DOCSLIB.ORG

Phytochemical Appraisal and Effects of Aqueous Extract of Hypoestes Rosea on Haematological Parameters of Acetaminophen – Induced Toxicity in Albino Rats

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Phytochemical Appraisal and Effects of Aqueous Extract of Hypoestes Rosea on Haematological Parameters of Acetaminophen – Induced Toxicity in Albino Rats International Journal of Research and Reports in Hematology 3(1): 27-36, 2020; Article no.IJR2H.62051 Phytochemical Appraisal and Effects of Aqueous Extract of Hypoestes rosea on Haematological Parameters of Acetaminophen – Induced Toxicity in Albino Rats I. E. Ogregade1*, F. U. Igwe2, T. G. Davies1 and E. S. Bartimaeus1 1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. 2Department of Biochemistry, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration among all authors. Author ESB designed the study. Author FI wrote the protocol. Author TGD wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Author IEO managed the analyses of the study and the literature searches. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information Editor(s): (1) Dr. Dharmesh Chandra Sharma, G. R. Medical College & J. A. Hospital, India. Reviewers: (1) Albert Opoku, Nursing and Midwifery Training College, Kumasi, Ghana. (2) Szakacs Andrei-Radu, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sdiarticle4.com/review-history/62051 Received 10 August 2020 Accepted 17 October 2020 Original Research Article Published 30 October 2020 ABSTRACT Aim: The aim of this study was to conduct a phytochemical appraisal and evaluate the effects of aqueous extract of Hypoestes rosea on haematological parameters of acetaminophen – induced toxicity in albino rats. Study Design: This study is an experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Experimental Animal Unit of the Department of Human Physiology, University of Port- Harcourt, between June 2018 and December, 2019. Methodology: A total of 112 adult apparently healthy albino rats weighing (180-220 g) were used for this study, the rats were divided into six experimental groups of extract control (EC), negative control (NC), positive control (PC), AEHr100 mg/kg body weight (b w), AEHr 200 mg/kg b w., and AEHr 300 mg/kg b w. groups each of six rats. At the end of the study period, blood sample were taken through jugular vein under chloroform anaesthesia for the determination of haematological _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]; Ogregade et al.; IJR2H, 3(1): 27-36, 2020; Article no.IJR2H.62051 parameters (packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (HB), Red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet count (PLT), using an auto-analyzer (Sysmex KX-21n Auto-analyzer, Kobe, Japan). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23, and p-values less than 0.05 (P<.05) were considered statistically significant. Results: Results showed that phytochemical analyses, both qualitative and quantitative of Hypoestes rosea leaves revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids/steroids, saponins, carbohydrates and cardiac glycosides. Acetaminophen induction in albino rats caused anaemia as evidenced by significantly reduced PCV, HB, RBC and increased WBC levels. P<.05 in the PC group when compared with other experimental groups. However, various concentrations of aqueous extract of Hypoestes rosea in a dose dependent pattern at the different treatment phases at acute and sub-chronic period was able to restore the anaemia caused by acetaminophen induction to normal. Conclusion: In conclusion, Hypoestes rosea leaves possessed active ingredients and constituents in its phytochemical responsible for disease prevention and promotion of health. Acetaminophen induced toxicity caused anaemia and consumption of various concentrations of aqueous extracts of Hypoestes rosea at different treatment phases, experimental groups and duration of exposure helped restore normalcy. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that Hypoestes rosea has erythropoietic effects in albino rats and should be subjected to further studies using higher mammals. Keywords: Phytochemical; analysis; hypoestes rosea haematological parameters acetaminophen; toxicity rats. 1. INTRODUCTION plants, which provide health benefits for humans further than those attributed to macronutrients Plants have been used as a folkloric source of and micronutrients [8]. medicinal agents since the beginning of mankind. Hypoestes rosea locally called ‘Ogbuchi’ in Etche Phytochemical appraisal or analysis is the -1, Rivers State, Nigeria and commonly called extraction, screening and identification of “Polka Dot plant’is from the phylum medicinally active ingredients or substances Tracheophyta, class; Magnoliopsida, order; found in plants. Acetaminophen is generally safe Lamiales, family; Acanthaceaa, sub- family; at recommended doses but because the drug is Acanthoideae, Tribe; Ruellieae, sub- tribe; available without prescription, it is