THE HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT's
The Houston Fire Department is a professional organization continually seeking opportunities to serve our community through fire prevention, emergency operations, patient care and excellent customer service. We are committed to be a superior emergency service organization that continually improves the quality of service delivered to our customers, the citizens of Houston.
It is our privilege to serve you, The Houston Fire Department
The Houston Fire Department 600 Jefferson St. • 7th FlOOr • HOustOn, Texas 77002 832.394.6700 • www.houstonfire.org
Courage, Commitment, Compassion Produced by The Public Affairs Division of The Houston Fire Department 2 HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK 27 Using the space below, draw 2 ways out of each room and 2 ways out of your home. Indicate an outside meeting place in the drawing and practice monthly fire drills with your family.
Fire Prevention & Life Safety Guidebook he men and women of the Houston Fire Department respond to over 300,000 fire and emergency medical calls every year. Most of the fire incidents are T easily preventable using the information contained in this guidebook. Many incidents could be avoided just by following simple maintenance procedures. A vast number of the dangerous and often fatal fires can be can be eliminated simply with slight behavioral changes or just using common sense. This guidebook was designed to address these issues and bring awareness to possible problem areas in your home. 26 Important Phone Numbers & Websites HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK 3
The Houston Fire Department American Red Cross 600 Jefferson, 7th floor 2700 Southwest Freeway Houston, Texas 77002 Houston, Texas 77098 www.houstonfire.org www.redcross.org/tx/houston Emergency Calls 9-1-1 Main Number 713-526-8300 Main Number (non emergency) 832-394-6700 Public Affairs 832-394-6633 Harris County Fire Marshal 2318 Atascocita Arson Investigation 713-247-8900 Humble, Texas 77396 Ambulance Records 832-394-6860 www.hcfmo.net Ambulance Billing 1-800-929-6209 EMS 832-394-6800 Main Number 281-436-8000 EMS & Fire Records 832-394-6860 Centerpoint Energy Fire Alarm Permits 832-394-8811 www.centerpointenergy.com Fire Prevention/Codes 832-394-6900 OIG/IAD Complaints 713-247-8960 Report a Gas Leak 713-659-2111 Public Education 832-394-6741 1-888-752-8036 Public Information 832-394-6706 Call Before You Dig 811 Recruiting 832-394-6600 Power Outage 713-207-2222 Free Smoke Detector Program 832-394-6633 1-800-332-7143 Schedule a fire truck visit, Report Down Power Lines 713-207-2222 speaker or fire station tour 832-394-6633 Child Car Seat Inspections Table of Contents Juvenile Firestoppers Program 713-247-8826 Through Safe Kids of Greater Houston www.safekidsgreaterhouston.org Home Fire Safety 4 After The Fire 18 Houston Police Department Smoke Detectors 5 Protecting Yourself and Your Family 19 1200 Travis Street Main Number 832-828-1314 Family Escape Plan 6 The First 24 Hours 19 Houston, Texas 77002 Calling 9-1-1 6 Insured 20 www.houstonpolice.org Texas Poison Center Network Fire Extinguishers 7 Not Insured 20 www.poisoncontrol.org Cooking Safety 8 Re-Establishing Utilities 20 Emergency Calls 9-1-1 Cooking Outdoors 9 In You Cannot Live In Your Home 21 Main Number (non emergency) 713-884-3131 National Emergency Number 1-800-222-1222 Heating Your Home 10 Property and Income Tax Adjustments 21 Space Heaters 10 Gathering Important Documents 22 City of Houston Office of Federal Emergency Management Fireplaces and Chimneys 11 Change of Address 22 Emergency Management (FEMA) Outdoor Fire Pits 12 Caring For Damaged Documents 22 5320 North Shepherd www.fema.gov Candles 12 Replacing Damaged Money 22 Houston, Texas 7091-5738 Carbon Monoxide 13 Cleaning Tips 23 Main Number 1-800-621-3362(FEMA) www.houstonoem.net Holiday Safety 14 Safe Food Practices 24 TTY 1-800-462-7585 Burglar Bar s 15 Food Management 24 Main Number 713-884-5738 Home Fire Safety Check List 16 American Red Cross 25 Helpful Numbers and Websites 26 4 HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK 25
of fire, leaving the fruit bitter to the taste and your choice, gives the person, who has suffered often discolored. It is generally wise to dispose a loss, a means of healing and taking control of of such food. rebuilding their lives. Foods stored in glass jars subjected to heat may All Red Cross disaster assistance is free, given crack. If this occurs, discard immediately. as a gift from the people who support the American Red Cross. No re-payment is asked or Do not used canned foods if the can has bulged, expected. dented or rusted. To disinfect the exterior of a tin can or jar, wash the container in a solution of For more information or to contact the Greater 3 tablespoons of household bleach to 1 gallon Houston Area Red Cross call (713) 526-8300. of water. Discard medicines and cosmetics if contamination is suspected. Remember: IF IN DOUBT, THROW IT OUT! American Red Cross When a fire occurs in your home, volunteers from the Greater Houston Area Red Cross are notified, generally by the fire department. Carefully trained to assist families in distress, these volunteers are there to take care of your emergency needs.
