Phylogeny of the Eudicots : a Nearly Complete Familial Analysis Based On
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Towards an Understanding of the Evolution of Violaceae from an Anatomical and Morphological Perspective Saul Ernesto Hoyos University of Missouri-St
University of Missouri, St. Louis IRL @ UMSL Theses Graduate Works 8-7-2011 Towards an understanding of the evolution of Violaceae from an anatomical and morphological perspective Saul Ernesto Hoyos University of Missouri-St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://irl.umsl.edu/thesis Recommended Citation Hoyos, Saul Ernesto, "Towards an understanding of the evolution of Violaceae from an anatomical and morphological perspective" (2011). Theses. 50. http://irl.umsl.edu/thesis/50 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Works at IRL @ UMSL. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of IRL @ UMSL. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Saul E. Hoyos Gomez MSc. Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, University of Missouri-Saint Louis, 2011 Thesis Submitted to The Graduate School at the University of Missouri – St. Louis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science July 2011 Advisory Committee Peter Stevens, Ph.D. Chairperson Peter Jorgensen, Ph.D. Richard Keating, Ph.D. TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE BASAL EVOLUTION OF VIOLACEAE FROM AN ANATOMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE Saul Hoyos Introduction The violet family, Violaceae, are predominantly tropical and contains 23 genera and upwards of 900 species (Feng 2005, Tukuoka 2008, Wahlert and Ballard 2010 in press). The family is monophyletic (Feng 2005, Tukuoka 2008, Wahlert & Ballard 2010 in press), even though phylogenetic relationships within Violaceae are still unclear (Feng 2005, Tukuoka 2008). The family embrace a great diversity of vegetative and floral morphologies. Members are herbs, lianas or trees, with flowers ranging from strongly spurred to unspurred. -
Redalyc.Tripanocide and Antibacterial Activity of Alvaradoa Subovata Cronquist Extracts
Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas ISSN: 0717-7917 [email protected] Universidad de Santiago de Chile Chile MARTÍNEZ, M. Laura; TRAVAINI, M. Lucía; RODRIGUEZ, M. Victoria; ORELLANO, Elena; NOCITO, Isabel; SERRA, Esteban; GATTUSO, Martha; CORTADI, Adriana Tripanocide and antibacterial activity of Alvaradoa subovata Cronquist extracts Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas, vol. 12, núm. 3, mayo, 2013, pp. 302-312 Universidad de Santiago de Chile Santiago, Chile Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=85626383006 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative © 2013 Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas 12 (3): 302 - 312 ISSN 0717 7917 www.blacpma.usach.cl Artículo Original | Original Article Tripanocide and antibacterial activity of Alvaradoa subovata Cronquist extracts [Actividad tripanocida y antibacteriana de extractos de Alvaradoa subovata Cronquist] M. Laura MARTÍNEZ1, M. Lucía TRAVAINI1, M. Victoria RODRIGUEZ1, Elena ORELLANO2, Isabel NOCITO3, Esteban SERRA3, Martha GATTUSO1 & Adriana CORTADI1. 1Área Biología Vegetal 2Área Biología Molecular 3Área Parasitología. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Suipacha 531. S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina Contactos | Contacts: M. Laura MARTÍNEZ - E-mail address: [email protected] Abstract We studied antioxidant, antibacterial and tripanocide activities of Alvaradoa subovata extracts. The ethanolic extracts showed the greatest DPPH radical scavenging capacity, especially that of bark with an IC50 = 4.7 ± 0.18 µg/mL. -
Alphabetical Lists of the Vascular Plant Families with Their Phylogenetic
Colligo 2 (1) : 3-10 BOTANIQUE Alphabetical lists of the vascular plant families with their phylogenetic classification numbers Listes alphabétiques des familles de plantes vasculaires avec leurs numéros de classement phylogénétique FRÉDÉRIC DANET* *Mairie de Lyon, Espaces verts, Jardin botanique, Herbier, 69205 Lyon cedex 01, France - [email protected] Citation : Danet F., 2019. Alphabetical lists of the vascular plant families with their phylogenetic classification numbers. Colligo, 2(1) : 3- 10. https://perma.cc/2WFD-A2A7 KEY-WORDS Angiosperms family arrangement Summary: This paper provides, for herbarium cura- Gymnosperms Classification tors, the alphabetical lists of the recognized families Pteridophytes APG system in pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms Ferns PPG system with their phylogenetic classification numbers. Lycophytes phylogeny Herbarium MOTS-CLÉS Angiospermes rangement des familles Résumé : Cet article produit, pour les conservateurs Gymnospermes Classification d’herbier, les listes alphabétiques des familles recon- Ptéridophytes système APG nues pour les ptéridophytes, les gymnospermes et Fougères système PPG les angiospermes avec leurs numéros de classement Lycophytes phylogénie phylogénétique. Herbier Introduction These alphabetical lists have been established for the systems of A.