium thiourea complex. New Journal of Chemistry &KHP$  ± 41: 10919-10928. Gostynski, R, Conradie, J, and Erasmus, E. 2017. Lumanyano L, Ntoi, A, and Von Eschwege, KG. 6LJQL¿FDQFH RI WKH HOHFWURQGHQVLW\ RI PROHFXODU 2017. Spectrophotometry Mole Ratio and Continuous IUDJPHQWV RQ WKH SURSHUWLHV RI PDQJDQHVH ,,,  Variation Experiments with Dithizone. African Journal ȕGLNHWRQDWRFRPSOH[HV$Q;36DQG')7VWXG\RCS of Chemical Education-AJCE  59-92. Advances 7: 27718-27728. Makhetha, TA, Mpitsom K, and Luyt, AS. 2017. Gostynski, R, Fraser, R, Landman, M, Erasmus, E, and 3UHSDUDWLRQDQGFKDUDFWHUL]DWLRQRI(9$3/$VXJDUFDQ &RQUDGLH-6\QWKHVLVDQG;36&KDUDFWHUL]DWLRQ EDJDVVHFRPSRVLWHVIRUZDWHUSXUL¿FDWLRQJournal of RI 6L6XSSRUWHG &KURPLXP   )LVFKHU DPLQRFDUEHQH Composite Materials    complexes. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 836- Malan, FP, Singleton, E, Van Rooyen, PH, Conradie, J, 837: 62-67. and Landman, M. 2017. Synthesis, structure and DFT

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78 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 'U - YDQ 7RQGHU SDUWWLPH  'U & 0DUDLV 6RXWK 2ႈFHUV3URIHVVLRQDO6HUYLFHV,GX3OHVVLV 0DUNHWLQJ  &DPSXV 'U0$0DOLPDEH 44 'U1)0ROHIH 44  'U79HQWHU56ZDUW'U00&RQUDGLH00H\EXUJK Dr Julia Mofokeng, Dr MV Mngomezulu, R Meintjes $$OOHPDQQ'U-30RIRNHQJ 44 0)70RVRDELVDQH 6RXWK&DPSXV $0DQLFXP0HVVUV..KRWVR 44  44 &(&ODUNH.RQL 44 DQG3/HFKH 44  DQG7$7VRWHWVL 44  Technical Aid Assistants: ID Fish, JP Masedi, KJ Junior Lecturer: RG Moji. Mokhesi, GJ Nkotsana, and JB Mmope. 5HVHDUFKHUV5HVHDUFKDVVLVWDQWV FMA Muller. Facilitators: T Kama, D Marake, T Chiweshe, M Research Associate: Prof AS Luyt, and Prof KJ Swart. 0ERQJR3YDQ+HHUGHQ70RODWHGL%YDQ7RQGHU& Secretary: AS van Rooyen. de Klerk, M du Plessis, J Botha, and Z Venter. 6HQLRU 2ႈFHUV Professional Services: T Swarts )LQDQFHV &/DXEFKHU )LQDQFHV 5:DOHV&6PLWK MP Coetzee, CE Clarke-Koenig, and P Leche.

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Dr MR Sebitlo giving a lecture at the Phosphorus, Boron Chemistry’s own soccer team wearing their new kits and Silicon Conference in Paris, France

The ‘Mexicans’, winners of the department’s annual ‘potjiekos’ competition, enjoying themselves

7979 DEPARTMENT OF Computer Sciences and Informatics &RQWDFW'HWDLOV 3URI3-%OLJQDXW Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Computer Science and Informatics University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH+27 51 401 2754 Fax: +27 51 401 2754 (PDLOEOLJQDXWSM#XIVDF]D Website: ZZZXIVDF]DFV 'U5XWK:DULR Department of Computer Science and Informatics (Qwaqwa Campus) Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State 3ULYDWH%DJ;_3KXWKDGLWMKDED_6RXWK$IULFD 7HOHSKRQH +27 58 718 5216 Fax: +27 58 718 5247 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview 7KH'HSDUWPHQWRI&RPSXWHU6FLHQFHDQG,QIRUPDWLFVGHOLYHUVKLJKO\WUDLQHG LQIRUPDWLRQWHFKQRORJLVWVZLWKWHFKQLFDOVNLOOVLQSURJUDPPLQJV\VWHPGHVLJQDQG DQDO\VLVDVZHOODVLQGDWDEDVHDQGQHWZRUNPDQDJHPHQW2XUSURJUDPPHV DQGOHDUQLQJFRQWHQWDUHUHYLVHGRQDFRQWLQXRXVEDVLVWRNHHSDEUHDVWZLWK QHZGHYHORSPHQWVLQWHFKQRORJ\DQGLQGXVWU\ :H RIIHU WZR GHJUHHV QDPHO\ %6F ,7  DQG %&,6 7KH ÀUVW DOORZV VWXGHQWV WR FRPELQH WKHLU &6 HGXFDWLRQ ZLWK VWXGLHV LQ 0DWKHPDWLFV 0DWKHPDWLFDO 6WDWLVWLFV 3K\VLFV RU &KHPLVWU\ 2XU VSHFLDOLVHG %&,6 GHJUHH %DFKHORU·V LQ &RPSXWHU ,QIRUPDWLRQ 6\VWHPV  HGXFDWHV VWXGHQWV LQ WKH DSSOLFDWLRQ DQG PDQDJHPHQWDVZHOODVGHYHORSPHQWRILQIRUPDWLRQWHFKQRORJ\LQWKHEXVLQHVV DQGPDQDJHULDOHQYLURQPHQW:HUHFHLYHSRVLWLYHIHHGEDFNIURPJUDGXDWHV DV WKH\ GR QRW ÀQG LW GLIÀFXOW WR EH HPSOR\HG DQG HPSOR\HUV FRQWLQXRXVO\ FRQWDFWXVVHHNLQJJUDGXDWHVIURPRXUGHSDUWPHQW 2QKRQRXUVOHYHOZHRIIHUFRXUVHVLQKXPDQFRPSXWHULQWHUDFWLRQLQIRUPDWLRQ DQGIRUHQVLFVHFXULW\DGYDQFHGFRXUVHVLQSURJUDPPLQJGHYHORSPHQWIRUFHOO SKRQHVDQGRWKHUPRELOHGHYLFHVGDWDZDUHKRXVLQJDQGEXVLQHVVLQWHOOLJHQFH DQDO\VLVDQGGHYHORSPHQWRIDOJRULWKPVDQGDUWLÀFLDOLQWHOOLJHQFH6RPHRIRXU PRGXOHVDUHVSHFLÀFDOO\WDLORUHGWRÀWWKHQHHGVRILQGXVWU\VXFKDVWKH6$6 3URJUDPPLQJPRGXOHDQGWKHFRXUVHLQPDQDJHPHQWRI2UDFOHGDWDEDVHV :H KDYH PRGHUQ IDFLOLWLHV DQG XQGHUJUDGXDWH ODERUDWRULHV ZLWK FXWWLQJ HGJH HTXLSPHQW 2XU KLJKO\ TXDOLÀHG VWDII KDYH H[FHSWLRQDO DELOLWLHV DQG ZH SULGH RXUVHOYHV LQ WKH SHUVRQDO DWWHQWLRQ WKDW ZH RIIHU RXU VWXGHQWV 7KH GHSDUWPHQW ERDVWV D PRGHUQ XVDELOLW\ ODERUDWRU\ DQG ZH UHJDUG RXUVHOYHV DV WKH FRXQWU\·V OHDGLQJ UHVHDUFK XQLW LQ H\H WUDFNLQJ :H DOVR VSHFLDOLVH LQ HGXFDWLRQDOWHFKQRORJ\VHQWLPHQWDQDO\VLVDQGQDWXUDOXVHULQWHUIDFHVVXFKDV EUDLQFRPSXWHULQWHUIDFHVWRXFKSDGVYLUWXDOUHDOLW\DQGJHVWXUHV:HKDYH D VRSKLVWLFDWHG FOXVWHU V\VWHP WKDW LV XVHG IRU VWXGHQW WUDLQLQJ DQG FRPSOH[ UHVHDUFKSUREOHPV 7KH 'HSDUWPHQW RI &RPSXWHU 6FLHQFH DQG ,QIRUPDWLFV 4ZDTZD &DPSXV LPSOHPHQWHG D SRVWJUDGXDWH GHJUHH SURJUDPPH LQ  WR FRPPHQFHLQ 7KHSURJUDPPHVWDUWHGLQZLWKDQHQUROPHQWRIVL[VWXGHQWV²ÀYH KRQRXUVDQGRQHPDVWHU·V 2YHUWKHSDVW\HDUVWKHGHSDUWPHQWKDVVKRZQDJUDGXDOJURZWKLQWKHQXPEHU RIXQGHUJUDGXDWHVWXGHQWV,QZHKDGÀUVW\HDUVWXGHQWVLQFUHDVLQJ WR  VWXGHQWV LQ  :LWK WKH HVWDEOLVKPHQW RI SRVWJUDGXDWH SURJUDPPHV WKDW DLPHG WR DWWUDFW ORFDO WHDFKHUV IURP DURXQG 4ZDTZD WKH QXPEHU RI SRVWJUDGXDWHVZLOOFRQVHTXHQWO\LQFUHDVHUHVHDUFKRXWSXW

ACHIEVEMENTS FRKRVWHG E\ WKH :ULJKW 6WDWH 8QLYHUVLW\ DQG WKH &HQWUHIRU&\EHUVSDFH5HVHDUFK$LU)RUFH,QVWLWXWHRI 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV Technology in Dayton, Ohio, USA, in March 2017. Conferences Dr Eduan Kotzé visited the Computational Linguistics Wynand Nel and Dr Andries Burger authored a paper DQG 3V\FKROLQJXLVWLFV &/L36  5HVHDUFK &HQWUH WLWOHG µ3URYLQJ F\EHUFULPLQDOV¶ SRVVHVVLRQ RI VWROHQ associated with the Department of Linguistics in the credit card details on compromised POS devices’, which Faculty of Arts at the University of Antwerp from 13 was presented at the 12th International Conference 1RYHPEHU XQWLO  1RYHPEHU  7KH JRDO RI WKH RQ&\EHU:DUIDUHDQG6HFXULW\7KHFRQIHUHQFHZDV research visit was to investigate cooperation on

81 VHQWLPHQW DQDO\VLV DQG VXEMHFWLYLW\ GHWHFWLRQ JDLQ an understanding into the Pattern software system, DQG H[SORUH SRVVLEOH IXWXUH UHVHDUFK FROODERUDWLRQ activities. Currently, the Department of Computer Science and Informatics, together with the Unit for Language Facilitation and Empowerment, are LQIRUPDOO\ FROODERUDWLQJ ZLWK &/L36 LQ D VWXG\ RI pragmatic and discourse linguistics aspects of hate speech that would inform the design of computational PRGHOVDQGRUPHWKRGRORJLHV

Dr Ruth Wario received an Excellence in Teaching and Learning Research award from the UFS Centre for Teaching and Learning (CTL)

6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV Student Cluster competition The CHPC Student Cluster Competition exposes undergraduate students at South African universities WRWKHKLJKSHUIRUPDQFHFRPSXWLQJ +3& LQGXVWU\,W takes place during the CHPC’s National Conference each year and is open to all second-year students in DQ,7UHODWHGGHJUHH6WXGHQWVDUHJLYHQDEXGJHWRI DURXQG5DQGDUHUHTXLUHGWRGHVLJQEXLOGDQG EHQFKPDUNDFOXVWHUFRPSXWHU7KHWHDPZLWKWKHEHVW performing cluster is then selected to represent South Africa at the International Student Cluster Competition in Germany. The department entered two teams, one of which was chosen to participate in the national meeting. To prepare the students for the competition, DZRUNVKRSZDVSUHVHQWHGE\$OEHUWYDQ(FNIURP,&7 Dr Eduan Kotzé in front of the ‘Het Steen’ castle in Antwerp, Belgium 6HUYLFHVDQG-HDQ3LHUUHGX3OHVVLVDVWDႇPHPEHU in the department. During this workshop, the students ZHUHWDXJKWDQXPEHURI/LQX[VHUYHUDQGQHWZRUNLQJ Annual SAICSIT Conference fundamentals and were exposed to the installation 7KHGHSDUWPHQWLQFROODERUDWLRQZLWKWKH'HSDUWPHQW DQG FRQ¿JXUDWLRQ RI FOXVWHU DQG VFLHQWL¿F FRPSXWLQJ of Information Technology at the Central University software. of Technology, hosted the annual conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and ,QIRUPDWLRQ 7HFKQRORJLVWV 6$,&6,7  3URI 3LHWHU Blignaut was elected as Vice-President of SAICSIT. Rouxan Fouché presented a talk titled ‘Head Mouse: *HQHUDOLVDELOLW\RIUHVHDUFKIRFXVHGRQWKHGLVDEOHGWR DEOHERGLHGXVHUV¶'U3LHWHU3RWJLHWHUDIRUPHU3K' student of the department, presented a talk on how H\HWUDFNHUVFDQEHXVHGWRDVVHVVWKHDSSOLFDWLRQRI GLYLVLELOLW\UXOHVZKHQOHDUQHUVKDYHWRGLYLGHDPXOWL GLJLWGLYLGHQGE\DVLQJOHGLJLWGLYLVRU Dr Ruth Wario was awarded the prize for the 2ndEHVW FRQWULEXWHGUHVHDUFKSDSHUDWWKH8)6DQQXDO7HDFKLQJ and Learning Awards ceremony. Petra van Merwe, our $VVLVWDQW 2ႈFHU ZDV SURPRWHG WR 6HQLRU $VVLVWDQW 2ႈFHU 6WDႇ PHPEHUV SUHVHQWHG DW ERWK ORFDO DQG -HDQ3LHUUHGX3OHVVLVZLWKDVWXGHQWWHDPDWWKH¿QDOVRI international conferences. the National Cluster Competition

82 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Hackathon for students ,QDSURJUDPPLQJFKDOOHQJH KDFNDWKRQ IRUVWXGHQWV WKHVWXGHQWVZHUHUHTXLUHGWRZULWHDFRGHWRFRQWUROWKH PRYHPHQWRIDVPDOOYLUWXDOPLQLQJURERWWKDWFROOHFWV minerals scattered around a map. The students’ mining URERWVWKHQFRPSHWHGDJDLQVWHDFKRWKHUDQGWKHWRS three were chosen as winners.

New student waiting area in front of the computer laboratories on the South Campus

Daniël Wium (left) and Jean-Pierre du Plessis (right) with winners of the student hackathon competition

Deep-Learning Indaba 'DQLsO:LXP VWDႇ -HDQ3LHUUHGX3OHVVLV VWDႇ DQG &KULVWLDDQ GX 3ORR\ VWXGHQW  DWWHQGHG WKH ¿UVW HYHU 'HHS /HDUQLQJ ,QGDED KHOG DW WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI WKH :LWZDWHUVUDQG 7KH ,QGDED IRFXVHG RQ GHYHORSLQJ PDFKLQHOHDUQLQJLQ$IULFDDQGFRQVLVWHGRI¿YHGD\V ¿OOHG ZLWK OHFWXUHV RQ GLႇHUHQW W\SHV RI PDFKLQH OHDUQLQJ WHFKQLTXHV DV ZHOO DV SUDFWLFDO KDQGVRQ experience involving the programming aspects of PDFKLQH OHDUQLQJ 7KH LQGDED ZDV SUHVHQWHG E\ researchers from a variety of international institutions, LQFOXGLQJ*RRJOH'HHS0LQG$PD]RQDQG)DFHERRN as well as various other universities. Christiaan du Plooy also presented a poster titled ‘Applying Named Entity Recognition to the Dictionary of Southern African 3ODFH1DPHV¶DWWKH,QGDED $FWLYLWLHV Upgrading of facilities Students working in the renovated Sasol laboratory Several changes were made to our facilities on the South Campus. A waiting area was constructed RXWVLGHWKHFRPSXWHUODERUDWRULHVDQGDQHZUHFHSWLRQ Amazing Race RႈFH DV ZHOO DV DQ RႈFH IRU WHFKQLFDO DVVLVWDQFH was constructed. On the Bloemfontein Campus, the $OO VWDႇ PHPEHUV LQ WKH GHSDUWPHQW WRRN SDUW LQ ÀRRU WLOHV RI WKH 6DVRO ODE ZHUH UHSODFHG DQG D QHZ DQ $PD]LQJ 5DFH HYHQW DV SDUW RI D WHDPEXLOGLQJ HQWUDQFH WR WKH ODE DV ZHOO DV D QHZ RႈFH IRU WKH exercise. The three teams had to decipher clues to WHFKQLFDODVVLVWDQWZHUHEXLOW7KH&6,/DGPLQLVWUDWLYH JHW WR WKH QH[W HYHQW ZKHUH VHYHUDO WHDP PHPEHUV DVVLVWDQW¶VRႈFHZDVDOVRPRYHGWRWKH6DVROODELQ KDGWRSHUIRUPDVSHFL¿FWDVN$FWLYLWLHVLQFOXGHGULGLQJ order to provide a one-stop service centre for students. go-karts, doing latté art at Royal Roastery, as well New, high-resolution data projectors as well as several as decorating cupcakes at the Food and Beverage large computer screens were installed to ensure that ,QVWLWXWH :H DOVR HQMR\HG D IXQ¿OOHG &DVXDO 'D\ students can follow explanations from anywhere in the SOD\LQJSXWWSXWWDQGKDYLQJDKDPEXUJHUEUDDL ODERUDWRU\ afterwards.

83 ERWKWKHIDFXOW\DQGWKHGHSDUWPHQW7KLV6PDUW%&,LV EHLQJ XVHG LQ UHVHDUFK XQGHUWDNHQ E\ 'U /L]HWWH GH Wet and the postdoc fellow in the department, Dr Silas Verkijika. $ %&, LV D FRPSXWHUEDVHG GHYLFH WKDW LV XVHG WR DFTXLUH DQDO\VH DQG WUDQVODWH EUDLQ VLJQDOV LQWR new kinds of outputs. The SmartBCI, a non-evasive, FRPPHUFLDOO\ DYDLODEOH %&, LV D KLJKUHVROXWLRQ HOHFWURHQFHSKDORJUDSK\ ((* EDVHG %&, WKDW KDV SDUWLFXODUO\ EHHQ GHVLJQHG IRU SUDFWLFDO UHVHDUFK applications. The non-invasive nature of the device HQDEOHVLWWRFDSWXUH((*VLJQDOVIURPWKHVFDOSXVLQJ 6WD௺PHPEHUVRIWKHEOXHWHDPZLWKWKHFXSFDNHVWKDWWKH\ neuro-electrodes. decorated BCI devices are widely used as physiological measuring :HKHOGDQRSHQGD\RQRXU4ZDTZD&DPSXVLQ WRROV WR PRQLWRU WKH FRJQLWLYH DQG DႇHFWLYH VWDWHV RI where students from various schools were motivated individuals. The EEG signals are captured in real-time DQG LQIRUPHG DERXW WKH LPSRUWDQFH RI D NQRZOHGJH DQG FDQ EH XVHG IRU D YDULHW\ RI DSSOLFDWLRQV 6RPH EDVHGLQGXVWU\LQORFDOFRPPXQLWLHVDQGWKHEHQH¿WV of the common applications of BCIs include neuro- DVVRFLDWHGZLWKLW7KHQHZPRELOLW\ODEZDVGHVLJQHG UHKDELOLWDWLRQ HGXFDWLRQ DQG VHOIUHJXODWLRQ KXPDQ DQGFRQVWUXFWHGRQWKHGHSDUWPHQWÀRRU,WLVDPRGHUQ computer interaction, information security, neuro- learning space perfectly suited for lecturing and group work. It has state-of-the-art laptops, wireless Internet DFFHVVDQGDKLJKUHVROXWLRQ'SURMHFWRU7KHODEZLOO EH IXUWKHU HQKDQFHG ZLWK PRELOH GHYLFHV LQ  WR VHUYHDVWKHGHSDUWPHQW¶VÀDJVKLSPRELOLW\ODERUDWRU\ :HLQLWLDWHGDFROODERUDWLRQUHVHDUFKSURMHFWZLWKWKH &HQWUDO 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 7HFKQRORJ\ &87  XQGHU WKH OHDGHUVKLSRI'U5XWK:DULR 8)64ZDTZD&DPSXV  DQG 3URIHVVRU 0DVLQGH &87  7KH SURMHFW ZDV MRLQWO\ IXQGHG E\ WKH WZR LQVWLWXWLRQV DQG DQ DPRXQW of R50 000 was awarded. The project aims to tackle climate-change challenges, using ICT and indigenous HQYLURQPHQWDO NQRZOHGJH IURP ERWK 4ZDTZD DQG Bloemfontein. Dr Silas Verkijika, a postdoctoral research fellow in the department, attaches the BCI to a participant’s head

PDUNHWLQJ JDPHVHQWHUWDLQPHQW QHXURHUJRQRPLFV VPDUWHQYLURQPHQWVDQGPHGLFLQH HJGLDJQRVLVDQG QHXURUHKDELOLWDWLRQ  3UHVHQWO\WKH6PDUW%&,LVEHLQJXVHGLQWKH'HSDUWPHQW of Computer Science and Informatics for research in KXPDQFRPSXWHULQWHUDFWLRQ +&, DOWKRXJKWKHUHDUH SRVVLELOLWLHV IRU QXPHURXV LQWHUGLVFLSOLQDU\ UHVHDUFK VWXGLHV$QRQJRLQJVWXG\E\'UV6LODV9HUNLMLNDDQG Lizette de Wet focuses on evaluating the role of HPRWLRQVLQXVHUV¶LQWHUDFWLRQZLWKPRELOHDSSOLFDWLRQV Sentiment analysis Open-day showcase Ian van der Linde is enrolled for a Magister Scientiae in Computer Science and Informatics at the University RESEARCH of the Free State. The aim of his study is to provide Brain-Computer Interaction D FRPSDUDWLYH EHQFKPDUN EHWZHHQ IRXU VHQWLPHQW DQDO\VLV 6$  WHFKQLTXHV LQ D FRPSXWHUFOXVWHU The Department of Computer Science and Informatics HQYLURQPHQW XVLQJ VRFLDO PHGLD DV ELJ GDWD VRXUFH ZHUHDEOHWRREWDLQWKHODWHVWLQEUDLQFRPSXWHULQWHUIDFH 7KH VHQWLPHQWDQDO\VLV WHFKQLTXHV WKDW ZLOO EH %&, WHFKQRORJ\WKH6PDUW%&,ZLWK¿QDQFLDODLGIURP FRPSDUHG DUH SXUH OH[LFRQEDVHG 1DwYH %D\HV D

84 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 IHHGIRUZDUG DUWL¿FLDO QHXUDO QHWZRUN DQG D OLQHDU WKDWRXUVWXGHQWVKDYHDFFHVVWRWKHODWHVWDQGEHVW VXSSRUWYHFWRUPDFKLQH 690 $OORIWKHH[SHULPHQWV technology. Computers that are replaced are donated FRQGXFWHG LQ WKLV VWXG\ XVH UHDOZRUOG ELJ GDWD to schools who can put it to good use. In 2017, we VWUHDPHG IURP 7ZLWWHUŠ SURFHVVHG E\ WKH FRPSXWHU donated 50 computers to Tswellang Special School. cluster. His supervisor is Dr Eduan Kotzé. We are also involved in a continuous maintenance project to maintain the computers. Eye tracking in classrooms Python project Dr Pieter Potgieter completed his PhD study under the supervision of Prof Pieter Blignaut. He used eye The UFS Python Project is an initiative of the tracking to determine whether learners look at the Department of Computer Science and Informatics correct digits to determine if a multi-digit dividend is that teaches programmatic thinking skills to school GLYLVLEOHE\DVLQJOHGLJLWGLYLVRU learners. During 2017, learners participated in two national competitions, namely the Talent Search and the Programming Olympiad. Our learners performed H[FHSWLRQDOO\ZHOOLQERWKFRPSHWLWLRQV

Learners of Sentraal High School in one of the department’s computer laboratories that are equipped with eye trackers 'DQLsO:LXPDVWD௺PHPEHUZLWKVRPHRIWKHOHDUQHUV &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH ZKRUHFHLYHG7DOHQW6HDUFKFHUWL¿FDWHV Service Learning We entered a total of 36 learners and students for the 7DOHQW6HDUFKFRPSHWLWLRQRUJDQLVHGE\WKH,QVWLWXWHRI Second-year Computer Science students enrolled for IT Professionals South Africa. We achieved 13 Gold DFRPPXQLW\EDVHGPRGXOHLQZKLFKPHPEHUVRIWKH FHUWL¿FDWHV WRSQDWLRQZLGH IRXU6LOYHUFHUWL¿FDWHV community are trained in the use of MS Word. QH[W  QDWLRQZLGH  DQG QLQH %URQ]H FHUWL¿FDWHV QH[WQDWLRQZLGH 2XUWRSSHUIRUPHUZDV$OEHUW 'UH\HU ZKR VFRUHG  IRU WKH 6HQLRU *UDGH  DQG VHFWLRQ )RXUWHHQOHDUQHUVHQWHUHGWKH¿UVWURXQGRIWKHQDWLRQDO 3URJUDPPLQJ2O\PSLDG$OEHUW'UH\HUWRSVFRUHGZLWK  )RXU OHDUQHUV TXDOL¿HG IRU WKH VHFRQG URXQG E\REWDLQLQJRUEHWWHULQURXQG,QWKHVHFRQG round, Sean Stott achieved 100%. After the organising

7OKRORKHOR1NDODL ULJKW DVWD௺PHPEHUZLWKDPHPEHURI WKHFRPPXQLW\ZKRUHFHLYHGDFHUWL¿FDWHIRUDWWHQGLQJWKH computer-literacy classes that are presented as part of our service-learning module Tswellang

The department maintains a three-year-rolling Daniël Wium from the department, and Sean Stott with his XSJUDGH SODQ LQ LWV FRPSXWHU ODERUDWRULHV WR HQVXUH FHUWL¿FDWHDWWKH3URJUDPPLQJ2O\PSLDGDZDUGVFHUHPRQ\

85 committee evaluated his code, Sean was chosen as eienskappe van geskrewe Afrikaans in ‘n komplekse RQHRIWKLUWHHQ¿QDOLVWV+HZDVWKH¿UVWOHDUQHUIURP netwerk. LitNet Akademies   . WKH)UHH6WDWHVLQFHWREHLQYLWHGWRWKH¿QDOV Swanepoel, EH, Beyers, C, and 'H :HW / 2017. DQGWKH¿UVWHYHUWRSDUWLFLSDWHXQGHUWKHQDPHRIWKH ([SORULQJ MXGJHPHQW DQG LQWHUQDO ELDV RI OLIH UFS Python project. orientation teachers in sexuality teaching. Journal for :HRႇHU5,6RQRXU4ZDTZD&DPSXVDVHPHVWHU Transdisciplinary Research in South Africa   . course with eight credits, as a service-learning Verkijika, SF, and De Wet, L. 2017. Determining the FRPPXQLW\VHUYLFH7KHREMHFWLYHRIWKHFRXUVHLVWR DFFHVVLELOLW\RIH*RYHUQPHQWZHEVLWHVLQ6XE6DKDUDQ uplift the lifestyle of elderly and young people in the Africa against WCAG 2.0 standard. International 4ZDTZD FRPPXQLW\ E\ VKRZLQJ DQG WHDFKLQJ WKHP Journal of Electronic Government Research    KRZWRXVHFRPSXWHUVDQGZRUNZLWKEDVLF062ႈFH 69. applications. This course is optional for UFS students, ZLWKDERXWVHYHQWRWHQVWXGHQWVIURPRXUGHSDUWPHQW &KDSWHUVLQ%RRNV choosing to do so annually. During the UFS showcase Miller-Naude, CL, Naude, JA, %HHOGHUV 75 and GD\ DQ HYHQW FRPSULVLQJ H[KLELWV IURP GLႇHUHQW Bergh, L. 2017. Visual grammar: An eye-tracking companies and parties, the 2017 RIS242 students SHUVSHFWLYHRQFRJQLWLYHFRPSOH[LW\LQ%LEOLFDO+HEUHZ H[KLELWHGWKHVHUYLFHVZHRႇHUWRWKHFRPPXQLW\ pronunciation. Le-ma’an Ziony Essays in honor of RESEARCH OUTPUTS Ziony Zevit)(*UHHQVSDKQDQG*$*HQGVEXUJ HGV  Oregon, United States of America, Wipf and Stock 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV 3XEOLVKHUV Ahishakiye, E, Opiyo, E, Taremwa, D, and :DULR Conference Contributions 5 2017. Comparative Analysis of Open source Business Intelligence tools for Crime Data Fouche, RC. 2017. Head Mouse: Generalisability Analytics. International Journal of latest Research in of research focused on the disabled to able bodied Engineering and Technology    users. South African Institute of Computer Scientists DQG,QIRUPDWLRQ7HFKQRORJLVWV 6$,&6,7 &RQIHUHQFH Ahishakiye, E, Opiyo, E, :DULR5 and Niyonzima, I. 7KDED¶1FKX6RXWK$IULFD 2017. A Performance Analysis of Business Intelligence 7HFKQLTXHVRQ&ULPH3UHGLFWLRQInternational Journal /RPEDUG :$ 9DQ =\O -+ DQG %HHOGHUV 75. of Computer and Information Technology    2017. Consumer preference with regard to red meat: an Eye-tracker case study. 21st International Farm Blignaut, PJ. 2017. Development of a gaze-controlled Management Congress “Future Farming Systems”, support system for a person in an advanced stage of (GLQEXUJK6FRWODQG multi-sclerosis: a case study. Universal Access in the Information Society   Macharia, P, Muiriri, P, Kumar, P, 1JDUL%DQG:DULR RD. 2017. The feasibility of using an Android-based %OLJQDXW 3-  8VLQJ VPRRWK SXUVXLW FDOLEUDWLRQ LQIDQW ¿QJHUSULQW ELRPHWULFV V\VWHP IRU WUHDWPHQW IRU GLႈFXOWWRFDOLEUDWH SDUWLFLSDQWV Journal of Eye follow-up. IST-Africa 2017 Conference, Windhoek, Movement Research   . 1DPLELD Kotze, JE. 2017. Augmenting a Data Warehousing 0XVXPED * .DQ\L 3 1\RQJHVD + DQG :DULR Curriculum with Emerging Big Data Technologies. 5 2017. Techniques for evaluation and selection Communications in Computer and Information Science of partners for construction projects. Pan SACLA 2017, CCIS730: 128-143. African Conference on Science, Computing and Kotze, JE. 2017. A survey of Data Scientists in South 7HOHFRPPXQLFDWLRQ 3$&7 -XO\ Africa. Communications in Computer and Information Nel, W, and Burger, AJ. 2017. Proving cybercriminals’ Science SACLA 2017, CCIS730: 175-191. possession of stolen credit card details on compromised 0XVXPED*DQG:DULR5 Partner Performance POS devices. 12th,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ&\EHU HYDOXDWLRQ SUREOHP IRU FRQVWUXFWLRQ SURMHFWV Journal Warfare and Security, Dayton, United States of of applied sciences, engineering and technology for America. development.    Irerii, B, and :DULR 5. 2017. An assessment of 1HO (  6WXGHQWV DV FROODERUDWRUV LQ FUHDWLQJ SUHGLFWRUVRIOHDUQHU¶VDWWHQWLRQDQGWKHLULQÀXHQFHWR meaningful learning experiences in technologically- learner’s engagement and learning outcomes in mobile enhanced classrooms: An engaged scholarship learning classroom. IST-Africa 2017 Conference 978- approach. British Journal of Educational Technology 1- 905824-56, IEEE. ISI accredited.    Potgieter, PH, and Blignaut, PJ. 2017. Using eye- Senekal, BA, and Kotze, JE. 2017. Die statistiese tracking to assess the application of divisibility rules

86 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 when dividing a multi-digit dividend by a single digit 0XVXPED*:.DQ\L31\RQJHVD+2DQG:DULR divisor. South African Institute of Computer Scientists 5' 2017. Techniques for evaluation and selection DQG ,QIRUPDWLRQ 7HFKQRORJLVWV 6$,&6,7  7KDED of partners for construction projects SDSHU . Paper ‘Nchu, South Africa. delivered at the Pan African Conference on Science, &RPSXWLQJ DQG 7HOHFRPPXQLFDWLRQV  1DLUREL Papers and Posters Kenia. Bergh, L and %HHOGHUV75. 2017. Eye-tracking studies concerning print media in South Africa SDSHU . 5th Potgieter, PH, and Blignaut, PJ. 2017. A tool to assist Annual Book History Seminar, Pretoria, South Africa. teachers to determine if learners apply the divisibility rule correctly SRVWHU . European Conference on Eye Blignaut, PJ. 2017. Real-time visualisation of student Movements 2017, Wuppertal, Germany. attention in a computer laboratory SRVWHU (XURSHDQ Conference on Eye Movements 2017, Wuppertal, Van der Westhuizen, R, and Blignaut, PJ. 2017. Germany. Using eye-tracking to provide dynamic assistance on the reading skills of beginner readers on desktop or Du Plooy, DC, Kotze, JE, and Du Plessis, JL. 2017. mobile devices SRVWHU . European Conference on Eye Applying named entity recognition on the Dictionary Movements 2017, Wuppertal, Germany. of Southern African Place Names SRVWHU  'HHS /HDUQLQJ,QGDED-RKDQQHVEXUJ6RXWK$IULFD 0DJD]LQH$UWLFOH +ROPTYLVW.=HPEO\V5%HHOGHUV7and Niehorster, /RPEDUG:$9DQ=\O-+DQG%HHOGHUV75 D. 2017 Magnitude and variability in eye-tracking data $OOH Rs LV RS URRLYOHLVYHUEUXLNHUV HQ KXO YRRUNHXUH SDSHU  (XURSHDQ &RQIHUHQFH RQ (\H 0RYHPHQW Veeplaas   2017, Wuppertal, Germany. STAFF +XEHU0DQG:LXP'- 2017. :KHUHGRZHORRN" Professor: PJ Blignaut. Eye-tracking in petrology SDSHU . 9th Annual Meeting of the Igneous and Metamorphic Studies Group, Associate Professor: TR Stott. -RKDQQHVEXUJ6RXWK$IULFD Adjunct Professor: E Nel. -DQVHYDQ5HQVEXUJ(2EHUKRO]HU0and%OLJQDXW Senior Lecturers: L de Wet, JE Kotzé, Dr R Wario. 3- 2017. OT Eye: A tool to guide intervention and monitor progress during occupational therapy SRVWHU  Lecturers: RW Brown, AJ Burger, JL du Plessis, R European Conference on Eye Movements 2017, Fouché, WSJ Marais, W Nel, TS Nkalai, DJ Wium, G Wuppertal, Germany. 'ROOPDQ%0DVH$0XVD)5DGHEH Loth, CR, /LORNRH*DQG'X3OHVVLV-/. 2017. Using Junior Lecturers:0$7KDNDVR7/HVHVD%6HEDVWLDQ technology to raise awareness about place names as 6HQLRU2ႈFHU S Opperman. cultural heritage SDSHU . International Symposium on 3ODFH1DPHV:LQGKRHN1DPLELD 6HQLRU$VVLVWDQW2ႈFHUV C Cilliers, W du Toit, V van der Bank. Mase, B. 2017. Using educational videos to improve knowledge retention in computer programming SDSHU . Technical Assistant: M Makhanya. National Conference on Distance Education and Open $VVLVWDQW2ႈFHUV C Afrika, S de Klerk, MS Mocwana, Learning, Bloemfontein, South Africa. M Mahakoe, P van der Merwe.

87 DEPARTMENT OF Consumer Sciences

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV Prof HJH Steyn Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Consumer Science University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 2301 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview 7KH 'HSDUWPHQW RI &RQVXPHU 6FLHQFH VHHNV WR HTXLS RXU XQGHUJUDGXDWH VWXGHQWVZLWKWKHNQRZOHGJHWRLGHQWLI\DQGXQGHUVWDQGWKHQHHGVRILQGLYLGXDOV DQGIDPLOLHVUHJDUGLQJIRRGFORWKLQJDQGKRXVLQJDQGWKHVNLOOVWRKHOSWKHP IXOÀOWKHVHQHHGVZLWKDYDLODEOHUHVRXUFHV :H DOVR VWULYH WR PRWLYDWH DQG OHDG SRVWJUDGXDWH VWXGHQWV WR XQGHUWDNH UHVHDUFKSURMHFWVWRVWUHQJWKHQWKHVFLHQWLÀFEDVLVIURPZKLFKWKHFRQVXPHUFDQ EHQHÀWLQWKHÀHOGVRIFORWKLQJWH[WLOHVDQGIRRG5HJXODUUHYLVLRQRIPRGXOHV DQGPRGXOHFRQWHQWLVQHFHVVDU\WRNHHSWKHTXDOLÀFDWLRQUHOHYDQW :H RIIHU D WKUHH\HDU % &RQVXPHU 6FLHQFH GHJUHH D IRXU\HDU %6F +RPH (FRQRPLFV )RRGV  GHJUHH D %6F+RQV +RPH (FRQRPLFV DQ 06F +RPH (FRQRPLFVDQGD3K'GHJUHH

ACHIEVEMENTS FRQGXFWHGLQ/HVRWKRZKHUHUXUDODQGXUEDQDUHDVDUH EHLQJFRPSDUHG 6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV ‘Evaluating policies and developing intervention Malessa Louw won the Free State Women’s Agricultural programmes to improve food insecurity and 8QLRQ$ZDUGIRUWKHEHVWVWXGHQWLQ6KHDOVRZRQ YXOQHUDELOLW\¶ $ SLORW VWXG\ LQ 6ZD]LODQG LV FXUUHQWO\ WKH%HWK(UODQNSUL]HIRUWKHEHVWVWXGHQWLQ&ORWKLQJ underway to investigate the level of food insecurity $FWLYLWLHV DQGYXOQHUDELOLW\RIKRXVHKROGV)XUWKHUPRUHSROLFLHV Prof Hester Steyn attended the IFHE Annual leadership are evaluated to determine whether it is realistically meeting in Sligo, Ireland. The theme of the conference KHOSLQJ WKH KRXVHKROG EHFRPH OHVV IRRG LQVHFXUH ZDV µ6XVWDLQDEOH DQG +HDOWK\ /LIHVW\OHV 3ROLF\ 3RVVLEOHORRSKROHVZLOOEHLGHQWL¿HGWRDLGLQGHYHORSLQJ Pedagogy and Practice’. They worked on a detailed intervention programmes or solutions in assisting the DFWLYLW\SODQWRVWUHQJWKHQRXUJOREDOQHWZRUNSURPRWLQJ household to gain a food-secure status. Home Economics and Home Economics Education to ‘'HWHUPLQLQJ WKH OLQN EHWZHHQ IRRG LQVHFXULW\ DQG support families, individuals, and communities in order PDOQXWULWLRQDQGLGHQWLI\LQJSRVVLEOHDUHDVRIFRQFHUQ to meet their multi-faceted challenges. WR SROLF\ PDNHUV¶ 0DQ\ DSSUR[LPDWHO\  PLOOLRQ  Prof Hester Steyn delivered the keynote address at South Africans are malnourished. Understanding the the 2017 IFHE Africa Regional Conference in Uyo, OLQNEHWZHHQIRRGLQVHFXULW\DQGPDOQRXULVKPHQWDQG Nigeria, on ‘Developing Skills for Improved Social LGHQWLI\LQJSRVVLEOHFDXVLQJIDFWRUVPLJKWDVVLVWSROLF\ and Economic Conditions of Families and Global PDNHUV7KLVZLOOKDYHDSRVLWLYHHႇHFWRQFRPPXQLWLHV Communities: Home Economics Future Direction’. EHFDXVHWKHUHDUHVWURQJVXJJHVWLRQVWKDWUDLVLQJIRRG VHFXULW\PLJKWGHFUHDVHPDOQRXULVKPHQW¿JXUHV We hosted and managed the Consumer Studies Olympiad for Grade 11 and 12 learners. Recycling %DUULHUVDQGSLWIDOOVSUHYHQWLQJHDWHULHVDQGEDUVIURP RESEARCH recycling. Barriers preventing recycling services from Food Security PRWLYDWLQJ HDWHULHV DQG EDUV WR UHF\FOH 6WDUWLQJ D UHF\FOLQJLQLWLDWLYHLQ&HQWUDO6RXWK$IULFDDQGSRVVLEO\ ‘(QVXULQJ VXVWDLQDEOH )RRG 6HFXULW\ WKURXJK WKH FROODERUDWLQJZLWKJRYHUQPHQW reduction of food waste’: On average, South African consumers waste approximately 24 kg of food per 5HF\FOLQJEHKDYLRXUDQGEDUULHUVRIDSSDUHO FORWKLQJ week. This results in an estimated R505 million DUWLFOHV LQ%ORHPIRQWHLQ8QFRYHULQJSRVVLELOLWLHVDQG food waste annually. Of the 112 municipalities in LQIRUPLQJWKHSXEOLF RXU FRXQWU\ RQO\ WZR UHSRUW IRRG ZDVWH ¿JXUHV 7KH *UHHQ FRQVXPHULVP %X\LQJ EHKDYLRXU DQG EDUULHUV greater scope of the projects in this category aims to preventing consumers from purchasing ‘green’ determine how much and what type of food is wasted, products. DV ZHOO DV WKH SHUFHSWLRQV DWWLWXGHV DQG EHKDYLRXU of consumers towards food waste. South Africa is a 2YHUDOO ZH KDYH HVWDEOLVKHG WKDW FRQVXPHUV LQ culturally rich and diverse country, therefore each Bloemfontein and central South Africa lack information proposed solution given as a result of the research, DQG NQRZOHGJH DERXW WKH FRQVHTXHQFHV RI WKHLU LV FXOWXUH DQG ORFDWLRQVSHFL¿F 6LPLODU VWXGLHV DUH ZDVWHIXOEHKDYLRXUFROODERUDWLRQZLWKSRVVLEOHVHUYLFHV

89 and government as well as the municipality might lead WRPRUHVXVWDLQDEOHEHKDYLRXU Edible insects &RQVXPHUVPXVWEHFRPHPRUHDZDUHRIWKHQHJDWLYH environmental impact of the meat industry, advocating WKHQHHGWR¿QGRWKHUDOWHUQDWLYHVLQRUGHUWRQRWH[SORLW all the natural resources. The research project’s focus is RQWKHXVHRIHGLEOHLQVHFWVDVDQDOWHUQDWLYHVRXUFHRI protein. Positive sensory experiences play a necessary UROHLQWKHSURFHVVRIOHDUQLQJWRDFFHSWDIRRGEXWDUH LQDGHTXDWHZKHQXQXVXDODQGFXOWXUDOO\LQDSSURSULDWH foods are involved – as curious tasting does not LPSO\DFFHSWDQFH(ႇRUWVPXVWEHPDGHWRLQWURGXFH Students working residents at Kopano Disabillities Centre unusual novel foods, such as insects, to consumers. An understanding of consumer expectations regarding WKH FRQVXPSWLRQ RI HGLEOH LQVHFWV PXVW DOVR EH considered. 7KH DLP RI WKLV UHVHDUFK LV WR ¿QG DFFHSWDEOH sensory ways of using crickets and mealworms as SURWHLQ DOWHUQDWLYHV DQG DV VRXUFHV RI VXVWDLQDEOH protein, which will reduce economic costs with less environmental impact. The development of various products through the use of insect protein will test the willingness of consumers to utilise insect protein and also test the taste to see if it is compromised in any manner. Results will indicate if the use of insects as a KHDOWK\VXVWDLQDEOHDQGDႇRUGDEOHVRXUFHRISURWHLQ ZLOOEHDFFHSWDEOHWRFRQVXPHUV 5HVLGHQWVRIWKHGLVDELOOLWLHV&HQWUHUHFHLYHGDFHUWL¿FDWH &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH after completing the workshops presented by the students 2XU&RPPXQLW\'HYHORSPHQW¿QDO\HDUVWXGHQWVZHUH LQYROYHG LQ FRPPXQLW\ VHUYLFH DW .RSDQR GLVDELOLW\ DQG SUHVHQWLQJ HDFK SDUWLFLSDQW ZLWK D FHUWL¿FDWH WR centre. As a class, our aim was to teach participants thank them for their enthusiasm and participation. Their new skills that will help them generate income for IDFHVUDGLDWHGKDSSLQHVVRQUHFHLSWRIWKHFHUWL¿FDWHV themselves after the intervention. We helped them DQGZHZHUHRYHUZKHOPHGE\WKHLUJUDWLWXGHDQGMR\DW WR ZRUN RQ YDULRXV WDVNV WKH FRORXU ZKHHO ÀRZHU our relatively small gesture. EURRFKHVSDLQWLQJFDQYDVHVDQGPDNLQJEODQNHWV 2XU VWXGHQWV ERXJKW VRPH RI WKH SURGXFWV DQG WKH ,Q WKH ¿UVW WDVN SDUWLFLSDQWV ZHUH LQWURGXFHG WR WKH UHVW UHPDLQHG DW WKH FHQWUH IRU$3' $VVRFLDWLRQ IRU colour wheel to help them make correct colour- 3HRSOHZLWK'LVDELOLWLHV WRVHOOLW$OOIXQGVJHQHUDWHG FRPELQDWLRQFKRLFHVJRLQJIRUZDUG'XULQJWKHVHFRQG as well as student donations, was given to the centre SDUWLFLSDQWVOHDUQWKRZWRPDNHIDEULFÀRZHUV:HDOVR to help them with their daily needs. HQFRXUDJHG WKHP WR XVH WKHLU FUHDWLYLW\ E\ SDLQWLQJ canvases and decorating photo frames. The last task RESEARCH OUTPUTS LQYROYHG PDNLQJ EODQNHWV :H KHOSHG WKHP WR VHZ 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV ZRUGV VXFK DV ³EHOLHYH KDSS\ DQG SLFQLF´ RQ SODLQ Van der Merwe, I, Steyn, HJH, Hugo, CJ, and Schall, JUH\EODQNHWV7KHSDUWLFLSDQWVHQMR\HGHDFKWDVN 5  7KH SK\VLFDO ¿EUH SURSHUWLHV RI Gonometa One of the major challenges we faced was a language Postica DIWHU GHJXPPLQJ WKH FRFRRQV ZLWK GLႇHUHQW EDUULHU EHFDXVH PRVW RI WKH SDUWLFLSDQWV FRXOG RQO\ methods. Journal of Family Ecology and Consumer speak Sesotho, while others were hearing-impaired. Sciences 45. However, the practical nature of this intervention Seiphetlheng, K, Steyn, HJH, and Schall, R. 2017. KHOSHGXVWRRYHUFRPHPRVWFRPPXQLFDWLRQEDUULHUV $QRO\WH DV DQ DOWHUQDWLYH EOHDFK IRU VWDLQHG FRWWRQ At the end of the project the class hosted a small IDEULFV Journal of Family Ecology and Consumer function for the participants – cooking and serving soup Sciences 2.