Every case is different because the needs of each fire victim are different. Initially, volun- teers conduct a careful assessment of the vic- tim’s emergency needs. What is the condition of the home? Where can the victim stay? Did HOME FIRE SAFETY the family lose bedding, clothes, food or other essential household items?
roper home fire safety preparation requires effort in so many different areas. Volunteers determine whether the house or However, there are two elements essential to reducing your chances of becoming a apartment is inhabitable, or if there is a rela- victim of catastrophic fire: working smoke detectors and a fire escape plan. In this tive/friend with whom the victim can stay. If Psection we will look at what you can do to prevent a fire and what to do if a one actually not, The Red Cross provide temporary shelter. does occur in your home. If needed, the Red Cross will provide vouchers to replace food, clothing and prescription medi- cines. Other emergency needs are evaluated. Vouchers are provided to replace the goods lost to the fire. The voucher, issued to the store of 24 HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK 5
You could also use 1/2 cup of ammonia to 2 are removed or secured against accidental closing. Smoke Detectors gallons of water or finally you may try rinsing 1. Defrost and wash all surfaces with water and • Vacuum the vents of the detector at least the clothing in vinegar (use rubber gloves). dishwashing detergent; rinse with 2 tablespoons Working Smoke Detector Save Lives. once a year Always read the care label for proper instruc- of baking soda per 1 quart of water; re-rinse with ome Fire Safety begins with a working smoke • Always follow manufacturers instructions tions before cleaning any garments. It is wise clear water. Hdetector. A smoke detector is probably the • The National Fire Protection Association to contact a professional cleaning service if 2. Wash a solution of 1 cup of vinegar to 1 gallon most important safety device you can have in recommends replacing your smoke detector you have doubts or questions. of water. your home. However, based upon 2010-2011 every 10 years 3. Wash with a solution of 1 cup of household Houston Fire Department estimates, 30 percent ammonia Leather & Suede Items- Wipe with a damp of all Houston area homes have no smoke detec- Where to install your smoke detector: cloth, then with a dry cloth. Stuff your purses, tors or have ones that do not work. Nationwide, • In a hallway that connects your bedrooms shoes, etc. with paper to retain shape. Leave Safe Food Practices annual estimates indicate that up to 75% of find the center point What to do When the Freezer Stops- A full freezer suitcases open to air out. Leather should be residential fire fatalities occur in homes without will stay cold many hours longer than a freezer • Place at least one dry and kept away from the heat and sun. working smoke detectors. That percentage can 4"-12" that is only a quarter full. A freezer full of meat detector on each level Steel wool or a suede brush can be used be greatly reduced because smoke detectors are will not warm up as quickly as a freezer full of (minimum of 1 outside on suede. We recommend that you contact inexpensive, easy to install and maintain and can baked goods. The colder the food, the longer it each sleeping area) leather and suede cleaners for more informa- mean the difference between life and death. tion. See yellow pages under “Leather”. will stay frozen. A well-insulated freezer will re- main frozen longer than one with little insulation. • Wall Mount- place Through the "Get Alarmed! Houston" smoke Dishes, Pots & Pans- Wash dishes in very hot, If dry ice is placed in the freezer soon after the 4-12 inches from detector program, the Houston Fire Department soapy water. Rinse in hot water. Dishwashers power is shut off, the temperature will stay below ceiling Wall Mount provides free smoke detectors to Houston area are excellent for cleaning dishes due to the freezing. Look in the yellow pages of the tele- homeowners who are at the highest risk for fire- water’s high temperature. phone book under “ice” or “dry ice”. low income, the disabled and the elderly. This Ceiling Mount Most dishes can be soaked in a solution of 1 The entire contents of the freezer should be program, founded in 2001, is entirely funded by tablespoon of ordinary household bleach to 1 moved to a commercial freezer firm or a friend’s • Ceiling Mount- place private and corporate donations. The members gallon of lukewarm water for 30 minutes prior freezer. at least 4 inches from of the Houston Fire Department distribute and to washing. any wall install 3,000-4,000 smoke detectors a year by in- Pots and pan can be sterilized by boiling in Food Management dividual appointments and special events. If you • High Pitch Ceilings- water for at least 10 minutes. CAUTION: Some Partial thawing and refreezing will reduce the or someone you know needs a smoke detector, place 3 feet from parts (handles, knobs, etc.) of the pots and quality of foods particularly fruits, vegetables and highest point At least 4" pans will not withstand the high temperature prepared foods. It is considered a safe practice to please call the Houston Fire Department Public from wall involved with boiling water. Remove where re-freeze foods that have partially thawe d if the Affairs Office at 832-394-6633. practical. foods still contain visible ice crystals. Do not eat ice cream or ice milk after the product has melted. Smoke Detector Types: Refrigerators & Freezers- Sometimes odors 1. Ionization-Works faster in a flaming fire Meat products are unsafe to eat when they begin • DO NOT place your are very difficult to remove due to the damp- 2. Photoelectric- Works faster in a smoldering fire to spoil. If the color or odor of the thawed prod- detector in the ness of the insulation, which absorbs the 3. Dual Sensor- Works fast in either type of fire uct is questionable, discard it. Bacteria multiply kitchen or near an air odors. Here are some recommendations: After very rapidly in thawed or non-refrigerated foods Maintenance: conditioning vent. one of the alternatives has been used, let the designed for controlled conditions. appliance air dry. Caution: Be cautious with • Change the battery in the Spring and Fall when small children when cleaning or discarding a Fruits usually ferment as they begin to spoil and you change your clock refrigerator or freezer. Make sure the doors generally will absorb smoke or other by-products • Test the detector every month 6 HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK 23 Cleaning Tips and hot water. To remove white spots or film, Having A Fire Escape Plan rub the wood surface with a cloth soaked in a Planning, Preparation And Practice Make All The Difference. Locks & Hinges- Locks (especially iron locks) solution of 1/2 cup of household ammonia and moke detectors are the essential elements • Talk to your neighbors. You may have to go to should be taken apart, wiped with kerosene and 1/2 cup of water. Then wipe the surface dry and Sin any home safety