-L de Jussieu, A.-P. de Can- The organization of herbarium collections con- dolle, Bentham & Hooker, etc. that are still used sists in arranging the specimens logically to in the management of historical herbaria find and reclassify them easily in the appro- whose original classification is voluntarily pre- priate storage units. In the vascular plant col- served. lections, commonly used methods are systema- Recent classification systems based on molecu- tic classification, alphabetical classification, or lar phylogenies have developed, and herbaria combinations of both. -
William Wayt Thomas1,2 & Melissa Tulig1
Rodriguésia 66(4): 983-987. 2015 http://rodriguesia.jbrj.gov.br DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860201566404 Hard Copy to Digital: Flora Neotropica and the World Flora Online William Wayt Thomas1,2 & Melissa Tulig1 Abstract One of the greatest challenges in achieving the goals of the World Flora Online (WFO) will be to make available the huge amount of botanical information that is not yet available digitally. The New York Botanical Garden is using the Flora Neotropica monograph series as a model for digitization. We describe our efforts at digitizing Flora Neotropica monographs and why digitization of hardcopy descriptions must be a priority for the WFO project. Key words: Electronic monographs, open access, Flora Neotropica, monographs. Resumo Um dos maiores desafios para alcançar as metas do projeto World Flora Online (WFO), será a disponibilizar a enorme quantidade de informações botânicas que ainda não estão disponíveis digitalmente. O New York Botanical Garden está utilizando a série de monografias da Flora Neotropica como um modelo para a digitalização. Nós aqui descrevemos nossos esforços na digitalização das monografias da Flora Neotropica e porque a digitalização das descrições impressas deve ser uma prioridade para o projeto WFO. Palavras-chave: Monografias eletrônicas, open access, Flora Neotropica, monografias. Introduction is called the World Flora Online (WFO). This consortium of professionals will create open- The World Flora Online (WFO) was access one-stop searching of world flora with developed as part of the United Nation’s Global verified information, including new and previously Strategy for Plant Conservation with the goal of published data, and coordinated with links to other providing “an online flora of all known plants,” One plant database and catalog Web sites. -
Native Plants Sixth Edition Sixth Edition AUSTRALIAN Native Plants Cultivation, Use in Landscaping and Propagation
AUSTRALIAN NATIVE PLANTS SIXTH EDITION SIXTH EDITION AUSTRALIAN NATIVE PLANTS Cultivation, Use in Landscaping and Propagation John W. Wrigley Murray Fagg Sixth Edition published in Australia in 2013 by ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Reed New Holland an imprint of New Holland Publishers (Australia) Pty Ltd Sydney • Auckland • London • Cape Town Many people have helped us since 1977 when we began writing the first edition of Garfield House 86–88 Edgware Road London W2 2EA United Kingdom Australian Native Plants. Some of these folk have regrettably passed on, others have moved 1/66 Gibbes Street Chatswood NSW 2067 Australia to different areas. We endeavour here to acknowledge their assistance, without which the 218 Lake Road Northcote Auckland New Zealand Wembley Square First Floor Solan Road Gardens Cape Town 8001 South Africa various editions of this book would not have been as useful to so many gardeners and lovers of Australian plants. www.newhollandpublishers.com To the following people, our sincere thanks: Steve Adams, Ralph Bailey, Natalie Barnett, www.newholland.com.au Tony Bean, Lloyd Bird, John Birks, Mr and Mrs Blacklock, Don Blaxell, Jim Bourner, John Copyright © 2013 in text: John Wrigley Briggs, Colin Broadfoot, Dot Brown, the late George Brown, Ray Brown, Leslie Conway, Copyright © 2013 in map: Ian Faulkner Copyright © 2013 in photographs and illustrations: Murray Fagg Russell and Sharon Costin, Kirsten Cowley, Lyn Craven (Petraeomyrtus punicea photograph) Copyright © 2013 New Holland Publishers (Australia) Pty Ltd Richard Cummings, Bert -
