Mobilizing Floristic Data in Multi-Access Keys

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Mobilizing Floristic Data in Multi-Access Keys Mobilizing Floristic Data in Multi-access Keys. Harry C. Stradley August 19th, 2016 Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the MSc in the Biodiversity and Taxonomy of Plants. Acknowledgements “Begin Anywhere” - John Cage - Brian K. Bourque Special Thanks to the Following Colin Pendry Lorna Mitchell Martin Pullan Graham Hardy Louis Ronse De Craene Debbie Vaile Jenny Farrar Elspeth Haston Table of Contents List of Figures Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 Identification Keys – Historic and Modern Perspectives .......................................................... 1 Origin of the Dichotomous Key as a Standard for Modern Botany ........................................... 1 Single-access Identification Keys ........................................................................................... 2 Multi-access Identification Keys ............................................................................................ 4 Circumscription of the Vascular Plant Families of the Floras of Nepal and Bhutan ............. 6 Pre-molecular Classification ....................................................................................................... 7 Bentham and Hooker – Genra Plantarum, and The Flora of British India ............................ 7 The Systematics of Engler and Prantl – The Flora of Bhutan, and Nepal .............................. 8 The Flora of Bhutan................................................................................................................ 9 The Flora of Nepal................................................................................................................ 10 Post-molecular Classification ................................................................................................... 11 Angiosperm Phylogeny Group - An Ordinal Classification for the Families of Flowering Plants ..................................................................................................................................... 12 Transitioning from a Modified Englerian System to the APG III System ............................ 12 Converting the Flora of Bhutan, and the Flora of Nepal to APG II/III.................................... 13 Circumscriptions of Selected Families ..................................................................................... 13 Development of a Character Matrix Based on the APG Families.......................................... 15 Family Descriptions .................................................................................................................. 15 Consideration of Characters ...................................................................................................... 16 Consistency of Taxonomic Data in Multiple Sources .............................................................. 17 Digital Extraction of Floristic Data ........................................................................................... 19 Legacy Data at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Library ............................................. 20 Discussion..................................................................................................................................... 20 Mobilizing Legacy Data from the Flora of Bhutan/Nepal ....................................................... 20 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 22 Appendix I ................................................................................................................................... 26 Appendix II .................................................................................................................................. 35 List of Figures Figure 1 - Example of a single-access (dichotomous) key for the genera of Annonaceae Juss. presented in parallel formatting for the Flora of Nepal. (Watson et al., 2011) ............................... 2 Figure 2 - Excerpt from the Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas illustrating a yoked key. (Radford et al., 1968) .............................................................................................................. 3 Stradley 1 Introduction Understanding and classifying the natural world, especially flora is more important now than ever before. Aside from the pure inherent curiosity of identifying flora, it is often a necessity for larger goals to have a list of extant flora, particularly flora native to particular geographical, or political regions. Conservation work in particular has need for identifying specimens, as it is impossible to conserve what is not known. Dichotomous identification keys are widely available, and are common place in many works. Typically, these are keys to genra and species, while less commonly a work might include a key to families. These keys were often produced purely in print form, limiting them to users with physical access to the flora/field guide. Modern digital resources make it available to have a wider range of identification resources, both with traditional dichotomous keys, but also more recent multi-access keys. Digital interactive keys require the creation and maintenance of a database to support them. Databases can be tedious to create, but can be aided by smart software that can extract data from electronic sources. In order to use historic print based information, the data either needs to be hand entered by a live user, or converted into electronic format to be read by software. This project discusses the feasibility of creating an online multi-access