Genetics of Foraging Behavior of the Predatory Mite, Phytoseiulus Persimilis
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Reproductive Parameters of Phytoseiulus Macropilis (Banks) Fed with Tetranychus Urticae Koch (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae) in Laboratory G
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.13115 Original Article Reproductive parameters of Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks) fed with Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae) in laboratory G. C. Souza-Pimentela*, P. R. Reisb, C. R. Bonattoc, J. P. Alvesc and M. F. Siqueirac aPostgraduate Program in Entomology, Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, CP 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil bEmpresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais – EPAMIG/EcoCentro, CP 176, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil cUniversidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, CP 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil *e-mail: [email protected] Received: August 24, 2015 – Accepted: December 14, 2015 – Distributed: February 28, 2017 (With 1 figure) Abstract Predatory mites that belong to the Phytoseiidae family are one of the main natural enemies of phytophagous mites, thus allowing for their use as a biological control. Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks, 1904) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is among the main species of predatory mites used for this purpose. Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae) is considered to be one of the most important species of mite pests and has been described as attacking over 1,100 species of plants in 140 families with economic value. The objective of the present study was to investigate, in the laboratory, the reproductive parameters of the predatory mite P. macropilis when fed T. urticae. Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions at 25 ± 2 °C of temperature, 70 ± 10% RH and 14 hours of photophase. In addition, biological aspects were evaluated and a fertility life table was established. The results of these experiments demonstrated that the longevity of adult female was 27.5 days and adult male was 29.0 days. -
Proceedings of a Workshop on Biodiversity Dynamics on La Réunion Island
PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP ON BIODIVERSITY DYNAMICS ON LA RÉUNION ISLAND ATELIER SUR LA DYNAMIQUE DE LA BIODIVERSITE A LA REUNION SAINT PIERRE – SAINT DENIS 29 NOVEMBER – 5 DECEMBER 2004 29 NOVEMBRE – 5 DECEMBRE 2004 T. Le Bourgeois Editors Stéphane Baret, CIRAD UMR C53 PVBMT, Réunion, France Mathieu Rouget, National Biodiversity Institute, South Africa Ingrid Nänni, National Biodiversity Institute, South Africa Thomas Le Bourgeois, CIRAD UMR C53 PVBMT, Réunion, France Workshop on Biodiversity dynamics on La Reunion Island - 29th Nov. to 5th Dec. 2004 WORKSHOP ON BIODIVERSITY DYNAMICS major issues: Genetics of cultivated plant ON LA RÉUNION ISLAND species, phytopathology, entomology and ecology. The research officer, Monique Rivier, at Potential for research and facilities are quite French Embassy in Pretoria, after visiting large. Training in biology attracts many La Réunion proposed to fund and support a students (50-100) in BSc at the University workshop on Biodiversity issues to develop (Sciences Faculty: 100 lecturers, 20 collaborations between La Réunion and Professors, 2,000 students). Funding for South African researchers. To initiate the graduate grants are available at a regional process, we decided to organise a first or national level. meeting in La Réunion, regrouping researchers from each country. The meeting Recent cooperation agreements (for was coordinated by Prof D. Strasberg and economy, research) have been signed Dr S. Baret (UMR CIRAD/La Réunion directly between La Réunion and South- University, France) and by Prof D. Africa, and former agreements exist with Richardson (from the Institute of Plant the surrounding Indian Ocean countries Conservation, Cape Town University, (Madagascar, Mauritius, Comoros, and South Africa) and Dr M. -
Control of Two-Spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus Urticae) by a Predatory Mite (Phytoseiulus Persimilis)
CONTROL OF TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE (TETRANYCHUS URTICAE) BY A PREDATORY MITE (PHYTOSEIULUS PERSIMILIS) Yong-Heon Kim Division of Entomology National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology (NIAST), RDA Korea ABSTRACT A mass rearing technique for the predatory mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, was successfully developed and used in five local Agricultural Extension Centers and by two commercial strawberry growers in Korea. Currently, biological control of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, by the predatory mite has been successfully implemented in ap- proximately 75 ha of commercial strawberry grown in vinyl greenhouses. T. urticae was effec- tively controlled by the release of predatory mites at a rate of 3/m2. At least two monthly re- leases were required, both for strawberry crops maturing at the normal time (February or early March) and for early-maturing crops (maturing in December and January). A schedule of abamectin plus the release of the predatory mites was compared with the application of fenazaquin. Abamectin enhanced the control of T. urticae significantly, whereas fenazaquin did not. Fenazaquin was not effective in controlling T. urticae. INTRODUCTION Germany, it was subsequently shipped to other parts of the world, including California (McMurtry et al. In Korea, strawberry is a favorite fruit in 1978). winter and spring. Korea’s total production of Strawberries in Korea are cultivated in strawberry ranks seventh in the world. The two- greenhouses, which keep the temperature above spotted spider mite (TSM), Tetranychus urticae 5°C over the winter (October to April). Such Koch, is an extremely difficult pest to manage on temperatures are favorable for the reproduction and strawberries. -
VINEYARD BIODIVERSITY and INSECT INTERACTIONS! ! - Establishing and Monitoring Insectariums! !