USOS Y POSIBILIDAD DE CULTIVO DE LA SAYA (Amoreuxia Spp.) EN
USOS Y POSIBILIDAD DE CULTIVO DE LA SAYA (Amoreuxia spp.) EN EL NOROESTE DE MÉXICO USES AND POSSIBILITY OF CULTIVATION OF SAYA (Amoreuxia spp.) IN THE NORTHWEST OF MEXICO Celaya-Michel, H.1*; Valdez-Domínguez, R.D.1; Sosa-Castañeda, J.1; Morales-Munguía, J.C.1; Barrera-Silva, M.A.1; Rueda-Puente, E.O.1 1Universidad de Sonora. Departamento de Agricultura y Ganadería. Carretera Bahía de Kino km 18.5, Hermosillo, Sonora, México. *Autor de correspondencia: [email protected] ABSTRACT Saya (Amoreuxia spp.) was a plant consumed by ethnic groups in the past and by the first colonizers, but even today, in regions of the northwest of Mexico it is still consumed. Two species of the genus Amoreuxia are listed in NOM-O59- SEMARNAT-2010: A. palmatifida and A. wrightii. Despite the recognition for several decades of its potential as a food, as fodder for fauna or domestic livestock, its importance in the functioning of the ecosystem, its medicinal use and possible ornamental use; Many aspects of propagation, growth and productivity under the agronomic management of the saya are unknown. In this work the results of growth and productivity of A. palmatifida are shown under experimental botanical garden soil with drip irrigation. Extrapolating our results to agricultural conditions, we estimate a productivity of 20,000 tuberous saya roots per hectare and 3,100,000 seeds per hectare. With these results we can think that it is viable germination and production strategies in agricultural plots with drip irrigation, previous obtaining of the corresponding permits on the SEMARNAT, which could allow obtaining propagules, both from tuberous roots and saya seeds, to be used in the ecological restoration of degraded lands or for harvesting programs as a new crop. -
Phylogeny and Classification of the Melastomataceae and Memecylaceae
Nord. J. Bot. - Section of tropical taxonomy Phylogeny and classification of the Melastomataceae and Memecy laceae Susanne S. Renner Renner, S. S. 1993. Phylogeny and classification of the Melastomataceae and Memecy- laceae. - Nord. J. Bot. 13: 519-540. Copenhagen. ISSN 0107-055X. A systematic analysis of the Melastomataceae, a pantropical family of about 4200- 4500 species in c. 166 genera, and their traditional allies, the Memecylaceae, with c. 430 species in six genera, suggests a phylogeny in which there are two major lineages in the Melastomataceae and a clearly distinct Memecylaceae. Melastomataceae have close affinities with Crypteroniaceae and Lythraceae, while Memecylaceae seem closer to Myrtaceae, all of which were considered as possible outgroups, but sister group relationships in this plexus could not be resolved. Based on an analysis of all morph- ological and anatomical characters useful for higher level grouping in the Melastoma- taceae and Memecylaceae a cladistic analysis of the evolutionary relationships of the tribes of the Melastomataceae was performed, employing part of the ingroup as outgroup. Using 7 of the 21 characters scored for all genera, the maximum parsimony program PAUP in an exhaustive search found four 8-step trees with a consistency index of 0.86. Because of the limited number of characters used and the uncertain monophyly of some of the tribes, however, all presented phylogenetic hypotheses are weak. A synapomorphy of the Memecylaceae is the presence of a dorsal terpenoid-producing connective gland, a synapomorphy of the Melastomataceae is the perfectly acrodro- mous leaf venation. Within the Melastomataceae, a basal monophyletic group consists of the Kibessioideae (Prernandra) characterized by fiber tracheids, radially and axially included phloem, and median-parietal placentation (placentas along the mid-veins of the locule walls). -
Alvaradoa Amorphoides Germination at Low Water Potential and the Role of the Antioxidant System