potentially Justiciinae and genus Hypoestes. Hypoestes more dangerous than other similar drugs when phyllostachya ‘rosea’ is found in most parts of used in excess or overdose [9] and may be West Africa and beyond used in treatment of injurious and deleterious to vital organs of the fever, malaria and anaemic conditions. The body affecting their functions and activities such reported medicinal uses of H. rosea by as the erythropoietic system. There are indigenous people in different parts of the world insufficient scientific data on phytochemical show considerable similarities [1,2]. Therefore, analysis of Hypoestes rosea and effects of Hypoestes rosea is one of such plants with aqueous extract of Hypoestes rosea on acclaimed folk medicinal usage and reported to haematological parameters in acetaminophen - possess anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti- induced toxicity in albino rats. malarial and antioxidant properties [3-5]. The leaves are therefore medicinal plant products 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS since it contains active organic ingredients employed in the treatment of diseases. Phytochemicals accumulate in different parts of 2.1 Plant Collection, Identification and plants, such as in the roots, stems, leaves, Authentication flowers, fruits or seeds [6]. It is well- known that Fresh Hypoestes rosea leaves were collected plants produce these chemicals to protect 0 0 themselves, but studies have demonstrated that from Ulakwo -1 in Etche LGA (4 59’ 27.00’’ N, 7 many phytochemicals can also protect human 03 16 00’’ E) Rivers state in Nigeria. It was against diseases [7]. identified by Dr. Osiyemi Seun 22/04/2019 with FHI no: 112295 at the Taxonomy section of the These phytochemicals are biologically active, Forest herbarium unit in the Forestry Research naturally occurring chemical compounds found in Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan. 28 Ogregade et al.; IJR2H, 3(1): 27-36, 2020; Article no.IJR2H.62051 2.1.1 Method of extraction and preparation of addition of 5 ml of 10% of dilute ammonia AEHr solution into each tube. To the test sample, was the careful addition of 1 ml of concentrated The leaves of Hypoestes rosea was removed sulphuric acid, a yellowish coloration of the from the stem, washed and air dried under shade solution was observed which indicated the at room temperature for fourteen days (2 weeks) presence of flavonoid in the test sample. and then milled into powder. 450 g of Hypoestes rosea powder were macerated in 1000 ml of To indicate the presence of the severity of water to dissolve for 48 hr in a flask, the extract flavonoids, the below symbols were used: was decanted and then filtered through Whatman No. 1 filter paper to obtain a clear extract. The + → Mildly present aqueous extract was further concentrated at ++ → Moderately present 60°C using a rotary evaporator and dried using a +++ → Highly present freezer drier. The resulting crude extract which weighed 214 g was stored in a refrigerator 2.3.2 Phytochemical qualitative analysis of maintained at 4-18°C until the analysis was over. alkaloids using wagner’s reagent [10] The extracts were later weighed and reconstituted in distilled water to give the 5 ml of the three leaves extracts were pipetted required doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body into three dry clean test tubes. 3 mls in drops of weight that were used in the study. Wagner’s reagent was introduced into each test tube. Homogenity of the mixture was ensured as 2.2 Collection of Experimental Animals the test tubes were shaken thoroughly. A and Acclimatization precipitate of the mixture was observed which indicated the presence of alkaloids. The severity Albino rats were considered the animals of of alkaloids was represented as described below: choice for this study because of its availability, cost, genetic makeup, its handling technique and + → Mildly present the nature of the study. Adult apparently healthy ++ → Moderately present albino rats weighing (180–220 grams) were +++ →Highly present used. The rats were purchased from the Experimental Animal Unit of the Department of 2.3.3 Phytochemical qualitative analysis of Human Physiology, University of Port- Harcourt. tannins using folin-denis’s reagent The rats were contained in conservative wire mesh cages under standard laboratory 1 ml each of the three leave extracts was conditions. After the collection of the animals, pipetted into three clean test tubes. Into the test they were weighed, identified and kept in wire sample in the test tubes was a drop of sodium gauge cages under favourable condition for two carbonate solution added, likewise was two weeks. The animals were receiving food and drops of Folin’s
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sinopsis De La Familia Acanthaceae En El Perú
