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Beaver Street Fisheries, Inc
Why Participate? How ODP Works What's Included? About Us News Beaver Street Fisheries, Inc. Beaver Street Fisheries is a leading importer, manufacturer and distributor of quality frozen seafood products from the USA and around the world. With headquarters in Jacksonville, Florida, a vertically integrated supply chain, and the advantage of both on-site and off-shore processing capabilities, Beaver Street Fisheries offers a wide variety of products, competitive pricing, and can satisfy the diverse needs of wholesale, retail, institutional and foodservice operators. The success and reputation that Beaver Street Fisheries enjoys is attributed to its dedication to undeniable quality, efficient, and attentive service and the disciplined exercise of a single principle, "Treat the customer as you would a friend and all else will follow.” 2019 Number of Wild Caught Number of Certified Number of Fisheries in a Number of Farmed Species Used Fisheries FIP Species Used 21 16 11 3 Production Methods Used · Bottom trawl · Purse seine · Longlines · Rake / hand gathered / · Dredge · Handlines and pole-lines hand netted · Pots and traps · Farmed Summary For over seventy year, Beaver Street Fisheries has always been a leader in the seafood industry, and we understand that we have a global responsibility to support and sustain the earth and its ecosystems. As part of our commitment to sustainability and responsible sourcing, we work closely with our supply chain partners to embrace strategies to support the ever-growing need for responsible seafood from around the world. We do this by working with standard-setting organizations for wild caught and aquaculture seafood. Additionally, we have partnered with Sustainable Fisheries Partnership (SFP) to help us develop and implement fishery improvement projects for both wild and farmed raised species. -
Genetic Identification of Octopodidae Species in Southern California Seafood Markets: Species Diversity and Resource Implications
Genetic Identification of Octopodidae Species in Southern California Seafood Markets: Species Diversity and Resource Implications Chase Martin Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego Abstract Various species of Octopodidae are commonly found in seafood markets throughout Southern California. Most of the octopus available for purchase is imported, with the majority of imports coming from various Asian nations. Despite the diversity of global octopus species, products are most commonly labeled as simply “octopus,” with some distinctions being made in size, e.g., “baby” or “little octopus.” In efforts to characterize species diversity, this study genetically tested 59 octopus samples from a variety of seafood markets in Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego Counties. Universal 16S rRNA primers (ref) and CO1 primers developed by Folmer et al. (1994) were used for PCR amplification and sequencing of mtDNA. In all, 105 sequences were acquired. Seven species were identified with some confidence. Amphioctopus aegina was the most prevalent species, while two additional species were undetermined. Little available data exists pertaining to octopus fisheries of the countries of production of the samples. Most available information on octopus fisheries pertains to those of Mediterranean and North African nations, and identifies the Octopus vulgaris as the fished species. Characterizing octopus diversity in Southern California seafood markets and assessing labeling and countries of production provides the necessary first step for assessing the possible management implications of these fisheries and seafood supply chain logistics for this group of cephalopods. Introduction Octopuses are exclusively marine cephalopod mollusks that form the order Octopoda. -
Bilimsel Araştırma Projesi (8.011Mb)
