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Masovna Ubistva Civila U Sarajevu Za Vrijeme Opsade 1992-1995

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Masovna Ubistva Civila U Sarajevu Za Vrijeme Opsade 1992-1995 MERISA KAROVIĆ - BABIĆ MASOVNA UBISTVA CIVILA U SARAJEVU ZA VRIJEME OPSADE 1992-1995. Sarajevo, 2014. IZDAVAČ: Institut za istraživanje zločina protiv čovječnosti i međunarodnog prava Univerziteta u Sarajevu ZA IZDAVAČA: Dr. Rasim Muratović UREDNIK: Mr. sc. Elmedina Duranović RECENZENTI: Prof. dr. Husnija Kamberović Prof. dr. Smail Čekić Prof. dr. Norman Cigar Mr. sc. Mesud Šadinlija LEKTOR: Sadžida Džuvić DTP: Dipl. ing. Sead Muhić KORICE: Marko Gačnik ŠTAMPA: Štamparija Amos Graf d.o.o TIRAŽ: 1000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CIP - Katalogizacija u publikaciji Nacionalna i univerzitetska biblioteka Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo 355.1-058.65(497.6 Sarajevo)”1992/1995” 355.012(497.6 Sarajevo)”1992/1995” KAROVIĆ-Babić, Merisa Masovna ubistva civila u Sarajevu za vrijeme opsade 1992-1995 / Merisa Karović-Babić. - Sarajevo : Institut za istraživanje zločina protiv čovječnosti i međunarodnog prava Univerziteta, 2014. - 345 str. : ilustr. ; 24 cm Bibliografija: str. 273-295 i uz tekst ISBN 978-9958-028-00-7 I. Babić, Merisa Karović- vidi Karović-Babić, Merisa COBISS.BH-ID 2178432 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MERISA KAROVIĆ - BABIĆ MASOVNA UBISTVA CIVILA U SARAJEVU ZA VRIJEME OPSADE 1992-1995. Za sve žrtve barbarske opsade Sarajeva i sjećanje na njih... Sadržaj PREDGOVOR ..................................................................................13 1. UVOD.............................................................................................15 2. AGRESIJA NA RBiH I OPSADA SARAJEVA .........................23 2.1. Bosna i Hercegovina u kontekstu disolucije SFRJ ......................23 2.2. Nasilna podjela Sarajeva .............................................................33 2.3. Opsada grada. Načini i metode ratovanja ....................................39 3. MASOVNA UBISTVA CIVILA U SARAJEVU: APRIL 1992 - MAJ 1993. GODINE .........................................................49 3.1. Barikade. Početak opsade i granatiranje Sarajeva .......................49 3.2. Masakr u redu za hljeb. Ulica Vase Miskina, 27. maj 1992. godine ..........................................................................................60 3.3. Masovna ubistva civila: juni - august 1992. godine. Vojna intervencija!? Mitterrand – počasni građanin Sarajeva! ..............72 3.4. Masovna ubistva civila od septembra do decembra 1992. godine. Prva sarajevska zima pod opsadom ......................87 3.5. Masovna ubistva civila u Sarajevu i Vance-Owenov mirovni plan (januar – maj 1993. godine) ..................................96 4. SARAJEVO – SIGURNA ZONA UJEDINJENIH NACIJA ..105 4.1. Rezolucija VSUN 824; Sigurne – zaštićene zone UN-a? Maj 1993. godine........................................................................105 4.2. Masakr na nogometnom turniru – Dobrinja, 1. juni 1993. godine ...................................................................108 M. Karović-Babić, Masovna ubistva civila u Sarajevu za vrijeme opsade 1992-1995. 9 4.3.”Zaštita civilnog stanovništva u sigurnim zonama”? – Rezolucija VSUN 836. Masakr na mezarju Budakovići i granatiranje Sarajeva ................................................................113 4.4. Redovi za vodu – ljeto 1993. godine. Masakr u redu za vodu na Dobrinji – 12. juli 1993. godine ......................119 4.5. Pregovarati za vrijeme granatiranja – djelovati pod prisilom ......................................................................................123 4.6. Masovna ubistva civila: oktobar 1993 – februar 1994. godine .128 4.7. Masakr na Markalama, 5. februar 1994. godine ........................141 4.7. (a) Reakcije na masakr ..............................................................147 4.7. (b) (Ne)kažnjavanje agresora. UN ili NATO? 9. februar 1994. godine ............................................................155 4.7. (c) Metode i rezultati naknadne istrage UNPROFOR-a. 11 – 15. februar 1994. godine....................................................161 5. “POVLAČENJE” – “PREGRUPISAVANJE” TEŠKOG NAORUŽANJA OKO SARAJEVA. MASOVNA UBISTVA CIVILA: MART 1994 – AUGUST 1995. GODINE ................169 5.1. Posljedice masakra na Markalama. Prividna “normalnost” života u gradu ............................................................................169 5.2. Masovna ubistva civila: novembar – decembar 1994. godine Livanjska ulica i Buvlja pijaca ..................................................175 5.3. Sporazum o prekidu neprijateljstava i nastavak zločina u Sarajevu.......................................................................................181 5.4. Masovna ubistva civila počinjena modifikovanim aviobombama ............................................................................188 5.5. Intenzivno granatiranje grada i masovna ubistva civila: juni – august 1995. godine ........................................................200 5.6. Masakr ispred tržnice Markale, 28. august 1995. godine...........209 5.6. (a) Reakcije na masakr ispred tržnice Markale .........................220 10 M. Karović-Babić, Masovna ubistva civila u Sarajevu za vrijeme opsade 1992-1995. 