    Revista Forestal del Perú, 34 (1): 21 - 40, (2019) ISSN 0556-6592 (Versión impresa) / ISSN 2523-1855 (Versión electrónica) © Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima-Perú DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21704/rfp.v34i1.1282 Sinopsis de la familia Acanthaceae en el Perú A synopsis of the family Acanthaceae in Peru Rosa M. Villanueva-Espinoza1, * y Florangel M. Condo1 Recibido: 03 marzo 2019 | Aceptado: 28 abril 2019 | Publicado en línea: 30 junio 2019 Citación: Villanueva-Espinoza, RM; Condo, FM. 2019. Sinopsis de la familia Acanthaceae en el Perú. Revista Forestal del Perú 34(1): 21-40. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21704/rfp.v34i1.1282 Resumen La familia Acanthaceae en el Perú solo ha sido revisada por Brako y Zarucchi en 1993, desde en- tonces, se ha generado nueva información sobre esta familia. El presente trabajo es una sinopsis de la familia Acanthaceae donde cuatro subfamilias (incluyendo Avicennioideae) y 38 géneros son reconocidos. El tratamiento de cada género incluye su distribución geográfica, número de especies, endemismo y carácteres diagnósticos. Un total de ocho nombres (Juruasia Lindau, Lo­ phostachys Pohl, Teliostachya Nees, Streblacanthus Kuntze, Blechum P. Browne, Habracanthus Nees, Cylindrosolenium Lindau, Hansteinia Oerst.) son subordinados como sinónimos y, tres especies endémicas son adicionadas para el país. Palabras clave: Acanthaceae, actualización, morfología, Perú, taxonomía Abstract The family Acanthaceae in Peru has just been reviewed by Brako and Zarruchi in 1993, since then, new information about this family has been generated. The present work is a synopsis of family Acanthaceae where four subfamilies (includying Avicennioideae) and 38 genera are recognized.
    [Show full text]
  • Acanthaceae), a New Chinese Endemic Genus Segregated from Justicia (Acanthaceae)
    Plant Diversity xxx (2016) 1e10 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Plant Diversity journal homepage: http://www.keaipublishing.com/en/journals/plant-diversity/ http://journal.kib.ac.cn Wuacanthus (Acanthaceae), a new Chinese endemic genus segregated from Justicia (Acanthaceae) * Yunfei Deng a, , Chunming Gao b, Nianhe Xia a, Hua Peng c a Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China b Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Wild Plant Resources Development and Application of Yellow River Delta, Facultyof Life Science, Binzhou University, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, People's Republic of China c Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China article info abstract Article history: A new genus, Wuacanthus Y.F. Deng, N.H. Xia & H. Peng (Acanthaceae), is described from the Hengduan Received 30 September 2016 Mountains, China. Wuacanthus is based on Wuacanthus microdontus (W.W.Sm.) Y.F. Deng, N.H. Xia & H. Received in revised form Peng, originally published in Justicia and then moved to Mananthes. The new genus is characterized by its 25 November 2016 shrub habit, strongly 2-lipped corolla, the 2-lobed upper lip, 3-lobed lower lip, 2 stamens, bithecous Accepted 25 November 2016 anthers, parallel thecae with two spurs at the base, 2 ovules in each locule, and the 4-seeded capsule. Available online xxx Phylogenetic analyses show that the new genus belongs to the Pseuderanthemum lineage in tribe Justi- cieae.
    [Show full text]
  • Hypoestes Aristata (Vahl) Sol
    Biol Res 43: 403-409, 2010 BHATT ET AL. Biol Res 43, 2010, 403-409 B403R The foliar trichomes of Hypoestes aristata (Vahl) Sol. ex Roem. & Schult var aristata (Acanthaceae) a widespread medicinal plant species in tropical sub-Saharan Africa: with comments on its possible phylogenetic significance A. Bhatt*, Y. Naidoo and A. Nicholas School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, KZN, 4000, South Africa ABSTRACT The micromorphology of foliar trichomes of Hypoestes aristata var. aristata was studied using stereo, light and scanning microscopy (SEM). This genus belongs to the advanced angiosperm family Acanthaceae, for which few micromorphological leaf studies exist. Results revealed both glandular and non-glandular trichomes, the latter being more abundant on leaf veins, particularly on the abaxial surface of very young leaves. With leaf maturity, the density of non-glandular trichomes decreased. Glandular trichomes were rare and of two types: long-stalked capitate and globose-like peltate trichomes. Capitate trichomes were observed only on the abaxial leaf surface, while peltate trichomes were distributed on both adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces. Key terms: Acanthaceae, Glandular trichomes, Hypoestes aristata var. aristata, medicinal plant, Scanning electron microscope. INTRODUCTION zygomorphic flowers supported by prominent bracts and producing explosive capsular fruits. Many studies have The Family Acanthaceae is a large and diverse family of further supported the placement of Hypoestes in a smaller dicotyledonous plants comprising about 202 genera and 3520 clade that includes the prominent genus Justicia (McDade species (Judd et al., 2008); although estimates vary from 2600 and Moody 1999).