program but would your their home to call 9-1-1 in an emergency. oiled. If locks cannot be removed, squirt machine polish with wax. family know what to do if one them actually • If you have a two-story home, purchase fire es- oil through a bolt opening and work the knob to sounds an alarm? Preparing and practicing a cape ladders for each bedroom on the top floor distribute the oil. Hinges should also be thorough- Wall-To-Wall Carpet and Rugs- A wet/dry ly cleaned and oiled. family fire escape plan is another crucial part of • Make sure your address is visible from the vacuum or water extractor carpet cleaning ma- home fire defense. Every member of your family, street at all times. Critical seconds can be lost Walls, Floors & Furniture- To remove soot and chine is excellent for removing standing water if possible, needs to be involved in preparation if emergency crews miss your address. Remove smoke from walls, furniture and floors, mix to- and dirt. These can be rented at most supermar- and practicing your family fire escape plan. Once branches or bushes if necessary. If you live in an gether 4-6 tbsp. of tri-sodium phosphate, 1 cup kets or drugstores. Add carpet cleaning deter- you have designed a plan, practice your plan apartment , have the management replace or re- of Lysol or other chloride bleach and 1 gallon of gent and clean the carpet as instructed on the once a month with every member of your family. paint any street or building numbers if needed. warm water. Wear gloves when cleaning. After machine. Allow the carpet to dry out thoroughly • Check your smoke detector every month washing article, rinse with clear warm water and before sweeping or vacuuming. Designing Your Own Escape Plan • Practice your escape plan every month dry thoroughly. Rugs should also be allowed to dry thoroughly. • Have a designated meeting place outside your Walls may be washed down while wet. Use mild Throw rugs can be cleaned by beating, sweep- home so you will know everyone got out safely On page 27 of this guidebook, draw diagrams soap or detergent. Wash a small area at one time, ing or vacuuming and then shampooing. Rugs • Make sure every member of your family knows of your home and every room in your home. working from the floor up. Then rinse the wall should be dried as quickly as possible- lay them two-ways out of each room and the home Indicate on each drawing, the two ways out of with clear water immediately. Ceiling should be flat and expose them to a circulation of warm, • Teach you children how to dial 9-1-1 and make that room. Also indicate the designated meeting washed last. dry air. A fan turned on the rugs will speed dry- sure they know their home address and phone place outside of your home. Continually review ing. Make sure the rugs are dry. Even though number these plans with your family. Do not repaint until walls and ceilings are com- the surface seems dry, moisture remaining at pletely dry- Your wallpaper can also be repaired. the base of the tufts can quickly rot a rug. For Use a commercial paste to re-paste loose edges information on cleaning and preserving carpets, Calling 9-1-1:When Time Means Everything. or sections. Contact wallpaper dealers or install- contact any of the carpet cleaning firms listed in hen an emergency arises, whether it is a fire or medical emergency, every second ers for more information on wallpaper cleaners. the yellow pages of your telephone book. counts. If you follow these simple tips, your emergency responders will have the Washable wallpaper can be washed like an ordi- W nary wall, but care must be taken not to soak the necessary information they will need to reach you quickly. Combating Smoke Odors- Removing smoke paper. Work from the bottom to top to prevent odors can be very difficult because of the many 1. Remember 9-1-1 is for EMERGENCIES ONLY! streaking. combinations of materials on the market. Some 2. When calling 9-1-1, remain calm, speak clearly, and give the operator the following examples are raw materials such as natural Wood Furniture- Do not dry your furniture in information: Your name, your phone number, cell number, address of the emergency fibers (i.e. cotton, linen, silk, wool, fur fiber, etc.) direct sunlight. The wood will warp and twist out and as much about the emergency as possible. and man-made fibers (acetate, acrylic, nylon, of shape. Clear off mud and dirt. Remove draw- rayon, polyester, vinyls, etc.) For best results, 3. If you call from your cell phone- If you are in a car, stop the car when you are ers. Let them dry thoroughly so there will be no check the yellow pages for a local cleaning firm. calling. Remain calm, speak clearly and give the operator the following informa- sticking when you replace them. Scrub wood tion: Your name, your cell phone number in case you get disconnected they will furniture or fixtures with a stiff brush and a clean- Clothing with Soot- Clothing that can withstand be able to reach you and clearly describe any vehicles and individuals involved ing solution. Wet wood can decay and mold, so bleaching can often be cleaned by washing in and give as much information about the emergency as possible. dry completely. Open doors and windows for good one of the following mixture: ventilation. Turn on your furnace or air condi- 4. Operators cannot automatically identify your location so give as much Add 4 tablespoons of tri-sodium phosphate and tioner if necessary. If mold forms wipe the wood information about the location of the emergency as possible (landmarks, 1 cup of Lysol to 1 gallon of water. Wash, then surface with a cloth soaked in a mixture of borax streets, city, etc). rinse with clear water and let dry thoroughly. 22 HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK 7
Depreciation is the formal term used to express Utility Customer Service ● An extinguisher must be the right type the amount of value an item loses over a period Credit Card Companies Fire (see below) for the fire of time. Social Security Administration (if necessary) Extinguishers ● An extinguisher must be large enough for Value After the Fire:This is sometimes called Doctor’s Office and your pharmacy the fire at hand. It must be readily available, the item’s “salvage value”.Those individuals who U.S. Postal Service in working order and fully charged have experienced fire or other disaster may ● The operator must know how to use the obtain assistance from the local American Red Caring For Damaged Documents Important documents may be salvaged if you extinguisher quickly Cross. ● The operator must be strong enough to lift After applying to the Red Cross, you can obtain quick-freeze them immediately. Lift off each page as they thaw and copy. Contact any of the and operate the extinguisher food, clothing, lodging and other services. A Red s part of a complete home fire safety pro- Cross disaster caseworker will assist you day or meat cutting firms located in the yellow pages and look for quick-freeze services. Agram, in addition to smoke detectors, the Remember to: P. A. S. S. night. Your disaster caseworker can help contact Houston Fire Department