90 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Pheto-Moeti, B, Riekert, DM, and Pelser, AJ. 2017. in health-promoting mayonnaise products. South Perceptions of seshoeshoe IDEULF QDPLQJ DQG African Association for Food Science & Technology PHDQLQJVRIPRWLIVRQIDEULFJournal of Family Ecology 6$$)R67 QG%LHQQLDO,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQJUHVVDQG and Consumer Sciences 2. ([KLELWLRQ&DSH7RZQ Conference Contributions STAFF Du Toit, A, De Witt, M, Fouché, HJ, Hugo, A, and Associate Professor: Prof HJH Steyn. Venter, SL. 2017. Rheological characterization of cactus pear mucilage for application in nutraceutical Lecturers: Dr JF Vermaas, Dr I van der Merwe, and Dr food products. ,; ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQJUHVV 2Q &DFWXV N Cronjé. Pear And Cochineal, Chile. Junior Lecturers: PZ Swart, N Tinta, and JS van Zyl. Du Toit, A, De Witt, M, and Fouché, HJ. 2017. Part-time Contract Lecturers: Dr A du Toit and F van Determination of the functional properties of cactus Tonder. pear mucilage from cladodes of four South African 6HQLRU2ႈFHU3URIHVVLRQDO6HUYLFHV'-DFREV cultivars. ,; ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQJUHVV 2Q &DFWXV 3HDU And Cochineal, Chile. 2ႈFHU3URIHVVLRQDO6HUYLFHV C Denner. Du Toit, A, De Witt, M, Taljaart, M, and Bothma, 6HQLRU$VVLVWDQW2ႈFHU W van der Walt. C. 2017. The application of cactus pear mucilage

9191 DEPARTMENT OF Genetics

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV 3URI-3*UREOHU Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Genetics University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 3844 Fax: +27 86 518 7317 (PDLOJUREOHUMS#XIVDF]D Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview 'XULQJVHYHUDOVWDIIPHPEHUVLQWKH'HSDUWPHQWRI*HQHWLFVSUHVHQWHG LQYLWHGOHFWXUHVDWVFLHQWLÀFPHHWLQJVLQWHUQDWLRQDOO\DQGZLWKLQ6RXWK$IULFD 0RVWRWKHUVWDIIPHPEHUVDOVRSDUWLFLSDWHGLQVFLHQWLÀFPHHWLQJV7KHH[SHUWLVH RIVHYHUDOVWDIIPHPEHUVZDVUHFRJQLVHGE\SDUWLFLSDWLRQLQOHDGHUVKLSUROHVLQ QDWLRQDOSURIHVVLRQDORUJDQLVDWLRQV $FWLYLWLHVLQRXUVHYHQHVWDEOLVKHGUHVHDUFKSURJUDPPHVFRQWLQXHGZLWKQHZ IRU GHYHORSPHQWVLQFOXGLQJWKHDUULYDORIDQHZJHQHWLFDQDO\VHUDQG WKHODXQFKRIDQHZUHVHDUFKIRFXVLQ]HEUDÀVKJHQHWLFV&ROODERUDWLRQZDV HYLGHQWLQYLVLWVIURP86$DQG8.VFLHQWLVWVDVZHOODVPDQ\ORFDOFROODERUDWLRQV 7KH YDOXH RI FROODERUDWLRQV DQG WKH FRQWULEXWLRQ RI DIÀOLDWHG VWDII ZHUH DOVR GHPRQVWUDWHGE\RXURXWSXWV2YHUDOOZHSURGXFHGSDSHUVLQDFFUHGLWHG MRXUQDOVLQZLWKDWRWDORIFRQIHUHQFHFRQWULEXWLRQV)LQDOO\WREHWWHU VHUYH RXU PDQGDWH LQ SUHSDULQJ XQGHUJUDGXDWH VWXGHQWV IRU D FDUHHU LQ *HQHWLFVZHODXQFKHGDQHZPRGXOHZLWKDYHU\VWURQJDSSOLHGFRPSRQHQW FRYHULQJSUDFWLFDOLWLHVHQFRXQWHUHGLQWKHSURIHVVLRQDOÀHOG

ACHIEVEMENTS 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV 3URI 3DXO *UREOHU GHOLYHUHG D NH\QRWH DGGUHVV DW Dr Karen Ehlers was invited as a keynote speaker to th the annual meeting of the Australasian Wildlife the 6 $IULFDQ 6RFLHW\ RI )RUHQVLF 0HGLFLQH $6)0  0DQDJHPHQW 6RFLHW\ $:06  LQ .DWRRPED QHDU Congress, to address the topic of DNA forensics 6\GQH\$XVWUDOLD+HVSRNHDERXWWKHJHQHWLFLVVXHV in South Africa. She also continued her term on the WKDW DႇHFW ZLOGOLIH PDQDJHPHQW LQ 6RXWK $IULFD National Forensic Oversight and Ethics Board; with 3URIHVVRU*UREOHUDOVRFRPPHQFHGKLVVHFRQGWHUPDV Frank Maleka serving on the council of the South African President of the Southern African Wildlife Management Genetics Society. Prof Antoinette Kotzé was invited to Association. Dr Gerda Marx was re-elected as an attend and participate in the Forensic Alliance Against H[HFXWLYH PHPEHU RI WKH 6RFLHW\ IRU (QGRFULQRORJ\ :LOGOLIH &ULPH )$D:&  KDUPRQLVDWLRQ ZRUNVKRS LQ 0HWDEROLVPDQG'LDEHWHVRI6RXWK$IULFD 6(0'6$  the Hague, the Netherlands. Prof Desire Dalton was 'U0DU[ZDVDOVRHOHFWHGWRVHUYHDVPHPEHURIWKH LQYLWHGE\WKH1DWXUDO+LVWRU\0XVHXP9LHQQD$XVWULD academic programme organising committee for the as a plenary speaker at the 3rd Annual meeting on ,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRI(QGRFULQRORJ\ ,&( WREH Conservation Genetics. KRVWHGLQ&DSH7RZQLQ'HFHPEHU)XUWKHUPRUH 7HDFKLQJDQGOHDUQLQJ she was awarded a fully paid travel award to attend the We introduced a new module, ‘Genetics in practice’ (XURSHDQ$VVRFLDWLRQIRUWKH6WXG\RI'LDEHWHV VWXG\ FRGH *(1(  7KLV LV D VSHFLDOLVDWLRQ ($6' &RQIHUHQFHKHOGLQ/LVERQ3RUWXJDOIURP PRGXOHZKHUHWKLUG\HDUVWXGHQWVZLOOEHH[SRVHGWR WR6HSWHPEHU7KHFRQIHUHQFHZDVDWWHQGHGE\ applied aspects and recent advances in Genetics. The 000 delegates from around the world. PRGXOH LV VSHFL¿FDOO\ DLPHG DW H[SRVLQJ VWXGHQWV WR YHU\UHFHQWDGYDQFHVEXWDOVRSUDFWLFDOFRQVLGHUDWLRQV LQ WKHLU ¿HOG DQG FRYHUV GLYHUVH WRSLFV UDQJLQJ IURP WKH IXQGDPHQWDOV RI *RRG &OLQLFDO 3UDFWLFH *&3  DQG *RRG &OLQLFDO /DERUDWRU\ 3UDFWLFH *&/3  WR regulations covering the use of animal and plant genetic UHVRXUFHVIRUFRPPHUFLDOSXUSRVHV %LRSURVSHFWLQJ  DQG HWKLFDO UHTXLUHPHQWV DVVRFLDWHG ZLWK JHQHWLF PDWHULDO(VWDEOLVKHGPRGXOHVZHUHDOVRFRQWLQXRXVO\ improved, with particularly the newer modules in )RUHQVLF 6FLHQFH EHLQJ GHYHORSHG WR SURYLGH QHZ levels of training in Forensic sciences.

93 RESEARCH studies involving vervet monkeys and ungulates. He initiated additional research work in this area, with General D IRFXV RQ WKH OLQN EHWZHHQ VHOHFWLRQ JHRJUDSKLF 5HVHDUFKFDSDFLW\LQWKHGHSDUWPHQWZDVVLJQL¿FDQWO\ YDULDWLRQDQG¿WQHVV+HVPDUL%LQGHPDQLQYHVWLJDWHG enhanced with the arrival of an ABI 3500 Genetic SDWWHUQV RI GLႇHUHQWLDWLRQ DQG FRHYROXWLRQ EHWZHHQ Analyser. We thank the Directorate of Research the caterpillar Imbrasia belina and the tree it feeds Development and the Dean of the Faculty of Natural on – Colophospermum mopane 3URI *UREOHU DQG DQG$JULFXOWXUDO6FLHQFHVIRUPDNLQJWKLVSRVVLEOH,Q Bindeman are also involved in studies regarding farm- DGGLWLRQ WKH VHTXHQFHU ZLOO SURYLGH VHUYLFHV WR WKH animal genetic resources, including the Boerperd, rest of the university community involved in molecular /HWHOOHVKHHSDQG1JXQLVKHHS ZLWK'U.DUHQ(KOHUV JHQHWLFUHVHDUFK7KUHHRIRXUVWDႇPHPEHUVDWWHQGHG DOVRLQYROYHGLQWKHODWWHUVWXG\  a three-day training course on the use and maintenance 7ZR DႈOLDWHG VWDႇ PHPEHUV IURP WKH 1DWLRQDO RIWKHHTXLSPHQW =RRORJLFDO*DUGHQV 1=* 3URIV$QWRLQHWWH.RW]pDQG We also launched a formal Departmental Research Desire Dalton, are engaged in a wide range of studies Committee in 2017. The mandate of the committee LQ WKH ¿HOG RI FRQVHUYDWLRQ JHQHWLFV 3URMHFWV ZLWK D is to provide support for the AHD in formulating and UFS link include work on African pangolins, vultures, implementing a departmental research strategy, ZKLWHZLQJHGÀXႇWDLO ELUGV DQG]HEUD promoting a strong research culture, and fostering Forensic Genetics research. At a practical level, the research committee ZLOO KDQGOH WKH VXEPLVVLRQ DQG DSSURYDO RI SURMHFW Letecia Wessels and Lucinda van der Westhuizen proposals for postgraduate students, monitor 06FVWXGHQW FRQWLQXHGWKHLUZRUNRQWKHDQDO\VLVRI our progress against peers, support early-career GLႇHUHQWLDOJHQHH[SUHVVLRQWRHVWDEOLVKDPRUHDFFXUDWH UHVHDUFKHUVPDNHVXUHHWKLFDODQGOHJDO SHUPLWWLQJ  post-mortem interval during forensic investigations. UHTXLUHPHQWV DUH DGKHUHG WR H[SORUH IXQGLQJ The focus of the research is on Chrysomya albiceps opportunities, manage our CRF allocation, facilitate pupae, as very little morphological changes occur mentorship opportunities, ensure that we use research during this developmental stage. This research project seminars optimally, and formulate a strategy for ZDV SUHVHQWHG DW ERWK WKH WK 1DWLRQDO )RUHQVLF UHVHDUFKHTXLSPHQW Services Conference and the 6th Annual Conference of the African Society of Forensic Medicine in 2017. :HFRQGXFWUHVHDUFKDQGWUDLQLQJXQGHUVHYHQEURDG 0WKH0DQTDQDSUHVHQWHGUHVXOWVIURPKLV06FVWXG\ themes: Behavioural Genetics, Conservation and regarding the collection of human touch DNA from Population Genetics, Forensic Genetics, Forensic rhino skin at the 4th Forensic Services Conference in Science, Human Genetics, Molecular Systematics, Pretoria. and Plant Molecular Genetics and Genomics. Behavioural Genetics Zurika Murray continued to research the complexities of the monoamine neurotransmitters’ involvement in PRGXODWLQJ QRUPDO DQG DEQRUPDO KXPDQ EHKDYLRXU 7KH QRUPDO EHKDYLRXU LQFOXGH SUREOHP VROYLQJ DQG anxiety response in simulated stress environments, ZKHUHDVWKHDEQRUPDOEHKDYLRXUIRFXVHVRQMXYHQLOH GHOLQTXHQF\ VWXGLHG LQ FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK VSHFL¿F VFKRROV  Conservation and Population Genetics 3URI 3DXO *UREOHU FRQWLQXHG ZLWK VHYHUDO SURMHFWV LQ WKH ¿HOG RI FRQVHUYDWLRQ JHQHWLFV ZLWK D IRFXV RQ K\EULGLVDWLRQ LQYROYLQJ ZLOGHEHHVW DQG WKH phylogeography of several species, with a strong IRFXV RQ YHUYHW PRQNH\V ZLWK 3URI7UXG\7XUQHU DV FROODERUDWRU  +H DOVR VWXGLHV WKH JHQHWLF HႇHFWV RI LQWHQVLYHDQGVHOHFWLYHEUHHGLQJRIXQXVXDOSKHQRW\SHV LQ XQJXODWHV 'U 5LsO &RHW]HU LV DOVR LQYROYHG LQ WKH

94 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Dr Karen Ehlers and her students continued various XVHG D QH[WJHQHUDWLRQ VHTXHQFLQJ 1*6  SODWIRUP SURMHFWV LQ WKH ¿HOGV RI )RUHQVLF *HQHWLFV ZLWK D ,OOXPLQD WRVHTXHQFHWKHÀRZHUWUDQVFULSWRPHRIClivia strong emphasis on Y-chromosome markers, wildlife miniata. He is currently validating the expression of a crime, and molecular phenotypic. few select pigmentation genes as well as analysing the molecular evolution of such genes in Clivia. Maleka is Forensic Science DOVRFROODERUDWLQJZLWKWKH'HSDUWPHQWRI6RLO&OLPDWH Dr Sonja Brink has a strong emphasis on Forensic and Crop Sciences, UFS, on research involving the (QWRPRORJ\=HHQDW5DႈHVSHFLDOLVHVLQWR[LFRORJ\DQG use of an NGS approach to determine the genetic LVFXUUHQWO\VWXG\LQJWKHXVHRIOLTXLGFKURPDWRJUDSK\ EDVLVEHWZHHQORZDQGKLJKELRPDVV\LHOGLQJFXOWLYDUV PDVV VSHFWURPHWU\ /&06  DQDO\VLV RI WKH SHSWLGH in cactus pear. KXPDQ FKRULRQLF JRQDGRWURSLQ K&*  7KH WKLUG =HEUD¿VKDVDPRGHORUJDQLVP PHPEHURIWKH)RUHQVLF6FLHQFHWHDP±7LQXV9LOMRHQ± IRFXVHVRQWKHFKHPLFDODVSHFWVRIWKLV¿HOG 6HYHUDOPHPEHUVRIVWDႇ±3URI3DXO*UREOHU'U5LsO Coetzer, Sue-Rica Schneider, and Zurika Murray – Human Genetics ODXQFKHG D QHZ UHVHDUFK IRFXV RQ ]HEUD¿VK 7KLV 'U * 0DU[ FRQWLQXHG KHU UHVHDUFK RQ GLDEHWHV YHQWXUHLVEDVHGRQWKHXVHRI]HEUD¿VKDVDQDQLPDO predictive markers and has expanded the research PRGHOIRUKXPDQGLVRUGHUVWKHUHODWLRQVKLSVEHWZHHQ VFRSH WR GLDEHWHV DV FRPRUELGLW\ IRU SDWLHQWV RQ ERWWOHQHFNV DQG ¿WQHVV DQG DVSHFWV RI EHKDYLRXUDO KLJKO\ DFWLYH DQWLUHWURYLUDO WUHDWPHQW +$$57  6XH genetics. 5LFD 6FKQHLGHU LV LQYHVWLJDWLQJ JHQHWLF VXVFHSWLELOLW\ &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH WRZDUGV SV\FKLDWULF GLVRUGHUV 6KH DOVR FROODERUDWHV with a private fertility clinic to research the genetic Dr Gerda Marx is part of a team of researchers FRQWULEXWLRQWRZDUGVLGLRSDWKLFPDOHLQIHUWLOLW\ WKDW UHFHLYHG D VXEVWDQWLDO JUDQW IURP WKH )UHH State Department of Health to investigate the state Molecular Systematics RI FDUGLRYDVFXODU DQG PHWDEROLF KHDOWK RI QHZO\ Dr Gryzenhout is developing her research programme diagnosed HIV patients in the Free State. The grant LQWKHELRV\VWHPDWLFVRIIXQJLDQGGHYHORSLQJFDSDFLW\ PDNHVSURYLVLRQIRUWKHEDVHOLQHDQGIROORZXSWHVWLQJ DW WKH 8)6 LQ PROHFXODU ELRV\VWHPDWLFV 6KH LV of 1 000 participants on antiretroviral treatment LQYROYHGLQGHYHORSLQJPROHFXODUWHFKQLTXHVVXFKDV $57  LQ WKH )UHH 6WDWH WR GHWHUPLQH FRPRUELGLWLHV WKHXVHRIQH[WJHQHUDWLRQVHTXHQFLQJWRGHWHFWDQG associated with HIV-ART. Dr Marieka Gryzenhout identify fungi from environmental samples such as continues to closely engage with citizen scientists soils, agricultural crops, and indigenous plants. She is around South Africa to aid them in identifying fungi, DOVRHQJDJHGZLWKFROODERUDWLRQVWRDLGLGHQWLI\ing and ZKLOHWKH\FRQWULEXWHWRKHUUHVHDUFKSURJUDPPH6KH surveying fungi of importance to humans from plants is also active in online citizen initiatives with the Animal and the environment, using classical morphology and Demography Unit at the University of Cape Town. '1$VHTXHQFHFRPSDULVRQV6KHDOVRHPEDUNHGRQ 1DWLRQDODQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ROODERUDWLRQ GHYHORSLQJWKHRQO\IXOO\ÀHGJHGUHVHDUFKSURJUDPPH RQ WKH ELRV\VWHPDWLFV RI ODUJHU IXQJL VXFK DV 3URI 3DXO *UREOHU FRQWLQXHG KLV FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK mushrooms, in South Africa. Prof Trudy Turner from the University of Wisconsin- 0LOZDXNHHZKRLVDOVRDQDႈOLDWHG3URIHVVRUDWWKH 8)67KLVFROODERUDWLRQ\LHOGHGDSDSHULQWKHMRXUQDO Nature Genetics in 2017, following an extensive LQWHUQDWLRQDO FROODERUDWLYH SURMHFW WKDW DOVR LQYROYHG researchers from several other universities in the USA, as well as Austria, China, and the United Kingdom. In July 2017, she visited the UFS and collected samples from vervet monkey populations in KwaZulu-Natal. Locally, the Conservation Genetics team continued WKHLUVWURQJFROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK3URIV$QWRLQHWWH.RW]p and Desire Dalton from the National Zoological Gardens. Prof Kotzé attended and participated in the ¿UVW ,8&1 &RQVHUYDWLRQ *HQHWLFV 6SHFLDOLVW *URXS Plant Molecular Genetics and Genomics workshop held in Antwerp, Belgium. She also visited Frank Maleka is engaged in research on the genetics Prof Fred Allendorf at the University of Montana, USA, RIÀRZHUSLJPHQWDWLRQLQClivia plants. He previously WRVWUHQJWKHQFROODERUDWLRQV

95 Prof Cristian Capelli from the Department of Zoology, Tshwane University of Technology. Two MSc students University of Oxford, Tutorial Fellow in Human – Adri Barnard and Polo Mokoma – were awarded Sciences, St Hugh’s College, visited the department their degrees in Forensic Entomology and Forensic from 28 to 29 March and gave a presentation regarding Genetics respectively. his research programme in human evolution. STAFF MATTERS 3URI 3DXO *UREOHU ZDV RႈFLDOO\ DSSRLQWHG DV WKH Academic Head of Department in June, after acting in the position for some time. Tinus Viljoen spent some WLPH RQ VDEEDWLFDO OHDYH WR FRPSOHWH KLV 3K' )LYH RWKHUVWDႇPHPEHUVDUHDOVRHQJDJHGLQ3K'VWXGLHV 8QIRUWXQDWHO\ ZH KDG WR VD\ JRRGE\H WR 'U (OOHQ Mwenesongole, who accepted a position in Botswana, EXWZLOOUHWDLQDOLQNZLWKWKHGHSDUWPHQWDVDႈOLDWHG Senior Lecturer. As replacement for Dr Mwenesongole, we welcomed Dr Sonja Brink to our ranks. Dr Brink LVDIRUHQVLFHQWRPRORJLVWZKRLVDOUHDG\FRQWULEXWLQJ VXEVWDQWLDOO\ WR WKH )RUHQVLF 6FLHQFHV SURJUDPPH =HHQDW 5DႈH DOVR MRLQHG WKH )RUHQVLF 6FLHQFH Lt Col Anton Lucassen from the SAPS Forensic team. Tanya Cornwell and Akhelethu Sithole left 'LYLVLRQKDVEHHQDVVRFLDWHGZLWKWKH'HSDUWPHQWRI the department during 2017 to explore other career *HQHWLFV IRU VHYHUDO \HDUV DV DQ DႈOLDWHG OHFWXUHU options. In 2017, he provided training to the department’s Honours students on the statistical approaches used at RESEARCH OUTPUTS WKH6$36IRUHQVLFODERUDWRULHV:DUUDQW2ႈFHU7KHR 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV Viljoen from the Local Criminal Record Centre of the $KPHG 66 $EGHO5DKPDQ 60 *UREOHU -3 DQG SAPS also provided training to postgraduate students Kotzé, A. 2017. Allelic diversity of DQA2 exon 2 gene on the topic of crime-scene investigation. in Egyptian goat populations. Indian Journal of Animal Research'2,LMDUYL2) $KPHG 6 *UREOHU -3 0DGLVKD 7 DQG .RW]p $  0LWRFKRQGULDO 'ORRS VHTXHQFHV UHYHDO D mixture of endemism and immigration in Egyptian goat populations. Mitochondrial DNA  ± %DUDVD-(0G\RJROR6$ELOD5*UREOHU-36NLOWRQ RA, Bindeman, H, Njahira, MN, Chemoiwa, EJ, Dangasuk, OG, Kaunda-Arara, B, and Verheyen, E. 2017. Genetic diversity and population structure of the $IULFDQ FDW¿VK Clarias gariepinus %XUFKHOO   LQ .HQ\D LPSOLFDWLRQ IRU FRQVHUYDWLRQ DQG DTXDFXOWXUH Belgian Journal of Zoology  ± 'U0DULHND*U\]HQKRXWFROODERUDWHVVWURQJO\ZLWKWKH 'DOWRQ '/ 6PLW5RELQVRQ +$ 9HUPDDN ( -DUYLV Biosystematics division of the Agricultural Research E, and Kotzé, A. 2017. Is there genetic connectivity &RXQFLO UHJDUGLQJ UHVHDUFK RQ D QXPEHU RI IXQJL DPRQJWKHFULWLFDOO\HQGDQJHUHG:KLWHZLQJHG)OXႇWDLO She also engages with the activities of the Animal Sarothrura ayresi SRSXODWLRQVIURP6RXWK$IULFDDQG Demography Unit at UCT. Ethiopia? African Journal of Ecology '2,  aje.12414. The Forensic Science group is actively involved with 'X 3OHVVLV 0 'DOWRQ '/ 6PLW5RELQVRQ +$ DQG VHYHUDO FROODERUDWLRQV LQFOXGLQJ WKH 6RXWK $IULFDQ .RW]p $  1H[W JHQHUDWLRQ VHTXHQFLQJ \LHOGV 'RSLQJ &RQWURO /DERUDWRU\ 6$'R&R/  WKH 6RXWK the mitochondrial genome of the critically endangered $IULFDQ3ROLFH6HUYLFHV 6$36 DQGWKH'HSDUWPHQWV Sarothrura ayresi ZKLWHZLQJHGÀXႇWDLO Mitochondrial of Anatomy and Chemistry on campus. DNA  ± Postgraduate Students Du Toit, Z, Du Plessis, M, Dalton, DL, Jansen, R, *UREOHU-3DQG.RW]p$0LWRFKRQGULDOJHQRPHV Lucy Kemp completed her PhD on the phylogeography of African pangolins and insights into evolutionary RI WKH JURXQG KRUQELOO DV SDUW RI D FROODERUDWLRQ WKDW patterns and phylogeny of the family Manidae. BMC also involved the National Zoological Gardens and the Genomics 18:746.

96 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Gryzenhout, M, Fouché, HJ, and Swart, WJ. 2017. diversity in indigenous and introduced species of land First report of a serious cladode disease of Opuntia VQDLOVLQ&DPHURRQUHÀHFWLVRODWLRQE\GLVWDQFHOLPLWHG ¿FXVLQGLFD SULFNO\ SHDU  LQ 6RXWK $IULFD FDXVHG E\ founder size and known evolutionary relationships. Bisifusarium lunatum. Plant Disease 101: 2148. Mitochondrial DNA Part B 2: 375-380. *UREOHU-3+D\WHU.1/DEXVFKDJQH&1HO(-DQG &KDSWHUVLQ%RRNV Coetzer, WG. 2017. The genetic status of naturally RFFXUULQJ EODFNQRVHG LPSDOD IURP QRUWKHUQ 6RXWK Schmidt-Küntzel, A, Dalton, DL, Menotti-Raymond, Africa. Mammalian Biology 82: 27–33. 0)DELDQR(&KDUUXDX3-RKQVRQ:(6RPPHU S, Marker, L, Kotzé, A, and O’Brien, SJ. 2017. -DPL)*U\]HQKRXW0:LQJ¿HOG0-DQG6OLSSHUV Conservation genetics of the cheetah: Genetic history B. 2017. Diversity of tree-infecting Botryosphaeriales and implications for conservation. In Biodiversity of on native and non-native trees in South Africa and the World: Conservation from Genes to Landscapes, 1DPLELDAustralasian Plant Pathology 46: 529–545. 1\KXV 3- (G  (OVHYLHU $FDGHPLF 3UHVV /RQGRQ /DEXVFKDJQH&'DOWRQ'/*UREOHU-3DQG.RW]p UK. A. 2017. SNP discovery and characterisation in Schwartz, KR, Gusset, M, Crosier, AE, Versteege, L, :KLWH 5KLQR Ceratotherium simum  ZLWK DSSOLFDWLRQ (\UH67LႈQ$DQG.RW]p$7KHUROHRI]RRV to parentage assignment. Genetics and Molecular in cheetah conservation: Integrating ex situ and in Biology  ± situ conservation action. In Biodiversity of the World: /XWKHU , -DNRS 8 /XHGHUV ,7RUGLႇH$ )UDQ] & Conservation from Genes to Landscapes, Nyhus, PJ Schiller, J, Kotzé, A, and Müller, K. 2017. Semen (G (OVHYLHU$FDGHPLF3UHVV/RQGRQ8. cryopreservation and radical reduction capacity of Turner, TR. 2017. Savannah primates. In International VHPLQDO ÀXLG LQ FDSWLYH $IULFDQ OLRQ Panthera leo  Encyclopedia of Primatology)XHQWHV$ (G :LOH\ Theriogenology 89: 295–304. New York, USA. Mafunda, PS, Maree, L, Kotzé, A, and Van der Horst, G. 3XEOLVKHG&RQIHUHQFH3URFHHGLQJV 2017. Sperm structure and sperm motility of the African and Rockhopper penguins with special reference to De Bruyn, M, and Mwale, M. 2017. DNA barcoding as PXOWLSOH D[RQHPHV RI WKH ÀDJHOOXP Theriogenology a forensic tool against wildlife crime in southern Africa. 99: 1–9. 6FLHQWL¿FDEVWUDFWVIURPWKHWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO%DUFRGH Moodley, Y, Russo, I-SM, Dalton, DL, Kotzé, A, Muya, RI /LIH &RQIHUHQFH  5pVXPpV VFLHQWL¿TXHV GX H 6+DXEHQVDN3%iOLQW%0XQLPDQGD*.'HLPHO &RQIpUHQFHLQWHUQDWLRQDO*HQRPH   & 6HW]HU $ 'LFNV . +HU]LJ6WUDVFKLO % .DOWKRႇ Kgaditse, MM, Mwale, M, and Kotzé, A. 2017. A DNA '& 6LHJLVPXQG +5 5RERYVNê - 2¶'RQRJKXH 3 barcoding reference database for priority southern and Bruford, MW. 2017. Extinctions, genetic erosion African snakes. 6FLHQWL¿F DEVWUDFWV IURP WKH WK DQG FRQVHUYDWLRQ RSWLRQV IRU WKH EODFN UKLQRFHURV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO %DUFRGH RI /LIH &RQIHUHQFH  5pVXPpV Diceros bicornis 6FLHQWL¿F5HSRUWV 7:41417. VFLHQWL¿TXHVGXH&RQIpUHQFHLQWHUQDWLRQDO*HQRPH Mwale, M, Dalton, DL, Jansen, R, De Bruyn, M,    Pietersen, D, Mokgokong, PS, and Kotzé, A. 2017. Mwale M, De Bruyn M, and Kotzé, A. 2017. DNA )RUHQVLFDSSOLFDWLRQRI'1$EDUFRGLQJIRULGHQWL¿FDWLRQ barcoding and wildlife forensic investigations: The of illegally traded African pangolin scales. Genome 60: South African experience. 6FLHQWL¿F DEVWUDFWV IURP 272–284. WKH WK ,QWHUQDWLRQDO %DUFRGH RI /LIH &RQIHUHQFH  Svardal, H, Jasinska, AJ, Apetrei, C, Coppola, G, 5pVXPpVVFLHQWL¿TXHVGXH&RQIpUHQFHLQWHUQDWLRQDO +XDQJ <6FKPLWW &$ -DFTXHOLQ % 0OOHU7UXWZLQ *HQRPH   0:HLQVWRFN**UREOHU-3:LOVRQ57XUQHU75 Conference Contributions :DUUHQ :& )UHLPHU 1% DQG 1RUGERUJ 0  Adams, J, Van der Merwe, NC, Schneider, S-R, $QFLHQWK\EULGL]DWLRQDQGVWURQJDGDSWDWLRQWRYLUXVHV Buccamaza, I, and Imyanitov, EN. 2017. Mutations in across African vervet monkey populations. Nature Bloom’s syndrome: Do they contribute to familial breast Genetics   FDQFHUULVNLQ6RXWK$IULFDQV" South African Society of 7XUQHU753UHIDFH

97 National Park, South Africa. ;;,WK &RQJUHVV RI WKH Gryzenhout, M. 2017. Phytobiomes of under-utilized Association for the Taxonomic Study of the Flora of crops. $JULFXOWXUDO 5HVHDUFK &RXQFLO  8QLYHUVLW\ 7URSLFDO$IULFD $(7)$7 1DLUREL.HQ\D RI WKH )UHH 6WDWH  'XUEDQ 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 7HFKQRORJ\ &RHW]HU :* DQG *UREOHU -3 Immune linked &ROODERUDWLYH &RQVRUWLXP RQ 8QGHUXWLOL]HG &URSV JHQHWLFYDULDWLRQDPRQJGL௺HUHQWVSULQJERN $QWLGRUFDV University of Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa. marsupialis) colour morphs. Annual Symposium of the Gryzenhout, M. 2017. The untapped biodiversity of Southern African Wildlife Management Association, Fusarium in Africa.;;,WK&RQJUHVVRI&RQJUHVVRIWKH Rawsonville, South Africa. Association for the Taxonomic Study of the Flora of Dalton, DL, and Kotze, A. 2017. Genetic species 7URSLFDO$IULFD $(7)$7 1DLUREL.HQ\D integrity DNA sampling and chain of custody. GEO Gryzenhout, M, Achilonu, C, and Cornwall, T. 2017. A WILD – Game species Symposium, Rhodes University, high diversity of Fusarium species from two native plant Grahamstown, South Africa. species in a semi-arid environment;;,WK&RQJUHVVRI Dalton, DL, and Kotzé, A. 2017. Molecular assessment Congress of the Association for the Taxonomic Study of of African Penguin (Spheniscus demersus) populations WKH)ORUDRI7URSLFDO$IULFD $(7)$7 1DLUREL.HQ\D in captivity (ex-situ populations). Pan-African Gryzenhout, M, Bailey, B, Kloppers, A, Cason, E, and $VVRFLDWLRQRI=RRVDQG$TXDULD 3$$=$ ,GOH:LQGV Tonjock, RK. 2017. Root endophyte communities Lodge, Fourways, South Africa. GL௺HU EHWZHHQ VRGLF DQG QRQVRGLF VRLOV LQ D FDWHQD Diseko, LG and Marx, G. 2017. Screening for ecosystem of the Kruger National Park, South Africa th the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms SRVWHU . 7 International Barcode of Life Conference, associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus SRVWHU  Kruger National Park. ELDQQXDO +XPDQ *HQHWLFV RI 6RXWK $IULFD +*6$  Gryzenhout, M, Goldman, G, Tonjock, R, Loftie-Eaton, FRQIHUHQFH'XUEDQ6RXWK$IULFD M, and Underhill, L. 2017. MushroomMap: a tool to create demographic data for fungi.;;,WK&RQJUHVVRI Du Plessis, M, Mwale, M, Suleman, E, Mitchell, E, Congress of the Association for the Taxonomic Study of Dalton, DL, and Kotzé, A. 2017. Toward next generation WKH)ORUDRI7URSLFDO$IULFD $(7)$7 1DLUREL.HQ\D biodiversity research. Joint Forum Biodiversity Information Management and Foundational Biodiversity Gryzenhout, M, Tonjock, RK, Mkize, T, Kloppers, A, Information Programme, Salt Rock Hotel and Beach DQG-DFREV9HQWHU5Using DNA barcodes to 5HVRUW'XUEDQ6RXWK$IULFD predict biodiversity priorities of macrofungi in South Africa. 7th International Barcode of Life Conference, Ehlers, K. 2017. DNA Forensics in South Africa. Kruger National Park, South Africa. 6th $IULFDQ 6RFLHW\ RI )RUHQVLF 0HGLFLQH $6)0  Congress, Bloemfontein, South Africa. Kotzé, A. 2017. Genes mirror geographic origin in southern African wildlife. International Wildlife Ehlers, K and Wessels, L. 2017. UFS: Forensic Forensics Symposium, Meeting of the Society for Sciences Programme. 4th National Forensic Services :LOGOLIH)RUHQVLF6FLHQFH(GLQEXUJK8. Conference, Pretoria, South Africa. Kotzé, A. 2017. Sungazers. National Biodiversity *UREOHU -3 Sustainable wildlife management: ,QYHVWLJDWRUV)RUXP%ODFN0RXQWDLQ+RWHO4ZDTZD VWULNLQJDEDODQFH"$QRYHUYLHZRIVRPHJHQHWLFLVVXHV South Africa. in wildlife management in SA. Annual meeting of the $XVWUDODVLDQ :LOGOLIH 0DQDJHPHQW 6RFLHW\ $:06  Kotzé, A and Dalton, DL. 2017. Species integrity .DWRRPED$XVWUDOLD approach via multidisciplinary angles. Small Antelope Symposium, Rietvlei Nature Reserve, Pretoria, South Gryzenhout, M. 2017. 2017. DNA approaches to aid Africa. WKH GH¿FLW LQ IXQJDO ELRGLYHUVLW\ DQG Fonservation in Africa. Joint congress of the European Council for /DEXVFKDJQH.&RHW]HU:DQG.RW]p$The Conservation of Fungi, International Society for Fungal NZG Biobank Information and Information Systems: Conservation and Macedonian Mycological Society, Analysis and improvement. Joint Forum Biodiversity Ohrid, Macedonia. Information Management and Foundational Biodiversity Information Programme, Salt Rock Hotel and Beach *U\]HQKRXW 0 DQG -DFREV $  Roadside 5HVRUW'XUEDQ6RXWK$IULFD Fusarium species from South Africa SRVWHU . Joint congress of the European Council for Conservation of /DEXVFKDJQH . 'DOWRQ '/ DQG .RW]p $  Fungi, International Society for Fungal Conservation Forensically speaking: The value of Biobanks. Southern and Macedonian Mycological Society, Ohrid, African Wildlife Management Association Conference Macedonia. 6$:0$ *RXGLQL6SD3DDUO6RXWK$IULFD Gryzenhout, M. 2017. Deformation-type diseases of Marx, G. 2017. What we know about the genetics two native trees in South Africa. Centre for Tree Health of Diabetes OHFWXUH  )DFXOW\ RI +HDOWK 6FLHQFHV Biotechnology Symposium, University of Pretoria, Research Forum, UFS, Bloemfontein, South Africa. Pretoria, South Africa. Mokgakala, K, Allen, A, Coetzer G, and Maleka, MF.

98 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 2017. Exploring DNA methylation in the cactus pear using environmental sequencing. Joint congress of 2SXQWLD ¿FXVLQGLFD  JHQRPH $IULFDQ &RPELQHG the European Council for Conservation of Fungi, &RQJUHVV.OHLQ.DULED%HOD%HOD6RXWK$IULFD International Society for Fungal Conservation and 0RNJRNRQJ 36 'DOWRQ '/ /LQGHQ % :LPEHUJHU Macedonian Mycological Society, Ohrid, Macedonia. . 1XSHQ /- 7RUGLႇH $6: 7D\ORU 3- 0DGLVKD Tonjock, RK, Cason, E, and Gryzenhout, M. 2017. MT, Jansen, R, and Kotzé, A. 2017. New insights &RPSDULVRQV RI WKH P\FRELRPH RI ¿YH XQGHUXWLOL]HG th into Samango monkey speciation in South Africa. 11 crop species in an intercropping system using Next International Conference on Behaviour, Physiology Generation Sequencing. 7th International Barcode of and Genetics of Wildlife, Berlin, Germany. Life Conference, Kruger National Park, South Africa. 0THNX0&DVRQ(7RQMRFN5.DQG*U\]HQKRXW0 Van der Merwe, NC, Oosthuizen, J, Makhetha, MF, 2017. The fungal phytobiome of Searsia lancea (karee) Adams, J, Dajee, BK, and Schneider S-R. 2017. trees with Karee Malformation Disease in South Africa Contribution of PALB2 and BML mutations to familial SRVWHU . 7th International Barcode of Life Conference, breast cancer risk in BRCA1/2 negative South African Kruger National Park, South Africa. Breast cancer patient detected using High-Resolution 0ZDOH0'H%UX\Q0/DEXVFKDJQH.DQG.RW]p Melting Analysis. 19th International Conference on A. 2017. The status of wildlife forensic science at Human Genetic Disorders and Disease. the NZG. Southern African Wildlife Management $VVRFLDWLRQ &RQIHUHQFH 6$:0$  *RXGLQL 6SD Volschenk, C, Spies, P, and Spies, JJ. 2017. Cytogenetic Paarl, South Africa. development in the genus Lachenalia. II International 1LHQDEHU ( DQG 0DU[ *  Screening black 6\PSRVLXP RQ 2UQDPHQWDOV 6WHOOHQERVFK 6RXWK South African females with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Africa. for mutations in the Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Wessels, L, Ehlers, K, and Brink, S. 2017. Gene Receptor gamma gene SRVWHU . 2017 National Society ([SUHVVLRQSUR¿OLQJLQIRUHQVLFDOO\LPSRUWDQWEORZÀLHV RI (QGRFULQRORJ\ 0HWDEROLVP DQG 'LDEHWHV RI 6RXWK 4th Forensic Services Conference, Pretoria, South $IULFD FRQIHUHQFH 6(0'6$  -RKDQQHVEXUJ 6RXWK Africa. Africa. Wessels, L. 2017. *HQH ([SUHVVLRQ SUR¿OLQJ LQ Parusnath S, Dalton, DL, Kotzé, A, and Alexander, GJ. IRUHQVLFDOO\LPSRUWDQWEORZÀLHV 6th African Society of 2017. Conservation genetics of the sungazer (Smaug )RUHQVLF 0HGLFLQH $6)0  &RQJUHVV %ORHPIRQWHLQ th giganteus). 13 Herpetological Association of Africa South Africa. Conference, Hluhluwe, South Africa. Whitehead, L, Swart, VR, and Gryzenhout, M. 2017. Peni, ES., Allen, A, Coetzer, G, and Maleka, MF. 2017. DNA Barcoding of Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Chloroplast phylogenomics in cactus pear (Opuntia Free State Province, South Africa. Congress of the ¿FXVLQGLFD  $IULFDQ &RPELQHG &RQJUHVV .OHLQ Entomological Society of South Africa, Pretoria, South .DULED%HOD%HOD6RXWK$IULFD Africa. Peta, K and Marx, G. 2017. Mutation detection in the (QGRJOLQ JHQH LQ D IDPLO\ D௺HFWHG ZLWK KHUHGLWDU\ STAFF haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) SRVWHU   Professors: 3URI-3*UREOHU QDWLRQDO ELDQQXDO +XPDQ *HQHWLFV RI 6RXWK $IULFD +*6$ FRQIHUHQFH'XUEDQ6RXWK$IULFD Senior Lecturers: Dr K Ehlers, Dr M Gryzenhout, Dr G Marx. 5DGHEH 7 6XOHPDQ ( +H\QH + -DQVHQ 5 and Kotzé, A. 2017. Morphological and molecular Lecturers: Dr S Brink, H Bindeman, MF Maleka, Z LGHQWL¿FDWLRQ RI HFWRSDUDVLWHV DVVRFLDWHG ZLWK WKUHH Murray, S Schneider, JA Viljoen, L Wessels. African Pangolin species. Southern African Wildlife Junior Lecturers:=5DႈH 0DQDJHPHQW $VVRFLDWLRQ &RQIHUHQFH 6$:0$  $ႈOLDWH3URIHVVRUVProf A Kotze, Prof TE Turner. Goudini Spa, Paarl, South Africa. $ႈOLDWH 6HQLRU /HFWXUHUV Dr DL Dalton, Lt Col A Spies, JJ and Spies, P. 2017. Clivia taxonomy revisited, Lucassen. using DNA barcode regions. II International Symposium RQ2UQDPHQWDOV6WHOOHQERVFK6RXWK$IULFD Research Associates: Prof JL Spies, Dr P Spies. Tonjock, RK, Errol Cason, E, and Gryzenhout, M. 2017. Research Fellows: Prof J Spies, Dr P Spies. Seed mycobiomes of six sorghum varieties using Next 6HQLRU2ႈFHU )LQDQFLDORႈFHU B Henn. Generation Sequencing.;;,WK&RQJUHVVRI&RQJUHVV 2ႈFHU /DERUDWRU\7HFKQLFLDQ T Cornwell. of the Association for the Taxonomic Study of the Flora 6HQLRU $VVLVWDQW 2ႈFHU /DERUDWRU\ 7HFKQLFLDQ  A RI7URSLFDO$IULFD $(7)$7 1DLUREL.HQ\D Sithole. Tonjock, RK, Carson, ED and Gryzenhout, M. 2017. The mycobiome of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) $VVLVWDQWRႈFHUV Nuttall.

99 DEPARTMENT OF Geography %ORHPIRQWHLQ4ZDTZDDQG6RXWK&DPSXVHV &RQWDFW'HWDLOV Dr CH Barker Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Geography University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 2255 Fax: +27 51 401 3816 (PDLOEDUNHUFK#XIVDF]D Website: www.ufs.ac.za 'U6$$GHODEX Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Geography (Qwaqwa Campus) University of the Free State 3ULYDWH%DJ;_3KXWKDGLWMKDED_6RXWK$IULFD 7HOHSKRQH +27 58 718 5487 (PDLODGHODEXVD#XIVDF]D Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview 7KH 'HSDUWPHQW RI *HRJUDSK\ KDG D EXV\  ZLWK VHYHUDO VWXGHQW DQG UHVHDUFKDFWLYLWLHVWDNLQJSODFH:HDWWHQGHGYDULRXVFRQIHUHQFHVWRSUHVHQW UHVHDUFKRXWSXWV 7KH 'HSDUWPHQW RI *HRJUDSK\ RQ WKH 4ZDTZD &DPSXV IRU WKH ÀUVW WLPH GHYHORSHGDVWUDWHJLFSODQ  LQOLQHZLWKWKH8QLYHUVLW\6WUDWHJLF3ODQ :H FRQWLQXH WR JURZ DFDGHPLFDOO\ LQ FRPPXQLW\ HQJDJHPHQW DQG ZLWK UHVHDUFK6WDIIPHPEHUVDOVRLQFUHDVLQJO\FROODERUDWHZLWKRWKHUXQLYHUVLWLHVDQG LQVWLWXWLRQV:HQRZKDYHDFWLYHDQGFRQWLQXHGFROODERUDWLRQVZLWKFROOHDJXHV DW 8.=1 6$16$ 8QLYHUVLW\ RI /LPSRSR :LWV 8QLYHUVLW\ $5& 8QLYHUVLW\ RI -RKDQQHVEXUJ:DOWHU6LVXOX8QLYHUVLW\1RUWK:HVW8QLYHUVLW\8QLYHUVLW\RI&DSH 7RZQDQG8QLYHUVLW\RI7RN\RDPRQJRWKHUV2XUVWXGHQWV·DYHUDJHSDVVUDWH LPSURYHG IURP  LQ  WR  LQ  6LPLODUO\ WKH QXPEHU RI VWXGHQWV HQUROOHGLQRXUÁDJVKLSXQGHUJUDGXDWHGHJUHHSURJUDPPH %6F(QYLURQPHQWDO *HRJUDSK\  LQFUHDVHG 7KH ÀUVW VHW RI WKHVH %6F (QYLURQPHQWDO *HRJUDSK\ VWXGHQWV VL[  JUDGXDWHG LQ 0D\  :H DOVR FRQWLQXHG WR LQFUHDVH RXU SRVWJUDGXDWHRXWSXWZLWKWZR3K'DQGWZR06FVWXGHQWVJUDGXDWLQJLQ )RUWKHÀUVWWLPHLQ\HDUVRQHRIRXU06FVWXGHQWVFRPSOHWHGKHUGHJUHHZLWK GLVWLQFWLRQVKHZLOOEHJUDGXDWLQJLQ0D\

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101 $FWLYLWLHV Dr Jay le Roux and PhD student, Ryan Anderson, FROODERUDWHGZLWK3URI'DYLG+HGGLQJIURP8QLVDDQG The Geomorphology Honours class, along with their Dr Bennie van der Waal from Rhodes University to lecturers and head of department, attended the create 3D models of large gullies in the Tsitsa River ELHQQLDO PHHWLQJ RI WKH 6RXWKHUQ$IULFDQ$VVRFLDWLRQ Catchment in the Eastern Cape with drone technology. of Geomorphologists in Manzini, Swaziland, from 25 to Not only is gullies a huge threat to infrastructure -XO\,WZDVSUHFHGHGE\D¿HOGH[FXUVLRQWUDFNLQJ LQFOXGLQJURDGVEULGJHVIHQFHVDQGODQGVJXOOLHVIHHG WKH7XJHOD5LYHUIURPVRXUFH 7KHQGHOH5R\DO1DWDO massive amounts of sediment into river networks and 1DWLRQDO 3DUN 'UDNHQVEHUJ  WR PRXWK 1RUWK &RDVW VLOWXSGDPV*XOOLHVDOVRGUDLQVXEVRLOPRLVWXUHGLYHUW RI.ZD=XOX1DWDO 7KHH[FXUVLRQIRFXVHGRQYDULRXV UXQRႇIURPODQGWRVWUHDPVDQGORZHUVZDWHUWDEOHV landscape and climate change issues that occur within the region.