    [Show full text]
  • TAXON:Ruellia Simplex C. Wright SCORE:20.0 RATING:High Risk
    TAXON: Ruellia simplex C. Wright SCORE: 20.0 RATING: High Risk Taxon: Ruellia simplex C. Wright Family: Acanthaceae Common Name(s): Britton's wild petunia Synonym(s): Ruellia brittoniana Leonard Mexican blue bells Ruellia coerulea Morong Mexican petunia Ruellia malacosperma Greenm. Spanish ladies Ruellia spectabilis Britton Ruellia tweedieana Griseb. Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: In Progress End Date: 8 May 2019 WRA Score: 20.0 Designation: H(HPWRA) Rating: High Risk Keywords: Ornamental Herb, Environmental Weed, Dense Cover, Spreads Vegetatively, Explosive Dehiscence Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0
    [Show full text]
  • New Species and Transfers Into Justicia (Acanthaceae) James Henrickson California State University, Los Angeles
    Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 12 | Issue 1 Article 6 1988 New Species and Transfers into Justicia (Acanthaceae) James Henrickson California State University, Los Angeles Patricia Hiriart Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Henrickson, James and Hiriart, Patricia (1988) "New Species and Transfers into Justicia (Acanthaceae)," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 12: Iss. 1, Article 6. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol12/iss1/6 ALISO 12(1), 1988, pp. 45-58 NEW SPECIES AND TRANSFERS INTO JUST/CIA (ACANTHACEAE) JAMES HENRICKSON Department ojBiology California State University Los Angeles, California 90032 AND PATRICIA HIRIART Herbario Nacional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Apartado Postal 70-367, Delegacion Coyoacan, Mexico, D.F., Mex ico ABSTRACT Justicia medrani and J. zopilot ensis are described as new species while Anisacanthus gonzalezii is transferred into Justicia. The triad all have floral venation similar to red, tubular-flowered species of Just icia, though they differ from most Justicia in their tricolporate pollen with distinct pseudocolpi. In pollen and anther characters they are similar to Anisacanthus and Carlowrightia, but they differ from these in corolla vascularization and anther presentation and from Carlowrightia in corolla size. As the three taxa do not appear to represent a monophyletic group, and as Stearn has placed taxa with similar pollen into what has become a holding genus, Justicia, we include these in Justicia by default until further studies can decipher relat ionships within the genus.
    [Show full text]
  • Acanthaceae Nelsonioideae Acanthoideae (Pseuderanthemum) (SYSTEMATIC STUDY of ACANTHACEAE, SUBFAMILIES NELSONIOIDEAE and A
    เทียมหทัย ชูพันธ์ : การศึกษาด้านอนุกรมวิธานของพรรณพืชวงศ์ Acanthaceae วงศ์ยอย่ Nelsonioideae และ Acanthoideae ( Pseuderanthemum ) ในประเทศไทย (SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF ACANTHACEAE, SUBFAMILIES NELSONIOIDEAE AND ACANTHOIDEAE ( PSEUDERANTHEMUM ), IN THAILAND) อาจารย์ทีFปรึกษา : ดร.พอล เจ โกรดิ, 479 หน้า. การศึกษาด้านอนุกรมวิธานของพรรณพืชวงศ์ Acanthaceae วงศ์ยอย่ Nelsonioideae และ Acanthoideae ( Pseuderanthemum ) ในประเทศไทย พบตัวอยางพืชทั่ NงสิNน 4 สกุล 45 แทกซา ในจํานวนนีNเป็นพืชถิFนเดียวของประเทศ 16 แทกซา โดยพบวาเป็นพืชทีFมีการรายงานเป็นครั่ Nงแรก และคาดวาจะเป็นพืชชนิดใหม่ ของโลก่ 3 แทกซา เป็นพืชปลูกเพืFอเป็นไม้ประดับ 4 แทกซา คือ Pseuderanthemum carruthersii P. laxiflorum P. metallicum P. reticulatum เพืFอเป็นสมุนไพร 1 แทกซา คือ P. “palatiferum ” นอกจากนีNได้จัดทํารูปวิธานระดับสกุล ระดับชนิด และแทกซา ให้ คําบรรยายลักษณะทางพฤกษศาสตร์ ภาพถ่ายและภาพวาด ระบุตัวอยางต้นแบบ่ ตัวอยางศึกษาและ่ เอกสารอ้างอิงตามหลักอนุกรมวิธาน พืชมีการกระจายพันธุ์อยูทั่ วประเทศในนิเวศของป่าหลายแบบF บางชนิดมีการกระจายพันธุ์กว้างและบางชนิดพบเฉพาะพืNนทีF ศึกษาลักษณะของปากใบ เซลล์เยืFอบุผิวใบ ซิสโทลิตท์ และรูปแบบการเรียงตัวของเส้นใบ พบวา่ ลักษณะทางกายวิภาคบางประการสามารถนํามาใช้จําแนกพืชในระดับสกุลได้ แตเป็นได้่ เพียงข้อมูลพืNนฐานของพืชแตละชนิด่ ศึกษาลักษณะเรณูของพืชด้วยกล้องจุลทรรศน์แบบใช้แสง และกล้องจุลทรรศน์อิเล็กตรอนแบบส่องกราด พบวา่ ลักษณะสัณฐานวิทยาของเรณูพืชสามารถ นํามาใช้จําแนกพืชในระดับสกุลและระดับทีFตํFากวาสกุลได้่ การวิเคราะห์สายสัมพันธ์ทางวิวัฒนาการของพืช จากลําดับนิวคลีโอไทด์ในไรโบโซมดี เอ็นเอ internal transcribed spacer (ITS) และคลอโรพลาสต์ดีเอ็นเอชนิด trnL-F