also recommends the appropriate agencies. Public assistance clients should notify the De- P. Pull the Pin partment of Human Services office in their area installing fire extinguishers throughout your Gathering Important Documents if their ID card is damaged or destroyed. This home. A. Aim the nozzle at the base of the Documents important to your well-being may be will help eliminate problems if the need arises Placement of Fire Extinguishers fire damaged or destroyed as a result of a fire. Locat- for check cashing, medical aid, or food assis- Fire Extinguishers must be: ing these documents will speed up the process tance programs. Call (888)456-2770. S. Squeeze the handle while standing of recovering from a fire. Below is a list of docu- ● Readily visible 8 feet away ments that should be located if possible: Replacing Damaged Money ● Uniformly distributed (throughout the To reclaim paper money or coins, check with any S. Sweep the nozzle back and forth at Animal Registration Credit Cards structure) Marriage Papers Social Security Cards local commercial bank or contact the following. the base of the fire Automobile Title Death Certificates Be sure to include name(s) and address(es) on ● Free from blockage by storage and Medical Records Stock and Bonds bonds, appropriate date or time period when equipment Your Extinguisher Must Fit The Fire Bank Books Divorce Decree purchased, denominations and appropriate ● Near normal ports of travel Medicare/Medicaid Title to Deeds number of each. ● TYPE A- Ordinary combustibles (wood, Birth Certificates Driver’s License Savings Bonds ● Protected from potential accidental or cloth, rubber, many plastics, etc.) Passports Warranties Bureau of Public Debt malicious damage ● TYPE B- Flammable liquids (gasoline and Burial Contracts Income Tax Records P.O. Box 7012 other flammable liquids, oil, grease, tar, oil- Payment Books Wills ● An extinguisher weighing less than 40 lbs. Parkersburg, WV 26106-7012 based paint, lacquer and flammable gas) Citizenship Papers Insurance Policies visit: www.treasurydirect.gov for more informa- should be installed with the top not more Senior Citizen ID Cards tion and to download the proper documents than 5 feet from the floor ● TYPE C- Electrical equipment (energized Change of Address Money electrical equipment including wiring, fuse If you move, notify the following agencies: Department of the Treasury Extinguishers Have Their Limits boxes, circuit breakers, machinery & appli- ances) Banks Bureau of Engraving and Printing A portable fire extinguisher can save lives and Phone Company Office of Currency Standards property by putting out a small fire or contain- ● TYPE D- Metal fires Department of Public Safety (driver’s license) P.O. Box 37048 ing it until the fire department arrives. How- Publications (newspapers, magazines, etc.) Washington, DC 20013 ever, they are not designed to fight large or ● TYPE K- (For use ONLY where cooking Your Children’s School 1-866-575-2361 or 202-874-8897 spreading fires. Even against small fires, they equipment involves the use of animal or are useful only under the right conditions: vegetable oils 8 HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK 21 • Electricity- Contact a professional, licensed electrician. Approval from a certified electrician should be thrown away without the approval is required before the utility companies can of the insurance company. reconnect the power. Property & Income Tax Adjustments • Water- You can turn this back on yourself. Use caution because the the fire may have damaged nformation and applications can be obtained the plumbing. Water damage may occur when Ifrom the Harris County Tax Assessor’s Office the pipes are again filled with water. Contact by calling (713)224-1919. Ask for the Tax- Utility Customer Service at (713)837-0600 for payer’s Claim for Reduction of Assessments on more information. Destroyed Property. Return completed forms to the Assessor’s Office. Be sure to meet the • Natural Gas- Do not turn the gas back on. a appropriate deadlines. Reliant Energy/Entex service person is available Uninsured loss of property, both real and per- to turn the gas on and relight your appliances. sonal, may entitle you to deductions on your Call (713)659-2111 to reach a Reliant Energy/ income tax. Information is available from the Cooking Safety Entex representative. area office of the Internal Revenue Service. Call • Telephone- Contact your telephone company (800)829-1040. It Is Always Better To Prevent A Fire Than To Deal With One business office. You will encounter different viewpoints on the value of your property in adjusting your fire ooking has long been the leading cause of • Make sure pot holders are not too close to the Note: Remember not to operate wet or damp loss or in claiming a casualty loss on your fed- Chome structure fires and civilian home fire stove appliances. Have a service person check them eral income tax. Knowing the following terms injuries. According to National Fire Protection • Wear short sleeves or tight-fitting long sleeves first. will help you understand the process used to Agency (NFPA) nationwide estimates, two out of ELECTRICITY AND WATER DO NOT MIX! determine the value of your fire loss: every five reported home fires and thirty seven • Shield yourself from scalding steam when lift- percent of fire related injuries involved cooking. ing lids from hot pots If You Cannot Live In Your Home Your Personal Valuation: Your personal loss of Cooking fire incidents also account for an annual • Keep broilers, ovens, stove tops and exhaust goods through fire may be difficult to measure. f your home is severely damaged or contami- These personal items have sentimental value average of 400 fire fatalities and almost $800 mil- ducts free from grease nated, we recommend caution in planning to lion in damages. I to you, however, objective measures of value reoccupy the residence. are what you, the insurer, and the I.R.S. will If the building is structurally damaged to the The following information was collected to inform use as a common ground for discussion. point that is uninhabitable, a building inspec- you on the dangers of unsafe cooking practices tor must be called. After the building inspection and environments. Use this information to rec- Cost When Purchased: This is an important has been completed, a permit must be obtained ognize and correct any unsafe cooking habits you element in establishing an item’s final value. before making repairs. If you are covered by may use on a daily basis. Receipts will help verify the cost price. a homeowner’s insurance policy, you may be eli- gible for alternative temporary housing. Check In The Kitchen- Careless cooking is the #1 Fair Market Value Before the Fire: This con- cause of residential fires and unattended cooking • If there is a fire in the oven-Turn off the oven your policy or with your agent. cept is also expressed as “actual cash value”. is the primary cause of kitchen fires! and keep the oven door closed Remember, save all receipts for any expenses This is what you could have received for the incurred