A gully in the Tsitsa Catchment, Eastern Cape

&RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH :H FHOHEUDWHG ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 3RODU :HHN ZLWK WKH From the left: Giovanni Theunissen, Lefa Morake, Elizabeth Rudolph, Lebo Senokoane, and Dr Jay le Roux at the Association of Polar Early Career Scientists from SAAG conference in Manzini, Swaziland  WR  6HSWHPEHU *XHVWV IURP RWKHU XQLYHUVLW\ GHSDUWPHQWV DQG H[WHUQDO VRFLDO FOXEV FDPH GXULQJ RESEARCH their lunch hours to listen to a range of talks on life and Liezel Rudolph’s research focuses on dating the research at South Africa’s stations in Antarctica and deglaciation of Marion Island. For this, rock samples on Marion Island. The week ended with an exclusive were collected from the Island during the 74th Relief screening of Ethan Steinman’s Glacial Balance at the ([SHGLWLRQ LQ $SULO0D\  DV SDUW RI D PXOWL Naval Hill Planetarium. institutional Geomorphology team. The annual 1DWLRQDODQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ROODERUDWLRQ H[SHGLWLRQLVIXQGHGE\WKH6$1$315)6XE$QWDUFWLF /DQGVFDSH&OLPDWH,QWHUDFWLRQV 6/&L  )RU DQ 15)16&)IXQGHG SURMHFW 'U -D\ OH 5RX[ FROODERUDWHGZLWK3URI'DYLG+HGGLQJIURP8QLVDDV well as Prof Gaojun Li and Dr Yang Chen from Nanjing University to create 3D models of a rare periglacial IHDWXUH QHDU 6DQL LQ /HVRWKR 7KH VRFDOOHG EORFN VWUHDPFRQVLVWVRIURFNVWKDWVORZO\µÀRZ¶GRZQVORSH due to water in summer and ice in winter that removes any sediment underneath it. 'U 6$$GHODEX DQG 'U +0 +DQVHQ ZHUH SDUW RI WKH XQLYHUVLW\ UHSUHVHQWDWLYHV YLVLWLQJ -DSDQ WR HVWDEOLVK FROODERUDWLRQVEHWZHHQWKH8)6DQGVRPHXQLYHUVLWLHV LQ-DSDQ$VDUHVXOWZHDUHH[FLWHGDERXWDSRWHQWLDO FROODERUDWLRQEHWZHHQWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI7RN\RDQGWKH 8)6LQHVWDEOLVKLQJDVXVWDLQDEOHVFLHQFHKXEZLWKWKH Department of Geography taking a leading role.

Fieldwork team on Marion, from the left: Sibusiso Sinuka 3RVWJUDGXDWH6WXGHQWV4ZDTZD&DPSXV (UFH, M74 Overwinterer), Profs Werner Nel (UFH) and David Hedding (UNISA), Elizabeth Rudolph (UFS), and 7KHQXPEHURI3K'DQGPDVWHU¶VVWXGHQWHQUROPHQWV Camilla Kotzé (M73 Overwinterer) continued to increase from 2016 to 2017. We had 12 3K'HQUROPHQWVIRUZKLFKLV¿YHPRUHWKDQWKH

102 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 0RGXOHFRGH No of students Pass % No of students )DLO passed IDLOHG GEOG 6814 6 100 GEOG 6816 6 100 GEOG 6836 6 100 GEOG 6826 4 100 GEOG 6846 250250 GEOG 6824 5 83,33 1 16,67 GEOG 6808 360240

VHYHQ ZH KDG WKH \HDU EHIRUH 2XU PDVWHU¶V GHJUHH DQDO\VLV XVLQJ KRW WRSLFV LQ ELRORJLFDO LQYDVLRQ DV D QXPEHUV ZHUH DOVR XS E\ WZR ZLWK D WRWDO RI  guide. Journal of Mountain Science   registering in 2017. The Honours modules pass rate Conference Contributions IRULVVWDWHGDERYH $GHODEX 6$ 2017. Integration of Multispectral and STAFF MATTERS ancillary data for mapping Seriphium plumosum in a Dr Massey was promoted to Senior Lecturer, and Ms mountainous terrain using ensemble algorithms. Earth Pretorius to Lecturer. 2EVHUYDWLRQ (2 6XPPLW0RQWUHDO&DQDGD 23 June. Alex Adjei’s contract as stand-in for M Naidoo was UHQHZHG16HNKHOHLV¿QDOLVLQJKHU06FGHJUHH0 0DKDVD36, Palamuleni, LG, and Ruhiiga, TM. 2017. Naidoo and P Mahasa’s PhDs were progressing well. Remote Sensing and Evapotranspiration Mapping: Implications for the Upper Orange River Basin, RESEARCH OUTPUTS South Africa - Part 3. International Conference on 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV (QYLURQPHQWDO 6FLHQFH DQG 'HYHORSPHQW ,&(6'  Putrajaya, Malaysia. 4-5 May. Cloete, JS and Massey, RT. 2017. Seshego: an XQH[SHFWHG VXEXUE South African Geographical 0DKDVD36, Palamuleni, LG, and Ruhiiga, TM. 2017. Journal   Irrigation Implications for the Upper Orange River through Remote Sensing and Evapotranspiration. The Gunter, A and Massey, RT. 2017. Renting Shacks: 3rd International Conference on Water Resource and Tenancy in the informal housing sector of the Gauteng (QYLURQPHQW :5(   4LQJGDR &KLQD  3URYLQFH 6RXWK $IULFD ,Q ĝURGD0XUDZVND 6 DQG June. 6]\PDĔVND'HGLWRUVBulletin of Geography. Socio- HFRQRPLF6HULHV1R7RUXĔ1LFRODXV&RSHUQLFXV 0DKDVD36, Palamuleni, LG, and Ruhiiga, TM. 2017. University, pp. 25-34. Water Demand Management in the Upper Orange River Basin, South Africa. International Conference Manatsa, D and Mukwada, G. 2017. A connection RQ 'LVDVWHU 5LVN 0DQDJHPHQW IRU 6XVWDLQDEOH from stratospheric ozone to El Niño-Southern 'HYHORSPHQW '506'   5RFKHVWHU ,QVWLWXWH Oscillation. 1DWXUH &OLPDWH 6FLHQFH  6FLHQWL¿F RI 7HFKQRORJ\ 'XEDL 5,7 'XEDL 8QLYHUVLW\  'XEDL Reports, 7. $YDLODEOH KWWSVG[GRLRUJ Silicon Oasis. 23-25 August. Fs41598-017-05111-8. Molaudzi, O and $GHODEX 6$. 2017. “Development 0DQDWVD ' 0XNZDGD * DQG 0DNDED /  of Fire Moisture Index for Fire Danger Assessment in ENSO shifts and their link to Southern Africa surface a mountainous area using Remote Sensing. Disaster air temperature in summer. Theoretical and Applied 0DQDJHPHQW ,QVWLWXWH RI 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD '0,6$  Climatology SS '2, V &RQIHUHQFH3RUW(OL]DEHWK6RXWK$IULFD 2112-y 6HSWHPEHU 0DVVH\ 57  7KH HႇHFW RI LQIRUPDO VHWWOHPHQW Mukwada, G. 2017. Geospatial and temporal analysis upgrading on women’s social networks: Layout versus of drought in a mountainous environment: The case location. Urban forum 28: 205-217. of Lesotho. 4th World Conference on Climate Change, Mutana, S and 0XNZDGD*  $Q([SORUDWRU\ 5RPH,WDO\2FWREHU $VVHVVPHQW RI 6LJQL¿FDQW 7RXULVP 6XVWDLQDELOLW\ Mukwada, G. 2017. Spatiotemporal analysis of the Indicators for a Montane-Based Route in the impact of climate change on the state of vegetation 'UDNHQVEHUJ0RXQWDLQV'2,VX cover in the Namahadi Catchment Area in South Africa. Mukwada, G and Manatsa, D. 2017. Acacia mearnsii 1st International Conference on Natural Hazards and management in a South African national park: SWOT Disaster Management, Osaka, Japan. 1-3 June.

103 Mukwada, G. 2017. Spatiotemporal analysis of drought 1st International Workshop on Antarctic permafrost, prone montane areas using gridded Standardized SHULJODFLDO SURFHVVHV DQG VRLOV $173$6  IURP DQ Precipitation Index (SPI) data: A case study of the Maluti expert group to a research program, Varese, Italy. 3-5 Drakensberg Mountains of South Africa. AfroMont-Mt 2FWREHU Kilimanjaro Mountain Research Conference, Moshi, Sekhele, NM. 2017. Assessing environmental and 7DQ]DQLD)HEUXDU\ VRFLRHFRQRPLF H௺HFWV RI OLYHVWRFN JUD]LQJ LQ WKH 0XNZDGD * DQG 0DNDED / 2017. An assessment Clarens Nature Reserve. South African Geographers of the mountain farmer’s perceptions and adaptation Student Conference University of Mpumalanga, South strategies towards climate change, a case study Africa. 18-22 June. of subsistence farmers in Qwaqwa. AfroMont-Mt Kilimanjaro Mountain Research Conference, Moshi, STAFF 7DQ]DQLD)HEUXDU\ Professors: Prof G Mukwada. Okello, TW. 2017. Interdisciplinary Research in Senior Lecturers: Dr RT Massey, Dr CH Barker, Dr JJ Climate Change: The Case of Sub-Saharan Africa. 3rd OH5RX['U72NHOORDQG'U6$GHODEX International Conference on Regional Challenges to 0XOWLGLVFLSOLQDU\,QQRYDWLRQ 5&0, DW1DLUREL.HQ\D Lecturers: A Pretorius, TC Mehlomakhulu, ES Nkoee, 2FWREHU,6%1   EM Rudolph, E Kruger, A van der Walt, Dr M Hansen, P Mahasa, A Adjei, and M Naidoo. Rudolph, EM, Hedding, DW, Nel, W. 2017.Cosmogenic nuclide surface exposure dating: pitfalls and challenges Research Associates: Prof PJ Holmes and Prof J IRULVRODWHG¿HOGZRUN Southern African Association of Boardman. Geomorphologists Manzini, Swaziland. 25-28 July. Junior Lecturers: N Sekhele. Rudolph, EM, Hedding, DW, Nel, W. 2017. The 6HQLRU2ႈFHU3URIHVVLRQDO6HUYLFHVN van Dyk. ice that capped the island: a review on Quaternary landscape evolution of Sub-Antarctic Marion Island. 2ႈFHU3URIHVVLRQDO6HUYLFHVS Brits.

104 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 105 DEPARTMENT OF Geology

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV Dr Frederick Roelofse Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Geology University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 9001 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview 'XULQJ  ZH DZDUGHG D WRWDO RI  GHJUHHV ZLWK  VWXGHQWV UHFHLYLQJ %6F GHJUHHV  KRQRXUV GHJUHHV IRXU 06F GHJUHHV DQG WZR PDVWHU·V LQ 0LQHUDO 5HVRXUFH 0DQDJHPHQW GHJUHHV 7KH GHSDUWPHQW ZDV UHVSRQVLEOH IRUWKHSUHVHQWDWLRQRIVL[XQGHUJUDGXDWHDQGWKUHHKRQRXUVSURJUDPPHVDV ZHOODVWKH06F 0LQHUDO5HVRXUFH0DQDJHPHQW GHJUHHDQGVXSHUYLVHGWKH FRQWLQXHGUHVHDUFKRIVWXGHQWVLQ0LQHUDO5HVRXUFH0DQDJHPHQW06F FDQGLGDWHVDQGVL[3K'FDQGLGDWHVRYHUWKHFRXUVHRIWKH\HDU

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The photo that won Dr Elizaveta Kovaleva the EGU photo contest

Dr Elizaveta Kovaleva won the European Geosciences 6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV 8QLRQ (*8 SKRWRFRQWHVWLQ9LHQQDZLWKDSKRWRWLWOHG We are proud of former honours student and current µ0RYHPHQW RI WKH $QFLHQW 6DQG¶ ,Q 6HSWHPEHU WKH student in the Centre for Environmental Management, International Mineralogical Association Commission 7VKLDPR /HJRDOH ZKR ZDV DQQRXQFHG WKH )DPHODE RQ 1HZ 0LQHUDOV 1RPHQFODWXUH DQG &ODVVL¿FDWLRQ International Champion at the Cheltenham Science KRQRXUHG3URI0DULDQ7UHGRX[IRUKHUFRQWULEXWLRQVWR Festival held in the UK in June 2017, for her research RXUXQGHUVWDQGLQJRIWKH%RQ$FFRUG1L2ERG\LQWKH on the use of wheat to harvest gold from mine dumps. %DUEHUWRQJUHHQVWRQHEHOWE\QDPLQJDQHZO\GLVFRYHUHG The Geological Society of South Africa announced PLQHUDOIURPWKH%RQ$FFRUGERG\µWUHGRX[LWH¶7KHQHZ Photis Kalpakiotis, Prof Wayne Colliston’s student, as PLQHUDOKDVWKHIRUPXOD1L6E2DQGZDVSURSRVHGWR WKHZLQQHURIWKH+DXJKWRQ$ZDUGIRUWKHEHVWKRQRXUV WKHFRPPLVVLRQE\DQLQWHUQDWLRQDOJURXSRIVFLHQWLVWV thesis from a South African university in 2016, with a LQFOXGLQJ3URI'XQFDQ0LOOHUDႈOLDWHG3URIHVVRULQRXU thesis titled ‘The Mapping and Structural Analysis of department. Dr Freddie Roelofse was elected to the the Putsies Migmatite’. Council of the Geological Society of South Africa; his visiting investigator appointment at the Department $FWLYLWLHV of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution for Arrangements for our Centenary Conference and Science, was also extended until the end of 2018. 'LQQHU SODQQHG IRU $SULO  EHJDQ LQ HDUQHVW Researchers in the department furthermore managed GXULQJ WKH \HDU 7KH \HDU DOVR VDZ QXPHURXV ¿HOG to secure R678 100 from the Iphakade Programme to trips undertaken across the country. First-year support the research of postgraduate students in the students visited several sites around Bloemfontein to department. study sedimentary rocks and structures. They also

107 VWXGLHGGROHULWHLQWUXVLRQVDQGWKHWKHUPDOHႇHFWVWKDW intrusive rocks have on the country rocks that they intrude. Second-year students undertook a series of visits to Austin’s Post, southwest of Bloemfontein, to do mapping, and undertook a weeklong excursion to Barkly East where they were presented with additional RSSRUWXQLWLHVWRKRQHWKHLUJHRORJLFDO¿HOGZRUNVNLOOV 6HFRQG\HDUVWXGHQWVDOVRYLVLWHGDIHZODQG¿OOVLWHV in and around Bloemfontein as part of their training in Environmental Geology. Third-year students undertook H[FXUVLRQV WR WKH %LJ +ROH 0XVHXP LQ .LPEHUOH\ WR study the mining history of the town and the geology of NLPEHUOLWHVDQGGLDPRQGVDQGWRWKH9UHGHIRUW'RPH to study the regional geology of the dome and the HႇHFWVWKDWUHJLRQDODQGLPSDFWPHWDPRUSKLVPKDGRQ +RQRXUVVWXGHQWVXSGDWLQJWKHLU¿HOGQRWHERRNVDWWKH the rocks exposed within the dome. Scotia talc mine in the Barberton greenstone belt, which ZDVYLVLWHGDVSDUWRIWKHLU(FRQRPLF*HRORJ\¿HOGWULS

2WKHU VKRUWHU ¿HOG WULSV ZHUH WR WKH 1RUWKHUQ &DSH 0LQHUDORJ\ -DJHUVIRQWHLQ *HRFKHPLVWU\ WKH&RXQFLO IRU 0LQHUDO 7HFKQRORJ\ 0LQWHN  *HRFKHPLVWU\  WKH 9DQGHUNORRIDUHD 6HGLPHQWRORJ\ DQGWKH9UHGHIRUW 'RPH 6WUXFWXUDO*HRORJ\  6WDႇ PHPEHUV DQG VWXGHQWV SUHVHQWHG WKHLU ZRUN at several conferences, including the Igneous and 0HWDPRUSKLF 6WXGLHV *URXS PHHWLQJ KRVWHG E\ WKH 8QLYHUVLW\RI-RKDQQHVEXUJWKH(XURSHDQ*HRVFLHQFHV 8QLRQ (*8  *HQHUDO $VVHPEO\ 9LHQQD $XVWULD  the Association of Southern African Professional $UFKDHRORJLVWV $6$3$  &RQIHUHQFH KRVWHG E\ WKH University of Pretoria, and the Goldschmidt Conference 3DULV)UDQFH  Third-year students posing for a group photo during their excursion to the Vredefort Dome The following Kovsie GeoTalks were presented over Honours students took part in various excursions and the course of the year: ¿HOG WULSV 'XULQJ D QLQHGD\ ¿HOG WULS WR VWXG\ WKH x ‘Modern versus ancient controls on sedimentary economic geology of the Kaapvaal Craton, they also systems – The present is not always the key visited a variety of working and defunct mines on the WRWKHSDVW¶SUHVHQWHGE\3URI3RSSHGH%RHU %XVKYHOG &RPSOH[ WKH %DUEHUWRQ JUHHQVWRQH EHOW Utrecht University, the Netherlands. DQGWKH3KDODERUZD&RPSOH[ x ‘Chromitites and associated platinum-group elements in ophiolites: an overview’ presented E\'U)HGHULFD=DFFDULQL8QLYHUVLW\RI/HREHQ Austria. x ‘Uralian-Alaskan complexes: a puzzling source RISODWLQXP¶SUHVHQWHGE\3URI*LRUJLR*DUXWL 8QLYHUVLW\RI/HREHQ$XVWULD x ‘Medical Geology – an interdisciplinary HPHUJLQJ ¿HOG RI VFLHQFH¶ SUHVHQWHG E\ 3URI +DVVLQD0RXUL8QLYHUVLW\RI-RKDQQHVEXUJ x ‘The life of an exploration geologist’ presented E\1DWKL&KDEDQJX5&'HYHORSPHQWV x µ&DUERQDWHV DQG FDUERQDWH PHOWV LQ (DUWK¶V PDQWOH¶ SUHVHQWHG E\ 'U ,JRU 6KDU\JLQ 96 +RQRXUVVWXGHQWVGXULQJWKHLU(FRQRPLF*HRORJ\¿HOGWULS taking notes while being instructed by Dr Matthew Huber on 6REROHY,QVWLWXWHRI*HRORJ\DQG0LQHUDORJ\ the geology of the Pilanesberg Complex Russia.

108 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 x µ5HVHDUFKOLIHDWVHD¶SUHVHQWHGE\5DLPXQG learners visited the Naval Hill Planetarium as part of Rentel. the competition. During the year, we also hosted two short courses 1DWLRQDODQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ROODERUDWLRQ DWWHQGHGE\VWDႇDQGVWXGHQWV6WXDUW%DWHPDQIURP 6WDႇ LQ WKH GHSDUWPHQW DFWLYHO\ FROODERUDWHG ,QQRY;6\VWHPVVKRZFDVHGWKHODWHVWGHYHORSPHQWV with researchers at the following national and LQ SRUWDEOH ;UD\ HTXLSPHQW DQG 6L]ZH 1NHKOL international academic and research institutions over SUHVHQWHGDQLQWURGXFWRU\/HDSIURJFRXUVHWRVWDႇDQG WKH FRXUVH RI WKH \HDU 8QLYHUVLW\ RI *RWKHQEXUJ postgraduate students. 6ZHGHQ  8QLYHUVLW\ RI /HREHQ $XVWULD  &DUGLႇ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ome of the participants in the Leapfrog course that was University of the Witwatersrand. presented in August Jarlen Beukes, Prof Chris Gauert’s and Dr Freddie STAFF MATTERS Roelofse’s PhD student, visited Dr Iain McDonald’s NRF intern, Susan Serfontein, who joined us in 2016, ODERUDWRU\ DW &DUGLႇ 8QLYHUVLW\ ZKHUH VKH REWDLQHG completed her internship early in 2017. She was, platinum group-element data on samples from the KRZHYHU UHWDLQHG RQ FRQWUDFW EDVLV IRU WKH VHFRQG 1RUWKHUQ/LPERIWKH%XVKYHOG&RPSOH[6KHUHFHLYHG semester to help Adriaan Odendaal with lecturing travel support from the National Research Foundation. UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV EHFDXVH KH QHHGHG WLPH WR DGYDQFH Additionally, we hosted delegations from the University KLV 3K' UHVHDUFK 'U 0DWWKHZ +XEHU MRLQHG XV DV of Venda and the East China University of Technology Senior Lecturer in Economic and Exploration Geology, WR H[SORUH FROODERUDWLYH SRVVLELOLWLHV LQ WHDFKLQJ DQG following the completion of his postdoctoral research- research. fellow contract in mid-2017. Dr Elizaveta Kovaleva was retained as postdoctoral research fellow for a third year due to the excellent work that she conducted over the course of her initial two-year contract. Dr Hendrik Minnaar, previously from the Upington 5HJLRQDO 2ႈFH RI WKH &RXQFLO IRU Geoscience, also joined us late-2017 as senior lecturer in Structural Geology. He was appointed as replacement for Prof Wayne Colliston, who retired as Associate Professor in Structural The delegation from the East China University of Technology that visited our *HRORJ\ LQ 'HFHPEHU  DIWHU department in December to discuss aspects related to future collaboration in teaching and research serving the department for 37 years. The year also saw Justine Magson promoted to Lecturer. RESEARCH RESEARCH OUTPUTS &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV The department, in particular Rinae Makhadi, again KRVWHG WKH )UHH 6WDWH OHJ RI WKH 0LQTXL] 1DWLRQDO Adorno, RR, Do Carmo, DA, Germs, G, Walde, DHG, Science Competition on 18 May 2017. A total of 18 Denezine, M, Boggiani, PC, Sousa e Silva, SC, VFKRROV PRVWO\IURPWKH)UHH6WDWH WRRNSDUWLQWKH 9DVFRQFHORV-57RELDV7&*XLPDUDHV(09LHLUD FRPSHWLWLRQHDFKUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKUHHOHDUQHUV7KH LC, Figueirdo, MF, Moraes, R, Caminha, SA, Suarez,

109 PAZ, Rodrigues, CV, Caixeta, GM, Pinho, D, Schneider, $QRFFXUUHQFHRIEDYHQLWHLQWKH&DSH*UDQLWH6XLWH *DQG0X\DPED5Cloudina lucianoi %HXUOHQ southwestern Cape Province, South Africa, and its DQG6RPPHU 7DPHQJR)RUPDWLRQ(GLDFDUDQ implications on the formation of the host pegmatite. %UD]LO7D[RQRP\DQDO\VLVRIVWUDWLJUDSKLFGLVWULEXWLRQ South African Journal of Geology 120: 223-230. DQG ELRVWUDWLJUDSK\ Precambrian Research 301: 19- Schoch, AE and Scheepers, R. 2017. The Saldanha 35. %D\ 9ROFDQLF &RPSOH[ &ODULI\LQJ WKH &DPEULDQ Colliston, WP, Schoch, AE, and Cole, J. 2017. JHRORJ\RIWKH3RVWEHUJ6DOGDQKDDUHD:HVW&RDVW 7KH *UHQYLOOLDQ 1DPDTXD IROG EHOW DGMDFHQW WR WKH South Africa: Comment. South African Journal of western Kaapvaal Craton: 2. Archaean Craton and Geology 120: 271-272. supercontinent connections. Precambrian Research Conference Contributions 300: 289-314. %HXNHV--5RHORIVH)*DXHUW&'.*UREOHU')DQG Cornell, DH, Meintjes, PG, Van der Westhuizen, WA, Brits, JAN. 2017. The petrogenesis of the Turfspruit DQG )UHL '  0LFUREHDP 83E ]LUFRQ GDWLQJ RI Cyclic Unit and its hangingwall and footwall lithologies the Makwassie formation and underlying units in the at Turfspruit, Northern Limb, Bushveld Complex, South Ventersdorp Supergroup of South Africa. South African Africa. Igneous and Metamorphic Studies Group Journal of Geology 120: 525-540. 0HHWLQJ 8QLYHUVLW\ RI -RKDQQHVEXUJ -RKDQQHVEXUJ Dixon, R, and Schouwstra, R. 2017. The role of forensic South Africa. geology in the illicit precious metals trade. Episodes +XEHU 06 DQG .RYDOHYD (  Inhomogeneous 40: 132-140. distribution of clasts in the Daskop granophyre dyke, *LHEHO5-*DXHUW&'.0DUNV0$:&RVWLQ*DQG Vredefort impact structures, South Africa. 48th Lunar Markl, G. 2017. Multi-stage formation of REE minerals and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, Texas. LQ 3DODERUD &DUERQDWLWH &RPSOH[ 6RXWK $IULFD +XEHU 06 5RHORIVH ) DQG :LXP ' 2017. Where American Mineralogist 102: 1218-1233. GR ZH ORRN" (\H WUDFNLQJ LQ SHWURORJ\ Igneous and +XEHU 06 DQG .RHEHUO & $FFUHWLRQDU\ ODSLOOL Metamorphic Studies Group Meeting, University of IURP WKH 6XGEXU\ LPSDFW HYHQW Meteoritics and -RKDQQHVEXUJ-RKDQQHVEXUJ6RXWK$IULFD Planetary Science 52: 1257-1276. -DFREVRQ / DQG 9DQ GHU :HVWKXL]HQ :$ 2017. Kovaleva, E, Austrheim, HO, and Klötzli, US. 2017. Chemical characterisation of pottery from the Interpretation of zircon coronae textures from Eiland Salt Works site: a preliminary study using PHWDSHOLWLF JUDQXOLWHV RI WKH ,YUHD9HUEDQR =RQH XRD. Association of Southern African Professional northern Italy: two stage decomposition of Fe-Ti Archaeologists Conference, University of Pretoria, oxides. Solid Earth 8: 789-804. Pretoria, South Africa. Kovaleva, E, Harlov, D, and Klötzli, U. 2017. -DFREVRQ/DQG9DQGHU:HVWKXL]HQ:$ 2017. How Complicated secondary textures in zircon record UHSUHVHQWDWLYH RI WKH WRWDO FRPSRVLWLRQDO SUR¿OH RI D evolution of the host granitic rocks: Studies from FHUDPLF LV D VLQJOH VKHUG"$Q HPSLULFDO VWXG\ XVLQJ :HVWHUQ7DXHUQ:LQGRZDQG2W]WDO6WXEDL&U\VWDOOLQH XRF. Association of Southern African Professional &RPSOH[ (DVWHUQ$OSV:HVWHUQ$XVWULD Lithos 284- Archaeologists Conference, University of Pretoria, 285: 381-400. Pretoria, South Africa. Kovaleva, E and Klötzli, U. 2017. NanoSIMS study of .RYDOHYD ( DQG +XEHU 06 2017. How lithology VHLVPLFDOO\ GHIRUPHG ]LUFRQ (YLGHQFH RI <

110 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Conference on Accessory Minerals 2017, University of Junior Lecturers: R Makhadi, T Mapholi, and R Rentel. Vienna, Austria. $ႈOLDWHG $FDGHPLF5HVHDUFK 6WDႇ Profs C Gauert, Rodler, AS, Frei, R, Korte, C, Gaucher, C, and Germs, *-% *HUPV '( 0LOOHU 5 6FKHHSHUV / -DFREVRQ GJB. 2017. Early Cryogenian Cr isotope stratigraphy, RP Schouwstra, AE Schoch, Drs L Nel, H Praekelt, Otavi Group, Namibia SRVWHU . Goldschmidt J Claassen, A Bisnath, H Prinsloo, JC Loock, PG Conference, Paris, France. Meintjes, M van der Merwe, Messrs AC Dunne, PJ *UREOHU,+XQW3*/DXUHQV3-9LOMRHQ0-$59ULMHQV STAFF HCF Pretorius. Professor: Prof WA van der Westhuizen. Postdoctoral Research Fellow: Dr E Kovaleva. Associate Professors: Profs WP Colliston, and M Secretary: PS Swart. Tredoux. $GPLQLVWUDWLYH 2ႈFHU R Immelman and C van der Senior Lecturers: 'UV 0 +XEHU + 0LQQDDU DQG ) Vyver. Roelofse. 7HFKQLFDO 6XSSRUW 6WDႇ J Choane, A Felix, D Lecturers: Dr RN Hansen, J Magson, and AI Odendaal. Radikgomo, and Megan Purchase.

111 DEPARTMENT OF Mathematical Statistics AND ACTUARIAL SCIENCE

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV Frans Koning Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Science University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 3417 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview 7KH\HDUZDVD\HDUÀOOHGZLWKSXEOLFDWLRQVFRQIHUHQFHVDQGDZDUGV2XU GHSDUWPHQWLVSURXGWRSUHVHQWWKHIROORZLQJUHSRUW

ACHIEVEMENTS 6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV *DRQ\DOHOZH0DULEHUHFHLYHGWKHDZDUGIRUWKHEHVW oral student presentation at the SASA conference in 2017.

Delegates listening to the words of the newly appointed Statistician-General and Head of Statistics South Africa, Risenga Maluleke

Gaonyalelwe Maribe receiving the award for best speaker in the Young Statisticians Competition

'U 1LO .DPDO +D]UD VXSHUYLVRU SURI )LQNHOVWHLQ  was awarded a prestigious Claude Leon Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship for two years. 7KH 'HDQ¶V 0HGDO ZDV ZRQ E\ RQH RI RXU$FWXDULDO 6FLHQFH VWXGHQWV +HQULFR 6FKHOWHPD DV EHVW %6F graduate in the Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences. Prof Daan de Waal is presented with the SAS Thought Leader award for 2017 $FWLYLWLHV The Department of Mathematical Statistics and RESEARCH Actuarial Science organised and hosted the 2017 y5REXVW%D\HVLDQQRQOLQHDUUHJUHVVLRQ conference of the South African Statistical Association. The conference featured roughly 300 delegates, y$VVHVVPHQWRIVXEJURXSHႇHFWVLQFOLQLFDOWULDOV including 140 speakers. International visitors delivered yExtreme value theory workshops covering hot topics such as Big Data and insurance, among others. Young researchers received yPaired comparisons training and mentorship from international experts. The yMultiple imputations conference was hosted at Ilanga Estate, who provided yLongevity and mortality studies excellent catering. All conference functions were very popular with visitors. 1DWLRQDODQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ROODERUDWLRQ The three days of presentations covered every area of 2QJRLQJ FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 3URI &KD IURP (ZKD statistics, from key theory, to fascinating applications, :RPDQV 8QLYHUVLW\ .RUHD  WKDW UHVXOWHG LQ ¿YH to statistics education. Industry experts also gave SXEOLFDWLRQV presentations. 2QJRLQJ FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 'U 0DKPRXG 6KD¿HH 7KH

113 $QQXDOYLVLWVWRWKH,7028QLYHUVLW\DQG(OHNWURSULERU using Markov chain analysis: A comparative analysis ,QVWLWXWH 6W 3HWHUVEXUJ 5XVVLD  DV D PHPEHU RI with extreme value theory. Journal of Energy in ,QWHUQDWLRQDO/DERUDWRU\UHVSRQVLEOHIRUUHOLDELOLW\DQG Southern Africa,    PDLQWDLQDELOLW\RIODUJHV\VWHPVSURMHFW &KLNREYX ' DQG &KLQKDPX .  9DOXHDWULVN Annual visit to the Max Planck Institute for Demographic HVWLPDWLRQRIJROGPDUNHWZLWKVWDEOHDQGJHQHUDOLVHG 5HVHDUFK *HUPDQ\  IRU UHVHDUFK RQ DSSOLFDWLRQV RI K\SHUEROLF GLVWULEXWLRQV Journal of Economic and stochastic modelling to demography and population Financial Sciences,   . ELRORJ\ &KLNREYX'DQG0XVKRUL62SWLPDOSRUWIROLR &ROODERUDWLRQEHWZHHQ'U$9HUVWHUDQG3URI-%HLUODQW selection with stochastic maximum downside risk IURP/HXYHQUHVXOWHGLQDSXEOLVKHGSDSHULQZLWK and uncertain implicit transaction costs. Journal of DQDGGLWLRQDOSDSHUDFFHSWHGLQ WREHSXEOLVKHG Economic and Financial Sciences,   . LQ  &KLNREYX ' DQG 7HQGDL 0  0RGHOOLQJ 3URI56FKDOODFWHGDVDELRVWDWLVWLFDOFRQVXOWDQWWRWKH international tourist arrivals and volatility to the Victoria international contract research organisation IQVIA, the )DOOV5DLQIRUHVW=LPEDEZH$SSOLFDWLRQRIWKH*$5&+ *HUPDQ SKDUPDFHXWLFDO FRPSDQ\ 0HGDF UHVHDUFK family of models. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 3URI $UQH 5LQJ  DQG WKH 6RXWK and Leisure,    African contract research organisation, ClinData. &KLNREYX ' &KLQKDPX . DQG +XDQJ &KXQ Postgraduate Students Kai. 2017. Evaluating risk in precious metal prices ZLWK JHQHUDOLVHG ODPEGD JHQHUDOLVHG SDUHWR DQG 3HWHU ,L\DPER REWDLQHG KLV 3K' GHJUHH LQ 6WDWLVWLFV JHQHUDOLVHGH[WUHPHYDOXHGLVWULEXWLRQVSouth African ZLWKDWKHVLVWLWOHGµ)LGXFLDO,QIHUHQFHEDVHGRQ2UGHU Statistical Journal, 51: 159-182. Statistics in Location-Scale and Log-Location-Scale Families’. Finkelstein, M, Cha, JH, and Levitin, G. 2017. Bivariate SUHYHQWLYHPDLQWHQDQFHIRUUHSDLUDEOHV\VWHPVVXEMHFW RESEARCH OUTPUTS to random shocks. Journal of Risk and Reliability, 231: 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV 645-653. Beirlant, J, Schoutens, W, De Spiegeleer, J, Reynkens, Finkelstein, M, and Hazra, NK. 2017. On stochastic T, and Herrmann, K. 2017. Hunting for Black Swans comparisons for load-sharing series and parallel in the European Banking Sector Using Extreme Value systems. Probability in the Engineering and Analysis. Springer, 189. Informational Sciences, 31: 311-329. Beirlant, J, Kijko, A, Reynkens, T, and Einmahl, JHJ. Finkelstein, M, Levitin, G, and Dai, Y. 2017. Redundancy  (VWLPDWLQJ WKH PD[LPXP SRVVLEOH HDUWKTXDNH optimization for series-parallel phased mission systems magnitude using extreme value methodology: the exposed to random shocks. Reliability Engineering Groningen case. Springer, 1DW +D]DUGV KWWSVGRL and System Safety, 167: 554-560. RUJV. )LQNHOVWHLQ 0 DQG 6KD¿HH 0  3UHYHQWLYH %HLUODQW-0DULEH*DQG9HUVWHU$3HQDOL]HG PDLQWHQDQFHIRUV\VWHPVZLWKUHSDLUDEOHPLQRUIDLOXUHV ELDV UHGXFWLRQ LQ H[WUHPH YDOXH HVWLPDWLRQ IRU Journal of Risk and Reliability, 23: 101-108. censored Pareto-type data, and long-tailed insurance )LQNHOVWHLQ0DQG/HYLWLQ*2SWLPDOEDFNXSLQ applications. Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, KHWHURJHQHRXV VWDQGE\ V\VWHPV H[SRVHG WR VKRFNV 78: 114-122. Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 165: 336- %HLUODQW - 5H\QNHQV 7 9HUEHOHQ 5 DQG $QWRQLR 344. K. 2017. Modelling censored losses using splicing: A Finkelstein, M, Hazra, NK, Kuiti, MR, and Nanda, AK. JOREDO¿WVWUDWHJ\ZLWKPL[HG(UODQJDQGH[WUHPHYDOXH 2017. On stochastic comparisons of maximum order GLVWULEXWLRQVInsurance: Mathematics and Economics, VWDWLVWLFVIURPWKHORFDWLRQVFDOHIDPLO\RIGLVWULEXWLRQV 77: 65-77. Journal of Multivariate Analysis, 160: 31-41. Beirlant, J, Alves, IF, and Reynkens, T. 2017. Fitting Finkelstein, M, Cha, JH, and Levitin, G. 2017. On WDLOV DႇHFWHG E\ WUXQFDWLRQ Electronic Journal of preventive maintenance of systems with lifetimes Statistics, 11: 2026-2065. dependent on a random shock process. Reliability Beirlant, J and Verlaak, R. 2017. A non-linear mixed Engineering and Safety, 168: 90-97. PRGHODSSURDFKIRUH[FHVVRIORVVEHQFKPDUNUDWLQJ Finkelstein, M, Hazra, NK, and Cha, JH. 2017. On European Actuarial Journal, 7: 109-132 optimal grouping and stochastic comparisons for &KLNREYX ' DQG 6LJDXNH &  (VWLPDWLRQ RI heterogeneous items. Journal of Multivariate Analysis, extreme inter-day changes to peak electricity demand 160: 146-156.

114 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 )LQNHOVWHLQ 0 *HUWVEDNK , DQG 9DLVPDQ 5  methods. Journal of Family Ecology and Consumer On a single discrete scale for preventive maintenance Sciences, 45: 1-11. ZLWKWZRVKRFNSURFHVVHVDႇHFWLQJDFRPSOH[V\VWHP Van der Merwe, AJ and Van Zyl, R. 2017. A Bayesian Applied stochastic models in business and industry, FRQWURO FKDUW IRU D FRPPRQ FRHႈFLHQW RI YDULDWLRQ 33: 54-62. Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods, )LQNHOVWHLQ0DQG/HYLWLQ*(ႇHFWRIHOHPHQW 46: 5795-5811. separation in series-parallel systems exposed to Van der Merwe, AJ and Van Zyl, R. 2017. Bayesian random shocks. European Journal of Operational control charts for tolerance limits in the case of normal Research, 260: 305-315. populations. South African Statistical Journal, 51: 139- Finkelstein, M and Levitin, G. 2017. A new stress- 158. VWUHQJWK PRGHO IRU V\VWHPV VXEMHFW WR VWRFKDVWLF Van Zyl, M. 2017. Exact expressions for the weights shocks. Journal of Risk and Reliability, 1-8. XVHG LQ OHDVWVTXDUHV UHJUHVVLRQ HVWLPDWLRQ IRU WKH *LUPD\ 0( DQG &KLNREYX '  4XDQWLI\LQJ ORJORJLVWLF DQG :HLEXOO GLVWULEXWLRQ Communications in statistics-Theory and Methods,   . 6RXWK $IULFD¶V VXOSKXU GLR[LGH HPLVVLRQ HႈFLHQF\ LQ FRDOSRZHUHGHOHFWULFLW\JHQHUDWLRQE\¿WWLQJWKHWKUHH Von Maltitz, MJ, Esterhuyse, S, Sokolic, F, Redelinghuys, SDUDPHWHUORJORJLVWLFGLVWULEXWLRQJournal of Energy in M, Avenant, M, Kijko, A, Glazewski, J, Plit, L, Kemp, M, Southern Africa,   . 6PLW$DQG9RV$79XOQHUDELOLW\PDSSLQJDV a tool to manage the environmental impacts of oil and 5LQJ$&KHPRWKHUDSLHEHLPDOWHUHQ3DWLHQWHQ gas extraction. Royal Society, Open Science,    mit nicht kleinzelligem Lungenkarzinom: Eine KWWSVGRLRUJUVRV nicht-interventionelle, prospective, multizentrische %HREDFKWXQJVVWXGLH (QJOLVK &KHPRWKHUDS\ LQ WKH Von Maltitz, MJ and Nienkemper-Swanepoel, J. 2017. Elderly with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Non- Investigating the performance of a variation of multiple ,QWHUYHQWLRQDO3URVSHFWLYH0XOWLFHQWULF2EVHUYDWLRQDO correspondence analysis for multiple imputation in Study. Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift, 142: 21- categorical data sets. -RXUQDORI&ODVVL¿FDWLRQ   27. KWWSVGRLRUJV Ring, A, Schall, R, Loke, YK, and Day, S. 2017. Von Maltitz, MJ and Strauss, T. 2017. Generalising Statistical reporting of clinical pharmacology research. Ward’s Method for use with Manhattan distances. PLOS one,    H KWWSVGRLRUJ British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 83: 1159- journal.pone.0168288. 1162. Schoeman, R, Coetzee, D, Schall, R. 2017. Analysis of STAFF 6XSHU5XJE\IURPWRInternational Journal Distinguished Professor: Prof MS Finkelstein. of Performance Analysis in Sport, 3: 190-201. Professors: Profs JM van Zyl and R Schall. Schoeman, R, Coetzee, D, Schall, R. 2017. &RPSDULVRQV RI SHUIRUPDQFH LQGLFDWRUV EHWZHHQ WKH Associate Professors: Profs Dhaene, A Ring, and J 6XSHU 5XJE\ DQG &XUULH &XS FRPSHWLWLRQ GXULQJ WKH Beirlant. 2014 season. South African Journal of Research in Senior Lecturers: 'U6'&KLNREYX'U/YDQGHU0HUZH Sport, Physical Education and Recreation, 39: 135- 'U$9HUVWHU'U$1HHWKOLQJ 8QLWV )).RQLQJDQG-0 144. Blomerus. 6HLSKHWOKHQJ.6WH\Q+-+6FKDOO5  $QRO\WH Lecturers: Dr M Sjolander, Dr MJ von Maltitz, ME DV DQ DOWHUQDWLYH EOHDFK IRU VWDLQHG FRWWRQ IDEULFV *LUPD\ = /XGLFN : 2RVWKXL]HQ / GD 6LOYD 8QLWV  Journal of Consumer Sciences, 2: 12-23. and AM Naude, J Venter, and S van der Merwe. 7IZDOD &0 9DQ 5HQVEXUJ /' 6FKDOO 5 0RVLD Junior Lecturers: $ 1JHXOHX .RWFKDS 8QLWV  DQG$6 SM, Dlamini, P. 2017. Precipitation intensity- 5XVZD 8QLWV  GXUDWLRQIUHTXHQF\ FXUYHV DQG WKHLU XQFHUWDLQWLHV IRU Researchers: Prof PCN Groenewald, Prof AJ van der Ghaap plateau. Climate Risk Management, 16: 1-9. Merwe, Prof DJ de Waal, and Dr VG Micali. Van der Merwe, I, Steyn, HJH, Hugo, C, Schall, R.  7KH SK\VLFDO ¿EUH SURSHUWLHV RI *RQRPHWD Secretary: ME Mathee. SRVWLFD DIWHU GHJXPPLQJ WKH FRFRRQV ZLWK GLႇHUHQW Messenger: W Baranye.