    [Show full text]
  • Lamiales – Synoptical Classification Vers
    Lamiales – Synoptical classification vers. 2.6.2 (in prog.) Updated: 12 April, 2016 A Synoptical Classification of the Lamiales Version 2.6.2 (This is a working document) Compiled by Richard Olmstead With the help of: D. Albach, P. Beardsley, D. Bedigian, B. Bremer, P. Cantino, J. Chau, J. L. Clark, B. Drew, P. Garnock- Jones, S. Grose (Heydler), R. Harley, H.-D. Ihlenfeldt, B. Li, L. Lohmann, S. Mathews, L. McDade, K. Müller, E. Norman, N. O’Leary, B. Oxelman, J. Reveal, R. Scotland, J. Smith, D. Tank, E. Tripp, S. Wagstaff, E. Wallander, A. Weber, A. Wolfe, A. Wortley, N. Young, M. Zjhra, and many others [estimated 25 families, 1041 genera, and ca. 21,878 species in Lamiales] The goal of this project is to produce a working infraordinal classification of the Lamiales to genus with information on distribution and species richness. All recognized taxa will be clades; adherence to Linnaean ranks is optional. Synonymy is very incomplete (comprehensive synonymy is not a goal of the project, but could be incorporated). Although I anticipate producing a publishable version of this classification at a future date, my near- term goal is to produce a web-accessible version, which will be available to the public and which will be updated regularly through input from systematists familiar with taxa within the Lamiales. For further information on the project and to provide information for future versions, please contact R. Olmstead via email at [email protected], or by regular mail at: Department of Biology, Box 355325, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Systematic Studies Ndemic Species of the Family
    SYSTEMATIC STUDIES NDEMIC SPECIES OF THE FAMILY ACANTHACEAE FROMeTHE NORTHERN AND PARTS OF CENTRAL WESTERN GHATS THESIS O GOA UNIVERSITY ARD OF DEGREE OF OF PHILOSOPHY IN TANY MARIA E STA MASCARENHAS DEP. TMENT OF BOTANY GOA UNIVERSITY GOA 403 206 JUNE 2010 SYSTEMATIC STUDIES ON THE ENDEMIC SPECIES OF THE FAMILY ACANTHACEAE FROM THE NORTHERN AND PARTS OF CENTRAL WESTERN GHATS THESIS SUBMITTED TO GOA UNIVERSITY FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN BOTANY BY MARIA EMILIA DA COSTA MASCARENHAS DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY EV3toll_ GOA UNIVERSITY GOA 403 206 JUNE 2010 "7— oc) STATEMENT As required by the University Ordinance 0.19.8 (ii), I state that the present thesis "Systematic Studies on the Endemic Species of the Family Acanthaceae from the Northern and parts of Central Western Ghats" is my original contribution and the same has not been submitted on any occasion for any other degree or diploma of this University or any other University/Institute. To the best of my knowledge, the present study is the first comprehensive work of its kind from the area mentioned. The literature related to the problem investigated has been cited. Due acknowledgments have been made wherever facilities and suggestions have been availed of. Place: Goa University (Maria Emilia da Costa Mascarenhas) Date: OS 04.. 02pl o Candidate CERTIFICATE As required by the University Ordinance 0. 19.8 (iv), this is to certify that the thesis entitled "Systematic Studies on the Endemic Species of the Family Acanthaceae from the Northern and parts of Central Western Ghats", submitted by Ms.