1 T.C. GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu Sonuç Raporu Proje No: 2008/26 Projenin Başlığı AMASYA, SİVAS VE TOKAT İLLERİNİN KELKİT HAVZASINDAKİ FARKLI BÖCEK TAKIMLARINDA BULUNAN TACHINIDAE (DIPTERA) TÜRLERİ ÜZERİNDE ÇALIŞMALAR Proje Yöneticisi Prof.Dr. Kenan KARA Bitki Koruma Anabilim Dalı Araştırmacı Turgut ATAY Bitki Koruma Anabilim Dalı (Kasım / 2011) 2 T.C. GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu Sonuç Raporu Proje No: 2008/26 Projenin Başlığı AMASYA, SİVAS VE TOKAT İLLERİNİN KELKİT HAVZASINDAKİ FARKLI BÖCEK TAKIMLARINDA BULUNAN TACHINIDAE (DIPTERA) TÜRLERİ ÜZERİNDE ÇALIŞMALAR Proje Yöneticisi Prof.Dr. Kenan KARA Bitki Koruma Anabilim Dalı Araştırmacı Turgut ATAY Bitki Koruma Anabilim Dalı (Kasım / 2011) ÖZET* 3 AMASYA, SİVAS VE TOKAT İLLERİNİN KELKİT HAVZASINDAKİ FARKLI BÖCEK TAKIMLARINDA BULUNAN TACHINIDAE (DIPTERA) TÜRLERİ ÜZERİNDE ÇALIŞMALAR Yapılan bu çalışma ile Amasya, Sivas ve Tokat illerinin Kelkit havzasına ait kısımlarında bulunan ve farklı böcek takımlarında parazitoit olarak yaşayan Tachinidae (Diptera) türleri, bunların tanımları ve yayılışlarının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için farklı böcek takımlarına ait türler laboratuvarda kültüre alınarak parazitoit olarak yaşayan Tachinidae türleri elde edilmiştir. Kültüre alınan Lepidoptera takımına ait türler içerisinden, Euproctis chrysorrhoea (L.), Lymantria dispar (L.), Malacosoma neustrium (L.), Smyra dentinosa Freyer, Thaumetopoea solitaria Freyer, Thaumetopoea sp. ve Vanessa sp.,'den parazitoit elde edilmiş, -
Schutz Des Naturhaushaltes Vor Den Auswirkungen Der Anwendung Von Pflanzenschutzmitteln Aus Der Luft in Wäldern Und Im Weinbau
TEXTE 21/2017 Umweltforschungsplan des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz, Bau und Reaktorsicherheit Forschungskennzahl 3714 67 406 0 UBA-FB 002461 Schutz des Naturhaushaltes vor den Auswirkungen der Anwendung von Pflanzenschutzmitteln aus der Luft in Wäldern und im Weinbau von Dr. Ingo Brunk, Thomas Sobczyk, Dr. Jörg Lorenz Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät für Umweltwissenschaften, Institut für Forstbotanik und Forstzoologie, Tharandt Im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes Impressum Herausgeber: Umweltbundesamt Wörlitzer Platz 1 06844 Dessau-Roßlau Tel: +49 340-2103-0 Fax: +49 340-2103-2285 [email protected] Internet: www.umweltbundesamt.de /umweltbundesamt.de /umweltbundesamt Durchführung der Studie: Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät für Umweltwissenschaften, Institut für Forstbotanik und Forstzoologie, Professur für Forstzoologie, Prof. Dr. Mechthild Roth Pienner Straße 7 (Cotta-Bau), 01737 Tharandt Abschlussdatum: Januar 2017 Redaktion: Fachgebiet IV 1.3 Pflanzenschutz Dr. Mareike Güth, Dr. Daniela Felsmann Publikationen als pdf: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen ISSN 1862-4359 Dessau-Roßlau, März 2017 Das diesem Bericht zu Grunde liegende Vorhaben wurde mit Mitteln des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz, Bau und Reaktorsicherheit unter der Forschungskennzahl 3714 67 406 0 gefördert. Die Verantwortung für den Inhalt dieser Veröffentlichung liegt bei den Autorinnen und Autoren. UBA Texte Entwicklung geeigneter Risikominimierungsansätze für die Luftausbringung von PSM Kurzbeschreibung Die Bekämpfung -
Recognizing Cephalopod Boreholes in Shells and the Northward Spread of Octopus Vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 (Cephalopoda, Octopodoidea)