! VINEYARD BIODIVERSITY AND INSECT INTERACTIONS! ! - Establishing and monitoring insectariums! ! Prepared for : GWRDC Regional - SA Central (Adelaide Hills, Currency Creek, Kangaroo Island, Langhorne Creek, McLaren Vale and Southern Fleurieu Wine Regions) By : Mary Retallack Date : August 2011 ! ! ! !"#$%&'(&)'*!%*!+& ,- .*!/'01)!.'*&----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&2 3-! "&(')1+&'*&4.*%5"/0&#.'0.4%/+.!5&-----------------------------------------------------------------------------&6! ! &ABA <%5%+3!C0-72D0E2!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!F! &A&A! ;D,!*2!G*0.*1%-2*3,!*HE0-3#+3I!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!J! &AKA! ;#,2!0L!%+D#+5*+$!G*0.*1%-2*3,!*+!3D%!1*+%,#-.!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!B&! 7- .*+%)!"/.18+&--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&,2! ! ! KABA ;D#3!#-%!*+2%53#-*MH2I!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!BN! KA&A! O3D%-!C#,2!0L!L0-H*+$!#!2M*3#G8%!D#G*3#3!L0-!G%+%L*5*#82!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!&P! KAKA! ?%8%53*+$!3D%!-*$D3!2E%5*%2!30!E8#+3!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!&B! 9- :$"*!.*;&5'1/&.*+%)!"/.18&-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&3<! -
Phytoseiids As Biological Control Agents of Phytophagous Mites
PHYTOSEIIDS AS BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS OF PHYTOPHAGOUS MITES IN WASHINGTON APPLE ORCHARDS By REBECCA ANN SCHMIDT-JEFFRIS A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Entomology MAY 2015 © Copyright by REBECCA ANN SCHMIDT-JEFFRIS, 2015 All Rights Reserved © Copyright by REBECCA ANN SCHMIDT-JEFFRIS, 2015 All Rights Reserved To the Faculty of Washington State University: The members of the Committee appointed to examine the dissertation of REBECCA ANN SCHMIDT-JEFFRIS find it satisfactory and recommend that it be accepted. Elizabeth H. Beers, Ph.D., Chair David W. Crowder, Ph.D. Richard S. Zack, Ph.D. Thomas R. Unruh, Ph.D. Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez, Ph.D. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank Dr. Elizabeth Beers for giving me the opportunity to work in her lab and for several years of exceptional mentoring. She has provided me with an excellent experience and is an outstanding role model. I would also like to thank the other members of my committee, Drs. Thomas Unruh, David Crowder, Nilsa Bosque-Pérez, and Richard Zack for comments on these (and other) manuscripts, and invaluable advice throughout my graduate career. Additionally, I thank the entomology faculty of Washington State University and the University of Idaho for coursework that acted as the foundation for this degree, especially Dr. Sanford Eigenbrode and Dr. James “Ding” Johnson. I also thank Dr. James McMurtry, for input on manuscripts and identification confirmation of mite specimens. I would like to acknowledge the assistance I received in conducting these experiments from our laboratory technicians, Bruce Greenfield and Peter Smytheman, my labmate Alix Whitener, and the many undergraduate technicians that helped collect data: Denise Burnett, Allie Carnline, David Gutiérrez, Kylie Martin, Benjamin Peterson, Mattie Warner, Alyssa White, and Shayla White. -
Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) on Plants of the Family Solanaceae
Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) on plants of the family Solanaceae: results of a survey in the south of France and a review of world biodiversity Marie-Stéphane Tixier, Martial Douin, Serge Kreiter To cite this version: Marie-Stéphane Tixier, Martial Douin, Serge Kreiter. Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) on plants of the family Solanaceae: results of a survey in the south of France and a review of world biodiversity. Experimental and Applied Acarology, Springer Verlag, 2020, 28 (3), pp.357-388. 10.1007/s10493-020- 00507-0. hal-02880712 HAL Id: hal-02880712 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02880712 Submitted on 25 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Experimental and Applied Acarology https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-020-00507-0 Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) on plants of the family Solanaceae: results of a survey in the south of France and a review of world biodiversity M.‑S. Tixier1 · M. Douin1 · S. Kreiter1 Received: 6 January 2020 / Accepted: 28 May 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 Abstract Species of the family Phytoseiidae are predators of pest mites and small insects. Their biodiversity is not equally known according to regions and supporting plants. -
Niche Modeling May Explain the Historical Population Failure of Phytoseiulus Persimilis in Taiwan: Implications of Biocontrol Strategies