identification key for the woody plant families of Nepal and Bhutan based off the respective floras for those regions. Identification Keys – Historic and Modern Perspectives Origin of the Dichotomous Key as a Standard for Modern Botany Dichotomous keys are probably one of the most well-known tools for identification used universally across almost all branches of biological science. In botanical sciences they are almost a mandatory element, particularly in any sort of taxonomic work e.g. floras, monographs, or any sort of revision. Several authors can be credited with developing tools that would fall under the scheme of modern dichotomous keys, but Jean-Baptiste Lamarck is generally credited as the who brought it into mainstream use in its modern format. He published a version of a dichotomous key in his 1778 Flore Française, and while it is far from the modern form its purpose is evident as a dichotomous identification key. The predecessors to the Lamarck key go Stradley 2 back an estimated one to two hundred years, beginning with the dialectic works of Ramus who presented dichotomously organized information designed as a teaching tool for his students. Also preceding Lamarck were dichotomous arrangements used as tools for presenting classification systems, e.g. John Ray’s scheme for his 1868 Historia Plantarum. (Griffing, 2011) Since then modern identification keys have diversified into several forms aside from the classic dichotomous key. Modern identification keys can fall into one of two categories, either being single-access or multi-access in style. Dichotomous keys remain relatively unchanged in their presentation since their introduction in 1778, and fall under the heading of single-access keys as they proceed from a single starting point. Within the last century though many modern forms of biological identification have presented themselves with varying degrees of success. Theses fall under what are commonly referred to as multi-access keys. They allow the user to enter the key from a variety of starting points based on available data. While dichotomous keys are probably the more well-known of the two types, multi-access keys are not without merit. Single-access Identification Keys Typically, when discussing identification keys, it is implied that the key in question is a dichotomous key as presented in Figure 2. These keys progress logically from an initial starting point using discriminating couplets to guide the user through until an identification is made. The Figure 1 - Example of a single-access (dichotomous) key for the genera of Annonaceae Juss. presented in parallel formatting for the Flora of Nepal. (Watson et al., 2011) Stradley 3 majority dichotomous keys will be found in any number of taxonomic works, typically floras, monographs, and field guides and are used to identify genra and species. Higher level keys to family level identification are also found, but with a lower frequency than keys to genra and species. The basic principles behind keys are relatively simple and has probably been the main reason for their success. The main selling point being that well-constructed keys are compact, effective methods for identification, and can be incorporated into any number of botanical writings or resources. Once educated on how to use a key, any dichotomous key can be read and understood in short order. The only variation between keys is usually in how the couplets are ordered, either being parallel as in figure 2, or yoked as seen in figure 3. With parallel keys the choices in a couplet are presented jointly as a whole unit. In the key presented in figure 2 the first couplet presents us with two options. If option A describes your specimen, then you have reached a determination for your taxa, but if option A does not describe your specimen, then you proceed to the next
Recommended publications
  • Mallotus Glomerulatus (Euphorbiaceae Sensu Stricto), a New Species: Description, Pollen and Phylogenetic Position
    THAI FOR. BULL. (BOT.) 32: 173–178. 2004. Mallotus glomerulatus (Euphorbiaceae sensu stricto), a new species: description, pollen and phylogenetic position PETER C. VAN WELZEN*, RAYMOND W.J.M. VAN DER HAM*& KRISTO K.M. KULJU* INTRODUCTION A field trip by several staff members of the Forest Herbarium in Bangkok (BKF) to Phu Langka National Park in Nakhon Phanom Province resulted in the discovery of an unusual undershrub up to 1.5 m high and with the typical ‘explosively’ dehiscent fruits of Euphorbiaceae. The two plants showed a unique combination of characters: opposite leaves, stellate hairs, two apical, axillary ‘fruiting columns’ (no real inflorescences), smooth carpels, and a single ovule per locule (typical for the Euphorbiaceae s.s.: subfamilies Acalyphoideae, Crotonoideae, and Euphorbioideae). A year later, other staff members of BKF collected the staminate flowers, which were present in shortly peduncled glomerules. This inflorescence type is quite common in subfamily Phyllanthoideae (now often referred to at the family level as Phyllanthaceae), but all representatives of this (sub)family have two ovules per locule. Thus, the presence of glomerules makes the set of characters unique and we consider the unidentified plant to be a new species. The new species resembles the genus Mallotus in having extrafloral nectaries in the form of round or oval glands on the upper leaf surface, stellate hairs and short, terminal pistillate inflorescences reduced to a single flower. In Thailand the latter character is present in M. calocarpus Airy Shaw. The new species also resembles M. calocarpus in the smooth, unarmed fruits, the penninerved (not triplinerved) leaf blade, short staminate inflorescences (though no glomerules in M.