Vita Malacologica 13: 53-56 20 December 2015 Recognizing cephalopod boreholes in shells and the northward spread of Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 (Cephalopoda, Octopodoidea) Auke-Florian HIEMSTRA Middelstegracht 20B, 2312 TW Leiden, The Netherlands email: [email protected] Key words: Cephalopods, Octopus , predation, hole-boring, The Netherlands ABSTRACT & Arnold, 1969; Wodinsky, 1969; Hartwick et al., 1978; Boyle & Knobloch, 1981; Cortez et al., 1998; Steer & Octopuses prey on molluscs by boring through their shell. Semmens, 2003; Anderson et al., 2008; for taxonomical Among the regular naticid borings, traces of cephalopod pre - updates see Norman & Hochberg, 2005). However, the habit dation should be found soon on Dutch beaches. Bottom trawl - of drilling may prove to be more widespread within octopods ing has declined, and by the effects of global warming since only few species have actually been investigated Octopus will find its way back to the North Sea where it lived (Bromley, 1993). Drilled holes were found in polypla - before. I describe the distinguishing characters for Octopus cophoran, gastropod and bivalve mollusc shells, Nautilus and bore holes, give an introduction into this type of behaviour, crustacean carapaces (Tucker & Mapes, 1978; Saunders et al., present a short history of Dutch octopuses and a prediction of 1991; Nixon & Boyle, 1982; Guerra & Nixon, 1987; Nixon et their future. al., 1988; Mather & Nixon, 1990; Nixon, 1987). Arnold & Arnold (1969) and Wodinsky (1969) both describe the act of drilling in detail. This behaviour consists INTRODUCTION of the following steps (Wodinsky, 1969): recognizing and selecting the prey, drilling a hole in the shell, ejecting a secre - Aristotle was the first to observe octopuses feed on mol - tory substance into the drilled hole, and removing the mollusc luscs (see D’Arcy Thompson, 1910), but it was Fujita who from its shell and eating it. -
Os Nomes Galegos Dos Moluscos 2020 2ª Ed
Os nomes galegos dos moluscos 2020 2ª ed. Citación recomendada / Recommended citation: A Chave (20202): Os nomes galegos dos moluscos. Xinzo de Limia (Ourense): A Chave. https://www.achave.ga /wp!content/up oads/achave_osnomesga egosdos"mo uscos"2020.pd# Fotografía: caramuxos riscados (Phorcus lineatus ). Autor: David Vilasís. $sta o%ra est& su'eita a unha licenza Creative Commons de uso a%erto( con reco)ecemento da autor*a e sen o%ra derivada nin usos comerciais. +esumo da licenza: https://creativecommons.org/ icences/%,!nc-nd/-.0/deed.g . Licenza comp eta: https://creativecommons.org/ icences/%,!nc-nd/-.0/ ega code. anguages. 1 Notas introdutorias O que cont!n este documento Neste recurso léxico fornécense denominacións para as especies de moluscos galegos (e) ou europeos, e tamén para algunhas das especies exóticas máis coñecidas (xeralmente no ámbito divulgativo, por causa do seu interese científico ou económico, ou por seren moi comúns noutras áreas xeográficas) ! primeira edición d" Os nomes galegos dos moluscos é do ano #$%& Na segunda edición (2$#$), adicionáronse algunhas especies, asignáronse con maior precisión algunhas das denominacións vernáculas galegas, corrixiuse algunha gralla, rema'uetouse o documento e incorporouse o logo da (have. )n total, achéganse nomes galegos para *$+ especies de moluscos A estrutura )n primeiro lugar preséntase unha clasificación taxonómica 'ue considera as clases, ordes, superfamilias e familias de moluscos !'uí apúntanse, de maneira xeral, os nomes dos moluscos 'ue hai en cada familia ! seguir -
Moth Phenologically Atypical Population of the Pine
Downloaded from rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org on January 15, 2010 Genetic isolation through time: allochronic differentiation of a phenologically atypical population of the pine processionary moth Helena Santos, Jérôme Rousselet, Emmanuelle Magnoux, Maria-Rosa Paiva, Manuela Branco and Carole Kerdelhué Proc. R. Soc. B 2007 274, 935-941 doi: 10.1098/rspb.2006.3767 References This article cites 30 articles, 8 of which can be accessed free http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/274/1612/935.full.html#ref-list-1 Article cited in: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/274/1612/935.full.html#related-urls Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article - sign up in the box at the top Email alerting service right-hand corner of the article or click here To subscribe to Proc. R. Soc. B go to: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/subscriptions This journal is © 2007 The Royal Society Downloaded from rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org on January 15, 2010 Proc. R. Soc. B (2007) 274, 935–941 doi:10.1098/rspb.2006.3767 Published online 16 January 2007 Genetic isolation through time: allochronic differentiation of a phenologically atypical population of the pine processionary moth Helena Santos1,Je´roˆme Rousselet2, Emmanuelle Magnoux2, Maria-Rosa Paiva3, Manuela Branco1 and Carole Kerdelhue´4,* 1ISA/DEF, Universidade Te´cnica de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-17 Lisboa, Portugal 2INRA, Centre d’Orle´ans, Unite´ de Zoologie Forestie`re, BP 20619 Ardon, 45166 Olivet Cedex, France 3FCT/UNL, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, Quinta da Torre, Monte de Caparica, 2825-114 Caparica, Portugal 4INRA, UMR Biogeco, Equipe Entomologie et Biodiversite´, 69 Route d’Arcachon, 33612 Cestas Cedex, France Allochronic speciation refers to a mode of sympatric speciation in which the differentiation of populations is primarily due to a phenological shift without habitat or host change. -
Japan Update to 05.04.2021 Approval No Name Address Products Number FROZEN CHUM SALMON DRESSED (Oncorhynchus Keta)
Japan Update to 05.04.2021 Approval No Name Address Products Number FROZEN CHUM SALMON DRESSED (Oncorhynchus keta). FROZEN DOLPHINFISH DRESSED (Coryphaena hippurus). FROZEN JAPANESE SARDINE ROUND (Sardinops 81,Misaki-Cho,Rausu- Kaneshin Tsuyama melanostictus). FROZEN ALASKA POLLACK DRESSED (Theragra chalcogramma). 1 VN01870001 Cho, Menashi- Co.,Ltd FROZEN ALASKA POLLACK ROUND (Theragra chalcogramma). FROZEN PACIFIC COD Gun,Hokkaido,Japan DRESSED. (Gadus macrocephalus). FROZEN PACIFIC COD ROUND. (Gadus macrocephalus) Maekawa Shouten Hokkaido Nemuro City Fresh Fish (Excluding Fish By-Product); Fresh Bivalve Mollusk.; Frozen Fish (Excluding 2 VN01860002 Co., Ltd Nishihamacho 10-177 Fish By-Product); Frozen Processed Bivalve Mollusk; Frozen Chum Salmon(Round,Dressed,Semi-Dressed,Fillet,Head,Bone,Skin); Frozen 1-35-1 Alaska Pollack(Round,Dressed,Semi-Dressed,Fillet); Frozen Pacific Taiyo Sangyo Co.,Ltd. 3 VN01840003 Showachuo,Kushiro- Cod(Round,Dressed,Semi-Dressed,Fillet); Frozen Pacific Saury(Round,Dressed,Semi- Kushiro Factory City,Hokkaido,Japan Dressed); Frozen Chub Mackerel(Round,Fillet); Frozen Blue Mackerel(Round,Fillet); Frozen Salted Pollack Roe 3-9 Komaba- Taiyo Sangyo Co.,Ltd. 4 VN01860004 Cho,Nemuro- Frozen Fish ; Frozen Processed Fish; (Excluding By-Product) Nemuro Factory City,Hokkaido,Japan 3-2-20 Kitahama- Marutoku Abe Suisan 5 VN01920005 Cho,Monbetu- Frozen Chum Salmon Dressed; Frozen Salmon Dressed Co.,Ltd City,Hokkaido,Japan Frozen Chum Salmon(Round,Semi-Dressed,Fillet); Frozen Salmon Milt; Frozen Pink Salmon(Round,Semi-Dressed,Dressed,Fillet); -
FRANÇOISE DANTAS DE LIMA ______Tese De Doutorado Natal/RN, Abril De 2017
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE CENTRO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM SISTEMÁTICA E EVOLUÇÃO GENÉTICA MOLECULAR E ECOLOGIA EM UMA ABORDAGEM INTEGRATIVA PARA CONSERVAÇÃO DE Octopus insularis LEITE & HAIMOVICI, 2008 NO ATLÂNTICO TROPICAL FRANÇOISE DANTAS DE LIMA ________________________________________________ Tese de Doutorado Natal/RN, abril de 2017 Françoise Dantas de Lima Genética molecular e ecologia em uma abordagem integrativa para conservação de Octopus insularis Leite & Haimovici, 2008 no Atlântico Tropical Orientador: Dr. Sergio Maia Queiroz Lima Co-orientadora: Dra. Tatiana Silva Leite Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, como requisito para obtenção do título de doutor. Abril - 2017 Natal/RN Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Sistema de Bibliotecas - SISBI Catalogação de Publicação na Fonte. UFRN - Biblioteca Setorial Prof. Leopoldo Nelson - -Centro de Biociências - CB Lima, Françoise Dantas de. Genética molecular e ecologia em uma abordagem integrativa para conservação de Octopus insularis Leite & Haimovici, 2008 no Atlântico Tropical / Françoise Dantas de Lima. - Natal, 2017. 