115 DEPARTMENT OF Mathematics and APPLIED MATHEMATICS

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV Prof Johan Meyer Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HO+27 51 401-2428 Fax: +27 51 401-3805 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za

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ACHIEVEMENTS yBandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, ,QGRQHVLD $XJXVW  3URI-+0H\HUFRQWLQXHGKLVUHVHDUFKE\FROODERUDWLQJ ZLWKDFROOHDJXHLQ7DLQDQ7DLZDQ$SDSHURQELMHFWLYH yKing Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, PDWUL[ PDSV KDV EHHQ VXEPLWWHG IRU SXEOLFDWLRQ +H 'KDKUDQ6DXGL$UDELD $SULO also paid a visit to a colleague in Texas, USA, where Prof Vetrik was also the supervisor of postdoctoral WKH\ VWDUWHG WR LQYHVWLJDWH D QHZ SUREOHP UHJDUGLQJ researcher, Selvaraj Balachandran. In addition, Prof congruence preserving self-maps of p-groups, a Vetrik reviewed papers for the following journals in SURMHFWWKDWVKRXOGEH¿QDOLVHGLQ+HSUHVHQWHG 2017: AKCE International Journal of Graphs and DWDONRQWKHHPEHGGLQJRI*UDVVPDQQDOJHEUDVLQWR Combinatorics; Australasian Journal of Combinatorics; Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; Journal PDWUL[ DOJHEUDV DW WKH WK 3DQ $IULFDQ &RQJUHVV RI of Graph Theory; Journal of Interconnection 0DWKHPDWLFLDQVLQ5DEDW0RURFFR-XO\$ Networks; Opuscula Mathematica; and Quaestiones PhD student of Prof Meyer, B-E de Klerk, completed Mathematicae. his thesis on the structure of automorphisms of certain Dr E Ngounda served on the L’oreal panel of the NRF DEHOLDQJURXSVDQGUHFHLYHGKLVGHJUHHLQ-XQH evaluation panel meetings. 3URI 0H\HU FRQWLQXHG KLV LQYROYHPHQW DV LQ WKH 'U 6 'RUÀLQJ ZDV LQYLWHG WR SUHVHQW D WDON RQ SDVW  RGG \HDUV  ZLWK WKH WUDLQLQJ DQG VHWWLQJ RI JHQHUDOLVHGHGJHFRORXULQJVRIJUDSKVZLWKIRUELGGHQ papers with respect to Mathematics Olympiads, in VXEJUDSKVDQGDGGLWLYHKHUHGLWDU\JUDSKSURSHUWLHVDW particular the South African Mathematics Olympiad. the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium, in July 2017. A He also reviewed several papers for Zentralblatt Math 3K'VWXGHQWRI'U'RUÀLQJ(&00DULW]FRPSOHWHGKHU SXEOLVKHGE\6SULQJHU DVZHOODVIRUMath Reviews. degree and graduated in June 2017. 3URI79HWULNYLVLWHGWKHIROORZLQJFROODERUDWRUV RESEARCH yProf Edy Tri Baskoro, Bandung Institute of &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH Technology, Bandung, Indonesia. Prof JH Meyer, C Venter, JB Smit, and Dr B-E de Klerk yProf Monther Alfuraidan, King Fahd University of FRQWLQXHG WR EH LQYROYHG ZLWK 2O\PSLDG WUDLQLQJ RI 3HWUROHXPDQG0LQHUDOV'KDKUDQ6DXGL$UDELD VFKRROOHDUQHUVIURPDOORYHUWKHFRXQWU\'U6'RUÀLQJ y'U 0DUFHO$EDV 6ORYDN 8QLYHUVLW\ RI7HFKQRORJ\ ZDV WKH PDLQ RUJDQLVHU RI WKH DQQXDO RSHQ GD\ LQ Trnava, Slovakia. 6HSWHPEHU DWWKH8)6IRUWKHSUL]HZLQQHUVRI y'U 6DPXHO )XID $GGLV $EDED 8QLYHUVLW\ $GGLV the Mathematics- and Science-in-Action programme $EDED(WKLRSLD RUJDQLVHGE\WKH6$$FDGHP\IRU6FLHQFHDQG$UWV He was invited to present lectures at research seminars 1DWLRQDODQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ROODERUDWLRQ with the following universities: 0HPEHUVRIWKHGHSDUWPHQWHQJDJHGLQLQWHUQDWLRQDO y$GGLV $EDED 8QLYHUVLW\ $GGLV $EDED (WKLRSLD FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK UHVHDUFKHUV IURP 6ORYDNLD 6DXGL 2FWREHU $UDELD (WKLRSLD ,QGRQHVLD 7DLZDQ DQG WKH 86$

117 Vetrik, T and Ahmad, A. 2017. Computing the metric dimension of the categorial product of some graphs. International Journal of Computer Mathematics 94: 363-371. 'RUÀLQJ 6 +RZHOO .7 DQG 6DQRQ 63 7KH GHFRPSRVLWLRQ RI ¿QLWHGLPHQVLRQDO QHDUYHFWRU spaces, Communications in Algebra. ISSN: 0092-7872 3ULQW   2QOLQH  -RXUQDO KRPHSDJH KWWS ZZZWDQGIRQOLQHFRPORLODJE. .ULHO$-(UURUDQDO\VLVRIÀX[OLPLWHUVFKHPHV

'U6'RUÀLQJZLWKWKHSUL]HZLQQHUVRIWKH0DWKHPDWLFV at extrema. Journal of Computational Physics 328: and Science-in-Action programme organised by the SA 371-386. Academy for Science and Arts. (September 2017) Booth, GL, Meyer, JH, and Mogae, K. 2017. Topological DQG QDWLRQDO FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK UHVHDUFKHUV IURP rings, homogeneous functions, and primeness. -RKDQQHVEXUJDQG6WHOOHQERVFK Communications in Algebra 45: 322-331. Maxson, &- DQG 0H\HU -+  8QLTXH PD[LPDO Postgraduate Students rings of functions, Communications in Algebra 45: The following students were enrolled for PhD degrees in 384–391. our department: JB Smit, ECM Maritz, D Mengesha, IC $OL 3 0D]RURG]H -3 0XNZHPEL 6 DQG 9HWULN 7 Oguoma, B-E de Klerk, M Fasondini, BR Gnitchonga, 2017. On size, order, diameter and edge-connectivity and L Bolton. of graphs. Acta Mathematica Hungarica 152: 11-24. STAFF MATTERS Conference Contributions Vetrik, T. 2017. The metric dimension and the partition Marco Fasondini, who completed his PhD degree in dimension of circulant graphs. 8th International Applied Mathematics, left the department at the end Conference on Research and Education in RI1RYHPEHULQRUGHUWRVWDUWDWZR\HDUSHULRG Mathematics, Bandung, Indonesia, 11-13 August. as post-doctoral fellow at the University of Kent in England. Meyer, JH. 2017. Embedding Grassmann algebras into matrix algebras, 9th Pan African Congress of RESEARCH OUTPUTS 0DWKHPDWLFLDQV5DEDW0RURFFR-XO\ 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV Ngounda, E. 2017. The value of cost data for estimation: Evaluation of a construction tender price index. 60th $EDV 0 DQG 9HWULN7  /DUJH &D\OH\ GLJUDSKV Annual Congress of the SAMS: North-West University, DQGELSDUWLWH&D\OH\GLJUDSKVRIRGGGLDPHWHUDiscrete 1RYHPEHU Mathematics 340: 1162-1171. 0DIXWD 3 0XNZHPEL 6 0XQ\LUD 6 DQG 9HWULN 7 STAFF +DPLOWRQLFLW\PLQLPXPGHJUHHDQGOHDIQXPEHU Professor: 3URI-+0H\HU FKDLU  Acta Mathematica Hungarica 152: 217-226. Associate Professors: Prof TM Acho and Prof T Vetrik. Vetrik, T. 2017. On the metric dimension of circulant Senior Lecturers:'U6'RUÀLQJDQG-YDQ1LHNHUN graphs with 4 generators. Contributions to Discrete Mathematics 12: 104-114. Lecturers: Dr E Ngounda, Dr A Kriel, Dr B-E de Klerk, Dankelmann, P, Jonck, E, and Vetrik, T. 2017. The $ .OH\QKDQV & 9HQWHU 0 )DVRQGLQL 3 0EDPER GHJUHHGLDPHWHU SUREOHP IRU RXWHUSODQDU JUDSKV 4ZDTZD 'U1/RXIRXPD0DNDOD 4ZDTZD DQG'U Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory 37: 823- 61NRQNREH 4ZDTZD  834. Junior Lecturers:$(6ZDUW0-)%RWKDDQG&)DEHU Vetrik, T. 2017. The metric dimension of circulant 4ZDTZD  graphs. Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 60: 206-216. Temporary Lecturers: ECM Maritz, H Oosthuizen, JB 'RUÀLQJ60DULW](&06PLW-DQG9HWULN7 Smit, and RS Jansen. Non-proper edge-colouring of graphs and hereditary $GPLQLVWUDWLYHRႈFHU SM Venter. graph properties. Quaestiones Mathematicae 40: 539- 551. Postdoc Fellow: Dr S Balachandran.

118 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 119 DEPARTMENT OF Mathematics 4ZDTZD&DPSXV

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV 630EDPER Department of Mathematics Qwaqwa Campus University of the Free State 3ULYDWHEDJ;_4ZDTZD 7HOHSKRQH+27 58 718 5201 Fax: +27 58 718 5444 (PDLOPEDPERVS#XIVDF]D Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview 7KH GHSDUWPHQW KDG D TXLHW EXW IDLUO\ JRRG \HDU :H ZHOFRPHG 'U 1NRQNREHDVQHZOHFWXUHURQ-DQXDU\

RESEARCH STAFF &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH Lecturers: 63 0EDPER 'U /RXIRXPD 0DNDOD 'U 1NRQNREH We took part in the Science Open Day, as well as the Science week. Junior Lecturer:+&)DEHU STAFF MATTERS 'U 1NRQNREH ZDV DSSRLQWHG DV D QHZ OHFWXUHU LQ January 2017.

121 DEPARTMENT OF 0LFURELDO%LRFKHPLFDO AND FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV Prof M Smit Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 2396 Fax: +27 51 401 9376 (PDLO [email protected] Website:ZZZXIVDF]DELRWHFK 2017 Overview 7KH'HSDUWPHQWRI0LFURELDO%LRFKHPLFDODQG)RRG%LRWHFKQRORJ\SHUIRUPHG ZHOOLQDOOGHOLYHUDEOHVVHWRXWIRUWKH\HDULQFOXGLQJWHDFKLQJUHVHDUFKDQG FUHDWLQJ FRPPHUFLDO RSSRUWXQLWLHV WR FRQWULEXWH WR WKH WKLUGVWUHDP LQFRPH RIWKH8)6:HDUHUHVSRQVLEOHIRUXQGHUJUDGXDWHWHDFKLQJDQGSRVWJUDGXDWH WUDLQLQJLQWKUHHVXEMHFWVQDPHO\%LRFKHPLVWU\0LFURELRORJ\DQG)RRG6FLHQFH ,QDWRWDORIVWXGHQWVFRPSOHWHG+RQRXUVGHJUHHVLQWKHWKUHHVXEMHFW DUHDVZKLOHVL[VWXGHQWVUHFHLYHG06FGHJUHHVDQGVL[3K'GHJUHHV5HVHDUFK FRQGXFWHGLQWKHGHSDUWPHQWÀQGVDSSOLFDWLRQLQWKUHHPDLQDUHDVQDPHO\ L SURGXFWLRQRIVDIHDQGQRYHOIRRGSURGXFWV LL ELRFDWDO\WLFSURGXFWLRQRI FKHPLFDOV RU ELRUHPHGLDWLRQ RI FKHPLFDO SROOXWLRQ DQG LLL  LPSURYHPHQW RI KXPDQDQGDQLPDOKHDOWK'XULQJRXUVWDIIDQGVWXGHQWVFRQWULEXWHGWR DUWLFOHVLQPDLQO\LQWHUQDWLRQDOMRXUQDOVDQGRUDODQGSRVWHUSUHVHQWDWLRQV DWLQWHUQDWLRQDODQGWZRQDWLRQDOFRQIHUHQFHV7ZRRIRXUVWDIIPHPEHUV'U 'LUN2SSHUPDQDQG'U7UXGL2·1HLOOZHUHWHDPPHPEHUVRIVXFFHVVIXOJUDQW DSSOLFDWLRQVIRUIXQGLQJIURPWKH8.DQG*HUPDQ\UHVSHFWLYHO\

ACHIEVEMENTS ‘Antigens and Reassortant Strains for Rotaviruses &LUFXODWLQJ LQ $IULFD $I5RWD ¶ 7KH RWKHU PHPEHUV 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV LQFOXGH3URI5HLPDU-RKQHEDVHGDWWKH)HGHUDO,QVWLWXWH Dr Maryna de Witt was elected as Agroprocessing IRU5LVN$VVHVVPHQW %I5  %HUOLQ*HUPDQ\ 3URI$OELH representative of the International Cactus Pear YDQ'LMN 1RUWK:HVW8QLYHUVLW\3RWFKHIVWURRP6RXWK CommLWWHH DQG 1HWZRUN DW WKH ,;WK ,QWHUQDWLRQDO $IULFD DQG'U1LOVDGH'HXVEDVHGDWWKH1DWLRQDO Cactus Pear and Cochineal Congress held in Chile in ,QVWLWXWH RI +HDOWK 0DSXWR 0R]DPELTXH  7KH WRWDO March 2017. DPRXQWDZDUGHG LV¼DQGFDQEHUHQHZHG GHSHQGLQJ RQ VDWLVIDFWRU\ SURJUHVV7KH REMHFWLYH RI 'U7UXGL2¶1HLOOKDVEHHQWKHLQWHULPFKDLURIWKH$IULFDQ the grant is to employ the recently developed reverse Research Network for Neglected Tropical Diseases genetics system for rotavirus to develop rationally $517' VLQFH1RYHPEHUUHSUHVHQWLQJ$517' designed rotavirus vaccine candidates, tailored for LQWKLVFDSDFLW\DWWKHQG*OREDO3DUWQHUV0HHWLQJRQ application in Africa. 1HJOHFWHG7URSLFDO'LVHDVHV 17'V DQG17'6XPPLW held in Geneva, Switzerland from 19 to 22 April 2017. Dr Dirk Opperman is part of the South African research Discussions held at the Partners Meeting led to team who, together with researchers from the rest DZDUGVIRU$517'E\WKH'HSDUWPHQWIRU,QWHUQDWLRQDO of Africa and the Diamond Light Source UK, were 'HYHORSPHQW LQ WKH 8QLWHG .LQJGRP '),'  DQG WKH DZDUGHG PLOOLRQE\WKH6FLHQFHDQG7HFKQRORJ\ United States Agency for International Development )DFLOLWLHV&RXQFLO 67)& RIWKH8.DWWKHHQGRI 86$,'  6KH VXEVHTXHQWO\ SDUWLFLSDWHG LQ WKH to develop synchrotron research in Africa – the only Management Board and Planning meeting of ARNTD continent that has no synchrotron. The project is called KHOGLQ1DLUREL.HQ\DIURPWR$XJXVW 67$57 ZKLFK VWDQGV IRU µ6\QFKURWURQ 7HFKQLTXHV for African Research and Technology’. The STFC 'U .RRV 0\EXUJK UHSUHVHQWHG 6Ruth Africa in two DZDUGHG WKH IXQGLQJ IURP WKH *OREDO &KDOOHQJHV VWDQGLQJ FRPPLWWHHV WKH 6WDQGLQJ &RPPLWWHH RQ 5HVHDUFK )XQG *&5)  67$57 IXQGLQJ ZLOO DOORZ Residues and Chemical Contaminants and the African and UK investigators to work together to 6WDQGLQJ&RPPLWWHHRQ'DLU\6FLHQFHDQG7HFKQRORJ\  develop and characterise new materials of relevance at the 2017 IDF World Dairy Summit which took place for solar energy conversion and catalysis, as well as to LQ%HOIDVW,UHODQGLQ2FWREHU FKDUDFWHULVHSURWHLQVRIUHOHYDQFHWREHWWHUXQGHUVWDQG In August 2017, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft diseases and develop drugs. Both are considered ')*  DZDUGHG D WKUHH\HDU JUDQW WR D FRQVRUWLXP JUDQG JOREDO FKDOOHQJHV :LWK IXQGLQJ XQWLO  RI UHVHDUFKHUV EDVHG LQ *HUPDQ\ 6RXWK $IULFD 67$57 ZLOO H[SDQG$IULFDQ UHVHDUFK FDSDELOLWLHV DQG DQG 0R]DPELTXH 'U 7UXGL 2¶1HLOO DV FRSULQFLSOH LQWHUQDWLRQDO UHVHDUFK FROODERUDWLRQV ZLWK SRVVLEOH investigator, is one of the recipients of the grant, titled commercial applications.

123 Three covers in three years for Dr Dirk Opperman of the Biocatalysis Group

Dr Frans O’Neill and his industry partner, AniPharm 6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV Pty Ltd, were successful with a DTI THRIP application 'U$OED GX7RLW SRVWGRF  ZDV DZDUGHG WKH SUL]H IRU RQWKHUHFRPELQDQWSURGXFWLRQRIUHSURGXFWLYHDQLPDO EHVWSUHVHQWDWLRQDWWKH,;WK,QWHUQDWLRQDO&DFWXV3HDU KRUPRQHV 7KH WRWDO YDOXH RI WKH JUDQW ZLOO EH PRUH and Cochineal Congress held in Chile in March 2017. than R2 million. &KHUL-DFREV 3K'VWXGHQW ZRQRQHRIWKHWKUHHSRVWHU .RYVLH%UHZLQJDQLQLWLDWLYHE\RXUSRVWJUDGXDWH prizes awarded at the 20th International Conference VWXGHQWV LV FXUUHQWO\ UXQ E\ 'U (UURO &DVRQ 'U on Cytochrome P450: Biochemistry, Biophysics and Jan-G Vermeulen, Christopher Rothman, and Eduan %LRWHFKQRORJ\ +HU SRVWHU ZDV WLWOHG µ6SHFL¿FLW\ DQG Hellmuth. They managed to secure the SAB World of VHOHFWLYLW\RIGLႇHUHQW&<3DONDQHK\GUR[\ODVHV¶ Learning Educational Brewery for the UFS. After the takeover of SABMiller, AB InBev decided to donate the 6DKHHG 6DELX 3K' VWXGHQW  UHFHLYHG WKH SUL]H DV OLWUHHGXFDWLRQDOEUHZHU\WKDWXVHGWREHORFDWHG ¿UVWUXQQHUXSLQWKH6FLHQFHFDWHJRU\RIWKHDQQXDO at the SAB Cyril Ramaphosa World of Learning, 1DWLRQDO WKUHHPLQXWH WKHVLV FRPSHWLWLRQ DIWHU EHLQJ to a tertiary education institution. They invited the the overall winner from 11 UFS students who took part 16 institutions who participate in the annual SAB in the regional competition. The theme of his three- ,QWHUYDUVLW\ EUHZLQJ FRPSHWLWLRQ WR VXEPLW SURSRVDOV minute thesis was, ‘From Waste to Health: Corn silk in DQG PRWLYDWH ZK\ WKH EUHZHU\ VKRXOG EH GRQDWHG WR the management of kidney disorders’. their respective campuses. Kovsie Brewing, with help 5LWD0\EXUJ 06FVWXGHQW UHFHLYHGDPHULWFHUWL¿FDWH from Gerard Verhoef and Dr Karen Booysen from IRU WKH EHVW 'DLU\ 6WXGHQW RYHU D VSHFL¿F DFDGHPLF '5'VXEPLWWHGWKHZLQQLQJSURSRVDO career from the SA Society of Dairy Technology at their 50th Annual Symposium held in Pretoria in May 2017. $FWLYLWLHV We hosted our annual Third-year Information Day on 18 May 2017 to promote postgraduate studies. Invited WKLUG\HDUVWXGHQWVZHUHLQIRUPHGDERXWSRVWJUDGXDWH study options and the main areas of research in the department. On 14 June 2017, we held our annual Research Day during which the postdoctoral fellows presented their results, and researchers working in the area of The brewers of Kovsie Brewing with the 500-litre SAB World of Learning Educational Brewery, worth an estimated R7 safe and novel food products gave overviews of their million, which they secured for the UFS. Seen here are from UHVHDUFK7KH5HVHDUFK'D\ZDVVSRQVRUHGE\ the left: Dr Errol Cason (postdoc), Eduan Hellmuth (MSc Separations. student), Dr Jan-G Vermeulen (postdoc), and Christopher Rothman (PhD student) The Kovsie Brewing team and the Mushroom Growers,

124 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 OHG E\ 3URI %HQQLH 9LOMRHQ WRRN SDUW LQ WKH 9U\VWDDW 'LYHUVLW\ ZKLOH DUW VWXGHQWV FRQWULEXWHG ZRUNV ZKLFK Arts Festival in July, as well as the Botanical Garden FDSWXUHGWKHLUXQGHUVWDQGLQJRIELRORJ\DQGVFLHQFH )RRGDQG$UW0DUNHWLQ2FWREHU 7KHH[KLELWLRQZDVKHOGLQWKH'HSDUWPHQWRI0LFURELDO Biochemical and Food Biotechnology from 12 to 24 3URI.RRV$OEHUW\QDQG'U)UDQV2¶1HLOODFFRPSDQLHG 2FWREHU ¿QDO\HDU0LFURELRORJ\VWXGHQWVDQG0LFURELRORJ\ honours students on the annual tour to AB InBev Laurinda Steyn and Christelle van Rooyen presented IRUPHUO\ NQRZQ DV 6$%0LOOHU  RQ  DQG  2FWREHU DEDVLFFRPSXWHUVNLOOVWUDLQLQJFRXUVHIRURXUVHUYLFH  7KH YLVLW LQFOXGHG D OHFWXUH SUHVHQWHG E\ 3URI DQGFOHDQLQJVWDႇ %HWWLH/RGRORWKH&HQWUDO/DERUDWRU\0DQDJHUIRUWKH RESEARCH $IULFD=RQHRI$%,Q%HYDQGDႈOLDWHGSURIHVVRULQWKH GHSDUWPHQW7KLVZDVIROORZHGE\DQH[WHQVLYHWRXURI Safe and Novel Food Products and Processes the Chamdor Brewery in Krugersdorp, as well as a visit Prof Celia Hugo and her research group continued WRWKH:RUOGRI%HHULQ-RKDQQHVEXUJ UHVHDUFK RQ SV\FKURWROHUDQW EDFWHULD ZLWK HPSKDVLV on the genus Chryseobacterium. Taxonomic studies on three novel species were initiated, while the VLJQL¿FDQFH RI Chryseobacterium in poultry feather GHJUDGDWLRQZDVDOVRLQYHVWLJDWHGLQFROODERUDWLRQZLWK Dr Charlotte Boucher. Prof Arno Hugo and his research group started a QHZ SURMHFW IXQGHG E\ WKH 5HG 0HDW ,QGXVWU\ RQ the reduction of salt levels in traditional South African SURFHVVHG PHDW SURGXFWV VXFK DV ERHUHZRUV GULHG VDXVDJHDQGELOWRQJ7KH6RXWK$IULFDQ*RYHUQPHQW Final-year and honours student annual tour to AB InBev LV EXV\ LPSOHPHQWLQJ QHZ UHJXODWLRQV WR UHGXFH WKH 3URI &DUOLHQ 3RKO$OEHUW\Q OHFWXUHU IRU WKH VHFRQG sodium levels of food. The purpose of this research \HDU0LFURELRORJ\FRXUVHDQG'U-DQLQH$OOHQ6SLHV LVWRLQYHVWLJDWHWKHHႇHFWRIVRGLXPUHGXFWLRQRQWKH from the Department of Fine Arts, organised an art PLFURELRORJLFDOTXDOLW\FKHPLFDOVWDELOLW\DQGVHQVRU\ H[KLELWLRQIRUZKLFKVHFRQG\HDU0LFURELRORJ\VWXGHQWV properties of these products. FRQWULEXWHG DUWZRUNV WKDW GHPRQVWUDWHG DQ\ FRQFHSW ,QWKHVHQVRU\DQGSURGXFWGHYHORSPHQWODERUDWRU\'U GHDOW ZLWK LQ WKH PRGXOH 0LFURELDO (YROXWLRQ DQG &DULQD%RWKPDLQYHVWLJDWHGWKHVHQVRU\SUR¿OLQJDQG nutritional values of novel food plants such as Agave americana and lucerne. The research of Dr Maryna de Wit focuses on the IXQFWLRQDO XVHV RI FDFWXV SHDUV 2SXQWLD ¿FXVLQGLFD and Opuntia robusta  LQ IRRG DSSOLFDWLRQV 7KHVH LQFOXGHWKHQDWXUDOFRORXUDQWV EHWDODLQV IURPWKHIUXLW WKHXVHRIWKHFODGRGHVDVYHJHWDEOHVDVZHOODVWKH mucilage and seed oils. 3URI*DUU\2VWKRႇ¶VUHVHDUFKRQPLONIURP$IULFDQ non-dairy animals provided proof that milk composition Collaborative undergraduate teaching and learning between the Departments of Microbial, Biochemical and Food is genetically determined. His research found that %LRWHFKQRORJ\DQG)LQH$UWVFXOPLQDWHGLQWKH¿UVW%LR$UW DOSKD FDVHLQV DUH DEVHQW LQ WKH PLON RI WKH $IULFDQ exhibition held in the Department of Microbial, Biochemical HOHSKDQW VR WKDW WKH PLFHOOHV DUH RQO\ VWDELOLVHG E\ and Food Biotechnology. Almost 60 artworks in total were received, from visual art to music, electronic presentations, EHWDDQGNDSSDFDVHLQVDVZHOODVFDOFLXPSKRVSKDWH and written work such as poems and stories. Seen here, nanoclusters. Further studies are underway to explain are from the left: Prof Heidi Hudson (Dean: Faculty of the the structure-function aspects of casein micelles. Humanities), Dr Janine Allen-Spies (lecturer, Fine Arts), Prof Carlien Pohl-Albertyn (lecturer, Microbiology), Prof 'U .RRV 0\EXUJK DQG KLV VWXGHQWV ZRUNHG RQ WKH Martie Smit (Departmental Head, Biotechnology), Elzmarie Oosthuizen (Teaching and Learning Manager, Natural and activation of Plasminogen to Plasmin, which plays a Agricultural Sciences), Prof Corli Witthuhn (Vice-Rector: GHWULPHQWDOUROHGXULQJÀRFFXODWLRQJHODWLRQLQPLON,Q Research). The project was the brainchild of Prof Pohl- addition, they developed a strategy using commercial Albertyn and Dr Allen-Spies

125 Improvement of human and animal health Dr Trudi O’Neill’s Molecular Virology Group continued to investigate rotavirus strain diversity, the development of alternative rotavirus vaccines, as well as rotavirus DQGOLSLGLQWHUDFWLRQVDVSRVVLEOHWKHUDSHXWLFWDUJHWV 7KHZRUNRIWKH&OLQLFDO%LRFKHPLVWU\*URXSOHGE\'U )UDQV 2¶1HLOO LQYROYLQJ KXPDQ FHOOXODU GHWR[L¿FDWLRQ DQG VWHURO PHWDEROLVP DV ZHOO DV WKH KHWHURORJRXV expression of reproductive hormones, continues.

3URI*DUU\2VWKR௺ZRUNHGZLWK'U)UDQFRLV'HDFRQIURP The Pathogenic Yeast Research Group, currently the Department of Animal and Grassland Sciences on FRPSULVLQJ 3URI .RRV $OEHUW\Q 3URI &DUOLHQ 3RKO DSURMHFWWRFROODUJLUD௺HV$VSDUWRIWKHSURMHFW3URI 2VWKR௺VHHQKHUHPLONLQJDJLUD௺HREWDLQHGPLONVDPSOHV DQG 'U 2OLKLOH 6HERODL IRFXVHV RQ WKH PHWDEROLVP IURPHLJKWJLUD௺HV DQG PROHFXODU PHFKDQLVPV RI ELRDFWLYH OLSLGV RI pathogenic yeasts, Cryptococcus neoformans and protease to accelerate yogurt manufacturing with more Candida albicans. They found that 3-hydroxy fatty than 20%, without any negative impact on texture and acids protect Cryptococcus against phagocytosis ÀDYRXU'U0\EXUJKZDVWDVNHGE\,')6$WRUHSUHVHQW DQG WKDW FHUWDLQ FRPSRXQGV WKDW PD\ LQKLELW WKH South Africa at the WDS 2017 dairy congress held in SURGXFWLRQRIWKHVHIDWW\DFLGVPD\EHUHSXUSRVHGDV Belfast in Ireland. anti-Cryptococcus drugs. They are also interested in Prof Viljoen received funding from the TIA Seed Fund WKH PHWDEROLVP RI IDWW\ DFLGV WR LPPXQRPRGXODWRU\ for two projects on the medicinal and animal feed PHWDEROLWHV LQ ELR¿OPV FRQVLVWLQJ RI C. albicans and SRWHQWLDORIHGLEOHPXVKURRPV WKH EDFWHULXP Pseudomonas aeruginosa and found WKDW WKHVH PXOWLVSHFLHV ELR¿OPV SURGXFH PRUH WKDQ Biocatalysis and Bioremediation GRXEOHWKHFRQFHQWUDWLRQRIWKHVHLPPXQRPRGXODWRU\ 7KH 7,$IXQGHG 6$(16( 3ODWIRUP OHG E\ 3URI 9DQ compounds. Heerden, continued to apply the knowledge gained The Veterinary Biotechnology Research Group of Prof IURP WKHLU ZRUN LQ WKH GHHS VXEVXUIDFH WR GHYHORS remediation strategies for the treatment of water 5RE%UDJJDQG'U&KDUORWWH%RXFKHUFRQWLQXHGWKHLU pollution in various industries. Three pilot plants ZRUNRQWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIVXEXQLWYDFFLQHVDJDLQVW showcased the technology on-site with industrial E. coli as well as expression of endolysin genes as SDUWQHUV 7KHLU UHVHDUFK DOVR DGGUHVVHV PLFURELDO SRWHQWLDODOWHUQDWLYHVIRUDQWLELRWLFV FDUERQ WUDQVIRUPDWLRQV LQ VXEVXUIDFH HQYLURQPHQWV 1DWLRQDODQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ROODERUDWLRQ In addition, research was also conducted on the The Veterinary Biotechnology Group has several IHDVLELOLW\RIELRJDVSURGXFWLRQE\EDFWHULDIURPYDULRXV VXEVWUDWHVDQGZDVWHV LQWHUQDWLRQDOFROODERUDWLRQV The aim of the Biocatalysis Group of Prof Martie Smit y7KH FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 'U ;LDROLQJ &KHQ %HLMLQJ DQG'U'LUN2SSHUPDQLVWRGHYHORSQRYHOELRFDWDO\WLF Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences systems for the introduction of oxygen into molecules %$$)6  &KLQD LV RQJRLQJ 7KH UHVHDUFK JURXS and the further conversion of these hydroxylated RI 'U &KHQ KDV VHTXHQFHG WKH ZKROH JHQRPH RI products. The group focuses on the oxyfunctionalisation Avibacterium paragallinarumLVRODWHEHORQJLQJ RI YDULRXV QDWXUDO DQG SHWURFKHPLFDO K\GURFDUERQV WRVHURJURXS$7KHGDWDKDYHEHHQPDGHDYDLODEOH LQFOXGLQJ PRQRWHUSHQHV DONDQHV DQG DONHQHV E\ for further exploitation and comparison to the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, and the synthesis VHTXHQFHGDWDRIVHURYDU&DJHQRPHSUHYLRXVO\ of esters and lactones from the corresponding ketones. VHTXHQFHGZLWKLQWKHLUUHVHDUFKJURXS The Fermentation Biotechnology Research Group, y,Q D ORQJVWDQGLQJ FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 'U 3DWULFN comprising Prof Stephanus Kilian and Laurinda Blackall from the University of Queensland, Steyn, continued optimisation of the conversion of %ULVEDQH$XVWUDOLDZKRLVZLGHO\UHJDUGHGDVWKH VXFURVH LQWR SRWHQWLDO SUHELRWLF ROLJRVDFFKDULGHV world expert on infectious coryza in chickens, the The oligosaccharide mixture produced was partially ORQJWHUPVWRUDJHRIWKHYHU\IDVWLGLRXVEDFWHULXP characterised and found to have commercial potential Avibacterium paragallinarum – the causative agent IRUXVHLQWKHIRUPXODWLRQRISUHELRWLFV RILQIHFWLRXVFRU\]D±LVEHLQJLQYHVWLJDWHG

126 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 y7KH\ DOVR KDYH FROODERUDWLYH SURMHFWV ZLWK 'U y'XULQJVKHFRQWLQXHGWKHFROODERUDWLRQZLWK Asgar of Saife VetMed in India on various potential Dr Nilsa de Deus at the National Institute of Health, commercial products, as well as with Dr Gavakar 0DSXWR 0R]DPELTXH RQ URWDYLUXV GLYHUVLW\ LQ of Ventri Biologicals, the largest poultry-vaccine 0R]DPELTXH $V SDUW RI WKLV FROODERUDWLRQ 3K' manufacturer in India, on the development of student Eva Dora da Cruz João, co-supervised HႇHFWLYH YDFFLQHV DJDLQVW LQIHFWLRXV FRU\]D DQG E\'U2¶1HLOOYLVLWHGWKHJURXSLQ0D\DVZHOODV DOVRSRVVLEOHVXEXQLWYDFFLQHGHYHORSPHQW $XJXVW WR 2FWREHU  6KH LV HPSOR\HG DV D y3URI 5RE %UDJJ ZDV LQYLWHG WR SUHVHQW WZR scientist at the National Institute of Health, Maputo, Biosecurity workshops for a major poultry producer LQ 0R]DPELTXH DQG HQUROOHG IRU KHU 3K' DW WKH in Indonesia. 1HZ8QLYHUVLW\RI/LVERQ3RUWXJDO'U2¶1HLOODOVR FROODERUDWHV ZLWK 'U 0DUWLQ 1\DJD IURP WKH 8)6 yDr Charlotte Boucher visited the AgroParis Tech 1H[W *HQHUDWLRQ 6HTXHQFLQJ ODERUDWRU\ RQ WKLV campus of the French National Institute for topic. $JULFXOWXUDO5HVHDUFK ,15$ VLWXDWHGLQ*ULJQRQ France, to work for one month under the mentorship y7KH FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK 3URI &KULVWLDDQ 3RWJLHWHU of leading researcher in Yeast Biotechnology, Dr Deltamune, Pretoria, also continued. This Catherine Madzak. They worked on evaluating FROODERUDWLRQ VXSSRUWHG E\ IXQGLQJ IURP WKH WUDQVSRVRPLFVWUDWHJLHVWRVWXG\WKH¿WQHVVYDOXHRI Poliomyelitis Research Foundation of South Africa, Yarrowia lipolytica genes under various conditions. DLPVWRGHYHORSD1HZFDVWOHGLVHDVHYLUXV 1'9  UHSOLFRQEDVHG URWDYLUXV YDFFLQH IRU D YHWHULQDU\ 3URI $UQR +XJR FROODERUDWHG ZLWK WKH $JULFXOWXUDO application. To this end, Dr O’Neill hosted an MSc Research Council, North-West University, the student from the Technical University of Munich, University of Fort Hare, and the University of Swaziland *HUPDQ\-DVPLQ$VFKHQEUHQQHUZKRVXFFHVVIXOO\ RQUHVHDUFKUHJDUGLQJWKHHႇHFWRIGLHWDU\LQWHUYHQWLRQ completed her MSc mini thesis in May 2017. on the lipid component of meat from monogastric and ruminant animals. Prof Hugo also completed a y(ႇRUWV WR HVWDEOLVK D UHYHUVH JHQHWLFV V\VWHP IRU FROODERUDWLRQEHWZHHQWKH8QLYHUVLW\RIWKH)UHH6WDWH URWDYLUXV ZDV FRQWLQXHG ZLWK 3URI $OELH YDQ 'LMN the University of Kwazulu-Natal, and the Haramaya 1RUWK:HVW8QLYHUVLW\ 1:8 DQG3URI3RWJLHWHU 8QLYHUVLW\ LQ (WKLRSLD RQ WKH RLO TXDOLW\ RI JURXQGQXW 7KLV FROODERUDWLRQ ZDV H[WHQGHG WR LQFOXGH 3URI seed. Reimar Johne from the Federal Institute for Risk 'U2SSHUPDQKDVWZRRQJRLQJFROODERUDWLYHSURMHFWV Assessment in Berlin, Germany. with groups in Germany: Dr Selin Kara from the y$V SDUW RI WKH$UJHQWLQD  6RXWK$IULFD 5HVHDUFK Institute of Technical Biocatalysis at the Technical Cooperation Programme, Dr O’Neill visited Dr 8QLYHUVLW\+DPEXUJ+DUEXUJ 78++ DQG'U6DEULQD Martin Blasco and his team from the Centre for +|EHQUHLFK DW WKH 3KLOLSSV 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 0DUEXUJ Biotechnology in the Department of Industrial 7KHVH WKUHH JURXSV EULQJ WRJHWKHU H[SHUWLVH LQ Biotechnology at the Argentinean National Institute WKH ¿HOG RI %LRFDWDO\VLV LQFOXGLQJ SURWHLQ VWUXFWXUH of Industrial Technology in Buenos Aires from 2 to determination, directed evolution, and process 2FWREHU'XULQJKHUYLVLWWR%XHQRV$LUHV GHYHORSPHQW DQG DUH FXUUHQWO\ IRFXVLQJ RQ ÀDYLQ Dr O’Neill also met with researchers from the GHSHQGHQWHQ]\PHVIRUSUDFWLFDOELRFDWDO\VLV-HQQLIHU National Institute of Agricultural Technology. Dr Engel, Dr Selin Kara’s PhD student, visited the UFS Blasco paid a return visit to South Africa from 13 to during July 2017 to work with Dr Opperman on creating 1RYHPEHUPHHWLQJZLWKYDULRXVVWDႇPHPEHUV PXWDQW ELRFDWDO\VWV IRU LPSURYHG RSHUDWLRQDO VWDELOLW\ LQWKHGHSDUWPHQWWRGLVFXVVIXWXUHSRVVLELOLWLHVIRU DQGDFWLYLW\+HUYLVLWZDVVSRQVRUHGE\WKH*HUPDQ FROODERUDWLRQ $FDGHPLF([FKDQJH6HUYLFH '$$' 'U)HOL[)HUURQL a previous postdoctoral fellow of the Biocatalysis The SAENSE Platform continued with several national JURXSQRZDUHVHDUFKHUDWWKH1DWLRQDO6FLHQWL¿FDQG DQGLQWHUQDWLRQDOFROODERUDWLRQV 7HFKQLFDO5HVHDUFK&RXQFLO &21,&(7 LQ$UJHQWLQD y7KH 6$(16( 3ODWIRUP UHSUHVHQWHG E\ 3URI (VWD returned for an eight-week research visit during March- YDQ+HHUGHQ'U-XOLR&DVWLOORDQG$OED*RPH]  $SULOWRGHWHUPLQHWKH;UD\FU\VWDOVWUXFWXUHVRI WRJHWKHUZLWKWKH'67KRVWHGWKHRWKHUPHPEHUV new copper containing nitrite reductases, ultimately for of the Network on the Industrial Handling of QLWULWHELRVHQVRUGHYHORSPHQW 5DZ 0DWHULDOV IRU (XURSHDQ ,QGXVWULHV (5$ 'U7UXGL2¶1HLOOKDVDFWLYHFROODERUDWLRQVZLWKVHYHUDO MIN  SURMHFW ZKR DUH 3URI &DUORV$\RUD &6,& national and international groups. %DUFHORQD  3URI -RVH 0LJXHO 1LHWR 8QLYHUVLW\ RI

127 +XHOYD 3URI0DQXHO2OLDV 8QLYHUVLW\RI+XHOYD  ZLWK 3URI 'DYLG 0DUDLV 8QLYHUVLW\ RI &DSH 7RZQ 3HWUD 6KQHLGHU 0DJGHEXUJ6WHQGDO 8QLYHUVLW\ 8&7  RQ SK\WRVWHUROV LQ VHOHFWHG 6RXWK $IULFDQ RI $SSOLHG 6FLHQFHV  DQG 'U 6WHSKDQH 3HOOHW IDXQDDQGZLWK'U'HH%ODFNKXUVW 8&7 RQUHDFWLYH 5RVWDLQJ ,QVWLWXWHIRUWKH6HSDUDWLRQ&KHPLVWU\LQ oxygen species in rotavirus-infected cells. He is also 0DUFRXOH  7KH PHHWLQJ ZDV KHOG LQ 3KDODERUZD FROODERUDWLQJZLWK$QL3KDUP3W\/WGRQWKHSURGXFWLRQ from 1 to 5 May 2017. The purpose of this meeting RIHTXLQHFKRULRQLFJRQDGRWURSLQ ZDV WR YLVLW WKH 3KDODERUZD FRPSOH[ DQG LQWHUDFW 'U *DEUp .HPS FROODERUDWHG ZLWK 'U 7LP 'RZQLQJ ZLWKWKH3DODERUD0LQLQJ&RPSDQ\DQG)RVNRU,Q IURPWKH'HSDUWPHQWRI%LRFKHPLVWU\DQG0LFURELRORJ\ DGGLWLRQWKHPHHWLQJDOORZHGPHPEHUVWRSUHSDUH 1HOVRQ 0DQGHOD 0HWURSROLWDQ 8QLYHUVLW\ 1008  WKH ¿UVW GUDIW IRU WKH VHFRQG (5$0,1 FDOO DQG RQ WKH WR[LFLW\ DQG PHWDEROLVP RI HQYLURQPHQWDO showcase their achievements in a conference EDFWHULDO FRPSRXQGV 7KH FROODERUDWLRQ IRFXVHV RQ where results were presented to the DST and the mass spectrometric analysis of protein amino-acid VFLHQWL¿F FRPPXQLW\ FRPLQJ IURP GLႇHUHQW 6RXWK compositions, amino acid extracts, and amino acid African universities. LVRWRSRORJXHGLVWULEXWLRQLQFHOOH[WUDFWV yIn May 2017, Prof Esta van Heerden and Dr Mariana 3URI *DUU\ 2VWKRႇ DOVR FROODERUDWHG RQ PDVV Erasmus travelled to the USA to strengthen existing DQGHVWDEOLVKQHZFROODERUDWLRQVWRHQKDQFHWKHLU spectrometry analyses of milk proteins with Dr Stoychev ELRUHPHGLDWLRQ SRUWIROLR DQG SURMHFWV ,QWHUDFWLRQ &RXQFLOIRU6FLHQWL¿FDQG,QGXVWULDO5HVHDUFK &6,5  took place with Prof Mary DeFlaun and her 3UHWRULD  Geosyntec Consultants Team from the USA on Postgraduate Students metal-reducing reactors, as well as Dr Mark Reinsel 5XDQ )RXULH 3K' VWXGHQW  DQG 'U (UURO &DVRQ from Apex Engineering in Montana, where new SRVWGRF  DWWHQGHG WKH %LRLQIRUPDWLFV &RQIHUHQFH WHFKQRORJLHV DQG QHZ UHVHDUFK TXHVWLRQV ZHUH µ)URP $OJRULWKPV WR $SSOLFDWLRQV¶ LQ 6W 3HWHUVEXUJ discussed. Russia. yThe SAENSE Platform hosted Prof Jose Carlo 3URI 5REHUW %UDJJ DQG 'U &KDUORWWH %RXFKHU ZLWK Berenguer from the Centre for Molecular Biology VWXGHQWV 0DULVD &RHW]HH /LDQL 0H\EXUJK (OHEHUW µ6HYHUR 2FKRD &%062  LQ 0DGULG IURP  WR Mwanza, and Liese Kilian, attended the International  $XJXVW  +LV YLVLW ZDV DUUDQJHG E\ WKH SAENSE Platform in conjunction with an exchange 8QLRQRI0LFURELRORJLFDO6RFLHWLHV ,806 &RQIHUHQFH SURJUDPPH EHWZHHQ 6RXWK $IULFDQ DQG 6SDQLVK held 17-21 July 2017 in Singapore, Malaysia. The institutions. group showcased eight posters and Dr Charlotte %RXFKHUGHOLYHUHGDQRUDOSUHVHQWDWLRQEDVHGRQWKH yProf TC Onstott from Princeton University visited research of her PhD student, Ji-Yun Lee. XVDWWKHHQGRI6HSWHPEHUZLWKUHJDUGWRDQ RQJRLQJFROODERUDWLYHSURMHFWEHWZHHQWKH6$(16( &DUPLHQ7ROPLH 3K'VWXGHQW ZDVVSRQVRUHGE\WKH Platform of the UFS, the North-West University, 2UJDQLVDWLRQIRUWKH3URKLELWLRQRI&KHPLFDO:HDSRQV the German Research Centre for Geoscience 23&: WRDWWHQGWKH6FKRROIRU,QWHJUDWLYH6WUXFWXUDO *HUPDQ\ DQG3ULQFHWRQ8QLYHUVLW\WKDWLVIXQGHG Biology that was held from 2 to 11 June 2017 in E\ WKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQWLQHQWDO 6FLHQWL¿F 'ULOOLQJ Erice, Sicily. This school commemorated the 50th Programme, the National Science Foundation, DQQLYHUVDU\RIFU\VWDOORJUDSK\PHHWLQJVVWDUWHGE\WKH and the National Research Foundation. The 1REHOODXUHDWH'RURWK\+RGJNLQDSLRQHHULQSURWHLQ multidisciplinary research project is titled KASMS: crystallography. µ.LQHWLFDOO\ $FWLYDWHG 6XEVXUIDFH 0LFURELDO 'U $P\ 6WU\GRP SRVWGRF  DQG 2OXIHPL )RORUXQVR 6DPSOHU¶7KH*HUPDQVFLHQWL¿FH[SHULPHQWZLWKLQ 3K' VWXGHQW  DWWHQGHG WKH WK $IULFDQ 5RWDYLUXV this project is called: ProHydroGen. The purpose Symposium that was held from 28 to 30 May 2017 in of the project is to investigate the processes of Lilongwe, Malawi. They received fully sponsored travel hydrogen genesis during seismic cycles in active grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to fault zones. The overall idea of this interdisciplinary attend the symposium. Both presented posters at the VWXG\LVWREHWWHUXQGHUVWDQGWKHFRUUHODWLRQEHWZHHQ meeting. seismicity and gas release and to geochemically characterise the extreme environment of life in the STAFF MATTERS GHHSVXEVXUIDFH Millie Cohen, who was departmental secretary for 27 'U)UDQV2¶1HLOOFROODERUDWHGZLWK3URI$OELHYDQ'LMN years, retired at the end of January 2017 and was 1:8 RQWKHUROHRI*/<$7LQFHOOXODUGHWR[L¿FDWLRQ UHSODFHGE\0SKR7VKRWHWVL