during fire loss. Your insurance com- item if you sold it the day before the fire. The • NEVER leave cooking food unattended! • Use an ABC fire extinguisher, baking soda or pany will want copies to reimburse you. These a tight-fitting pot lid, NEVER flour or water, to price would reflect its cost at purchase minus • Turn pot handles away from the front of the receipts will also be useful for verifying losses extinguish a kitchen fire the wear it had sustained since purchase. stove and never position them over another burner claimed on your federal income tax. All items in the home should be inventoried and no item 20 HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK 9 Not Insured? Insured? Cooking Outdoors Turkey Fryers: f you do not have fire insurance, recover- • Turkey fryers are EXTREMELY DANGEROUS! Iing from your losses will depend on your own resources and help from your commu- • ALWAYS use turkey fryers outdoors away from nity. These organizations keep up to date on anything that can burn current services available and can put you in • NEVER use them on wooden decks or in garages touch with service agencies in your commu- Barbeque Pits: • When starting your barbeque use charcoal nity. Here is where you can look for help: • NEVER leave the fryer unattended or let f your home is insured, give notice of the lighter fluid. NEVER Gasoline! children or pets near the fryer • Your church or synagogue damage immediately. You can do this by con- I • Local service organizations like the Lions • Have a fire extinguisher or charged garden • The oil will remain dangerously hot hours after use tacting your insurance agent. Once in contact Club or Rotary Club hose near while the fire is burning with your agent, ask them to meet you immedi- • NEVER overfill a fryer and make sure the turkey • Relief organizations like the American Red ately at the site of your fire and if possible, ar- • Use long handle barbeque tools when grilling is completely thawed Cross or Salvation Army range a meeting with a claims adjuster as well. outdoors • Local and state governments which have • Keep an all-purpose fire extinguisher nearby. Ask your agent to bring a copy of your policy emergency service offices or social services • Check the pit frequently and use barbeque pits NEVER use water to extinguish the fire. and be sure to confirm in detail the content of outdoors only your policy coverage. Your fire losses are deductible from your fed- You Will Need: eral income tax. Remember to save all of your • Soak the coals in water before disposing of Some insurance companies may require the • In addition to a completely thawed turkey, receipts and keep records of what you spend them policyholder to make an inventory of dam- you’ll need a 40 or 60 quart pot with basket or to repair and replace your fire-damaged prop- aged personal property showing, in detail, the • The Houston Fire codes prohibits the use of turkey frying hardware, plus a propane gas tank erty and any costs incurred from living ex- quantity, description and how much was paid barbeque pits within 10 feet of roofs, combusti- and burner, a candy/deep fry thermometer, a penses while you are recovering from the fire. ble walls and other combustible materials. Fines for the items. These records should be used for calculating meat thermometer and lots of oil. Use oils that start at $250.00 for violations Another important item on your to-do list is to your casualty loss on your income tax form. have a high smoke point, such as corn, peanut or file a claim in writing with your insurance com- canola oils. If your loss is uncompensated by insurance, Gas Grills: pany. This must be done within 60 to 90 days you may be entitled to a tax deduction. Feder- • Check your gas connections and tank regularly. • As far as the turkey itself goes, smaller birds of the fire. Check with your insurance company al guidelines are available in Publication 547, Use a light soap & water solution to check for work better for frying. Try not to go over 15 lbs. regarding any deadlines. Tax Information on Disasters, Casualty Losses leaks. Before You Fry- Please read and follow all manu- This general statement should include the date, and Theft. Contact the I.R.S. at (800)829-1040. • Make sure there are no clogged lines or burn- facturers instructions. time and cause of the loss. Other important ers items that are helpful to include in this general Re-Establishing Utilities These tips will help to prevent oil overflow statement are the names and addresses of • ALWAYS have the grill open when starting the • Before beginning, (and before you even season anyone who has a legal interest in your prop- fter the building inspection is completed, fire. The accumulation of gas can explode when or marinate your turkey) determine the amount erty such as mortgage/lienholders and com- Aa permit must be obtained prior to mak- exposed to flame of oil you’ll need by placing the turkey in the bas- pleted inventory as specified by your insurance ing repairs. The Houston Fire Department • If the fire does not ignite when you press ket (or on the hanger, depending on the type of company. often will have the utility services shut off fryer you are using) and putting it in the pot. Add or disconnected as a safety precaution to the ignitor button, turn off the gas and let the After your claim is approved, your insurance water until it reaches about two inches above the prevent further damage to the structure and remaining gas clear before restarting company may pay in several ways. Once you turkey. Remove the turkey and note the water its contents. have submitted your formal statement of loss, • When you are finished cooking, turn off the level by using a ruler to measure the distance the insurance company generally has up to The procedures for re-establishing the utility gas at the tank and the controls from the top of the pot to the surface of the 60 days to pay the claim. Depending on your services are as follows: • NEVER store gas cylinders in your home or water. Remove the water and thoroughly dry the coverage, some portions of your payment may garage. ALWAYS store them outside. pot. Now add enough oil to equal what the water be delayed. • ALWAYS use gas grills outdoors level was without the turkey in the pot. 10 HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK 19