insects Article Niche Modeling May Explain the Historical Population Failure of Phytoseiulus persimilis in Taiwan: Implications of Biocontrol Strategies Jhih-Rong Liao 1 , Chyi-Chen Ho 2, Ming-Chih Chiu 3,* and Chiung-Cheng Ko 1,† 1 Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106332, Taiwan; [email protected] (J.-R.L.); [email protected] (C.-C.K.) 2 Taiwan Acari Research Laboratory, Taichung 413006, Taiwan; [email protected] 3 Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Matsuyama 7908577, Japan * Correspondence: [email protected] † Deceased, 29 October 2020. This paper is dedicated to the memory of the late Chiung-Cheng Ko. Simple Summary: Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, a mite species widely used in pest manage- ment for the control of spider mites, has been commercialized and introduced to numerous countries. In the 1990s, P. persimilis was imported to Taiwan, and a million individuals were released into the field. However, none have been observed since then. In this study, we explored the ecological niche of this species to determine reasons underlying its establishment failure. The results indicate that P. persimilis was released in areas poorly suited to their survival. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to predict the potential distribution of phytoseiids as exotic natural enemies. This process should precede the commercialization of exotic natural enemies and their introduction Citation: Liao, J.-R.; Ho, C.-C.; Chiu, into any country. M.-C.; Ko, C.-C. Niche Modeling May Explain the Historical Population Abstract: Biological control commonly involves the commercialization and introduction of natural Failure of Phytoseiulus persimilis in enemies. -
Dr. Frank G. Zalom
Award Category: Lifetime Achievement The Lifetime Achievement in IPM Award goes to an individual who has devoted his or her career to implementing IPM in a specific environment. The awardee must have devoted their career to enhancing integrated pest management in implementation, team building, and integration across pests, commodities, systems, and disciplines. New for the 9th International IPM Symposium The Lifetime Achievement winner will be invited to present his or other invited to present his or her own success story as the closing plenary speaker. At the same time, the winner will also be invited to publish one article on their success of their program in the Journal of IPM, with no fee for submission. Nominator Name: Steve Nadler Nominator Company/Affiliation: Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis Nominator Title: Professor and Chair Nominator Phone: 530-752-2121 Nominator Email: [email protected] Nominee Name of Individual: Frank Zalom Nominee Affiliation (if applicable): University of California, Davis Nominee Title (if applicable): Distinguished Professor and IPM specialist, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis Nominee Phone: 530-752-3687 Nominee Email: [email protected] Attachments: Please include the Nominee's Vita (Nominator you can either provide a direct link to nominee's Vita or send email to Janet Hurley at [email protected] with subject line "IPM Lifetime Achievement Award Vita include nominee name".) Summary of nominee’s accomplishments (500 words or less): Describe the goals of the nominee’s program being nominated; why was the program conducted? What condition does this activity address? (250 words or less): Describe the level of integration across pests, commodities, systems and/or disciplines that were involved. -
Mechanical Release of Phytoseiulus Persimilis and Amblyseius Swirskii on Protected Crops
Bulletin of Insectology 70 (2): 245-250, 2017 ISSN 1721-8861 Mechanical release of Phytoseiulus persimilis and Amblyseius swirskii on protected crops 1 2 2 Alberto LANZONI , Roberta MARTELLI , Fabio PEZZI 1Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy 2Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy Abstract The distribution of chemicals on protected crops can be critical for the operators who are forced to make frequent treatments in an enclosed environment and in the presence of high pesticide concentrations. The introduction of organic farming techniques limits these aspects but generally requires a substantial commitment of manpower for the release of beneficial organisms resulting in high costs. To evaluate the feasibility of improving the mechanical application of beneficial organisms a mechanical blower was used. The device was previously tested in the laboratory in terms of mites survival, reproduction and distribution patterns. The application of Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot and Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot against Tetranychus urticae Koch and Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) on protected crops was investigated. Different application methods of the antagonists were considered: i) hand-sprinkling, ii) separate mechanical release, iii) combined mechanical release, iv) paper sachets (Swirskii- Breeding-System). Compared to hand application the mechanical release allowed a significant reduction in time needed for the dis- tribution, while showing equal pest control effectiveness. P. persimilis was able to control T. urticae adequately in all treatments, while in the case of A. swirskii release a final spinosad application became necessary to provide effective F. occidentalis control. Key words: application technology, biological control, Frankliniella occidentalis, mechanical distribution, natural enemy re- lease, predatory mite, Tetranychus urticae. -
Microscopic Analysis of the Microbiota of Three Commercial Phytoseiidae Species (Acari: Mesostigmata)