Botanical Sciences 93 (2): -9, 205 PHYSIOLOGY DOI: 0.729/botsci.6 ALVARADOA AMORPHOIDES GERMINATION AT LOW WATER POTENTIAL AND THE ROLE OF THE ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM VERÓNICA HERNÁNDEZ-PÉREZ1, JUDITH MÁRQUEZ-GUZMÁN2, SOBEIDA SÁNCHEZ-NIETO3 1, 4 AND ROCÍO CRUZ-ORTEGA 1Instituto de Ecología, Departamento de Ecología Funcional, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., Mexico 2Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Desarrollo de Plantas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., Mexico 3Facultad de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., Mexico 4Author for correspondence: Rocío Cruz-Ortega: [email protected] Abstract: Tropical dry forests are characterized by a high diversity of tree communities and extremely heterogeneous water avai- lability. The tree Alvaradoa amorphoides is a pioneer species of the tropical dry forest found in Xochicalco, Morelos, Mexico. To determine the water requirements for this species to germinate, we evaluated the seed germination rates under field and labo- ratory conditions. In the field, the seeds had an overall mean germination rate of 42%, but the rate varied between the different sites independent of the soil relative humidity and landscape. Alvaradoa amorphoides seeds exposed to a water potential of -0.5 MPa delayed germination, extending Phase II. At the -.0 and -.5 MPa water potentials, germination was inhibited by 80 and 00%, respectively, but the seeds remained viable. Although, the oxygen consumption did not differ between the treatments, the respiration profiles did not show the same triphasic curve as the control. The H2O2 and O2- levels were not significantly different in the seeds at the evaluated low-water potentials (-0.5 and -.0 MPa), nor were the catalase, superoxide dismutase, and gluta- thione reductase activity. -
Rayane De Tasso Moreira Ribeiro1,3 & Maria Iracema Bezerra Loiola2
Rodriguésia 68(4): 1313-1322. 2017 http://rodriguesia.jbrj.gov.br DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860201768413 Flora do Ceará, Brasil: Bixaceae Flora of Ceará, Brazil: Bixaceae Rayane de Tasso Moreira Ribeiro1,3 & Maria Iracema Bezerra Loiola2 Resumo O estudo consistiu no levantamento florístico de Bixaceae no estado do Ceará, como parte do projeto “Flora do Ceará”. Baseou-se na análise dos caracteres morfológicos de espécimes depositados nos herbários ALCB, ASE, EAC, HUEFS, HUVA, MOSS, TEPB e UFRN, bibliografias especializadas, fotos de materiais-tipo, além de coletas e observações de campo. Foram registradas três espécies em dois gêneros: Bixa (B. orellana) e Cochlospermum (C. regium e C. vitifolium). No estado, as espécies estão associadas a ambientes úmidos e secos: floresta ombrófila densa, floresta estacional semidecidual de terras baixas, savana estépica e floresta estacional decidual, inclusive em Unidades de Conservação cearenses. Palavras-chave: Bixa, Cochlospermum, diversidade, neotrópicos, Nordeste do Brasil. Abstract This study consists in the floristic survey of Bixaceae in the state of Ceará, as part of the “Flora of Ceará” project. It was based on the morphological analysis of specimens deposited in herbaria ALCB, ASE, EAC, HUEFS, HUVA, MOSS, TEPB and UFRN, specialized bibliographies, images of type materials, as well as field collections and observations. Three species were recorded belonging to two genera: Bixa (B. orellana) and Cochlospermum (C. regium and C. vitifolium). In the state, the species are associated with wet and dry environments: dense ombrophyllous forest, semi-deciduous forest lowland, savanna and deciduous forest, including Conservation Units of Ceará. Key words: Bixa, Cochlospermum, diversity, neotropics, Northeast of Brazil. -
Wood Anatomy of Lythraceae Assigned to The
Ada Bot. Neerl. 28 (2/3), May 1979, p.117-155. Wood anatomy of the Lythraceae P. Baas and R.C.V.J. Zweypfenning Rijksherbarium, Leiden, The Netherlands SUMMARY The wood anatomy of 18 genera belonging to the Lythraceae is described. The diversity in wood structure of extant Lythraceae is hypothesized to be derived from a prototype with scanty para- I tracheal parenchyma, heterogeneous uniseriate and multiseriate rays, (septate)libriform fibres with minutely bordered pits, and vessels with simple perforations. These characters still prevail in a number of has been limited in of Lythraceae. Specialization very most Lythraceae shrubby or herbaceous habit: these have juvenilistic rays composed mainly of erect rays and sometimes com- pletely lack axial parenchyma. Ray specialization towards predominantly uniseriate homogeneous concomitant with fibre abundant and with rays, dimorphism leading to parenchyma differentiation, the advent of chambered crystalliferous fibres has been traced in the “series” Ginoria , Pehria, Lawsonia , Physocalymma and Lagerstroemia. The latter genus has the most specialized wood anatomy in the family and has species with abundant parenchyma aswell as species with alternating fibres. with its bands