Phytoseiids As Biological Control Agents of Phytophagous Mites

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Phytoseiids As Biological Control Agents of Phytophagous Mites PHYTOSEIIDS AS BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS OF PHYTOPHAGOUS MITES IN WASHINGTON APPLE ORCHARDS By REBECCA ANN SCHMIDT-JEFFRIS A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Entomology MAY 2015 © Copyright by REBECCA ANN SCHMIDT-JEFFRIS, 2015 All Rights Reserved © Copyright by REBECCA ANN SCHMIDT-JEFFRIS, 2015 All Rights Reserved To the Faculty of Washington State University: The members of the Committee appointed to examine the dissertation of REBECCA ANN SCHMIDT-JEFFRIS find it satisfactory and recommend that it be accepted. Elizabeth H. Beers, Ph.D., Chair David W. Crowder, Ph.D. Richard S. Zack, Ph.D. Thomas R. Unruh, Ph.D. Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez, Ph.D. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank Dr. Elizabeth Beers for giving me the opportunity to work in her lab and for several years of exceptional mentoring. She has provided me with an excellent experience and is an outstanding role model. I would also like to thank the other members of my committee, Drs. Thomas Unruh, David Crowder, Nilsa Bosque-Pérez, and Richard Zack for comments on these (and other) manuscripts, and invaluable advice throughout my graduate career. Additionally, I thank the entomology faculty of Washington State University and the University of Idaho for coursework that acted as the foundation for this degree, especially Dr. Sanford Eigenbrode and Dr. James “Ding” Johnson. I also thank Dr. James McMurtry, for input on manuscripts and identification confirmation of mite specimens. I would like to acknowledge the assistance I received in conducting these experiments from our laboratory technicians, Bruce Greenfield and Peter Smytheman, my labmate Alix Whitener, and the many undergraduate technicians that helped collect data: Denise Burnett, Allie Carnline, David Gutiérrez, Kylie Martin, Benjamin Peterson, Mattie Warner, Alyssa White, and Shayla White. I would especially like to acknowledge my assistants, Jordan Takasugi and Kaitlin Parsons, without which most of this work could not have been done. I also thank Drs. Bahman Shafii, William Price, Mark Evans, and David Crowder for statistical advice. I would also like to express my gratitude to the many cooperating fieldmen and growers who allowed me to work in their orchards. I appreciate the support (both emotional and financial) that I have received from my mother, father, and sister while completing this degree and for encouraging my love of learning and science. I would also like to thank my in-laws, the entomology graduate students in Pullman, and Emily Wolfe for providing me with a family while away from home. Finally, I would like to iii thank my husband, Dennis Jeffris, for being an incredible listener and a constant source of encouragement. iv PHYTOSEIIDS AS BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS OF PHYTOPHAGOUS MITES IN WASHINGTON APPLE ORCHARDS Abstract by Rebecca Ann Schmidt-Jeffris, Ph.D. Washington State University May 2015 Chair: Elizabeth H. Beers The integrated mite management (IMM) program in Washington has depended on the biological control of spider mites provided by Galendromus occidentalis (Nesbitt). We explored methods of improving this program. A series of inundative releases of G. occidentalis was performed in commercial apple orchards. None of the releases increased G. occidentalis numbers or reduced pest spider mite populations. It was concluded that a cost prohibitive number of predators would be necessary to maintain pest mites below economic thresholds, emphasizing the importance of conservation biological control. Phytoseiids in apple orchards across Washington were sampled to determine diversity and elucidate factors affecting abundances. While the community was expected to be completely dominated by G. occidentalis , Amblydromella caudiglans (Schuester) was also highly abundant. G. occidentalis abundance was positively affected by conventional pesticide regimes and bifenazate use, whereas A. caudiglans was negatively affected by bifenazate and positively affected by herbicide strip weediness. This indicated that A. caudiglans was more susceptible to disruptive pesticide inputs than G. v occidentalis . This was confirmed by an assay wherein several orchard pesticides caused higher mortality of A. caudiglans than G. occidentalis . The recent phase out of certain orchard pesticides may have allowed A. caudiglans to become more common. To understand the mite species complex in the absence of pesticides, an insecticide-free research orchard was monitored at regular intervals during two growing seasons. Generalist phytoseiids were more common than G. occidentalis throughout both seasons. These species were nearly dependent on Aculus schlechtendali (Nalepa) as a food source, as spider mites remained scarce. This emphasizes the role of spider mites as induced pests and suggests that in the absence of pesticide applications, a complement of generalist predators is capable of maintaining spider mite populations at very low densities. G. occidentalis was also found to be less affected by leaf surfaces than generalist phytoseiids examined in previous studies. These findings indicate that G. occidentalis is biological different from the generalist phytoseiids that may replace it as pesticide use changes. Therefore, IMM must constantly be re-evaluated in order to meet orchardists’ needs. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................................... iii-iv ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................ v-vi LIST OF TABLES ...........................................................................................................................x LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... xii CHAPTER ONE: REVIEW OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL PRINCIPLES USING PHYTOSEIIDS AS MODELS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO INTEGRATED MITE MANAGEMENT IN WASHINGTON APPLE ............................................................................. 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Phytoseiids as Model Biological Control Agents ........................................................................... 3 Classical Biological Control ........................................................................................................... 5 Augmentative Biological Control ................................................................................................. 13 Conservation Biological Control .................................................................................................. 16 Integrated Mite Management in Washington Apple ..................................................................... 24 References Cited ........................................................................................................................... 27 CHAPTER TWO: RELEASES OF INSECTARY-REARED GALENDROMUS OCCIDENTALIS (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE) IN COMMERCIAL APPLE ORCHARDS ...... 55 Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... 55 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 55 Materials and Methods .................................................................................................................. 58 Results ........................................................................................................................................... 65 vii Discussion ..................................................................................................................................... 68 References Cited ........................................................................................................................... 71 CHAPTER THREE: ASSESSMENT OF MARKING TECHNIQUES FOR THE PURPOSE OF MONITORING PHYTOSEIID RELEASES ............................................................................... 87 Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... 87 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 87 Materials and Methods .................................................................................................................. 89 Results and Discussion ................................................................................................................. 92 References Cited ........................................................................................................................... 95 CHAPTER FOUR: PHYTOSEIIDS IN WASHINGTON COMMERCIAL APPLE ORCHARDS: BIODIVERSITY AND FACTORS AFFECTING ABUNDANCE ................... 101 Abstract ....................................................................................................................................... 101 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 102 Materials and Methods ...............................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • 4Th National IPM Symposium
    contents Foreword . 2 Program Schedule . 4 National Roadmap for Integrated Pest Management (IPM) . 9 Whole Systems Thinking Applied to IPM . 12 Fourth National IPM Symposium . 14 Poster Abstracts . 30 Poster Author Index . 92 1 foreword Welcome to the Fourth National Integrated Pest Management The Second National IPM Symposium followed the theme “IPM Symposium, “Building Alliances for the Future of IPM.” As IPM Programs for the 21st Century: Food Safety and Environmental adoption continues to increase, challenges facing the IPM systems’ Stewardship.” The meeting explored the future of IPM and its role approach to pest management also expand. The IPM community in reducing environmental problems; ensuring a safe, healthy, has responded to new challenges by developing appropriate plentiful food supply; and promoting a sustainable agriculture. The technologies to meet the changing needs of IPM stakeholders. meeting was organized with poster sessions and workshops covering 22 topic areas that provided numerous opportunities for Organization of the Fourth National Integrated Pest Management participants to share ideas across disciplines, agencies, and Symposium was initiated at the annual meeting of the National affiliations. More than 600 people attended the Second National IPM Committee, ESCOP/ECOP Pest Management Strategies IPM Symposium. Based on written and oral comments, the Subcommittee held in Washington, DC, in September 2001. With symposium was a very useful, stimulating, and exciting experi- the 2000 goal for IPM adoption having passed, it was agreed that ence. it was again time for the IPM community, in its broadest sense, to come together to review IPM achievements and to discuss visions The Third National IPM Symposium shared two themes, “Putting for how IPM could meet research, extension, and stakeholder Customers First” and “Assessing IPM Program Impacts.” These needs.