fire can be one of the most tragic events in The First Ayour life. Often when a fire strikes, the hard- est part is knowing where to begin the recovery process of your home. 2 4 : 0 0 We have gathered the following information to Hours assist you in this time of need. We want to help fter the fire is out, certain firefighting and reduce your fire losses. If you cannot find the help rescue techniques may appear unneces- you need, call the Houston Fire Department at A sary. However, lives could be lost and buildings 832-394-6700 and we will make every effort to could suffer total destruction without these assist you in locating the appropriate individual or methods. agency who can help. Since fires produce temperatures over 1200 degrees Fahrenheit, ventilation of the building Heating Your Home Protecting Yourself and Your Family is necessary to eliminate heat, smoke and hot We know you are anxious to inspect the damage gases. This must be done quickly so firefighters Give Space Heaters Their Space! • Provide adequate ventilation when using a gas and, if possible, begin salvaging your belongings. can enter the structure to extinguish the fire space heater, opening a window slightly (one inch) Our primary responsibility is to protect you from and rescue any occupants. Walls are also forced nsafe home heating is a leading cause of to prevent carbon monoxide buildup possible injury and to provide for your safety. So open to search for hidden fires which must be home fires second only to cooking. Accord- U please be aware of the unseen hazards present done to ensure complete fire extinguishment. ing to statistics available from the National Fire • NEVER overload outlets or breakers such as structural damage, damaged utilities, toxic • Contact your insurance agent as soon as Protection Association, residential fires involving • NEVER hide cords under rugs or carpets. Placing hazards or airborne contaminants. possible. Your agent will be able to help you home heating equipment account for 18 percent anything on top of the cord could cause it to over- arrange for immediate repairs. If you cannot of all reported home fires, 22 percent of residen- Babies and small children, the elderly, pregnant heat and can cause a fire reach your agent or have no insurance, you may tial fire deaths and 13 percent of home civilian women, individuals with respiratory diseases wish to obtain professional assistance. Fire and injuries. Space heaters alone account for one • NEVER use an extension cord with the heater. If (asthma, emphysema etc.) may be especially the cord is hot to the touch, turn off the heater and water damage restoration firms are listed in the third of all reported home heating fires. The fol- sensitive to contaminants and/or sooty deposits unplug it! yellow pages. lowing tips should help keep you safe and warm which may be present after the fire. during our coldest months. • Electric heaters permanently installed in the wall Exposure to toxic gases produced in fires as well • After Fire Department personnel leave, the • Give Space Heaters their space- Keep them at or ceiling should have lint and dust removed regu- as certain particles, such as asbestos fibers used building becomes your responsibility. If pos- larly. Lint and dust will burn! least 3 feet away from combustibles-walls, sofas in some building materials, have been shown to sible, the firefighters may secure doors and and anything else that will burn • Have your heating system professionally inspect- increase the risk of certain types of cancer. windows against unauthorized entry. The final ed and serviced every year responsibility does, however, lie with the owner. • Space heaters should ALWAYS be placed on the In most cases, it is both safer and quicker to let floor • Purchase a carbon monoxide detector if you use your insurance agency handle the necessary • If you are a tenant however, contact the resident manager, the owner or the owner’s • NEVER leave children alone in a room with a gas or a fireplace for your heating cleanup and renovation of your property. They can insurance agent. It is the owner’s responsibility space heater and do not let children adjust the schedule the needed repairs with skilled profes- • Install a Carbon Monoxide detector in the hall- to prevent further loss to the building. People controls or move the heater way near every separate sleeping area of the home sionals who are specialists in fire and water dam- age repairs. These professionals know the possible across the greater Houston community know • Open-faced heaters should have a proper screen • If you use a gas space heater, light the match hazards and have the equipment necessary to deal they can rely on the American Red Cross in and grates in place-NEVER operate a defective before you turn on the gas. This avoids the risk of with them. times of crisis. Our pledge to the American pub- heater flashback caused by accumulating gas lic is that “We’ll Be There”. 18 HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK 11 • Use seasoned wood. Wood with a moisture Fireplaces and content of less than 20 percent burns much cleaner than green (high moisture content) Chimneys wood. • BURN SMART! Good fireplace habits can veryone loves a fire in the fireplace. Howev- decrease fuel consumption in the home while maintaining the same level of warmth. Make er, if you heat your home with your fireplace, E sure the fire gets enough air to burn properly. please burn safely. Close the damper when the fire is out to keep • Clear the area around the fireplace and chim- warm room air inside. ney. Debris too close to the fireplace could cause • Minimize creosote buildup. A buildup of a fire. Check the flue for obstructions like bird creosote is a main cause of chimney fires. nests. Trim any overhanging branches or large Creosote is the black tarry or flaky substance trees near the chimney, to give a minimum of 10' formed in chimneys during the wood burn- distance from the chimney. ing process. While firewood leaves flammable • ALWAYS use a fireplace screen. Use a glass or creosote and carbon deposits on chimney metal screen in front of your fireplace to prevent wells, tests show firelogs leave significantly less sparks igniting nearby carpets or furniture. creosote accumulation than wood. • NEVER overload the fireplace with too many • Make a fire that fits your fireplace. A fire logs. Don't use the fireplace as an incinerator, that's too large or too hot not only wastes fuel, and never burn garbage, Christmas trees, or piles it can crack your chimney. of paper. • Keep your fireplace in good working condi- • Keep a fire extinguisher on hand. See that the tion. If you notice any cracks in the chimney, extinguisher is in good working order and that all and any loose mortar or brick, have your chim- family members know how to operate it. ney repaired. Have the chimney liner inspected for cracking or deterioration. • Provide Smoke Detectors. Place smoke de- tectors throughout the house. Test the smoke • Read and follow the label when using fire- detectors and batteries regularly. logs. Use one firelog at a time, starting it with AFTER THE FIRE a fireplace at room temperature. Firelogs • Place logs at the rear of the fireplace when perform best when burned on a supporting building a fire, preferably on a grate. fireplace grate with a maximum of three to lthough the tips in this guidebook are designed to prevent fires from occurring, • NEVER leave fire unattended! Be sure the fire four inches of space between support bars. sometimes bad things just happen. What you do after a tragedy strikes you and is extinguished before you go to bed. • Dispose of hot ashes in covered metal con- your family can have a great impact on your recovery time and stress level caused • Have your fireplace inspected and cleaned tainers, placed outside in a non-combustible Aby the event. The information contained on the next few pages will help guide you through annually by a certified chimney sweep. A dirty area (i.e. free from leaves, combustible over- hangs, etc.) the difficult process of recovering from a fire in your home. fireplace can cause chimney fires or contribute to air pollution. • For wood stoves, make sure the stoves are • Choose the right fuel. In general, hardwood properly installed, away from combustible sur- firewood (oak, hickory, ash, etc.) burns cleaner faces, and have the proper floor support and than softwood firewood (fir, pine, cedar, etc.). In- ventilation. NEVER use flammable liquids (such dependent tests have proven that manufactured as gasoline) to start or accelerate a fire. firelogs burn much cleaner than firewood. 