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Annual Report 2017
3 CONTACT DETAILS Dean Prof Danie Vermeulen +27 51 401 2322 [email protected] MARKETING MANAGER ISSUED BY Ms Elfrieda Lötter Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences +27 51 401 2531 University of the Free State [email protected] EDITORIAL COMPILATION PHYSICAL ADDRESS Ms Elfrieda Lötter Room 9A, Biology Building, Main Campus, Bloemfontein LANGUAGE REVISION Dr Cindé Greyling and Elize Gouws POSTAL ADDRESS University of the Free State REVISION OF BIBLIOGRAPHICAL DATA PO Box 339 Dr Cindé Greyling Bloemfontein DESIGN, LAYOUT South Africa )LUHÀ\3XEOLFDWLRQV 3W\ /WG 9300 PRINTING Email: [email protected] SA Printgroup )DFXOW\ZHEVLWHZZZXIVDF]DQDWDJUL 4 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 CONTENT PREFACE Message from the Dean 7 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Agricultural Economics 12 Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences 18 Plant Sciences 26 Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences 42 BUILDING SCIENCES Architecture 50 Quantity Surveying and Construction Management 56 8UEDQDQG5HJLRQDO3ODQQLQJ NATURAL SCIENCES Chemistry 66 Computer Sciences and Informatics 80 Consumer Sciences 88 Genetics 92 Geography 100 Geology 106 Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Science 112 Mathematics and Applied Mathematics 116 Mathematics 120 0LFURELDO%LRFKHPLFDODQG)RRG%LRWHFKQRORJ\ Physics 136 Zoology and Entomology 154 5 Academic Centres Disaster Management Training and Education Centre of Africa - DiMTEC 164 Centre for Environmental Management - CEM 170 Centre for Microscopy 180 6XVWDLQDEOH$JULFXOWXUH5XUDO'HYHORSPHQWDQG([WHQVLRQ Paradys Experimental Farm 188 Engineering Sciences 192 Institute for Groundwater Studies 194 ACADEMIC SUPPORT UNITS Electronics Division 202 Instrumentation 206 STATISTICAL DATA Statistics 208 LIST OF ACRONYMS List of Acronyms 209 6 NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES REPORT 2017 0(66$*( from the '($1 ANNUAL REPORT 2016 will be remembered as one of the worst ±ZKHUHHDFKELQFRXOGFRQWDLQDXQLTXHSURGXFWDQG years for tertiary education in South Africa due once a product is there, it remains. -
DISSERTATION O Attribution
COPYRIGHT AND CITATION CONSIDERATIONS FOR THIS THESIS/ DISSERTATION o Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. o NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes. o ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. How to cite this thesis Surname, Initial(s). (2012). Title of the thesis or dissertation (Doctoral Thesis / Master’s Dissertation). Johannesburg: University of Johannesburg. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/102000/0002 (Accessed: 22 August 2017). Ethnobotanical uses, anatomical features, phytochemical properties, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity of the Sotho medicinal plant Searsia erosa (Anacardiaceae) BY Nhlamulo Nomsa Mashimbye Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Botany In Botany and Plant Biotechnology Faculty of Science University of Johannesburg Supervisor: Professor A Moteetee Co-supervisor: Dr A Oskolskii Co-supervisor: Professor S van Vuuren (University of the Witwatersrand) April, 2019 Dedication I dedicate this dissertation to my mothers, Mrs T. A Mashimbye and Mrs Maluleke for raising my child while I continued with my research project, my daughter R. T Maluleke for putting up with my absence, and God, without whom this would not have been possible. iii Acknowledgements I would like to express my deepest appreciation to the following people for their support and contribution toward the completion of this research project: • My supervisor, Prof, A. -
Tree Species Diversity of Agro- and Urban Ecosystems Within the Welgegund Atmospheric Measurement Station Fetch Region
Tree species diversity of agro- and urban ecosystems within the Welgegund Atmospheric Measurement Station fetch region L Knoetze 21215294 Dissertation submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Magister Scientiae in Environmental Sciences at the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University Supervisor: Prof SJ Siebert Co-supervisor: Dr DP Cilliers October 2017 DECLARATION I declare that the work presented in this Masters dissertation is my own work, that it has not been submitted for any degree or examination at any other university, and that all the sources I have used or quoted have been acknowledged by complete reference. Signature of the Student:………………………………………………………… Signature of the Supervisor:………………………………………………………. Signature