    [Show full text]
  • The Predatory Mite (Acari, Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata (Gamasina); Acariformes: Prostigmata) Community in Strawberry Agrocenosis
    Acta Universitatis Latviensis, Biology, 2004, Vol. 676, pp. 87–95 The predatory mite (Acari, Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata (Gamasina); Acariformes: Prostigmata) community in strawberry agrocenosis Valentîna Petrova*, Ineta Salmane, Zigrîda Çudare Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Miera 3, Salaspils LV-2169, Latvia *Corresponding author, E-mail: [email protected]. Abstract Altogether 37 predatory mite species from 14 families (Parasitiformes and Acariformes) were collected using leaf sampling and pit-fall trapping in strawberry fi elds (1997 - 2001). Thirty- six were recorded on strawberries for the fi rst time in Latvia. Two species, Paragarmania mali (Oud.) (Aceosejidae) and Eugamasus crassitarsis (Hal.) (Parasitidae) were new for the fauna of Latvia. The most abundant predatory mite families (species) collected from strawberry leaves were Phytoseiidae (Amblyseius cucumeris Oud., A. aurescens A.-H., A. bicaudus Wainst., A. herbarius Wainst.) and Anystidae (Anystis baccarum L.); from pit-fall traps – Parasitidae (Poecilochirus necrophori Vitz. and Parasitus lunaris Berl.), Aceosejidae (Leioseius semiscissus Berl.) and Macrochelidae (Macrocheles glaber Müll). Key words: agrocenosis, diversity, predatory mites, strawberry. Introduction Predatory mites play an important ecological role in terrestrial ecosystems and they are increasingly being used in management for biocontrol of pest mites, thrips and nematodes (Easterbrook 1992; Wright, Chambers 1994; Croft et al. 1998; Cuthbertson et al. 2003). Many of these mites have a major infl uence on nutrient cycling, as they are predators on other arthropods (Santos 1985; Karg 1993; Koehler 1999). In total, investigations of mite fauna in Latvia were made by Grube (1859), who found 28 species, Eglītis (1954) – 50 species, Kuznetsov and Petrov (1984) – 85 species, Lapiņa (1988) – 207 species, and Salmane (2001) – 247 species.
    [Show full text]
  • Ticks (Parasitiformes: Ixodida) on New World Wild Primates in Brazil
    International Journal of Acarology ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/taca20 Ticks (Parasitiformes: Ixodida) on new world wild primates in Brazil Thiago F. Martins, Rodrigo H. F. Teixeira, Julio C. Souza Jr, Hermes R. Luz, Mônica M. Montenegro, Leandro Jerusalinsky, Marina G. Bueno, Valeria C. Onofrio, Marinete Amorim, Gilberto S. Gazêta, Paula De J. Da Silva, Karla Bitencourth, Ana B. P. Borsoi, Sandro Marques, Marco O. Mattos Jr, Leandra S. I. Hernandes, Alessandra Scofild, Rafael F. C. Vieira, Richard C. Pacheco, Maurício C. Horta, Valéria P. da Silva, Patrícia W. Silva, Claudia A. Igayara, Thais C. Sanches, Marcello S. Nardi, Camile Lugarini, Natasha L. Maia, Cláudio L. M. de Siqueira, Juliana M. Ferreira, João F. Soares & Marcelo B. Labruna To cite this article: Thiago F. Martins, Rodrigo H. F. Teixeira, Julio C. Souza Jr, Hermes R. Luz, Mônica M. Montenegro, Leandro Jerusalinsky, Marina G. Bueno, Valeria C. Onofrio, Marinete Amorim, Gilberto S. Gazêta, Paula De J. Da Silva, Karla Bitencourth, Ana B. P. Borsoi, Sandro Marques, Marco O. Mattos Jr, Leandra S. I. Hernandes, Alessandra Scofild, Rafael F. C. Vieira, Richard C. Pacheco, Maurício C. Horta, Valéria P. da Silva, Patrícia W. Silva, Claudia A. Igayara, Thais C. Sanches, Marcello S. Nardi, Camile Lugarini, Natasha L. Maia, Cláudio L. M. de Siqueira, Juliana M. Ferreira, João F. Soares & Marcelo B. Labruna (2021): Ticks (Parasitiformes: Ixodida) on new world wild primates in Brazil, International Journal of Acarology, DOI: 10.1080/01647954.2020.1870554 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/01647954.2020.1870554 Published online: 03 Mar 2021.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetics of Foraging Behavior of the Predatory Mite, Phytoseiulus Persimilis
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by K-State Research Exchange GENETICS OF FORAGING BEHAVIOR OF THE PREDATORY MITE, PHYTOSEIULUS PERSIMILIS by BHANU S. KONAKANDLA B.S., Angrau, India, 1999 A THESIS submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF SCIENCE Department of Entomology College of Agriculture KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2006 Approved by: Major Professor David C. Margolies Co-Major Professor Yoonseong Park ABSTRACT Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is a specialist predator on tetranychid mites, especially on the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). The foraging environment of the predatory mites consists of prey colonies distributed in patches within and among plants. Quantitative genetic studies have shown genetic variation in, and phenotypic correlations among, several foraging behaviors within populations of the predatory mite, P. persimilis. The correlations between patch location, patch residence, consumption and oviposition imply possible fitness trade-offs. We used molecular techniques to investigate genetic variation underlying the foraging behaviors. However, these genetic studies require a sufficiently large amount of DNA which was a limiting factor in our studies. Therefore, we developed a method for obtaining DNA from a single mite by using a chelex extraction followed by whole genome amplification. Whole genome amplification from a single mite provided us with a large quantity of high-quality DNA. We obtained more than a ten thousand-fold amplified DNA from a single mite using 0.01ng as template DNA. Sequence polymorphisms of P. persimilis were analyzed for nuclear DNA Inter Transcribed Spacers (ITS1 & ITS2) and for a mitochondrial12S rRNA.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Methyl Salicylate Lures on Populations of Typhlodromus Pyri (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and Other Natural Enemies in Western Oregon Vineyards ⇑ Angela N