12 HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK 17 Kitchen Issues: Yes No Other Fire Safety Issues: Yes No • Start with a small fire with minimal fuel Never leaves food cooking unattended? Date of last chimney cleaning: • Select the wood carefully to minimize smoke. _____/_____/_____ Harder woods such as oak or hickory produce Range top and oven are clean of Having your air conditioning and heating system grease and debris? less smoke than unseasoned or soft woods checked annually can also reduce your chance of • Most fire pits come with screens so use them. There are no rags or other flammable experiencing an electrical fire. materials near the stove top? Once the fire has died down, place the mesh Date of last heating/AC inspection: Outdoor screen on the pit to control the sparks and cap- Always turn pot handles away from the front of the _____/_____/_____ ture the burning debris stove but never over the other burners! Firepits If your lights flicker and dim or your breakers keep • Stay three feet away from the heat. Establish Pot handles properly positioned tripping, you my be overloading your outlets. If a three foot "kid-free area" and teach your chil- while cooking? you have too many electrical devices plugged into n recent years, fire pits have become one of the dren the rules about the pit. most popular outdoor home enhancements avail- Barbeque grills in use? one outlet with the protection of a surge suppres- I sor, you stand a greater risk of an electrical fire. able. Fire pits allow for a warm gathering place • Use safety gloves and stainless steel tools Grills always used outside? outside on cool evenings-a place where family and when lifting the screen or shifting the wood Outlets overloaded? Grills are watched at all times friends can get together to enjoy the outdoors all • NEVER leave the fire unattended especially if when in use? Lights flicker or breakers trip easily? year around. children or pets are present Have the gas lines been checked Fire pits can be part of an elaborate outdoor • Throwing water in a fire pit may not be enough for leaks? Burglar Bars present? kitchen area, or a simple, portable unit that can be placed on any patio. But whatever fire pit type to extinguish the flame completely. To be safe, Smoking Issues: Yes No Type: let coals cool and gently pour water over them. you are using, remember that they all have one Do you smoke? element in common-fire. Make sure the embers are completely extin- Fixed Locking Quick Release guished before going indoors Do you smoke in bed? Following these guidelines will help prevent a fire- related disaster and allow you to safely enjoy your Ashtrays cleaned regularly? If locking, is the key located near the bars for quick escape? fire pit and the great outdoors. Storage Issues: Yes No Location of key: ______Before You Light The Flame: Flammable materials stored properly (away from Candle any open flame source, out of the reach • NEVER use chemicals such as lighter fluid or gel of children, etc..)? Even dryer lint can catch fire causing major dam- fuel to start your fire. Use a natural starter fuel Safety age and death. It is recommended to clean your Are flammable materials stored lint filter after every load. such as a fatwood stick to light your fire. Fatwood too close to the water heater? is an all-natural product that light with a single andles provide a warm and inviting glow to Do you clean your lint filter regularly? Are matches and lighters stored match, even when wet. Cany room. Most people don’t see candles as After each load a major fire hazard, but according to the NFPA out of children’s reach? • Position the pit safely at least 10 feet away from After every other load from 2005-2009 candles accounted for 12,860 Is propane for the gas grill structures and flammable items fires (3% of reported home fires), 136 deaths being properly stored outside? Once in a while Rarely ever • Place the pit on solid ground in an open area (5% of home fire deaths), 1,041 injuries (8% of Other Fire Safety Issues: Yes No avoiding overhanging trees and roof lines home fire injuries) and an estimated $471 million in property damage. According to the National Is your home clean of excessive • Have an extinguisher or charged hose or bucket trash and debris that may catch fire? Candle Association, 70% of households in the of sand nearby in case you have to quickly extin- United States use candles. Fireplace used to heat home? guish the fire 16 HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK 13 Here Are Some More Eye-Opening Facts: Carbon Monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, taste- less gas that can kill you before you are even aware it • 40% of all home candle fires start in the bedroom is in your house. CO is produced during the incom- and account for 30% of the deaths The best way to survive a fire is to prevent one from Fire extinguisher fully charged? plete combustion of fuels such as natural gas, oil, ever happening. The Houston Fire Department • 50% of candle fires occur when combustible ma- wood, kerosene and coal. Be aware of the symptoms invites you to use this Home Fire Safety Check List as Date of last extinguisher inspection: terials are left near a burning candle of CO poisoning and what you can do to avoid it. a tool to identify and correct potential trouble spots • Falling asleep while a candle is burning accounts • CO causes side effects such as headaches, nausea, ______/______/______in your home. Sometimes these trouble spots can be for 12% of candle fires and 25% of related deaths dizziness, disorientation and fatigue that are often found in behaviors that you or a loved one regularly mistaken for the flu. These effects can vary greatly Proper type of fire extinguisher? practice but are unaware of the risks involved. Smok- Candles Can Be Used Safely If You from person to person depending on age, overall health and length of exposure. ing in bed or unsafe cooking habits are just two types Possible Dangers: Yes No Follow These Tips: of behaviors that contribute greatly to home fires and • CO kills hundreds and injures thousands of people fire fatalities. Please use this check list as a guide as Space heater(s) present? • Use candles only with constant adult supervision each year. you walk through your home to help you recognize • NEVER