Experimental and Applied Acarology (2020) 81:389–408 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-020-00520-3 Microscopic analysis of the microbiota of three commercial Phytoseiidae species (Acari: Mesostigmata) Jason C. Sumner‑Kalkun1 · Ian Baxter2 · M. Alejandra Perotti3 Received: 21 December 2019 / Accepted: 19 June 2020 / Published online: 7 July 2020 © The Author(s) 2020 Abstract Microbes associated with the external and internal anatomy of three commercially avail- able predatory mite species—Phytoseiulus persimilis, Typhlodromips (= Amblyseius) swirskii, and Neoseiulus (= Amblyseius) cucumeris—were examined using light micros- copy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and fuorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH). Four microbe morphotypes were observed on external body regions. These included three microfungi-like organisms (named T1, T2 and T3) and rod-shaped bacteria (T4). Mor- photypes showed unique distributions on the external body regions and certain microbes were found only on one host species. Microfungi-like T1 were present in all three species whereas T2 and T3 were present in only P. persimilis and T. swirskii, respectively. T1 and T2 microbes were most abundant on the ventral structures of the idiosoma and legs, most frequently associated with coxae, coxal folds, ventrianal shields and epigynal shields. T3 microbes were most abundant on legs and dorsal idiosoma. T4 microbes were less abun- dant and were attached to epigynal shields of N. cucumeris and T. swirskii. Signifcant dif- ferences in distribution between batches suggest temporal fuctuations in the microbiota of phytoseiids in mass-reared systems. FISH showed bacteria within the alimentary tract, in Malpighian tubules and anal atria. These may aid absorption of excretory products or maintaining gut physiology. -
The Thermal Biology and Thresholds of Phytoseiulus Macropilis Banks (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and Balaustium Hernandezi Von Heyden (Acari: Erythraeidae)
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Birmingham Research Archive, E-theses Repository The thermal biology and thresholds of Phytoseiulus macropilis Banks (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and Balaustium hernandezi von Heyden (Acari: Erythraeidae) By Megan R. Coombs A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham For the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Biosciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham September 2013 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract Phytoseiulus macropilis Banks (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and Balaustium hernandezi von Heyden (Acari: Erythraeidae) have been identified as candidate augmentative biological control agents for the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). The two-spotted spider mite is a significant pest of many commercial crops, including those grown in glasshouses. This study investigated the potential of both species to survive a typical northern European winter, and risk of establishment. The thermal thresholds of each species were also assessed to determine the efficacy of the predator in a horticultural system. Through a combination of laboratory and field trials, P. -
Predation of the Glasshouse Red Spider-Mite By
PREDATION OF THE GLASSHOUSE RED SPIDER-MITE BY PHYTOSEIULUS PERSIMILIS A.-H. by Manthri Hewage Jinasiri Piyaratna Fernando B.Sc.(Agric.), Ceylon A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of London and for the Diploma of Imperial College Department of Zoology and Applied Entomology, Imperial College of Science and Technology, Field Station, Silwood Park, Sunninghill, Ascot, Berkshire. June, 1977 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Title page 1 2 Table of contents 5 Abstract 6 Chapter 1 General introduction 1.1 Components of predation 6 1.1.1 The prey death rate (Prey density) 7 1.1.2 The prey death rate (Predator density) 8 1.1.3 The prey death rate (Prey distribution) 8 1.2 The predator rate of increase 9 11 Chapter 2 Review of literature 2.1 The prey - Tetranychus urticae Koch 11 2.1.1 Taxonomy 11 2.1.2 Biology and Ecology 11 2.1.3 Economic importance 15 16 2.1.4 Control measures 18 2.1.5 Natural enemies 21 2.2 The predator - Phytoseiulus persimilis A.-H. 21 2.2.1 Taxonomy 22 2.2.2 Biology and Ecology 2.2.3 Economic importance 24 2.2.4 Natural enemies 25 Chapter 3 Biology of Phytoseiulus persimilis A.-H. 26 3.1 Introduction 26 3.2 Stock cultures of P. persimilis and T. urticae 26 3.3 Materials and Methods 28 3 Page 3.4 Results 31 3.5 Discussion 43 Chapter 4 Functional response 46 46 4.1 Introduction 51 4.2 Materials and methods 4.2.1 The prey 52 4.2.2 The predator 52 4.2.3 The procedure 53 4.3 Method of analysis 54 4.4 Results 54 4.5 Discussion 72 4.5.1 Search-rate 75 4.5.2 Handling-time 78 4.5.3 Functional response to two prey situation 81 Chapter 5 Mutual interference 90 5.1 Introduction 94 5.2 Materials and methods 93 5.3 Method of analysis 94 5.4 Results 94 5.5 Discussion 99 Chapter 6 The response to prey distribution 102 6.1 Introduction 102 6.2 Materials and methods 104 6.3 Method of analysis 105 6.4 Results 107 6.5 Discussion 117 Chapter 7 Population interaction of F.