    [Show full text]
  • Journalofthreatenedtaxa
    OPEN ACCESS The Journal of Threatened Taxa fs dedfcated to bufldfng evfdence for conservafon globally by publfshfng peer-revfewed arfcles onlfne every month at a reasonably rapfd rate at www.threatenedtaxa.org . All arfcles publfshed fn JoTT are regfstered under Creafve Commons Atrfbufon 4.0 Internafonal Lfcense unless otherwfse menfoned. JoTT allows unrestrfcted use of arfcles fn any medfum, reproducfon, and dfstrfbufon by provfdfng adequate credft to the authors and the source of publfcafon. Journal of Threatened Taxa Bufldfng evfdence for conservafon globally www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Onlfne) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Prfnt) Artfcle Florfstfc dfversfty of Bhfmashankar Wfldlffe Sanctuary, northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, Indfa Savfta Sanjaykumar Rahangdale & Sanjaykumar Ramlal Rahangdale 26 August 2017 | Vol. 9| No. 8 | Pp. 10493–10527 10.11609/jot. 3074 .9. 8. 10493-10527 For Focus, Scope, Afms, Polfcfes and Gufdelfnes vfsft htp://threatenedtaxa.org/About_JoTT For Arfcle Submfssfon Gufdelfnes vfsft htp://threatenedtaxa.org/Submfssfon_Gufdelfnes For Polfcfes agafnst Scfenffc Mfsconduct vfsft htp://threatenedtaxa.org/JoTT_Polfcy_agafnst_Scfenffc_Mfsconduct For reprfnts contact <[email protected]> Publfsher/Host Partner Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 August 2017 | 9(8): 10493–10527 Article Floristic diversity of Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary, northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India Savita Sanjaykumar Rahangdale 1 & Sanjaykumar Ramlal Rahangdale2 ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) 1 Department of Botany, B.J. Arts, Commerce & Science College, Ale, Pune District, Maharashtra 412411, India 2 Department of Botany, A.W. Arts, Science & Commerce College, Otur, Pune District, Maharashtra 412409, India OPEN ACCESS 1 [email protected], 2 [email protected] (corresponding author) Abstract: Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary (BWS) is located on the crestline of the northern Western Ghats in Pune and Thane districts in Maharashtra State.
    [Show full text]
  • A Preliminary Study of Retinacular Sh Scotland and Vollesen (Acanthacea
    International Research Journal of Biological Sciences __________________________ _______ E-ISSN 2278-3202 Vol. 5(2), 30-35, February (201 6) Int. Res. J. Biological Sci. A preliminary study of Retinacular shape Variation in Acanthoideae Sensu Scotland and Vollesen (Acanthaceae) and its Phylogenetic significance Saikat Naskar Department of Botany, Barasat Govt. College, Barasat, Kolkata, 700124, India [email protected] Available online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me Received 31 st December 2015, revised 14 th January 2016, accepted 1st February 201 6 Abstract Retinacula are synapomorphic for Acanthoideae clade. Morphometric study of retinacula from the members of Acanthoideae has been done to understand the significance of its shape variation in phylogentic context. The monophyly of the sub -tribes Andrographina e and Barleriinae of Acanthoideae are supported by their unique kinds of retinacular shape. The overlapping distribution of the species of Ruellinae and Justiciinae in 2D scattered plot based on retinacular shape is also supported th e link between these two sub-tribes which was established by molecular phylogenetic studies. Therefore retinacular shape variations within Acanthoideae are important for its phylogenetic interpretation. Keywords: Reticaula, Shape variation, Acanthoideae. Introduction propel seeds away from the parent plants when fruit dehisce 8. The structural or shape variation of retinacula within the The sub-family Acanthoideae sensu Scotland and Vollesen members of Acanthoideae and its significance in phylogeny are (Acanthaceae) is characterized by the presence of Retinacula. not studied yet even though it is considered as sole 1 Lindau classified Acanthaceae into four subfamilies of which morphological synapomorphic character in Acanthoideae clade. Acanthoideae contains more than 95 percent of total species.