of the Co-supervisor:………………………………………………………… i ABSTRACT Rapid worldwide urbanisation has noteworthy ecological outcomes that shape the patterns of global biodiversity. Habitat loss, fragmentation, biological invasions, climate- and land-use change, alter ecosystem functioning and contribute to the loss of biodiversity. This warrants the study of urban ecosystems and their surrounding environments since biodiversity is essential for economic success, ecosystem function and stability as well as human survival, due to the fact that it provides numerous ecosystem goods and services. Furthermore, agroecosystems are continuously expanding to meet human needs and play a distinctive role in supplying and demanding ecosystem services, consequently impacting biodiversity. With anthropogenic impacts on ecosystems increasing exponentially, pressure on ecosystem services are intensifying and ultimately unique urban environments that are perfect for the establishment of alien species is created. The proportion of native species in urban areas has increasingly been reduced due to urbanisation, while the proportion of alien species has markedly increased. -
Traditional Use of Medicinal Plants in South-Central Zimbabwe: Review and Perspectives Alfred Maroyi
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Springer - Publisher Connector Maroyi Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2013, 9:31 http://www.ethnobiomed.com/content/9/1/31 JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE REVIEW Open Access Traditional use of medicinal plants in south-central Zimbabwe: review and perspectives Alfred Maroyi Abstract Background: Traditional medicine has remained as the most affordable and easily accessible source of treatment in the primary healthcare system of resource poor communities in Zimbabwe. The local people have a long history of traditional plant usage for medicinal purposes. Despite the increasing acceptance of traditional medicine in Zimbabwe, this rich indigenous knowledge is not adequately documented. Documentation of plants used as traditional medicines is needed so that the knowledge can be preserved and the utilized plants conserved and used sustainably. The primary objective of this paper is to summarize information on traditional uses of medicinal plants in south-central Zimbabwe, identifying research gaps and suggesting perspectives for future research. Methods: This study is based on a review of the literature published in scientific journals, books, reports from national, regional and international organizations, theses, conference papers and other grey materials. Results: A total of 93 medicinal plant species representing 41 families and 77 genera are used in south-central Zimbabwe. These plant species are used to treat 18 diseases and disorder categories, with the highest number of species used for gastro-intestinal disorders, followed by sexually transmitted infections, cold, cough and sore throat and gynaecological problems. Shrubs and trees (38% each) were the primary sources of medicinal plants, followed by herbs (21%) and climbers (3%). -
Isolation and Characterization of Natural Products from Selected Rhus Species
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NATURAL PRODUCTS FROM SELECTED RHUS SPECIES MKHUSELI KOKI MTECH CHEMISTRY, CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy JUNE 2020 Department of Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences University of the Western Cape Supervisor: Prof. T.W Mabusela http://etd.uwc.ac.za/ ABSTRACT Searsia is the more recent name for the genus (Rhus) that contains over 250 individual species of flowering plants in the family Anacardiaceae. Research conducted on Searsia extracts to date indicates a promising potential for this plant group to provide renewable bioproducts with the following reported desirable bioactivities; antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antimalarial, antioxidant, antifibrogenic, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, antithrombin, antitumorigenic, cytotoxic, hypoglycaemic, and leukopenic (Rayne and Mazza, 2007, Salimi et al., 2015). Searsia glauca, Searsia lucida and Searsia laevigata were selected for this study. The aim of this study was to isolate, elucidate and evaluate the biological activity of natural products occurring in the plants selected. From the three Searsia species seven known terpenes were isolated and characterized using chromatographic techniques and spectroscopic techniques: Moronic acid (C1 & C5), 21β- hydroxylolean-12-en-3-one (C2), Lupeol (C11a), β-Amyrin (C11b & C10), α-amyrin (C11c) and a mixture β-Amyrin (C12a) and α-amyrin (C12b) of fatty acid ester. Six known flavonoids were isolated myricetin-3-O-β-galactopyranoside (C3), Rutin (C4), quercetin (C6), Apigenin (C7), Amentoflavone (C8), quercetin-3-O-β-glucoside (C9). The in vitro anti-diabetic activity of the extracts was investigated on selected carbohydrate digestive enzymes. The enzyme inhibition effect was conducted at 2.0 mg/ml for both carbohydrate digestive enzymes. -