    [Show full text]
  • CGGJ Vansteenis
    BIBLIOGRAPHY : ALGAE 3957 X. Bibliography C.G.G.J. van Steenis (continued from page 3864) The entries have been split into five categories: a) Algae — b) Fungi & Lichens — c) Bryophytes — d) Pteridophytes — e) Spermatophytes 8 General subjects. — Books have been marked with an asterisk. a) Algae: ABDUS M & Ulva a SALAM, A. Y.S.A.KHAN, patengansis, new species from Bang- ladesh. Phykos 19 (1980) 129-131, 4 fig. ADEY ,w. H., R.A.TOWNSEND & w„T„ BOYKINS, The crustose coralline algae (Rho- dophyta: Corallinaceae) of the Hawaiian Islands. Smithson„Contr„ Marine Sci. no 15 (1982) 1-74, 47 fig. 10 new) 29 new); to subfamilies and genera (1 and spp. (several key genera; keys to species„ BANDO,T„, S.WATANABE & T„NAKANO, Desmids from soil of paddyfields collect- ed in Java and Sumatra. Tukar-Menukar 1 (1982) 7-23, 4 fig. 85 species listed and annotated; no novelties. *CHRISTIANSON,I.G., M.N.CLAYTON & B.M.ALLENDER (eds.), B.FUHRER (photogr.), Seaweeds of Australia. A.H.& A.W.Reed Pty Ltd., Sydney (1981) 112 pp., 186 col.pl. Magnificent atlas; text only with the phyla; ample captions; some seagrasses included. CORDERO Jr,P.A„ Studies on Philippine marine red algae. Nat.Mus.Philip., Manila (1981) 258 pp., 28 pi., 1 map, 265 fig. Thesis (Kyoto); keys and descriptions of 259 spp„, half of them new to the Philippines; 1 new species. A preliminary study of the ethnobotany of Philippine edible sea- weeds, especially from Ilocos Norte and Cagayan Provinces. Acta Manillana A 21 (31) (1982) 54-79. Chemical analysis; scientific and local names; indication of uses and storage.
    [Show full text]
  • Flowering Plants Eudicots Apiales, Gentianales (Except Rubiaceae)
    Edited by K. Kubitzki Volume XV Flowering Plants Eudicots Apiales, Gentianales (except Rubiaceae) Joachim W. Kadereit · Volker Bittrich (Eds.) THE FAMILIES AND GENERA OF VASCULAR PLANTS Edited by K. Kubitzki For further volumes see list at the end of the book and: http://www.springer.com/series/1306 The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants Edited by K. Kubitzki Flowering Plants Á Eudicots XV Apiales, Gentianales (except Rubiaceae) Volume Editors: Joachim W. Kadereit • Volker Bittrich With 85 Figures Editors Joachim W. Kadereit Volker Bittrich Johannes Gutenberg Campinas Universita¨t Mainz Brazil Mainz Germany Series Editor Prof. Dr. Klaus Kubitzki Universita¨t Hamburg Biozentrum Klein-Flottbek und Botanischer Garten 22609 Hamburg Germany The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants ISBN 978-3-319-93604-8 ISBN 978-3-319-93605-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93605-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018961008 # Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
    [Show full text]
  • Pu'u Wa'awa'a Biological Assessment
    PU‘U WA‘AWA‘A BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT PU‘U WA‘AWA‘A, NORTH KONA, HAWAII Prepared by: Jon G. Giffin Forestry & Wildlife Manager August 2003 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ................................................................................................................................. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................. ii GENERAL SETTING...................................................................................................................1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................1 Land Use Practices...............................................................................................................1 Geology..................................................................................................................................3 Lava Flows............................................................................................................................5 Lava Tubes ...........................................................................................................................5 Cinder Cones ........................................................................................................................7 Soils .......................................................................................................................................9
    [Show full text]
  • Coffea Arabica L.) À La Rouille (Hemileia Vastatrix
