NARA T733 R2 Guide 25
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Introduction
Title: Daring Missions of World War II Author: William B. Breuer ISBN: 0-471-40419-5 Introduction World war ii, the mightiest endeavor that history has known, was fought in many arenas other than by direct confrontation between opposing forces. One of the most significant of these extra dimensions was a secret war-within-a-war that raged behind enemy lines, a term that refers to actions taken a short dis- tance to the rear of an adversary’s battlefield positions or as far removed as a foe’s capital or major headquarters. Relentlessly, both sides sought to penetrate each other’s domain to dig out intelligence, plant rumors, gain a tactical advantage, spread propaganda, create confusion, or inflict mayhem. Many ingenious techniques were employed to infiltrate an antagonist’s territory, including a platoon of German troops dressed as women refugees and pushing baby carriages filled with weapons to spearhead the invasion of Belgium. Germans also wore Dutch uniforms to invade Holland. The Nazi attack against Poland was preceded by German soldiers dressed as civilians and by others wearing Polish uniforms. In North Africa, British sol- diers masqueraded as Germans to strike at enemy airfields, and both sides dressed as Arabs on occasion. One British officer in Italy disguised himself as an Italian colonel to get inside a major German headquarters and steal vital information. In the Pacific, an American sergeant of Japanese descent put on a Japan- ese officer’s uniform, sneaked behind opposing lines, and brought back thir- teen enemy soldiers who had obeyed his order to lay down their weapons. -
Guides to German Records Microfilmed at Alexandria, Va
GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA. No. 32. Records of the Reich Leader of the SS and Chief of the German Police (Part I) The National Archives National Archives and Records Service General Services Administration Washington: 1961 This finding aid has been prepared by the National Archives as part of its program of facilitating the use of records in its custody. The microfilm described in this guide may be consulted at the National Archives, where it is identified as RG 242, Microfilm Publication T175. To order microfilm, write to the Publications Sales Branch (NEPS), National Archives and Records Service (GSA), Washington, DC 20408. Some of the papers reproduced on the microfilm referred to in this and other guides of the same series may have been of private origin. The fact of their seizure is not believed to divest their original owners of any literary property rights in them. Anyone, therefore, who publishes them in whole or in part without permission of their authors may be held liable for infringement of such literary property rights. Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 58-9982 AMERICA! HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION COMMITTEE fOR THE STUDY OP WAR DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECOBDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXAM)RIA, VA. No* 32» Records of the Reich Leader of the SS aad Chief of the German Police (HeiehsMhrer SS und Chef der Deutschen Polizei) 1) THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION (AHA) COMMITTEE FOR THE STUDY OF WAE DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA* This is part of a series of Guides prepared -
Deutsche Generäle in Britischer Gefangenschaft 1942–1945. Eine
289 Von vielen deutschen Generälen des Zweiten Weltkriegs sind häufig nur die Laufbahndaten bekannt; Briefe und Tagebücher liegen nur wenige vor. Für die For schung sind sie oft genug nur eingeschränkt zugänglich. So fällt es nach wie vor schwer, zu beurteilen, wie die Generale selbst die militärischen und politischen Geschehnisse der Zeit zwischen 1939 und 1945 rezipiert haben und welche Folgerungen sie daraus zogen. Wichtige Aufschlüsse über ihre Kenntnisse von den nationalsozialistischen Massenmorden oder ihr Urteil über den deutschen Widerstand gegen Hitler bieten jedoch die Abhörprotokolle deutscher Stabsoffiziere in britischer Kriegsgefangen schaft. Sönke Neitzel Deutsche Generäle in britischer Gefangenschaft 1942-1945 Eine Auswahledition der Abhörprotokolle des Combined Services Detailed Interrogation Centre UK Die deutsche Generalität hat sich der öffentlichen Reflexion über ihre Rolle wäh rend des Zweiten Weltkrieges weitgehend verschlossen. Das Bild, das sie vor allem in ihren Memoiren von sich selbst zeichnete, läßt sich verkürzt auf die Formel bringen: Sie hat einen sauberen Krieg geführt, hatte von Kriegsverbrechen größe ren Ausmaßes keine oder kaum Kenntnis, und die militärische Niederlage war zu einem Gutteil den dilettantischen Eingriffen Hitlers als Obersten Befehlshaber in die Kriegführung zuzuschreiben. Es erübrigt sich näher darauf einzugehen, daß dieses Bild von der Geschichts wissenschaft längst gründlich widerlegt worden ist. Aber nach wie vor wissen wir wenig darüber, wie die Generäle die Zeit zwischen 1939 und 1945 rezipiert haben, welche Kenntnis sie von den militärischen und politischen Geschehnissen hatten, die über ihren engen Arbeitsbereich hinausgingen, und welche Schlußfolgerungen sie hieraus zogen. Zur Durchleuchtung dieses Komplexes ist vor allem der Rück griff auf persönliche Quellen wie Briefe und Tagebücher notwendig, die allerdings nur von einem kleinen Personenkreis vorliegen und zudem oft auch nur beschränkt zugänglich sind, da sie sich in Privatbesitz befinden1. -