Biodiversity Baseline & Impact Assessment
Biodiversity Baseline & Impact Assessment - Proposed Riverside View Expansion 84 Development Steyn City, Gauteng REFERENCE Riverside View CLIENT Prepared for: Prepared by: PRISM Environmental Management Services The Biodiversity Company De Wet Botha 420 Vale Ave. Ferndale, 2194 Tel.: +27 87 985 0951 Cell: +27 81 319 1225 Fax: +27 86 527 1965 [email protected] www.thebiodiversitycompanycom Biodiversity Baseline and Impact Assessment Riverside View Biodiversity Baseline & Impact Assessment - Proposed Riverside View Report Name Expansion 84 Development Submitted to Martinus Erasmus Report Writer (GIS, Botany) Martinus Erasmus (Cand Sci Nat) obtained his B-Tech degree in Nature Conservation in 2016 at the Tshwane University of Technology. Martinus has been conducting basic assessments and assisting specialists in the field during his studies since 2015. Lindi Steyn Report Writer Lindi Steyn has a PhD in Biodiversity and Conservation from the University of Johannesburg. She specialises in avifauna and has worked in this specialisation since 2013. Andrew Husted Andrew Husted is Pr Sci Nat registered (400213/11) in the following fields of practice: Report Reviewer Ecological Science, Environmental Science and Aquatic Science. Andrew is an Aquatic, Wetland and Biodiversity Specialist with more than 12 years’ experience in the environmental consulting field. Andrew has completed numerous wetland training courses, and is an accredited wetland practitioner, recognised by the DWS, and also the Mondi Wetlands programme as a competent wetland consultant. The Biodiversity Company and its associates operate as independent consultants under the auspice of the South African Council for Natural Scientific Professions. We declare that we have no affiliation with or vested financial interests in the proponent, other than for work performed under the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations, 2014 (as Declaration amended). -
A Plant Ecological Study and Management Plan for Mogale's Gate Biodiversity Centre, Gauteng
A PLANT ECOLOGICAL STUDY AND MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR MOGALE’S GATE BIODIVERSITY CENTRE, GAUTENG By Alistair Sean Tuckett submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in the subject ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA SUPERVISOR: PROF. L.R. BROWN DECEMBER 2013 “Like winds and sunsets, wild things were taken for granted until progress began to do away with them. Now we face the question whether a still higher 'standard of living' is worth its cost in things natural, wild and free. For us of the minority, the opportunity to see geese is more important that television.” Aldo Leopold 2 Abstract The Mogale’s Gate Biodiversity Centre is a 3 060 ha reserve located within the Gauteng province. The area comprises grassland with woodland patches in valleys and lower-lying areas. To develop a scientifically based management plan a detailed vegetation study was undertaken to identify and describe the different ecosystems present. From a TWINSPAN classification twelve plant communities, which can be grouped into nine major communities, were identified. A classification and description of the plant communities, as well as, a management plan are presented. The area comprises 80% grassland and 20% woodland with 109 different plant families. The centre has a grazing capacity of 5.7 ha/LSU with a moderate to good veld condition. From the results of this study it is clear that the area makes a significant contribution towards carbon storage with a total of 0.520 tC/ha/yr stored in all the plant communities. KEYWORDS Mogale’s Gate Biodiversity Centre, Braun-Blanquet, TWINSPAN, JUICE, GRAZE, floristic composition, carbon storage 3 Declaration I, Alistair Sean Tuckett, declare that “A PLANT ECOLOGICAL STUDY AND MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR MOGALE’S GATE BIODIVERSITY CENTRE, GAUTENG” is my own work and that all sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. -