    [Show full text]
  • And Phylogenetic Significance Long Been Recognised (Bachmann, 1886
    BLUMEA 24 (1978) 101-117 Epidermalhairs of Acanthaceae Khwaja+J. Ahmad Plant Anatomy Laboratory, National Botanic Gardens, Lucknow-226001, India. Summary two belonging to Structure and distribution of the foliar epidermal hairs of 109 species and varieties 39 hairs have Acanthaceae have been studied. Both and non-glandularepidermal genera ofthe family glandular hairs The sub- been recorded in the investigated taxa. The glandular may be subsessile or long-stalked. Glandular head of Glandular head 2-celled, and ii) sessile glandular hairs are two types: i) panduriform, —8- more-celled. Subfamilies Nelsonioideae and Thunbergioideae are character- globular or disc-shaped, 2 or hairs i«*H hv thfi nanduriform hairs, while Mendoncioideae and Acanthoideae have glandular with a globular also only in nine species. Non-glandular hairs are widely head. Long-stalked glandular hairs are present or multicellular are in all but ten They be unicellular, distributed in the family; they present species. may the hairs are of at species uniseriate; rarely they are branched. Though non-glandular diagnosticimportance The like Barleria, and Äphelandra, are quite characteristic. present level only, in some genera Ruttya,, they delimitation of the family Acanthaceae, involving the transfer study does not support Bremekamp's (1965) and the of his subfamilies Thunber- Nelsonioideae to raising of Lindau's (1895) subfamily Scrophulariaceae, rank of families. the retention of Nelsonioideae, gioideae and Mendoncioideae to the independent Instead, Acanthaceae is favoured. Thunbergioideae, Mendoncioideae, and Acanthoideae within the family Introduction The taxonomic and phylogenetic significance of trichomes has long been recognised number ofworkers Solereder, 2 Cowan, by a (Bachmann, 1886; 1908; Cooper, 193 ! 195°! According to Carlquist Metcalfe & Chalk, 1950; Goodspeed, 1954; and Sporne, 1956).
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Leaf Anatomy of Selected Medicinal Plants in Acanthaceae
    IMJM Volume 17 Special Issue No 2 Comparative Leaf Anatomy of Selected Medicinal Plants in Acanthaceae Che Nurul Aini Che Amri1, Nur Shuhada Tajudin1, Rozilawati Shahari1, Fatin Munirah Azmi1, Noraini Talip 2, Abdul Latiff Mohamad2 1Dept. of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan. 2School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences ,Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. ABSTRACT Comparative leaf anatomy study were conducted in three taxa of Acanthaceae from peninsular Malaysia. Three chosen taxa were Acanthus ebracreatus (Vahl), Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees and Chroesthes longifolia (Wight) B. Hansen which is commonly used as traditional medicine especially in peninsular Malaysia. The main objective is to identify the leaf anatomical characteristics that can be used in plant identification and also for supportive data in plant classification. The procedures involved such as cross section using sliding microtome on the petiole, lamina, midribs and marginal, leaf clearing and observation under light microscope. Results have shown the similarities and variations in leaf anatomical characteristics. The anatomical characteristics observed include petiole and midrib outlines, patterns of petiole and midrib vascular bundles, presence of cystolith cells, presence of hypodermis layers in lamina and presence and types of trichomes. In conclusion, results showed that anatomical characteristics have taxonomic significance that can be used in classification especially at species level. INTRODUCTION Previous research by one of the earliest Muslim least 3000 species in some 250 genera with centre known as Al-Dinawari contributed knowledge in of distributions in Indo-Malaysia, Africa (including botany especially flora in Arabia. His research is Madagascar), northern South America, Central considered to be as one the most comprehensive and America and Mexico; with thirty-five genera being methodical philologically-oriented work in botany.
    [Show full text]