leave a candle burning! • The gas may originate from your furnace, fireplace, Space heaters(s) used properly? and correct your potential fire problem areas. stove, hot water heater, bbq grill or car. (3 ft. away from flammable curtains, papers. Placed on WHEN YOU GO OUT...BLOW OUT! Fire Safety Equipment: Yes No floor, no extension cords...) • Keep candles away from items that can catch fire, • The danger increases more during the winter such as Christmas trees, clothing, paper or curtains months as heaters are used more frequently and Smoke Detector(s) in home? Condition of space heater(s): fresh air ventilation is minimized by closed windows. • Place candles and candle holders on a secure How Many? ______Good Poor Replace piece of furniture. • Warming up automobiles in an attached garage, even with the garage door open, can allow concen- Smoke detectors working? Extension cords are NEVER to be used with • Make sure candle holders are non-combustible trated amounts of CO to enter your house through space heaters! Extension cords can easily and large enough to collect the dripping wax. nearby windows or carport door. Date of last test: overheat and cause a fire! • NEVER place candles in windows where blinds or • When inhaled, carbon monoxide is absorbed into ______/______/______curtains can close over them the bloodstream 200 times as fast as oxygen. Candles present? • Keep wicks trimmed to 1/4 inch and extinguish • Purchase a Carbon Monoxide detector if you use Date of last battery change: Candles being used properly (proper candle holders, candles when they burn to within 2 inches of the gas or a fireplace for your heating. Have your furnace professionally inspected every year and checked for ______/______/______not left burning etc.)? holder CO emissions. • Keep candles and all open flames away from Carbon Monoxide (CO) detectors? Unsafe cooking practices and smoking in bed are flammable liquids • Install a Carbon Monoxide detector in the hallway two of the most common causes of residential fires near every separate sleeping area of the home. CO detectors working? and fire fatalities. National statistics show that the • NEVER use candles in places where they can be knocked over by children or pets • When your CO alarm sounds, ventilate the house Date of last test: majority of household fires begin in the kitchen and with fresh air by opening windows and doors. the majority of those fires are caused by poor cook- ______/______/______ing habits. Most fire that begin in the bedroom are • Check your CO detector by every month pressing caused by smoking in bed. People fall asleep in bed the test button and replace the detector every 5 Date of last battery change: while smoking and set their bed on fire. Carbon years.
______/______/______Kitchen Issues: Yes No Monoxide efore heating your home, using the fireplace or Fire extinguisher present? Is the stove/oven being used Beven cooking your dinner, you must be aware to heat the house? of the dangers of carbon monoxide poisoning. 14 HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK HOUSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT’S FIRE PREVENTION AND LIFE SAFETY GUIDEBOOK 15
• Make sure there is no frayed wiring Holiday • It is preferable to use smaller bulbs with less heat Safety • NEVER use the lights when you are not at home or when you are asleep. Purchase timers for extra security.
Fireworks
The Houston Fire Department reminds citizens that it is illegal to discharge fireworks or to Burglar Bars he holidays are a time of celebration-a time have fireworks in your possession in the City of for family and friends to get together and T Houston. Harris County residents should also be Don't Become A Prisoner In Your Own Home! share the joy of the season. aware that HFD will be enforcing the fireworks ragedies occur when children and adults • For security purposes, the deadbolt on a hinged ban in the Limited Purpose Annexation areas. Christmas Trees- Tbecome trapped inside their homes, unable burglar bar could be protected from outside intru- For more information on firework use in unin- to escape a fire because of burglar bars! The sion by the use of expanded metal or a plate to • It is recommended that you purchase an artifi- corporated areas of Harris County, please visit installation and use of burglar bars are regulated prevent intruders from reaching the release lever. cial, fire-proof tree the Harris County Fire Marshal's Office Website: by the City of Houston Uniform Building Code. • If you buy a real tree, make sure it is as fresh as • DO NOT install burglar bars, grilles, grates or http://www.hcfmo.net/fireworks.aspx Consult the code! possible, not brown, no needles falling etc. any device on windows or doors used for escape • Put a fresh diagonal cut, about an inch off the The fines are anywhere from $500 - $2000 for Bars, grilles or grates must meet the following routes that cannot easily be opened from the bottom, so water will flow through. Place in a se- each individual firework. Each case is different requirements: inside. In a fire, your life will depend on it! cure base and keep water or wet sand in the base and it would be up to a judge to determine the • Must be able to be opened from the inside • If burglar bars are installed, your home should or use products designed to keep trees fresh exact amount. Warnings are no longer used without the use of a key or special knowledge have smoke detectors installed protecting each • Make sure the tree is far enough away (at least because of the seriousness of the firework laws. or effort (a child should be able to open the bars sleeping area or hallway. One smoke detector is 3 feet) from any heat source(candles, fireplace If a minor is caught with fireworks, the parent etc.) and easily get out). required for each level of the house and install or guardian will receive the fine even if they detectors on the ceiling near the stairway when • NEVER try to burn the tree yourself in the fire- • The recommended released mechanism for were unaware of the minor's possession and/ bedrooms are located upstairs. place to dispose of the tree. or usage. hinged burglar bars would be a single cylinder • Dispose of your tree as soon as the season is deadbolt lock with a thumb and forefinger The signal from a smoke alarm must be able to be over. Store your tree away from your home and Citizens should report all complaints regarding turn lever on the inside cylinder or other quick heard from every bedroom. allow for pick up the illegal use of fireworks directly to the HPD release device Tel-communicator (non-emergency line) at 713- Lights- 884-3131. If the citizen believes that there may • If your burglar bars require a key to open, be a fire and/or medical emergency related to keep the key near the bars, at all times, for easy • Make sure they are UL listed the use of fireworks, he/she should dial 9-1-1 access in case of fire. Review with your family • NEVER use more than 3 strands on a run (follow and request the HFD. where the key is kept and how to use it to open manufacturer’s instructions). the burglar bars.