A Counterintelligence Reader, Volume 2 Chapter 1, CI in World
CI in World War II 113 CHAPTER 1 Counterintelligence In World War II Introduction President Franklin Roosevelts confidential directive, issued on 26 June 1939, established lines of responsibility for domestic counterintelligence, but failed to clearly define areas of accountability for overseas counterintelligence operations" The pressing need for a decision in this field grew more evident in the early months of 1940" This resulted in consultations between the President, FBI Director J" Edgar Hoover, Director of Army Intelligence Sherman Miles, Director of Naval Intelligence Rear Admiral W"S" Anderson, and Assistant Secretary of State Adolf A" Berle" Following these discussions, Berle issued a report, which expressed the Presidents wish that the FBI assume the responsibility for foreign intelligence matters in the Western Hemisphere, with the existing military and naval intelligence branches covering the rest of the world as the necessity arose" With this decision of authority, the three agencies worked out the details of an agreement, which, roughly, charged the Navy with the responsibility for intelligence coverage in the Pacific" The Army was entrusted with the coverage in Europe, Africa, and the Canal Zone" The FBI was given the responsibility for the Western Hemisphere, including Canada and Central and South America, except Panama" The meetings in this formative period led to a proposal for the organization within the FBI of a Special Intelligence Service (SIS) for overseas operations" Agreement was reached that the SIS would act -
Full List of Files Released L C P First Date Last Date Scope/Content
Full list of files released L C P First Date Last Date Scope/Content Former Ref Note KV 2 WORLD WAR II KV 2 German Intelligence Agents and Suspected Agents KV 2 3386 06/03/1935 18/08/1953 Greta Lydia OSWALD: Swiss. Imprisoned in PF 45034 France on grounds of spying for Germany in 1935, OSWALD was said to be working for the Gestapo in 1941 KV 2 3387 12/11/1929 12/01/1939 Oscar Vladimirovich GILINSKY alias PF 46098 JILINSKY, GILINTSIS: Latvian. An arms dealer VOL 1 in Paris, in 1937 GILINSKY was purchasing arms for the Spanish Popular Front on behalf of the Soviet Government. In November 1940 he was arrested by the Germans in Paris but managed to obtain an exit permit. He claimed he achieved this by bribing individual Germans but, after ISOS material showed he was regarded as an Abwehr agent, he was removed in Trinidad from a ship bound for Buenos Aires and brought to Camp 020 for interrogation. He was deported in 1946 KV 2 3388 13/01/1939 16/02/1942 Oscar Vladimirovich GILINSKY alias PF 46098 JILINSKY, GILINTSIS: Latvian. An arms dealer VOL 2 in Paris, in 1937 GILINSKY was purchasing arms for the Spanish Popular Front on behalf of the Soviet Government. In November 1940 he was arrested by the Germans in Paris but managed to obtain an exit permit. He claimed he achieved this by bribing individual Germans but, after ISOS material showed he was regarded as an Abwehr agent, he was removed in Trinidad from a ship bound for Buenos Aires and brought to Camp 020 for interrogation. -
Critical Analysis of German Operational Intelligence Part II
UNCLASSIFIED Critical Analysis of German Operational Intelligence Part II Sources of Intelligence work, and many German field orders stress the impor tance of the capture, preservation, and quick evalua The study of sources and types of intelligence tion of enemy documents; but they paid scant atten available to the Germans shows clearly how the inher tion to adequate training of personnel, and no ent weaknesses· of their intelligence system extended outstanding work seems to have been done. During the to their detailed work. The insufficient importance second half of the war, the amount of captured they attributed to intelligence meant that all its documents in German hands decreased, owing to the branches suffered from shortage of personnel and nature of their defensive warfare, and the opportunity equipment; and, although in some fields there was an for good document work became fewer. approach to German thoroughness, in the main the That the Germans were capable of good detailed lack of attention to detail was surprising. work is shown by their practice in the Internment The interrogation of prisoners of war, which they Center for Captured Air Force Personnel at Oberursel, regarded as one of their most fruitful sources of where all Allied air crews were first interrogated. The information, is a good example. In the beginning of German specialists here realized the value of combined the war, their need for detailed and comprehensive document and interrogation work, and devised an interrogation was small; but even later, a standard excellent system of analysis. In order to identify the OKH questionnaire was still being used and at no time units of their prisoners - a matter of the highest was much initiative shown on the part of interrogators. -
NUREMBERG) Judgment of 1 October 1946
INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL (NUREMBERG) Judgment of 1 October 1946 Page numbers in braces refer to IMT, judgment of 1 October 1946, in The Trial of German Major War Criminals. Proceedings of the International Military Tribunal sitting at Nuremberg, Germany , Part 22 (22nd August ,1946 to 1st October, 1946) 1 {iii} THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL IN SESSOIN AT NUREMBERG, GERMANY Before: THE RT. HON. SIR GEOFFREY LAWRENCE (member for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) President THE HON. SIR WILLIAM NORMAN BIRKETT (alternate member for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) MR. FRANCIS BIDDLE (member for the United States of America) JUDGE JOHN J. PARKER (alternate member for the United States of America) M. LE PROFESSEUR DONNEDIEU DE VABRES (member for the French Republic) M. LE CONSEILER FLACO (alternate member for the French Republic) MAJOR-GENERAL I. T. NIKITCHENKO (member for the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) LT.-COLONEL A. F. VOLCHKOV (alternate member for the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) {iv} THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THE FRENCH REPUBLIC, THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND, AND THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS Against: Hermann Wilhelm Göring, Rudolf Hess, Joachim von Ribbentrop, Robert Ley, Wilhelm Keitel, Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Alfred Rosenberg, Hans Frank, Wilhelm Frick, Julius Streicher, Walter Funk, Hjalmar Schacht, Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach, Karl Dönitz, Erich Raeder, Baldur von Schirach, Fritz Sauckel, Alfred Jodl, Martin -
The Abwehr : from German Espionage Agency, to Centre of Resistance Against Hitler Student: Greg Elder Sponsor: Dr
The Abwehr : From German espionage agency, to centre of resistance against Hitler Student: Greg Elder Sponsor: Dr. Vasilis Vourkoutiotis The Project: About the Abwehr: My research for Dr. Vourkoutiotis has mainly involved searching the microfilmed finding-aids for the German The name “Abwehr” in German can be translated literally as Captured Records archive located in Washington, D.C. The task requires me to scan the microfilmed data sheets “defence.” However, despite its name, the Abwehr became one of for information relevant to the project, and then summarize that info for the Professor. The process has greatly the forefront intelligence gathering establishments in Nazi Germany. familiarized me with the everyday work of a professional historian, and some of the necessary research steps for The organization was tasked with gathering information on the a historical monograph. The project has also furthered my knowledge of German history, especially regarding country’s enemies, primarily using field-based agents. The Abwehr the different espionage organizations at work during World War II. fell under the administration of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (Supreme Command of the Armed Forces) and interacted heavily This work is in preparation for Dr. Vourkoutiotis’s eventual trip to the archives in Washington D.C. where he will with other German espionage agencies such as the locate the important documents relating to the Abwehr. The research completed by myself in Ottawa will enable Sicherheitsdienst (Security Service of the SS and Nazi Party). him to visit the archives already aware of what relevant documents exist, and where to begin in his search for primary sources. -
KV 2/94 – KV 2/99 Dr. Walter Schellenberg Survey
KV 2/94 – KV 2/99 Dr. Walter Schellenberg Survey It has to be noticed, that currently we have to deal with the conversion of the German military Abwehr into the S.S. controlled Amt VI Mil. Amt. The triggering event was the defection of the couple Vermehren to the British in Istanbul, on 7-8 February 1944. Hitler responded (on 12 February) furiously and ordered:- that from- now-on the Abwehr should become headed by the R.S.H.A. Admiral Canaris was instantly dismissed, and a merging period being initiated. The big blow was the failed assassination attempt on Hitler, on 20 July 1944. Because the Abwehr was heavily involved in this plot against Hitler, its leadership was liquidated. Now considering my current ethic dilemma: We encounter quite trustworthy statements. Though, some men have been, in a period of their lives, more or less, engaged in atrocities; or at least being responsible for it. For whatever reasons, they (often) have become involved in so-called “Einsatz-Gruppen” in Russia. Their doings have been well documented. Though, my problem:- they constitute, quite often, the only reliable source of eyewitnesses information; in the fields we are currently dealing with. Astonishing, quite many of these men were in the possession of an University Degree and often received a PhD as well; we have to bear this always in mind. Which, by the way, being much easier - than to step-down at crucial moments in life; of which’s implications they might not have been aware of, when it actually occurred. Albeit, that the sphere in which it all happened - should have triggered deep moral considerations. -
German Captured Documents Collection