NUMBERED TREE SPECIES LIST in SOUTH AFRICA CYATHEACEAE 1 Cyathea Dregei 2 Cyathea Capensis Var. Capensis ZAMIACEAE 3 Encephalart
NUMBERED TREE SPECIES LIST IN SOUTH AFRICA 23 Hyphaene coriacea CYATHEACEAE 24 Hyphaene petersiana 1 Cyathea dregei 25 Borassus aethiopum 2 Cyathea capensis var. capensis 26 Raphia australis 27 Jubaeopsis caffra ZAMIACEAE 3 Encephalartos altensteinii ASPHODELACEAE 3.1 Encephalartos eugene-maraisii 28 Aloe barberae 3.2 Encephalartos arenarius 28.1 Aloe arborescens 3.3 Encephalartos brevifoliolatus 28.2 Aloe africana 3.4 Encephalartos ferox 28.3 Aloe alooides 4 Encephalartos friderici-guilielmi 28.4 Aloe angelica 5 Encephalartos ghellinckii 28.5 Aloe candelabrum 5.1 Encephalartos inopinus 28.6 Aloe castanea 5.2 Encephalartos lanatus 28.7 Aloe comosa 6 Encephalartos laevifolius 28.8 Aloe excelsa var. excelsa 7 Encephalartos latifrons 29 Aloe dichotoma 8 Encephalartos senticosus 29.1 Aloe dolomitica 8.1 Encephalartos lehmannii 29.2 Aloe ferox 9 Encephalartos longifolius 29.3 Aloe khamiesensis 10 Encephalartos natalensis 29.4 Aloe littoralis 11 Encephalartos paucidentatus 29.5 Aloe marlothii subsp. marlothii 12 Encephalartos princeps 29.6 Aloe plicatilis 12.5 Encephalartos relictus 29.7 Aloe marlothii subsp. orientalis 13 Encephalartos transvenosus 30 Aloe pillansii 14 Encephalartos woodii 30.1 Aloe pluridens 14.1 Encephalartos heenanii 30.2 Aloe ramosissima 14.2 Encephalartos dyerianus 30.3 Aloe rupestris 14.3 Encephalartos middelburgensis 30.4 Aloe spicata 14.4 Encephalartos dolomiticus 30.5 Aloe speciosa 14.5 Encephalartos aemulans 30.6 Aloe spectabilis 14.6 Encephalartos hirsutus 30.7 Aloe thraskii 14.7 Encephalartos msinganus 14.8 Encephalartos -
Of Trees and Shrubs, Respectively, Over the Four Successive Roughly from July to Middle September, the Same Period Years Were Also Tested
African Journal of Range & Forage Science 2011, 28(3): 139–148 Copyright © NISC (Pty) Ltd Printed in South Africa — All rights reserved AFRICAN JOURNAL OF RANGE & FORAGE SCIENCE ISSN 1022–0119 EISSN 1727–9380 doi: 10.2989/10220119.2011.642075 Phenology of woody plants in riverine thicket and its impact on browse availability to game species BB Janecke* and GN Smit Animal, Wildlife and Grassland Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa * Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Received 26 July 2011, 8 November 2011 The study area was located in the central Free State Grassland biome, but the vegetation partially represented riparian thicket. Leaf carriage patterns of deciduous species were determined from September 2004 to August 2008. Similarities existed between Acacia karroo and Diospyros lycioides – mature leaves were present from October to April, with some dry leaves retained until June. Ziziphus mucronata had mature leaves from December to May with dry leaves retained until August. Mature leaves of Searsia pyroides were present from November to March and dry leaves until June. Though statistically non-significant, large A. karroo trees shed leaves faster than smaller trees. Differences were observed in phenology between years. Minimum temperature was strongly correlated with leaf phenology. Rainfall was weakly correlated with leaf phenology, though above-average rainfall resulted in increased growth of shoots and leaves. The few semi-deciduous shrubs retained mature leaves for longer periods, normally until September, and were extensively browsed. The winter-deciduous nature of woody species and absence of evergreen species have serious consequences for introduction of browsing game species on small fenced properties. -
Diversidad Genética Y Relaciones Filogenéticas De Orthopterygium Huaucui (A
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN MARCOS FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS E.A.P. DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Diversidad genética y relaciones filogenéticas de Orthopterygium Huaucui (A. Gray) Hemsley, una Anacardiaceae endémica de la vertiente occidental de la Cordillera de los Andes TESIS Para optar el Título Profesional de Biólogo con mención en Botánica AUTOR Víctor Alberto Jiménez Vásquez Lima – Perú 2014 UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN MARCOS (Universidad del Perú, Decana de América) FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA Y RELACIONES FILOGENÉTICAS DE ORTHOPTERYGIUM HUAUCUI (A. GRAY) HEMSLEY, UNA ANACARDIACEAE ENDÉMICA DE LA VERTIENTE OCCIDENTAL DE LA CORDILLERA DE LOS ANDES Tesis para optar al título profesional de Biólogo con mención en Botánica Bach. VICTOR ALBERTO JIMÉNEZ VÁSQUEZ Asesor: Dra. RINA LASTENIA RAMIREZ MESÍAS Lima – Perú 2014 … La batalla de la vida no siempre la gana el hombre más fuerte o el más ligero, porque tarde o temprano el hombre que gana es aquél que cree poder hacerlo. Christian Barnard (Médico sudafricano, realizó el primer transplante de corazón) Agradecimientos Para María Julia y Alberto, mis principales guías y amigos en esta travesía de más de 25 años, pasando por legos desgastados, lápices rotos, microscopios de juguete y análisis de ADN. Gracias por ayudarme a ver el camino. Para mis hermanos Verónica y Jesús, por conformar este inquebrantable equipo, muchas gracias. Seguiremos creciendo juntos. A mi asesora, Dra. Rina Ramírez, mi guía académica imprescindible en el desarrollo de esta investigación, gracias por sus lecciones, críticas y paciencia durante estos últimos cuatro años. A la Dra. Blanca León, gestora de la maravillosa idea de estudiar a las plantas endémicas del Perú y conocer los orígenes de la biodiversidad vegetal peruana. -
Vegetation Assessment for the Proposed Olifantsfontein Landfill Waste Management License
Vegetation Assessment for the proposed Olifantsfontein Landfill Waste Management License September 2020 Ina Venter Pr.Sci.Nat Botanical Science (400048/08) M.Sc. Botany trading as Kyllinga Consulting 53 Oakley Street, Rayton, 1001 [email protected] i Executive Summary Introduction Kyllinga Consulting has been appointed by EcoPartners to review the vegetation on the indicated areas on Portion and 41 and a portion of the Farm Olifantsfontein 410, Tembisa. The project includes the review of the vegetation assessment conducted by Natural Scientific Services on site in March 2011 as well as a desktop assessment and site visit to verify whether the assessment is still applicable to the site or whether the situation changed. The purpose of the assessment was to determine any changes to the vegetation since the last vegetation assessment and to provide updated empirical information related to the vegetation on the site. Methods The desktop assessment included review of the vegetation report by NSS (2011), various databases and the investigation of aerial photographs of the site, with the identification habitat units. The site visit took place on 8 September 2020 to ground truth the data obtained through the desktop assessment. The vegetation in each habitat unit was recorded along random transect walks. The assessment focused on the grassland unit since this is the most intact vegetation unit, but the vegetation in the disturbed areas dominated by alien species were also recorded. The results of the assessment were compared to the NSS assessment of 2011. Results The density of invasive woody species on site has increased since the assessment in 2011 and the site has formally been authorised as a landfill site. -
Antimycobacterial Activity and Low Cytotoxicity of Leaf Extracts of Some African
Antimycobacterial activity and low cytotoxicity of leaf extracts of some African Anacardiaceae tree species. Short Title: Antimycobacterial and cytotoxicity of Anacardiaceae tree species Prudence N. Kabongo-Kayoka1,2, Jacobus N. Eloff2, Chikwelu L. Obi3, Lyndy J. McGaw2 1Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Private Bag X 6, Florida 1710, South Africa; [email protected] 2Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa 3Division of Academic Affairs, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa *Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (P.N. Kabongo-Kayoka) Treatment of tuberculosis is a challenge due to multi and extremely drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Plant species contain antimicrobial compounds that may lead to new anti-TB drugs. Previous screening of some tree species from the Anacardiaceae family revealed the presence of antimicrobial activity, justifying further investigations. Leaf extracts of 15 Anacardiaceae tree species were screened for antimycobacterial activity using a twofold serial microdilution assay against the pathogenic Mycobacterium bovis and multidrug resistant M. tuberculosis and rapidly growing mycobacteria, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium fortuitum and Mycobacterium aurum. The vaccine strain, M. bovis and an avirulent strain, H37Ra M. tuberculosis, were also used. Cytotoxicity was assessed using a colorimetric assay against Vero kidney, human hepatoma and murine macrophage cells. Four out of 15 crude acetone extracts showed significant antimycobacterial activity with MIC varying from 50 to 100µg/mL. Searsia undulata had the highest activity against most mycobacteria, followed by Protorhus longifolia.