    Biological Control 63 (2012) 48–55 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Biological Control journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ybcon Evaluation of methyl salicylate lures on populations of Typhlodromus pyri (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and other natural enemies in western Oregon vineyards ⇑ Angela N. Gadino a, , Vaughn M. Walton a, Jana C. Lee b a Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-7304, USA b USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, 3420 NW Orchard Ave., Corvallis, OR 97330, USA highlights graphical abstract " The effect of methyl salicylate (MeSA) was evaluated on natural enemies and pests. " Attraction to MeSA was not consistent for Typhlodromus pyri between vineyards. " Coccinellids were attracted to MeSA treatments showing higher seasonal abundance. " MeSA lures did not impact pest populations in the investigated vineyards. article info abstract Article history: Methyl salicylate (MeSA), a herbivore-induced plant volatile, can elicit control of pests through attraction Received 6 April 2012 of beneficial arthropods. This study evaluates the effect of synthetic MeSA lures (PredaLure) on arthropod Accepted 18 June 2012 populations during the 2009 and 2010 seasons in two Oregon vineyards (Dayton and Salem). MeSA lures Available online 26 June 2012 were deployed at a low (4/plot or 260 lures/ha) and high (8/plot or 520 lures/ha) rate in 152 m2 plots while control plots contained no lure. The predatory mite Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten is considered to be Keywords: a key biological control agent of the grapevine rust mite, Calepitrimerus vitis Nalepa in Oregon vineyards. Herbivore-induced plant volatile Leaf samples were collected to assess T.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Structure of Mites (Acari: Acariformes and Parasitiformes) in Nests of the Semi-Collared Flycatcher (Ficedula Semitorquata) R
    International Research Journal of Natural Sciences Vol.3, No.3, pp.48-53, December 2015 ___Published by European Centre for Research Training and Development UK (www.eajournals.org) COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MITES (ACARI: ACARIFORMES AND PARASITIFORMES) IN NESTS OF THE SEMI-COLLARED FLYCATCHER (FICEDULA SEMITORQUATA) R. Davidova, V. Vasilev, N. Ali, J. Bakalova Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen, 115, Universitetska Str., Shumen, 9700, Bulgaria. ABSTRACT: The aims of the present paper are to establish the specific structure of communities of prostigmatic and mesostigmatic mites in nests of the semi-collared flycatcher (Ficedula semitorquata) and to compare the fauna with the mites in nests of two other European flycatchers. For analysis of community structure of mites were used the indices: prevalence, relative density, mean intensity and dominance. Mite communities are strongly dominated by the species Dermanyssus gallinae and Ornithonyssus sylviarum, which were found with the highest frequency and dominance. The mite communities are characterized by a large number of subrecedent species. KEYWORDS: Acariformes, Parasitiformes, Nest of Bird, Community Structure INTRODUCTION The nests of different species of birds are an example of a fairly unstable and isolated habitat, with its own dependent on it specific fauna which involves different groups of invertebrate animals. One of the components of this fauna which demonstrates particular abundance is the arthropods, and more specifically, the mites. The studies of Parasitiformes show that mesostigmatic mites living in birds' nests vary both in terms of their species affiliation and the structure of their communities [4, 8]. Highly important with respect to veterinary science and medicine are a number of species, such as Ornithonyssus bursa, Ornithonyssus sylviarum, Dermanyssus gallinae harboured by birds, Ornithonyssus bacoti, harboured by rodents, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Mesostigmata No
    16 (1) · 2016 Christian, A. & K. Franke Mesostigmata No. 27 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1 – 41 Acarological literature .................................................................................................................................................... 1 Publications 2016 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Publications 2015 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Publications, additions 2014 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 17 Publications, additions 2013 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Publications, additions 2012 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Publications, additions 2011 ......................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Typhlodromalus Aripo De Leon