German Captured Documents Collection A Finding Aid to the Collection in the Library of Congress Prepared by Allan Teichroew, Fred Bauman, Karen Stuart, and other Manuscript Division Staff with the assistance of David Morris and Alex Sorenson Manuscript Division, Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 2011 Contact information: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/mss.contact Finding aid encoded by Library of Congress Manuscript Division, 2011 Finding aid URL: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/eadmss.ms011148 Latest revision: 2012 October Collection Summary Title: German Captured Documents Collection Span Dates: 1766-1945 ID No.: MSS22160 Extent: 249,600 items ; 51 containers plus 3 oversize ; 20.5 linear feet ; 508 microfilm reels Language: Collection material in German with some English and French Repository: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Abstract: German documents captured by American military forces after World War II consisting largely of Nazi Party materials, German government and military records, files of several German officials, and some quasi-governmental records. Much of the material is microfilm of originals returned to Germany. Selected Search Terms The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the Library's online catalog. They are grouped by name of person or organization, by subject or location, and by occupation and listed alphabetically therein. People Wiedemann, Fritz, b. 1891. Fritz Wiedemann papers. Organizations Akademie für Deutsches Recht (Germany) Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund. Deutsches Ausland-Institut. Eher-Verlag. Archiv. Germany. Auswärtiges Amt. Germany. Reichskanzlei. Germany. Reichsministerium für die Besetzten Ostgebiete. Germany. Reichsministerium für Rüstung und Kriegsproduktion. Germany. Reichsministerium für Volksaufklärung und Propaganda. -
Handbook on German Army Identification
c rx . zt'fa. "r' w FOREWORD THIS HANDBOOK was prepared at the Military Intelligence Training Center, Camp Ritchie, Maryland, and is designed to provide a ready reference manual for intelligence person- nel in combat operations. The need for such a manual was so pressing that some errors and omissions are anticipated in the current edition. Any suggestions as to additions, or errors noted, should be reported directly to the Comman- dant, Military Intelligence Training Center, for correction in later editions. 513748 -- 43---1 HANDBOOK ON GERMAN ARMY IDENTIFICATION Left to right: Soldier (noncommissioned officer candidate-note silver cord across outer edge of shoulder strap), air force captain (belongs to staff, probably Air Ministry), SS Obergruppenfiihrer Josef Diet- rich (commander SS Division Adolf Hitler and chief of SS Oberabschnitt Ost), Hitler, Reichsfihrer SS Heinrich Himmler (head of the SS and German police). WAR DEPARTMENT, WASHINGTON, APRIL 9, 1943. HANDBOOK ON GERMAN ARMY IDENTIFICATION SECTION I. General. Paragraph Identification of German military and semi- military organizations --- ______ 1 II. German Order of Battle. Definition--___------------------------_ 2 Purpose and scope --- __ ___---- ----- 3 III. The German Army (Das Deutsche Heer). Uniforms and equipment-------_------- 4 German Army identifications of specialists - - 5 Colors of arms of service (Waffenfarbe) ___- _ _ 6 Enlisted men (Mannschaften)__ _____ 7 Noncommissioned officers (Unteroffiziere) .-- 8 Officers (Offiziere)--------------.--------- 9 German identification -
Hostage Case: Indictment
University of North Dakota UND Scholarly Commons Elwyn B. Robinson Department of Special Nuremberg Transcripts Collections 5-10-1947 Hostage Case: Indictment University of North Dakota Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/nuremburg-transcripts Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation University of North Dakota, "Hostage Case: Indictment" (1947). Nuremberg Transcripts. 4. https://commons.und.edu/nuremburg-transcripts/4 This Court Document is brought to you for free and open access by the Elwyn B. Robinson Department of Special Collections at UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Nuremberg Transcripts by an authorized administrator of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. I. INDICTMENT, INCLUDING APPENDIX LISTING POSITIONS OF THE DEFENDANTS The United States of America, by the undersigned Telford Taylor,Chief of Counsel for War Crimes, duly appointed to represent saidGovernment in the prosecution of war criminals, charges the defendantsherein with the commission of war crimes and crimes against humanity,as defined in Control Council Law No. 10, duly enacted by the AlliedControl Council on 20 December 1945. These crimes included murder,ill-treatment, and deportation to slave labor of prisoners of war andother members of the armed forces of nations at war with Germany, andof civilian populations of territories occupied by the German armedforces, plunder of public and private property, wanton destruction ofcities, towns, and villages, and other atrocities and offenses againstcivilian populations. The persons accused as guilty of these crimes and accordingly named as defendants in this case are: WILHELM LIST-Generalfeldmarschall (General of the Army) ; Commanderin Chief 12th Army, April-October 1941; Wehrmachtsbefehlshaber Sϋdost(Armed Forces Commander Southeast), June-October 1941; Commander inChief Army Group A, July-September 1942.