    MINISTERE DE L’AGRICULTURE ET DE LA PÊCHE CENTRE INTERNATIONAL D’ETUDES SUPERIEURES EN SCIENCES AGRONOMIQUES - MONTPELLIER SUP AGRO - THÈSE Présentée pour l‘obtention du titre de DOCTEUR EN SCIENCES École doctorale: Biologie des Systèmes Intégrés, Agronomie et Environnement Spécialité: Ressources Phytogénétiques et Interactions Biologiques Par MAHÉ Laetitia Titre de la thèse Contribution à l'amélioration génétique de la résistance des caféiers (Coffea arabica L.) à la rouille (Hemileia vastatrix) De l'étude des hybrides interspécifiques naturels de Nouvelle-Calédonie à la cartographie d'un locus de résistance Soutenue le mardi 9 janvier 2007 devant le jury composé de Rapporteur Véronique LEBFÈVRE, Directeur de Recherche, INRA Avignon Rapporteur Daniel PRAT, Professeur, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Examinateur Claire NEEMA, Professeur, INA/PG laboratoire de pathologie végétale Examinateur André CHARRIER, Professeur, SupAgro de Montpellier Examinateur Michel DELSENY, Directeur de Recherche, CNRS Perpignan Directeur de thèse Philippe LASHERMES, Directeur de Recherche, IRD Montpellier Remerciements - A Philippe Lashermes, pour son soutien durant ces trois années de recherche, son encadrement, nos discussions scientifiques, pour m’avoir permis de me rendre à des conférences et présenter mon travail de recherche. Je lui suis infiniment reconnaissante pour avoir partagé ses connaissances, son expérience, et pour sa disponibilité. - A Daniel Le Pierrès, pour m’avoir appris la biologie des caféiers et à reconnaître les hybrides interspécifiques de Nouvelle-Calédonie. - A Marie-Christine Combes, l’arme secrète de cette équipe qui porte sur ses épaules la matière de tous projets, qui m’a apportée aide et amitié. Marie-Christine ne fait pas partie de l’organigramme des officiels de la thèse mais sa présence, son investissement ont fait beaucoup pour mon travail.
    [Show full text]
  • Psydrax Odorata F. Foveolata S.T.Reynolds & R.J.F.Hend
    Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants - Online edition Psydrax odorata f. foveolata S.T.Reynolds & R.J.F.Hend. Family: Rubiaceae Reynolds, S.T. & Henderson, R.J.F. (2004) Austrobaileya 6: 840. Type: Qld, Aeroglen, November 1978, R.L. Jago 221; Holo: QRS. Common name: Alahe'e; Canthium, Shiny Leaved; Iamboto; Shiny Leaved Canthium Stem Usually flowers and fruits as a large shrub or small tree. Leaves Leaf blades leathery, about 5.5-8 x 2.5-4 cm, gradually tapering into a very short petiole. Midrib raised on the upper surface. Foveoles small, cave-like, not present on all leaves and usually not Flowers. © CSIRO touching the midrib. Stipules green, about 2-3 mm long, usually resinous, apex acute. Flowers Flowers pleasantly perfumed, about 5-7 mm diam. Calyx tube very short, lobes short and broad, about 0.5 mm long. Corolla tube about 1.5-2 mm long, lobes about 2.5-3 mm long. Stamens attached to the apex of the corolla tube. Anthers about 2.5 mm long, filaments about 0.5 mm long. Style about 3 mm long. Stigma about 1 mm long, longitudinally grooved. Fruit Leaves and Flowers. © CSIRO Fruit globose, about 5-6 mm diam. Seeds about 5 x 3-4 mm. Cotyledons about 1-1.2 mm long. Radicle curved to U-shaped, about 4-4.5 mm long. Seedlings Cotyledons oblong or narrowly elliptic, about 14-18 x 4-5 mm. First pair of leaves elliptic, about 10- 13 x 5-7 mm. At the tenth leaf stage: leaf blade elliptic or slightly to broadly obovate, thick and leathery, margin recurved, midrib raised on the upper surface.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Consequences of Dioecy in Angiosperms: the Effects of Breeding System on Speciation and Extinction Rates
    EVOLUTIONARY CONSEQUENCES OF DIOECY IN ANGIOSPERMS: THE EFFECTS OF BREEDING SYSTEM ON SPECIATION AND EXTINCTION RATES by JANA C. HEILBUTH B.Sc, Simon Fraser University, 1996 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Department of Zoology) We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA July 2001 © Jana Heilbuth, 2001 Wednesday, April 25, 2001 UBC Special Collections - Thesis Authorisation Form Page: 1 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada http://www.library.ubc.ca/spcoll/thesauth.html ABSTRACT Dioecy, the breeding system with male and female function on separate individuals, may affect the ability of a lineage to avoid extinction or speciate. Dioecy is a rare breeding system among the angiosperms (approximately 6% of all flowering plants) while hermaphroditism (having male and female function present within each flower) is predominant. Dioecious angiosperms may be rare because the transitions to dioecy have been recent or because dioecious angiosperms experience decreased diversification rates (speciation minus extinction) compared to plants with other breeding systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Historical Biogeography of Lauraceae