    Typhlodromalus aripo De Leon (Acari: Phytoseiidae) development and reproduction on major cassava pests at different temperatures and humidities: an indication of enhanced mite resilience D.L. Mutisya, E.M. El-Banhawy, C.W. Kariuki, C.P.M. Khamala To cite this version: D.L. Mutisya, E.M. El-Banhawy, C.W. Kariuki, C.P.M. Khamala. Typhlodromalus aripo De Leon (Acari: Phytoseiidae) development and reproduction on major cassava pests at different temperatures and humidities: an indication of enhanced mite resilience. Acarologia, Acarologia, 2014, 54 (4), pp.395-407. 10.1051/acarologia/20142145. hal-01565729 HAL Id: hal-01565729 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01565729 Submitted on 20 Jul 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License ACAROLOGIA A quarterly journal of acarology, since 1959 Publishing on all aspects of the Acari All information: http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/acarologia/ [email protected] Acarologia is proudly non-profit, with no page charges and free open access Please help us maintain this system by encouraging your institutes to subscribe to the print version of the journal and by sending us your high quality research on the Acari.
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductive Parameters of Phytoseiulus Macropilis (Banks) Fed with Tetranychus Urticae Koch (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae) in Laboratory G
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.13115 Original Article Reproductive parameters of Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks) fed with Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae) in laboratory G. C. Souza-Pimentela*, P. R. Reisb, C. R. Bonattoc, J. P. Alvesc and M. F. Siqueirac aPostgraduate Program in Entomology, Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, CP 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil bEmpresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais – EPAMIG/EcoCentro, CP 176, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil cUniversidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, CP 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil *e-mail: [email protected] Received: August 24, 2015 – Accepted: December 14, 2015 – Distributed: February 28, 2017 (With 1 figure) Abstract Predatory mites that belong to the Phytoseiidae family are one of the main natural enemies of phytophagous mites, thus allowing for their use as a biological control. Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks, 1904) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is among the main species of predatory mites used for this purpose. Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae) is considered to be one of the most important species of mite pests and has been described as attacking over 1,100 species of plants in 140 families with economic value. The objective of the present study was to investigate, in the laboratory, the reproductive parameters of the predatory mite P. macropilis when fed T. urticae. Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions at 25 ± 2 °C of temperature, 70 ± 10% RH and 14 hours of photophase. In addition, biological aspects were evaluated and a fertility life table was established. The results of these experiments demonstrated that the longevity of adult female was 27.5 days and adult male was 29.0 days.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of a Workshop on Biodiversity Dynamics on La Réunion Island
    PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP ON BIODIVERSITY DYNAMICS ON LA RÉUNION ISLAND ATELIER SUR LA DYNAMIQUE DE LA BIODIVERSITE A LA REUNION SAINT PIERRE – SAINT DENIS 29 NOVEMBER – 5 DECEMBER 2004 29 NOVEMBRE – 5 DECEMBRE 2004 T. Le Bourgeois Editors Stéphane Baret, CIRAD UMR C53 PVBMT, Réunion, France Mathieu Rouget, National Biodiversity Institute, South Africa Ingrid Nänni, National Biodiversity Institute, South Africa Thomas Le Bourgeois, CIRAD UMR C53 PVBMT, Réunion, France Workshop on Biodiversity dynamics on La Reunion Island - 29th Nov. to 5th Dec. 2004 WORKSHOP ON BIODIVERSITY DYNAMICS major issues: Genetics of cultivated plant ON LA RÉUNION ISLAND species, phytopathology, entomology and ecology. The research officer, Monique Rivier, at Potential for research and facilities are quite French Embassy in Pretoria, after visiting large. Training in biology attracts many La Réunion proposed to fund and support a students (50-100) in BSc at the University workshop on Biodiversity issues to develop (Sciences Faculty: 100 lecturers, 20 collaborations between La Réunion and Professors, 2,000 students). Funding for South African researchers. To initiate the graduate grants are available at a regional process, we decided to organise a first or national level. meeting in La Réunion, regrouping researchers from each country. The meeting Recent cooperation agreements (for was coordinated by Prof D. Strasberg and economy, research) have been signed Dr S. Baret (UMR CIRAD/La Réunion directly between La Réunion and South- University, France) and by Prof D. Africa, and former agreements exist with Richardson (from the Institute of Plant the surrounding Indian Ocean countries Conservation, Cape Town University, (Madagascar, Mauritius, Comoros, and South Africa) and Dr M.
