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Maps Showing Mineral Resource Assessment for Copper And U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MAPS SHOWING MINERAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT FOR COPPER AND MOLYBDENUM IN PORPHYRY AND STOCKWORK DEPOSITS AND FOR TUNGSTEN, IRON, GOLD, COPPER, AND SILVER IN SKARN DEPOSITS, DILLON 1 o x 2° QUADRANGLE, IDAHO AND MONTANA 1 1 2 1 1 By R.C. Pearson , C.M. Trautwein , S.H. Moll , B.R. Berger , W.F. Hanna , J.S. 1 3 Loent, L.C. Rowan , E.T. Ruppel , and D.B. Segafl 1 U.S. Geological survey 2 TGS Technology, Inc. 3 Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology S2 5z ..... 0 X f\:) 0 ..... i':l (J1 0 0 0 0 ..... i:j, 0 0 0 0 0 MISCEI.l.ANEOUS INVESTIGATIONS SERIES Published by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1992 T..... 00 0 6 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MISCELLANEOUS INVESTIGATIONS SERIES U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MAP 1-1803-G PAMPHLET MAPS SHOWING MINERAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT FOR COPPER AND MOLYBDENUM IN PORPHYRY AND STOCKWORK DEPOSITS· AND FOR TUNGSTEN, IRON, GOLD, COPPER, AND SILVER IN SKARN DEPOSITS, DILLON l 0 x2° QUADRANGLE, IDAHO AND MONTANA By 2 R. C. Pearson\ C. M. Trautwein\ S. H. Moll , B. R~ Berger\ W. F. Hanna\ J. S. Loen\ L. C. Rowan 1 , E. T.. Ruppel 3 , and. D. B. Segal 1 CUSMAP (Swanson, 1970; Wodzicki andKrason, 1981); and certain nonmetallic. minerals, including bulk commodities such This report is one of a series of reports that present, as sand and gravel, are in large supply and thus not chiefly with maps at a scale of 1:250,000 and 1:500,000, considered. various aspects of the geology, geochemistry, geophysics, The ·mineral resource assessment discussed in this and mineral resources of the Dillon 1°X2° quadrangle, report considers two deposit types: (1) porphyry or stock­ southwestern Montana and east-central Idaho (fig. 1). work deposits of copper. and molybdenum (referred to These studies were made largely under the Conterminous generally in this report as porphyry deposits) and (2) skarn United States Mineral Assessment Program (CUSMAP), deposits of tungsten, iron, gold, copper, and silver. Com­ the primary purpose of which is to determine the mineral bining copper and molybenum porphyry deposits into a resource potential of selected ·1 °X2° quadrangles by means single deposit type is believed necessary for this purpose· of a multidisciplinary approach. CUSMAP is intended to mainly because the two metals are found together in most provide information on mineral resources to assist Federal, .deposits in the quadrangle, a geochemical signature unique state, and local governments in formulating minerals to each has not been determined, and the significant policy and land-use policy and to produce sound scientific petrologic characteristics of many associated plutons are data that may be of value to private industry and the not well known, especially characterist~cs of subsurface general public in mineral exploration and development. plutons whose presence is .inferred from geophysical data. In assessing mineral resources,· we have adopted a general philosophy similar to that of Harrison and others INTRODUCTION (19S6). We attempt to identify those parts of the quadran­ gle that are favorable for the occurrence of mineral This report is one of several in the series that assess the resources. We do not attempt to locate specific exploration mineral resources of the Dillon quadrangle. For the targets nor to determine the quantity of reserves or purpose of the assessment, mineral deposits· in the quad­ resources present. rangle that are either known or suspected from a knowl­ edge of the geologic setting have been grou~d into 30 deposit types on the basis of mineralogy, commodity, or GEOLOGIC SETTING structural or depositional setting. The emphasis in these assessment reports is on metallic minerals, but some The Dillon quadrangle comprises two major tectonic important nonmetallic minerals will also be assessed. provinces: the Montana thrust belt occupies approximately Fossil fuels are beyond the scope of this investigation; the western two-thirds of the quadrangle, and the North phosphate and uranium have been investigated previously American craton occupies the eastern one-third (fig. 2). Rocks of both provinces are ·similar stratigraphically and 1U.S. Geological Survey temporally and include crystalline basement, mainly of 2TGS Technology, Inc. Archean age; sedimentary strata of Proterozoic, PaleozoiC, 3Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology and Mesozoic age; igneous rocks, both intrusive and 1 1080 1060 _____ , -----lJ.B.:__,. ----,--------r---------r114° 112° 110C:.