    PHYLOGENY Andre'S. Chanderbali,2'3Henk van der AND HISTORICAL Werff,3 and Susanne S. Renner3 BIOGEOGRAPHY OF LAURACEAE: EVIDENCE FROM THE CHLOROPLAST AND NUCLEAR GENOMES1 ABSTRACT Phylogenetic relationships among 122 species of Lauraceae representing 44 of the 55 currentlyrecognized genera are inferredfrom sequence variation in the chloroplast and nuclear genomes. The trnL-trnF,trnT-trnL, psbA-trnH, and rpll6 regions of cpDNA, and the 5' end of 26S rDNA resolved major lineages, while the ITS/5.8S region of rDNA resolved a large terminal lade. The phylogenetic estimate is used to assess morphology-based views of relationships and, with a temporal dimension added, to reconstructthe biogeographic historyof the family.Results suggest Lauraceae radiated when trans-Tethyeanmigration was relatively easy, and basal lineages are established on either Gondwanan or Laurasian terrains by the Late Cretaceous. Most genera with Gondwanan histories place in Cryptocaryeae, but a small group of South American genera, the Chlorocardium-Mezilauruls lade, represent a separate Gondwanan lineage. Caryodaphnopsis and Neocinnamomum may be the only extant representatives of the ancient Lauraceae flora docu- mented in Mid- to Late Cretaceous Laurasian strata. Remaining genera place in a terminal Perseeae-Laureae lade that radiated in Early Eocene Laurasia. Therein, non-cupulate genera associate as the Persea group, and cupuliferous genera sort to Laureae of most classifications or Cinnamomeae sensu Kostermans. Laureae are Laurasian relicts in Asia. The Persea group
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Relationships in the Order Ericales S.L.: Analyses of Molecular Data from Five Genes from the Plastid and Mitochondrial Genomes1
    American Journal of Botany 89(4): 677±687. 2002. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS IN THE ORDER ERICALES S.L.: ANALYSES OF MOLECULAR DATA FROM FIVE GENES FROM THE PLASTID AND MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES1 ARNE A. ANDERBERG,2,5 CATARINA RYDIN,3 AND MARI KAÈ LLERSJOÈ 4 2Department of Phanerogamic Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden; 3Department of Systematic Botany, University of Stockholm, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; and 4Laboratory for Molecular Systematics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden Phylogenetic interrelationships in the enlarged order Ericales were investigated by jackknife analysis of a combination of DNA sequences from the plastid genes rbcL, ndhF, atpB, and the mitochondrial genes atp1 and matR. Several well-supported groups were identi®ed, but neither a combination of all gene sequences nor any one alone fully resolved the relationships between all major clades in Ericales. All investigated families except Theaceae were found to be monophyletic. Four families, Marcgraviaceae, Balsaminaceae, Pellicieraceae, and Tetrameristaceae form a monophyletic group that is the sister of the remaining families. On the next higher level, Fouquieriaceae and Polemoniaceae form a clade that is sister to the majority of families that form a group with eight supported clades between which the interrelationships are unresolved: Theaceae-Ternstroemioideae with Ficalhoa, Sladenia, and Pentaphylacaceae; Theaceae-Theoideae; Ebenaceae and Lissocarpaceae; Symplocaceae; Maesaceae, Theophrastaceae, Primulaceae, and Myrsinaceae; Styr- acaceae and Diapensiaceae; Lecythidaceae and Sapotaceae; Actinidiaceae, Roridulaceae, Sarraceniaceae, Clethraceae, Cyrillaceae, and Ericaceae. Key words: atpB; atp1; cladistics; DNA; Ericales; jackknife; matR; ndhF; phylogeny; rbcL. Understanding of phylogenetic relationships among angio- was available for them at the time, viz.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN Western Ghats Ecoregion R. J. Ranjit Daniels Coordinator Hon. Secretary Chennai Snake Park Trust Raj Bhavan PO Chennai 600 022 & Director Care Earth No 5, Shrinivas 21st Street Thillaiganganagar Chennai 600 061 Executing Agency: Government of India – Ministry of Environment and Forests Funding Agency: United Nations Development Programme/Global Environment Facility Technical Implementing Agency: Technical and Policy Core Group coordinated by Kalpavriksh Administrative Agency: Biotech Consortium India Limited Acknowledgements This document has been prepared as part of the national programme titled 'National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan' (NBSAP) – India, funded by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and Global Environment Facility (GEF). The support and cooperation extended by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India (NBSAP-Executing agency), the Technical and Policy Core Group (NBSAP- Technical implementing agency Coordinated by Kalpavriksh) and the Biotech Consortium India Ltd (NBSAP-Administrative agency) are most gratefully acknowledged herein. The support and encouragement provided by Shri B Vijayaraghavan IAS (Retd) – Chairman of the Chennai Snake Park Trust is also gratefully acknowledged. Throughout the process of preparation of the document a number of institutions/people helped in various ways. The complete list of institutions/persons who interacted/participated in the discussion meetings and contributed to the document is provided elsewhere. The following colleagues most willingly extended their support in organising discussion meetings and in channelising information and feedback that went into preparation of the document. Dr Jayshree Vencatesan *– Joint Director, Care Earth, Chennai. Shri Utkarsh Ghate *– RANWA, Pune. Dr P T Cherian* - Additional Director and Officer-in-Charge, ZSI, Chennai.