175 f.: il. Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Centro de Biociências. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática e Evolução. Orientador: Dr. Sergio Maia Queiroz Lima. Coorientadora: Dra. Tatiana Silva Leite. 1. Filogenia - Tese. 2. Filogeografia - Tese. 3. Biogeografia - Tese. 4. Modelagem de nicho - Tese. I. Lima, Sergio Maia Queiroz. II. Leite, Tatiana Silva. III. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. IV. Título. RN/UF/BSE-CB CDU 575 Genética molecular e ecologia em uma abordagem integrativa para conservação de Octopus insularis Leite & Haimovici, 2008 no Atlântico Tropical Aprovada em: 12 de abril de 2017 BANCA EXAMINADORA: Dr. -
Climate Change VULNERABILITY and ADAPTATION of the FORESTRY
CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION FORESTRY Lebanon’s Second National Communication Ministry of Environment/UNDP 2011 VULNERABILITY, ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION CHAPTERS OF LEBANON’S SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION MOE/UNDP CLIMATE RISKS, VULNERABILITY & ADAPTATION ASSESSMENT FORESTRY 1. VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION OF THE FORESTRY SECTOR 1.1. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT 1.1.1. Background Lebanon is a highly mountainous country (highest peak at 3,090 m), with extreme variability in climatic conditions, soils and socio-economic status. Forests in Lebanon are very particular in their variation and characteristics. They represent a unique feature in the arid environment of the Eastern Mediterranean. In 2002, Forests covered 139,376 ha while Other Wooded Lands (OWLs) covered 108,378 ha, 13.3 percent and 10.37 percent of the surface area of the country respectively1. Other lands with trees (including fruit and olive trees) covered a surface of 116,210 ha (11.1%) of the surface of the country (MoA/FAO, 2005). Figure 1-1 below shows forest cover in Lebanon as illustrated by the derived forest map of Lebanon (MoA/ FAO, 2005). The forest cover is broadly divided into three main classes: Mixed Forests (15,610 ha), Broadleaves (78, 887 ha) and Coniferous (44,879 ha). On the other hand, OWLs are divided into the following classes: coniferous shrubs, broadleaved shrubs, mixed shrublands and grassland with trees (MoA/FAO, 2005). The main forests widespread in Lebanon are Quercus calliprinos, Quercus infectoria, Quercus cerris (mostly referred to as Quercus spp), Juniperus excelsa, Cedrus libani, Abies cilicica, Pinus pinea, Pinus halepensis, Pinus brutia and Cupressus sempervirens. In addition, Lebanese forests contain a wide range of aromatic, wild and medicinal plants (Asmar, 2005 a). -
A Mitogenomic Phylogeny and Genetic History of Amphioctopus Fangsiao (D’Orbigny 1839-1841) from China
Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences 6(2) 1-16 2020 A mitogenomic phylogeny and genetic history of Amphioctopus fangsiao (d’Orbigny 1839-1841) from China Lashari P.1,3; Wei Ch.; Gong L.1; Liu L.1; Jiang L.1; Liu B.1; Muhammad F.2; Laghari M.Y.3; Lashari Kh.H.3; Waryani B.3; Hlaing N.N.S.4; Yingying Ye1; Lü Z.1* Received: March 2019 Accepted: November 2019 Abstract Phylogeny and genetic diversity of Amphioctopus fangsiao were assessed by sequence analysis of complete mitochondrial genomes, sequenced from 15 individuals of nine populations. The whole mtDNA genomes size were ranging from 15977 to 15990 bp. Data revealed 1642 polymorphic