5.6. (b) Posljedice masakra na Markalama i završetak opsade Sarajeva ........................................................................225 6. ZLOČINI “IZ OPSADE” POČINJENI NAD CIVILIMA U OPSADI ..............................235 7. BROJ ŽRTAVA I ODGOVORNOST ZA ZLOČINE ..............251 7.1. Ukupan broj žrtava u Sarajevu pod opsadom i lokacije masovnih ubistava civila.............................................................251 7.2. Odgovornost za masovna ubistva civila u Sarajevu za vrijeme opsade ...........................................................................255 8. ZAKLJUČAK .............................................................................267 9. IZVORI I LITERATURA .........................................................273 10. PRILOZI ...................................................................................297 M. Karović-Babić, Masovna ubistva civila u Sarajevu za vrijeme opsade 1992-1995. 11 P R E D G O V O R Osnova knjige predstavlja dorađenu verziju magistarskog rada odbranjenog 15. maja 2013. godine na Odsjeku za historiju Filozofskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Sarajevu, pred komisijom u sastavu: prof. dr. Husnija Kamberović (mentor), prof. dr. Smail Čekić (član) i prof. dr. Zijad Šehić (član). Veliku zahvalnost dugujem mentoru, prof. dr. Husniji Kamberoviću, na vrlo konstruktivnim prijedlozima i sugestijama uz pomoć kojih sam uspjela finalizirati rad u postojećem obliku. Prof. dr. Smailu Čekiću dugujem posebnu zahvalnost na bezrezervnoj podršci prilikom istraživanja, ustupanju i pomoći u pronalaženju relevantne dokumentacije koja je bila neophodna za pisanje rada, kao i svim kolegama sa Instituta za istraživanje zločina protiv čovječnosti i međunarodnog prava, Instituta za istoriju i Filozofskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Sarajevu. Zahvaljujem porodicama žrtava i očevicima koji su svojim svjedočenjem doprinijeli da se masovna ubistva civila u Sarajevu što temeljitije istraže. Za veliku i svesrdnu pomoć u prevazilaženju poteškoća prilikom istraživanja ove teme, uslijed njene nezaštićenosti historijskom distancom, zahvalna sam rukovodstvu i saradnicima Kliničkog centra Univerziteta u Sarajevu, Opće bolnice “Prim. dr. Abdulah Nakaš”, Historijskog muzeja BiH, Bošnjačkog instituta, Instituta za nestale osobe BiH, načelnicima i pomoćnicima načelnika općina Stari Grad, Novo Sarajevo, Novi Grad i Vogošća, KJKP Pokop, PD Bakije, Kantonalnog suda Sarajevo i Mediacentra: gđi. Medini Musić, gđi. Muhibi Kaljanac, mr. Elmi Hašimbegović, gđi. Amini Rizvanbegović-Džuvić, gosp. Amoru Mašoviću, gđi. Hidajeti Kadrić, gosp. Emiru Fetahagiću, gosp. Želimiru Laliću, gđi. Mersi Kustura, gđi. Zdenki Boričić-Jagar, gosp. Nuki Greboviću, gosp. Ivanu Mariću, gosp. Zijadu Spahiću, gđi. Begzadi Gavrankapetanović- Salihagić, gosp. Slobodanu Nikoliću, gosp. Midhatu Dedoviću, gđi Gordani Ostojić, gosp. Draganu Goluboviću, gosp. Mustafi Mustafiću, čijom susretljivošću su nam ustupljeni prepisi dijela dokumentacije ili omogućeno istraživanje u navedenim institucijama. M. Karović-Babić, Masovna ubistva civila u Sarajevu za vrijeme opsade 1992-1995. 13 Također, zahvaljujem recenzentima prof. dr. Smailu Čekiću, prof. dr. Husniji Kamberoviću, prof. dr. Normanu Cigaru i mr. sci. Mesudu Šadinliji na korisnim sugestijama i preporuci za štampanje knjige. Federalnom ministarstvu obrazovanja i nauke, Ministarstvu za obrazovanje nauku i mlade Kantona Sarajevo i Ministarstvu kulture i sporta Kantona Sarajevo dugujemo zahvalnost na sufinansiranju istraživanja i pomoći u objavi knjige. I na kraju, najbitnija i najveća zahvalnost pripada mojim dragim roditeljima, Avdu i Adili Karović, koji su bili bezrezervna podrška, te prvi čitatelji i kritičari svakog novog poglavlja ove knjige. Ne postoje riječi zahvalnosti kojima bih opisala vrijednost njihove podrške tokom svih istraživačkih faza izrade rada, a koje je u velikoj mjeri zaokupljalo i vrijeme i prostor. Također, veoma sam zahvalna mom suprugu Izudinu Babiću što je temeljito pročitao rukopis, dao vrlo korisne sugestije i bio od velike pomoći u prevazilaženju svih mojih istraživačkih dilema. 14 M. Karović-Babić, Masovna ubistva civila u Sarajevu za vrijeme opsade 1992-1995. 1. UVOD U kontekstu disolucije SFRJ i agresije na međunarodno priznatu Republiku Bosnu i Hercegovinu, opsada Sarajeva, popraćena najbrutalnijim zločinima obilježila je
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