    [Show full text]
  • 11Th Flora Malesina Symposium, Brunei Darussalm, 30 June 5 July 2019 1
    11TH FLORA MALESINA SYMPOSIUM, BRUNEI DARUSSALM, 30 JUNE 5 JULY 2019 1 Welcome message The Universiti Brunei Darussalam is honoured to host the 11th International Flora Malesiana Symposium. On behalf of the organizing committee it is my pleasure to welcome you to Brunei Darussalam. The Flora Malesiana Symposium is a fantastic opportunity to engage in discussion and sharing information and experience in the field of taxonomy, ecology and conservation. This is the first time that a Flora Malesiana Symposium is organized in Brunei Darissalam and in the entire island of Borneo. At the center of the Malesian archipelago the island of Borneo magnifies the megadiversity of this region with its richness in plant and animal species. Moreover, the symposium will be an opportunity to inspire and engage the young generation of taxonomists, ecologists and conservationists who are attending it. They will be able to interact with senior researchers and get inspired with new ideas and develop further collaboration. In a phase of Biodiversity crisis, it is pivotal the understanding of plant diversity their ecology in order to have a tangible and successful result in the conservation action. I would like to thank the Vice Chancellor of UBD for supporting the symposium. In the last 6 months the organizing committee has worked very hard for making the symposium possible, to them goes my special thanks. I would like to extend my thanks to all the delegates and the keynote speakers who will make this event a memorable symposium. Dr Daniele Cicuzza Chairperson of the 11th International Flora Malesiana Symposium UBD, Brunei Darussalam 11TH FLORA MALESINA SYMPOSIUM, BRUNEI DARUSSALM, 30 JUNE 5 JULY 2019 2 Organizing Committee Adviser Media and publicity Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Isolation and Identification of Cyclic Polyketides From
    ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CYCLIC POLYKETIDES FROM ENDIANDRA KINGIANA GAMBLE (LAURACEAE), AS BCL-XL/BAK AND MCL-1/BID DUAL INHIBITORS, AND APPROACHES TOWARD THE SYNTHESIS OF KINGIANINS Mohamad Nurul Azmi Mohamad Taib, Yvan Six, Marc Litaudon, Khalijah Awang To cite this version: Mohamad Nurul Azmi Mohamad Taib, Yvan Six, Marc Litaudon, Khalijah Awang. ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CYCLIC POLYKETIDES FROM ENDIANDRA KINGIANA GAMBLE (LAURACEAE), AS BCL-XL/BAK AND MCL-1/BID DUAL INHIBITORS, AND APPROACHES TOWARD THE SYNTHESIS OF KINGIANINS . Chemical Sciences. Ecole Doctorale Polytechnique; Laboratoires de Synthase Organique (LSO), 2015. English. tel-01260359 HAL Id: tel-01260359 https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01260359 Submitted on 22 Jan 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CYCLIC POLYKETIDES FROM ENDIANDRA KINGIANA GAMBLE (LAURACEAE), AS BCL-XL/BAK AND MCL-1/BID DUAL INHIBITORS, AND APPROACHES TOWARD THE SYNTHESIS OF KINGIANINS MOHAMAD NURUL AZMI BIN MOHAMAD TAIB FACULTY OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
    [Show full text]