128 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 'U $ULQD +LW]HURWK ZDV DSSRLQWHG DV 2ႈFHU Armstrong-James, D, Bicanic, T, Brown, GD, Hoving, Professional Services in the Food Science section in JC, Meintjes, G, Nielsen, K, and the EMBO-AIDS June 2017. Related Mycoses Working Group: Akilimali, AN, Alupo, Dr Julio Castillo Hernandez and Dr Angel Valverde- P, Andrianopoulos, A, Barr, D, Bauman, S, Botha, A, Portal were appointed as senior researchers in the Boulware, D, Bradley, S, Brand, S, Burgers, W, Chari, SAENSE Platform in July 2017. 5&KLOOHU7&RKHQ2'DPEX]D,'D\-'HQQLQJ ' (GZDUGV - )LVKHU 0 )UDVHU - *DUHOQDEL 0 Alda Fourie, who was Strategic and Operational Gomez, BL, Govender, N, Hanise, P, Harrison, J, Manager for the SAENSE Platform and the department Harrison, T, Heath, C, Hope, W, Huppler-Hullsiek, K, VLQFH WKH EHJLQQLQJ RI  UHVLJQHG LQ 1RYHPEHU -DUYLV - -HQNLQV 0 .DPX\DQJR $ .DQQDPEDWK 2017 for a new position with the OFM division of 6 .DWHQGH $ .DXႇPDQ & .ODXVQHU - .ROOV - the Central Media Group. Dr Mariana Erasmus was Kwizera, R, Lalloo, D, Le, T, Lerm, B, Letang, E, appointed as new manager of the SAENSE Platform. Levitz, S, Limper, A, Longley, N, Loyse, A, Madu, L, 0DULDDQ .HDUQH\ ¿QDQFLDO RႈFHU RI WKH 6$(16( Maphanga, TG, Marakalala, M, Mashao-Mphaphuli, B, 3ODWIRUPDOVRUHVLJQHGLQ1RYHPEHUIRUDQHZ 0D\50EZDQML*0H\D'0KODQJD00ROOR\6 position in the Department of Finance at the UFS. 0WKHPEX10XNDUHPHUD/1DFKHU01GLLWZDQL' It was a great loss to us when Prof Esta van Heerden Netea, M, Ogundeji, A, Okurut, S, Oladele, R, Omondi, UHVLJQHGLQ'HFHPEHU6KHKDVJURZQZLWKWKH F, Orchard, A, Osherov, N, Otieno, PA, Prerez-Casas, department from student to lecturer and was Professor C, Perfect, J, Rhein, J, Romani, L, Rukasha, I, Samie, LQ %LRFKHPLVWU\ VLQFH  6KH KDV DOVR EHHQ WKH $ 6FKXW] & 6FKZDUW] , 6FULYHQ - 6HERODL 20 GULYLQJIRUFHEHKLQGWKH6$(16(3ODWIRUP 6HOHWHQJ.RVH/6KLNZDPEDQH1WOHPR*6PXOLDQ *6REHO-6ULUXWWDQ&6WRQH17UROORSH.7XJXPH Prof Stephanus Killian, who has also grown with the L, Valentine, M, Vreulink, JM, Wake, R, Wasseman, S, department from student to lecturer over 40 years and Wilkinson, R, Williams, D, Williamson, P, Wood, K, and KDVEHHQ3URIHVVRULQ0LFURELRORJ\VLQFHUHWLUHG Youngchim, S. 2017. AIDS-related mycoses: Current at the end of 2017. SURJUHVV LQ WKH ¿HOG DQG IXWXUH SULRULWLHV Trends in Dr Dirk Opperman and Dr Trudi O’Neill were promoted Microbiology 25, 428-430. to Associate Professors in Biochemistry, and Dr Carina Bowman, JP, Hugo, C, and Bernardet, J-F. 2017. Bothma to Senior Lecturer in Food Science. International Committee on Systematics of RESEARCH OUTPUTS 3URNDU\RWHV 6XEFRPPLWWHH RQ WKH WD[RQRP\ RI $HURELF Bacteroidetes IRUPHUO\ Flavobacterium and 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV CytophagaOLNHEDFWHULD 0LQXWHVRIWKHPHHWLQJ $JXQELDGH 02 9DQ +HHUGHQ ( 3RKO &+ DQG July 2014, Montréal, Canada. International Journal of Ashafa, AOT. 2017. Flocculating performance of a Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 67:507-509. ELRÀRFFXODQW SURGXFHG E\ Arthrobacter humicola in sewage waste water treatment. BMC Biotechnology Cason, ED, Williams, PJ, Ojo, E, Castillo, J, DeFLaun, 17:51. MF, and Van Heerden, E. 2017. Hexavalent chromium ELRUHGXFWLRQDQGFKHPLFDOSUHFLSLWDWLRQRIVXOSKDWHDV Alayande, KA, and Ashafa, AOT. 2017. Evaluation D WUHDWPHQW RI VLWHVSHFL¿F À\ DVK OHDFKDWHV World RI F\WRWR[LF HႇHFWV DQG DQWLPLFURELDO DFWLYLWLHV RI Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 33:88. Lecaniodiscus cupanioides 3ODQFK  OHDI H[WUDFW Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa &OXႇ 0 %RWKPD & +XJR &- DQG +XJR$  72:33-38. Intermediate added salt as sodium reduction strategy: (ႇHFWV RQ FKHPLFDO PLFURELDO WH[WXUDO DQG VHQVRU\ Alayande, KA, Pohl, CH, and Ashafa, AOT. 2017. Time- TXDOLW\RISRORQ\Meat Science 133:143-150. NLOO NLQHWLFV DQG ELRFLGDO HႇHFW RI Euclea crispa leaf H[WUDFWV DJDLQVW PLFURELDO PHPEUDQH $VLDQ 3DFL¿F 'DEURZVNL - 2EHUKROVWHU 3 6WH\O - 2VWKRႇ * Journal of Tropical Medicine 10:390-399. Hugo, A, Power, DM, and Van Wyk, JH. 2017. Thyroid IXQFWLRQ RI VWHDWLWLVDႇHFWHG 0R]DPELTXH WLODSLD $OD\DQGH .$ 6DELX 6 DQG $VKDID $27  Oreochromis mossambicusIURPDVXEWURSLFDO$IULFDQ Medicinal properties of Abrus precatorius L. Leaf reservoir. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 125:101- H[WUDFW DQWLPLFURELDO F\WRWR[LFLW\ DQG FDUERK\GUDWH 113. PHWDEROLVLQJ HQ]\PHV¶ LQKLELWRU\ SRWHQWLDO Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa De Wit, M, Hugo, A, and Shongwe, N. 2017. Quality 72:242-250. 72:33-38. assessment of seed oil from selected cactus pear

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130 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Opperman, DJ. 2017. Structural investigation into 6FKDERUW ':3 .LOLDQ 6* DQG 'X 3UHH] -& the C-terminal extension of the ene-reductase from 2017. Elucidation of new condition-dependent roles Ralstonia (Cupriavidus) metallidurans. Proteins: IRU IUXFWRVHELVSKRVSKDWDVH OLQNHG WR FRIDFWRU Structure, Function and Bioinformatics 85:2252-2257. EDODQFHVPLoS ONE 12:e0177319. 2VRSDOH %$ :LWWKXKQ &5 $OEHUW\Q - DQG Sharma, K, Kumar, V, Swart-Pistor, C, Chaudhary, 2JXQWR\LQER)$,QKLELWRU\VSHFWUXPRIGLYHUVH B, and Swart, HC. 2017. Synthesis, characterization, guaiacol-producing Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestrisE\ DQG DQWLPLFURELDO DFWLYLW\ RI VXSHUDEVRUEHQWV EDVHG poly dimethyl ammoniumm chloride disinfectant. LWT RQ DJDUSRO\ PHWKDFU\OLF DFLGJO\FLQH  Journal of - Food Science and Technology 84: 241-247. Bioactive and Compatible Polymers 32:74-91. 2VWKRႇ * +XJR $ 0DGHQGH 0 'HDFRQ ) DQG 7RVVWRURႇ $ .URQHU & 2SSHUPDQ '- +ROOPDQQ Nel, PJ. 2017. Milk composition of free-ranging red F, and Holtmann, D. 2017. Towards electroenzymatic KDUWHEHHVW JLUDႇH 6RXWKHUQ UHHGEXFN DQG ZDUWKRJ processes involving old yellow enzymes and mediated and a phylogenetic comparison of the milk of cofactor regeneration. Engineering in Life Sciences African Artiodactyla. Comparative Biochemistry and 17:71-76. Physiology, Part A 204:93-103. Van Goethem, MW, MAkhalanyane, TP, Cowan, Podosokorskaya, OA, Merkel, AY, Van Heerden, '$ DQG 9DOYHUGH $  &\DQREDFWHULD DQG E, Cason, E, Kopitsyn, DS, Vasilieva, M, Bonch- $OSKDSURWHREDFWHULD PD\ IDFLOLWDWH FRRSHUDWLYH 2VPRORYVND\D ($ DQG .XEODQRY ,9  interactions in niche communities. Frontiers in Sporosalibacterium tautonense sp. nov., a Microbiology 8:art 2099. WKHUPRWROHUDQW KDORSKLOLF K\GURO\WLF EDFWHULXP Van Onselen, R, Downing, S, Kemp, G, and Downing, isolated from a gold mine, and emended description 7  ,QYHVWLJDWLQJ EN-methylamino-L-alanine of hte genus Sporosalibacterium. International Journal misincorporation in human cell cultures: A comparative of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 67:1457- study with known amino acid analogues. Toxins 9:400. 1461. White, BE, Fenner, CJ, Smit, MS, and Harrison, STL. Qhanya, LB, Mthakathi, NT, Boucher, CE, Mashele,  (ႇHFW RI FHOO SHUPHDELOLW\ DQG GHK\GUJHQDVH SS, Theron, CW, and Syed, K. 2017. Isolation and H[SUHVVLRQRQRFWDQHDFWLYDWLRQE\&<3$EDVHG characterisation of endocrine disruptor nonylphenol- whole cell Escherichia coli catalysts. Microbial Cell XVLQJEDFWHULDIURP6RXWK$IULFDSouth African Journal Factories 16:156. of Science 113:art2016-0287. ;D]HOD10+XJR$0DUXPD8DQG0XFKHQMH9 Rani, ZT, Hugo, A, Hugo, CJ, Vimiso, P, and Muchenje, 2017. Perception of rural consumers on the aspects 9  (ႇHFW RI SRVWVODXJKWHU KDQGOLQJ GXULQJ RIPHDWTXDOLW\DQGKHDOWKLPSOLFDWLRQVDVVRFLDWHGZLWK GLVWULEXWLRQ RQ PLFURELRORJLFDO TXDOLW\ DQG VDIHW\ RI meat consumption. Sustainability 9:830. meat in the formal and informal sectors of South Africa: A review. South African Journal of Animal Science Conference Contributions 47:255-267. Bailey, B, Tonjock, RK, Cason, E, and Gryzenhout, M. 6DELX 6 $MDQL (2 6XQPRQX 72 %DORJXQ )2 2017. Root endophyte communities from sodic and Ashafa, AOT, Othman, RB, and Olowa, SK. 2017. non-sodic soils in a catena ecosystem of the Kruger 0HFKDQLVP RI KHSDWRSURWHFWLYH SRWHQWLDO RI DTXHRXV National Park, South Africa SRVWHU . 21st Congress of extract of Eucalyptus obliqua 0\UWDFHDH  LQ FDUERQ the Association for the Taxonomic Study of the Flora of tetrachloride intoxicated Wistar rats. Journal of Applied 7URSLFDO$IULFD1DLUREL.HQ\D0D\ Pharmaceutical Science 7:183-190. Boucher, CE, and Jawallapersand, P. 2017. 6DELX 6 2¶1HLOO )+ DQG $VKDID $27  Immunomics: In silico mapping of immune signalling Toxicopathological evaluation of a 28-day repeated pathways in chickens related to Avibacterium dose adminitration of Zea mays/ 3RDFHDH Stigma paragallinarum C-3 serovar infection SRVWHU . maydisDTXHRXVH[WUDFWRQNH\PHWDEROLFPDUNHUVRI ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 8QLRQ RI 0LFURELRORJLFDO 6RFLHWLHV Wistar rats. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Congress. Singapore, Singapore. 17-21 July. Africa 72:225-233. Boucher, CE, Jawallapersand, P. 2017. Immunomics: Sander, WJ, O’Neill, HG, and Pohl, CH. 2017. In silico mapping of immune signalling pathways in chickens related to Avibacterium paragallinarum C-3 Prostaglandin E2 as a modulator of viral infections. Frontiers in Physiology 8:art89. serovar infection SRVWHU . 20th World Veterinary Poultry

131 $VVRFLDWLRQ &RQIHUHQFH (GLQEXUJK 6FRWODQG  De Wit, M, Du Toit, A, Fouché, HJ, Hugo, A, and 6HSWHPEHU Venter, SL. 2017. Screening of cladodes from 42 South African spineless cactus pear cultivars for Bragg, RR. 2017. 7KH XVH RI YDULRXV ³2PLFV´ LQ morphology, mucilage yield and mucilage viscosity the control of Infectious coryza SDSHU . 20th World SDSHU . 9th International Congress on Cactus Pear 9HWHULQDU\3RXOWU\$VVRFLDWLRQ&RQIHUHQFH(GLQEXUJK and Cochineal, and the General Meeting of the FAO- 6FRWODQG6HSWHPEHU ICARDA International Cooperation Network on Cactus &DOLW]$DQG0\EXUJK-The acceleration of 3HDUDQGFRFKLQHDO &$&7861(7 &RTXLPER&KLOH yogurt fermentation by means of peptides derived from 23-30 March. proteolytic pre-treatment of milk. 50th SADT annual De Wit, M, Du Toit, A, Fouché, HJ, Venter, SL, meeting and Symposium. Kivits Kroon, Pretoria. 8-11 and Hugo, A. 2017. Relationship between cladode May. PRUSKRORJ\DQGPXFLODJHWUDLWVIURPGL௺HUHQWFDFWXV Cason, ED, Mlandu, CM, and Van Heerden, E. 2017. pear cultivars for human food applications SRVWHU . Metagenomic exploration of horizontal gene transfer 22nd Biennial International Congress of the South events and phage infections in a South African deep African Association of Food Science and Technology. subsurface bacterial population SDSHU . Bioinformatics: &DSH7RZQ6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU From Algorithms to Applications Conference. St. De Wit, M, Fouché, HJ, De Waal, HO, Coetzer, GM, and 3HWHUVEXUJ5XVVLD$XJXVW Venter, SL. 2017. Promoting the potential of spineless &OXႇ0.REDQH,%RWKPD&+XJR&DQG+XJR cactus pear (2SXQWLD¿FXVLQGLFD) as a multi-use crop A. 2017. Intermediate added salt levels as a sodium at the Oppermansgronde community in the Free State UHGXFWLRQ VWUDWHJ\ (௺HFWV RQ FKHPLFDO PLFURELDO Province of South Africa SDSHU . 9th International textural and sensory quality of polony SRVWHU . 22nd Congress on Cactus Pear and Cochineal, and the Biennial International Congress of the South African General Meeting of the FAO-ICARDA International Association of Food Science and Technology. Cape Cooperation Network on Cactus Pear and cochineal 7RZQ6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU &$&7861(7 &RTXLPER&KLOH0DUFK Coetsee, E, Boucher, CE, and Bragg, RR. 2017. De Witt, FH, Muchenje, V, Fair, MD, and Hugo, A. Investigating the potential role of prophages present 2017. 7KHH௺HFWRIGLHWDU\ȦW\SHIDWW\DFLGVRQEURLOHU in Avibacterium paragallinarum isolates SRVWHU  th SURGXFWLRQSHUIRUPDQFHDQGIDWW\DFLGSUR¿OHRIEUHDVWV World Veterinary Poultry Association Conference. and thigh meat SRVWHU . 50th Congress of the South (GLQEXUJK6FRWODQG6HSWHPEHU $IULFDQ 6RFLHW\ RI $QLPDO 6FLHQFH 3RUW (OL]DEHWK 6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU Coetzee, M, Theron, CW, and Boucher, CE. 2017. Searching for potential immunomodulators within the 'XEH6DQG0\EXUJK-7he susceptibility of secreted proteins and virulence factors of Avibacterium milk proteins towards Bacillus protease after gas pre- paragallinarum SRVWHU  ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 8QLRQ RI treatment. 50th SADT annual meeting and Symposium. 0LFURELRORJLFDO 6RFLHWLHV &RQJUHVV 6LQgapore, Kivits Kroon, Pretoria. 8-11 May. Singapore. 17-21 July. Du Plessis, L, Van Wyngaard, B, and Hugo, A. 2017. Coetzee, M, Theron, CW, and Boucher, CE. 2017. 7KHH௺HFWRIGLHWDU\RPHJDVXSSOHPHQWDWLRQRISLJV Searching for potential immunomodulators within the on the technological quality, oxidative stability and secreted proteins and virulence factors of Avibacterium sensory properties of pork back bacon SRVWHU . 22nd paragallinarum SRVWHU th World Veterinary Poultry Biennial International Congress of the South African $VVRFLDWLRQ &RQIHUHQFH (GLQEXUJK 6FRWODQG  Association of Food Science and Technology. Cape 6HSWHPEHU 7RZQ6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU De Wit, M, Coetzer, GM, Fouché, HJ, and Venter, Du Toit, A, De Wit, M, Fouché, HJ, Hugo, A, and Venter, SL. 2017. &OLPDWLF LQÀXHQFHV RQ IUXLW TXDOLW\ DQG SL. 2017. Rheological characterization of cactus pear sensory traits of cactus pear (2¿FXVLQGLFD D¿YH mucilage for application in nutraceutical food products year evaluation SRVWHU . 9th International Congress on SDSHU . 9th International Congress on Cactus Pear Cactus Pear and Cochineal, and the General Meeting and Cochineal, and the General Meeting of the FAO- of the FAO-ICARDA International Cooperation Network ICARDA International Cooperation Network on Cactus RQ &DFWXV 3HDU DQG FRFKLQHDO &$&7861(7  3HDUDQGFRFKLQHDO &$&7861(7 &RTXLPER&KLOH &RTXLPER&KLOH0DUFK 23-30 March.

132 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Du Toit, A, De Wit, M, Fouché, HJ, Hugo, A, and +DWWLQJ$DQG0\EXUJK-Computer-assisted Venter, SL. 2017. Determination of the functional LGHQWL¿FDWLRQ RI SURWHRO\WLF SHSWLGH SUR¿OHV XVLQJ properties of freeze-dried cactus pear mucilage MILQC software. 50th SADT annual meeting and powder from cladodes of four South African cultivars Symposium. Kivits Kroon, Pretoria. 8-11 May. SDSHU  th International Congress on Cactus Pear Hellmuth, E, Bragg, RR, and Boucher, CE. 2017. and Cochineal, and the General Meeting of the FAO- Evaluation of the ERIC-PCR as a probable method ICARDA International Cooperation Network on Cactus WR GL௺HUHQWLDWHAvibacterium paragallinarum serovars 3HDUDQGFRFKLQHDO &$&7861(7 &RTXLPER&KLOH SRVWHU . 20th World Veterinary Poultry Association 23-30 March ConfereQFH(GLQEXUJK6FRWODQG6HSWHPEHU Du Toit, A, De Wit, M, Taljaard, M, Bothma, C, and Hugo, A. 2017. The application of cactus pear mucilage Hiscock, L, Bothma, C, Hugo, A, Van Biljon, A, in health-promoting mayonnaise products. Poster DQG -DQVHQ YDQ 5HQVEXUJ :  Consumers’ delivered at 22nd Biennial International Congress of acceptability of amaranth leaves as alternative the South African Association of Food Science and vegetable source SRVWHU . 22nd Biennial International 7HFKQRORJ\&DSH7RZQ6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU Congress of the South African Association of Food Science and Technology. Cape Town, South Africa. 3-6 (QJHO-+XDQJ/5RPHUR(2SSHUPDQ'-5XGURႇ 6HSWHPEHU F, Mihovilovic, MD, Hollmann, F, Fraaije, M, and Kara, S. 2017. Enzymatic redox-neutral convergent -DFREV &/ 6PLW 06 DQG 2SSHUPDQ '-  cascade for lactonizations SDSHU . 19th International 6SHFL¿FLW\DQGVHOHFWLYLW\RIGL௺HUHQW&<3DONDQH Symposium on Flavins and Flavoproteins. Groningen, hydroxylases SRVWHU  th International Symposium The Netherlands. 2-6 July. on Biocatalysis and Biotransformations. Dusseldorf, Engel, J, Mthethwa, KS, Opperman, DJ, and Germany. 9-13 July. Kara, S. 2017. Newly designed and discovered Kilian, L, Bragg, RR, and Boucher, CE. 2017. Evaluating monooxygenases for synthesis of ECL with enhanced a novel disinfecting treatment to combat QAC stability and reduced inhibition SRVWHU . 19th tolerance in the nosocomial pathogen Staphylococcus International Symposium on Flavins and Flavoproteins. epidermidis utilizing a bacteriophage encoded enzyme Groningen, The Netherlands. 2-6 July. SRVWHU . ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 8QLRQ RI 0LFURELRORJLFDO )RORUXQVR 26 $OEHUW\Q - DQG 2¶1HLOO +*  Societies Congress. Singapore, Singapore. 17-21 July. Expression of VP2 and VP6 in yeast to enable .REHQL 6 2VWKRႇ * +XJR $ DQG 0DGHQGH 0 double-layered particle (DLP) production as a non- 2017. Milk of other species: Impala milk SRVWHU . 50th live rotavirus vaccine candidate SRVWHU . 11th African Annual General Meeting and Symposium of the South Rotavirus Symposium. Lilongwe, Malawi. 28-30 May. African Society of Dairy Technology. Pretoria, South )RXULH5&DVRQ('(OOV56HERODL20$OEHUW\Q Africa. 8-11 May. J, and Pohl, CH. 2017. Drilling beyond the tip of the Kühn, Z, Bothma, C, Strydom, PE, Hugo, CJ, and iceberg: A deeper look at the polymicrobialinteraction Hugo, A. 2017. 7KH H௺HFW RI EULQH LQMHFWLRQ OHYHO RQ between Candida albicans and Pseudomonas the physical properties and sensory acceptability of aeruginosa using RNAseq SRVWHU . Bioinformatics: pork loins SRVWHU rd International Congress of Meat From Algorithms to Applications Conference. St. 3HWHUVEXUJ5XVVLD$XJXVW Science and Technology. Cork, Ireland. 13-18 August. Gomez-Arias, A, Castillo, J, Welman-Purchase, M, Kühn, Z, Roodt, E, Strydom, P, Hugo, C, Bothma, C,

Maleke, MM, and Van Heerden, E. 2017. Novel strategy and Hugo, A. 2017. (௺HFW RI EULQH injection on the to concentrate rare earth elements by neutralization chemical, microbial, physical and sensory quality of nd of acid drainage from phosphogypsum stacks using fresh pork SDSHU . 22 Biennial International Congress carbonatites SDSHU  nd Conference on European of the South African Association of Food Science and Rare Earth Resources. Santorini, Greece. 28-31 May 7HFKQRORJ\&DSH7RZQ6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU Gryzenhout, M, Bailey, B, Kloppers, A, Cason, ED, Lau, CMY, Becraft, E, Cason, ED, Borgonie, G, and Tonjock, RK. 2017. Root endophyte communities Kieft, TL, Li, L, Van Heerden, E, Jarett, J, Wokye, GL௺HU EHWZHHQ VRGLF DQG QRQVRGLF VRLOV LQ D FDWHQD T, Stepanauskas, R, and Onstott, TC. 2017. The ecosystem of the Kruger National Park, South Africa uncultivated phylum TA06 SRVWHU  rd 'HHS &DUERQ SDSHU . 7th International Barcode of Life Conference, 2EVHUYDWRU\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 0HHWLQJ (GLQEXUJK .UXJHU1DWLRQDO3DUN6RXWK$IULFD1RYHPEHU Scotland. 23-25 March.

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134 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Erice Course on Integrative Structural Biology. Erice, SDSHU  th International Congress on Cactus Pear Italy. 2-11 June. and Cochineal, and the General Meeting of the FAO- ICARDA International Cooperation Network on Cactus Tonjock, RK, Cason, E, and Gryzenhout, M. 2017. 3HDUDQGFRFKLQHDO &$&7861(7 &RTXLPER&KLOH Seed mycobiomes of six sorghum varieties using Next 23-30 March. Generation Sequencing SRVWHU st Congress of the Association for the Taxonomic Study of the Flora of ;D]HOD 10 +XJR $ DQG 0XFKHQMH 9  7URSLFDO$IULFD1DLUREL.HQ\D0D\ Physico-chemical characteristics of meat purchased IURPGL௺HUHQWSXUFKDVHSRLQWV SRVWHU . 50th Congress Tonjock RK, Cason, ED, and Gryzenhout, M. 2017. of the South African Society of Animal Science. Port &RPSDULVRQV RI WKH P\FRELRPH RI ¿YH XQGHUXWLOL]HG (OL]DEHWK6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU crop species in an intercropping system using Next Generation Sequencing SDSHU . 7th International STAFF Barcode of Life Conference. Kruger National Park, Professors: 3URIV 0 6PLW $FDGHPLF +HDG RI 6RXWK$IULFD1RYHPEHU 'HSDUWPHQW  - $OEHUW\Q 5 %UDJJ 6 .LOLDQ ( YDQ Van der Westhuizen, WA, Theron, CW, Boucher, CE, +HHUGHQ%9LOMRHQ*2VWKRႇDQG&3RKO$OEHUW\Q and Bragg, RR. 2017. Immunogenicity evaluation of Associate Professors: Profs A Hugo and C Hugo. full-length and truncated transmembrane virulence protein Iss from avian pathogenic Escherichia coli $ႈOLDWH3URIHVVRUProf M de Flaun. (APEC) SRVWHU .,QWHUQDWLRQDO8QLRQRI0LFURELRORJLFDO $ႈOLDWH$VVRFLDWH3URIHVVRU Prof B Lodolo. Societies Congress. Singapore, Singapore. 17-21 July. Senior Lecturers: Drs F O’Neill, T O’Neill, D Opperman, Van der Westhuizen, WA, Theron, CW, Boucher, CE, 0GH:LW.0\EXUJKDQG26HERODL and Bragg, RR. 2017. Immunogenicity evaluation of full- length and truncated transmembrane virulence protein Lecturers: Drs C Bothma and C Boucher. Iss from avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) Junior Lecturers: L Steyn. SDSHU . 20th World Veterinary Poultry Association Senior Researchers: Dr G Kemp. &RQJUHVV(GLQEXUJK6FRWODQG6HSWHPEHU Research Associates: Prof D Litthauer, Prof JC du Van Niekerk, J, Bragg, RR, and Boucher, CE. 2017. Preez, and Dr R Ells. Development of serological and molecular techniques for diagnosis of Beak and Feather disease virus Secretaries: OK Tshotetsi and I Auld. SRVWHU . 20th World Veterinary Poultry Association 6HQLRU2ႈFHUVProfessional Services: S Marais and &RQJUHVV(GLQEXUJK6FRWODQG6HSWHPEHU 10$JHQEDJ 9DQ:\QJDDUG/6WU\GRP33RKO$OEHUW\Q&9DQ 2ႈFHUV 3URIHVVLRQDO 6HUYLFHV Y Makaum, C van Heerden, I, Kanengoni, A, and Hugo, A. 2017. (௺HFW Rooyen, D van den Berg, A van Wyk, and E Roodt. of dietary Echium oil supplementation on pork quality SRVWHU  nd Biennial International Congress of 2ႈFHUA van der Westhuizen. the South African Association of Food Science and 6HQLRU2ႈFHU C Badenhorst. 7HFKQRORJ\&DSH7RZQ6RXWK$IULFD6HSWHPEHU 6HQLRU$VVLVWDQW 2ႈFHUV E van den Heever and M Venter, SL, Fouché, HJ, De Wit, M, Mavengahama, S, Kearney. Coetzer, GM, Swart, WJ, and Amonsou, E. 2017. The H௺HFWRIIRVWHULQJSDUWQHUVKLSVRQEURDGHQLQJWKHIRRG Storeman: M Mogopodi. base: the role of cactus pear, an underutilised crop Technical Help: / 0D]ZL $ 0RNZDTD 7 0NROROR 6 with unlimited potential, the South African perspective Senokoane, S Isaac, P Mereko, J Mvula, and VJ Lamle.

135 DEPARTMENT OF Physics %ORHPIRQWHLQDQG4ZDTZD&DPSXVHV

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV 3URI--7HUEODQV Department of Physics (Bloemfontein Campus) Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 2321 Fax: +27 51 401 3507 (PDLOWHUEODQVMM#XIVDF]D Website: www.ufs.ac.za 'U.*7VKDEDODOD Department of Physics (Qwaqwa Campus) Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences 3%DJ[_3KXWKDGLWMKDED_6RXWK$IULFD 7HO +27 58 718 5302 &HOO +27 84 695 9526 (PDLOWVKDEDODODNJ#XIVDF]D Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview 7KH'HSDUWPHQWRI3K\VLFVLVLQWHUQDWLRQDOO\UHFRJQLVHGDVRQHRIWKHOHDGLQJ 3K\VLFV GHSDUWPHQWV LQ DVWURSK\VLFV SKRVSKRU DQG VROLGVWDWH UHVHDUFK :H KRVW D YHU\ ZHOOHTXLSSHG QDQRVXUIDFH FKDUDFWHULVDWLRQ ODERUDWRU\ ZLWK VWDWHRIWKHDUW UHVHDUFK LQIUDVWUXFWXUH  DQ REVHUYDWRU\ %R\GHQ  ZLWK D  P WHOHVFRSH DQG WKH 1DYDO +LOO 3ODQHWDULXP 2XU LQWHUQDWLRQDO FROODERUDWRUV LQFOXGH WKH 86$ (XURSH ,QGLD DQG &KLQD 7KH 8)6 DZDUGHG DQ KRQRUDU\ GRFWRUDWH WR 3URI 3DXO +ROORZD\ IURP WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI )ORULGD86$²DYHU\ LQÁXHQWLDOLQWHUQDWLRQDOFROODERUDWRUIRURYHU\HDUV 2XUPDLQUHVHDUFKDUHDVDUHDVWURSK\VLFVSKRVSKRUPDWHULDOVDQGVROLGVWDWH SK\VLFV GLIIXVLRQ VHJUHJDWLRQ WKLQ ÀOPV DQG WKHDWULFDO FDOFXODWLRQV  ZLWK FKDOOHQJLQJ DQG ZHOOEDODQFHG XQGHUJUDGXDWH DQG JUDGXDWH SURJUDPPHV WKDWTXDOLÀHVKLJKTXDOLW\DQGVRXJKWDIWHUVWXGHQWV0RVWRIRXUVWDIIPHPEHUV DUHDOVRLQYROYHGZLWKWKH%R\GHQ6FLHQFH&HQWUHDQG1DYDO+LOO3ODQHWDULXP ZKLFKDFWLYHO\HQJDJHZLWKORFDOSURYLQFLDODQGQDWLRQDOFRPPXQLWLHV

Prof Paul Holloway after receiving his honorary doctorate, with Profs Swart and Terblans, and Drs Puseletso Mokoena, Jacques Maritz, and Xin Lang Yan

ACHIEVEMENTS (+++DVDOEHOGDLPWKHEHVW06FSXEOLFDWLRQLQ6ROLG 6WDWH3K\VLFV 6XSHUYLVRU3URI201WZDHDERUZDDQG 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV 3URI+&6ZDUW DW6$,3 SJ Motloung successfully completed his PhD degree ( /HH  WKH EHVW VWXGHQWSRVWGRFWRUDO RUDO SUL]H XQGHU WKH VXSHUYLVLRQ RI 3URI 20 1WZDHDERUZD DQG 6XSHUYLVRUV3URI--7HUEODQVDQG3URI+&6ZDUW DW 'U.*7VKDEDODOD the International Photonics Conference at Amanzi. Prof Swart received the Radio Rosestad Rose award $.XPDUWKHUXQQHUXSVWXGHQWSRVWGRFWRUDORUDOSUL]H for research and student training. 6XSHUYLVRUV3URI--7HUEODQVDQG3URI+&6ZDUW DW 6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV the International Photonics Conference at Amanzi. Our postgraduate students once again performed 7 3DWKDN  WKH EHVW SRVWGRFWRUDO SRVWHU SUL]H VXSHUEO\DWWKH$QQXDO&RQIHUHQFHRIWKH6RXWK$IULFDQ 6XSHUYLVRUV 3URI 5( .URRQ DQG 3URI +& 6ZDUW  DW Institute of Physics and the International Photonics the International Photonics Conference at Amanzi. conference where they won several prizes. The = 7VKDEDODOD  WKH VHFRQG UXQQHUXS VWXGHQW SRVWHU winners were: SUL]H 6XSHUYLVRUV3URI'0RWDXQJDQG3URI+&6ZDUW  at the International Photonics Conference at Amanzi. Bloemfontein Campus: 1- 6KLYDUDPX  WKH EHVW SRVWHU SUL]H 6XSHUYLVRUV 6 0LVKUD  WKH EHVW 3K' SXEOLFDWLRQ LQ 6ROLG 6WDWH 3URI(&RHWVHH+XJRDQG3URI+&6ZDUW DWWKHQG 3K\VLFV 6XSHUYLVRUV3URI+&6ZDUWDQG$7LZDUL DW International Conference on Condensed Matter and SAIP 2017. Applied Physics, Bikaner, India. 730RNRHQDWKHEHVW3K'SRVWHULQ6HPLFRQGXFWRU $FWLYLWLHV 3K\VLFV 6XSHUYLVRUV3URI201WZDHDERUZDDQG3URI +&6ZDUW DW6$,3 This was another very successful year for our Advanced

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138 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Profs HC Swart, JJ Terblans, and two MSc students, E Lee and L Erasmus, attended the 9th International Conference on Advanced Materials, ROCAM 2017, in Dr LF Koao, Prof Oscar L Malta (Chairman of ICL 2017), Bucharest, Romania, from 11 to 14 July 2017. Prof Swart Mantwa Lephoto (PhD student). and Dr KG Tshabalala gave an invited talk and the others presented their work at the conference. They visited the labs of Prof V Craciun in y7KH$PHULFDQ0XVHXPRI1DWXUDO+LVWRU\ $01+  the Laser Department at the National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics in Magurele, Bucharest, in kind ZKHUHWKH\SUHSDUHGWKLQ¿OPVZLWKSXOVHGODVHUGHSRVLWLRQ y(XURSHDQ6RXWKHUQ2EVHUYDWRU\ (62 LQNLQG yThe Charl van der Merwe Foundation yThe Free State Department of Economic 'HYHORSPHQW 7RXULVP (QYLURQPHQWDO$ႇDLUV DQG 6PDOO%XVLQHVV '(67($ LQNLQG yThe Hermann Ohlthaver Trust yThe International Performing Arts Trust y7KH2ႈFHRI$VWURQRP\IRU'HYHORSPHQW 2$' y7KH0DQJDXQJ0HWURSROLWDQ0XQLFLSDOLW\ 000 LQ kind Profs Swart and Wang (chairperson of conference) with Xin-Liang Yan, PhD student in the Department of Physics, y0DQ\ YROXQWHHUV ZKR FRQWULEXWHG WKHLU WLPH DQG at the 2017 National Conference on Surface Science and Technology, 10-13 August 2017, Shantou University, expertise Shantou, China. Prof Swart gave a plenary talk, while Xin- Liang presented a poster. Prof Wang was a postdoc in the 7KH7ZR2EVHUYDWRULHV3URMHFWDWWKH8QLYHUVLW\RIWKH Department of Physics during 1996/7 )UHH6WDWH 8)6 DUH  7KH %R\GHQ 2EVHUYDWRU\ DSSUR[LPDWHO\  NP IROORZXS REVHUYDWLRQV RI KLJKHQHUJ\ VRXUFHV 7KH IURP%ORHPIRQWHLQ DQG mirror of the UFS-Boyden 1,5 m telescope was re- aluminised at the SAAO, Sutherland. The new coating  7KH ROG /DPRQW+XVVH\ 2EVHUYDWRU\ RQ 1DYDO of aluminium resulted in a dramatic increase in the +LOOLQWKHFHQWUHRI%ORHPIRQWHLQZKLFKKDVEHHQ RSWLFDO UHÀHFWLYLW\ DQG SHUIRUPDQFH RI WKH WHOHVFRSH converted into the Naval Hill Planetarium. The UFS Astrophysics Research Group is currently 7KHUHLVDJUHDWV\QHUJ\EHWZHHQWKHWZRIDFLOLWLHVZLWK LQWKH¿QDOVWDJHVRIQHJRWLDWLRQZLWKWKH$SSDODFKLDQ WKHSODQHWDULXPRIWHQWKH¿UVWSRLQWRIFRQWDFWIRUOHDUQHUV State University to install a sophisticated spectrograph DQGWKHJHQHUDOSXEOLFZKHUHDV%R\GHQ2EVHUYDWRU\ RQWKH8)6%R\GHQPWHOHVFRSH7KLVZLOOEHDYHU\ is often used for intensive and focused workshops. VLJQL¿FDQWDGGLWLRQWRWKHREVHUYDWLRQDOFDSDELOLWLHVRI Furthermore, Boyden hosts an astronomy museum and WKH8)6%R\GHQ2EVHUYDWRU\ RႇHUVµUHDOVN\¶DQGµWHOHVFRSH¶H[SHULHQFHVZKLFKOHQG depth to what people experience at the planetarium. RESEARCH 7RJHWKHUWKHREVHUYDWRULHVIRVWHUHGXFDWLRQVFLHQFH &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH communication, and the development of eco and astro-tourism in central South Africa. The Two Observatories Project Collaboration with IZIKO Planetarium 7KH 7ZR 2EVHUYDWRULHV 3URMHFW LV VXSSRUWHG E\ D QXPEHU RI OR\DO IXQGHUV 'XULQJ  FRQWULEXWLRQV The Iziko Planetarium in Cape Town was upgraded were received from: WR6RXWK$IULFD¶VVHFRQGGLJLWDOSODQHWDULXP DIWHUWKH

139 DQLPSRUWDQWFRQWULEXWLRQWRWZRWRZQVKLSVFKRROV'U Blok and Petunia. The module teaches students the EDVLFV RI &RPPXQLW\ 6HUYLFH /HDUQLQJ LQFOXGLQJ cultural competence and pedagogy. The participating schools received assistance with Science classes from Grades 10 to 12. Five classes of 60 learners each visited the Boyden Science Centre where three UFS students taught them in groups. In 2017, 11 UFS students successfully completed the module. A special Adventure Camp for 68 high achievers in 0DWKV DQG 6FLHQFH IURP  GLႇHUHQW VFKRROV ZDV KHOG DW %R\GHQ 2EVHUYDWRU\ RQ  -XQH  7KH MSc graduates, Mr IP van der Westhuizen (left) and M programme included Chemistry and Astronomy Nyamai (right) with their supervisors, Dr Van Soelen and Prof Meintjes OHFWXUHV E\ 3URI 3HWHU 'XQE\ IURP WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI Cape Town, and Prof Jan Smit from the North-West 1DYDO+LOO3ODQHWDULXP RႈFLDOO\RSHQLQJLWVGRRUVIRU 8QLYHUVLW\ 7KH OHDUQHUV DOVR REVHUYHG WKURXJK WKH WKHSXEOLFRQ0D\6LQFHZHDUHERWKXVLQJ Boyden telescopes. Sky-Skan projection systems, we exchanged technical 0DQ\VFKRROVYLVLWHGWKH%R\GHQ2EVHUYDWRU\GXULQJ H[SHUWLVHEHWZHHQWKHWZRSODQHWDULXPV±WDSSLQJLQWR 2017. Because presentations address curriculum WKH FRQVLGHUDEOH EHQH¿WV IURP ZRUNLQJ WRJHWKHU E\ content, teachers are eager to expose learners to the sharing planetarium content and maintenance visits. OHVVRQV DQG H[SHULHQFHV RႇHUHG DW WKH SODQHWDULXP The UFS Rector and Vice-Chancellor, Prof Francis DQGWKH%R\GHQ2EVHUYDWRU\7KHUHDOVN\DW%R\GHQ Petersen, convened a special planetarium meeting with reinforces the digital representations which children representatives from Iziko, universities in the Western experience in the planetarium. Children who visit &DSHLQYROYHGZLWKWKH,]LNRSODQHWDULXP 8QLYHUVLW\RI Bloemfontein from the rural areas typically include the &DSH7RZQ8QLYHUVLW\RIWKH:HVWHUQ&DSH DQGWKH National Museum and the Zoo in their itinerary. Almost 8)67KHPHHWLQJZKLFKWRRNSODFHRQ6HSWHPEHU DOOVFKRROWULSVDUHWRVRPHGHJUHHVXEVLGLVHGE\WKH 2017, resolved to leverage opportunities for funding projects to maximize access and encourage visitors. DQGUHVHDUFKWKDWZLOOEHQH¿WERWKSODQHWDULXPV &KLOGUHQ RIWHQ IROORZ XS VFKRRO YLVLWV E\ DWWHQGLQJ The Centre for Earth and Space planetarium shows with their families. The hall for environmental education at the Centre Museum (Heritage) Project for Earth and Space, adjacent to the planetarium, is 7KH%R\GHQ0XVHXPQRZERDVWVWKUHHORYLQJO\FXUDWHG the second major component of the centre and was H[KLELWV7KHIRXUWKH[KLELWµ*ODVV8QLYHUVH¶LVXQGHU completed in January 2017. During 2017, we set FRQVWUXFWLRQ7KHGLVSOD\ZLOOFRQVLVWRIYDOXDEOHJODVV RSHUDWLRQSURWRFROVLQSODFHLQFOXGLQJHYHQWWLPHWDEOHV SODWHV UHFRUGLQJ WKH REVHUYDWLRQV PDGH DW %R\GHQ DQG PDNLQJ WKH YHQXH VXLWDEOH IRU FRQIHUHQFHV DQG 2EVHUYDWRU\DQGZLOORSHQLQ other events. An important development was the Heritage Day 7ZRRႈFLDOVIURPWKH'HSDUWPHQWRI(QYLURQPHQWWKDW SUHVHQWDWLRQ DW WKH SODQHWDULXP RQ  6HSWHPEHU falls under provincial government, are permanently communicating information on the astronomical VWDWLRQHG LQ RႈFHV DW WKH KDOO 7KH\ RUJDQLVH DQG REVHUYDWLRQVDQGWKHVWDUORUHRIWKH%DVRWKRSHRSOH coordinate school visits as well as other environment- Postgraduate Students UHODWHGDFWLYLWLHVVXFKDVFRPPXQLW\SURMHFWVRQ$UERXU Day. The following students obtained PhD and MSc degrees: School education activities An honorary doctorate was awarded to Prof Paul Holloway. Science communication and education are at the FRUHRIWKHSURMHFW2QJRLQJSXEOLFSURJUDPPHVDQG Bloemfontein Campus: activities take place throughout the year, and several PhD: SXEOLFOHFWXUHVZHUHSUHVHQWHG7KHOHFWXUHVDUHYHU\ ZHOO DWWHQGHG E\ WKH UHFHSWLYH DQG NQRZOHGJHDEOH 'U-DFTXH0DULW] %ORHPIRQWHLQ SXEOLF 9ROXQWHHUV IURP WKH )ULHQGV RI Dr Puseletso Mokoena Boyden and the Naval Hill Planetarium assist with Dr Cornelia van der Walt ORJLVWLFV RI WKH KLJKLPSDFW SXEOLF HYHQWV ZKLFK DUH 'U;LQ/LDQJ

140 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 M Mokoena XVLQJ WKH 9+( ȖUD\ VSHFWUD RI +(66 EOD]DUV M Nyamai Astronomy and Astrophysics $  $   I van der Westhuizen $EGDOOD+0HLQWMHV3-9DQ6RHOHQ%HWDO Qwaqwa Campus: 7H9JDPPDUD\REVHUYDWLRQVRIWKHELQDU\QHXWURQVWDU merger GW170817 with H.E.S.S. The Astrophysical PhD Journal Letters /  /   Dr SZ Werta Ahemen, I, Dejene, FB, Kroon, RE, and Swart, HC. Dr ET Seid  (ႇHFW RI HXURSLXP LRQ FRQFHQWUDWLRQ RQ WKH 'U00XVHPEL structural and photoluminescence properties of novel 3+ Dr MA Lephoto Li2BaZrO4: Eu nanocrystals. Optical Materials 74:58-66. Dr J Ungula Ahemen, I, and Dejene, FB. 2017. Luminescence Dr M Hussen and energy transfer mechanism in Eu3+7E3+ -co- doped ZrO nanocrystal rods. Journal of Nanoparticle 'U$* +DEWH 2 Research      Dr HT Haile Dr P Korir Ahemen, I, and Dejene, FB. 2017. Photophysical and energy transfer processes in Ce3+ co-doped ZrO :Eu3+ Dr D Hile 2 nanorods. Applied Physics A      Dr TD Malevu Alexander, OT, Duvenhage, MM, Brink, A, Swart, HC, Dr SJ Motloung Muller, P, Kroon, RE, and Visser, HG. 2017. Synthesis, MSc structures and luminescence properties of two gallium ,,,  FRPSOH[HV ZLWK GLPHWK\OK\GUR[\TXLQROLQH S Kiprotish Journal of Coordination Chemistry    RESEARCH OUTPUTS $YXOD % %DEX 6 .XPDU 9 1WZDHDERUZD 20 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV and Ratnakaram, YC. 2017. Optical properties and VSHFWURVFRSLF VWXG\ RI GLႇHUHQW PRGL¿HU EDVHG $EEDVV$( 6ZDUW +& DQG .URRQ 5(  1RQ Pr3+/L)%JODVVHVDVRSWLFDODPSOL¿HUVSpectrochimica SODVPRQLF HQKDQFHPHQW RI WKH QHDU EDQG HGJH Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy luminescence from ZnO using Ag nanoparticles. 170: 167-173. Journal of Luminescence 182: 263-267. $YXOD % DQG 1WZDHDERUZD 20  6WXG\ RI $EEDVV $( -DQVH YDQ 9XXUHQ $ 6ZDUW +& DQG OXPLQHVFHQWEHKDYLRXUDQGFU\VWDOGHIHFWVRIGLႇHUHQW Kroon, RE. 2017. Distinguishing the nature of silver MNa[PO @'\3+ SKRVSKRUV 0 0J &D 6U DQG %D  incorporated in sol-gel silica. Journal of Non-Crystalline 4 Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 242: 305-317. Solids 475: 71-75. Avula, A, Swart, HC, Ramaraghavulu, R, Bedyal, AK, $EERWW%36]HJHGL+0HLQWMHV3-9DQ6RHOHQ% .URRQ 5( DQG 1WZDHDERUZD 20  6WUXFWXUDO HWDO0XOWLPHVVHQJHUREVHUYDWLRQVRIDELQDU\ HYROXWLRQ LQGXFHG E\ VXEVWLWXWLRQ RI GHVLJQDWHG neutron star merger. The Astrophysical Journal Letters -2 PRO\EGDWHVLWHV 0R24 ZLWKGLႇHUHQWDQLRQLFJURXSV /  /   -3 -3 -2 3+ %23 , PO4 and SO4 LQ&D0R24:Sm phosphors - A $EGDOOD+0HLQWMHV3-9DQ6RHOHQ%HWDO VWXG\RQFRORUWXQDEOHOXPLQHVFHQWSURSHUWLHV Journal First limits on the very-high energy gamma-ray afterglow of Alloys and Compounds 727: 224-237. HPLVVLRQRIDIDVWUDGLREXUVW±+(66REVHUYDWLRQV Bakiyaraj, G, Gunasekaran, B, Prakash, J, Kalidasan, of FRB 150418. Astronomy and Astrophysics 597: M, Asokan, K, Dhanasekaran, R, and Ramamurthi, $  $   K. 2017. Improvement of opto-electro-structural $EGDOOD+0HLQWMHV3-9DQ6RHOHQ%HWDO SURSHUWLHVRIQDQRFU\VWDOOLQH&G6WKLQ¿OPVLQGXFHGE\ &KDUDFWHUL]LQJ WKH ȖUD\ ORQJWHUP YDULDELOLW\ RI 3.6 Au9+ ion irradiation. Thin Solid Films 626: 117-125. 2155-304 with H.E.S.S. and Fermi–LAT. Astronomy %DQNROH 07$EGXONDUHHP$6 7LMDQL -2 2FKLJER and Astrophysics $  $   66$IRODEL$6DQG5RRV:'&KHPLFDOR[\JHQ $EGDOOD+0HLQWMHV3-9DQ6RHOHQ%HWDO GHPDQG UHPRYDO IURP HOHFWURSODWLQJ ZDVWHZDWHU E\ *DPPDUD\ EOD]DU VSHFWUD ZLWK +(66 ,, PRQR SXUL¿HGDQGSRO\PHUIXQFWLRQDOL]HGFDUERQQDQRWXEHV analysis: The case of PKS 2155-304 and PG 1553+113. DGVRUEHQWVWater Resources and Industry 18:33-50. Astronomy and Astrophysics $  $   %HDOO-+'RVH'9/LQG.:ROႇ079DQ6RHOHQ% $EGDOOD+0HLQWMHV3-9DQ6RHOHQ%HWDO Van der Westhuizen, IP, and Meintjes, PJ. 2017. Large 0HDVXUHPHQWRIWKH(%/VSHFWUDOHQHUJ\GLVWULEXWLRQ scale simulations of astrophysical jets. Proceedings of

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153 DEPARTMENT OF Zoology and Entomology %ORHPIRQWHLQDQG4ZDTZD&DPSXVHV

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Zoology and Entomology University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 3244 Fax: +27 51 401 9950 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview 2XU GHSDUWPHQW IRFXVHV RQ D YDULHW\ RI UHVHDUFK DVSHFWV LQ WKH WZR PDLQ VXEMHFWÀ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

ACHIEVEMENTS 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV 3URI $OL]D OH 5RX[ ZRQ ¿UVW SUL]H IRU UHVHDUFK LQ Jiri Kral and Franticek Stahlavsky of Charles University Teaching and Learning at the annual Teaching and on the karyology of various arachnid orders. As part of /HDUQLQJ$ZDUGVFHUHPRQ\LQ4ZDTZD WKLVYLVLW¿HOGZRUNZDVXQGHUWDNHQLQYDULRXVSDUWVRI South Africa to generate material for his PhD study, 'U 0 1GORYX ZDV DSSRLQWHG DV SDQHO PHPEHU IRU with regular participation of Jan-Andries Neethling VHYHUDO 1DWLRQDO 5HVHDUFK )RXQGDWLRQ 15)  JUDQW from the National Museum in Bloemfontein. At the end applications. of March, Drs Haddad, Stahlavsky, Pavel Just, UFS 6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV honours student Ruan Booysen, and several additional Two students received Zoological Society of Southern ORFDODQGLQWHUQDWLRQDOUHVHDUFKHUVIURPWKH86$ 'U $IULFDVWXGHQWDZDUGVIRUWKHEHVWVWXGHQWVLQ=RRORJ\ 9HUD 2SDWRYD  DQG *HUPDQ\ 3URI -XWWD 6FKQHLGHU .D\OHH 1DQFDUURZ IRU WKH EHVW WKLUG\HDU =RRORJ\ DQG'U-DVPLQ5XFK XQGHUWRRNDWZRZHHN¿HOGWULS student, aQG.OLQHWWH6XWKHUODQGIRUWKHEHVW=RRORJ\ to northern KwaZulu-Natal. Besides molecular work on honours student. Liezl Whitehead received the award arachnids, material was also collected for research on DV EHVW KRQRXUV VWXGHQW IURP WKH (QWRPRORJLFDO termitophagous and myrmecophagous spiders, and Society of Southern Africa. JROGHQRUEZHEVSLGHUV Several of our students won prizes at the 12th Aquatic ecology &ROORTXLXP RI WKH $IULFDQ $UDFKQRORJLFDO 6RFLHW\ During the autumn recess, our third-year Zoology $)5$6 KHOGDW*RXGLQL6SDDQG5HVRUWLQ-DQXDU\ students went on an Ecology excursion to the China-  7KH EHVW VWXGHQW SRVWHU DZDUG ZDV ZRQ E\ South Africa Agricultural Technology Demonstration Gary Edwards, with Liezl Whitehead the runner-up. &HQWUH $7'&  DW *DULHS 'DP 'XULQJ WKDW ZHHN 5XDQ%RR\VHQZRQWKHSUL]HIRUWKHEHVWQRQVSLGHU VWXGHQWV ZHUH H[SRVHG WR GLႇHUHQW ZD\V RI ¿VK arachnid photograph in the photographic competition. collection with the assistance of Dr Leon Barkhuizen. Pieter Swanepoel and Katlego Mogorosi, former $FWLYLWLHV VWXGHQWVIURPRXUGHSDUWPHQWFXUUHQWO\HPSOR\HG E\ Arachnology the Free State Department of Agriculture and Rural During January 2017, Dr Charles Haddad co-hosted Development, participated and presented lectures. WKH WK &ROORTXLXP RI WKH $IULFDQ $UDFKQRORJLFDO They also presented practical activities to the students 6RFLHW\ $)5$6 WRJHWKHUZLWKWKH$UDFKQRORJ\JURXS LQVLGHWKH¿VKHU\IDFLOLWLHV of the Biosystematics Division, ARC – Plant Protection We were very fortunate that Nellie Ndumo, Dries Research in Pretoria. This was the largest AFRAS Visser, David Malan, Gert Isaks, and Msayi Simlindile FROORTXLXPKHOSWRGDWHZLWKGHOHJDWHVDQGDIXUWKHU IURPWKH'HSDUWPHQWRI:DWHUDQG6DQLWDWLRQ 1DWLRQDO ¿YHDFFRPSDQ\LQJSHUVRQVDWWHQGLQJ :DWHU5HVRXUFH,QIUDVWUXFWXUH DJUHHGWRDFFRPSDQ\ )ROORZLQJ WKH FROORTXLXP 'U +DGGDG KRVWHG 3K' us during visits into the dam wall, to the hydropower candidate Pavel Just from Charles University in station, and to the inlet tunnel at Oviston. They also 3UDJXH&]HFK5HSXEOLFIRUWKUHHPRQWKVWRFRQGXFW presented lectures and information sessions to the research on the karyology and genetic diversity of students. geogarypid pseudoscorpions. This formed part of The trip included zooplankton collections and FROODERUDWLYH UHVHDUFK EHWZHHQ 'U +DGGDG DQG 'UV PHDVXUHPHQWVRIGLႇHUHQWZDWHUTXDOLW\SDUDPHWHUVRI

155 WKHULYHUDQG¿VKHU\GDPV$ODERUDWRU\DQGZRUNLQJ DUHD ZHUH VHW XS DW WKH ¿VKHULHV IDFLOLW\ ZKHUH GDWD analyses were conducted. At the end of the week all the topics were presented in the form of posters and PowerPoint presentations.