    [Show full text]
  • (Banks) on Primocane-Fruiting Blackberries (Rubus L. Subgenus Rubus) in Arkansas Jessica Anne Lefors University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
    University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 5-2018 Seasonal Phenology, Distribution and Treatments for Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) on Primocane-fruiting Blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) in Arkansas Jessica Anne LeFors University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Entomology Commons, Fruit Science Commons, Horticulture Commons, and the Plant Pathology Commons Recommended Citation LeFors, Jessica Anne, "Seasonal Phenology, Distribution and Treatments for Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) on Primocane- fruiting Blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) in Arkansas" (2018). Theses and Dissertations. 2730. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2730 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Seasonal Phenology, Distribution and Treatments for Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) on Primocane-fruiting Blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) in Arkansas A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Entomology by Jessica Anne LeFors Texas Tech University Bachelor of Science in Horticulture, 2015 May 2018 University of Arkansas This thesis is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. _______________________________ Donn T. Johnson, Ph.D Thesis Director _______________________________ _______________________________ Oscar Alzate, Ph.D Terry Kirkpatrick, Ph.D Committee Member Committee Member _______________________________ Allen Szalanski, Ph.D Committee Member Abstract Worldwide, blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) are an economically important crop. In 2007, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (broad mites), were first reported damaging primocane-fruiting blackberries in Fayetteville, Arkansas.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA AGRARIA “ANTONIO NARRO” DIVISION DE AGRONOMIA Determinación De La Respuesta Funcional De Euseius Mesem
    UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA AGRARIA “ANTONIO NARRO” DIVISION DE AGRONOMIA Determinación de la Respuesta Funcional de Euseius mesembrinus (Dean) en Función de la Densidad de Eutetranychus banksi (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae: Tetranychidae) Por: PEDRO AARON CERDA GARCIA TESIS Presentada como Requisito Parcial para Obtener el Título de: INGENIERO AGRONOMO PARASITOLOGO Buenavista, Saltillo, Coahuila, México Marzo de 1998 UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA AGRARIA “ANTONIO NARRO” “DETERMINACION DE LA RESPUESTA FUNCIONAL DE Euseius mesembrinus (Dean) EN FUNCION DE LA DENSIDAD DE Eutetranychus banksi (McGregor) (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE: TETRANYCHIDAE)” POR PEDRO AARON CERDA GARCIA QUE SOMETE A CONSIDERACION DEL H. JURADO EXAMINADOR COMO REQUISITO PARCIAL PARA OBTENER EL TITULO DE INGENIERO AGRONOMO PARASITOLOGO APROBADA POR: PRESIDENTE DEL JURADO --------------------------------------- DR. JERONIMO LANDEROS FLORES DIRECTOR EXTERNO SINODAL --------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------- DR. MOHAMMAD H. BADII Z. M.C. ANTONIO CARDENAS ELIZONDO COORDINADOR DE LA DIVISION DE AGRONOMIA --------------------------------------------------------- M.C. MARIANO FLORES DAVILA BUENAVISTA, SALTILLO, COAHUILA, MEXICO; MARZO DE 1998 DEDICATORIA A MIS PADRES: Francisco Javier Cerda Flores Mª del Rosario García Jaime Que me han dado la vida y todo el apoyo para lograr la culminación de mis estudios. A MIS HERMANOS: César Augusto Francisco Javier Amilkar Stephany Que con su cariño, me alentaron toda la carrera a dar lo mejor de mí. A MI ESPOSA: Liliana Gaytán Mendoza Gracias Liliana, por haberme enseñado lo que es el amor a través de comprensión y respeto. A MI TÍA: Cristina Cerda Flores Por ser una segunda madre durante mi estancia en Saltillo. A MIS FAMILIARES Y AMIGOS Que me brindaron su apoyo moral y grata compañía, en los momentos que me encontraba lejos de mi hogar.
    [Show full text]