sites and 1023 parsimony informative sites. The phylogenetic analysis based on neighbor joining tree disclosed two clades. It consisted of four (Dalian, Yantai, Qingdao and Nantong) and five populations (Shanghai, Zhoushan, Xiamen, Dongshan and Zhanjiang). Genetic differentiation coefficient (FST) was recorded higher i.e 0.61476. While, the AMOVA analysis showed that 61.48% of the genetic variation existed between the two clades. However, only 38.52% of the genetic variation existed within each clade. In further, the net genetic distance between the two groups was 0.030. The possible reason of differentiation is quaternary glacial period and Yangtze River. Keywords: Amphioctopus fangsiao, mtDNA, genetic differentiation, phylogeny, populations. 1-National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, College of Marine Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 17:05 +0330 on Thursday September 23rd 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.6.2.1 ] Sciences and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, No.1, Haida South Road, Lincheng Changzhi Island, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022 P.R. -
ΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΗ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ Η ΚΑΛΛΙΕΡΓΕΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΦΙΣΤΙΚΙΑΣ Pistacia Vera ΣΤΗ
ΑΝΩΤΑΤΟ ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΚΟ ΕΚΠΑΙ∆ΕΥΤΙΚΟ Ι∆ΡΥΜΑ ΚΡΗΤΗΣ ΣΧΟΛΗ ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΑΣ ΓΕΩΠΟΝΙΑΣ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΦΥΤΙΚΗΣ ΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΗΣ ΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΗ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ Η ΚΑΛΛΙΕΡΓΕΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΦΙΣΤΙΚΙΑΣ Pistacia vera ΣΤΗ ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗ ΤΗΣ ΜΑΚΡΑΚΩΜΗΣ Ν. ΦΘΙΩΤΙ∆ΑΣ ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ ΚΑΤΣΟΓΙΑΝΝΟΣ ΕΙΣΗΓΗΤΡΙΑ: ΒΟΓΙΑΤΖΑΚΗ ΑΝΤΩΝΙΑ ΗΡΑΚΛΕΙΟ 2012 1 Περιεχόµενα ΠΡΟΛΟΓΟΣ σελ. 3 1) ΤΟ ΦΙΣΤΙΚΙ ΤΗΣ ΜΑΚΡΑΚΩΜΗΣ σελ. 5 2) ΓΕΝΙΚΑ ΣΤΟΙΧΕΙΑ σελ. 8 3) ΠΟΙΚΙΛΙΕΣ ΤΗΣ ΦΙΣΤΙΚΙΑΣ σελ. 19 4) ΤΟ ΚΛΙΜΑ σελ. 23 5) Ε∆ΑΦΟΣ σελ. 27 6) ΠΟΛΛΑΠΛΑΣΙΑΣΜΟΣ σελ. 29 7) ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑΣΜΟΣ σελ. 37 8) ΕΓΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΦΙΣΤΙΚΕΩΝΑ σελ. 40 9) ΚΛΑ∆ΕΜΑ σελ. 41 10) ΛΙΠΑΝΣΗ σελ. 45 11) ΑΡ∆ΕΥΣΗ σελ. 56 12) ΤΡΟΠΟΣ ΚΑΡΠΟΦΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΦΙΣΤΙΚΙΑΣ σελ. 64 13) ΚΑΡΠΟ∆ΕΣΗ-ΚΑΡΠΟΠΤΩΣΗ-ΠΑΡΘΕΝΟΚΑΡΠΙΑ σελ. 73 14) ΑΣΘΕΝΕΙΕΣ ΤΗΣ ΦΙΣΤΙΚΙΑΣ σελ. 77 15) ΕΝΤΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΚΟΙ ΕΧΘΡΟΙ ΦΙΣΤΙΚΙΑΣ σελ. 93 16) ΩΡΙΜΑΝΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΣΥΓΚΟΜΙ∆Η ΤΩΝ ΦΙΣΤΙΚΙΩΝ σελ. 105 17) ΟΡΙΣΜΟΣ ΠΟΙΟΤΗΤΑΣ-ΚΡΙΤΗΡΙΟ ΠΟΙΟΤΗΤΑΣ σελ. 108 18) ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΙΚΑ ΓΙΑ ΤΙΣ ΑΦΛΑΤΟΞΙΝΕΣ σελ. 130 ΣΥΜΠΕΡΑΣΜΑΤΑ σελ. 134 ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ σελ. 136 2 Πρόλογος φιστικιά αποτελεί µία µικρή καλλιέργεια για την Ελλάδα παρ’ όλο που η έκταση που καταλαµβάνει έχει πολύ αυξηθεί κατά τις τελευταίες Η δεκαετίες . Είναι ένα καρποφόρο δένδρο µε µικρές απαιτήσεις ως προς το έδαφος και το κλίµα , ο δε καρπός του, το κελυφωτό φιστίκι, θεωρείται από τους πιο εύγευστους καρπούς . Ίσως αυτοί είναι οι λόγοι για τους οποίους η καλλιέργεια του δένδρου έχει επεκταθεί παγκοσµίως και αποτελεί αντικείµενο διεθνούς ενδιαφέροντος (FAO, EE κ.α. ). Ερέθισµα για την επιλογή του θέµατος ήταν η προβολή της καλλιέργειας της ιδιάιτερης πατρίδας µου που καταλαµβάνει τη κύρια θέση σε γεωργική απασχόληση στην ευρύτερη περιοχή. Σε αυτό συνέτεινε και το γεγονός ότι από πολύ νωρίς γνώρισα αυτό το δένδρο και τις ιδιοµορφίες του στους φιστικιώνες που καλλιεργούν οι συγχωριανοί µου στη Μακρακώµη Φθιώτιδας εδώ και πολλές δεκαετίες τώρα.