-------,--------r . \' Ir I . .: \ I I I I ' 48°L I I \ I \ • Uver Peak I > ' I ''\ \ \ I ', \ MONTANA \ : ""• \ \ IDAHO -1 46°\-- \ '') \ I ' I Immigrant l-------j I e I ~---------- I I ,--f--~--------- l I 440)r- I I I 0 50 100 150 MILES I ,,.,,,I I I I I 0 50 100 150 200 KILOMETERS Figure 1. Index map showing location of Dillon 1°X2° quadrangle and Idaho-Montana porphyry belt and some molybdenum and (or) copper porphyry deposits (dots) outside the Dillon quadrangle. From Armstrong and others ( 1978) and Rostad ( 1978). extrusive, mostly of late Mesozoic and early Cenozoic anticline in the south-central part of the quadrangle, where age; and basin-fill, glacial, and alluvial deposits of Ceno­ it is probably Archean, and in small fault blocks in the zoic age. northeastern Pioneer Mountains and on Bloody Dick The ·1 :250,000-scale geologic map shown on maps S Creek along the south boundary of the quadrangle, where and T is a preliminary map of the. quadrangle by Ruppel U/Pb and Rb/Sr age-determination techniques indicate that the rocks are Early Proterozoic (Arth and others, 1986; and others (1983) and because of the scale does not show R.E. Zartman, written commun., .1984). All three of these all of the geologic features mentioned in this report. The exposed masses within the thrust belt may be allochtho­ preliminary map was generalized, and a computer plot of nous. the generalized map is shown as maps A and J to illustrate Middle Proterozoic rocks, primarily the Belt Super.: the digitized geology as it was used in the mineral resource group and Lemhi Group, are exposed mainly in the thrust assessment. belt. They are in fault contact with the crystalline base­ The crystalline basement is widely exposed on the ment, and hence. their depositional bases are not exposed. craton, and, where its age has been determined, it is Proterozoic intrusive rocks, in addition to the mafic dikes Archean, except for Pr~terozoic mafic dikes (James and in the craton, are represented by granite plutons (Evans Hedge, 1980). The age of crystalline basement ·in the and Zartman, 1981) that intruded the Yellowjacket For­ Highland Mountains is not known. In the thrust beit, the mation in the Salmon River Mountains along the west side basement is exposed only in the core of the Armstead of the quadrangle. 2 10 20 30 MILES ~.-·~jr-TI~j ~jr-T1 i-,jrLI.-~j~1 ~;~! 10 20 30 40 KILOMETERS EXPLANATION Craton Frontal fold and thrust zone Grasshopper thrust plate Medicine Lodge .thrust plate Autochthonous Yellowjacket Formation Steep fault .......__.. Thrust fault-Dashed where inferred; queried where doubtful Figure 2. Tectonic province map of Dillon 1°X2° quadrangJe, Idaho and Montana. Modified from Ruppel and Lopez (1984). Igneous rocks and surficial deposits not shown~ The Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata are widely distrib­ marine Paleozoic units, are partly the result of telescoping uted on the craton part of the quadrangle, where the basal by the thrusts. unit (the Middle Cambrian Flathead Sandstone nearly Phanerozoic igneous rocks in the quadrangle (named ~veryplace) is in depositional contact with the crystalline according to the das·sification ofStreckeisen; 1976) are of basement, and in the eastern part of the thrust belt, where Late Cretaceous and Tertiary age. The Phanerozoic plu­ their base is in depositional contact with Middle Protero­ tons a~e mainly of intermediate composition but range zoic strata. Changes in sedimentary facies from the craton from hornblende gabbro, through gnm~diorite and ~on­ westward into the thrust belt, especially of some of the zogranite, to biotite-muscovite gran~te, . and they have 3 calc-alkalic affinities. They intrude all older major groups east of the quadrangle. The assignment of some plutons to of rocks, especially in the north half of the quadrangle. the Pioneer or to the Boulder batholith is not clear-cut .The only part of the quadrangle without these plutons is since they seem to overlap spatially in the region around the southeastern 20 percent. Cretaceous volcanic rocks are Divide, Mont. Furthermore, age determinations suggest a associated with the Cretaceous plutons locally in the considerable, and perhaps complete, overlap of the Boul­ northeastern and central parts of the quadrangle. Volcanic der and Pioneer batholiths in time of emplacement, al­ rocks of Tertiary age are present in isolated patches mainly though additional modem studies of the Boulder batholith in a north-trending belt through the middle of the quad­ are needed. Arth and others (1986) suggest that differences rangle but also in the southwest comer, along the west in strontium isotopes in several plutons distinguish the two edge, and as small masses in many other parts of the batholiths. Butte Quartz Monzonite of the Boulder batho­ quadrangle. lith is the pre-eminent large pluton, comparable to, though · Tertiary deposits that fill the basins and locally cap considerably larger than, the Uphill Creek Granodiorite of upland areas are commonly from less than one hundred to the Pioneer batholith. The range in age of the Boulder many thousands of feet thick and contain a major pyro­ batholith is about 70-80. Ma (Smedes and others, 1988) clastic component (e~pecially in tuffaceous mudstone); and, in general, the more mafic rocks are older.
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