DEBATE coexistence between cHiLeAns And tHe

The result of the plebiscite of October 25, 2020, in which the ‘apruebo’ option prevailed by a surprisingly wide margin, has led into a democratic process that will lead to a new political constitution for the country. Keywords In the demonstrations that led to this Coexistence plebiscite, one of the most repeated State demands was related to the constitutional Mapuche recognition of indigenous peoples. It is no Plurinationality Debate coincidence that the Mapuche flag or the Wün_yelfe – the Mapuche star – were among the most characteristic symbols of the unrest. From that perspective, and at this historical juncture, in this debate we ask if it is possible for two nations to coexist, or if this can lead to a conflict like the one developed between Jewish people and . Well, although we are aware that the relationship between the Mapuche people and the state of Chile has been complex – to the point of being an unresolved conflict of over 500 years – perhaps the new constitution is the ideal instance to legally acknowledge a problem that, after all, is a coexistence conflict.

150 Agencia Uno / Fuente Mapuche Flag / Mapuche Bandera Source: 151 ARQ 106 — , CHILE the State: A The Telluricandthe Question Mapuche t Approach n o Santiago, Chile Portales, Diego Universidad la de Derecho o Herrera de Facultad la de titular Profesor H T like the 19 the like Something vitality. cultural and human radiate not do that enclaves are operations Mining desert. advancing without a solution: telluric problems. is The north an vigor. –of exceptions few –with devoid correlative, its are provinces pretended The barbarism. ruling were civilization if as imagining of point the to gets It group. aheterogeneous as land their in people atthe looks general, in which, resorts), summer aseptic (and neighborhoods segregated capital’s the in up locked is apolitical decision was centralism 19 The heads. egregious most their of emptied abandonment of the provinces, which were progressively the with coincide would time of passing the Then, ties. telluric strong with but caste, feudal aprimitive, of lucidity the piercing was Paris, or Santiago in existence a courtly assume to land the with contact and estates its abandoned the ‘civilized’ world. organization that fought for on the survival margins of an of design centralist the in also, efforts; colonizing the of support the and network, railroad the of construction the south, the of occupation the north, the to expansion the in lies awareness That life. national in territory the of meaning the about consciousness telluric of absence the express to possible not is it hand, other 19 inhabitants. and its force (monopolistic, Weber would say) on a territory driving exclusive an for center the as itself understands that astate logic: same the with elsewhere repeated is which context, abroader in inserted is Chile of state the and Mapuche the between struggle the sense, the Mapuche. and splendor are forbidden to Chilean colonization. resources whose park national immense an of shape the acquires and country the of rest the from disconnected remains south far The up. pile zones’ ‘sacrifice The up. dries valley central The surface. not does exuberance u negligence th g There is a type of problem in Chile that accumulates accumulates that Chile in problem of atype is There decades the over which path, oligarchy However, the the of rationalism brutal and abuses The A major problem, linked to the territory, is that of of that is territory, the to linked problem, A major -century Chilean state are open to criticism. On the the On criticism. to open are state Chilean -century an inherent task of the modern state. In this this In state. modern the of task inherent an as assumed been has installation territorial he th -century Copiapó and its social and political political and social its and Copiapó -century . It is the lack of understanding of an oligarchy oligarchy an of understanding of lack the is . It . The current centralism th -century -century Continúa en / en Continúa Continues in: p. 155 p. 153

ARQ 106 — SANTIAGO, CHILE Hugo H errera professor at the UDP the at professor Theology Helmut Kuhn von Philosophie politische Die Staat. und epistemology, including Sein and law philosophy, political on books and articles published has He Lawyer, Universidad de Valparaíso. Dr. Phil. Universität Würzburg. are constitutive of multiplicity. our popular Mapuche, the like that, groups for recognition effective of spaces way, however, open to essential an is It territory. the from separated have that elites from effort a special requires astep Such resources? economic equitable and regions endowed with robust political competencies a vigorous spatial institutional framework, with few gives recognition to the territories’ identities through Isn’t it worth thinking about a political regionalism that land. the to relating of ways different of roots ofexamples Roman, Indian, barbarian, feudal, regional of full are even and America either. organization political of form only the not is State unitary modern The land. the from possible: becomes this like think and feel who those with understanding the which in harmony shared apossible expect wecould Then land. the with relationship civilian the from start must one formulas, Rather than with thoughtful modern intellectual disagreement. of forms striking most the from departs that adialogue starting for abasis be would architects and geographers, poets, writers, of lucidity the to closer Earth the of understanding An understanding. of mode Earth,’ powerless. ‘primitive’ territorial consciousness of the ‘people of the rationalism with the landscape; on the other, the on the one hand,asymmetry: the negligent centralist the heterogeneity There is persists. a fundamental interactions, reciprocal of centuries Even after Chile. human fulfillment or frustration. on –depends fundamentally –and also frustration or fulfillment its which on context vital and aesthetic an splendor; and ground, anurturing space, ameeting seat, a find wecan which in meaning of whole encompassing all- an is It meaning. its Teillier noticed –have Iommi, Oyarzún, Serrano, Subercaseaux, Mistral, Lacunza, Hölderlin, Hegel, Turner – or more locally, like emphases, various With province. nor material, raw nor tellurian pernicious political system. a of expression clear the is solve, to able be not will he that problems the about learn to territory the to duty’ on as a ‘commission goes and affairs Santiago from removed is who politician a delegate,’ the ‘presidential of figure the capacities to tackle severe territorial problems. The lack rationalism political centralist and elites Uprooted This constitutional moment opens an opportunity. only however, the not, is rationalism Centralist and from people Mapuche the separate Eons resource, natural eminently an not is territory The (2020), and Octubre en Chile and (2020), (2005), Carl Schmitt between Technological and Rationality School of Law. of School (2020). He is currently a tenured atenured currently is He (2020). ARQ 155

ARQ 106 — SANTIAGO, CHILE