of dimorphous septate Pemphis represents an independent specialization vasicentric parenchyma and thick-walled nonseptate fibres. The affinities of with other are discussed. Pun Psiloxylon, Lythraceae Myrtales ica, Rhynchocalyx , Oliniaceae,Alzatea, Sonneratiaceae, Onagraceae and Melastomataceae all resemble Lythraceae in former accommodated in the without their wood anatomy. The three genera could even be family its wood anatomical Alzatea and Sonneratia differ in minor details extending range. Oliniaceae, only from order facilitate identification of wood tentative the Lythraceae. In to samples, keys to genera or groups ofgenera of Lythraceae as well as to some species of Lagerstroemiaare presented. -
Flowers, Posts and Plates of Dirk Hartog Island
Flowers, Posts and Plates of Dirk Hartog Island Lesley Brooker FLOWERS POSTS AND PLATES January 2020 Home Flowers, Posts and Plates of Dirk Hartog Island Lesley Brooker For the latest revision go to https://lesmikebrooker.com.au/Dirk-Hartog-Island.php Please direct feedback to Lesley Brooker at [email protected] Home INTRODUCTION This document is in two parts:- Part 1 — FLOWERS is an interactive reference to some of the flora of Dirk Hartog Island. Plants are arranged alphabetically within families. Hyperlinks are provided for quick access to historical material found on-line. Attention is drawn (in the green boxes below the species accounts) to some features which may help identification or may interest the reader, but these are by no means diagnostic. Where technical terms are used, these are explained in parenthesis. The ultimate on-line authority on the Western Australian flora is FloraBase. It provides the most up-to-date nomenclature, details of subspecies, flowering periods and distribution maps. Please use this guide in conjunction with FloraBase. Part 2 — POSTS AND PLATES provides short historical accounts of some the people involved in erecting and removing posts and plates on Dirk Hartog Island between 1616 and 1907, and those who may have collected plants on the island during their visit. Home FLOWERS PHOTOGRAPHS REFERENCES BIRD LIST Home Flower Photos The plants are presented in alphabetical order within plant families - this is so that plants that are closely related to one another will be grouped together on nearby pages. All of the family names and genus names are given at the top of each page and are also listed in an index. -
Phylogenetic Relationships in the Order Ericales S.L.: Analyses of Molecular Data from Five Genes from the Plastid and Mitochondrial Genomes1
American Journal of Botany 89(4): 677±687. 2002. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS IN THE ORDER ERICALES S.L.: ANALYSES OF MOLECULAR DATA FROM FIVE GENES FROM THE PLASTID AND MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES1 ARNE A. ANDERBERG,2,5 CATARINA RYDIN,3 AND MARI KAÈ LLERSJOÈ 4 2Department of Phanerogamic Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden; 3Department of Systematic Botany, University of Stockholm, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; and 4Laboratory for Molecular Systematics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden Phylogenetic interrelationships in the enlarged order Ericales were investigated by jackknife analysis of a combination of DNA sequences from the plastid genes rbcL, ndhF, atpB, and the mitochondrial genes atp1 and matR. Several well-supported groups were identi®ed, but neither a combination of all gene sequences nor any one alone fully resolved the relationships between all major clades in Ericales. All investigated families except Theaceae were found to be monophyletic. Four families, Marcgraviaceae, Balsaminaceae, Pellicieraceae, and Tetrameristaceae form a monophyletic group that is the sister of the remaining families. On the next higher level, Fouquieriaceae and Polemoniaceae form a clade that is sister to the majority of families that form a group with eight supported clades between which the interrelationships are unresolved: Theaceae-Ternstroemioideae with Ficalhoa, Sladenia, and Pentaphylacaceae; Theaceae-Theoideae; Ebenaceae and Lissocarpaceae; Symplocaceae; Maesaceae, Theophrastaceae, Primulaceae, and Myrsinaceae; Styr- acaceae and Diapensiaceae; Lecythidaceae and Sapotaceae; Actinidiaceae, Roridulaceae, Sarraceniaceae, Clethraceae, Cyrillaceae, and Ericaceae. Key words: atpB; atp1; cladistics; DNA; Ericales; jackknife; matR; ndhF; phylogeny; rbcL. Understanding of phylogenetic relationships among angio- was available for them at the time, viz.