Zoology and Entomology Honours students on the rocky shores of the De Hoop Nature Reserve during the annual Honours excursion that forms part of the Honours Biodiversity module

Nematology Third-year Zoology students setting fyke nets in the Gariep 7ZR¿HOGWULSVWRWKH:LOOHP3UHWRULXVDQG6RHWGRULQJ Dam under the watchful eye of their instructor, Dr Leon 1DWXUH5HVHUYHVZHUHXQGHUWDNHQLQ0D\DQG2FWREHU Barkhuizen from the Free State Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, as part of their practical work 2017 for MSc students’ research projects. during the Ecology excursion

Dr Johann and Michelle van As, lecturers from the Qwaqwa Campus during the 3rd International Congress on Parasites 7KLUG\HDU=RRORJ\VWXGHQWV¿QDOLVLQJWKHLUSRVWHU of Wildlife (ICPOW), hosted by the Parasitological Society presentations in the laboratory at the China-South Africa of Southern Africa (PARSA) at the Kruger National Park, Agricultural Technology Demonstration Centre at the Gariep South Africa Dam, as part of their practical work during the Ecology excursion Dr Johann and Michelle van As, lecturers from the 4ZDTZD&DPSXVGXULQJWKHrd International Congress RQ 3DUDVLWHV RI :LOGOLIH ,&32:  KRVWHG E\ WKH 3DUDVLWRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD 3$56$ DW the Kruger National Park, South Africa. RESEARCH Applied Agricultural Entomology – De Villiers Fourie 'H9LOOLHUV)RXULHFRQWLQXHVFROODERUDWLYHZRUNZLWKWKH Stink Bug Research Group and Nelspruit ARC. The group is involved in the management of the sucking EXJ FRPSOH[ RQ VXEWURSLFDO IUXLW DQG QXWV LQ 6RXWK Third-year Zoology students during the Ecology excursion. The students were taken through the Gariep Dam wall and Africa, including avocado, macadamia nuts, mangoes, on a visit to the hydropower facility at the dam and litchis.

,Q 2FWREHU WKH +RQRXUV FODVV (QWRPRORJ\ DQG $ FRPSUHKHQVLYH VWXG\ LV EHLQJ GRQH RQ SRVVLEOH =RRORJ\ VSHQWDZHHNDWWKH'H+RRS1DWXUH5HVHUYH pyrethroid resistance developing in the two-spotted ZKHUHWKH\ZHUHH[SRVHGWRGLႇHUHQWDFWLYLWLHVLQWKH VWLQN EXJ RQ PDFDGDPLD LQ WKH 1HOVSUXLW UHJLRQ intertidal area and the reserve. Students also took part 7KH DLP RI WKLV VWXG\ LV WR H[DPLQH LQ FROODERUDWLRQ in academic discussion sessions, confronting them with the Stink Bug Working Group, whether multi- ZLWKFXUUHQWVFLHQWL¿FFKDOOHQJHV generational genetic resistance is developing towards

156 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 synthetic pyrethroids, and aid in the development and Nematology - Dr Candice Jansen van Rensburg HVWDEOLVKPHQWRIDVXVWDLQDEOHUHVLVWDQFHPDQDJHPHQW Currently, research in this group is focused on plant- programme to assist growers in the future. The study parasitic and free-living freshwater nematodes is ongoing. occurring in nature reserves in the Free State. Free- )XQGLQJ ZDV REWDLQHG IRU WKH FRQWLQXDWLRQ RI D OLYLQJ DTXDWLF QHPDWRGHV DUH VWXGLHG DW WKH :LOOHP FROODERUDWLYH VWXG\ DSSO\LQJ ERWK HQWRPRORJ\ DQG Pretorius and Soetdoring Nature Reserves in the Free plant pathology disciplines. The study investigates 6WDWH1HPDWRGHVDUHDOVRLGHQWL¿HGIURPVRLOVDPSOHV the vector potential of various avocado pests and FROOHFWHG LQ WKH 2NDYDQJR 'HOWD IRU SXEOLFDWLRQ furthermore investigates the pathogen potential of purposes. The study group hopes to increase the current various fungi pathogens. The study commenced end knowledge on freshwater nematodes, especially from RIDQGLVEHLQJFRQGXFWHGLQWKH1HOVSUXLWUHJLRQ wetland ecosystems and nature reserves. of South Africa. Tick Research Unit - EMSP van Dalen Aquatic ecology - Prof Linda Basson and Prof Liesl van As Research include evaluation of results from tick collections sent in from various areas in South Africa 2XUJURXSZDVEXV\ZLWKDPDMRUUHVHDUFKSURMHFWLQ and tested for the presence of tick resistance against the Okavango Delta for two decades, resulting in 13 WKH FRPPHUFLDOO\ DYDLODEOH DFDULFLGHV LQ RUGHU WR 06F DQG ¿YH 3K' VWXGHQWV FRPSOHWLQJ WKHLU VWXGLHV WR GDWH DV ZHOO DV QXPHURXV SXEOLVKHG DUWLFOHV DQG monitor the spread of tick resistance over time. FRQIHUHQFH FRQWULEXWLRQV &XUUHQWO\ ZH DUH IROORZLQJ 7KH LQYDVLRQ RI WKH $VLDWLF EOXH WLFN (Rhipicephalus up on selected topics. During the 2017 surveys we microplus RQDFRPPHUFLDOIDUPQHDU*UDKDPVWRZQ focused on collections in the Constructed Treatment in the Eastern Cape was investigated, as well as the :HWODQG DQG FROOHFWHG D QXPEHU RI ¿VKSDUDVLWH presence of the pathogen Babesia bovis, transmitted species for molecular analysis. E\WKLVWLFNVSHFLHVWRFDXVH$VLDWLFUHGZDWHULQFDWWOH Etho-ecology - Hennie Butler The development of a testing system to determine The etho-ecology study group focuses on various WKH HႈFDF\ DQG SRVVLEOH GHYHORSPHQW RI EOXHWLFN DVSHFWV RI DQLPDO EHKDYLRXU LQ WKHLU QDWXUDO UHVLVWDQFHDJDLQVW0DFURF\FOLFODFWRQHVDQLQMHFWDEOH environment. Many of these studies are focused on remedy for tick control, was investigated. SUREOHPVROYLQJ ZLWK UHJDUG WR ZKHWKHU DQLPDOV DUH &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH LQÀXHQFHG E\ PDQ RU FDXVH GDPDJH WR KXPDQNLQG :H DOVR LQLWLDWHG UHVHDUFK RQ WKH ELRGLYHUVLW\ RI WKH Etho-ecology – Hennie Butler Grassveld Biome and launched a project focusing on Hennie Butler accompanied and presented talks to the WKHHႇHFWRIGHKRUQLQJRQWKHEHKDYLRXURIUKLQRFHURV (FR;&OXERI%ORHPIRQWHLQLQWKHZHVWHUQ)UHH Environmental Entomology and Dipterology - Dr State on two occasions. Vaughn Swart Tick Research Unit – Ellie van Dalen This research group currently has three PhD, two 7KLV XQLW WHVWV EOXHWLFN FROOHFWLRQV IURP FRPPHUFLDO MSc, and two Honours students. Research includes LQVHFWVDVLQGLFDWRUVRIDTXDWLFHFRV\VWHPVLQWHUDQG and communal areas to determine the tick acaricide- intra-species variation within Aedes spp PRVTXLWRV  UHVLVWDQFH SUR¿OHV IRU D VSHFL¿F IDUP RU DUHD DQG WR WKH HႈFDF\ RI SODQW H[WUDFWV DV UHSHOOHQWV RI Lucilla make recommendations for resistance management. spp.PDQDJHPHQWRIIUXLWÀLHVRQWDEOHJUDSes in the $UWLFOHVZHUHSXEOLVKHGLQWKH-DQXDU\WR0DUFKHGLWLRQV Orange River Valley, and soil macrofauna as indicators. of Veeplaas and Stock Farmer to educate producers 2QJRLQJUHVHDUFKKDVDOVREHHQGRQHRQWKHWD[RQRP\ RQWLFNELRORJ\HFRORJ\DQGUHVLVWDQFHPDQDJHPHQW DQGSK\ORJHQ\RIZRUPOLRQ 'LSWHUD9HUPLOHRQLGDH  Wildlife and Conservation Research – Dr Mdu Ndlovu Herpetology - Prof Neil Heideman and Lindi Heyns 'U1GORYXVHUYHGLQVHYHUDO15)IXQGLQJ HJ&355 Current projects related to postgraduate work: &685 )%,3 6$5&+, DQG 7KXWKXND  DGMXGLFDWLRQ yReproduction, diet, and sexual dimorphism in an SDQHOV DQG ZDV LQYLWHG WR EH SDUW RI WKH WHDP DJDPDDQGODFHUWLGVSHFLHV +RQVSURMHFW  that reviewed the SANParks Kruger National Park yPhylogeography, population genetics, and Management Plan for the period 2018-2028. He was morphology of the tent tortoise complex in South DOVRQRPLQDWHGE\6RXWK$IULFDDQG=LPEDEZHWRVHUYH $IULFD 06FSURMHFW  as their representative expert for the Intergovernmental y+DELWDW XWLOLVDWLRQ DQG UHODWHG HFRORJLFDO DVSHFWV Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem RI D EHUJ DGGHU VSHFLHV RQ WKH 0SXPDODQJD 6HUYLFHV ,3%(6 $IULFDUHJLRQDODVVHVVPHQWVFRSLQJ HVFDUSPHQW 06FSURMHFW  expert in 2017 for 2018.

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158 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 $ %DUQDUG 06F LQWHUGLVFLSOLQDU\ LQ (QWRPRORJ\ DQG cephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus on a farm in the *HQHWLFV Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Supervisor: $(%RWKD 06FLQ=RRORJ\ (063YDQ'DOHQ QHDUFRPSOHWLRQ  =0ER 06FLQ(QWRPRORJ\  Honours: $3YDQ5RR\HQ 06FLQ(QWRPRORJ\  5(:LLG 06FLQ=RRORJ\ Duma, C. Hons year project: Comparison of tick control ((:LLG 06FLQ=RRORJ\ remedies containing pyrethroids on the survival of Blue 60RKODNRDQD 06FLQ=RRORJ\ WLFN ODUYDH Rhipicephalus decoloratus  XVLQJ 6KDZ 0(VWHUKX\VH 06FLQ(QWRPRORJ\ Larval Immersion Test. Supervisor: EMSP van Dalen &GH%HHU 3K'LQ(QWRPRORJ\  FRPSOHWHG  /:KLWHKHDG %6F+RQV(QWRPRORJ\ Herpetology – N Heideman 1$XFDPS %6F+RQV(QWRPRORJ\ 5%RR\VHQ %6F+RQV(QWRPRORJ\ Master’s: &'XPD %6F+RQV=RRORJ\ Mohlakoana, TSG. Dissertation: Taxonomy and 00DVLWKD %6F+RQV=RRORJ\ Aspects of the ecology of the giant legless skink, 00GKODORVH %6F+RQV=RRORJ\ $FRQWLDVSOXPEHXV 5HSWLOOLD6FLQFLGDH  FRPSOHWHG 60RPEHUJ %6F+RQV=RRORJ\ .6XWKHUODQG %6F+RQV=RRORJ\ STAFF MATTERS Arachnology – Dr Charles Haddad Dr Sonja Brink resigned and was appointed in the Department of Genetics. She is still involved with 6LFHOR6HEDWD 3K'FDQGLGDWH +DQQHOHQH%DGHQKRUVW postgraduate students in our department. 3K'FDQGLGDWH =LQJLVLOH0ER 3K'FDQGLGDWH DQG 5XDQ%RR\VHQ %6F+RQV  DOORQJRLQJ  1:0RNKHWKLZDVDSSRLQWHGDV2ႈFHU3URIHVVLRQDO Services and secretary to Prof Linda Basson in August Etho-ecology – Hennie Butler 2017. Two students received their master’s degrees in RESEARCH OUTPUTS Zoology. 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV Roelof Wiid; Population dynamics and management of invasive rock hyraxes, Procavia capensis 3DOODV Barkhuizen, LM, Weyl, OLF, and Van As, JG. 2017. An  LQWKHFHQWUDO)UHH6WDWH6RXWK$IULFD DVVHVVPHQW RI UHFUHDWLRQDO EDQN DQJOLQJ LQ WKH )UHH State Province, South Africa. Water SA 43: 442-449. (OVDEq:LLG$VSHFWVRIJHRSKDJ\DPRQJVWGDLU\FDWWOH in a feedlot system. Busschau, T, Conradie, W, Jordaan, A, and Daniels, SR. 2017. Unmasking evolutionary diversity among Tick Research Unit – Ellie van Dalen two closely related South African legless skink species Master’s: $FRQWLQDH Acontias  XVLQJ PROHFXODU GDWD Zoology 121: 72-82. Esterhuysen, M. Dissertation: Arthropod resistance SUHVHQWHG E\ =HEX Bos indicus  %UDKPDQ EUHHG Ermilov, SG, and Hugo-Coetzee, EA. 2017. New data cattle and their crosses with Bos Taurus cattle in the RQ RULEDWLG PLWHV RI WKH IDPLO\ 6XFWREHOELGDH $FDUL Free State, South Africa. Supervisor: EMSP van Dalen. 2ULEDWLGD  IURP 6RXWK $IULFD ZLWK GHVFULSWLRQ RI D &RVXSHUYLVRU'U6%ULQN FRPSOHWHG  species of the genus Suctobelbella. Biologia 72: 536- 541. Lesenyeho, SK. Dissertation: Resistance of the African EOXH WLFN Rhipicephalus Boophilus  decoloratus  WR Ermilov, SG, Hugo-Coetzee, EA, and Khaustov, AA. Macrocyclic lactones in the Eastern Cape, South Africa 2017. Two new species of the genus Ausoribula $FDUL QHDUFRPSOHWLRQ  2ULEDWLGD2ULEDWXOLGDH DVVRFLDWHGZLWKWHUPLWDULHVRI South Africa. Acarologia 57: 643-650. 0DUDLV $ 'LVVHUWDWLRQ 7KH GLVWULEXWLRQ RI Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis WUDQVPLWWHG E\ Ermilov, SG, Hugo-Coetzee, EA, and Khaustov, AA. Rhipicephalus spp. on a farm in the Eastern Cape. &RQWULEXWLRQWRWKHNQRZOHGJHRIRULEDWLGPLWHVRI 6XSHUYLVRU(063YDQ'DOHQ QHDUFRPSOHWLRQ  WKHIDPLO\/RKPDQQLLGDH $FDUL2ULEDWLGD Systematic and Applied Acarology 22: 666-682. Motolo, TC. Dissertation: The cascading trophic DFFXPXODWLRQRI$OGLFDUELQDFDUULRQHFRV\VWHPWKH +DGGDG&5DQG0ER=$QHZVSHFLHVRIWKH forensic implications. Supervision: Dr SL Brink, Co- endemic South African spider genus Austrachelas 6XSHUYLVRU(063YDQ'DOHQ QHDUFRPSOHWLRQ  $UDQHDH *DOOLHQLHOOLGDH  DQG ¿UVW GHVFULSWLRQ RI WKH male of A. bergi. Zootaxa 4323: 119-124. 3RWWLQJHU 0 'LVVHUWDWLRQ 7KH GLVWULEXWLRQ RI Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus and Rhipi- Hoving, JC, Cutler, AJ, Leeto, M, Horsnell, WGC,

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161 South Africa. July. Mofokeng, TL, Cook, CA, Van As, M, Netherlands, EC, and Van As, J. 2017. The biology of a Haemococcidium -DQVHQYDQ5HQVEXUJ&Nematode survey from parasitizing Pedioplanis burchelli (Sauria: Lacertidae), one of Africa’s last unspoiled wildernesses SDSHU  eastern Free State, South Africa SDSHU  rd 21st 1HPDWRGH 6RFLHW\ RI 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD 166$  International Congress on Parasites of Wildlife symposium, Ballito, South Africa. ,&32:  KRVWHG E\ WKH 3DUDVLWRORJLFDO 6RFLHW\ RI Kay, BJ, Swart, VR, and Van der Watt, E. 2017. 6RXWKHUQ$IULFD 3$56$ .UXJHU1DWLRQDO3DUN6RXWK Evaluation and comparison of plant extracts in Africa. the management of Lucilia spp SDSHU . -RLQW ;,; Ndou, ZL, Swart, VR, Henschel, JR, and Louw, (QWRPRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD (66$ DQG SvdM. 2017. Brown locust outbreaks in the Karoo: th the 37 =RRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD =66$  historic records and a plan to understand the origins Congress, July 2017 at Pretoria University, South of outbreaks SRVWHU -RLQW;,;(QWRPRORJLFDO6RFLHW\ Africa. RI 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD (66$  DQG WKH WK =RRORJLFDO Le Roux, A, and Hansen, M. 2017. Must science 6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD =66$ &RQJUHVV3UHWRULD IDOOIRUDUHDOFRQQHFWLRQ WREHIRUJHGZLWKVRFLHW\" University, South Africa. July. SDSHU 6\PSRVLXPRUJDQLVHUDW=RRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI Nyoka, NW-K, Voua Otomo, P, and Prinsloo, GJ. 2017. 6RXWKHUQ$IULFD =66$ FRQIHUHQFH3UHWRULD $VVHVVLQJWKHH௺HFWVRIELRFKDURQWKHWR[LFLW\RIWKH Le Roux, A, Welch, R, and Renda, S. 2017. The sensory agrochemical imidacloprid on potworms (Enchytraeus albidus  SDSHU   th Annual Meeting Society of world of a large-eared canid SDSHU  ,QWHUQDWLRQDO (QYLURQPHQWDO 7R[LFRORJ\ DQG &KHPLVWU\ (XURSH  0DPPDORJLFDO&RQIHUHQFH ,0& LQ3HUWK$XVWUDOLD Brussels, Belgium. Lesenyeho, SK, and Van Dalen, EMSP. 2017. Pori, T, Ndlovu, M, Markus, M, and Govender, D. 2017. Resistance of the African blue tick (Rhipicephalus Avian Haemoparasite prevalence in Kruger National (Boophilus) decoloratus) to Macrocyclic Lactones in the Park, South Africa SDSHU rd International Congress Eastern Cape, South Africa SDSHU  rd International RQ 3DUDVLWHV RI :LOGOLIH ,&32:  KRVWHG E\ WKH &RQJUHVV RQ 3DUDVLWHV RI :LOGOLIH ,&32:  KRVWHG 3DUDVLWRORJLFDO 6RFLHW\ RI 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD 3$56$  E\ WKH 3DUDVLWRORJLFDO 6RFLHW\ RI 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD Kruger National Park, South Africa. 3$56$ .UXJHU1DWLRQDO3DUN6RXWK$IULFD Pori, T, Ndlovu, M, Govender D, Markus, M, and Louw, SvdM. 2017. Managing change in cropping Pierce, M. 2017. Avian haemoparasite prevalence in system soils requires strategic thinking SDSHU -RLQW Kruger National Park, South Africa SDSHU th Annual ;,;(QWRPRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD (66$  Savanna Science Network Meeting, Skukuza, South th and the 37 Zoological Society of Southern Africa Africa. =66$  &RQJUHVV 3UHWRULD 8QLYHUVLW\ 6RXWK $IULFD Pottinger, M, and Van Dalen, EMSP. 2017. The July. invasion of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus Marais, A, and Van Dalen, EMSP. 2017,GHQWL¿FDWLRQ (Acari: Ixodidae) on a farm in the Eastern Cape of tick-borne diseases, Babesia bovis and Babesia province, South Africa SRVWHU . 3rd International bigemina, spread by tick species on a farm in the &RQJUHVVRQ3DUDVLWHVRI:LOGOLIH ,&32: KRVWHGE\ Eastern Cape SRVWHU . 3rd International Congress WKH3DUDVLWRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD 3$56$  RQ 3DUDVLWHV RI :LOGOLIH ,&32:  KRVWHG E\ WKH held at the Kruger National Park, South Africa. 3DUDVLWRORJLFDO 6RFLHW\ RI 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD 3$56$  6HEDWD 6 +DGGDG &5 )RRUG 6+ DQG )LW]SDWULFN held at the Kruger National Park, South Africa. M. 2017. Spiders and holistic management practices Mitchell, D, Christison, KW, Van As, LL, and Vaughn, at Debshan Ranch, Shangani, Zimbabwe SDSHU  D. 2017. Hexabothriid parasites from Rajidae species 12th&ROORTXLXPRIWKH$IULFDQ$UDFKQRORJLFDO6RFLHW\ of South Africa SDSHU  rd International Congress Goudini Spa and Resort, South Africa. RQ 3DUDVLWHV RI :LOGOLIH ,&32:  KRVWHG E\ WKH Seetsi, A, Van As, J, Thekisoe, MMO, Leeto, M. 2017. 3DUDVLWRORJLFDO 6RFLHW\ RI 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD 3$56$  Haemoparasite infections and relationship with adaptive Kruger National Park, South Africa. immune responses in Afromontane lizards of the rd Moeti, AT, Brink, SL, and Louw, SvdM. 2017. eastern Free State Province SRVWHU  International Description of the life stages of beetles in the carrion &RQJUHVVRQ3DUDVLWHVRI:LOGOLIH ,&32: KRVWHGE\ ecosystem of the central Free State SDSHU -RLQW;,; WKH3DUDVLWRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD 3$56$  (QWRPRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD (66$ DQG held at the Kruger National Park. the 37th=RRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD =66$  Smit, T, Louw, SvdM, and Swart, VR. 2017. Invasion Congress, Pretoria University, South Africa. July. of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) into vineyards along the lower Orange River, Northern

162 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Cape SDSHU  -RLQW ;,; (QWRPRORJLFDO 6RFLHW\ RI 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD =66$  &RQJUHVV -XO\  DW 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD (66$  DQG WKH WK =RRORJLFDO Pretoria University, South Africa. 6RFLHW\ RI 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD =66$  &RQJUHVV -XO\ 9RXD 2WRPR 3 'LRK /REH '3DQG )LOVHU -  2017 at Pretoria University, South Africa. Avoidance behaviour of Enchytraeus albidus Van As, J, Cook, CA, Netherlands, EC, and Smit, NJ. (Oligochaeta) after exposure to AgNPs and AgNO3 at 2017. Sporogonic biology of Plasmodium intabazwe ÀXFWXDWLQJWHPSHUDWXUHV SDSHU th Annual Meeting Van As, Cook, Netherlands and Smit 2016 in scale Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry mites Ixodiderma inverta Lawrence, 1935 infesting crag (XURSH %UXVVHOV%HOJLXP lizards SRVWHU rd International Congress on Parasites Whitehead, L, Swart, VR, and Gryzenhout, M. 2017. RI :LOGOLIH ,&32:  KRVWHG E\ WKH 3DUDVLWRORJLFDO DNA Barcoding of Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the 6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD 3$56$ KHOGDWWKH.UXJHU Free State Province, South Africa SRVWHU -RLQW;,; National Park, South Africa. (QWRPRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD (66$ DQG Van As, JG, and Van As, LL. 2017. The disjunct the 37th=RRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD =66$  GLVWULEXWLRQ RI EUDQFKLXUDQ ¿VK SDUDVLWHV SDSHU . Congress, July 2017 at Pretoria University, South 3rd International Congress on Parasites of Wildlife Africa. ,&32:  KRVWHG E\ WKH 3DUDVLWRORJLFDO 6RFLHW\ RI Whitehead, L, and Haddad, CR. 2017. (௺HFWRIYHOG¿UH 6RXWKHUQ$IULFD 3$56$ KHOGDWWKH.UXJHU1DWLRQDO and road disturbances on the abundance and species Park, South Africa. richness of spiders associated with Hyparrhenia hirta Van As, M, Van As, J, Cook, CA, and Smit, NJ. 2017. grass tussocks SRVWHU th&ROORTXLXPRIWKH$IULFDQ Ticks as possible vectors of a Hepatozoon species Arachnological Society, Goudini Spa and Resort, (Apicomplexa: Adeleorina: Hepatozoidae) infecting wild South Africa. African leopards, Panthera pardus pardus (Linnaeus, 1758), in South Africa SRVWHU  rd International STAFF &RQJUHVVRQ3DUDVLWHVRI:LOGOLIH ,&32: KRVWHGE\ Distinguished Professors: Prof LJ Fourie. WKH3DUDVLWRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ$IULFD 3$56$  Professors: Prof L Basson, Prof NJL Heideman, and held at the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Prof Schalk vdM Louw. Van As, LL., Basson, L, and Van As, JG. 2017. Associate Professor: Prof LL van As and Prof A le Ciliophorans collected from a wide variety of hosts Roux. from the Okavango system, Botswana SDSHU  3rd International Congress on Parasites of Wildlife Senior Lecturers: Dr CH Haddad, Dr M Ndlovu, and Dr ,&32:  KRVWHG E\ WKH 3DUDVLWRORJLFDO 6RFLHW\ RI P Voua Otomo. 6RXWKHUQ$IULFD 3$56$ .UXJHU1DWLRQDO3DUN6RXWK Lecturers: Dr E Bredenhand, Dr S Brink, Dr C Jansen Africa. YDQ5HQVEXUJ'U30/HHWR'U956ZDUW'U-YDQ$V Van der Merwe, SS, Swart, VR, Bredenhand, E, and L Heyns, M van As, EMP van Dalen, and HJB Butler. Haddad, CR. 2017. Soil biota as bioindicators of Junior Lecturers: De Villiers Fourie. HURVLRQ OHYHOV DQG ¿UH GLVWXUEDQFHV LQ $IURPRQWDQH grassland areas within the Golden Gate Highlands 3RVWGRFWRUDO )HOORZV 'U $QWyQ ' 3pUH]5RGUtJXH] National Park SDSHU -RLQW;,;(QWRPRORJLFDO6RFLHW\ DQG-RDTXLQ9HUGX5LFR\ RI 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD (66$  DQG WKH WK =RRORJLFDO Research Associates: Prof JG van As, Dr LM 6RFLHW\ RI 6RXWKHUQ $IULFD =66$  &RQJUHVV -XO\ Barkhuizen, Dr J Botha-Brink, Dr KW Christison, Dr 2017 at Pretoria University, South Africa. L Coetzee, Dr Y Marusik, Dr EA Hugo-Coetzee, Dr C Van Rooyen, A, Swart, VR, and Moore, S. 2017. An Scheepers, and Dr NA Rayner. ecological analysis of stinkbug and lepidopteran borer 2ႈFHUV 3URIHVVLRQDO 6HUYLFHV NW Mokhethi, MP complexes associated with pecan and citrus orchards 6LWKROHDQG-00DEHQD SDSHU -RLQW;,;(QWRPRORJLFDO6RFLHW\RI6RXWKHUQ $IULFD (66$  DQG WKH WK =RRORJLFDO 6RFLHW\ RI 6HQLRU$VVLVWDQW2ႈFHU B Maasdorp and SAM Teele.

163 ACADEMIC CENTRES Disaster Management Training and Education Centre for Africa – DiMTEC

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV Prof Andries J Jordaan Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences DiMTEC University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 2721 Fax: +27 51 401 9336 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview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ÀUVW5RPDQLDQ WRHQWHUVSDFHRQWKH5XVVLDQVSDFHFUDIW6R\X] 'L07(& LV DOVR SURXG RQ WKH VXFFHVVIXO LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI WKH (5$6086 H[FKDQJHSURJUDPPHZLWKWKH1DWLRQDO8QLYHUVLW\RI3XEOLF6HUYLFHLQ+XQJDU\ 3URI-RUGDDQDQG'U%HOOHHDFKVSHQWWZRZHHNVLQ%XGDSHVWDVJXHVWOHFWXUHUV ZLWK3URI$JRVWRQ5HVWDVYLVLWLQJXVRQDWZRZHHNH[FKDQJHSURJUDPPH)RXU RIRXU3K'VWXGHQWV)XPPLH0X\DPER$OEHUW0DLLSLVL'U$OLFH1FXEHDQG 6LYLZH6KZDEDEDUHVSHFWLYHO\VSHQWÀYHDQGWKUHHPRQWKVLQ+XQJDU\  ZDV RXU PRVW SURGXFWLYH \HDU WR GDWH FRQFHUQLQJ SXEOLFDWLRQV ZLWK  SDSHUV SXEOLVKHG E\ 'L07(& VWDII DQG VWXGHQWV 2XU VWDII DOVR DWWHQGHG DQG SUHVHQWHG DW HLJKW QDWLRQDO FRQIHUHQFHV 7KH 86 )RUHVW 6HUYLFH LQYLWHG 3URI -RUGDDQ WR D PRQWKORQJ WUDLQLQJ SURJUDPPH RQ ,QFLGHQW &RPPDQG 6\VWHPVLQWKH86$7KHREMHFWLYHRIWKHWUDLQLQJZDVWRDVVLVW6RXWK$IULFDLQWKH LPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIDQLQFLGHQWFRPPDQGV\VWHPIRUWKHZKROHFRXQWU\ 7KH'L07(&DFDGHPLFWHDPZDVDOVRVWUHQJWKHQHGZLWKWKHDSSRLQWPHQWRI 3URI-RHUJ6]DU]\QVNLDQG3URI)DEULFH5HQDXGDV$IÀOLDWHG$VVRFLDWH3URIHVVRUV

ACHIEVEMENTS 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV 'U%HOOHDQG'U1FXEHERWKUHFHLYHGWKHLU3K'VGXULQJ 0$%(1*80DEHO1FXPLVD    2017. 9(76+(=$7REDQL)ULHQG 3URI-RUGDDQZDVLQYLWHGE\WKH86)RUHVWV6HUYLFHWR MAGALE, Mmampe Shirley attend a month-long training programme on Incident MALAMBO, Judith Mainza Command in the USA. MATSIDIDI, Mollin Prof Jordaan was invited as a disaster management MEHLOMAKULU, Lusanda H[SHUWRQWKH812&+$PLVVLRQWR1DPLELD 02)2.(1*0DVHEHOH(\HQXUVH   6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV MOKATI, Josepth Tsoeu Washi 2017 Advanced University Diploma MORKEL, Kelly MPHAKI, Masoga Gerson CHOCHE, Mogomotsi Cathrine HARRIS, Toysten Vernen MSWANE, Goodan Lindani MTHEMBU, Mduduzi Twince KHOZA, Moses KHUMALO, Nkosinathi Sameul 07+(0%8=DPXNZDQGD%XNKRVLEDNKH  MUKWASHI, Tsungai KHUMALO, Vuyiswa Sinenhlanhla .2',6$1*0DNJRVL/XLVD-DFTXHOL NYATHI, Admire Jealous 6$0621$.3$1$QLHER%HQLWD .8%+(.$%RQJHND1RNZHWKHPED   /28:,]DN-DFREXV  VILAKAZI, Akhona Paricia

165 YALALA, Nonhlanhla Ndhlovu Dr Belle: TSHABALALA, Melita Macia 3DUWLFLSDWHG LQ WKH (UDVPXV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 0RELOLW\ programme as exchange lecturer at the National 2017 Master’s Degree Graduates 8QLYHUVLW\RI3XEOLF6HUYLFH%XGDSHVW+XQJDU\ ATSHIPARA, Frans Ndadhnitha 'U1FXEH &+,687$.DJHEHO0DNR\H 3DUWLFLSDWHG LQ WKH (UDVPXV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 0RELOLW\ FAKUDE, Bongani Christopher programme as exchange PhD student at the National 02627+2/HERJDQJ/LQDK 8QLYHUVLW\RI3XEOLF6HUYLFH%XGDSHVW+XQJDU\ MOTLHALE, Tshepo Enoch MULLER, Garret Josiah RESEARCH WRC project9XOQHUDELOLW\DGDSWDWLRQWRDQGFRSLQJ NZUZA, Sizwe Louis ZLWKGURXJKW7KHFDVHRIFRPPHUFLDODQGVXEVLVWHQFH RWILIRIZA, Kellen Namara UDLQIHGIDUPLQJLQWKH(DVWHUQ&DSH .6$7KUXVW SIMUKOKO, Joseph Ivwananji 3&RQWUDFWQU  TAWODZERA, Margaret This project was successfully completed at the end &$/(1,-DFRE6LSKLZH    RI  7KH PDLQ REMHFWLYH RI WKH UHVHDUFK ZDV WR LUBANGA,Samkelisiwe propose adaptation and coping strategies for drought ULVN EDVHG RQ GURXJKWULVN DVVHVVPHQW IRU WKH UDLQ NANGOLO, Asser Inekela fed farming sector in the Eastern Cape. This includes PULLIAN, Naven Kasenthiren ERWKFRPPHUFLDODQGFRPPXQDOVXEVLVWHQFHIDUPHUV TSABEDZE, Qinisile Samkelisiwe DQGFRQVLGHUVULVNDVDIXQFWLRQRIKD]DUGHFRQRPLF 2017 PhD Graduates VRFLDOHQYLURQPHQWDO YXOQHUDELOLW\ DGDSWDWLRQ DQG FRSLQJ FDSDFLW\ 'URXJKW FODVVL¿FDWLRQ DQG GURXJKW BELLE, Johannes Amate monitor system for South Africa was one of the major NCUBE, Alice RXWFRPHVRIWKLVSURMHFW9RODQGLVDYDLODEOHRQ www.wrc.org.za and www.dimtec.ac.za FENTA, Muluken Mekuyie EvIDENz(DUWKREVHUYDWLRQIRUGURXJKWPRQLWRULQJ $FWLYLWLHV 7KLVSURMHFWLVOHGE\WKH&HQWUHIRU5HPRWH6HQVLQJRI International visits /DQG6XUIDFHV =)/ DWWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI%RQQ3DUWQHU institutions are the United Nations University, United Prof Jordaan: 1DWLRQV 2ႈFH IRU 2XWHU 6SDFH $ႇDLUV 81226$  Led the South African delegation to Berlin for meetings and the Ukraine Satellite Agency. UFS-DiMTEC is with the Free University of Berlin and the International WKH 6RXWK $IULFDQ SDUWQHU 7KLV SURMHFW LV IXQGHG E\ 5HG &URVV DV ZHOO DV WR +DPEXUJ ZKHUH KH WKH (XURSHDQ 6SDFH $JHQF\ 7KH PDLQ REMHFWLYH RI facilitated a workshop with the focus on South Africa WKHUHVHDUFKLVWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIHDUWKREVHUYDWLRQ at the 7th International Water Network symposium. He methods with open source tools for drought monitoring concluded his trip with a visit to Berlin for the EvIDENz and implementation at national scale. workshop with the University of Bonn, the United WRC project: Development of agricultural water- Nations University, UNCCD, UNFCCC, and other UN management scenarios for South Africa. organisations. This project focuses on the development of scenarios Led the South African delegation to the National for agricultural water management in South Africa. 'URXJKW0LWLJDWLRQ&HQWUHLQ/LQFROQ1HEUDVND86$ 6FHQDULR EXLOGLQJ LQ WKLV FDVH ZLOO LQYROYH D YDULHW\ and to the US Forestry Service in Montana, USA, RILQGLFDWRUVVXFKDV L KXPDQ LL VRFLDO LLL FXOWXUDO YLVLWLQJDFWLYHZLOG¿UH ¿JKWLQJDQGLQFLGHQW FRPPDQG LY  HFRQRPLF Y  LQVWLWXWLRQDO YL  SROLWLFDO YLL  in action. HQYLURQPHQWDOHFRORJLFDO YLLL  FOLPDWH FKDQJH L[  ,QYLWHG E\ WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV )RUHVW 6HUYLFH WR JOREDO FKDQJH DQG L[  WHFKQRORJ\ DVSHFWV *$0( the International Disaster Management Seminar. WKHRU\ LV DSSOLHG WR GHYHORS GLႇHUHQW VFHQDULRV 7KH Participated in three-week training in the USA on project duration is from 2017 to 2021 and will include FEMA National Incident Management System and at least two national water simposia. Prof Andries Incident Command. Jordaan is the project leader and principal researcher. 2WKHUUHVHDUFKHUVLQFOXGH'U$ELRGXQ2JXQGHML3URI 0HPEHURI6RXWK$IULFDQVFLHQWL¿FGHOHJDWLRQWR $QWKRQ\ 7XUWRQ 3URI 6XH :DONHU &KDQWHOOH ,OOEXU\ ,6'5*OREDO3ODWIRUP&DQFXQ0H[LFR $QLHER+DJDQ PDVWHU¶VVWXGHQW DQG6HEDVWLDQ

166 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 3K'VWXGHQW ZLWK*HUGDPDULHYDQ&RSSHQKDJHQDV A case of communal farmers in South Africa. Jamba Project Administrator.   . &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH 0X\DPER)-RUGDDQ$-&DUVWHQV6:5HVWDV$ and Ndlasi, N. 2017. The role of disaster management 7UDLQLQJ RI H[WHQVLRQ RႈFHUV DQG IDUPHUV (DVWHUQ GXULQJ [HQRSKRELF YLROHQFH LQ GHYHORSLQJ FRXQWULHV Cape: Training workshops were facilitated at Mthata, Defence Science Journal   . 6WHUNVSUXLW$OLZDO1RUWKDQG3RUW(OL]DEHWKIRUPRUH than 200 people. The focus of the training was on 0X\DPER ) -RUGDDQ $- DQG 5HVWDV $  drought management. Unmanned aerial vehicle application in developing countries: A life-saving technology in emergencies. RESEARCH OUTPUTS Vedelem Tudomany/Defence Science Journal    5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV 0X\DPER ) -RUGDDQ $- DQG 5HVWDV $  %DKWD <7 -RUGDDQ $- DQG 0X\DPER )  3RVVLELOLWLHV RI 8VLQJ 8QPDQQHG $HULDO 9HKLFOHV Communal Farmers’ perception of drought in South 8$9  LQ 'HYHORSLQJ &RXQWULHV Vedelem Tudomany: Africa: Policy implication for drought risk reduction. Katasztrofavedenmi online Tudomanyos Folyoirat. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 1: Hungary. 9:1-5. 1-20. 1FXEH $ DQG &KLPHQ\D *7  +RVSLWDO Bahta, YT, Jordaan, AJ, Mdungela, NM. 2017. Indicators emergency preparedness: A study of Onandjokwe IRUHFRQRPLFYXOQHUDELOLW\WRGURXJKWLQ6RXWK$IULFD /XWKHUDQ +RVSLWDO 1RUWKHUQ 1DPLELD African Safety Development in Practice   Promotion   Belle, JA, Collins, N, and Jordaan, AJ. 2017. Building Sakulski, D, Jordaan, AJ, Lukic, T, Maric, P, Hrnjak, Resilience in Natural Capital to Reduce Disaster Risks I, Gavrilov, MB, Mladjan, D, Zorn, M, Komac, B, and Adapt to Climate Change: A Case of Wetlands in Milosevic, Z, Markovic, SB, Dordevic, J, Pavic, D, the Eastern Free State; South Africa. American Journal and Stojsavljevic, R. 2017. Forest Fire Analysis and of Environmental Science   FODVVL¿FDWLRQ EDVHG RQ D 6HUELDQ FDVH VWXG\ Acta Belle, JA, Moyo, S, and Ogundeji, AA. 2017. Assessing geographica Slovenica   communal farmers’ preparedness to drought in the &KDSWHUVLQ%RRNV 8PJX]D 'LVWULFW =LPEDEZH International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 22: 194-203. Jordaan, AJ. 2017. Building Resilience in Africa through Transformation and a Green Economy: Hlalele, BM. 2017. Cointegration analysis of Challenges and Opportunities, in Wanglin Yan, William YXOQHUDELOLW\ LQGH[ DQG VWDQGDUGLVHG SUHFLSLWDWLRQ *DOORZD\ HGV  Rethinking Resilience, Adaptation index in Mafeteng district, Lesotho. Jàmbá: Journal and Transformation in a Time of Change. Springer. of Disaster Risk Studies    D KWWSVGRLRUJ ISBN 978-3-319-50171-0. MDPEDYL Conference Contributions Kunguma, O, and Skinner, J. 2017. Mainstreaming Media into Disaster Risk Reduction and Management, Belle, JA. 2017. Building resilience with natural capital South Africa. Disaster Advances   to reduce disaster risks and adapt to climate change: a case of wetlands in the eastern Free State; South Maipisi, A, Jordaan, AJ, Restas, A. 2017. Locating fault Africa. 32nd Annual Conference, Disaster Management OLQHV RI ÀRRG GLVDVWHU YXOQHUDELOLW\ DQG VXVFHSWLELOLW\ ,QVWLWXWH RI 6RXWK $IULFD '0,6$  &RHJD 9XOLQGOHOD Lessons to governments, development agencies Accommodation and Conference Centre, Port and practitioners in developing countries. Vedelem (OL]DEHWK6HSWHPEHU Tudomany/Defence Science. Jordaan, AJ. 2017. Taking the Guessing out of Drought 0DQRPEH 6 1FXEH$ .XQJXPD 2 DQG 1\DZKR Disaster Declaration: Drought Indicators for South 01XWULWLRQDOYXOQHUDELOLW\LQSUHJQDQWZRPHQ Africa. Joint Conference: 3rd AFAAS Africa-Wide DQDVVHVVPHQWRIWKH:)39*)SURJUDPPHLQ0ELUH Agricultural Extension Week & 51st Annual Conference 'LVWULFW=LPEDEZH$XWKRUVJamba Journal of Disaster of the South African Society for Agricultural Extension; Risk Studies   Scaling up Climate Smart Agriculture; Integrating 0X\DPER ) -RUGDDQ $- DQG %DKWD < 

167 AFAAS Africa-Wide Agricultural Extension Week & 1FXEH$  Analysis of African migrant women 51st Annual Conference of the South African Society coping and adaption in South Africa: the human and for Agricultural Extension; Scaling up Climate Smart Social livelihood capitals approach. 32nd Annual Agriculture; Integrating Youth, Women and the Digital Conference, Disaster Management Institute of South 5HYROXWLRQ 'XUEDQ 6RXWK $IULFD  2FWREHU $IULFD '0,6$ &RHJD9XOLQGOHOD$FFRPPRGDWLRQDQG 1RYHPEHU &RQIHUHQFH&HQWUH3RUW(OL]DEHWK6HSWHPEHU Jordaan, AJ. 2017. Modelling Disaster Losses: Doing 5HVHDUFK5HSRUWV the Near Impossible. Africa Conference on Economic -RUGDDQ $- (G   Vulnerability, Adaptation to &RVWVRI'LVDVWHUV-RKDQQHVEXUJ6RXWK$IULFD and Coping with Drought: The Case of Commercial 2FWREHU and Subsistence Rain Fed Farming in the Eastern Jordaan, AJ. 2017. Taking the Guessing out of Cape9RO, ,,:5&5HSRUW1U77,6%1 Disaster Declaration: Drought Indicators for South 978-1-4312-0885-2. Pretoria. Africa. 32nd Annual Conference, Disaster Management ,QVWLWXWH RI 6RXWK $IULFD '0,6$  &RHJD 9XOLQGOHOD STAFF Accommodation and Conference Centre, Port Professors: Prof AJ Jordaan, Prof B Grove, and Prof (OL]DEHWK6HSWHPEHU R Bragg. Jordaan, AJ. 2017. Agricultural Water Scenarios in SA Lecturers:'U$1FXEH 'U-$%HOOH 2.XQJXPD 'U 2030. UFS-DiMTEC International Conference: Toward E Louw, Dr H Booysen, Dr C Barker, Dr N Matthews, &OLPDWH 5HVLOLHQFH DQG 6XVWDLQDEOH :DWHU 8VH LQ 'U$ 2JXQGHML 'U ' &KLNREYX 'U 0 6FKXWWH6PLWK $IULFD%ORHPIRQWHLQ6RXWK$IULFD)HEUXDU\ /1RJDEH0-RXEHUW/GH:HW:(OOLVDQG'U(GX Jordaan, AJ. 2017. Building a Climate Resilient Plessis. Society in Africa; International Trends in Inter- $ႈOLDWHG$VVRFLDWH3URIHVVRUV Prof J Szarzynski, and and Trans Disciplinary Research. UFS-DiMTEC Prof F Renaud. International Conference: Toward Climate Resilience 6HQLRU$VVLVWDQW2ႈFHU G van Coppenhagen, A van DQG 6XVWDLQDEOH :DWHU 8VH LQ $IULFD %ORHPIRQWHLQ Straten. 6RXWK$IULFD)HEUXDU\

168 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 169 ACADEMIC CENTRES Centre for Environmental Management – CEM

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV 0DULQGD$YHQDQW $FWLQJ'LUHFWRU  Centre for Environmental Management Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 2863 Fax: +27 51 401 2629 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview ZDVDYHU\VXFFHVVIXO\HDUIRUWKH&HQWUHIRU(QYLURQPHQWDO0DQDJHPHQW &(0 ²ERWKLQWHUPVRIUHVHDUFKRXWSXWVDQGWKHGHOLYHU\RISRVWJUDGXDWH VWXGHQWVLQ(QYLURQPHQWDO0DQDJHPHQWDQG/LPQRORJ\2XUUHVHDUFKRXWSXWV LQFOXGHGVL[ERRNFKDSWHUVDUWLFOHVDQGFRQIHUHQFHFRQWULEXWLRQVZKLOH WZR3K'VWXGHQWVZLWKVSHFLDOLVDWLRQLQ(QYLURQPHQWDO0DQDJHPHQWPDVWHU·V VWXGHQWV LQ (QYLURQPHQWDO 0DQDJHPHQW DQG WKUHH %6F+RQV VWXGHQWV ZLWK VSHFLDOLVDWLRQLQ/LPQRORJ\UHFHLYHGWKHLUGHJUHHVLQ7KLVLVLQOLQHZLWKWKH FHQWUH·VVWUDWHJ\WRGHYHORSRXUUHVHDUFKSURÀOHDORQJVLGHRXUSRVWJUDGXDWH GHJUHH SURJUDPPHV :H IXUWKHUPRUH ZHOFRPHG 3URI 1QHQHVL .JDEL DV DQ $IÀOLDWHG3URIHVVRUDQG'U&DULQYDQ*LQNHODVD5HVHDUFK)HOORZDWWKHFHQWUH EXWZHDOVRKDGWRVD\JRRGE\HWRRQHRIRXU5HVHDUFK)HOORZV'U)UHG.UXJHU ZKRXQH[SHFWHGO\GLHGRQ0D\'U.UXJHU·VVKDUSZLWKRQHVWIHHGEDFN DQGDGYLFHDQGDFDGHPLFULJRURXVQHVVZLOOEHVRUHO\PLVVHG

KHOGIURP$XJXVWWR6HSWHPEHULQ3RUW(OL]DEHWK South Africa. Dr Shola Ololade participated as a panellist in the :DWHU &LWLHV DQG 6'*  VXESOHQDU\ DW WKH /RFDO &OLPDWH6ROXWLRQVIRU$IULFD&RQJUHVV /R&6$IULFD LQ March 2017. She also served as an expert on the panel adjudicating Geo and Marine Sciences applications VXEPLWWHG WR WKH 15) IRU ),66  3RVWGRFWRUDO )HOORZVKLSVDQGVKHLVDVWDQGLQJPHPEHURIWKHSDQHO reviewing applications for the Knowledge Interchange DQG&ROODERUDWLRQ .,& IXQGLQJLQVWUXPHQWV

Dr Fred Kruger, a Research Fellow in the Centre for Environmental Management, unexpectedly passed away on 20 May 2017 at the age of 73. Dr Kruger was the former Director of the South African Forestry Research Institute, and later of the CSIR’s Division of Forest Science and Technology

ACHIEVEMENTS 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV Prof Anthony Turton was awarded a Royal Bank Surina Esterhuyse (second from left) and Dr Joh Henschel RI &DQDGD )HOORZVKLS E\ WKH :DWHU ,QVWLWXWH DW WKH (on the right) during a round-table discussion at the University of Waterloo. He also served as an advisory Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf) Shale Gas Conference (Photo copyright: Donna vd Watt Photography) FRPPLWWHHPHPEHUIRUWKHWater, Sewage and Waste SXEOLFDWLRQ Prof Anthony Turton and Surina Esterhuyse served as Dr Falko Buschke, with Master of Environmental FRHGLWRUVIRUWKHERRNWater Legacies of Conventional Management student Ansuné Human, facilitated a Mining SXEOLVKHGE\5RXWOHGJH8.DQG86$ ZRUNVKRS DW WKH WK $QQXDO .LPEHUOH\ %LRGLYHUVLW\ 5HVHDUFK 6\PSRVLXP .%56  RQ µ(FRV\VWHP 6XULQD(VWHUKX\VHVHUYHGDVPHPEHURIWKHHGLWRULDO JXLGHOLQHVIRUWKH1DPD.DURRELRPHLQ6RXWK$IULFD¶ ERDUG IRU WKH MRXUQDO Water International, and LQ2FWREHU participated as a panellist in the monitoring round WDEOH DW WKH UHFHQW $FDGHP\ RI 6FLHQFH RI 6RXWK Dr Tascha Vos was voted vice-chair of the Modder-Riet $IULFD $66$I SROLF\FRQIHUHQFHWLWOHGµ7KHVKDOHJDV Catchment Management Forum during their April 2017 industry in South Africa: Toward a science action plan’ meeting.

171 Dr Nico Avenant served on the Editorial Board of Student in Environmental Management for 2016. He Integrative Zoology, and as Section Editor for African ZDVVXSHUYLVHGE\'U6KROD2ORODGHDQG)UDQN6RNROLF Zoology VPDOO PDPPDOV  +H DOVR VHUYHG RQ WKH 7KHVHSUL]HVZLOOEHDZDUGHGGXULQJWKHIDFXOW\¶V3UL]H Executive Committee of the International Conference giving Ceremony in April 2018. RQ5RGHQW%LRORJ\DQG0DQDJHPHQWDQGKDVEHHQDQ advisor to the African Large Predator Research Unit at the University of the Free State since 2002. Dr Avenant was named part of the Zoological Society of Southern Africa local organising committee that will host the 2020 International Congress of Zoology in Cape Town, South Africa. 6WXGHQW$FKLHYHPHQWV Tshiamo Legoale, a student in the Master of Environmental Management programme, was the QDWLRQDOZLQQHURI)DPH/DE6RXWK$IULFDRQ$SULO 2017. She went on to represent South Africa at the ,QWHUQDWLRQDO)DPH/DE&RPSHWLWLRQDWWKH&KHOWHQKDP Science Festival in the United Kingdom in July 2017, ZKHUHVKHZRQWKH¿UVWSUL]H

Centre for Environmental Management prize-winners: Mutukwa Musole from Zambia was awarded the Dr Limpho Letsela Prize for the Best Foreign African Student in (QYLURQPHQWDO0DQDJHPHQWIRU5RGHULFN-H௺HU\ZRQ the Maitland Seaman Prize for Best Magister Student in Environmental Management 2016, as well as the Centre for Environmental Management Prize for the Best Mini- dissertation in Environmental Management in 2016

$FWLYLWLHV Conference attendance 6HYHUDOFRUHVWDႇPHPEHUVDWWHQGHGLQWHUQDWLRQDODQG national conferences: yDr Shola Ololade delivered the keynote address at the 1st ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQIHUHQFH RUJDQLVHG E\ WKH Centre for Research, Innovation and Development in Ekiti, Nigeria in August 2017. yCarina Coetzer delivered a paper at the 41st Annual 0HHWLQJ RI WKH :DWHUELUG 6RFLHW\ LQ 5H\NMDYLN

Tshiamo Legoale was named the FameLab International Iceland in August 2017. Champion at the Cheltenham Science Festival in the UK on 8 July 2017. This photo of Tshiamo appeared in the yDr Shola Ololade delivered a paper, and was co- September 2017 issue of Fair Lady, pages 26-28 author of another, at the 6th :RUOG 6XVWDLQDELOLW\ Forum held in Cape Town in January 2017. She 5RGHULFN -HႇHU\ZRQ WKH 0DLWODQG 6HDPDQ 3UL]H IRU was also invited to deliver a paper at the Local Best Magister Student in Environmental Management Climate Solutions for Africa Congress in Ekurhuleni 2016, as well as the Centre for Environmental in March 2017. Management Prize for the Best Mini-dissertation in th Environmental Management in 2016. His research yDr Falko Buschke delivered a paper at the 14 ZDVRQWKHHႇHFWRIXUEDQLVDWLRQRQELUGVWULNHKD]DUGV National Biodiversity Planning Forum held at at the Air Force Base Ysterplaat, Cape Town, South Skukuza Camp, Kruger National Park, in June $IULFD+HZDVVXSHUYLVHGE\'U)DONR%XVFKNH 2017. 0XWXNZD 0XVROH IURP =DPELD ZDV DZDUGHG WKH 'U ySurina Esterhuyse and Richard Williamson Limpho Letsela Prize for the Best Foreign African attended the Biennial Groundwater conference in

172 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 6WHOOHQERVFKLQ2FWREHUZKHUHWKH\GHOLYHUHG Visitors to the CEM a paper. 'U)DONR%XVFKNHKRVWHG'U7RP3LQFHHO .8/HXYHQ ySinalo Malindie delivered a paper at the 14th Annual %HOJLXPDQG&(0UHVHDUFKDVVRFLDWH IRUKLVUHVHDUFK .LPEHUOH\ %LRGLYHUVLW\ 5HVHDUFK 6\PSRVLXP LQ RQ WKH HႇHFWV RI FOLPDWH FKDQJH RQ WKH ELRGLYHUVLW\ .LPEHUOH\2FWREHU RI WHPSRUDU\ DTXDWLF HFRV\VWHPV 7KLV UHVHDUFK LV IXQGHGE\WKH)OHPLVK)XQGIRU6FLHQWL¿F5HVHDUFK 3URI 1QHQHVL .JDEL ZLWK IRXU 1DPLELDQ VWXGHQWV visited the CEM in April 2017. Three of the students enrolled for a PhD in Environmental Management at the University of the Free State in 2017.

Dr Shola Ololade visited the Life and Earth Sciences Institute at the Pan-African University hosted by the University of Ibadan in Nigeria in August 2017. Dr Ololade has been appointed to supervise a PhD student enrolled at the institute 3URI1QHQHVL.JDELDSSRLQWHGDVDQ$௻OLDWHG3URIHVVRU in the Centre for Environmental Management in 2017, visited the centre with four of her Namibian students in April 2017. Prof Kgabi is the Associate Dean of the Faculty of Engineering at the Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST). Front, from the left: Tabby Resane, Johanna Ithindi, Prof Nnesi Kgabi, Gideon Kalumbu, Marthie Kemp (Student research coordinator, CEM). Back, from the left: Brian Mhango, Martha Uugwanga, Marinda Avenant (Acting Director – CEM, UFS).

Modder-Riet Catchment Management Forum Dr Vos and Marinda Avenant represented the CEM on the Modder-Riet Catchment Management Carina Coetzer, an NRF Intern at the Centre for )RUXPLQ7KHPDLQREMHFWLYHRIWKLVIRUXPDQ Environmental Management, in front of the Hallgrimskirkja institutional committee of the Department of Water Church in Reykjavik, Iceland. Coetzer presented a paper $ႇDLUV DQG 6DQLWDWLRQ LV WR SURPRWH WKH UHVSRQVLEOH at the 41st Annual Meeting of the Waterbird Society in Reykjavik in August 2017 management of the Modder and Riet River catchments. Representatives of various stakeholders attend the TXDUWHUO\PHHWLQJVRIWKHIRUXP &RQVWUXFWLQJDUWL¿FLDOZHWODQGV The CEM hosted a workshop in May 2017 to explore WKHIHDVLELOLW\RIFRQVWUXFWLQJDQDUWL¿FLDOZHWODQGDWWKH Free State National Botanical Garden. The workshop ZDVLQLWLDWHGDQGFKDLUHGE\'U3LHW/RXLV*UQGOLQJK Deputy Director: Programme Implementation – :HWODQGV'HSDUWPHQWRI(QYLURQPHQWDO$ႇDLUVDQGD Research Associate at the CEM. The proposed project ZLOOVHUYHDVDSLORWVWXG\WRWHVWWKHIHDVLELOLW\RIDUWL¿FLDO Surina Esterhuyse and Mr Richard Williamson attended water-treatment systems. Marius Venter, a research the Biennial Groundwater Conference in Stellenbosch in assistant at the CEM, is assisting on the project. October 2017

173 The centre hosted a workshop in May 2017 to investigate WKHIHDVLELOLW\RIFRQVWUXFWLQJDQDUWL¿FLDOZHWODQGDWWKH)UHH State National Botanical Garden. The participants were: The second-year Master of Environmental Management Back, from the left: Dr Farai Tererai (Department of students went on an excursion to the greater Bloemfontein (QYLURQPHQWDO$௺DLUV 365RVVRXZ 7HUUD6RLO &UDLJ area to assess the sustainability of urban settlements as Cowden (GroundTruth), Trevor Pike (GroundTruth), part of their semester coursework in July 2017. They were Shane Maharaj (GroundTruth), Marius Venter (Centre accompanied by Stuart Denoon Stevens, Dr Anton de Wit, for Environmental Management, UFS), Dr Althea Dr Shola Ololade, Prof Maitland Seaman, Dave Reynolds, Grundling (ARC), Dr Piet-Louis Grundling (Department of and Marinda Avenant (QYLURQPHQWDO$௺DLUV&(08)6  Front, from the left: Japie Buckle (Department of (QYLURQPHQWDO$௺DLUV 0DWKDELVR/HWVDED 'HSDUWPHQWRI (QYLURQPHQWDO$௺DLUV )UDQFL*UHVVH $XUHFRQ 0DULQGD Avenant (Acting Director – CEM, UFS) RESEARCH Dr Falko Buschke carried out a research project using EXWWHUÀ\DVVHPEODJHVWRLGHQWLI\LPSRUWDQWKDELWDWVIRU Geographic information systems (GIS) facility at the WKHSHUVLVWHQFHRIELRGLYHUVLW\XQGHUFOLPDWHFKDQJH CEM 7KLV SURMHFW IRFXVHG RQ WKH VDQGVWRQH LQVHOEHUJV Frank Sokolic, a recognised expert and consultant on RI WKH (DVWHUQ )UHH 6WDWH DQG ZDV IXQGHG E\ WKH *,6FRQWLQXHGKLVFORVHFROODERUDWLRQZLWKWKH&(0E\ Foundational Biodiversity Information Programme of spending a week every month at the centre. This has the South African National Biodiversity Institute. EHHQ H[FHSWLRQDOO\ IUXLWIXO %\ KDYLQJ WKH RSSRUWXQLW\ 'U)DONR%XVFKNHDORQJZLWK6XVLH%URZQOLH SULYDWH WRGLVFXVVWKHLU*,6FKDOOHQJHV¿UVWKDQGWKH&(0¶V FRQVXOWDQW DQG-Hႇ0DQXHO 6$1%, FROODERUDWHGRQ VWXGHQWVDQGVWDႇKDYHEHQH¿WHGJUHDWO\IURPWKH*,6 DSURMHFWWRH[DPLQHWKHSRWHQWLDORIXVLQJELRGLYHUVLW\ solutions he has provided. He has also presented RႇVHWWLQJ WR H[SDQG SURWHFWHG DUHDV DFURVV WKH YDOXDEOH HQYLURQPHQWDOO\RULHQWHG *,6 FRXUVHV WR JUDVVODQGELRPH students and outsiders and provides supervision to master’s students. &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH Short courses $TXDWLF PRQLWRULQJ RI /RFK /RJDQ 'U 7DVFKD 9RV and our postgraduate students continued the long- The CEM presented the following short courses in WHUP PRQLWRULQJ RI WKH ZDWHU TXDOLW\ RI WKH XUEDQ 2017: impoundment, Loch Logan, which is the central yAn Introduction to Geographical Information and focus of Bloemfontein’s Waterfront development. The Global Positioning Systems SUHVHQWHG E\ )UDQN LQIRUPDWLRQ WKXV GHULYHG KDV EHHQ VKDUHG ZLWK WKH Sokolic on the UFS Bloemfontein Campus from 19 Mangaung Local Municipality and the owners of the to 23 June 2017. Waterfront development for use in the management of the lake. yAn Introduction to Wetland Delineation presented E\'U3LHW/RXLV*UQGOLQJDQGDWHDPRIZHWODQG 1DWLRQDODQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ROODERUDWLRQ specialists at Roodeplaat Dam from 6 to 10 March 'U )DONR %XVFKNH FROODERUDWHV ZLWK WKH IROORZLQJ 2017. SHRSOH'U7RP3LQFHHO .8/HXYHQ%HOJLXP 'U%UDP yA course on Wetland Rehabilitation SUHVHQWHG E\ 9DQVFKRHQZLQNHO 9ULMH 8QLYHUVLWHLW %UXVVHO  6XVLH Dr Gründling and a team of wetland specialists for %URZQOLH SULYDWH FRQVXOWDQW  (PLO\ %RWWV SULYDWH VWDႇ PHPEHUV RI WKH 6RXWK$IULFD 1DWLRQDO 3DUNV FRQVXOWDQW  6DP 6LQFODLU ,PSHULDO &ROOHJH /RQGRQ IURPWR2FWREHU DQGWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI2[IRUG -Hႇ0DQXHO 6$1%, 

174 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Postgraduate Students Theresa Soci resigned as course coordinator at the end of 2017 to accept a new post in Cape Town. Drs Alfred Murye and Johannes Belle successfully completed their doctoral studies in Environmental RESEARCH OUTPUTS Management in 2017. The degrees were conferred at 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV the June Graduation Ceremony. $PZHOH +5 0RWVHL / .DOXPEX * .JDEL 1 Njinga, RL, and Tshivhase, VM. 2017. Investigation of SRVVLEOH KXPDQ H[SRVXUH WR PHWDOV FRQFHQWUDWLRQ LQ YHJHWDEOHVJournal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences   Brendonck, L, Pinceel, T, and Ortells, R. 2017. Dormancy and dispersal as mediators of zooplankton population and community dynamics along a K\GURORJLFDOGLVWXUEDQFHJUDGLHQWLQLQODQGWHPSRUDU\ pools. Hydrobiologia  

Drs Johannes Belle and Alfred Murye were awarded PhD Buschke, FT. 2017. Biodiversity trajectories and the degrees in Environmental Management at the June 2017 time needed to achieve no net loss through averted- graduation ceremony ORVVELRGLYHUVLW\RႇVHWVEcological Modelling 352: 54- 57. 26 Master of Environmental Management and three BScHons with specialisation in Limnology degrees Clauss, M, Fritz, J, Tschuor, A, Braun, U, Hummel, J, were also conferred at the June 2017 graduation and Codron, D. 2017. Dry matter and digesta particle ceremony. size gradients along the goat digestive tract on grass DQG EURZVH GLHWV Journal of animal physiology and Seven Master of Environmental Management students animal nutrition   JUDGXDWHGLQ'HFHPEHU Codron, J, Botha-Brink, J, Codron, D, Huttenlocker, AK, and Angielczyk, KD. 2017. Predator-prey interactions DPRQJ 3HUPR7ULDVVLF WHUUHVWULDO YHUWHEUDWHV DV D GHWHUPLQLVWLF IDFWRU LQÀXHQFLQJ IDXQDO FROODSVH DQG turnover. Journal of Evolutionary Biology   De Klerk, JJ, and Avenant, N. 2017. Further evidence in support of the status of small mammals as ecological indicators in areas cleared of alien vegetation in South Africa. Indago 33: 49-56. Dumakude, N, and Graham, M. 2017. Assessing wetland health using a newly developed land cover FLWL]HQ VFLHQFH WRRO IRU XVH E\ ORFDO SHRSOH ZKR DUH Graduates from the Centre for Environmental Management on graduation day, June 2017 not wetland specialists. Southern African Journal of Environmental Education 33: 71-83. STAFF MATTERS Ecker, M, Brink, J, Chazan, M, Kolska Horwitz, L, and 3URI 1QHQHVL .JDEL ZDV DSSRLQWHG DV DQ $ႈOLDWHG /HH7KRUS -$  5DGLRFDUERQ GDWHV FRQVWUDLn Professor in the CEM. the timing of environmental and cultural shifts in the Holocene strata of Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa. Drs Shola Ololade and Falko Buschke were promoted Radiocarbon   from Lecturer to Senior Lecturer at the end of 2017. Esterhuyse, S. 2017. Developing a groundwater Richard Williamson and Marius Venter were appointed YXOQHUDELOLW\ PDS IRU XQFRQYHQWLRQDO RLO DQG as research assistants. gas extraction: a case study from South Africa. Sinalo Malindie was appointed as student assistant. Environmental Earth Sciences     DUWLFOH Carina Coetzer joined the centre in April as a National   Research Foundation-funded intern. She left at the end Esterhuyse, S, Sokolic, F, Redelinghuys, N, Avenant, RI6HSWHPEHUDIWHUDFFHSWLQJDSRVWDW%LUGOLIH$IULFD M, Kijko, A, Glazewski, J, Plit, L, Kemp, M, Smit, A, Vos,

175 $7DQG9RQ0DOWLW]0-9XOQHUDELOLW\PDSSLQJ of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences    as a tool to manage the environmental impacts of oil 301-306. and gas extraction. Royal Society Open Science 4: Philippe, C, Grégoir, AF, Janssens, L, Pinceel, T, De  DUWLFOH  Boeck, G, and Brendonck, L. 2017. Acute and chronic *DEULHO0*DáND03UHWRULXV0/DQG=HLW]- sensitivity to copper of a promising ecotoxicological The development pathways of two peatlands in South PRGHO VSHFLHV WKH DQQXDO NLOOL¿VK Nothobranchius Africa over the last 6200 years: Implications for peat furzeri. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 144: formation and palaeoclimatic research. The Holocene 26-35.    Pinceel, T, Hawinkel, W, Wynants, E, Brendonck, L, *LOOLV*HUPLWVFK 1 9\ELUDO 35 &RGURQ ' &ODXVV DQG 9DQVFKRHQZLQNHO %  +DELWDW XQFHUWDLQW\ M, Kotze, A, and Mitchell, EP. 2017. Intrinsic factors, H[SODLQVYDULDWLRQLQRႇVSULQJSURYLVLRQLQJVWUDWHJLHVLQ DGUHQDO JODQG PRUSKRORJ\ DQG GLVHDVH EXUGHQ LQ a temporary pond crustacean. Hydrobiologia    FDSWLYH FKHHWDKV Acinonyx jubatus  LQ 6RXWK$IULFD 141-151. Zoo Biology   Pinceel, T, Vanschoenwinkel, B, Hawinkel, W, Tuytens, Gowlett, JAJ, Brink, JS, Caris, A, Hoare, S, and Rucina, . DQG %UHQGRQFN /  $ULGLW\ SURPRWHV EHW 60  (YLGHQFH RI EXUQLQJ IURP EXVK¿UHV LQ hedging via delayed hatching: a case study with Southern and East Africa and its relevance to hominin two temporary pond crustaceans along a latitudinal evolution. Current Anthropology 6 66 gradient. Oecologia   Grégoir, AF, Philippe, C, Pinceel, T, Reniers, J, Thoré, Richard, OK, Codron, D, Hagen, KB, Südekum, KH, ESJ, Vanschoenwinkel, B, and Brendonck, L. 2017. DQG &ODXVV 0  /LWWOH GLႇHUHQFHV LQ GLJHVWLYH Life stage dependent responses to desiccation risk in HႈFLHQF\ IRU SURWHLQ DQG IDW LQ PDPPDOV RI GLႇHUHQW WKHDQQXDONLOOL¿VKNothobranchius wattersi. Journal of trophic guilds and digestive strategies: data constraints Fish Biology   or fundamental functional similarity? Journal of Animal Kraaij, T, Young, C, and Bezuidenhout, H. 2017. Growth- Physiology and Animal Nutrition 6  IRUP UHVSRQVHV WR ¿UH LQ 1DPD.DURR HVFDUSPHQW 6LHEHQ (-- &ROOLQV 1% .RW]H '& 0RIXWVDQ\DQD grassland, South Africa. Fire Ecology   SS, and Janks, M. 2017. Temperate grassy wetlands /HLFKOLWHU - 6DQGEHUJ 3 3DVVH\ % &RGURQ ' RI 6RXWK $IULFD 'HVFULSWLRQ FODVVL¿FDWLRQ DQG Avenant, N, Paine, O, Codron, J, De Ruiter, D, and explanatory environmental factors. South African 6SRQKHLPHU06WDEOHFDUERQLVRWRSHHFRORJ\ Journal of Botany 113: 68-76. of modern small mammals from the Sterkfontein Toerien, DF. 2017. The enduring and spatial nature of 9DOOH\ ,PSOLFDWLRQV IRU KDELWDW UHFRQVWUXFWLRQ the enterprise richness of South African towns. South Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology African Journal of Science   485: 57-67. 7RႇROR0%%ULQN-69DQ+X\VVWHHQ&DQG%HUQD McKenzie, VJ, Song, SJ, Delsuc, F, Prest, TL, Oliverio, F. 2017. A microstratigraphic reevaluation of the AM, Korpita, TM, Alexiev, A, Amato, KR, Metcalf, JL, )ORULVEDG VSULQJ VLWH )UHH 6WDWH 3URYLQFH 6RXWK Kowalewski, M, Avenant, NL, Link, A, Di Fiore, A, Africa: Formation processes and paleoenvironment. Seguin-Orlando, A, Feh, C, Orlando, L, Mendelson, Geoarchaeology-an international journal     -5 6DQGHUV - DQG .QLJKW 5  7KH (ႇHFWV 478. RI &DSWLYLW\ RQ WKH 0DPPDOLDQ *XW 0LFURELRme. Integrative and comparative biology   9DQ 5HQVEXUJ ( =LHWVPDQ 3& %RQQHW 6/ DQG $QNH :LOKHOP $  $ONDORLGV IURP WKH EXOEV RI Moradi-Afrapoli, F, Van der Merwe, H, De Mieri, M, Boophone disticha. Natural Product Communications Wilhelm, A, Stadler, M, Zietsman, PC, Hering, S, Swart,    . DQG +DPEXUJHU 0  +3/&%DVHG $FWLYLW\ 3UR¿OLQJ IRU *$%$$ 5HFHSWRU 0RGXODWRUV LQ 6HDUVLD Van Staden, J, Bezuidenhout, H, Ferreira, S, and S\URLGHV 8VLQJ D /DUYDO =HEUD¿VK /RFRPRWRU$VVD\. %UHGHQNDPS*-7KHHႇHFWVRIHOHSKDQWVDQG Planta Medica   ¿UH RQ YHJHWDWLRQ DW 0DUDNHOH 1DWLRQDO 3DUN 6RXWK Africa. Pachyderm 58: 107-122. 2QMHIX 6$ 7DROH 6+ .JDEL 1$ *UDQW & DQG Antoine, J. 2017. Assessment of natural radionuclide &KDSWHUVLQ%RRNV GLVWULEXWLRQLQVKRUHVHGLPHQWVDPSOHVFROOHFWHGIURP Esterhuyse, S, Redelinghuys, N, and Kemp, M. 2017. WKH1RUWK'XQHEHDFK+HQWLHV%D\1DPLELDJournal Unconventional oil and gas extraction in South Africa:

176 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 water linkages within the population-environment- SDSHU th Oppenheimer De Beers Group Research development nexus and its policy implications. In &RQIHUHQFH 2UPRQGH -RKDQQHVEXUJ 6RXWK $IULFD Brooks, DB, Nickum, JE, Turton, AR, and Esterhuyse, 2FWREHU 6 (GV  Water Legacies of Conventional Mining. Codron, J, Avenant, N, Wigley-Coetsee, C, and Codron, London: Routledge. D. 2017. &DUQLYRUHVWDEOHFDUERQLVRWRSHQLFKHVUHÀHFW Esterhuyse, S, Kemp, M, and Redelinghuys, N. 2017. predator-prey size relationships in African savannas $VVHVVLQJWKHH[LVWLQJNQRZOHGJHEDVHDQGRSLQLRQV SDSHU th Oppenheimer De Beers Group Research of decision makers on the regulation and monitoring of &RQIHUHQFH 2UPRQGH -RKDQQHVEXUJ 6RXWK $IULFD unconventional gas mining in South Africa. In: Brooks, 2FWREHU '%1LFNXP-(7XUWRQ$5DQG(VWHUKX\VH6 (GV  Coetzer, C, and Bouwman, H. 2017. 8VLQJ ÀLJKW Water Legacies of Conventional Mining. London: initiation distances of waterbirds for bird management Routledge. at the Barberspan Bird Sanctuary, South Africa 2ORODGH 2  6XVWDLQDEOH 'HYHORSPHQW $Q SDSHU . 41th$QQXDO0HHWLQJRIWKH:DWHUELUG6RFLHW\ Overview. In: Gurjar, BR, Rao, SY, and Govil, JN. Reykjavik, Iceland. 8-12 August. (GV  Environmental Science and Engineering Koual, R, Tilak, M-K, Weyer, N, Panaino, W, Fuller, Volume 1: Sustainable Development. Studium Press A, Avenant, N, and Delsuc, F. 2017. A metagenomic LLC, Houston, USA. approach for assessing the diet of ant-eating mammals Ololade, O, Esterhuyse, S, and Levine, AD. 2017. SDSHU th Oppenheimer De Beers Group Research The Water-Energy-Food Nexus from a South African &RQIHUHQFH 2UPRQGH -RKDQQHVEXUJ 6RXWK $IULFD Perspective. In: Salam, PA, Shrestha, S, Anal, AK, 2FWREHU DQG 3DQGD\ 93 (GV  Water-Energy-Food Nexus: Malindie, S. 2017. Stable isotope niche breadths of Theories and Practices$*8:LOH\+RERNHQ86$ herbivore populations in the South African grassland Turton, AR. 2017. Comparative Diagnostics for ELRPHH௺HFWVRIGHQVLW\DQGFRPPXQLW\FRPSRVLWLRQ 7UDQVERXQGDU\5LYHU%DVLQV'DYH3KLOOLSVDQG3XEOLF SDSHU th$QQXDO.LPEHUOH\%LRGLYHUVLW\5HVHDUFK Domain Data. In: McCafrey, SC, Murray, JS, and 6\PSRVLXP .%56  .LPEHUOH\ 6RXWK $IULFD  :RRGKRXVH0 (GV Promoting Equity, Cooperation 2FWREHU and Innovation in the Fields of Transboundary Waters Olalade, OO. 2017. Water-energy-food nexus: and Natural Resource Management: The Legacy of Dr a dynamic approach to security and sustainable David JH Phillips%RVWRQ%ULOO1LMKRႇ development SDSHU . 1st International Conference Turton, AR. 2017. Untying the Gordian Knot: Unintended RUJDQLVHGE\WKH&HQWUHIRU5HVHDUFK,QQRYDWLRQDQG &RQVHTXHQFHV RI :DWHU 3ROLF\ IRU WKH *ROG 0LQLQJ Development Ado. Ekiti, Nigeria. 15-18 August 2017. Industry in South Africa. In Brooks, DB, Nickum, JE, Ololade, OO. Water as an enabler of sustainable 7XUWRQ$5DQG(VWHUKX\VH6 (GV Water Legacies growth in African cities SDSHU /RFDO&OLPDWH6ROXWLRQV of Conventional Mining. London: Routledge. IRU$IULFD&RQJUHVV /R&6$IULFD (NXUKXOHQL6RXWK Conference Contributions Africa. 22-24 March. Brink, JD, Van Pletzen Vos, L, Thackeray, JF, and Ololade, OO. Sustainable resource use through Wurz, S. 2017. An analysis of the large mammal Water-Energy-Food Nexus analysis SDSHU th World remains of the 1985 – 1987 excavations at Klasies 6XVWDLQDELOLW\ )RUXP :6)  &DSH 7RZQ6RXWK River – evidence for bias in the samples from previous Africa. 27-28 January. excavations SRVWHU $VVRFLDWLRQRI6RXWKHUQ$IULFDQ Ololade, OO, Tshikalange, B, and Levine, AD. 2017. 3URIHVVLRQDO $UFKDHRORJLVWV $6$3$  &RQIHUHQFH Assessing the viability of producing biofuels using Pretoria, South Africa. 5-7 July. agricultural waste in South Africa SDSHU  th World Buschke, F. 2017. The conservation costs and 6XVWDLQDELOLW\ )RUXP :6)  &DSH 7RZQ6RXWK HFRQRPLFEHQH¿WVRIXVLQJELRGLYHUVLW\R௺VHWVWRPHHW Africa. 27-28 January. protected area targets in South African grasslands Pinceel, T, Buschke, F, Vanschoenwinkel, B, and SDSHU  th National Biodiversity Planning Forum. Brendonck, L. 2017. Climate change may impact the Skukuza Camp, Kruger National Park, South Africa. persistence of temporary pond crustaceans SDSHU  20-23 June. Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Codron, J, Avenant, N, and Codron, D. 2017. Population 2FHDQRJUDSK\ $6/2  &RQJUHVV +RQROXOX +DZDLL demographics of herbivores in Tswalu Kalahari Reserve 86$)HEUXDU\±0DUFK

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179179 ACADEMIC CENTRES Centre for Microscopy

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182 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 Mokoena, TP, Linganiso, EC, Swart, HC, Kumar, V, and SURSHUWLHV RI *DGRSHG =Q2 QDQRSDUWLFOHV E\ UHÀX[ 1WZDHDERUZD 20  &RRSHUDWLYH OXPLQHVFHQFH precipitation method. Results in Physics 7: 2022-2027. IURP ORZ WHPSHUDWXUH V\QWKHVL]HG Į$O O 

183 ACADEMIC CENTRES 6XVWDLQDEOH$JULFXOWXUH Rural Development and Extension

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV Dr JA van Niekerk Centre for Sustainable Agriculture, Rural Development and Extension Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 2163 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview $V SLRQHHU LQ WKH ÀHOG RI WUDLQLQJ SURIHVVLRQDOV LQ WKH DJULFXOWXUDO VHFWRU ZH UHDOLVHG WKDW VXVWDLQDEOH GHYHORSPHQW LV LQFUHDVLQJO\ JDLQLQJ PRPHQWXP DV DQ LPSHUDWLYH SDUWLFXODUO\ LQ WKH FRQWH[W RI WKH SRVW *RYHUQPHQW GHYHORSPHQW JRDOV 7R DGGUHVV WKH LQFUHDVLQJ GHPDQG IRU H[WHQVLRQ DQG DJULFXOWXUDO FDSDFLW\ DQG H[SHUWLVH GHYHORSPHQW ZH HPEDUNHG RQ WKH GHYHORSPHQWRIQHZDFDGHPLFTXDOLÀFDWLRQVGXULQJWKHDFDGHPLF \HDU 7KHVH QHZO\ GHYHORSHG 3*'LS DQG PDVWHU·V TXDOLÀFDWLRQV ZLOO EH LPSOHPHQWHGLQWKHDFDGHPLF\HDUDQGZLOODGGUHVVWKHGHYHORSPHQWRI DJULFXOWXUDOVSHFLDOLVWVWRVXSSRUWVXVWDLQDEOHDJULFXOWXUDOSUDFWLFHVZKLFKZLOOLQ UHWXUQVXSSRUWIRRGVHFXULW\DQGVRFLRHFRQRPLFGHYHORSPHQW :HDUHSURXGRIRXUPDVWHU·VVWXGHQWVZKRUHFHLYHGWKHLUGHJUHHVWKLV\HDU 7KHVH JUDGXDWHV IRUP SDUW RI D OHJDF\ RI DJULFXOWXUDO VSHFLDOLVWV ZKR KDYH FRPSOHWHGRXUIRXQGDWLRQTXDOLÀFDWLRQRIWKHSDVW\HDUV :HORRNIRUZDUGWRZHOFRPHQHZVWXGHQWVWRDIUHVKDQGUHYLHZHGFXUULFXOXP LQWKHDFDGHPLF\HDU

ACHIEVEMENTS 6WDႇ$FKLHYHPHQWV Dr Johan van Niekerk and Dr JW Swanepoel started Beyond academic excellence, the Centre for a study on good management practices that resulted 6XVWDLQDEOH$JULFXOWXUH DW WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI WKH )UHH in successful land-reform initiatives where agricultural State endeavours to interface with a wide range of H[WHQVLRQ SOD\HG D SLYRWDO UROH ,Q FROODERUDWLRQ ZLWK VWDNHKROGHUV WR FRQWULEXWH WR WKH RQJRLQJ GLVFRXUVH WKH )RRG DQG$JULFXOWXUH 2UJDQL]DWLRQ )$2  *KHQW +ODPDODQL 1JZHQ\D OHFWXUHU  UHSUHVHQWHG XV DW WKH University in Belgium, and SPACE Africa, successful 3rd edition of the International Women’s lunch, themed ODQGUHIRUP SURMHFWV ZHUH LGHQWL¿HG LQ ¿YH SURYLQFHV µ$SRVLWLYHFRQQHFWLRQDPRQJZRPHQ¶FHOHEUDWLQJWKH in South Africa. These projects were documented as stand that woman in SA took against apartheid laws FDVHVWXGLHVDQGIHHGEDFNZDVSURYLGHGLQDNH\QRWH more than 61 years ago. presentation at the National Extension Week during Dr JA van Niekerk and Hlamalani Ngwenya attended the D MRLQW FRQIHUHQFH UG $)$$6 $IULFDQ )RUXP IRU DQQXDO*)5$6$3(1,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFH $JULFXOWXUDO$GYLVRU\6HUYLFHV $IULFDZLGH$JULFXOWXUDO LQ $XVWUDOLD GXULQJ 6HSWHPEHU  7KH WKHPH IRU Extension Week and the 51st Annual Conference of this year’s conferences were, ‘Rural advisory services the South African Society for Agricultural Extension DQG HPSRZHUHG \RXWK IRU EDODQFHG WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ LQ 2FWREHU LQ 'XUEDQ .ZD=XOX1DWDO 7KH QDWLRQDO LQ UXUDO DQG XUEDQ FRPPXQLWLHV¶ DQG µ)DFLOLWDWLQJ Minister of Agriculture, Minister Zokwana, the acting EDODQFHG FKDQJH IRU UXUDO DQG XUEDQ FRPPXQLWLHV¶ Director-General of Agriculture, numerous MECs, and The development of the New Extensionist Learning 700 delegates from the agricultural sector all over Kit received much attention during this conference Africa attended this presentation. DQG KDV EHHQ RQH RI WKH ÀDJVKLS LQLWLDWLYHV RI WKH Dr JW Swanepoel represented the centre at the GFRAS Consortium on Extension Education and ,QWHUQDWLRQDO )RRG DQG $JULEXVLQHVV 0DQDJHPHQW Training since 2015. The New Extension concept is $VVRFLDWLRQ¶V ,)$0$  &RQIHUHQFH LQ 0LDPL )ORULGD in line with the concept of the agricultural innovation from 17 to 21 June. Currently in its 12th year of V\VWHPV7KHOHDUQLQJNLWZLWKPRGXOHVLVVXLWDEOH H[LVWHQFHWKHFRQIHUHQFHEULQJVWRJHWKHUSDUWLFLSDQWV IRUEOHQGHGDSSURDFKHVWRLQFOXGHIDFHWRIDFHRUVHOI from around the world to demonstrate their investigative GLUHFWHGOHDUQLQJ7KHNLWKDVEHHQGHYHORSHGWKURXJK DQG SUREOHPVROYLQJ VNLOOV LQ DQ HႇRUW WR SURYLGH a consultative process over a four-year period. During LQQRYDWLYH VROXWLRQV WR SUDFWLFDO SUREOHPV 'U -: the side event, ‘The New Extensionist Learning Kit: 6ZDQHSRHOGLGXVSURXGE\QRWRQO\SUHVHQWLQJUHVXOWV 1R ORQJHU D GUHDP EXW D UHDOLW\¶ 'U 9DQ 1LHNHUN from his PhD in the academic track of the conference, GHOLYHUHGDFRPSUHKHQVLYHRYHUYLHZRIWKH1(/. 1HZ EXWE\DOVREHLQJSDUWRIDQDGYDQFHGFDVHVWXG\WHDP ([WHQVLRQLVW /HDUQLQJ .LW  PDLQVWUHDPLQJ DQG 0UV representing South African Universities, which won 1JZHQ\DHODERUDWHGRQWKHVWUHQJWKHQLQJUHODWLRQVKLS IFAMA’s International Student Case Competition. implementation, and evaluation of the NELK.

185 Hlamalani Ngwenya was appointed deputy chair for led to further research initiatives and partnerships WKH&LWUXV,QGXVWU\7UXVW &,7 6KHZDVDOVRDSSRLQWHG EHWZHHQWKH8)6DQGQXPHURXVSULYDWHDQGDFDGHPLF DV DQ DPEDVVDGRU IRU WKH 1XႈHOG ,QWHUQDWLRQDO LQVWLWXWLRQV DFURVV (XURSH ZKLFK ZLOO EH IXUWKHU Scholarships programme. Ngwenya continues to investigated in 2018. pursue the PERFECT opportunity and hosts farmer- &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH WRIDUPHU H[FKDQJH HYHQWV EHWZHHQ ORFDO DQG international IDUPHUV $SULO 3(5)(&7LVXVHG The Chancellor’s Medal for outstanding service at local, as an acronym for Policies, Education, Research, national, and international level or for service to the Farming and Finance, Extension and Advisory UFS community, was awarded to Joyene S Isaacs, as Services, Communication and ICTs and Trade. QRPLQDWHGE\WKH&HQWUHIRU6XVWDLQDEOH$JULFXOWXUH 6KH DOVR DWWHQGHG WKH 1XႈHOG )DUPHU 6FKRODUVKLS Rural Development and Extension. &RQWHPSRUDU\ &RQIHUHQFH LQ %UD]LO 0DUFK   The Western Cape Department of Agriculture is ,Q2FWREHUVKHZDVLQYLWHGDVDSUHVHQWHUDQG UHFRJQLVHG ZRUOGZLGH IRU LWV LPSHFFDEOH UHFRUG RI resources person to Brussels, Belgium, for the Bayer service delivery, resulting in the Western Cape’s

186 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 STAFF MATTERS – Indicators of Nutritional Status among Historically 'LVDGYDQWDJHG $JULEXVLQHVV )DPLOLHV 6RXWK $IULFD To ensure that the language, writing, and research Journal of Nutrition and Food Security   FDSDELOLWLHV DQG VNLOOV RI VWXGHQWV DUH FRQWLQXRXVO\ developed, we contracted Kirsty Green and Anathi Swanepoel, JW, Van Niekerk, JA, and D’Hase, L. Silwana to focus on language and skills development,  7KH VRFLRHFRQRPLF SUR¿OH RI 8UEDQ IDUPLQJ ensuring the holistic development of our students. and non-farming households in the informal settlement Kirsty Green assists students with the data analysis of area of the Cape Town metropole in South Africa. their research projects. Starting 2018, we endeavour South African Journal of Agricultural Extension    to present Agricultural Extension on B-degree level, for 131-140. which Anathi Silwana will take the lead in teaching. Zwane, E, and Van Niekerk, JA. 2017. The perceptions RESEARCH OUTPUTS DQG$WWLWXGHVRI6PDOOVFDOH&DQH*URZHUV¶2ႇVSULQJ WRZDUGV )DUPLQJ DQG ,PSOLFDWLRQV IRU 6XVWDLQDELOLW\ 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV A case study of KwaZulu-Natal North Coast, South Ekepu, D, Tirivanhu, P, and Nampala, P. 2017. Africa. Journal of Human Ecology   Assessing farmer involvement in collective action for STAFF enhancing the sorghum value chain in Soroti, Uganda. South African Journal of Agricultural Extension    Director: Dr JA van Niekerk. 118-130. /HFWXUHUV5HVHDUFKHUV SHUPDQHQW  Dr JW Swanepoel Langa, T, Mutavhatsindi, TF, Baloyi, JJ, and Nkosi, and HJ Ngwenya. %'(ႇHFWVRID¿EURO\WLFHQ]\PHDQGEDFWHULDO /HFWXUHUV5HVHDUFKHUV SDUWWLPH  Prof E Zwane, Prof inoculants on the fermentation. Chemical composition F Neser, Prof CJ van Rooyen, Dr H Smit, Dr BD Nkosi, DQG DHURELF VWDELOLW\ RI HQVLOHG SRWDWR KDVK South Dr P Malan, Dr E Kotze, Dr JH Barnard, Dr N Fouché, African Journal of Animal Science      L Kruger, J van den Berg, K Green, and A Silwana. 252. 6HQLRU2ႈFHUV G Green and A Calitz. Sonandi, A, Zwane, EF, and Van Niekerk, JA. 2017. Feeding Practices, Food Variety, and Dietary Diversity 2ႈFHU R Coetzee.

187187 ACADEMIC CENTRES Paradys Experimental Farm

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV Prof FWC Neser Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 2211 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview

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ACHIEVEMENTS EUHHG EHFDXVH WKH\ DUH JHQHWLFDOO\ YHU\ GLYHUVH and well adapted to the environment. Animals $FWLYLWLHV sold from Paradys have adapted extremely well :HSUHVHQWIDUPHUV¶GD\VIRUVWXGHQWVDQGWKHSXEOLF to other areas in the country, which is a very rare WR FUHDWH DZDUHQHVV DQG SURYLGH LQIRUPDWLRQ DERXW occurrence. certain goods, services, and marketing: y&URVVEUHHGLQJ 'XULQJ WKH SDVW IRXU \HDUV WKH y/XFHUQH FURSIRUFXOWLYDWHGSDVWXUHV $IULNDQHU PDWHUQDO OLQH KDV EHHQ FURVVEUHG ZLWK 6LPPHQWDOHUDQG6LPEUDWRJHWDQXOWLPDWHEUHHG yPig production called the Afrisim, which increases the weaning y6WRFNWKHIWZLWK6$36 6RXWK$IULFDQ3ROLFH weight and provides an alternative market for 6HUYLFH selling wearers to feedlots. yBranding of animals y6HOHFWLYH EUHHGLQJ 7KH PDLQ KHUG KDV EHHQ VHOHFWLYHO\ EUHG XVLQJ H[FHOOHQW EXOO VWRFN WR y$JULFXOWXUDOHQJLQHHULQJ LUULJDWLRQV\VWHPV improve the genetic composition of the herd and y)HHGFDWDORJXH YDULRXVIHHGVDQGVXSSO\LQJ HVSHFLDOO\WKHELUWKZHLJKWDQGZHDQLQJZHLJKWRI FRPSDQLHV FDOYHV KLJKHU ZHLJKWV  WKHUHE\ HQVXULQJ RSWLPDO producing animals. yAnimal health 7KHFROOHFWLRQRIGDWDRQWKHVKHHSKHUG RESEARCH y5HSURGXFWLYH SHUIRUPDQFH7KH KHUG LV VXEMHFWHG We conduct various trials on the farm. WR H[FHOOHG PDWLQJ IUHTXHQF\ WKUHH ELUWKV LQ WZR 7KHFROOHFWLRQRIGDWDRQWKH$IULNDQHUFDWWOHEUHHG \HDUV  LQ RUGHU WR LQFUHDVH WKH UHSURGXFWLYH UDWH RIWKHKHUG7KHFRQFHSWLRQDQGODPELQJUDWHVDUH y)HUWLOLW\7KHDJHDWZKLFKWKHDQLPDOVUHDFKSXEHUW\ recorded to ensure that reproductive performance and the average fertility of the herd. increases. y*URZWK$VWKHSURGXFWLRQV\VWHPLVEDVHGRQDQ y(DUO\ ZHDQLQJ SUDFWLFHV /DPEV DUH ZHDQHG D ox-production system, the animals are regularly month sooner than usual and given various feeds ZHLJKHG WR DQDO\VH WKH TXDOLW\ DQG TXDQWLW\ RI WR GHWHUPLQH WKH EHVW IHHG DQG SUDFWLFH IRU HDUO\ YHOGIHGEHHI7KHDQLPDOVDUHDOVRJLYHQYDULRXV weaning. SURGXFWLRQOLFNWUHDWPHQWVWRGHWHUPLQHWKHHႇHFWLW has on their growth and feed conversion as well as y0LQHUDO VXSSOHPHQWDWLRQ 7KH HႇHFW RI PLQHUDO on their gestation period. VXSSOHPHQWDWLRQRQWKHKHUGKDVDOVREHHQWHVWHGDV ZHOODVWKHHႇHFWLWKDVRQUHSURGXFWLYHSHUIRUPDQFH yDNA sampling: DNA is collected from all animals The results show that mineral supplementation is ERUQ RQ WKH IDUP DV SDUW RI WKH $IULNDQHU &DWWOH needed for increased reproductive performance. Breeders’ Society in order to determine certain JHQHWLFPDUNHUVIRUJURZWKPLONTXDOLW\DQGTXDQWLW\ )HHGLQJWULDOVRQFDWWOHDQGVKHHS weaning weight, maternal and reproductive traits. y)HHGLQJ RI ZHDQHG ODPEV )RU IHHGORW SXUSRVHV y*HQHWLF EDVHOLQH7KH$IULNDQHU KHUG RQ WKH IDUP GLႇHUHQW W\SHV RI IHHG DUH WHVWHG RQ ODPEV WR DOVR VHUYHV DV JHQHWLF EDVHOLQH IRU WKH $IULNDQHU UHVHDUFKWKHHႇHFWLWKDVRQDQLPDOJURZWKDQGIHHG

189 FRQYHUVLRQ DPRXQW RI ZHLJKW JDLQHG  DPRXQW RI yCorrect animal handling: Showing and illustrating IHHGLQJHVWHG  the correct way to handle animals without causing stress or injury. y)HHGLQJ RI EXOOV IRU VODXJKWHU 7R UHVHDUFK WKH HFRQRPLF YLDELOLW\ RI IHHGLQJ $IULNDQHU EXOOV IRU yBreeding goals: Determining the type of production slaughter and determine the conversion of their V\VWHPUHTXLUHGDQGDGYLVLQJRQWKHEHVWSRVVLEOH feed. EUHHGDQGEUHHGLQJSODQWRIROORZDQGXVH yLick supplementation: Animals are given various yAnimal vaccinations: Teaching the correct way W\SHVRISURGXFWLRQOLFNWRUHVHDUFKWKHHႇHFWLWKDV of vaccinating, and the types of vaccination to on their growth and condition, and to determine the administer. HFRQRPLFYLDELOLW\RIVXSSOHPHQWLQJOLFNGXULQJWKH y$QLPDOEUDQGLQJDQGPDUNLQJ7HDFKLQJWKHFRUUHFW winter. ZD\RIPDUNLQJDQGEUDQGLQJDQLPDOV &URSSURGXFWLRQWULDOV y6WRFNPDQVKLS7UDLQLQJSHRSOHWRIDUPEHWWHUDQG y3ODQWHG SDVWXUHV LUULJDWLRQ  9DULRXV W\SHV RI produce livestock. perennial grasses are planted to research the production potential under irrigation and dry-matter yPractical days for schools: Schools visit the farm production. to familiarise students on the practical aspects of farming and the farming industry. y3ODQWHG SDVWXUHV GU\ODQG  9DULRXV W\SHV RI perennial grasses are planted to research the STAFF production potential in normal rainfall areas, and as Farm manager: J Barnard. D PHWKRG RI LPSURYLQJ WKH IRGGHU ÀRZ RQ QDWXUDO veld. $VVLVWDQW2ႈFHUAM Smith. Research assistant: JF McDonald. y'U\ODQG SURGXFWLRQ RI WHႇ IRU HႇHFWLYH IRGGHU production under various plant population densities. Research assistant:%0DG\LEL &RPPXQLW\6HUYLFH Farm workers: 0$ .KRHOH 7) .XEKHND 0$ .XEKHND/(0DTDOD300RULUKHOD<60RWVZDUL.3 We present the following community training: 5DPDWHNRDQH(06HERQ\DQH306RPL

190 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 191 ACADEMIC CENTRES Engineering Sciences

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV Louis Lagrange Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Engineering Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 7665 Fax: +27 51 401 7667 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview

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193 ACADEMIC CENTRES Institute for Groundwater Studies

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV Eelco Lukas Institute for Groundwater Studies Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 2793 Fax: +27 51 401 3005 (PDLO [email protected] Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview

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196 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 $OO WKH DSSOLFDWLRQV DUH VXEMHFW WR D VWULFW VHOHFWLRQ PhD students: Nicolette Vermaak, Josepha Zielke- process where the selection committee considers the Olivier, and Sage Ngoie. academic performance of the student, as well as their 3URI'DQLH9HUPHXOHQIURPWKH'HDQ¶V2ႈFH work experience. Dr T Kanyerere from the University of Western Cape. 7KH FRPSXOVRU\ DQQXDO ZLQWHU ¿HOG WULS IRU KRQRXUV and master’s students took place from 3 to 7 July The 2017 Annual Conference on IMWA, titled ‘Mine 2017 under the supervision of Fanie de Lange and Water and Circular Economy’ was held in Rauha, Paul Lourens. It is important to expose our students Lappeenranta, Finland, from 25 to 30 June 2017. to the practical issues of groundwater. They visited 0LQLQJ DQG UHOLDEOH PLQHZDWHU PDQDJHPHQW DUH RI Rustfontein Dam, the Barkley East area, and Virginia. crucial importance for the Finnish and worldwide mining industry. Circular economy means “closing the loop” STAFF MATTERS RI SURGXFW OLIHF\FOHV E\ LPSURYLQJ UHF\FOLQJ DQG UH use. In the case of mine water, this means that mining ,W ZDV ZLWK D VHQVH RI GLVEHOLHI WKDW ZH ELG IDUHZHOO ZDVWHV DQG PLQH ZDWHU DUH XVHG WR H[WUDFW YDOXDEOH WRDEHORYHGFROOHDJXHDQGIULHQG'U-RKDQYDQGHU PDWHULDOVVXFKDVPHWDOVIHUWLOLVHUVRUDEVRUEHQWVIRU 0HUZH ZKR SDVVHG DZD\ LQ  +H REWDLQHG KLV ZDVWHZDWHU SXUL¿FDWLRQ 'RFWRUDO VWXGHQWV -RVHSKD PhD degree in Geohydrology in 1982 and started Zielke-Olivier and Emmanuel Sakala, Paul Lourens, working as a researcher and lecturer at the institute Dr Francois Fourie, Dr Modreck Gomo, Prof Danie LQ  +H DOVR ZRUNHG IRU :DWHU$ႇDLUV EXW VRRQ Vermeulen from the IGS, and Henk Coetzee from realised where his roots were. Dr Van der Merwe the Council for Geoscience presented papers at the supervised a few MSc and PhD students and presented conference. the Groundwater Management Honours Module. We will miss his presence, insight, and innovative way of 'U 0RGUHFN *RPR ZDV LQYLWHG E\ WKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO thinking. 6FLHQWL¿F&RPPLWWHHWRGHOLYHUDQRUDOSUHVHQWDWLRQDW the 19th International Conference on Water Resources Management and Technology. The conference was KHOGLQ'XEDLIURPWR1RYHPEHU'U*RPR delivered a paper titled, ‘Assessment of Groundwater Chemistry and Quality Characteristics in Alluvial $TXLIHUDQGD6LQJOH3ODQH)UDFWXUHG5RFN$TXLIHULQ Bloemfontein, South Africa’. Dr Modreck Gomo attended the 18th :DWHU1HW :$5)6$*:36$ 6\PSRVLXP RQ ,QWHJUDWHG :DWHU Resources Development and Management: Innovative Technological Advances for Water Security in Eastern DQG 6RXWKHUQ$IULFD IURP  WR  2FWREHU  LQ Dr Van der Merwe and students 6ZDNRSPXQG1DPLELD7KHWKHPHRIWKHV\PSRVLXP was ‘Innovative Technological Advances of Water RESEARCH OUTPUTS Security in Eastern and Southern Africa’. The main REMHFWLYH RI WKH 6$'& 5HVHDUFK $JHQGD ZDV WR The 15th Biennial Groundwater Division Conference SURPRWH HYLGHQFHEDVHG LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI 6$'& with the theme ‘Change, Challenge and Opportunity’ water programmes and projects through multi- and ZDVKHOGDWWKH6SLHU:LQH(VWDWHLQ6WHOOHQERVFKIURP inter-disciplinary research, and synthesis of existing WR2FWREHU and new information, which will lead to a realisation of 7KHELHQQLDO*:'FRQIHUHQFHVKDYHEHHQFHQWUDOLQ the SADC developmental goals. The title of his paper was, ‘Preliminary Site Characterization of a Petroleum VKDULQJNQRZOHGJHDERXWJURXQGZDWHULQ6RXWK$IULFD +\GURFDUERQ*URXQGZDWHU¶. %HVLGHVJURXQGZDWHUVFLHQFHLWLVDERXWQHWZRUNLQJ exchanging ideas in preparation for the challenges that 5HVHDUFK$UWLFOHV VRRIWHQDFFRPSDQ\FKDQJHDQGHQDEOLQJSHRSOHWR Alkahtani, B, Atangana, A, and Koca, I. 2017. see the opportunities in the challenges. Several of our 1XPHULFDODQDO\VLVIRUWKH.OHLQ*RUGRQHTXDWLRQZLWK VWDႇPHPEHUVDQGVWXGHQWVSUHVHQWHGSDSHUVDWWKH mass parameter $GYDQFHV LQ 'L௺HUHQFH (TXDWLRQV conference. 291: 1-13. 6WDႇPHPEHUV3DXO/RXUHQV'U)UDQFRLV)RXULHDQG Alkahtani, B, Koca, I, and Atangana, A. 2017. New Amy Allwright. numerical analysis of Riemann-Liouville time-fractional MSc students: Marnus du Toit, Magiel Lourens, Suleen Schrödinger with power, exponential decay, and 9HUPDDV1LVKHQ*RYHQGHU1ZDELVD0DNLZDQHDQG 0LWWDJ/HႉHUODZVJournal of Nonlinear Sciences and Tumelo Mokgatle. Applications 10: 4231-4243.

197 Alkahtani, B, and Atangana, A. 2017. Generalized Gomez-Aguilar J, and Atangana, A. 2017. Fractional groundwater plume with degradation and rate-limited +XQWHU6D[WRQ HTXDWLRQ LQYROYLQJ SDUWLDO RSHUDWRUV VRUSWLRQ PRGHO ZLWK 0LWWDJ/HႉHU ODZ Results in ZLWKELRUGHULQ5LHPDQQ/LRXYLOOHDQG/LRXYLOOH&DSXWR Physics 7: 4398-4404. sense. European Physical Journal Plus   Alkahtani, B, Atangana A, and Koca, I. 2017. Novel *RPR0DQG9HUPHXOHQ3'$WUDQVERXQGDU\ analysis of the fractional Zika model using the Adams DTXLIHURISRWHQWLDOFRQFHUQLQ6RXWKHUQ$IULFDWater type predictor-corrector rule for non-singular and non- Policy 19: 1160-1171. local fractional operators. Journal of Nonlinear Science Kameni, S, Atangana, A, and Djida, J. 2017. Modelling and Applications 10: 3191-3200. WKH PRYHPHQW RI JURXQGZDWHU SROOXWLRQ ZLWK YDULDEOH Alkahtani, B, Atangana A, and Koca, I. 2017. New order derivative. Journal of Nonlinear Science, 10: nonlinear model of population growth. PLoS One 5422- 5432.    Koca, I, and Atangana, A. 2017. Solutions of cattaneo- $WDQJDQD $  )UDFWDOIUDFWLRQDO GLႇHUHQWLDWLRQ KULVWRY PRGHO RI HODVWLF KHDW GLႇXVLRQ ZLWK &DSXWR and integration: Connecting fractal calculus and IDEUL]LR DQG$WDQJDQD%DOHDQX IUDFWLRQDO GHULYDWLYHV fractional calculus to predict complex system. Chaos Thermal Science $  Solitons & Fractals 102: 396-406. Oke, S, and Fourie, FD. 2017. Guidelines to Atangana, A, and Alkahtani, B. 2017. Remarks on a JURXQGZDWHU YXOQHUDELOLW\ PDSSLQJ IRU 6XE6DKDUDQ JUHHQ IXQFWLRQV DSSURDFK WR GLႇXVLRQ PRGHOV ZLWK Africa. Groundwater for Sustainable Development 5: singular kernels in fading memories. Thermal Science 168-177.    Oke, SA, and Vermeulen, PD. 2017. Geochemical Atangana, A, and Baleanu, D. 2017. Application of Fixed Modelling and Remediation of Heavy Metals and 3RLQW 7KHRUHP IRU 6WDELOLW\ $QDO\VLV RI D 1RQOLQHDU Trace Elements from Artisanal Mines Discharge. Soil Schrodinger with Caputo-Liouville Derivative. Filomat & Sediment Contamination      2ZRODEL .0 DQG $WDQJDQD $  1XPHULFDO Atangana A, and Gomez-Aguilar, J. 2017. A new VLPXODWLRQRIQRQLQWHJHURUGHUV\VWHPLQVXEGLႇXVLYH GHULYDWLYH ZLWK QRUPDO GLVWULEXWLRQ NHUQHO 7KHRU\ GLႇXVLYH DQG VXSHUGLႇXVLYH VFHQDULRV Journal of methods and applications. Physica A: Statistical Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics 12: 031010- Mechanics and its Applications 476: 1-14. 1-031010-7. Atangana A, and Gomez-Aguilar, J. 2017. Hyperchaotic 2ZRODEL .0 DQG$WDQJDQD$  0DWKHPDWLFDO EHKDYLRXU REWDLQHG YLD D QRQORFDO RSHUDWRU ZLWK analysis and numerical simulation of two-component H[SRQHQWLDO GHFD\ DQG 0LWWDJ/HႉHU ODZV Chaos, system with non-integer-order derivative in high Solitons and Fractals 102: 285-294. dimensions. $GYDQFHVLQ'L௺HUHQFH(TXDWLRQV 2017: 223-1-223-24. Atangana A, and Koca, I. 2017. Model of Thin Viscous Fluid Sheet Flow within the Scope of Fractional 2ZRODEL .0 DQG $WDQJDQD $  $QDO\VLV RI Calculus: Fractional Derivative with and No Singular Mathematics and Numerical Pattern Formation in Kernel. Fundamenta Informaticiae 151: 145-159. 6XSHUGLႇXVLYH )UDFWLRQDO 0XOWLFRPSRQHQW 6\VWHP Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics *RPR0,EUDKLP.2

198 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 its groundwater dependency at the Modder River Aquifers in South Africa: Consolidation of Data government water scheme. Groundwater for Sources SDSHU WK%LHQQLDO*URXQGZDWHU'LYLVLRQ Sustainable Development 5: 216-228. &RQIHUHQFHDQG([KLELWLRQ6WHOOHQERVFK6RXWK$IULFD 2FWREHU 6SDQQHQEHUJ-0$WDQJDQD$DQG9HUPHXOHQ3' 2017. New non-linear model of groundwater recharge: Fourie, FD, Allwright, AJ, Makiwane, N, and Govender, Inclusion of memory, heterogeneity and visco-elasticity. N. 2017. Characterisation and Protection of Deep Open Geosciences 9: 436-441. Aquifers in South Africa: Characterisation SDSHU . 7RX¿N 0 DQG $WDQJDQD $  1HZ QXPHULFDO 15th Biennial Groundwater Division Conference and approximation of fractional derivative with non-local ([KLELWLRQ6WHOOHQERVFK6RXWK$IULFD2FWREHU and non-singular kernel: Application to chaotic models. Fourie, FD, and Vermaas, S. 2017. Using TLERT European Physical Journal Plus   6XUYH\V DQG ,Q¿OWUDWLRQ 7HVWV WR &KDUDFWHULVH WKH Wang, S, Du, S, Atangana, A, Lu, Z, and Liu, A. 2017. Unsaturated Zone and Assess the Groundwater Application of stationary wavelet entropy in pathological Recharge Potential SDSHU . 15th SAGA Biennial EUDLQ GHWHFWLRQ Multimedia Tools and Applications. &RQIHUHQFH DQG ([KLELWLRQ 6RPHUVHW :HVW 6RXWK 2016: 1-14. $IULFD6HSWHPEHU &KDSWHUVLQ%RRNV Gomo, M. 2017. Preliminary Site Characterization of a Petroleum Hydrocarbon Groundwater SDSHU . 18th Atangana, A, and Koca, I. 2017. On Uncertain- :DWHU1HW:$5)6$*:36$6\PSRVLXPRQ,QWHJUDWHG Fractional Modelling. The Future Way of Modelling Water Resources Development and Management, Real-World Problems. Advances in Real and Complex 6ZDNRSPXQG1DPLELD2FWREHU Analysis with Applications. 1st Edition. In Ruzhansky, 0-H&KR<$JDUZDO3DQG$UHD, HGV 6LQJDSRUH Gomo, M. 2017. Assessment of Groundwater %LUNKlXVHU SS  Chemistry and Quality Characteristics in Alluvial Aquifer and a Single Plane Fractured-Rock Aquifer in %RRN Bloemfontein, South Africa SDSHU . 19th International Atangana, A. 2017. Fractional Operators with Constant Conference on Water Resources Management and and Variable Order with Application to Geo-Hydrology. 7HFKQRORJ\'XEDL1RYHPEHU 1st Edition. United Kingdom, London, Academic Press, Lourens, M, and Fourie, FD. 2017. Establishing a Elsevier. Groundwater Baseline for Unconventional Gas Projects Conference Contributions in South Africa SDSHU  WK %LHQQLDO *URXQGZDWHU Allwright, A. 2017. 1XPHULFDO JURXQGZDWHU ÀRZ 'LYLVLRQ &RQIHUHQFH DQG ([KLELWLRQ 6WHOOHQERVFK modelling of a coal mine to improve the understanding 6RXWK$IULFD2FWREHU of mine water decant – 1000 piece puzzle SDSHU  Lourens, PJH, and Vermeulen, PD. 2017. Dewatering 15th Biennial Groundwater Division Conference and impacts of a South African underground coal ([KLELWLRQ6WHOOHQERVFK6RXWK$IULFD2FWREHU. mine SDSHU . 15th Biennial Groundwater Division Coetzee, H, Sakala, E, Fourie, FD, and Gomo, M. &RQIHUHQFH DQG ([KLELWLRQ 6SLHU :LQH (VWDWH 2017. Hydrogeological investigation of the Witbank, 6WHOOHQERVFK6RXWK$IULFD2FWREHU (UPHOR DQG +LJKYHOG &RDO¿HOGV ,PSOLFDWLRQV IRU WKH Lourens, PJH, and Vermeulen, PD. 2017. Dewatering subsurface transport and attenuation of acid mine Impacts of a South African Underground Coal Mine drainage SDSHU . 13th International Mine Water SDSHU . 13th IMWA Conference, Rauha, Finland. 25- Association Congress - Mine Water and Circular 30 June. Economy, Lappeenranta, Finland. 25-30 June. Mokgatle, T, and Fourie, FD. 2017. Groundwater Coetzee, H, Sakala, E, Fourie, FD, and Gomo, M. 2017. Exploration in the Tsineng Area, Northern Cape, Using Mapping surface sources of acid mine drainage using Airborne and Ground Geophysical Methods SDSHU  remote sensing: case study of the Witbank, Ermelo 15th Biennial Groundwater Division Conference and DQG +LJKYHOG FRDO¿HOGV SDSHU . 13th International ([KLELWLRQ6WHOOHQERVFK6RXWK$IULFD2FWREHU Mine Water Association Congress - Mine Water and Circular Economy, Lappeenranta, Finland. 25-30 June. Ngoie, S, and Fourie, FD. 2017. Development of an $UWL¿FLDO 1HXUDO 1HWZRUN IRU WKH 3UHGLFWLRQ RI 0LQH Du Toit, M, and Lourens, PJH. 2017. Post Mining Dewatering SDSHU . 15th Biennial Groundwater Aquifer testing at a South African Coal Mine SDSHU  'LYLVLRQ &RQIHUHQFH DQG ([KLELWLRQ 6WHOOHQERVFK 15th Biennial Groundwater Division Conference and 6RXWK$IULFD2FWREHU ([KLELWLRQ6WHOOHQERVFK6RXWK$IULFD2FWREHU. Sakala, E, Fourie, F, Gomo, M, and Coetzee, H. Fourie, FD, Allwright, AJ, Makiwane, N, and Govender, 2017. Hydrogeological Investigation of the Witbank, N. 2017. Characterisation and Protection of Deep (UPHOR DQG +LJKYHOG &RDO¿HOGV ,PSOLFDWLRQV IRU WKH

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200 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 201 DIVISIONS Electronics Division

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV AB Hugo Workshop: Electronics Division Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 2494 Fax: +27 51 401 2494 (PDLOKXJRDE#XIVDF]D Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview ,W ZDV RXU À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were for development projects. Some were new, and others were extensions of existing systems as well as the XSJUDGLQJRIROGHUV\VWHPVDVVKRZQLQWDEOHVDQG 2IDSRVVLEOHZRUNLQJKRXUVZHUHDFWLYHO\XVHG3HUFHQWDJHZLVHWKHDFWLYHXVDJHZDVFDOFXODWHG DW7KHSRVVLEOHKRXUVZHUHFDOFXODWHGDWKRXUVSHUGD\SHUSHUVRQSUHVHQW 7DEOHOLVWVGHSDUWPHQWVDQGGLYLVLRQVZKLFKPDGHXVHRIWKHVHUYLFHVRIWKH'LYLVLRQRI(OHFWURQLFV7KLVLV VKRZQLQ 'HSDUWPHQW  7RWDOWLPHVSHQW DQG 3HUFHQWDJHRI7RWDO 

TABLE 1 Department 7RWDO7LPH6SHQW Percentage Chemistry 1 138 18,95% Physics 1 035 17,24% Biotechnology 855 14,24% Internal Administration 725 12,07% Soil, Crop and Plant Sciences 604 10,06% Electronics 285 4,75% Plant Sciences 221 3,68% Institute for Groundwater Studies 163 2,71% Outside Work 153 2,55% Computer Sciences and Informatics 109 1,82% Geology 103 1,72% Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences 92 1,53% Genetics 76 1,26% Zoology and Entomology 75 1,24% Pharmacology 61 1,02% Instrumentation 56 0,93% Agricultural Economics 47 0,78% ICT Services 40 0,67% Geography 28 0,47% Virology 26 0,43% Physical Resources 22 0,37% 1DWLRQDO&RQWURO/DERUDWRU\ 17 0,28% Engineering Science 17 0,28% 8UEDQDQG5HJLRQDO3ODQQLQJ 10 0,17% Haematology and Cell Biology 9 0,15% Finance 9 0,15% Architecture 7 0,12% Centre for Environmental Management 6 0,10% KovsieFit 6 0,10% Centre for Microscopy 5 0,08% 'HDQ¶V2ႈFH 5 0,08% 7RWDO 6 005  203 TABLE 2 &RPSOHWHG3URMHFWV Department Apparatus [SUDFWLFXPEXLOGLQJXQLWV 1 x Fourier synthesiser Physics 1 x winch control 1 x power supply 1 x upgrade camera system Biotechnology 1 x autoclave 1 x door alarm [KHDWLQJFRROLQJV\VWHP Chemistry 1 x water-slit control [WLPHUIRUPLVWEHG Soil, Crop and Plant Sciences [FRQWUROIRUSRO\FDUERQDWHKRXVH 3 x glasshouse alarm system Plant Sciences 1 x freeze-drier 4 x maglocks IGS 1 x cell to gate Electronics [XQLYHUVDOFRQWUROERDUG

TABLE 3 8Q¿QLVKHG3URMHFWV Chemistry 1 x upgrade access control [FDUERQGLR[LGHDSSDUDWXV Physics 16 x practicum apparatus Computer Sciences and Informatics 1 x eye-tracking device Soil, Crop and Plant Sciences 1 x poison-spray unit 7LPHVSHQWRQWKHGLႇHUHQWIDFXOWLHV Natural and Agricultural Sciences 5 662 94,29% Other 343 5,71% A total of 1 589 hours was spent on development, 3 691 hours on maintenance, and 725 hours on administration: Maintenance 61,47% Development 26,46% Administration 12,07%

STAFF Head of Division: AB Hugo. Control technicians: I Basson, HJ Roodt, MH Jackson. Technical Assistant: Denver de Koker.

204 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 205 DIVISIONS Instrumentation

&RQWDFW'HWDLOV P Botes Workshop: Instrumentation Division Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State PO Box 339 | Bloemfontein 9300 | South Africa 7HOHSKRQH +27 51 401 2341 (PDLOERWHVSGV#XIVDF]D Website: www.ufs.ac.za 2017 Overview

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TABLE 1 Department 1XPEHURI:RUN2UGHUV Outside Work 204 Physics 37 Biotechnology 22 Soil, Crop and Plant Sciences 19 Electronics 18 Plant Sciences 18 Institute for Groundwater Studies 18 Chemistry 17 Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences 11 Zoology and Entomology 8 Pharmacology 7 1DWLRQDO&RQWURO/DERUDWRU\ 4 Geology 2 Centre for Microscopy 1 Computer Sciences and Informatics 1 7RWDO 387

TABLE 2 &RPSOHWHG3URMHFWV Department Apparatus 20 x foot pieces and stands 4 x PLD sample holders Physics [3HUVSH[FDELQHWV 3 x trolleys 2 x apparatus for thermal analysis Chemistry [IUDPHIRUFDUERQGLR[LGHDSSDUDWXV 20 x guinea pig cages 1DWLRQDO&RQWURO/DERUDWRU\ 2 x trolleys 10 x sample holders Soil, Crop and Plant Sciences 8 x tripod stands Biotechnology 1 x autoclave IGS [EDLOHUV Plant Sciences [FDELQHWIRUJODVVWXEHV

TABLE 3 8Q¿QLVKHG3URMHFWV Soil, Crop and Plant Sciences 1 x poison-spray unit

Goals for the new year: 2XU¿UVWJRDOLVWRSULRULWLVHWKHZRUNRIWKHXQLYHUVLW\DQGWRGHOLYHUDIULHQGO\VHUYLFHWRRXUFOLHQWV:H will also focus on improving productivity and time management.

207 Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Statistics

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210 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 LIST OF Acronyms A ASAB – Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour ABI – Applied Biosystems ASAPA – Association of Southern African Professional Archaeologists ACS – American Chemical Society ASAQS – Association for South African Quantity $')±$PVWHUGDP'HQVLW\)XQFWLRQDO 7KHRU\ Surveyors AEASA – Agricultural Economics Association of South ASFM – African Society of Forensic Medicine Africa ASLO – Association for the Sciences of Limnology and AETFAT – Association for the Taxonomic Study of the Oceanography Flora of Tropical Africa ASOCSA – Association of Schools of Construction of AFAAS – African Forum for Agricultural Advisory Southern Africa Services ASSAf – Academy of Science of South Africa AFFAS – African Forum for Agricultural Advisory Services ATDC – Africa Agricultural Technology Demonstration Centre AFRAS – African Arachnological Society ATKV – Afrikaanse Taal- en Kultuurvereniging AFMA – Animal Feed Manufacturers Association AWMS – Australasian Wildlife Management Society AGOA – African Growth and Opportunity Act B AfRota – Antigens and Reassortant Strains for Rotaviruses Circulating in Africa BAAFS – Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences AgriFoSe – Agriculture for Food Security in Africa BCI – Brain-computing Interface AGU – American Geophysical Union BCIS – Baccalaureus in Computer Information Systems $,±$UWL¿FLDO,QVHPLQDWLRQ BRICS – Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa ALFA – African Livestock Trade Fair BfR – Federal Institute for Risk Assessment AMI – Advanced Metals Initiative C AMNH – American Museum of Natural History CACTUSNET - International Cooperation Network on ANTPAS – Antarctic permafrost, periglacial processes Cactus Pear and soils CAD – Computer-assisted Drawing AP – Admission Point CAS – Chinese Academy of Sciences $3*&±$VLD3DFL¿F*UDLQV&RQIHUHQFH &%(3±&HUWL¿HG%XVLQHVV(ႈFLHQF\3URIHVVLRQDO ARC – Agricultural Research Council CBMSO – Centre for Molecular Biology ‘Severo Ochoa ARC-GCI – Agricultural Research Council Grain Crops Institute &&'&±&DPEULGJH&U\VWDOORJUDSKLF'DWD&HQWUH ARC-SGI – Agricultural Research Council Small Grain CCOA – Chinese Cereals and Oils Association Institute CEM – Centre for Environmental Management $5&923,±$JULFXOWXUDO5HVHDUFK&RXQFLO9HJHWDEOH &(0±&HUWL¿HG(QHUJ\0DQDJHU and Ornamental Plants Institute &(2±&KLHI([HFXWLYH2ႈFHU ARNTD – African Research Network for Neglected Tropical Diseases CHPC – Centre for High Performance Computing ARS-USDA – Agricultural Research Service – United CIMMYT – International Centre for the Improvement of States Department of Agriculture Wheat and Maize

211 CIT – Citrus Industry Trust '87±'XUEDQ8QLYHUVLW\RI7HFKQRORJ\ CLiPS – Computational Linguistics and E Psycholinguistics EAAP –European Federation of Animal Science CLSM – Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy ($6'±(XURSHDQ$VVRFLDWLRQIRUWKH6WXG\RI'LDEHWHV CNS – Central Nervous System ECS – Electrochemical Society CoGTA – Cooperative Governance and Traditional EDP – Edamame Development Programme $ႇDLUV EEG – Electroencephalography &21,&(7±1DWLRQDO6FLHQWL¿FDQG7HFKQLFDO5HVHDUFK Council EGU – European Geosciences Union CPD – Continuing professional development EMC – European Metallurgical Conference CPRR – Competitive Programme for Rated ENSO – El Niño–Southern Oscillation Researchers (2±(DUWK2EVHUYDWLRQ &58,6(±&HQWUHIRU5HJLRQDODQG8UEDQ,QQRYDWLRQ EPA – Elphick Proome Architects and Statistical Exploration ERA-MIN – European Research Area – Network on &6,/±&RPSXWLQJ6FLHQFH,QVWUXFWLRQDO/DEV the Industrial Handling of Raw &6,5±&RXQFLOIRU6FLHQWL¿FDQG,QGXVWULDO5HVHDUFK (62±(XURSHDQ6RXWKHUQ2EVHUYDWRU\ CSUR – Competitive Support for Unrated Researchers ESRC – Economic and Social Research Council CST-SA – Cereal Science and Technology, South ESRF – European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Africa ESSA – Entomological Society of Southern Africa CTA – Cherenkov Telescope Array EU – European Union CTL – Centre for Teaching and Learning, UFS EuChemS – European Chemical Society CUT – Central University of Technology (Y,'(1] ± (DUWK 2EVHUYDWLRQ %DVHG ,IRUPDWLRQ &:(3±&HUWL¿HG:DWHU(ႈFLHQF\3URIHVVLRQDO Products for Drought Risk Reduction on the National D Level DAAD – German Academic Exchange Service F '($±'HSDUWPHQWRI(QYLURQPHQWDO$ႇDLUV FAaWC – Forensic Alliance Against Wildlife Crime DESTEA – Department of Economic, Small Business FAO – Food and Agricultural Organisation 'HYHORSPHQW7RXULVPDQG(QYLURQPHQWDO$ႇDLUV FABI – Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute DFG – Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft FBIP – Foundational Biodiversity Information DFID – Department for International Development Programme DIFFER – Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy FEA – Female Entrepreneur Awards Research FEC – Fluid Electrical Conductivity DiMTEC – Disaster Management Training and FET – Further Education and Training Education Centre for Africa FEMA – Federal Emergency Management Agency DMISA – Disaster Management Institute of Southern Africa FHB – Fusarium Head Blight '1$±'HR[\ULERQXFOHLF$FLG )6/±)RUHQVLF6FLHQFH/DERUDWRU\ DoE – Department of Education FSPHRA – Free State Provincial Heritage Resources Agency DRD – Directorate for Research and Development G '506''LVDVWHU5LVN0DQDJHPHQWIRU6XVWDLQDEOH Development GCP – Good Clinical Practice '6&±'LႇHUHQWLDO6FDQQLQJ&DORULPHWU\ *&/3±*RRG&OLQLFDO/DERUDWRU\3UDFWLFH DST – Department of Science and Technology *&5)±*OREDO&KDOOHQJHV5HVHDUFK)XQG

212 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 *)$$6 ± *UDSKLWH )XUQDFH $WRPLF $EVRUSWLRQ Mildews Conference Spectroscopy IDC – Industrial Development Corporation *)5$6±*OREDO)RUXPIRU5XUDO$GYLVRU\6HUYLFHV IDF – International Dairy Federation GIS – Geographical information systems IDP – Integrated Development Planning GLYAT – Glycine-N-acyltransferase IEC – International Ethological Conference GMI – Groundwater Management Institute ,)$0$ ± ,QWHUQDWLRQDO )RRG DQG $JULEXVLQHVV GWD – Ground Water Division Management Association *636$±*OREDO:DWHU3DUWQHUVKLS6RXWKHUQ$IULFD IFHE – International Federation for Home Economics H IGOT – Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning HAART - Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment IGS – Institute for Groundwater Studies HCI – Human-computer Interaction IMC – International Mammalogical Conference hCG – Human Chorionic Gonadotropin IMWA – International Mine Water Association HE – Higher Education INRA – National Institute for Agricultural Research HEASA – High Energy Astrophysics in Southern Africa IPBES – Intergovernmental Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services HGSA – Human Genetics of South Africa IR – Infrared +,9$57  +XPDQ ,PPXQRGH¿FLHQF\ 9LUXV Antiretroviral Treatment ISDR – International Strategy for Disaster Reduction HS – Human Settlements ISO – International Organisation for Standardisation HPC – High-performance Computing ISOCARP – International Society of City and Regional Planners +3/&±+LJKSHUIRUPDQFH/LTXLG&KURPDWRJUDSK\ I IT – Information Technology IUCN – International Union for Conservation of Nature IAHS – International Association of Hydrological Science IUCr – International Union of Crystallography IBC – International Botanical Congress IUPAC – International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ICARDA – International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas K ICC – International Association for Cereal Sciences .$606 ± .LQHWLFDOO\$FWLYDWHG 6XEVXUIDFH 0LFURELDO and Technology Sampler ICC – International Convention Centre .%56±.LPEHUOH\%LRGLYHUVLW\5HVHDUFK6\PSRVLXP ICE – International Conference of Endocrinology .,&±.QRZOHGJH,QWHUFKDQJHDQG&ROODERUDWLRQ ICESD – International Conference on Environmental L Science and Development /$32$ ± /DERUDWRULR GH 3DWRORJLD GH 2UJDQLVPRV ICFR – Institute for Commercial Forestry Research $TXDWLFRV ICPAC – International Conference on Pure and Applied /&06/LTXLGFKURPDWRJUDSK\PDVVVSHFWURPHWU\ Chemistry Materials M ICPOW – International Congress on Parasites of MARUM – Centre for Marine Environmental Sciences, Wildlife University of Bremen, Germany ,&6'±,QRUJDQLF&U\VWDO6WUXFWXUH'DWDEDVH MEM – Master of Environmental Management ICT – Information and Communications Technology MMM – Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality ICID – International Commission on Irrigation and MOF – Metal Organic Framework Drainage MS – Mass Spectroscopy ICRC – International Cosmic Ray Conference 0:3±0]LPYXEX:DWHU3URMHFW ICRPMA – International Cereal Rust and Powdery

213 N R NDV – Newcastle disease virus RAiN – Regional Archives for Integrated Investigations 1'9,±1RUPDOLVHG'LႇHUHQFH9HJHWDWLRQ,QGH[ RCMI – Regional Challenges to Multidisciplinary Innovation NECSA – Nuclear Energy Corporation of South Africa RDP – Reconstruction and Development Programme NELK – New Extensionist Learning Kit RMRD SA – Red Meat Research Development South 1&/±1DWLRQDO&KHPLFDO/DERUDWRU\ Africa 1*6±1H[WJHQHUDWLRQVHTXHQFLQJ RPO – Red Meat Producers Organisation NMMU – Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University RUFORUM – Regional University Forum for Capacity NMR – Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Building in Agriculture NRF – National Research Foundation RSC – Royal Society of Chemistry NRF-FRF – National Research Foundation-FirstRand RWA – Russian Wheat Aphid Foundation S NRM – National Resource Management SAAB – South African Association of Botanists NSCF – National Natural Science Collections Facility SAAG – South African Association of Geomorphologists NSSA – Nematode Society of Southern Africa 6$$2±6RXWK$IULFDQ$VWURQRPLFDO2EVHUYDWRU\ NTD – Neglected Tropical Diseases SAASTA – South African Agency for Science and 1867±1DPLELD8QLYHUVLW\RI6FLHQFHDQG7HFKQRORJ\ Technology Advancement NWU – North-West University 6$&$3&$$ ± 6RXWK $IULFDQ &RXQFLO IRU WKH NZG – National Zoological Gardens Architectural Profession, Commonwealth Association of Architects O SACN – South African Cities Network 2$'±2ႈFHRI$VWURQRP\IRU'HYHORSPHQW SACPCMP – South African Council for Project and OAPA – Oregon Chapter of the American Planning Construction Management Professions Association SACPLAN – South African Council for Planners OES – Optical Emission Spectroscopy SACPVP – South African Council for the Property OLED – Organic Light-emission Devices Valuers Profession 23&:±2UJDQLVDWLRQIRUWKH3URKLELWLRQRI&KHPLFDO SADC – Southern African Development Community Weapons 6$'R&R/±6RXWK$IULFDQ'RSLQJ&RQWURO/DERUDWRU\ P 6$((&±6RXWK$IULFDQ(QHUJ\(ႈFLHQF\&RQIHUHQFH PACT – Pan African Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunication SAENSE – Screening Applications and Exploring Novelty in Specialised Environments PARSA – Parasitological Society of Southern Africa 6$(21 ± 6RXWK $IULFDQ (QYLURQPHQWDO 2EVHUYDWLRQ PCR – Polymerase Chain Reaction Network PERFECT – Policies, Education, Research, 6$)(;±6RXWK$IULFDQ)XWXUHV([FKDQJH Farming & Finance, Extension & Advisory Services, Communication & ICTs and Trade SAGA – South African Geophysical Association PGE – Platinum-group Elements SAIA – South African Institute of Architects PI – Principal Investigator SAICSIT – South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists PIOM – Principal Investigators Orientation Meeting SAIP – South African Institute of Physics POS – Point of Sale SAJAH – South African Journal of Art History PSA – Potato South Africa SALT – Southern African Large Telescope PSP – Prestige Scholar Programme SAMS – South African Mathematical Society

214 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 SANAP – South African National Antarctic Programme TUT – Tshwane University of Technology SANBI – South African National Biodiversity Institute TWAS – The World Academy of Sciences SANParks – South African National Parks U SANSA – South African National Survey of Arachnida UAV – Unmanned aerial vehicle SAPPA – South African Pecan Nut Producers 8&'±8QLYHUVLW\&ROOHJHRI'XEOLQ Association UCT – University of Cape Town SAPER – South African Planning Education Research UFH – University of Fort Hare SAPS – South African Police Service UFS – University of the Free State SARChI – South African Research Chairs Initiative 8-±8QLYHUVLW\RI-RKDQQHVEXUJ SAS – Statistical Analysis System UK – United Kingdom SAS – South African Statistical Association UKZN – University of KwaZulu-Natal SASAS – South African Society for Animal Sciences UM – University of Minnesota 6$6$T6±6RFLHW\RI$TXDWLF6FLHQWLVWV UN – United Nations SASRI – South African Sugarcane Research Institute 81&&' ± 8QLWHG 1DWLRQV &RQYHQWLRQ WR &RPEDW SASRN – South African Sclerotina Research Network 'HVHUWL¿FDWLRQ SASTA – South African Sugar Technologist’s UNEP – United Nations Environment Programme Association 81(6&2±8QLWHG1DWLRQV(GXFDWLRQDO6FLHQWL¿FDQG SAWMA – Southern African Wildlife Management Cultural Organisation Association UNFCCC – United Nations Framework Convention on SAWSS – Southern African Weed Science Society Climate Change SCA – School of Chief Architect UNISA – University of South Africa SDF - Spatial Development Frameworks 812&+$±8QLWHG1DWLRQV2ႈFHIRUWKH&RRUGLQDWLRQ RI+XPDQLWDULDQ$ႇDLUV SEM – Scanning electron microscope 81226$ ± 8QLWHG 1DWLRQV 2ႈFH IRU 2XWHU 6SDFH 6(0'6$±6RFLHW\IRU(QGRFULQRORJ\0HWDEROLVPDQG $ႇDLUV 'LDEHWHVRI6RXWK$IULFD UP – University of Pretoria SIMS – Secondary ion mass spectrometry UPP – University Preparation Programme 6/&L±6XE$QWDUFWLF/DQGVFDSH&OLPDWH,QWHUDFWLRQV USA – United States of America SSAJRP – Swiss-South Africa Joint Research Programme USAID – United States Agency for International Development STFC – Science and Technology Facilities Council USDA – United States Department of Agriculture 68±6WHOOHQERVFK8QLYHUVLW\ UV – Ultraviolet 6XEWURS ± 6RXWK $IULFDQ 6XEWURSLFDO *URZHUV¶ Association 899LV±8OWUDYLROHWYLVLEOH SVM – Support Vector Machine V SWAMP – Soil Water Management Programme VUT – Vaal University of Technology T W TEM – Transmission electron microscope WARFSA – Water Research Fund for Southern Africa TGA – Thermal Gravimetric Analysis WDS – World Dairy Summit TIA – Technology Innovation Agency WEEC – World Energy Engineers Conference THRIP – Technology and Human Resources for Wits – University of the Witwatersrand Industry Programme WRE – Water Resource and Environment 78++±7HFKQLFDO8QLYHUVLW\+DPEXUJ WRC – Water Research Commission

215 :6)±:RUOG6XVWDLQDELOLW\)RUXP Y X YAG – Yttrium aluminium garnet ;36±;UD\SKRWRHOHFWURQVSHFWURVFRS\ YPP – Young Planning Professional ;5'±;UD\'LႇUDFWLRQ Z ;5)±;UD\)OXRUHVFHQFH ZSSA – Zoological Society of Southern Africa

216 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017